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Sudakov NP, Chang HM, Renn TY, Klimenkov IV. Degenerative and Regenerative Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements, Cell Death, and Paradoxical Proliferation in the Gills of Pearl Gourami ( Trichogaster leerii) Exposed to Suspended Soot Microparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15146. [PMID: 37894826 PMCID: PMC10607021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect is studied of water-suspended soot microparticles on the actin cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and proliferation in the gill epithelium of pearl gourami. To this end, the fish are kept in aquariums with 0.005 g/L of soot for 5 and 14 days. Laser confocal microscopy is used to find that at the analyzed times of exposure to the pollutant zones appear in the gill epithelium, where the actin framework of adhesion belts dissociates and F-actin either forms clumps or concentrates perinuclearly. It is shown that the exposure to soot microparticles enhances apoptosis. On day 5, suppression of the proliferation of cells occurs, but the proliferation increases to the control values on day 14. Such a paradoxical increase in proliferation may be a compensatory process, maintaining the necessary level of gill function under the exposure to toxic soot. This process may occur until the gills' recovery reserve is exhausted. In general, soot microparticles cause profound changes in the actin cytoskeleton in gill cells, greatly enhance cell death, and influence cell proliferation as described. Together, these processes may cause gill dysfunction and affect the viability of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P. Sudakov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Yi Renn
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Igor V. Klimenkov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
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2
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González-Jiménez P, Duarte S, Martínez AE, Navarro-Carrasco E, Lalioti V, Pajares MA, Pérez-Sala D. Vimentin single cysteine residue acts as a tunable sensor for network organization and as a key for actin remodeling in response to oxidants and electrophiles. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102756. [PMID: 37285743 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine residues can undergo multiple posttranslational modifications with diverse functional consequences, potentially behaving as tunable sensors. The intermediate filament protein vimentin has important implications in pathophysiology, including cancer progression, infection, and fibrosis, and maintains a close interplay with other cytoskeletal structures, such as actin filaments and microtubules. We previously showed that the single vimentin cysteine, C328, is a key target for oxidants and electrophiles. Here, we demonstrate that structurally diverse cysteine-reactive agents, including electrophilic mediators, oxidants and drug-related compounds, disrupt the vimentin network eliciting morphologically distinct reorganizations. As most of these agents display broad reactivity, we pinpointed the importance of C328 by confirming that local perturbations introduced through mutagenesis provoke structure-dependent vimentin rearrangements. Thus, GFP-vimentin wild type (wt) forms squiggles and short filaments in vimentin-deficient cells, the C328F, C328W, and C328H mutants generate diverse filamentous assemblies, and the C328A and C328D constructs fail to elongate yielding dots. Remarkably, vimentin C328H structures resemble the wt, but are strongly resistant to electrophile-elicited disruption. Therefore, the C328H mutant allows elucidating whether cysteine-dependent vimentin reorganization influences other cellular responses to reactive agents. Electrophiles such as 1,4-dinitro-1H-imidazole and 4-hydroxynonenal induce robust actin stress fibers in cells expressing vimentin wt. Strikingly, under these conditions, vimentin C328H expression blunts electrophile-elicited stress fiber formation, apparently acting upstream of RhoA. Analysis of additional vimentin C328 mutants shows that electrophile-sensitive and assembly-defective vimentin variants permit induction of stress fibers by reactive species, whereas electrophile-resistant filamentous vimentin structures prevent it. Together, our results suggest that vimentin acts as a break for actin stress fibers formation, which would be released by C328-aided disruption, thus allowing full actin remodeling in response to oxidants and electrophiles. These observations postulate C328 as a "sensor" transducing structurally diverse modifications into fine-tuned vimentin network rearrangements, and a gatekeeper for certain electrophiles in the interplay with actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia González-Jiménez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofia Duarte
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma E Martínez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro-Carrasco
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vasiliki Lalioti
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Pajares
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C.S.I.C., 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Ivaldo C, Passalacqua M, Furfaro AL, d’Abramo C, Ruiz S, Chatterjee PK, Metz CN, Nitti M, Marambaud P. Oxidative stress-induced MMP- and γ-secretase-dependent VE-cadherin processing is modulated by the proteasome and BMP9/10. Sci Rep 2023; 13:597. [PMID: 36631513 PMCID: PMC9834263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical cadherins, including vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, are targeted by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and γ-secretase during adherens junction (AJ) disassembly, a mechanism that might have relevance for endothelial cell (EC) integrity and vascular homeostasis. Here, we show that oxidative stress triggered by H2O2 exposure induced efficient VE-cadherin proteolysis by MMPs and γ-secretase in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cytoplasmic domain of VE-cadherin produced by γ-secretase, VE-Cad/CTF2-a fragment that has eluded identification so far-could readily be detected after H2O2 treatment. VE-Cad/CTF2, released into the cytosol, was tightly regulated by proteasomal degradation and was sequentially produced from an ADAM10/17-generated C-terminal fragment, VE-Cad/CTF1. Interestingly, BMP9 and BMP10, two circulating ligands critically involved in vascular maintenance, significantly reduced VE-Cad/CTF2 levels during H2O2 challenge, as well as mitigated H2O2-mediated actin cytoskeleton disassembly during VE-cadherin processing. Notably, BMP9/10 pretreatments efficiently reduced apoptosis induced by H2O2, favoring endothelial cell recovery. Thus, oxidative stress is a trigger of MMP- and γ-secretase-mediated endoproteolysis of VE-cadherin and AJ disassembly from the cytoskeleton in ECs, a mechanism that is negatively controlled by the EC quiescence factors, BMP9 and BMP10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Ivaldo
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina d’Abramo
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Santiago Ruiz
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Prodyot K. Chatterjee
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Christine N. Metz
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York USA
| | - Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York USA
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Antioxidant Systems, lncRNAs, and Tunneling Nanotubes in Cell Death Rescue from Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152277. [PMID: 35892574 PMCID: PMC9330437 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a rich source of carcinogens and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage macromolecules including DNA. Repair systems can restore DNA integrity. Depending on the duration or intensity of stress signals, cells may utilize various survival and adaptive mechanisms. ROS levels are kept in check through redundant detoxification processes controlled largely by antioxidant systems. This review covers and expands on the mechanisms available to cigarette smoke-exposed cancer cells for restoring the redox balance. These include multiple layers of transcriptional control, each of which is posited to be activated upon reaching a particular stress threshold, among them the NRF2 pathway, the AP-1 and NF-kB pathways, and, finally, TP53, which triggers apoptosis if extreme toxicity is reached. The review also discusses long noncoding RNAs, which have been implicated recently in regulating oxidative stress—with roles in ROS detoxification, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Lastly, the emerging roles of tunneling nanotubes in providing additional mechanisms for metabolic rescue and the regulation of redox imbalance are considered, further highlighting the expanded redox reset arsenal available to cells.
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Madan S, Uttekar B, Chowdhary S, Rikhy R. Mitochondria Lead the Way: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in Cellular Movements in Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:781933. [PMID: 35186947 PMCID: PMC8848284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.781933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics, distribution and activity of subcellular organelles are integral to regulating cell shape changes during various physiological processes such as epithelial cell formation, cell migration and morphogenesis. Mitochondria are famously known as the powerhouse of the cell and play an important role in buffering calcium, releasing reactive oxygen species and key metabolites for various activities in a eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology changes regulate these functions and their regulation is, in turn, crucial for various morphogenetic processes. In this review, we evaluate recent literature which highlights the role of mitochondrial morphology and activity during cell shape changes in epithelial cell formation, cell division, cell migration and tissue morphogenesis during organism development and in disease. In general, we find that mitochondrial shape is regulated for their distribution or translocation to the sites of active cell shape dynamics or morphogenesis. Often, key metabolites released locally and molecules buffered by mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating signaling pathways that motivate changes in cell shape, mitochondrial shape and mitochondrial activity. We conclude that mechanistic analysis of interactions between mitochondrial morphology, activity, signaling pathways and cell shape changes across the various cell and animal-based model systems holds the key to deciphering the common principles for this interaction.
