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Hohn A, Malewicz-Oeck NM, Buchwald D, Annecke T, Zahn PK, Baumann A. REmoval of cytokines during CArdiac surgery (RECCAS): a randomised controlled trial. Crit Care 2024; 28:406. [PMID: 39668341 PMCID: PMC11639119 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-05175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers marked cytokine release often followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. This trial investigates the intraoperative use of haemoadsorption (HA) during cardiac surgery with CPB to assess its impact on postoperative systemic inflammatory response. METHODS In this prospective randomised controlled trial (ethics approval no. 5094-14DRKS00007928), patients (> 65 years) undergoing elective on-pump cardiac surgery were randomised to intraoperative HA (CytoSorb) during CPB or standard care without HA. Primary outcome was the difference in mean interleukin (IL)-6 serum concentrations between groups on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The secondary outcomes included various clinical and biochemical endpoints. Statistical methods included paired and unpaired t-tests, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U-tests, and chi-square tests. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were allocated to receive either intraoperative HA (n = 19) or standard care (n = 19). The primary outcome, IL-6 levels on ICU admission, did not differ between the study group and controls (214.4 ± 328.8 vs. 155.8 ± 159.6 pg/ml, p = 0.511). During surgery pre- versus post-adsorber IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, heparan sulfate and myoglobin post- levels were reduced. Furthermore, IL-6 levels did not differ between the study groups on day 1 and 2 in the ICU. While sequential organ failure assessment scores, lactate levels, and C-reactive protein and procalcitonin (PCT) showed no statistically significant differences. Regarding haemodynamic stability in the treatment group the cardiac index (3.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.47 ± 0.47 l/min/m2, p = 0.012) on ICU day 2 increased, and lower fluid requirements as well as decreased fibrinogen requirement were observed. Need for renal replacement therapy did not differ though a shorter duration was observed in the treatment group. Time on ventilator, respiratory parameters, infectious complications, delirium scores, ICU and hospital lengths of stay, and mortality did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION HA did not reduce the IL-6 level on ICU admission or afterwards. Even though HA reduced cytokine load during cardiac surgery in the treatment group. There were no significant differences between groups in the postoperative course of other cytokine concentrations, organ dysfunction, ICU and hospital lengths of stay and mortality rates. Trial registration prospectively DRKS00007928 and published under: Baumann A, Buchwald D, Annecke T, Hellmich M, Zahn PK, Hohn A. RECCAS - REmoval of Cytokines during Cardiac Surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. TRIALS 2016;17: 137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hohn
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Cologne University Hospital, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Viersener Str. 450, 41063, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - Nathalie M Malewicz-Oeck
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil gGmbH, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Buchwald
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Annecke
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kliniken der Stadt Köln GmbH, University of Witten Herdecke, Cologne, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter K Zahn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil gGmbH, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Baumann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil gGmbH, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
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Cheng JY, Nurul SBMS, Cheng LJ, He HG. Effectiveness of Technology-Delivered Psychosocial Interventions for Family Caregivers of Patients With Dementia: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:1796-1816. [PMID: 39034437 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Family caregivers living with patients with dementia (PwD) face psychological challenges due to care burden. Technology-delivered psychosocial interventions (TPIs) have played a promising role in improving health outcomes among family caregivers living with PwD. This review aims to synthesise evidence of the effectiveness of TPIs on primary (burden and depression) and secondary outcomes (self-efficacy, stress and anxiety) for family caregivers living with PwD. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to determine effect size. Using Cochran's Q and I2 tests, statistical heterogeneity was evaluated. Sensitivity, subgroup analyses and meta-regression were employed to explain statistical heterogeneity. Twenty-eight trials comprising 4160 family caregivers from eight countries were included. Our meta-analysis revealed that TPIs resulted in slight reduction in depression, probably resulted in a slight reduction in burden and anxiety and slight increase in self-efficacy. Subgroup differences were detected in geographical regions (Western Pacific and Southeast Asia) for burden. While there were no significant subgroup differences in other factors, TPIs with preventive function and mobile applications had a more prominent larger effect size. Meta-regression analysis showed that attrition rate was a significant moderator on depression. Results are limited by the high risk of bias of included trials, which may reduce certainty of evidence. This review suggest TPIs are recommended as an adjunct treatment for alleviating burden and depressive outcomes in healthcare institutions. PROSPERO Registration Number: PROSPERO (CRD42023387962).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ying Cheng
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Saatirah Bte Mohamad S Nurul
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ling Jie Cheng
- National University Health System, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Gu He
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore
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Donato S, Meredith LR, Nieto SJ, Bujarski S, Ray LA. Medication development for AUD: A systematic review of clinical trial methodology. Alcohol 2024; 120:194-203. [PMID: 38972367 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Refining clinical trial methodology has become increasingly important as study design is shown to influence treatment efficacy. To maximize the efficiency of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), researchers aim to establish standardized practices. The goal of this systematic review is to describe methodological practices of clinical trials for alcohol use disorder (AUD) over the past 40 years. To achieve this goal, a PubMed search was conducted in April 2023 for RCTs on AUD medications published between July 2018 through April 2023. Resulting studies were combined with a previous search from 1985 through 2018. Inclusion criteria for the RCT studies were: (1) a randomized controlled trial, (2) double or single blinded, (3) placebo or active control condition, (4) alcohol use as the primary endpoint, (5) 4 or more weeks of treatment, and (6) 12 or more weeks of follow-up. In total, methodological data from 139 RCTs representing 19 medications and spanning the past four decades were summarized. Results indicated that the most common medications tested were naltrexone (k = 42), acamprosate (k = 24), and baclofen (k = 11). On average, participants were 74% male and consumed 226 drinks per month pre-randomization. The median length of treatment was 12 weeks (IQR = 12-16; min = 4 max = 52) and the median follow-up duration was 12.5 weeks (IQR: 12-26; min = 7 max = 104). There were two broad domains of outcomes (i.e., abstinence and heavy drinking), with most studies featuring outcomes from both domains (k = 87; 63%). Reporting practices were summarized by decade, revealing an increased enrollment of females, better reporting of race and ethnicity data, and less studies requiring pre-trial abstinence. This review summarizes the current state of the literature on randomized clinical trials for AUD including effect sizes for individual studies and summaries of key methodological features across this representative set of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Donato
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - L R Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S J Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Bujarski
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - L A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Ekhtiari H, Zare-Bidoky M, Sangchooli A, Valyan A, Abi-Dargham A, Cannon DM, Carter CS, Garavan H, George TP, Ghobadi-Azbari P, Juchem C, Krystal JH, Nichols TE, Öngür D, Pernet CR, Poldrack RA, Thompson PM, Paulus MP. Reporting checklists in neuroimaging: promoting transparency, replicability, and reproducibility. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 50:67-84. [PMID: 39242922 PMCID: PMC11525976 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in understanding brain structure and function, but the lack of transparency, reproducibility, and reliability of findings is a significant obstacle for the field. To address these challenges, there are ongoing efforts to develop reporting checklists for neuroimaging studies to improve the reporting of fundamental aspects of study design and execution. In this review, we first define what we mean by a neuroimaging reporting checklist and then discuss how a reporting checklist can be developed and implemented. We consider the core values that should inform checklist design, including transparency, repeatability, data sharing, diversity, and supporting innovations. We then share experiences with currently available neuroimaging checklists. We review the motivation for creating checklists and whether checklists achieve their intended objectives, before proposing a development cycle for neuroimaging reporting checklists and describing each implementation step. We emphasize the importance of reporting checklists in enhancing the quality of data repositories and consortia, how they can support education and best practices, and how emerging computational methods, like artificial intelligence, can help checklist development and adherence. We also highlight the role that funding agencies and global collaborations can play in supporting the adoption of neuroimaging reporting checklists. We hope this review will encourage better adherence to available checklists and promote the development of new ones, and ultimately increase the quality, transparency, and reproducibility of neuroimaging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Mehran Zare-Bidoky
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arshiya Sangchooli
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alireza Valyan
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics, College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Cameron S Carter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Tony P George
- Institute for Mental Health Policy and Research at CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peyman Ghobadi-Azbari
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation, School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dost Öngür
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cyril R Pernet
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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Shaikh H, Lyle ANJ, Oslin E, Gray MM, Weiss EM. Eligible Infants Included in Neonatal Clinical Trials and Reasons for Noninclusion: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2441372. [PMID: 39453652 PMCID: PMC11581680 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Results of clinical trials can only represent included participants, and many neonatal trials fail due to insufficient participation. Infants not included in research may differ from those included in meaningful ways, biasing the sample and limiting the generalizability of findings. Objective To describe the proportion of eligible infants included in neonatal clinical trials and the reasons for noninclusion. Evidence Review A systematic search of Cochrane CENTRAL was performed by retrieving articles meeting the following inclusion criteria: full-length, peer-reviewed articles describing clinical trial results in at least 20 human infants from US neonatal intensive care units, published in English, and added to Cochrane CENTRAL between 2017 and 2022. Retrieved articles were screened for inclusion by 2 independent researchers. Findings In total 120 articles met inclusion criteria and 91 of these (75.8%) reported the number of infants eligible for participation, which totaled 26 854 in aggregate. Drawing from these, an aggregate of 11 924 eligible infants (44.4%) were included in reported results. Among all eligible infants, most reasons for noninclusion in results were classified as modifiable or potentially modifiable by the research team. Parents declining to participate (8004 infants [29.8%]) or never being approached (2507 infants [9.3%]) were the 2 predominant reasons for noninclusion. Other modifiable reasons included factors related to study logistics, such as failure to appropriately collect data on enrolled infants (859 of 26 854 infants [3.2%]) and other reasons (1907 of 26 854 infants [7.1%]), such as loss to follow-up or eligible participants that were unaccounted for. Nonmodifiable reasons, including clinical change or death, accounted for a small proportion of eligible infants who were not included (858 of 26 854 infants [3.2%]). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review of reporting on eligible infants included and not included in neonatal clinical trials highlights the need for improved documentation on the flow of eligible infants through neonatal clinical trials and may also inform recruitment expectations for trialists designing future protocols. Improved adherence to standardized reporting may clarify which potential participants are being missed, improving understanding of the generalizability of research findings. Furthermore, these findings suggest that future work to understand why parents decline to participate in neonatal research trials and why some are never approached about research may help increase overall participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Allison N J Lyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Norton Children's Medical Group-Neonatology, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Ellie Oslin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Norton Children's Medical Group-Neonatology, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Megan M Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Elliott Mark Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics & Palliative Care, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
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Lang H, Peng C, Wu K, Chen X, Jiang X, He L, Chen N. Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA in the treatment of medication overuse headache: a systematic review. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1453183. [PMID: 39372702 PMCID: PMC11451043 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1453183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a chronic headache caused by regular overuse of medications. OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) is used for preventive treatment of MOH. However, its efficacy and safety remain controversial. Methods Seven online databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database) were searched for relevant articles published between January 2002 and March 2024. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies on the treatment of MOH using BoNTA versus a placebo or other active treatments. Results We retrieved 487 articles in the database search. Of these, four eligible RCTs were identified after detailed screening. A total of 1,259 patients with MOH (622 patients treated with BoNTA, 607 with placebo, and 30 with topiramate) were included in the four RCTs. We found that BoNTA significantly reduced headache frequency compared with placebo (mean difference, 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-2.67; I 2 = 0%; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between BoNTA and the placebo in terms of secondary outcomes, which included reductions in acute medication intake (MD, 1.30; 95% CI, -1.18-3.78; I 2 = 0%; p = 0.30), Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire scores (MIDAS, MD, -4.04; 95% CI, -29.36-21.28; I 2 = 0%; p = 0.75), and Headache Impact Test scores (HIT-6, MD, 0.03; 95% CI, -1.77-1.83; I 2 = 0%; p = 0.97). BoNTA was more likely to cause adverse events (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.45-2.42; I 2 = 0%; p < 0.001) than placebo. Conclusion The results of this study show that BoNTA reduces headache frequency and is effective for the treatment of MOH. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022315845.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kongyuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Willows B, Melhus C. 2024 Guidelines for reporting radiation therapy in veterinary medicine. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024; 65:547-555. [PMID: 38899569 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based medicine drives patient care decision-making; thus, accurate and complete reporting in scientific publications is paramount. A checklist for complete reporting of veterinary radiation therapy was proposed in 2012 using the recommendations of the International Commission of Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). The purpose of this study is to review the 2012 checklist and propose updates based on changes in technology. Significant technology advancements have gained traction in veterinary medicine, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), both of which have related modality-specific ICRU reporting recommendations. The 2012 checklist and proposed 2024 checklist are then used to assess the completeness of reporting in veterinary radiation oncology publications between 2015 and 2022, of which one hundred and eight publications met the inclusion criteria. Prior to the publication of the 2012 checklist (2005-2010), only nine checklist items showed a good level of completeness in reporting, and from 2015 to 2022, this increased to 16 items. Encouraging and/or requiring the use of reporting checklists at the time of manuscript submission may be responsible for this improvement in reporting. Using the 2024 checklist, which is more relevant to publications discussing IMRT and SRT treatments, only 14 of the analyzed checklist items (34%) show a good level of completeness in reporting, suggesting there is a need for updated guidelines to capture the nuances of advanced techniques. This study proposes a 2024 checklist that can be used as a guideline for future reporting of radiation therapy in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Willows
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher Melhus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Banwell HA, Tsiros M, Coventry J, Ryan N, Williams CM. Textured insoles may improve some gross motor balance measures but not endurance measures in children with motor coordination issues. A randomised controlled feasibility trial. J Foot Ankle Res 2024; 17:e12036. [PMID: 38951733 PMCID: PMC11633344 DOI: 10.1002/jfa2.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor coordination concerns are estimated to affect 5%-6% of school-aged children. Motor coordination concerns have variable impact on children's lives, with gait and balance often affected. Textured insoles have demonstrated positive impact on balance and gait in adults with motor coordination disorders related to disease or the ageing process. The efficacy of textured insoles in children is unknown. Our primary aim was to identify the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial involving children with motor control issues. The secondary aim was to identify the limited efficacy of textured insoles on gross motor assessment balance domains and endurance in children with movement difficulties. METHODS An assessor-blinded, randomised feasibility study. We advertised for children between the ages of 5-12 years, with an existing diagnosis or developmental coordination disorder or gross motor skill levels assessed as 15th percentile or below on a norm-referenced, reliable and validated scale across two cities within Australia. We randomly allocated children to shoes only or shoes and textured insoles. We collected data across six feasibility domains; demand (recruitment), acceptability (via interview) implementation (adherence), practicality (via interview and adverse events), adaptation (via interview) and limited efficacy testing (6-min walk test and balance domain of Movement ABC-2 at baseline and 4 weeks). RESULTS There were 15 children randomised into two groups (eight received shoes alone, seven received shoes and textured insoles). We experienced moderate demand, with 46 potential participants. The insoles were acceptable, however, some parents reported footwear fixture issues requiring modification. The 6-min walk test was described as problematic for children, despite all but one child completing. Social factors impacted adherence and footwear wear time in both groups. Families reported appointment locations and parking impacting practicality. Underpowered, non-significant small to moderate effect sizes were observed for different outcome measures. Improvement in balance measures favoured the shoe and insole group, while gait velocity increase favoured the shoe only group. CONCLUSION Our research indicates that this trial design is feasible with modifications such as recruiting with a larger multi-disciplinary organisation, providing velcro shoe fixtures and using a shorter timed walk test. Furthermore, progressing to a larger well-powered randomised control trial is justified considering our preliminary, albeit underpowered, efficacy findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was retrospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registration: ACTRN12624000160538.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen A. Banwell
- Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Innovation, Implementation and Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT)University of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Margarita Tsiros
- Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Innovation, Implementation and Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT)University of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Alliance for Research in ExerciseNutrition and ActivityUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jessica Coventry
- Monash UniversitySchool of Primary and Allied HealthFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Narelle Ryan
- Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Cylie M. Williams
- Monash UniversitySchool of Primary and Allied HealthFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
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Kwon CS, Chua MMJ, Jetté N, Rolston JD. A knowledge synthesis of health research reporting standards relevant to epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia 2024; 65:2673-2685. [PMID: 38949199 DOI: 10.1111/epi.18047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous studies have examined epilepsy surgery outcomes, yet the variability in the level of detail reported hampers our ability to apply these findings broadly across patient groups. Established reporting standards in other clinical research fields enhance the quality and generalizability of results, ensuring that the insights gained from studying these surgeries can benefit future patients effectively. This study aims to assess current reporting standards for epilepsy surgery research and identify potential gaps and areas for enhancement. METHODS The Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) repository was accessed from inception to April 27, 2023, yielding 561 available reporting standards. Reporting standards were manually reviewed in duplicate independently for applicability to epilepsy and/or neurosurgery research. The reporting standards had to cover the following aspects in human studies: (1) reporting standards for epilepsy/epilepsy surgery and (2) reporting standards for neurosurgery. Disagreements were resolved by a third author. The top five neurosurgery, neurology, and medicine journals were also identified through Google Scholar's citation index and examined to determine the relevant reporting standards they recommended and whether those were registered with EQUATOR. RESULTS Of the 561 EQUATOR reporting standards, 181 were pertinent to epilepsy surgery. One was related to epilepsy, six were specific to surgical research, and nine were related to neurological/neurosurgical research. The remaining 165 reporting standards were applicable to research across various disciplines and included but were not limited to CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trails), STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology), and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). None of these required reporting factors associated with epilepsy surgery outcomes, such as duration of epilepsy or magnetic resonance imaging findings. SIGNIFICANCE Reporting standards specific to epilepsy surgery are lacking, reflecting a gap in standards that may affect the quality of publications. Improving this gap with a set of specific reporting standards would ensure that epilepsy surgery studies are more transparent and rigorous in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churl-Su Kwon
- Departments of Neurology, Epidemiology, and Neurosurgery and Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melissa M J Chua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathalie Jetté
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John D Rolston
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Conrado Ignacio A, Oliveira NL, Xavier Neves da Silva L, Feter J, De Nardi AT, Helal L, Rodrigues dos Santos M, Soares DDS, Morgana Galliano L, Alano TS, Umpierre D. Methodological rigor and quality of reporting of clinical trials published with physical activity interventions: A report from the Strengthening the Evidence in Exercise Sciences Initiative (SEES Initiative). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309087. [PMID: 39213281 PMCID: PMC11364220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study addresses the need for improved transparency and reproducibility in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) within the field of physical activity (PA) interventions. Despite efforts to promote these practices, there is limited evidence on the adherence to established reporting and methodological standards in published RCTs. The research, part of the Strengthening the Evidence in Exercise Sciences Initiative (SEES Initiative) in 2020, assessed the methodological standards and reporting quality of RCTs focusing on PA interventions. METHODS RCTs of PA advice or exercise interventions published in 2020 were selected. Monthly searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE targeting six top-tier exercise science journals. Assessments were conducted by two independent authors, based on 44 items originally from CONSORT and TIDieR reporting guidelines. These items were divided into seven domains: transparency, completeness, participants, intervention, rigor methodology, outcomes and critical analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies, and exploratory analysis was done by comparing proportions using the χ2 test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Out of 1,766 RCTs evaluated for eligibility, 53 were included. The median adherence to recommended items across the studies was 30 (18-44) items in individual assessments. Notably, items demonstrating full adherence were related to intervention description, justification, outcome measurement, effect sizes, and statistical analysis. Conversely, the least reported item pertained to mentioning unplanned modifications during trials, appearing in only 11.3% of studies. Among the 53 RCTs, 67.9% reported having a registration, and these registered studies showed higher adherence to assessed items compared to non-registered ones. CONCLUSIONS In summary, while critical analysis aspects were more comprehensively described, aspects associated with transparency, such as protocol registrations/modifications and intervention descriptions, were reported suboptimally. The findings underscore the importance of promoting resources related to reporting quality and transparent research practices for investigators and editors in the exercise sciences discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Conrado Ignacio