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Causer AJ, Khalaf M, Klein Rot E, Brand K, Smith J, Bailey SJ, Cummings MH, Shepherd AI, Saynor ZL, Shute JK. CFTR limits F-actin formation and promotes morphological alignment with flow in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15128. [PMID: 34851051 PMCID: PMC8634629 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro- and macrovascular endothelial dysfunction in response to shear stress has been observed in cystic fibrosis (CF), and has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) regulates endothelial actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cellular alignment in response to flow. Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) were cultured with either the CFTR inhibitor GlyH-101 (20 µM) or CFTRinh-172 (20 µM), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (10 ng/ml) or a vehicle control (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide) during 24 and 48 h of exposure to shear stress (11.1 dynes/cm2 ) or under static control conditions. Cellular morphology and filamentous actin (F-actin) were assessed using immunocytochemistry. [Nitrite] and endothelin-1 ([ET-1]) were determined in cell culture supernatant by ozone-based chemiluminescence and ELISA, respectively. Treatment of HLMVECs with both CFTR inhibitors prevented alignment of HLMVEC in the direction of flow after 24 and 48 h of shear stress, compared to vehicle control (both p < 0.05). Treatment with TNF-α significantly increased total F-actin after 24 h versus control (p < 0.05), an effect that was independent of shear stress. GlyH-101 significantly increased F-actin after 24 h of shear stress versus control (p < 0.05), with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in cortical F-actin under both static and flow conditions. Shear stress decreased [ET-1] after 24 h (p < 0.05) and increased [nitrite] after 48 h (p < 0.05), but neither [nitrite] nor [ET-1] was affected by GlyH-101 (p > 0.05). CFTR appears to limit cytosolic actin polymerization, while maintaining a cortical rim actin distribution that is important for maintaining barrier integrity and promoting alignment with flow, without effects on endothelial nitrite or ET-1 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Causer
- Department for HealthUniversity of BathBathUK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Maha Khalaf
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Emily Klein Rot
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Life Science, Engineering & DesignSaxion UniversityEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Brand
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Life Science, Engineering & DesignSaxion UniversityEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - James Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Michael H. Cummings
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyQueen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouthUK
| | - Anthony I. Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Zoe L. Saynor
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Janis K. Shute
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
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7
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Zhang H, Liu H, Kataoka S, Kinukawa M, Uchiyama K, Kambe J, Watanabe G, Jin W, Nagaoka K. L-amino acid oxidase 1 in sperm is associated with reproductive performance in male mice and bulls. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:1154-1161. [PMID: 33590844 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm quality is an important indicator of male fertility, and a suitable biomarker enables the selection of high-quality spermatozoa. We previously found that L-amino acid oxidase encoded by the L-amino acid oxidase 1 (Lao1) gene exerts biological roles in the mammary gland and brain by converting specific L-amino acids into keto acids, ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we describe the role of Lao1 in male reproduction. Lao1-deficient (Lao1-/-) male mice generated fewer pregnant embryos and pups as well as lower ratios of fertilized oocytes and even ovulated number was not different, suggesting that male subfertility caused the smaller litters. We found that LAO1 expressed in acrosomes is associated with high malformation ratios and low viability of Lao1-/- sperm. Wild-type (WT) sperm produced more H2O2 than Lao1-/- sperm, and 10 μM H2O2 restored knockout (KO) sperm viability in vitro. In addition, the sperm ratio of induced acrosome reaction was higher in WT than in Lao1-/- sperm incubated with the calcium ionophore A23187. Moreover, LAO1 expression was abundant in bovine sperm with high fertilization ratios. We concluded that LAO1 localized in the sperm acrosome influences sperm viability and morphology as well as the acrosome reaction, and that LAO1-deficient sperm might cause male subfertility. Thus, LAO1 might serve as a novel marker for selecting high-quality spermatozoa, especially for livestock reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachi Kataoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Kinukawa
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Maebashi Institute of Animal Science, Livestock Improvement Association of Japan (LIAJ), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kyoko Uchiyama
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Maebashi Institute of Animal Science, Livestock Improvement Association of Japan (LIAJ), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Jun Kambe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Jeon SY, Kim MR, Yu SH, Kim MJ, Shim KS, Shin E, Lee JJ, Lee YC. Combined Extract of Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica Synergistically Attenuates Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:173-183. [PMID: 32676469 PMCID: PMC7333004 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury caused by oxidative stress is a critical factor in the initial stage of vascular diseases. Thus, identification of more effective antioxidants is a promising strategy to protect against endothelial cell injury. Recently, synergistic effects between phytochemicals have received renewed attention for their role in the treatment of various diseases. Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica are well-known medicinal plants with various biological effects. However, the combination of the two has not previously been studied. Here, we investigated the effects of V. vinifera L. leaf and C. asiatica extract combination (VCEC), a standardized herbal blend comprising V. vinifera L. leaf extract (VE) and C. asiatica extract (CE), for its antioxidant activity and for the protection of endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). VCEC showed higher antioxidant activity than VE or CE in oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays. In HUVECs, VCEC significantly suppressed increases in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased levels of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial-cadherin, and increased endothelial hyperpermeability triggered by H2O2. Treatment with VE or CE alone ameliorated HUVEC injury in a pattern similar to VCEC, although their effects were significantly weaker than VCEC. Overall, VCEC exhibited a substantial synergistic effect on protecting endothelial cells against oxidative damage through its antioxidant activity. Therefore, VCEC could be developed as a potential agent for reducing the risk of vascular diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yeong Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Mi Ran Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Yu
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jeong Jun Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
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Yang Q, Fu W, Wang Y, Miao K, Zhao H, Wang R, Guo M, Wang Z, Tian J, An L. The proteome of IVF-induced aberrant embryo-maternal crosstalk by implantation stage in ewes. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:7. [PMID: 31956410 PMCID: PMC6958772 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Implantation failure limits the success of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Well-organized embryo-maternal crosstalk is essential for successful implantation. Previous studies mainly focused on the aberrant development of in vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos. In contrast, the mechanism of IVF-induced aberrant embryo-maternal crosstalk is not well defined. Results In the present study, using ewes as the model, we profiled the proteome that features aberrant IVF embryo-maternal crosstalk following IVF-ET. By comparing in vivo (IVO) and IVF conceptuses, as well as matched endometrial caruncular (C) and intercaruncular (IC) areas, we filtered out 207, 295, and 403 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in each comparison. Proteome functional analysis showed that the IVF conceptuses were characterized by the increased abundance of energy metabolism and proliferation-related proteins, and the decreased abundance of methyl metabolism-related proteins. In addition, IVF endometrial C areas showed the decreased abundance of endometrial remodeling and redox homeostasis-related proteins; while IC areas displayed the aberrant abundance of protein homeostasis and extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction-related proteins. Based on these observations, we propose a model depicting the disrupted embryo-maternal crosstalk following IVF-ET: Aberrant energy metabolism and redox homeostasis of IVF embryos, might lead to an aberrant endometrial response to conceptus-derived pregnancy signals, thus impairing maternal receptivity. In turn, the suboptimal uterine environment might stimulate a compensation effect of the IVF conceptuses, which was revealed as enhanced energy metabolism and over-proliferation. Conclusion Systematic proteomic profiling provides insights to understand the mechanisms that underlie the aberrant IVF embryo-maternal crosstalk. This might be helpful to develop practical strategies to prevent implantation failure following IVF-ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Kai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lei An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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10
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Tetra-cationic platinum(II) porphyrins like a candidate photosensitizers to bind, selective and drug delivery for metastatic melanoma. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 202:111725. [PMID: 31790880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an expanding treatment modality due to its minimally invasive localized activity and few adverse effects. This therapy requires photosensitive compounds, which have high sensitivity to light exposure. Thus, in this work, the in vitro antitumor activity of meso-tetra(3- and 4-pyridyl)porphyrins (3-TPyP and 4-TPyP) in metastatic melanoma cell (WM1366 line) and non-tumoral Ovarian lineage Chinese Hamister (CHO) was evaluated using photodynamic process. Cell viability tests, molecular docking, annexin V, confocal microscopy and qRT-PCR were performed. Our results show that both porphyrins inhibited the viability of metastatic melanoma cells when exposed to light and did not alter viability in the dark. In addition, they did not demonstrate cytotoxicity in non-tumor cells. Molecular coupling demonstrated platinum porphyrin affinity for the N-terminal region of APO B-100, LDL receptor, and therefore of the cells under study. Genes such as Caspase 3 and 9, P21, Bax / BCL2, MnSod and GSH showed increased expression. For meta isomer 3-PtTPyP treatment, caspase-9 and caspase-3 expression levels showed a 4.89 and 3.23-fold increase, respectively, while for the para isomer 4-PtTPyP, this change was 3.77 and 12.16-fold, respectively. We also observed an upregulated expression of p21, a protein well-known by its action in cell cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner. Conclusion: 3-PtTPyP and 4-PtTPyP demonstrated antitumor effect on WM1366 cells, inducing apoptosis and significant alteration of cell cytoskeleton actin. Our work shows that platinum(II) porphyrins may be promising photosensitizers for the treatment of metastatic melanoma by PDT.