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nórton Luís Oliveira
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS/HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Xavier Neves da Silva
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jayne Feter
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica Trevisan De Nardi
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Helal
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas dos Santos Soares
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leony Morgana Galliano
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Tainá Silveira Alano
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Medical graduate program, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS/HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- LADD Lab, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Wu JY, Yang JL, Hu JL, Xu S, Zhang XJ, Qian SY, Chen ML, Ali MA, Zhang J, Zha Z, Zheng GQ. Reporting quality and risk of bias of randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine for multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1429895. [PMID: 39229262 PMCID: PMC11369894 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-traumatic disabling disease affecting young adults. A definitive curative treatment is currently unavailable. Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on MS. Because of the uncertain quality of these RCTs, the recommendations for routine use of CHM for MS remain inconclusive. The comprehensive evaluation of the quality of RCTs of CHM for MS is urgent. Methods Nine databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Sinomed, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP Database, were searched from inception to September 2023. RCTs comparing CHM with placebo or pharmacological interventions for MS were considered eligible. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and its extension for CHM formulas (CONSORT-CHM Formulas) checklists were used to evaluate the reporting quality of RCTs. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The selection criteria of high-frequency herbs for MS were those with cumulative frequency over 50% among the top-ranked herbs. Results A total of 25 RCTs were included. In the included RCTs, 33% of the CONSORT items and 21% of the CONSORT-CHM Formulas items were reported. Eligibility title, sample size calculation, allocation concealment, randomized implementation, and blinded description in CONSORT core items were reported by less than 5% of trials. For the CONSORT-CHM Formulas, the source and authentication method of each CHM ingredient was particularly poorly reported. Most studies classified the risk of bias as "unclear" due to insufficient information. The top five most frequently used herbs were, in order, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Rehmanniae Recens, Herba Epimedii, Scorpio, and Poria. No serious adverse effect had been reported. Conclusions The low reporting of CONSORT items and the unclear risk of bias indicate the inadequate quality of RCTs in terms of reporting completeness and result validity. The CONSORT-CHM Formulas appropriately consider the unique characteristics of CHM, including principles, formulas, and Chinese medicinal substances. To improve the quality of RCTs on CHM for MS, researchers should adhere more closely to CONSORT-CHM Formulas guidelines and ensure comprehensive disclosure of all study design elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Li Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ling Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yan Qian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Min-Li Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mahad Abdulkadir Ali
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zha
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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12
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Chen J, Deng G, Liu H, Xue Q, Cai Y, Wang J, Xu S, Zhou X, Wang J. Assessment of Quality of Reporting in Randomized Controlled Trials of Moxibustion for Chronic Diseases Using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Moxibustion Statements. Complement Med Res 2024; 31:438-448. [PMID: 39116842 DOI: 10.1159/000540641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moxibustion is clinically used for treating various chronic diseases; however, the reporting quality of current published RCTs of moxibustion is unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the reporting quality of RCTs focusing on moxibustion as a treatment for chronic diseases. METHODS Seven databases were searched to identify relevant RCTs. Criteria for evaluating the reporting quality of standard RCT elements and moxibustion intervention-related information were developed based on the CONSORT statement and its STRICTOM extension, respectively. Multivariate regression models were used to investigate factors impacting reporting quality. RESULTS A total of 310 RCTs were included, with 41 (7.6%) published in English journals and 269 (92.4%) in Chinese journals. The median CONSORT and STRICTOM scores of these RCTs, with a maximum score of 100, were 41.2 and 62.9, respectively. RCTs with a later publication year and protocol registration or ethical approval exhibited significantly higher CONSORT and STRICTOM scores. Higher CONSORT scores were also significantly associated with English language publication, funding support, and inclusion of a safety evaluation, while higher STRICTOM scores were additionally associated with an active control design. CONCLUSION The reporting quality of RCTs focusing on moxibustion treatment for chronic diseases is subpar, with gradual but limited improvement over the last 25 years. To enhance the reporting quality of moxibustion RCTs, researchers should develop a comprehensive study protocol and standardize result reporting based on CONSORT and STRICTOM statements. Registration platforms, ethical approval organizations, funders, and journals can also contribute to this improvement by bolstering structured information reporting in the review process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guihua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuyun Xue
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaojun Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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13
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Cheng B, Loeschnik E, Selemon A, Hosseini R, Yuan J, Ware H, Ma X, Cao C, Bergeri I, Subissi L, Lewis H, Williamson T, Ronksley P, Arora R, Whelan M, Bobrovitz N. Adherence of SARS-CoV-2 Seroepidemiologic Studies to the ROSES-S Reporting Guideline During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2024; 18:e13283. [PMID: 39053893 PMCID: PMC11272216 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete reporting of seroepidemiologic studies is critical to their utility in evidence synthesis and public health decision making. The Reporting of Seroepidemiologic studies-SARS-CoV-2 (ROSES-S) guideline is a checklist that aims to improve reporting in SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic studies. Adherence to the ROSES-S guideline has not yet been evaluated. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the completeness of SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic study reporting by the ROSES-S guideline during the COVID-19 pandemic, determine whether guideline publication was associated with reporting completeness, and identify study characteristics associated with reporting completeness. METHODS A random sample from the SeroTracker living systematic review database was evaluated. For each reporting item in the guideline, the percentage of studies that were adherent was calculated, as well as median and interquartile range (IQR) adherence across all items and by item domain. Beta regression analyses were used to evaluate predictors of adherence to ROSES-S. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-nine studies were analyzed. Median adherence was 48.1% (IQR 40.0%-55.2%) per study, with overall adherence ranging from 8.8% to 72.7%. The laboratory methods domain had the lowest median adherence (33.3% [IQR 25.0%-41.7%]). The discussion domain had the highest median adherence (75.0% [IQR 50.0%-100.0%]). Reporting adherence to ROSES-S before and after guideline publication did not significantly change. Publication source (p < 0.001), study risk of bias (p = 0.001), and sampling method (p = 0.004) were significantly associated with adherence. CONCLUSIONS Completeness of reporting in SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiologic studies was suboptimal. Publication of the ROSES-S guideline was not associated with changes in reporting practices. Authors should improve adherence to the ROSES-S guideline with support from stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cheng
- Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Emma Loeschnik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Anabel Selemon
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Jane Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Harriet Ware
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Xiaomeng Ma
- Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Christian Cao
- Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Isabel Bergeri
- Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness, Health Emergencies ProgrammeWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Lorenzo Subissi
- Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness, Health Emergencies ProgrammeWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Hannah C. Lewis
- Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness, Health Emergencies ProgrammeWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Tyler Williamson
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Paul Ronksley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Rahul K. Arora
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Mairead Whelan
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Niklas Bobrovitz
- Centre for Health Informatics, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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14
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Jalloh MB, Bot VA, Borjaille CZ, Thabane L, Li G, Butler J, Zannad F, Granger CB, Van Spall HGC. Reporting quality of heart failure randomized controlled trials 2000-2020: Temporal trends in adherence to CONSORT criteria. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1369-1380. [PMID: 38623814 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) inform HF policy and practice, but the accurate interpretation of results is contingent on clear and transparent reporting. The CONsolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement serves as a guide to RCT reporting. We evaluated the quality of reporting in HF RCTs in high-impact journals by assessing their adherence to CONSORT. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL for HF RCTs published in high-impact journals 2000-2020. We assessed the proportion of CONSORT criteria that individual HF RCTs adhered to, and used the Jonckheere-Terpstra test to examine temporal trends in adherence. Multivariable linear regression explored the association between trial characteristics and adherence to CONSORT. Primary analysis assessed adherence to CONSORT 2010 update. A sensitivity analysis assessed adherence to the original (1996) CONSORT criteria. Among 221 RCTs analysed, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) adherence was suboptimal overall (mean [SD] adherence 69.7 [11.5]%) (5513/7913 criteria), with a temporal increase in adherence over the 20-year period (p < 0.001). Factors associated with adherence included publication after versus during/before 2010 (β = 10.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.64-12.70; p < 0.001); two-group parallel individual-level randomization versus other (including multi-group or cluster randomization) (β = 5.81, 95% CI 2.88-8.73; p < 0.001); and multicentre versus single-centre trials (β = 7.26, 95% CI 3.25-11.27; p < 0.001). There was no difference in trial adherence to the updated CONSORT (2010) versus the original (1996) CONSORT criteria, and temporal trends in adherence to both sets of criteria were similar, likely due to overlap between the two sets of criteria. Trials with greater adherence to CONSORT were published in higher impact factor journals, with a positive correlation (r = 0.312; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The quality of reporting in HF RCTs, as measured by CONSORT adherence, has improved over time but remains suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed B Jalloh
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Veronica A Bot
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Research Institute of St. Joseph's, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Guowei Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Nancy, France
| | | | - Harriette G C Van Spall
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Research Institute of St. Joseph's, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Wang L, Kang Y, Wei L, Li M, Wang T. Can The Pitch Dimension Influence the Physical Fitness Adaptations Induced by Small-Sided Training Programs Added to Regular In-Field Training? A Randomized Controlled Study in Youth Soccer Players. J Sports Sci Med 2024; 23:487-494. [PMID: 38841646 PMCID: PMC11149068 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Small-sided games (SSGs) are frequently utilized in training settings to elicit specific stimuli that can promote physical fitness adaptations over time. However, various task constraints, such as pitch dimensions, can significantly influence both the acute external and internal load responses. Thus, understanding the impact of different pitch dimensions on physical fitness adaptations is crucial. This study sought to compare the physical adaptations induced by an SSG-based program utilizing more elongated pitches (SSGlw2; length-to-width ratio: 2.0) versus less elongated pitches (SSGwl1; length-to-width ratio: 1.0) on the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT), and 30-meter sprint. This study employed a randomized controlled design. Forty-eight male soccer players (16.4 ± 0.6 years) participated. These players were randomly allocated to two experimental groups (N = 16, SSGlw1; N = 16, SSGlw2) and underwent two weekly additional training sessions over an 8-week period, while a group of 16 players continued with their regular in-field sessions as a control group. Evaluations were conducted before and after the intervention period. Significant interactions time u group were observed in regards YYIRT (F = 15.857; p < 0.001; = 0.413) and 30-m sprint test (p < 0.001). Between-group differences on YYIRT were found in post-intervention (p < 0.001), on which SSGlw2 (p < 0.001) and SSGlw1 (p < 0.001) were significantly greater in comparison to control group. Additionally, between-group differences on 30-m sprint were found in post-intervention (p < 0.001), on which SSGlw2 was significantly better than SSGlw1 (p < 0.001) and control group (p < 0.001). Coaches are advised to prioritize the use of more elongated pitch sizes to promote adaptations in sprint performance, while still acknowledging that aerobic capacity improvements remain significant compared to other pitch shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Geely University of China, Chengdu, China
| | - YuHua Kang
- Chengdu Dongchenggen Primary school, Chengdu, China
| | - LiXin Wei
- Geely University of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Tao Wang
- Geely University of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Abdin A, Kulenthiran S. Improvements in quality of heart failure randomized controlled trials: Progress and persisting challenges! Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1381-1382. [PMID: 38726704 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amr Abdin
- Internal Medicine Clinic III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Saarraaken Kulenthiran
- Internal Medicine Clinic III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
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Knop MR, Nagashima-Hayashi M, Lin R, Saing CH, Ung M, Oy S, Yam ELY, Zahari M, Yi S. Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMC Med 2024; 22:196. [PMID: 38750486 PMCID: PMC11095039 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have been harnessed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to address the intricate challenges confronting maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH). This review aspires to scrutinize the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on MNCH outcomes during the pivotal first 1000 days of life, encompassing the period from conception through pregnancy, childbirth, and post-delivery, up to the age of 2 years. METHODS A comprehensive search was systematically conducted in May 2022 across databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL), Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Trip Pro, to unearth peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2022. The inclusion criteria consisted of (i) mHealth interventions directed at MNCH; (ii) study designs, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), RCT variations, quasi-experimental designs, controlled before-and-after studies, or interrupted time series studies); (iii) reports of outcomes pertinent to the first 1000 days concept; and (iv) inclusion of participants from LMICs. Each study was screened for quality in alignment with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Joanne Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The included articles were then analyzed and categorized into 12 mHealth functions and outcome domain categories (antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care), followed by forest plot comparisons of effect measures. RESULTS From the initial pool of 7119 articles, we included 131 in this review, comprising 56 RCTs, 38 cluster-RCTs, and 37 quasi-experimental studies. Notably, 62% of these articles exhibited a moderate or high risk of bias. Promisingly, mHealth strategies, such as dispatching text message reminders to women and equipping healthcare providers with digital planning and scheduling tools, exhibited the capacity to augment antenatal clinic attendance and enhance the punctuality of child immunization. However, findings regarding facility-based delivery, child immunization attendance, and infant feeding practices were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that mHealth interventions can improve antenatal care attendance and child immunization timeliness in LMICs. However, their impact on facility-based delivery and infant feeding practices varies. Nevertheless, the potential of mHealth to enhance MNCH services in resource-limited settings is promising. More context-specific implementation studies with rigorous evaluations are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Ravn Knop
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michiko Nagashima-Hayashi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruixi Lin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chan Hang Saing
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mengieng Ung
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sreymom Oy
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esabelle Lo Yan Yam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marina Zahari
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siyan Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
- KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
- Public Health Program, College of Education and Health Sciences, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA.
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Junges M, Hansel LA, Santos MS, Hirakata VN, Nascimento Ceratti RD, Czerwinski GPV, Saffi MAL, Ferro EB, Jacobsen DV, Rabelo-Silva ER. Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Venipuncture Decreases the Procedure's Pain and Positively Impacts Patient's Experience: The PRECISE Randomized Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2024; 47:190-199. [PMID: 38744244 DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare patients' experience of pain during ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral venipuncture versus conventional peripheral venipuncture. This randomized clinical trial was conducted at a public university hospital in 2021. Adult patients with indication for intravenous therapy compatible with peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) were included: intervention group (IG), US peripheral venipuncture executed by specialist nurses; control group (CG), conventional peripheral venipuncture executed by clinical practice nurses. The primary outcome was patient experience of pain during the procedure and patient experience related to the PIVC placement method. Sixty-four patients were included, 32 for each group. The pain experienced was none-to-mild in the IG for 25 patients (78.1%) and moderate-to-severe in the CG for 21 patients (65.7%; P < .001). The overall pain rating was 2 (1-3) in the IG and 4 (3-6) in the CG (P < .001). The recommendation of the procedure in IG (net promoter score [NPS] + 90.6%) versus CG (NPS + 18.8%) was considered excellent and good, respectively (P < .001). Patients had less pain and significantly recommended the US-guided procedure. Patient experience with US-guided PIVC, performed by a specialist nurse, was superior to that of conventional peripheral venipuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Junges
- Author Affiliations: Nursing School, Graduate Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Junges, Hansel, Ceratti, Czerwinski, and Rabelo-Silva); Vascular Access Program at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Junges, Hansel, Santos, Ceratti, Czerwinski, Ferro, Jacobsen, and Rabelo-Silva); Biostatistics Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Hirakata); and Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Saffi and Rabelo-Silva)
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Palapar L, Blom JW, Wilkinson-Meyers L, Lumley T, Kerse N. Preventive interventions to improve older people's health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Gen Pract 2024; 74:e208-e218. [PMID: 38499364 PMCID: PMC10962503 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2023.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic reviews of preventive, non-disease-specific primary care trials for older people often report effects according to what is thought to be the intervention's active ingredient. AIM To examine the effectiveness of preventive primary care interventions for older people and to identify common components that contribute to intervention success. DESIGN AND SETTING A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in 22 publications from 2009 to 2019. METHOD A search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were: sample mainly aged ≥65 years; delivered in primary care; and non-disease-specific interventions. Exclusion criteria were: non-RCTs; primarily pharmacological or psychological interventions; and where outcomes of interest were not reported. Risk of bias was assessed using the original Cochrane tool. Outcomes examined were healthcare use including admissions to hospital and aged residential care (ARC), and patient-reported outcomes including activities of daily living (ADLs) and self-rated health (SRH). RESULTS Many studies had a mix of patient-, provider-, and practice-focused intervention components (13 of 18 studies). Studies included in the review had low-to-moderate risk of bias. Interventions had no overall benefit to healthcare use (including admissions to hospital and ARC) but higher basic ADL scores were observed (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01 to 0.40) and higher odds of reporting positive SRH (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.37). When intervention effects were examined by components, better patient-reported outcomes were observed in studies that changed the care setting (SMD for basic ADLs 0.21, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.40; OR for positive SRH 1.17, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.37), included educational components for health professionals (SMD for basic ADLs 0.21, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.40; OR for positive SRH 1.27, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.55), and provided patient education (SMD for basic ADLs 0.28, 95% CI = 0.09 to 0.48). Additionally, admissions to hospital in intervention participants were fewer by 23% in studies that changed the care setting (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.77, 95% CI = 0.63 to 0.95) and by 26% in studies that provided patient education (IRR 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56 to 0.97). CONCLUSION Preventive primary care interventions are beneficial to older people's functional ability and SRH but not other outcomes. To improve primary care for older people, future programmes should consider delivering care in alternative settings, for example, home visits and phone contacts, and providing education to patients and health professionals as these may contribute to positive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Palapar
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeanet W Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Jiang L, Lan M, Menke JD, Vorland CJ, Kilicoglu H. CONSORT-TM: Text classification models for assessing the completeness of randomized controlled trial publications. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.31.24305138. [PMID: 38633775 PMCID: PMC11023672 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.31.24305138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective To develop text classification models for determining whether the checklist items in the CONSORT reporting guidelines are reported in randomized controlled trial publications. Materials and Methods Using a corpus annotated at the sentence level with 37 fine-grained CONSORT items, we trained several sentence classification models (PubMedBERT fine-tuning, BioGPT fine-tuning, and in-context learning with GPT-4) and compared their performance. To address the problem of small training dataset, we used several data augmentation methods (EDA, UMLS-EDA, text generation and rephrasing with GPT-4) and assessed their impact on the fine-tuned PubMedBERT model. We also fine-tuned PubMedBERT models limited to checklist items associated with specific sections (e.g., Methods) to evaluate whether such models could improve performance compared to the single full model. We performed 5-fold cross-validation and report precision, recall, F1 score, and area under curve (AUC). Results Fine-tuned PubMedBERT model that takes as input the sentence and the surrounding sentence representations and uses section headers yielded the best overall performance (0.71 micro-F1, 0.64 macro-F1). Data augmentation had limited positive effect, UMLS-EDA yielding slightly better results than data augmentation using GPT-4. BioGPT fine-tuning and GPT-4 in-context learning exhibited suboptimal results. Methods-specific model yielded higher performance for methodology items, other section-specific models did not have significant impact. Conclusion Most CONSORT checklist items can be recognized reasonably well with the fine-tuned PubMedBERT model but there is room for improvement. Improved models can underpin the journal editorial workflows and CONSORT adherence checks and can help authors in improving the reporting quality and completeness of their manuscripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Mengfei Lan
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Joe D. Menke
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Colby J Vorland
- Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Halil Kilicoglu