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11
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Karki P, Birukov KG. Rho and Reactive Oxygen Species at Crossroads of Endothelial Permeability and Inflammation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1009-1022. [PMID: 31126187 PMCID: PMC6765062 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Increased endothelial permeability and inflammation are two major hallmarks of the life-threatening conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis. There is a growing consensus in the field that the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphates are critical regulators of endothelial function at both physiological and pathological states. A basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis, vascular tone, and angiogenesis; however, excessive ROS generation impairs endothelial function and promotes lung inflammation. In this review, we will focus on the role of Rho in control of endothelial function and also briefly discuss a nexus between ROS generation and Rho activation during endothelial dysfunction. Recent Advances: Extensive studies in the past decades have established that a wide range of barrier-disruptive and proinflammatory agonists activate the Rho pathway that, ultimately, leads to endothelial dysfunction via disruption of endothelial barrier and further escalation of inflammation. An increasing body of evidence suggests that a bidirectional interplay exists between the Rho pathway and ROS generation during endothelial dysfunction. Rac, a member of the Rho family, is directly involved in ROS production and ROS, in turn, activate RhoA, Rac, and Cdc42. Critical Issues: A precise mechanism of interaction between ROS generation and Rho activation and its impact on endothelial function needs to be elucidated. Future Directions: By employing advanced molecular techniques, the sequential cascades in the Rho-ROS crosstalk signaling axis need to be explored. The therapeutic potential of the Rho pathway inhibitors in endothelial-dysfunction associated cardiopulmonary disorders needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Karki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Konstantin G Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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12
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Meegan JE, Yang X, Coleman DC, Jannaway M, Yuan SY. Neutrophil-mediated vascular barrier injury: Role of neutrophil extracellular traps. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 28120468 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role in host defense against infection or injury. While neutrophil activation is necessary for pathogen clearance and tissue repair, a hyperactive response can lead to tissue damage and microcirculatory disorders, a process involving complex neutrophil-endothelium cross talk. This review highlights recent research findings about neutrophil-mediated signaling and structural changes, including those induced by neutrophil extracellular traps, which ultimately lead to vascular barrier injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E Meegan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Danielle C Coleman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melanie Jannaway
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Y Yuan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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13
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Liang D. A Salutary Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Intercellular Tunnel-Mediated Communication. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:2. [PMID: 29503816 PMCID: PMC5821100 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species, generally labeled toxic due to high reactivity without target specificity, are gradually uncovered as signaling molecules involved in a myriad of biological processes. But one important feature of ROS roles in macromolecule movement has not caught attention until recent studies with technique advance and design elegance have shed lights on ROS signaling for intercellular and interorganelle communication. This review begins with the discussions of genetic and chemical studies on the regulation of symplastic dye movement through intercellular tunnels in plants (plasmodesmata), and focuses on the ROS regulatory mechanisms concerning macromolecule movement including small RNA-mediated gene silencing movement and protein shuttling between cells. Given the premise that intercellular tunnels (bridges) in mammalian cells are the key physical structures to sustain intercellular communication, movement of macromolecules and signals is efficiently facilitated by ROS-induced membrane protrusions formation, which is analogously applied to the interorganelle communication in plant cells. Although ROS regulatory differences between plant and mammalian cells exist, the basis for ROS-triggered conduit formation underlies a unifying conservative theme in multicellular organisms. These mechanisms may represent the evolutionary advances that have enabled multicellularity to gain the ability to generate and utilize ROS to govern material exchanges between individual cells in oxygenated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacheng Liang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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14
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Singla S, Sysol JR, Dille B, Jones N, Chen J, Machado RF. Hemin Causes Lung Microvascular Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction by Necroptotic Cell Death. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:307-314. [PMID: 28421813 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0287oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemin, the oxidized prosthetic moiety of hemoglobin, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute chest syndrome in patients with sickle cell disease by virtue of its endothelial-activating properties. In this study, we examined whether hemin can cause lung microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction. By assessing transendothelial resistance using electrical cell impedance sensing, and by directly measuring trans-monolayer fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran flux, we found that hemin does cause endothelial barrier dysfunction in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with either a Toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor, TAK-242, or an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, abrogated this effect. Increased monolayer permeability was found to be associated with programmed cell death by necroptosis, as evidenced by Trypan blue staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay, Western blotting for activated forms of key effectors of cell death pathways, and studies utilizing specific inhibitors of necroptosis and apoptosis. Further studies examining the role of endothelial cell necroptosis in promoting noncardiogenic pulmonary edema during acute chest syndrome are warranted and may open a new avenue of potential treatments for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunit Singla
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Justin R Sysol
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Benjamin Dille
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nicole Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
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15
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Chaudhuri P, Rosenbaum MA, Birnbaumer L, Graham LM. Integration of TRPC6 and NADPH oxidase activation in lysophosphatidylcholine-induced TRPC5 externalization. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C541-C555. [PMID: 28835433 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00028.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipid oxidation products, including lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), activate canonical transient receptor potential 6 (TRPC6) channels, and the subsequent increase in intracellular Ca2+ leads to TRPC5 activation. The goal of this study is to elucidate the steps in the pathway between TRPC6 activation and TRPC5 externalization. Following TRPC6 activation by lysoPC, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) is phosphorylated. This leads to phosphorylation of p47phox and subsequent NADPH oxidase activation with increased production of reactive oxygen species. ERK activation requires TRPC6 opening and influx of Ca2+ as evidenced by the failure of lysoPC to induce ERK phosphorylation in TRPC6-/- endothelial cells. ERK siRNA blocks the lysoPC-induced activation of NADPH oxidase, demonstrating that ERK activation is upstream of NADPH oxidase. The reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase promote myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation with phosphorylation of MLC and TRPC5 externalization. Downregulation of ERK, NADPH oxidase, or MLCK with the relevant siRNA prevents TRPC5 externalization. Blocking MLCK activation prevents the prolonged rise in intracellular calcium levels and preserves endothelial migration in the presence of lysoPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Chaudhuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael A Rosenbaum
- Surgical Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.,Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Linda M Graham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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16
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Senger DR, Hoang MV, Kim KH, Li C, Cao S. Anti-inflammatory activity of Barleria lupulina: Identification of active compounds that activate the Nrf2 cell defense pathway, organize cortical actin, reduce stress fibers, and improve cell junctions in microvascular endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:397-407. [PMID: 27660013 PMCID: PMC5436582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hot aqueous extracts of the plant Barleria lupulina (BL) are used for treating inflammatory conditions and diabetic vascular complications. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal was to identify active compounds in hot aqueous extracts of BL (HAE-BL) that are consistent with a role in reducing inflammation and reducing the vascular pathology associated with diabetes. In particular, we examined activation of the Nrf2 cell defense pathway because our initial findings indicated that HAE-BL activates Nrf2, and because Nrf2 is known to suppress inflammation. Activation of Nrf2 by HAE-BL has not been described previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human endothelial cells, real-time PCR, western blotting, cytoskeletal analyses, and assay-guided fractionation with HPLC were used to identify specific compounds in HAE-BL that activate the Nrf2 cell defense pathway and reduce markers of inflammation in vitro. RESULTS HAE-BL potently activated the Nrf2 cell defense pathway in endothelial cells consistent with its traditional use and reported success in reducing inflammation. Assay guided fractionation with HPLC identified three alkyl catechols: 4-ethylcatechol, 4-vinylcatechol, and 4-methylcatechol, that are each potent Nrf2 activators. In addition to activating Nrf2, HAE-BL and akyl catechols each profoundly improved organization of the endothelial cell actin cytoskeleton, reduced actin stress fibers, organized cell-cell junctions, and induced expression of mRNA encoding claudin-5 that is important for formation of endothelial tight junctions and reducing vascular leak. CONCLUSIONS HAE-BL contains important alkyl catechols that potently activate the Nrf2 cell defense pathway, improve organization of the endothelial cell cytoskeleton, and organize tight cell junctions. All of these properties are consistent with a role in reducing inflammation and reducing vascular leak. Because activation of the Nrf2 cell defense pathway also prevents cancers, neuro-degeneration, age-related macular degeneration, and also reduces the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder and multiple sclerosis, HAE-BL warrants additional consideration for these other serious disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Senger
- Department of Pathology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mien V Hoang
- Department of Pathology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunshun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
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17