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Yen KY, Cheng JY, Li JQ, Toh ZA, He HG. The effectiveness of digital psychosocial interventions on psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life in patients with gynaecological cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:240. [PMID: 38512538 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with gynaecological cancer often experience psychological issues due to multiple stressors. Psychological disturbances have debilitating effects on patients with gynaecological cancer. In recent decades, digital psychosocial interventions have rapidly advanced and been incorporated into mental health interventions. Digital psychosocial interventions could provide patients with several benefits over traditional in-person interventions, including convenience, anonymity, flexible scheduling, and geographic mobility. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the effectiveness of digital psychosocial intervention in reducing psychological distress, depression, and anxiety and improving health-related quality of life in patients with gynaecological cancer. METHODS Three-step extensive search was performed on 22 December 2022 from nine bibliographic databases, trial registries and grey literature. Experimental studies involving patients with gynaecological cancer utilizing digital psychosocial interventions for the improvement of mental health outcomes were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Heterogeneity was analysed by Cochran's Q test and I2. Subgroup analyses were attempted to evaluate relative effect sizes of subgroup features. RESULTS Meta-analysis of nine studies revealed small effect size in reduction of depression post-intervention (d = 0.24, 95% CI - 0.46 to - 0.02) and medium effect size in reduction of psychological distress post-intervention (d = 0.51, 95% CI - 0.81 to - 0.21) and follow-up (d = 0.65, 95% CI - 1.25 to - 0.05) compared to the control group. The effects of digital psychosocial interventions on anxiety and health-related quality of life were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Digital psychosocial interventions probably reduced psychological distress and slightly reduced depression amongst patients with gynaecological cancer compared to the control group, which can be integrated into clinical practice. Additional trials with rigorous methodology and bigger sample sizes are needed to validate findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42023389502).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yoong Yen
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Bock MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jing Ying Cheng
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Bock MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jin-Qiu Li
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Bock MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Department of Nursing, Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng An Toh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Bock MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Division of Nursing, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Gu He
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Bock MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
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Medina-Aedo M, Segura-Carrillo C, Torralba-Martinez E, Buitrago-García D, Solà I, Pardo-Hernandez H, Bonfill X. Randomized controlled trials in nursing conducted by Latin American research teams: A scoping review. J Nurs Scholarsh 2024; 56:331-340. [PMID: 37965861 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the cornerstone of systematic reviews and other evidence synthesis. RCT identification remains challenging because of limitations in their indexation in major databases and potential language bias. Scientific production in Latin American nursing is steadily increasing, but little is known about its design or main features. We aimed to identify the extent of evidence from RCTs in nursing conducted by Latin American research teams and evaluate their main characteristics, including potential risk of bias. DESIGN Scoping review with risk of bias assessment. METHODS We conducted a scoping review including a comprehensive electronic search in five relevant databases. We completed a descriptive data analysis and a risk of bias assessment of eligible studies using Cochrane's guidance. RESULTS We identified 1784 references of which 47 were RCTs published in 40 journals. Twenty (42.6%) RCTs were published in journals in English. Chronic diseases were the most common health conditions studied (29.7%). Fifteen (31.9%) RCTs had a high risk of bias. Thirty (75%) journals were included in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) catalog and 5 (16.7%) were journals classified under nursing category. Twenty-one (52.5%) journals explicitly required CONSORT checklist recommendations for RCTs reporting. CONCLUSION Publication of RCTs in nursing by Latin American authors has increased. Most journals where RCTs are published are in English and not specific to nursing. Searches in journals of other disciplines may be necessary to facilitate identification of RCTs in nursing. CONSORT statements need to be actively promoted to facilitate rigorous methodology and reporting of RCTs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study highlights the need for an increased research focus on RCTs in nursing in Latin America, and the importance of enhancing the reporting quality of these studies to support evidence-based nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melixa Medina-Aedo
- Department of Paediatrics Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Segura-Carrillo
- Departamento de Trabajo Social, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Torralba-Martinez
- Department of Paediatrics Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Buitrago-García
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ivan Solà
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector Pardo-Hernandez
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Bonfill
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang YL, Mao JJ, Li QS, Weitzman M, Liou KT. Battlefield acupuncture for chronic musculoskeletal pain in cancer survivors: a novel care delivery model for oncology acupuncture. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1279420. [PMID: 38116187 PMCID: PMC10728598 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1279420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA), a standardized auricular acupuncture protocol, is widely used for pain in the military but is not well-studied in oncology. This study examined cancer survivors who received BFA for pain. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a randomized trial that compared the effectiveness of BFA and electroacupuncture vs. usual care for chronic musculoskeletal pain in cancer survivors. This study focused on participants randomized to BFA. Participants received 10 weekly treatments. Needles were placed until one of these stop conditions were satisfied: ten needles were administered; pain severity decreased to ≤1 out of 10; patient declined further needling, or vasovagal reaction was observed. Pain severity was assessed using Brief Pain Inventory. Responders were those with ≥30% pain severity reduction. We examined pain location, BFA stop reason, and pain reduction of participants during the first session. We also examined which factors predicted responder status after the first session (week 1) or the full treatment (week 12). Results Among 143 randomized to BFA, most common pain locations were lower back (30.8%) and knee/leg (18.2%). Of 138 who initiated treatment, 41 (30.0%) received ten needles; 81 (59.1%) achieved pain ≤1; 14 (10.2%) declined further needling; and 1 (0.7%) had vasovagal reaction. BFA reduced pain severity by 2.9 points (95% CI 2.6 to 3.2) after the first session (P < 0.001). After adjusting for baseline pain severity, responders at week 1 were 2.5 times more likely to be responders at week 12, compared to those who were non-responders at week 1 (AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.02 to 6.11, P = 0.04). Among those who achieved pain ≤1, 74% were responders at week 12, a higher proportion compared to the proportion of responders among those who received ten needles (39.5%), those who declined further needling (50%), and those with vasovagal reaction (0.0%) (P = 0.001). Those with pain in proximal joints had a higher proportion of responders at week 12, compared to those with pain in distal joints (64.2% vs. 20%, P = 0.008). Conclusion Specific factors may predict the likelihood of achieving meaningful pain reduction from BFA. Understanding these predictors could inform precision pain management and acupuncture delivery models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kevin T. Liou
- Integrative Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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24
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Valdés-Badilla P, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Hernandez-Martinez J, Núñez-Espinosa C, Delgado-Floody P, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Branco BHM, Zapata-Bastias J, Nobari H. Effectiveness of elastic band training and group-based dance on physical-functional performance in older women with sarcopenia: a pilot study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2113. [PMID: 37891589 PMCID: PMC10604857 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a syndrome associated with aging that causes progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. In this pilot study, we compared the effectiveness of elastic band training regarding group-based dance on fat mass, fat-free mass, handgrip strength (HGS; dominant and non-dominant hand), leg strength, timed up-and-go (TUG) and walking speed in older women with sarcopenia. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial, single-blind, repeated measures of parallel groups (elastic band group: EBG, n = 21; group-based dance: GBD, n = 19), and a quantitative methodology. Three 60-minute sessions per week for 12 weeks were dedicated to the interventions with pre- and post-assessments. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to measure the group×time effect. RESULTS A significant interaction revealed for fat-free mass (F1,16= 18.91; p < 0.001; EBG + 10.9% vs. GBD - 1.97%), HGS dominant hand (F1,16= 7.44; p = 0.014; EBG + 10.9% vs. GBD + 0.59%), HGS non-dominant hand (F1,16= 6.41; p = 0.022; EBG + 10.21% vs. GBD + 3.80%), leg strength (F1,16= 17.98; p < 0.001; EBG + 9.1% vs. GBD + 3.83%), TUG (F1,16= 7.52; p = 0.014; EBG - 14.7% vs. GBD - 1.0%) and walking speed (F1,16 = 6.40; p = 0.019; EBG - 7.6% vs. GBD - 4.35%) in favor of EBG. CONCLUSION Elastic band training produces significantly greater responses on physical-functional performance regarding group-based dance in older women with sarcopenia. On the other hand, the EBG revealed a significant improvement in fat-free mass and upper and lower limb muscle strength, as well as a significant decrease time in TUG, and walking speed. Elastic band exercise is a safe, easy, affordable, and effective physical activity strategy, according to the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, 3530000, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, 2520000, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, 3460000, Chile
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Jordan Hernandez-Martinez
- Programa de Investigación en Deporte, Sociedad y Buen Vivir, Universidad de los Lagos, Osorno, 5290000, Chile
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, 5290000, Chile
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
- Centro Asistencial Docente e Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile
- Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain
| | - Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, 8370003, Chile
| | | | - José Zapata-Bastias
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, 2520000, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Valdés-Badilla P, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Branco BHM, Hernandez-Martinez J, Nobari H. Impact of adapted taekwondo vs. multicomponent training on health status in independent older women: a randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1236402. [PMID: 37886049 PMCID: PMC10598459 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1236402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study, called the TKD and Aging Project, aimed to analyze and compare the effects of an adapted taekwondo program concerning multicomponent training on blood pressure, morphological variables, food consumption frequency, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical fitness, handgrip strength, and postural balance in independent older women. A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with parallel groups for 8 weeks (24 sessions of 60 min each), employing a double-blind design and incorporating repeated measures. Twenty-eight older women initially participated in the intervention. Three participants were excluded because they did not participate in the re-assessments. Thus, 14 older women from the adapted taekwondo group (TKD; age: 62.86 ± 2.38 years) and 11 from the multicomponent training group (MCT; age: 63.18 ± 1.94 years) participated in the final analysis. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to measure the time × group effect. The TKD showed significant improvements in the mental health (p = 0.024; ES = 0.91) and general health (p < 0.001; ES = 0.75) dimensions of the HRQoL, as well as in the chair stand (p = 0.001; ES = 1.18), arm curl (p < 0.001; ES = 2.10), 2-min step (p < 0.001; ES = 1.73), and chair sit-and-reach (p = 0.001; ES = 0.91) tests. Additionally, it showed a significant reduction in postural balance for the eyes-closed condition in the center of the pressure area (p = 0.021; ES = 0.89), mean velocity (p = 0.004; ES = 0.79), and mediolateral velocity (p < 0.001; ES = 1.26). However, the MCT showed significant increases in the general health (p = 0.013; ES = 0.95) dimension of the HRQoL and a significant reduction (p = 0.039; ES = 0.28) in the mediolateral velocity of postural balance for the eyes-closed condition. Multiple comparisons showed that the TKD scored significantly higher in the chair stand (p = 0.017; ES = 1.79), arm curl (p = 0.003; ES = 1.77), and 2-min step (p = 0.018; ES = 0.91) tests than the MCT. Compared to multicomponent training, taekwondo improves postural balance and provides better benefits in terms of physical fitness and HRQoL for older women. Therefore, it is possible to recommend it as a safe physical activity strategy, as long as it is well-dosed, since it showed high adherence to intervention in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jordan Hernandez-Martinez