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Li L, Chen J, Xiong G, St Clair DK, Xu W, Xu R. Increased ROS production in non-polarized mammary epithelial cells induces monocyte infiltration in 3D culture. J Cell Sci 2016; 130:190-202. [PMID: 27656113 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.186031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of epithelial cell polarity promotes cell invasion and cancer dissemination. Therefore, identification of factors that disrupt polarized acinar formation is crucial. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) drive cancer progression and promote inflammation. Here, we show that the non-polarized breast cancer cell line T4-2 generates significantly higher ROS levels than polarized S1 and T4R cells in three-dimensional (3D) culture, accompanied by induction of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway and cytokine expression. Minimizing ROS in T4-2 cells with antioxidants reestablished basal polarity and inhibited cell proliferation. Introducing constitutively activated RAC1 disrupted cell polarity and increased ROS levels, indicating that RAC1 is a crucial regulator that links cell polarity and ROS generation. We also linked monocyte infiltration with disruption of polarized acinar structure using a 3D co-culture system. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that increased ROS in non-polarized cells is necessary and sufficient to enhance monocyte recruitment. ROS also induced cytokine expression and NF-κB activity. These results suggest that increased ROS production in mammary epithelial cell leads to disruption of cell polarity and promotes monocyte infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Gaofeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA .,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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18
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Parker WH, Rhea EM, Qu ZC, Hecker MR, May JM. Intracellular ascorbate tightens the endothelial permeability barrier through Epac1 and the tubulin cytoskeleton. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C652-C662. [PMID: 27605450 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00076.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, both tightens the endothelial permeability barrier in basal cells and also prevents barrier leak induced by inflammatory agents. Barrier tightening by ascorbate in basal endothelial cells requires nitric oxide derived from activation of nitric oxide synthase. Although ascorbate did not affect cyclic AMP levels in our previous study, there remains a question of whether it might activate downstream cyclic AMP-dependent pathways. In this work, we found in both primary and immortalized cultured endothelial cells that ascorbate tightened the endothelial permeability barrier by ∼30%. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, this occurred at what are likely physiologic intracellular ascorbate concentrations. In so doing, ascorbate decreased measures of oxidative stress and also flattened the cells to increase cell-to-cell contact. Inhibition of downstream cyclic AMP-dependent proteins via protein kinase A did not prevent ascorbate from tightening the endothelial permeability barrier, whereas inhibition of Epac1 did block the ascorbate effect. Although Epac1 was required, its mediator Rap1 was not activated. Furthermore, ascorbate acutely stabilized microtubules during depolymerization induced by colchicine and nocodazole. Over several days in culture, ascorbate also increased the amount of stable acetylated α-tubulin. Microtubule stabilization was further suggested by the finding that ascorbate increased the amount of Epac1 bound to α-tubulin. These results suggest that physiologic ascorbate concentrations tighten the endothelial permeability barrier in unstimulated cells by stabilizing microtubules in a manner downstream of cyclic AMP that might be due both to increasing nitric oxide availability and to scavenging of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Parker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Elizabeth Meredith Rhea
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Zhi-Chao Qu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Morgan R Hecker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - James M May
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; and
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19
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Yuan S, Pardue S, Shen X, Alexander JS, Orr AW, Kevil CG. Hydrogen sulfide metabolism regulates endothelial solute barrier function. Redox Biol 2016; 9:157-166. [PMID: 27552214 PMCID: PMC4993857 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gaseous signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. In addition to free H2S, H2S can be oxidized to polysulfide which can be biologically active. Since the impact of H2S on endothelial solute barrier function is not known, we sought to determine whether H2S and its various metabolites affect endothelial permeability. In vitro permeability was evaluated using albumin flux and transendothelial electrical resistance. Different H2S donors were used to examine the effects of exogenous H2S. To evaluate the role of endogenous H2S, mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) were isolated from wild type mice and mice lacking cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), a predominant source of H2S in endothelial cells. In vivo permeability was evaluated using the Miles assay. We observed that polysulfide donors induced rapid albumin flux across endothelium. Comparatively, free sulfide donors increased permeability only with higher concentrations and at later time points. Increased solute permeability was associated with disruption of endothelial junction proteins claudin 5 and VE-cadherin, along with enhanced actin stress fiber formation. Importantly, sulfide donors that increase permeability elicited a preferential increase in polysulfide levels within endothelium. Similarly, CSE deficient MAECs showed enhanced solute barrier function along with reduced endogenous bound sulfane sulfur. CSE siRNA knockdown also enhanced endothelial junction structures with increased claudin 5 protein expression. In vivo, CSE genetic deficiency significantly blunted VEGF induced hyperpermeability revealing an important role of the enzyme for barrier function. In summary, endothelial solute permeability is critically regulated via exogenous and endogenous sulfide bioavailability with a prominent role of polysulfides. Polysulfide from cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and exogenous polysulfide donors increases endothelial permeability. The ability of polysulfide to increase permeability is associated with junction disruption and stress fiber formation. CSE expression in vivo regulates VEGF induced hyper-permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Sibile Pardue
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - J Steven Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
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20
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Viswanathan P, Ephstein Y, Garcia JGN, Cho M, Dudek SM. Differential elastic responses to barrier-altering agonists in two types of human lung endothelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:599-605. [PMID: 27473658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Vascular integrity is primarily determined by endothelial cell (EC) cytoskeletal structure that is differentially regulated by various stimuli. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to characterize structural and mechanical properties in the cytoskeleton of cultured human pulmonary artery EC (HPAEC) and human lung microvascular EC (HLMVEC) by determining elastic properties (Young's modulus) in response to endogenous barrier protective agents sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), or the barrier disruptive molecule thrombin. Initial studies in unstimulated cells indicate higher baseline peripheral elastic modulus values in HPAEC (mean 2.9 KPa) than in HLMVEC (1.8 KPa). After 30 min of stimulation, S1P induced the highest Young's modulus increase (6.1 KPa) compared to the other barrier enhancing stimuli, HGF (5.8 KPa) and the pharmaceutical agent and S1P analog FTY720 (4.1 KPa). In contrast, the barrier disruptive agent thrombin decreased values from 2.5 KPa to 0.7 KPa depending on the cell type and treatment time. AFM topographical imaging supports these quantitative biophysical data regarding differential peripheral elastic properties in EC. Overall, these AFM studies provide novel insights into the biomechanical properties of human lung EC that regulate vascular barrier function and have potential applicability to pathophysiologic vascular leak syndromes such as acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Viswanathan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Y Ephstein
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J G N Garcia
- Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - M Cho
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S M Dudek
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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21
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Ma Z, Wu YS, Mak AF. Rheological behavior of actin stress fibers in myoblasts after nanodissection: Effects of oxidative stress. Biorheology 2015; 52:225-34. [DOI: 10.3233/bir-14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiqian Shirley Wu
- Biomedical Engineering Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arthur F.T. Mak
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Biomedical Engineering Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Mittal M, Siddiqui MR, Tran K, Reddy SP, Malik AB. Reactive oxygen species in inflammation and tissue injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1126-67. [PMID: 23991888 PMCID: PMC3929010 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2714] [Impact Index Per Article: 271.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that play an important role in the progression of inflammatory disorders. An enhanced ROS generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) at the site of inflammation causes endothelial dysfunction and tissue injury. The vascular endothelium plays an important role in passage of macromolecules and inflammatory cells from the blood to tissue. Under the inflammatory conditions, oxidative stress produced by PMNs leads to the opening of inter-endothelial junctions and promotes the migration of inflammatory cells across the endothelial barrier. The migrated inflammatory cells not only help in the clearance of pathogens and foreign particles but also lead to tissue injury. The current review compiles the past and current research in the area of inflammation with particular emphasis on oxidative stress-mediated signaling mechanisms that are involved in inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mittal
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Wilhelm KR, Roan E, Ghosh MC, Parthasarathi K, Waters CM. Hyperoxia increases the elastic modulus of alveolar epithelial cells through Rho kinase. FEBS J 2013; 281:957-69. [PMID: 24289040 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with acute lung injury are administered high concentrations of oxygen during mechanical ventilation, and while both hyperoxia and mechanical ventilation are necessary, each can independently cause additional injury. However, the precise mechanisms that lead to injury are not well understood. We hypothesized that alveolar epithelial cells may be more susceptible to injury caused by mechanical ventilation because hyperoxia causes cells to be stiffer due to increased filamentous actin (f-actin) formation via the GTPase RhoA and its effecter Rho kinase (ROCK). We examined cytoskeletal structures in cultured murine lung alveolar epithelial cells (MLE-12) under normoxic and hyperoxic (48 h) conditions. We also measured cell elasticity (E) using an atomic force microscope in the indenter mode. Hyperoxia caused increased f-actin stress fibers and bundle formation, an increase in g- and f-actin, an increase in nuclear area and a decrease in nuclear height, and cells became stiffer (higher E). Treatment with an inhibitor (Y-27632) of ROCK significantly decreased E and prevented the cytoskeletal changes, while it did not influence the nuclear height and area. Pre-exposure of cells to hyperoxia promoted detachment when cells were subsequently stretched cyclically, but the ROCK inhibitor prevented this effect. Hyperoxia caused thickening of vinculin focal adhesion plaques, and inhibition of ROCK reduced the formation of distinct focal adhesion plaques. Phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase was significantly reduced by both hyperoxia and treatment with Y-27632. Hyperoxia caused increased cell stiffness and promoted cell detachment during stretch. These effects were ameliorated by inhibition of ROCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Wilhelm