- Programa de Investigación en Deporte, Sociedad y Buen Vivir, Universidad de los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Demetriades AK, Tiefenbach J, Park JJ, Anwar MM, Raza SM. What is the quality of reporting in randomized controlled trials in spinal conditions. JOURNAL OF CRANIOVERTEBRAL JUNCTION AND SPINE 2023; 14:404-411. [PMID: 38268696 PMCID: PMC10805167 DOI: 10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_121_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Substandard quality across published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is a major concern. Imperfect reporting has the potential to distort the evidence landscape and waste valuable health-care resources. In this study, we aim to assess the current quality of reporting in the field of spine using a modified version of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist. Materials and Methods A list of published RCTs in the field of spine disease from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020, was built. Two reviewers scored the published RCTs against a modified CONSORT checklist. The mean adjusted CONSORT scores for each study, reporting category, and checklist item were calculated. Results The mean and median scores across all of the RCTs were 0.72 and 0.74 out of 1.00, respectively. The spectrum of scores was wide, ranging from 0.45 to 0.94. The reporting categories with the lowest score included randomization, blinding, and abstract. The items which were most under-reported included allocation sequence generation, type of randomization used, full trial protocol details, and abstract methodology. The inter-rater reliability between our reviewers was substantial (κ = 0.7, κ = 0.71). Conclusion Our findings correlate with only a moderate level of compliance to the CONSORT criteria on the quality of reporting for RCTs in spinal conditions. This is in line with previous reports on compliance, both within and outside the field of spinal conditions. Further continued and sustained efforts are still required to enhance the quality and consistency of RCT reporting, ultimately reducing health-care resource wastage and improving patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K. Demetriades
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Spinal Surgery Outcomes Studies Group, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jakov Tiefenbach
- Edinburgh Spinal Surgery Outcomes Studies Group, Edinburgh, UK
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Jay J. Park
- Edinburgh Spinal Surgery Outcomes Studies Group, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Vladislavic NZ, Vladislavic J, Franic I, Tadin A. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes in buccal mucosal cells: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6245-6259. [PMID: 37704916 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of commercially available toothpastes with the different whitening ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes with different ingredients using a buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt assay) comprised 199 participants randomly divided into ten groups based on used whitening or control/conventional toothpaste. The exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were collected, stained, and microscopically evaluated at baseline (T0), 30 days (T1), and 60 days (T2) after the beginning of treatment and 30 days after completing treatment (T3). Statistical evaluation was performed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA), Tukey's test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The genotoxic parameters showed no biologically significant changes in any of the observed period for the tested toothpastes, while cytotoxic parameters (number of cells with karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) among evaluation periods for the three peroxide-containing toothpastes. CONCLUSIONS Peroxide-containing whitening toothpastes exhibit an increase in certain cytotoxic parameters only during the application period, which return to control values after the cessation of application. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Whitening toothpastes show no genotoxic effect, while peroxide-containing whitening toothpastes may present significant increase of cytotoxicity (measured by the number of karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) during the application period. However, these changes observed in clinical conditions cannot be considered significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04460755.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasen Vladislavic
- Department of Pulmonology, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Franic
- 5Th Gymnasium "Vladimir Nazor" Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Antonija Tadin
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
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Hansford HJ, Cashin AG, Jones MD, Swanson SA, Islam N, Douglas SRG, Rizzo RRN, Devonshire JJ, Williams SA, Dahabreh IJ, Dickerman BA, Egger M, Garcia-Albeniz X, Golub RM, Lodi S, Moreno-Betancur M, Pearson SA, Schneeweiss S, Sterne JAC, Sharp MK, Stuart EA, Hernán MA, Lee H, McAuley JH. Reporting of Observational Studies Explicitly Aiming to Emulate Randomized Trials: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2336023. [PMID: 37755828 PMCID: PMC10534275 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Observational (nonexperimental) studies that aim to emulate a randomized trial (ie, the target trial) are increasingly informing medical and policy decision-making, but it is unclear how these studies are reported in the literature. Consistent reporting is essential for quality appraisal, evidence synthesis, and translation of evidence to policy and practice. Objective To assess the reporting of observational studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial. Evidence Review We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for observational studies published between March 2012 and October 2022 that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial of a health or medical intervention. Two reviewers double-screened and -extracted data on study characteristics, key predefined components of the target trial protocol and its emulation (eligibility criteria, treatment strategies, treatment assignment, outcome[s], follow-up, causal contrast[s], and analysis plan), and other items related to the target trial emulation. Findings A total of 200 studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial were included. These studies included 26 subfields of medicine, and 168 (84%) were published from January 2020 to October 2022. The aim to emulate a target trial was explicit in 70 study titles (35%). Forty-three studies (22%) reported use of a published reporting guideline (eg, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). Eighty-five studies (43%) did not describe all key items of how the target trial was emulated and 113 (57%) did not describe the protocol of the target trial and its emulation. Conclusion and Relevance In this systematic review of 200 studies that explicitly aimed to emulate a target trial, reporting of how the target trial was emulated was inconsistent. A reporting guideline for studies explicitly aiming to emulate a target trial may improve the reporting of the target trial protocols and other aspects of these emulation attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison J. Hansford
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aidan G. Cashin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Jones
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonja A. Swanson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- CAUSALab, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Oxford Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Susan R. G. Douglas
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodrigo R. N. Rizzo
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jack J. Devonshire
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sam A. Williams
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Issa J. Dahabreh
- CAUSALab, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbra A. Dickerman
- CAUSALab, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Xabier Garcia-Albeniz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- RTI Health Solutions, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert M. Golub
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sara Lodi
- CAUSALab, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sallie-Anne Pearson
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sebastian Schneeweiss
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan A. C. Sterne
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK South-West, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa K. Sharp
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth A. Stuart
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Miguel A. Hernán
- CAUSALab, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hopin Lee
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - James H. McAuley
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
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Cabral AC, Lavrador M, Castel-Branco M, Figueiredo IV, Fernandez-Llimos F. Development and validation of a Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire: the MAUQ. Int J Clin Pharm 2023; 45:999-1006. [PMID: 37329432 PMCID: PMC10366321 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different questionnaires assess self-reported medication adherence and others quantify aspects of patients attitudes towards medication, but not together in a single instrument. Gathering these two aspects in a single instrument could reduce patients survey burden. AIM The aim of this study was to develop the Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire (MAUQ) using the Maastricht Utrecht Adherence in Hypertension short version (MUAH-16) factorial structure as the hypothesized model. METHOD A multistep process started with the modification of the MUAH-16 to obtain the MAUQ. Patients using at least one antihypertensive medicine were recruited. The two questionnaires, the MUAH-16 and MAUQ, were applied. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using the initial MUAH-16 s-order 4-factor model. An additional bifactor model with four uncorrelated factors and an overall score was tested. The comparative fit index (CFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) with confidence intervals (CIs), and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) were used to assess both models. RESULTS A sample of 300 hypertensive patients completed the instruments. The CFA with the second-order 4-factor solution resulted in similar results for the MUAH-16 and MAUQ: CFIs of 0.934 and 0.930, RMSEAs of 0.043 [CI 0.030-0.056] and 0.045 [CI 0.031-0.057] and SRMRs of 0.060 and 0.061, respectively. The CFA with the bifactor model showed slightly better results for both the MUAH-16 and MAUQ: CFIs of 0.974 and 0.976, RMSEAs of 0.030 [CI 0.005-0.046] and 0.028 [CI 0.001-0.044], and SRMRs of 0.043 and 0.044, respectively. CONCLUSION CFA demonstrated that the MAUQ presented a better fit to both models than the MUAH-16, obtaining a robust universal free instrument to assess medicine-taking behaviour and four medicine beliefs components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Cabral
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Lavrador
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Castel-Branco
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Vitória Figueiredo
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Solovyeva O, Dimairo M, Weir CJ, Hee SW, Espinasse A, Ursino M, Patel D, Kightley A, Hughes S, Jaki T, Mander A, Evans TRJ, Lee S, Hopewell S, Rantell KR, Chan AW, Bedding A, Stephens R, Richards D, Roberts L, Kirkpatrick J, de Bono J, Yap C. Development of consensus-driven SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions for early phase dose-finding trials: the DEFINE study. BMC Med 2023; 21:246. [PMID: 37408015 PMCID: PMC10324137 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early phase dose-finding (EPDF) trials are crucial for the development of a new intervention and influence whether it should be investigated in further trials. Guidance exists for clinical trial protocols and completed trial reports in the SPIRIT and CONSORT guidelines, respectively. However, both guidelines and their extensions do not adequately address the characteristics of EPDF trials. Building on the SPIRIT and CONSORT checklists, the DEFINE study aims to develop international consensus-driven guidelines for EPDF trial protocols (SPIRIT-DEFINE) and reports (CONSORT-DEFINE). METHODS The initial generation of candidate items was informed by reviewing published EPDF trial reports. The early draft items were refined further through a review of the published and grey literature, analysis of real-world examples, citation and reference searches, and expert recommendations, followed by a two-round modified Delphi process. Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) was pursued concurrently with the quantitative and thematic analysis of Delphi participants' feedback. RESULTS The Delphi survey included 79 new or modified SPIRIT-DEFINE (n = 36) and CONSORT-DEFINE (n = 43) extension candidate items. In Round One, 206 interdisciplinary stakeholders from 24 countries voted and 151 stakeholders voted in Round Two. Following Round One feedback, one item for CONSORT-DEFINE was added in Round Two. Of the 80 items, 60 met the threshold for inclusion (≥ 70% of respondents voted critical: 26 SPIRIT-DEFINE, 34 CONSORT-DEFINE), with the remaining 20 items to be further discussed at the consensus meeting. The parallel PPIE work resulted in the development of an EPDF lay summary toolkit consisting of a template with guidance notes and an exemplar. CONCLUSIONS By detailing the development journey of the DEFINE study and the decisions undertaken, we envision that this will enhance understanding and help researchers in the development of future guidelines. The SPIRIT-DEFINE and CONSORT-DEFINE guidelines will allow investigators to effectively address essential items that should be present in EPDF trial protocols and reports, thereby promoting transparency, comprehensiveness, and reproducibility. TRIAL REGISTRATION SPIRIT-DEFINE and CONSORT-DEFINE are registered with the EQUATOR Network ( https://www.equator-network.org/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munyaradzi Dimairo
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher J Weir
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Siew Wan Hee
- University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Moreno Ursino
- Inserm, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
- HeKA, Inria Paris, 75015, Paris, France
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, AP-HP, CHU Robert Debré, CIC-EC 1426, Paris, France
- RECaP/F-CRIN, Inserm, 5400, Nancy, France
| | | | - Andrew Kightley
- Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) Lead, Lichfield, UK
| | | | - Thomas Jaki
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Shing Lee