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Soares H, Marinho HS, Real C, Antunes F. Cellular polarity in aging: role of redox regulation and nutrition. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 9:371. [PMID: 24306961 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular polarity concerns the spatial asymmetric organization of cellular components and structures. Such organization is important not only for biological behavior at the individual cell level, but also for the 3D organization of tissues and organs in living organisms. Processes like cell migration and motility, asymmetric inheritance, and spatial organization of daughter cells in tissues are all dependent of cell polarity. Many of these processes are compromised during aging and cellular senescence. For example, permeability epithelium barriers are leakier during aging; elderly people have impaired vascular function and increased frequency of cancer, and asymmetrical inheritance is compromised in senescent cells, including stem cells. Here, we review the cellular regulation of polarity, as well as the signaling mechanisms and respective redox regulation of the pathways involved in defining cellular polarity. Emphasis will be put on the role of cytoskeleton and the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. We also discuss how nutrients can affect polarity-dependent processes, both by direct exposure of the gastrointestinal epithelium to nutrients and by indirect effects elicited by the metabolism of nutrients, such as activation of antioxidant response and phase-II detoxification enzymes through the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). In summary, cellular polarity emerges as a key process whose redox deregulation is hypothesized to have a central role in aging and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Soares
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Sangani R, Pandya CD, Bhattacharyya MH, Periyasamy-Thandavan S, Chutkan N, Markand S, Hill WD, Hamrick M, Isales C, Fulzele S. Knockdown of SVCT2 impairs in-vitro cell attachment, migration and wound healing in bone marrow stromal cells. Stem Cell Res 2013; 12:354-63. [PMID: 24365600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) adhesion and migration are fundamental to a number of pathophysiologic processes, including fracture and wound healing. Vitamin C is beneficial for bone formation, fracture repair and wound healing. However, the role of the vitamin C transporter in BMSC adhesion, migration and wound healing is not known. In this study, we knocked-down the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter, SVCT2, the only known transporter of vitamin C in BMSCs, and performed cell adhesion, migration, in-vitro scratch wound healing and F-actin re-arrangement studies. We also investigated the role of oxidative stress on the above processes. Our results demonstrate that both oxidative stress and down-regulation of SVCT2 decreased cell attachment and spreading. A trans-well cell migration assay showed that vitamin C helped in BMSC migration and that knockdown of SVCT2 decreased cell migration. In the in-vitro scratch wound healing studies, we established that oxidative stress dose-dependently impairs wound healing. Furthermore, the supplementation of vitamin C significantly rescued the BMSCs from oxidative stress and increased wound closing. The knockdown of SVCT2 in BMSCs strikingly decreased wound healing, and supplementing with vitamin C failed to rescue cells efficiently. The knockdown of SVCT2 and induction of oxidative stress in cells produced an alteration in cytoskeletal dynamics. Signaling studies showed that oxidative stress phosphorylated members of the MAP kinase family (p38) and that vitamin C inhibited their phosphorylation. Taken together, these results indicate that both the SVCT2 transporter and oxidative stress play a vital role in BMSC attachment, migration and cytoskeletal re-arrangement. BMSC-based cell therapy and modulation of SVCT2 could lead to a novel therapeutic approach that enhances bone remodeling, fracture repair and wound healing in chronic disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnikumar Sangani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chirayu D Pandya
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | - Norman Chutkan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Shanu Markand
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - William D Hill
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Carlos Isales
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Hempel N, Bartling TR, Mian B, Melendez JA. Acquisition of the metastatic phenotype is accompanied by H2O2-dependent activation of the p130Cas signaling complex. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 11:303-12. [PMID: 23345605 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-12-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as cellular signaling molecules and are implicated in metastatic disease by their ability to drive invasion and migration. Here, we define the signaling adaptor protein p130Cas (Crk-associated substrate) as a key redox-responsive molecular trigger that is engaged in highly invasive metastatic bladder tumor cell lines. Endogenous shifts in steady-state hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that accompany the metastatic phenotype increase p130Cas phosphorylation, membrane recruitment and association with the scaffolding protein Crk, and subsequent Rac1 activation and actin reorganization. Both enzymatic and nonenzymatic scavenging of H2O2 abrogates p130Cas-dependent signaling and the migratory and invasive activity of the metastatic bladder tumor cells. Disruption of p130Cas attenuates both invasion and migration of the metastatic variant (253J-BV). 253J-BV cells displayed an increase in global thiol oxidation and a concomitant decrease in total phosphatase activity, common target proteins of active-site cysteine oxidation. The dependence of phosphatases on regulation of p130Cas was highlighted when depletion of PTPN12 enhanced p130cas phosphorylation and the migratory behavior of a noninvasive parental bladder tumor control (253J). These data show that the metastatic phenotype is accompanied by increases in steady-state H2O2 production that drive promigratory signaling and suggest that antioxidant-based therapeutics may prove useful in limiting bladder tumor invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hempel
- College of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12203, USA
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MARCKS protein mediates hydrogen peroxide regulation of endothelial permeability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:14864-9. [PMID: 22927426 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1204974109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of endothelial barrier function is implicated in many vascular and inflammatory disorders. One prevalent mechanism of endothelial dysfunction is an increase in reactive oxygen species under oxidative stress. Previous reports have demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a highly stable reactive oxygen species that modulates physiological signaling pathways, also enhances endothelial permeability, but the mechanism of this effect is unknown. Here, we identify the actin-binding protein myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) as a key mediator of the H(2)O(2)-induced permeability change in bovine aortic endothelial cells. MARCKS knockdown and H(2)O(2) treatment alter the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton in endothelial cells, and H(2)O(2) induces the phosphorylation and translocation of MARCKS from the cell membrane to the cytosol. Using pharmacological inhibitors and small interference RNA constructs directed against specific proteins, we uncover a signaling cascade from Rac1 to Abl1, phospholipase Cγ1, and PKCδ that is triggered by H(2)O(2) and leads to MARCKS phosphorylation. Our findings establish a distinct role for MARCKS in the regulation of H(2)O(2)-induced permeability change in endothelial cells, and suggest potential new therapeutic targets for the treatment of disorders involving oxidative stress and altered endothelial permeability.
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Frazziano G, Champion HC, Pagano PJ. NADPH oxidase-derived ROS and the regulation of pulmonary vessel tone. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H2166-77. [PMID: 22427511 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00780.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary vessel constriction results from an imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors released by the endothelium including nitric oxide, endothelin, prostanoids, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS, generated by a variety of enzymatic sources (such as mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, a.k.a. Nox), appear to play a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, whereas elevated levels effect vascular disease. The pulmonary circulation is very sensitive to changes in the partial pressure of oxygen and differs from the systemic circulation in its response to this change. In fact, the pulmonary vessels contract in response to low oxygen tension, whereas systemic vessels dilate. Growing evidence suggests that ROS production and ROS-related pathways may be key factors that underlie this differential response to oxygen tension. A major emphasis of our laboratory is the role of Nox isozymes in cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will focus our attention on the role of Nox-derived ROS in the control of pulmonary vascular tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Frazziano
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sidibé A, Mannic T, Arboleas M, Subileau M, Gulino-Debrac D, Bouillet L, Jan M, Vandhuick T, Le Loët X, Vittecoq O, Vilgrain I. Soluble VE-cadherin in rheumatoid arthritis patients correlates with disease activity: evidence for tumor necrosis factor α-induced VE-cadherin cleavage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:77-87. [PMID: 21905018 DOI: 10.1002/art.33336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that principally attacks synovial joints. However, accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are major clinical consequences of endothelial dysfunction in RA patients. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is the major mediator of inflammation in RA, related to vascular injury by targeting VE-cadherin, an endothelium-specific adhesion molecule of vital importance for endothelium integrity and angiogenesis. We undertook this study to examine the mechanisms regulating VE-cadherin processing by TNFα and their occurrence in RA. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used in primary culture and treated with recombinant TNFα to study VE-cadherin cleavage. Cell lysates and conditioned media were analyzed by Western blotting for VE-cadherin cytoplasmic domain and extracellular domain (VE-90) generation, respectively. VE-90 was analyzed at baseline and at the 1-year followup in sera from 63 RA patients (from the Very Early Rheumatoid Arthritis cohort) with disease duration of <6 months. RESULTS TNFα induced a time-dependent shedding of VE-90 in cell media. This effect was prevented by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (genistein and PP2) or by knocking down Src kinase. In contrast, tyrosine phosphatase blockade enhanced VE-cadherin cleavage, confirming the requirement of tyrosine phosphorylation processes. In addition, using the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activator APMA and the MMP inhibitor GM6001, we demonstrated that MMPs are involved in TNFα-induced VE-cadherin cleavage. Of major importance, VE-90 was detected in sera from the 63 RA patients and was positively correlated with the Disease Activity Score at baseline and after 1-year followup. CONCLUSION These findings provide the first evidence of VE-cadherin proteolysis upon TNFα stimulation and suggest potential clinical relevance of soluble VE-cadherin in management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adama Sidibé
- INSERM Unité 1036, Joseph Fourier University-Grenoble 1, and CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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Knock GA, Ward JPT. Redox regulation of protein kinases as a modulator of vascular function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1531-47. [PMID: 20849377 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated in vascular tissues by various oxidoreductase enzymes. They contribute to normal cell signaling, and modulate vascular smooth muscle tone and endothelial permeability in response to physiological agonists and to various cellular stresses and environmental factors, such as hypoxia. While concentrations of ROS are normally tightly controlled by cellular redox buffer systems, if produced in excess they may contribute to vascular disease. Protein kinases are essential components of most cell signaling pathways, including those involving ROS. The functioning of several members of this highly diverse group of enzymes, which include receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated kinases, and Rho-kinase, are modified by ROS, either through direct oxidative modification or indirectly through modification of associated proteins such as tyrosine phosphatases and monomeric G proteins. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of redox modification of these proteins, the downstream pathways affected, the often complex interaction between major kinase pathways, and feedback to ROS production itself. We also discuss complicating factors such as differential actions of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, questions concerning concentration dependence, and the significance of signaling microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A Knock
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, King's College London, Stamford Street, London, United Kingdom.