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, USA
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - An-Wen Chan
- Department of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Johann de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Bergen P, Munro BA, Pang DSJ. Quality of reporting of prospective in vivo and ex vivo studies published in the Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care over a 10-year period (2009-2019). J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2023; 33:435-441. [PMID: 37436848 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reporting of key items associated with risk of bias and weak study design over a 10-year period. DESIGN Literature survey. SETTING Not applicable. ANIMALS Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS Papers published in the Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care between 2009 and 2019 were screened for inclusion. Inclusion criteria consisted of prospective experimental studies describing in vivo or ex vivo research (or both), containing at least 2 comparison groups. Identified papers had identifying information (publication date, volume and issue, authors, affiliations) redacted by an individual not involved with paper selection or review. Two reviewers independently reviewed all papers and applied an operationalized checklist to categorize item reporting as fully reported, partially reported, not reported, or not applicable. Items assessed included randomization, blinding, data handling (inclusions and exclusions), and sample size estimation. Differences in assessment between reviewers were resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. A secondary aim was to document availability of data used to generate study results. Papers were screened for links to access data in the text and supporting information. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS After screening, 109 papers were included. Eleven papers were excluded during full-text review, with 98 papers included in the final analysis. Randomization was fully reported in 31.6% of papers (31/98). Blinding was fully reported in 31.6% of papers (31/98). Inclusion criteria were fully reported in all papers. Exclusion criteria were fully reported in 60.2% of papers (59/98). Sample size estimation was fully reported in 8.0% of papers (6/75). No papers (0/99) made data freely available without a requirement to contact study authors. CONCLUSIONS There is substantial room for improvement in reporting of randomization, blinding, data exclusions, and sample size estimations. Evaluation of study quality by readers is limited by the low reporting levels identified, and the risk of bias present indicates a potential for inflated effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Bergen
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brittany A Munro
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel S J Pang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Rafati F, Pourshahrokhi N, Bahador RS, Dastyar N, Mehralizadeh A. The effect of mobile app-based self-care training on the quality of marital relations and the severity of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women: a clinical trial study in Iran. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:306. [PMID: 37308866 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Educational interventions for self-care are a necessary solution to help postmenopausal women properly deal with menopausal problems. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care training using an application on the quality of marital relations and the severity of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women in Iran. METHODS In this study, 60 postmenopausal women selected using the convenience sampling method were divided into two groups, intervention and control, using simple random allocation (lottery). The intervention group used the menopause self-care application for eight weeks in addition to routine care, but the control group only received the routine care. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the Perceived Relationship Quality Components (PRQC) questionnaire were completed in two stages, before and immediately after eight weeks, in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), descriptive (mean and standard deviation), and inferential (ANCOVA and Bonferroni post hoc) statistics. RESULTS The ANCOVA results showed that the use of the menopause self-care application decreased the severity of the participants' menopause symptoms (P = 0.001) and improved the quality of their marital relations (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Implementation of a self-care training program through the application helped improve the quality of marital relations and reduce the severity of postmenopausal women's symptoms, so it can be used as an effective method to prevent the unpleasant consequences of menopause. TRIAL REGISTRATION The present study was registered at https://fa.irct.ir/ on 2021-05-28 (registration number: IRCT20201226049833N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Foozieh Rafati
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | | | - Raziyeh Sadat Bahador
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Neda Dastyar
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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DeVito NJ. Increasing the Reporting Quality of Clinical Trials-No Easy Solutions? JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2317665. [PMID: 37294573 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.17665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J DeVito
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Starke F, Sikora A, Stegmann R, Knebel L, Buntrock C, de Rijk A, Houkes I, Szycik GR, Unger HP, Schumacher JO, Stark H, Hauth I, Holzapfel C, Borgolte A, Schneller C, Unterschemmann SL, Paetow W, Jung AL, Berking M, Zimmermann J, Wegewitz U. Evaluating a multimodal, clinical and work-directed intervention (RTW-PIA) to support sustainable return to work among employees with mental disorders: study protocol of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:380. [PMID: 37254157 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders (MDs) are one of the leading causes for workforce sickness absence and disability worldwide. The burden, costs and challenges are enormous for the individuals concerned, employers and society at large. Although most MDs are characterised by a high risk of relapse after treatment or by chronic courses, interventions that link medical-psychotherapeutic approaches with work-directed components to facilitate a sustainable return to work (RTW) are rare. This protocol describes the design of a study to evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness and implementation process of a multimodal, clinical and work-directed intervention, called RTW-PIA, aimed at employees with MDs to achieve sustainable RTW in Germany. METHODS The study consists of an effectiveness, a health-economic and a process evaluation, designed as a two-armed, multicentre, randomised controlled trial, conducted in German psychiatric outpatient clinics. Sick-listed employees with MDs will receive either the 18-month RTW-PIA treatment in conjunction with care as usual, or care as usual only. RTW-PIA consists of a face-to-face individual RTW support, RTW aftercare group meetings, and web-based aftercare. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after completion of baseline survey. The primary outcome is the employees´ achievement of sustainable RTW, defined as reporting less than six weeks of working days missed out due to sickness absence within 12 months after first RTW. Secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life, mental functioning, RTW self-efficacy, overall job satisfaction, severity of mental illness and work ability. The health-economic evaluation will be conducted from a societal and public health care perspective, as well as from the employer's perspective in a cost-benefit analysis. The design will be supplemented by a qualitative effect evaluation using pre- and post-interviews, and a multimethod process evaluation examining various predefined key process indicators from different stakeholder perspectives. DISCUSSION By applying a comprehensive, multimethodological evaluation design, this study captures various facets of RTW-PIA. In case of promising results for sustainable RTW, RTW-PIA may be integrated into standard care within German psychiatric outpatient clinics. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register ( DRKS00026232 , 1 September 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Starke
- Division 3 Work and Health, Unit 3.5 Evidence-based Occupational Health, Workplace Health Management, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, Berlin, 10317, Germany.
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexandra Sikora
- Division 3 Work and Health, Unit 3.5 Evidence-based Occupational Health, Workplace Health Management, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, Berlin, 10317, Germany
| | - Ralf Stegmann
- Division 3 Work and Health, Unit 3.5 Evidence-based Occupational Health, Workplace Health Management, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, Berlin, 10317, Germany
| | - Leonie Knebel
- Division 3 Work and Health, Unit 3.5 Evidence-based Occupational Health, Workplace Health Management, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, Berlin, 10317, Germany
| | - Claudia Buntrock
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg (OVGU), Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstr. 25a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angelique de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Houkes
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Gregor R Szycik
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Podbielskistr. 162, Hanover, OE7110, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Unger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Centre for Mental Health, Asklepios Clinic Harburg, Eißendorfer Pferdeweg 52, Hamburg, 21075, Germany
| | - Jan Ole Schumacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Centre for Mental Health, Asklepios Clinic Harburg, Eißendorfer Pferdeweg 52, Hamburg, 21075, Germany
| | - Heiko Stark
- Department of Psychiatry, Burghof-Clinic, Ritterstr. 19, 31737, Rinteln, Germany
| | - Iris Hauth
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Alexian St. Joseph-Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Gartenstr. 1, 13088, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Anna Borgolte
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Podbielskistr. 162, Hanover, OE7110, Germany
| | - Carlotta Schneller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Alexian St. Joseph-Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Gartenstr. 1, 13088, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wiebke Paetow
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Centre for Mental Health, Asklepios Clinic Harburg, Eißendorfer Pferdeweg 52, Hamburg, 21075, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Jung
- Clinic Wittgenstein, Sählingsstr. 60, 57319, Bad Berleburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Berking
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstr. 25a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Holländische Str. 36-38, 34127, Kassel, Germany
| | - Uta Wegewitz
- Division 3 Work and Health, Unit 3.5 Evidence-based Occupational Health, Workplace Health Management, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, Berlin, 10317, Germany
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Wang W, Liu M, He Q, Wang M, Xu J, Li L, Li G, He L, Zou K, Sun X. Data source profile reporting by studies that use routinely collected health data to explore the effects of drug treatment. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 37081410 PMCID: PMC10120171 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routinely collected health data (RCD) are important resource for exploring drug treatment effects. Adequate reporting of data source profiles may increase the credibility of evidence generated from these data. This study conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the reporting characteristics of databases used by RCD studies to explore the effects of drug treatment. METHODS Observational studies published in 2018 that used RCD to explore the effects of drug treatment were identified by searching PubMed. We categorized eligible reports into two groups by journal impact factor (IF), including the top 5 general medical journals (NEJM, Lancet, JAMA, BMJ and JAMA Internal Medicine) and the other journals. The reporting characteristics of the databases used were described and compared between the two groups and between studies citing and not citing database references. RESULTS A total of 222 studies were included, of which 53 (23.9%) reported that they applied data linkage, 202 (91.0%) reported the type of database, and 211 (95.0%) reported the coverage of the data source. Only 81 (36.5%) studies reported the timeframe of the database. Studies in high-impact journals were more likely to report that they applied data linkage (65.1% vs. 20.2%) and used electronic medical records (EMR) (73.7% vs. 30.0%) and national data sources (77.8% vs. 51.3%) than those published in other medical journals. There were 137/222 (61.7%) cited database references. Studies with database-specific citations had better reporting of the data sources and were more likely to publish in high-impact journals than those without (mean IF, 6.08 vs. 4.09). CONCLUSIONS Some deficits were found in the reporting quality of databases in studies that used RCD to explore the effects of drug treatment. Studies citing database-specific references may provide detailed information regarding data source characteristics. The adoption of reporting guidelines and education on their use is urgently needed to promote transparency by research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao He
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqi Wang
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Guowei Li
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
- Biostatistics Unit, Research Institute at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Lin He
- Intelligence Library Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang Zou
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center and Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China.