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Yu H, Wang P, An P, Yixue X. Recombinant Human Angiopoietin-1 Ameliorates the Expressions of ZO-1, Occludin, VE-cadherin, and PKCα Signaling after Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2011; 46:236-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-011-9584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tiago T, Marques-da-Silva D, Samhan-Arias AK, Aureliano M, Gutierrez-Merino C. Early disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in cultured cerebellar granule neurons exposed to 3-morpholinosydnonimine-oxidative stress is linked to alterations of the cytosolic calcium concentration. Cell Calcium 2011; 49:174-83. [PMID: 21356558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton damage is a frequent feature in neuronal cell death and one of the early events in oxidant-induced cell injury. This work addresses whether actin cytoskeleton reorganization is an early event of SIN-1-induced extracellular nitrosative/oxidative stress in cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). The actin polymerization state, i.e. the relative levels of G-/F-actin, was quantitatively assessed by the ratio of the fluorescence intensities of microscopy images obtained from CGN double-labelled with Alexa594-DNase-I (for actin monomers) and Bodipy-FL-phallacidin (for actin filaments). Exposure of CGN to a flux of peroxynitrite as low as 0.5-1μM/min during 30min (achieved with 0.1mM SIN-1) was found to promote alterations of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics as it increases the G-actin/F-actin ratio. Because L-type voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels (L-VOCC) are primary targets in CGN exposed to SIN-1, the possible role of Ca(2+) dynamics on the perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton was also assessed from the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration response to the L-VOCC's agonist FPL-64176 and to the L-VOCC's blocker nifedipine. The results showed that SIN-1 induced changes in the actin polymerization state correlated with its ability to decrease Ca(2+) influx through L-VOCC. Combined analysis of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and G-actin/F-actin ratio alterations by SIN-1, cytochalasin D, latrunculin B and jasplakinolide support that disruption of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to cytosolic calcium concentration changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tiago
- Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006-Badajoz, Spain
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May JM, Qu ZC. Chelation of intracellular iron enhances endothelial barrier function: a role for vitamin C? Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 500:162-8. [PMID: 20510668 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid improves endothelial barrier function by decreasing the permeability of endothelial cells cultured on semi-porous membrane filters. This decrease was not due to enhanced collagen synthesis and was mimicked by the collagen synthesis inhibitor ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (EDHB). Since EDHB is known to chelate intracellular free iron, the effects of two membrane-permeant iron chelators were tested on endothelial permeability. Both 2,2'-dipyridyl and desferrioxamine decreased trans-endothelial permeability in a concentration-dependent manner. Increasing intracellular iron with a chelate of 8-hydroxyquinoline and ferric iron prevented effects of both EDHB and intracellular ascorbate. That EDHB and ascorbate did in fact chelate intracellular iron was supported by finding that they both decreased the cellular fluorescence quenching of the iron-sensitive dye Phen green SK. These results show that chelation of intracellular iron decreases endothelial barrier permeability and implicate this mechanism in the ability of EDHB and possibly intracellular ascorbate to tighten the endothelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M May
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0475, United States.
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Chuenkitiyanon S, Pengsuparp T, Jianmongkol S. Protective effect of quercetin on hydrogen peroxide-induced tight junction disruption. Int J Toxicol 2010; 29:418-24. [PMID: 20445016 DOI: 10.1177/1091581810366487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction is a crucial structure in the control of paracellular transport across epithelial/endothelial barriers. This study investigated the protective effect of quercetin against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced tight junction disruption and hyperpermeability in ECV304 monolayers. Nonlethal concentration of H(2)O(2) (100 micromol/L; 4 hours) decreased expression of the tight junction proteins zonular occudens (ZO)-1 and occludin as well as disrupted the junction structure at the cell border. Concurrently, the increased activities of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were observed. Pretreatment with quercetin (10 micromol/L; 30 minutes) prior to H(2)O(2) prevented the loss of ZO-1 and occludin. In addition, the level of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, but not that of the phosphorylated ERK1/2, decreased in quercetin-pretreated group. These findings suggested that the protective effect of quercetin involved the inhibition of phosphorylated p38 MAP activity. Furthermore, quercetin could also preserve the functional integrity of ECV304 monolayers from H(2)O(2) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somrudee Chuenkitiyanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Abstract
Blood vessels respond to changes in mechanical load from circulating blood in the form of shear stress and mechanical strain as the result of heart propulsions by changes in intracellular signaling leading to changes in vascular tone, production of vasoactive molecules, and changes in vascular permeability, gene regulation, and vascular remodeling. In addition to hemodynamic forces, microvasculature in the lung is also exposed to stretch resulting from respiratory cycles during autonomous breathing or mechanical ventilation. Among various cell signaling pathways induced by mechanical forces and reported to date, a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by vascular cells receives increasing attention. ROS play an essential role in signal transduction and physiologic regulation of vascular function. However, in the settings of chronic hypertension, inflammation, or acute injury, ROS may trigger signaling events that further exacerbate smooth muscle hypercontractility and vascular remodeling associated with hypertension and endothelial barrier dysfunction associated with acute lung injury and pulmonary edema. These conditions are also characterized by altered patterns of mechanical stimulation experienced by vasculature. This review will discuss signaling pathways regulated by ROS and mechanical stretch in the pulmonary and systemic vasculature and will summarize functional interactions between cyclic stretch- and ROS-induced signaling in mechanochemical regulation of vascular structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin G Birukov
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Salas-Leiton E, Cánovas-Conesa B, Zerolo R, López-Barea J, Cañavate JP, Alhama J. Proteomics of juvenile senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) affected by gas bubble disease in hyperoxygenated ponds. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 11:473-487. [PMID: 19101763 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Solea senegalensis is a commercial flat fish traditionally farmed in earth ponds in coastal wetlands that might also become important to more intensive aquaculture. Gas bubble disease (GBD) is a potential risk for outdoor fish farming, particularly in certain periods of the year, related to improper management leading to macroalgae blooms. Physical-chemical conditions inducing hyperoxia, including radiation, temperature, and high levels of dissolved oxygen, have been monitored in fish affected by GBD together with observed symptoms. Exophthalmia, subcutaneous emphysemas, obstruction of gill lamellae, hemorrhages, and anomalous swimming were the main effects of oxygen supersaturation. A proteomic study was carried out for the first time under aquaculture conditions and protein expression changes are described for fish that were subject to hyperoxic conditions. Proteins identified in gill of GBD-affected fish are related to oxidative alteration of cytoskeleton structure/function (beta-tubulin, beta-actin), motility (light myosin chain, alpha-tropomyosin), or regulatory pathways (calmodulin, Raf kinase inhibitor protein), reflecting the central role of gill in oxygen exchange. Hepatic proteins identified are related to protein oxidative damages (beta-globin, FABPs), protection from oxidative stress (DCXR, GNMT), and inflammatory response (C3), in agreement with the predominant metabolic role of liver. Comparison of protein expression patterns and protein identification are suggested as potentially specific hyperoxia biomarkers that would facilitate prevention of GBD outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salas-Leiton
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
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JUAN Y, SHEN J, CHUANG S, KOGAN BA, HUANG C, WU W, LIU K, LEVIN RM. Ischemia/Reperfusion Effects on Bladder Muscle and Mucosa Cell Contractile Regulatory Proteins. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1757-5672.2009.00011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhou X, Wen K, Yuan D, Ai L, He P. Calcium influx-dependent differential actions of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide on microvessel permeability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H1096-107. [PMID: 19201997 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01037.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from activated blood cells contribute significantly to the increased microvessel permeability during inflammation. This study aims to define the individual roles of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide in ROS-induced increases in permeability and endothelial intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in individually perfused rat mesenteric venules. Microvessel permeability was determined by measuring hydraulic conductivity (L(p)). Endothelial [Ca(2+)](i) was measured in fura-2 AM-loaded microvessels. Perfusing microvessels with superoxide generated by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase (HX/XO) induced immediate and transient increases in L(p). The mean peak value, which occurred within 5 min of HX/XO exposure, was 4.3 +/- 0.6 times that of the control. In contrast, the perfusion of H(2)O(2) (100 and 500 microM) caused no immediate increases in L(p). A significant L(p) increase, 3.6 +/- 0.6 times the control value, occurred 30 min after the perfusion of H(2)O(2) at 500 microM. The perfusion of H(2)O(2) at 100 or 500 microM for 1 h increased L(p) to 6.6 +/- 0.9 and 11.3 +/- 3.6 times the control value, respectively. The increased endothelial [Ca(2+)](i) in HX/XO or H(2)O(2) perfused vessels was correlated with the time course of the increases in L(p). Inhibiting Ca(2+) influx by LaCl(3) prevented the permeability increase induced by HX/XO or H(2)O(2). These results demonstrated differential actions of superoxide and H(2)O(2) on microvessel permeability and endothelial [Ca(2+)](i). Superoxide-induced permeability increases were immediate and transient, whereas H(2)O(2)-induced permeability increases were progressive, demonstrating concentration and time dependence. Ca(2+) influx plays an essential role in both superoxide and H(2)O(2)-induced permeability increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhou
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV 26506-9229, USA
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Munnamalai V, Suter DM. Reactive oxygen species regulate F-actin dynamics in neuronal growth cones and neurite outgrowth. J Neurochem 2008; 108:644-61. [PMID: 19054285 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are well known for their damaging effects due to oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA that ultimately result in cell death. Accumulating evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species also have important signaling functions in cell proliferation, differentiation, cell motility and apoptosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis whether reactive oxygen species play a physiological role in regulating F-actin structure and dynamics in neuronal growth cones. Lowering cytoplasmic levels of reactive oxygen species with a free radical scavenger, N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, or by inhibiting specific sources of reactive oxygen species, such as NADPH oxidases or lipoxygenases, reduced the F-actin content in the peripheral domain of growth cones. Fluorescent speckle microscopy revealed that these treatments caused actin assembly inhibition, reduced retrograde actin flow and increased contractility of actin structures in the transition zone referred to as arcs, possibly by activating the Rho pathway. Reduced levels of reactive oxygen species ultimately resulted in disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton. When neurons were cultured overnight in conditions of reduced free radicals, growth cone formation and neurite outgrowth were severely impaired. Therefore, we conclude that physiological levels of reactive oxygen species are critical for maintaining a dynamic F-actin cytoskeleton and controlling neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Munnamalai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054, USA
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Birukova AA, Arce FT, Moldobaeva N, Dudek SM, Garcia JGN, Lal R, Birukov KG. Endothelial permeability is controlled by spatially defined cytoskeletal mechanics: atomic force microscopy force mapping of pulmonary endothelial monolayer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2008; 5:30-41. [PMID: 18824415 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Actomyosin contraction directly regulates endothelial cell (EC) permeability, but intracellular redistribution of cytoskeletal tension associated with EC permeability is poorly understood. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM), EC permeability assays, and fluorescence microscopy to link barrier regulation, cell remodeling, and cytoskeletal mechanical properties in EC treated with barrier-protective as well as barrier-disruptive agonists. Thrombin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and hydrogen peroxide increased EC permeability, disrupted cell junctions, and induced stress fiber formation. Oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, hepatocyte growth factor, and iloprost tightened EC barriers, enhanced peripheral actin cytoskeleton and adherens junctions, and abolished thrombin-induced permeability and EC remodeling. AFM force mapping and imaging showed differential distribution of cell stiffness: barrier-disruptive agonists increased stiffness in the central region, and barrier-protective agents decreased stiffness in the center and increased it at the periphery. Attenuation of thrombin-induced permeability correlates well with stiffness changes from the cell center to periphery. These results directly link for the first time the patterns of cell stiffness with specific EC permeability responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Birukova
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Ushio-Fukai M, Frey RS, Fukai T, Malik AB. Chapter 8 Reactive Oxygen Species and Endothelial Permeability. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5823(08)00208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wallez Y, Cand F, Cruzalegui F, Wernstedt C, Souchelnytskyi S, Vilgrain I, Huber P. Src kinase phosphorylates vascular endothelial-cadherin in response to vascular endothelial growth factor: identification of tyrosine 685 as the unique target site. Oncogene 2006; 26:1067-77. [PMID: 16909109 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Src-family tyrosine kinases are regulatory proteins that play a pivotal role in the disorganization of cadherin-dependent cell-cell contacts. We previously showed that Src was associated with vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and that tyrosine phosphorylation level of VE-cadherin was dramatically increased in angiogenic tissues as compared to quiescent tissues. Here, we examined whether VE-cadherin was a direct substrate for Src in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced VE-cadherin phosphorylation, and we identified the target tyrosine sites. Co-transfections of Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) cells with VE-cadherin and constitutively active Src (Y530F) resulted in a robust tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin that was not detected with kinase-dead Src (K298M). In an in vitro Src assay, the VE-cadherin cytoplasmic domain is directly phosphorylated by purified Src as well as the tyrosine residue 685 (Tyr)685-containing peptide RPSLY(685)AQVQ. VE-cadherin peptide mapping from human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated by VEGF and VE-cadherin-CHO cells transfected with active Src revealed that Y685 was the unique phosphorylated site. The presence of PhosphoY685 was confirmed by its ability to bind to C-terminal Src kinase-SH2 domain in a pull-down assay. Finally, we found that in a VEGF-induced wound-healing assay, cadherin adhesive activity was impaired by Src kinase inhibitors. These data identify that VEGF-induced-VE-cadherin tyrosine phosphorylation is mediated by Src on Y685, a process that appears to be critical for VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wallez
- Laboratoire Développement et Vieillissement de l'Endothélium, Département Recherche et Dynamique Cellulaires, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, Inserm, Grenoble, France
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Ma W, Sun Y, Han D, Chu W, Lin D, Chen D. Cytoskeletal response of microvessel endothelial cells to an applied stress force at the submicrometer scale studied by atomic force microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2006; 69:784-93. [PMID: 16892194 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton fibers form an intricate three-dimensional network to provide structure and function to microvessel endothelial cells. During accommodation to blood flowing, stress fiber bundles become more prominent and align with the direction of blood flow. This network either mechanically resists the applied shear stress (lateral force) or, if deformed, is dynamically remodeled back to a preferred architecture. However, the detailed response of these stress fiber bundles to applied lateral force at submicrometer scales are as yet poorly understood. In our in vitro study, the tip, topography probe in lateral force microscopy of atomic force microscopy, acted as a tool for exerting quantitative vertical and lateral force on the filaments of the cytoskeleton. Moreover, the authors developed a formula to calculate the value of lateral force exerted on every point of the filaments. The results show that cytoskeleton fibers of healthy tight junctions in rat cerebral microvessel endothelial cells formed a cross-type network, and were reinforced and elongated in the direction of scanning under lateral force of 15-42 nN. Under peroxidation (H(2)O(2) of 300 micromol/L), the cytoskeleton remodeled at intercellular junctions, and changed over the meshwork structures into a dense bundle, that redistributed the stress. Once mechanical forces were exerted on an area, the cells shrank and lost morphologic tight junctions. It would be useful in our understanding of certain pathological processes, such as cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, which maybe caused by biomechanical forces and which are overlooked in current disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Ohashi T, Ito Y, Matsuno T, Sato S, Shimokata K, Kume H. Paradoxical effects of hydrogen peroxide on human airway anion secretion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 318:296-303. [PMID: 16569755 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study concerns intriguing effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on cAMP-mediated anion secretion in polarized human airway epithelia. Although H2O2 applied to the apical and basolateral membrane increases short-circuit currents (ISC) with analogous properties, it has opposite effects on subsequent cAMP-activated ISC responses. Namely, forskolin (FK)-induced ISC responses were down-regulated by the apical presence of H2O2, whereas they were up-regulated by its basolateral presence. Despite this contrasting effect, oxidative stimuli from either aspect of the monolayer hindered FK-induced increments in cytosolic cAMP levels and apical membrane Cl- conductance. The site-dependent effects of H2O2 were reproduced in the responses to 8-bromo-cAMP. Estimation of the anionic composition of the ISC revealed that the FK up-regulated both bumetanide [an Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC1) inhibitor]-sensitive and 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid [an HCO3--dependent anion transporter (NBC1/AE2) inhibitor]-sensitive ISC in the control, whereas the up-regulation evidently favored bumetanide-sensitive ISC in the basolateral presence of H2O2. The FK-induced NKCC1 augmentation after exposure to basolateral H2O2 was counteracted by cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of microfilament function, but not by charybdotoxin, a blocker of the intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, whose activation could be related to NKCC1-mediated Cl- secretion. These observations suggest that basolaterally but not apically applied H2O2 potentiates subsequent cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion by an increase in Cl- uptake via basolateral NKCC1, whose sensitivities to cAMP/protein kinase A are up-regulated, overcoming the H2O2-induced inhibition of cAMP-mediated apical anion conductance. The basolateral membrane-specific effects of H2O2 may be relevant to the basolateral cytoskeleton, which is believed to interact with NKCC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Ohashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showaku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Rath S, Kalogeris T, Mai N, Zibari G, Alexander JS, Lefer D, Turnage RH. Insulin prevents oxidant-induced endothelial cell barrier dysfunction via nitric oxide-dependent pathway. Surgery 2006; 139:82-91. [PMID: 16364721 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2005.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Revised: 05/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/02/2005] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rigorous maintenance of normoglycemia by the administration of insulin is beneficial to critically ill patients. Because insulin induces endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release, and the constitutive release of NO maintains normal microvascular permeability, the authors postulated that insulin would prevent peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction, an effect dependent on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity. METHODS Murine lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMEC) grown to confluence on 8 micro pore polyethylene filters were exposed to media (control), H(2)O(2) (20 to 500 micromol/L), insulin (1 to 1,000 nmol/L) or insulin (100 nmol/L) + H(2)O(2) (10(-4)mol/L). Endothelial monolayer permeability was quantitated by measuring the transendothelial electrical resistance at 15-minute intervals for 120 minutes. Other cells were exposed to H(2)O(2) and insulin after pretreatment with a NO scavenger (PTIO), an eNOS inhibitor (L-NIO), or a phosphoinositol-3-kinase inhibitor (LY-294002). RESULTS H(2)O(2) caused a concentration- and time-dependent reduction in electrical resistance consistent with an increase in monolayer permeability. This effect was prevented by insulin. Inhibiting NO release (L-NIO, LY-294002) or scavenging NO (PTIO) abolished this protective effect. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that insulin may modulate endothelial barrier function during oxidant stress by inducing the release of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Rath
- Department of Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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Fischer S, Wiesnet M, Renz D, Schaper W. H2O2 induces paracellular permeability of porcine brain-derived microvascular endothelial cells by activation of the p44/42 MAP kinase pathway. Eur J Cell Biol 2005; 84:687-97. [PMID: 16106912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2005.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo, pathological conditions such as ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion are known to damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading to the development of vasogenic brain edema. Using an in vitro model of the BBB, consisting of brain-derived microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC), it was demonstrated that hypoxia-induced paracellular permeability was strongly aggravated by reoxygenation (H/R), which was prevented by catalase suggesting that H2O2 is the main mediator of the reoxygenation effect. Therefore, mechanisms leading to H2O2-induced hyperpermeability were investigated. N-acetylcysteine and suramin and furthermore usage of a G protein antagonist inhibited H202 effects suggesting that activation of cell surface receptors coupled to G proteins may mediate signal initiation by H2O2. Further, H2O2 activated phospholipase C (PLC) and increased the intracellular Ca2+ release because U73122, TMB-8, and the calmodulin antagonist W7 inhibited H2O2-induced hyperpermeability. H2O2 did not activate protein kinase C (PKC), nitric-oxide synthase (NOS), and phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3-K/Akt). Inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/ERK2 or p44/42 MAPK), but not of the p38 and of the c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), inhibited hyperpermeability by H2O2 and H/R completely. Corresponding to H2O2- and H/R-induced permeability changes the phosphorylation of the p44/42 MAP kinase was inhibited by the specific MAP kinase inhibitor PD98059 and by TMB-8 and W7. Paracellular permeability changes by H2O2 correlated to changes of the localization of the tight junction (TJ) proteins occludin, zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), and zonula occludens 2 (ZO-2) which were prevented by blocking the p44/p42 MAP kinase activation. Results suggest that H2O2 is the main inducer of H/R-induced permeability changes. The hyperpermeability is caused by activation of PLC via receptor activation leading to the intracellular release of Ca2+ followed by activation of the p44/42 MAP kinase and paracellular permeability changes mediated by changes of the localization of TJ proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fischer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Max-Planck Institute for Physiological and Clinical Research, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
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Usatyuk PV, Natarajan V. Regulation of reactive oxygen species-induced endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts by focal adhesion kinase and adherens junction proteins. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 289:L999-1010. [PMID: 16040628 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00211.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidants, generated by activated neutrophils, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders and lung injury; however, mechanisms of oxidant-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction are unclear. Here, we have investigated the role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in regulating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of intercellular adhesion proteins and barrier function in endothelium. Treatment of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAECs) with H2O2increased tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, paxillin, β-catenin, and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and decreased transendothelial electrical resistance (TER), an index of cell-cell adhesion and/or cell-matrix adhesion. To study the role of FAK in H2O2-induced TER changes, BPAECs were transfected with vector or FAK wild-type or FAK-related non-kinase (FRNK) plasmids. Overexpression of FRNK reduced FAK expression and attenuated H2O2-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, paxillin, β-catenin, and VE-cadherin and cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, FRNK prevented H2O2-induced distribution of FAK, paxillin, β-catenin, or VE-cadherin toward focal adhesions and cell-cell adhesions but not actin stress fiber formation. These results suggest that activation of FAK by H2O2is an important event in oxidant-mediated VE barrier function regulated by cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Usatyuk
- Dept. of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, C/S Bldg., Rm. 408, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Zhu D, Tan KS, Zhang X, Sun AY, Sun GY, Lee JCM. Hydrogen peroxide alters membrane and cytoskeleton properties and increases intercellular connections in astrocytes. J Cell Sci 2005; 118:3695-703. [PMID: 16046474 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced in the pathogenesis of brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. H2O2 may damage cells through direct oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA or it can act as a signaling molecule to trigger intracellular pathways leading to cell death. In this study, H2O2 caused plasma membranes of primary astrocytes to become more gel-like, while artificial membranes of vesicles composed of rat brain lipid extract became more liquid crystalline-like. Besides the effects on membrane phase properties, H2O2 promoted actin polymerization, induced the formation of cell-to-cell tunneling nanotube (TNT)-like connections among astrocytes and increased the colocalization of myosin Va with F-actin. Myosin Va was also observed in the H2O2-induced F-actin-enriched TNT-like connections. Western blot analysis suggests that H2O2 triggered the phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and that SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, suppressed the changes in membrane phase properties and cytoskeleton resulting from H2O2 treatment. These results suggest that H2O2 alters astrocyte membranes and the cytoskeleton through activation of the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Sawafuji M, Ishizaka A, Kohno M, Koh H, Tasaka S, Ishii Y, Kobayashi K. Role of Rho-kinase in reexpansion pulmonary edema in rabbits. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 289:L946-53. [PMID: 16006483 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00188.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reexpansion of a collapsed lung increases the microvascular permeability and causes reexpansion pulmonary edema. Neutrophils and their products have been implicated in the development of this phenomenon. The small GTP-binding proteins Rho and its target Rho-kinase (ROCK) regulate endothelial permeability, although their roles in reexpansion pulmonary edema remain unclear. We studied the contribution of ROCK to pulmonary endothelial and epithelial permeability in a rabbit model of this disorder. Endothelial and epithelial permeability was assessed by measuring the tissue-to-plasma (T/P) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid-to-plasma (B/P) ratios with (125)I-labeled albumin. After intratracheal instillation of (125)I-albumin, epithelial permeability was also assessed from the plasma leak (PL) index, the ratio of (125)I-albumin in plasma/total amount of instilled (125)I-albumin. T/P, B/P, and PL index were significantly increased in the reexpanded lung. These increases were attenuated by pretreatment with Y-27632, a specific ROCK inhibitor. However, neutrophil influx, neutrophil elastase activity, and malondialdehyde concentrations in BAL fluid collected from the reexpanded lung were not changed by Y-27632. In endothelial monolayers, Y-27632 significantly attenuated the H(2)O(2)-induced increase in permeability and mitigated the morphological changes in the actin microfilament cytoskeleton of endothelial cells. These in vivo and in vitro observations suggest that the Rho/ROCK pathway contributes to the increase in alveolar barrier permeability associated with reexpansion pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sawafuji
- Dept. of Surgery, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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