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data, Chengdu, China.
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Vita G, Compri B, Matcham F, Barbui C, Ostuzzi G. Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 3:CD011006. [PMID: 36999619 PMCID: PMC10065046 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011006.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression and other depressive conditions are common in people with cancer. These conditions are not easily detectable in clinical practice, due to the overlap between medical and psychiatric symptoms, as described by diagnostic manuals such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Moreover, it is particularly challenging to distinguish between pathological and normal reactions to such a severe illness. Depressive symptoms, even in subthreshold manifestations, have a negative impact in terms of quality of life, compliance with anticancer treatment, suicide risk and possibly the mortality rate for the cancer itself. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of antidepressants in this population are few and often report conflicting results. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of antidepressants for treating depressive symptoms in adults (aged 18 years or older) with cancer (any site and stage). SEARCH METHODS We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was November 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs comparing antidepressants versus placebo, or antidepressants versus other antidepressants, in adults (aged 18 years or above) with any primary diagnosis of cancer and depression (including major depressive disorder, adjustment disorder, dysthymic disorder or depressive symptoms in the absence of a formal diagnosis). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcome was 1. efficacy as a continuous outcome. Our secondary outcomes were 2. efficacy as a dichotomous outcome, 3. Social adjustment, 4. health-related quality of life and 5. dropouts. We used GRADE to assess certainty of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS We identified 14 studies (1364 participants), 10 of which contributed to the meta-analysis for the primary outcome. Six of these compared antidepressants and placebo, three compared two antidepressants, and one three-armed study compared two antidepressants and placebo. In this update, we included four additional studies, three of which contributed data for the primary outcome. For acute-phase treatment response (six to 12 weeks), antidepressants may reduce depressive symptoms when compared with placebo, even though the evidence is very uncertain. This was true when depressive symptoms were measured as a continuous outcome (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.92 to -0.12; 7 studies, 511 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and when measured as a proportion of people who had depression at the end of the study (risk ratio (RR) 0.74, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.96; 5 studies, 662 participants; very low-certainty evidence). No studies reported data on follow-up response (more than 12 weeks). In head-to-head comparisons, we retrieved data for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and for mirtazapine versus TCAs. There was no difference between the various classes of antidepressants (continuous outcome: SSRI versus TCA: SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.34 to 0.18; 3 studies, 237 participants; very low-certainty evidence; mirtazapine versus TCA: SMD -4.80, 95% CI -9.70 to 0.10; 1 study, 25 participants). There was a potential beneficial effect of antidepressants versus placebo for the secondary efficacy outcomes (continuous outcome, response at one to four weeks; very low-certainty evidence). There were no differences for these outcomes when comparing two different classes of antidepressants, even though the evidence was very uncertain. In terms of dropouts due to any cause, we found no difference between antidepressants compared with placebo (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.38; 9 studies, 889 participants; very low-certainty evidence), and between SSRIs and TCAs (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.22; 3 studies, 237 participants). We downgraded the certainty of the evidence because of the heterogeneous quality of the studies, imprecision arising from small sample sizes and wide CIs, and inconsistency due to statistical or clinical heterogeneity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Despite the impact of depression on people with cancer, the available studies were few and of low quality. This review found a potential beneficial effect of antidepressants against placebo in depressed participants with cancer. However, the certainty of evidence is very low and, on the basis of these results, it is difficult to draw clear implications for practice. The use of antidepressants in people with cancer should be considered on an individual basis and, considering the lack of head-to-head data, the choice of which drug to prescribe may be based on the data on antidepressant efficacy in the general population of people with major depression, also taking into account that data on people with other serious medical conditions suggest a positive safety profile for the SSRIs. Furthermore, this update shows that the usage of the newly US Food and Drug Administration-approved antidepressant esketamine in its intravenous formulation might represent a potential treatment for this specific population of people, since it can be used both as an anaesthetic and an antidepressant. However, data are too inconclusive and further studies are needed. We conclude that to better inform clinical practice, there is an urgent need for large, simple, randomised, pragmatic trials comparing commonly used antidepressants versus placebo in people with cancer who have depressive symptoms, with or without a formal diagnosis of a depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vita
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Beatrice Compri
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Faith Matcham
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Corrado Barbui
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ostuzzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Ruple A, Sargeant JM, Selmic LE, O'Connor AM. The standards of reporting randomized trials in pets (PetSORT): Methods and development processes. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1137774. [PMID: 37065218 PMCID: PMC10103610 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1137774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reporting of clinical trials conducted in client- and shelter-owned dog and cat populations is not optimal, which inhibits the ability to assess the reliability and validity of trial findings and precludes the ability to include some trials in evidence synthesis. Objective To develop a reporting guideline for parallel group and crossover trials that addresses the unique features and reporting requirements for trials conducted in client- and shelter-owned dog and cat populations. Design Consensus statement. Setting Virtual. Participants Fifty-six experts from North America, the United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia working in academia, government (research and regulatory agencies), industry, and clinical veterinary practice. Methods A steering committee created a draft checklist for reporting criteria based upon the CONSORT statement and the CONSORT extensions for reporting of abstracts and crossover trials. Each item was presented to the expert participants and was modified and presented again until >85% of participants were in agreement about the inclusion and wording of each item in the checklist. Results The final PetSORT checklist consists of 25 main items with several sub-items. Most items were modifications of items contained in the CONSORT 2010 checklist or the CONSORT extension for crossover trials, but 1 sub-item pertaining to euthanasia was created de novo. Conclusion The methods and processes used to develop this guideline represent a novel departure from those used to create other reporting guidelines, by using a virtual format. The use of the PetSORT statement should improve reporting of trials conducted in client- and shelter-owned dogs and cats and published in the veterinary research literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Ruple
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jan M. Sargeant
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Laura E. Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Annette M. O'Connor
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Espinasse A, Solovyeva O, Dimairo M, Weir C, Jaki T, Mander A, Kightley A, Evans J, Lee S, Bedding A, Hopewell S, Rantell K, Liu R, Chan AW, De Bono J, Yap C. SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions for early phase dose-finding clinical trials: the DEFINE (DosE-FIndiNg Extensions) study protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068173. [PMID: 36990492 PMCID: PMC10069529 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early phase dose-finding (EPDF) studies are critical for the development of new treatments, directly influencing whether compounds or interventions can be investigated in further trials to confirm their safety and efficacy. There exists guidance for clinical trial protocols and reporting of completed trials in the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 and CONsolidated Standards Of Reporting Randomised Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statements. However, neither the original statements nor their extensions adequately cover the specific features of EPDF trials. The DEFINE (DosE-FIndiNg Extensions) study aims to enhance transparency, completeness, reproducibility and interpretation of EPDF trial protocols (SPIRIT-DEFINE) and their reports once completed (CONSORT-DEFINE), across all disease areas, building on the original SPIRIT 2013 and CONSORT 2010 statements. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A methodological review of published EPDF trials will be conducted to identify features and deficiencies in reporting and inform the initial generation of the candidate items. The early draft checklists will be enriched through a review of published and grey literature, real-world examples analysis, citation and reference searches and consultation with international experts, including regulators and journal editors. Development of CONSORT-DEFINE commenced in March 2021, followed by SPIRIT-DEFINE from January 2022. A modified Delphi process, involving worldwide, multidisciplinary and cross-sector key stakeholders, will be run to refine the checklists. An international consensus meeting in autumn 2022 will finalise the list of items to be included in both guidance extensions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This project was approved by ICR's Committee for Clinical Research. The Health Research Authority confirmed Research Ethics Approval is not required. The dissemination strategy aims to maximise guideline awareness and uptake, including but not limited to dissemination in stakeholder meetings, conferences, peer-reviewed publications and on the EQUATOR Network and DEFINE study websites. REGISTRATION DETAILS SPIRIT-DEFINE and CONSORT-DEFINE are registered with the EQUATOR Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Espinasse
- Clinical Trial and Statistical Unit, Institute of Cancer Research Sutton, London, UK
| | - Olga Solovyeva
- Clinical Trial and Statistical Unit, Institute of Cancer Research Sutton, London, UK
| | - Munyaradzi Dimairo
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher Weir
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Jaki
- Computational Statistics Group, Department of Informatics and Data Science, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adrian Mander
- Cardiff University Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Jeffry Evans
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shing Lee
- Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alun Bedding
- Data and Statistical Sciences Department, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Oxford Clinical Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Khadija Rantell
- Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - Rong Liu
- Biostatistics Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, New York, New York, USA
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Department of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Johann De Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christina Yap
- Clinical Trial and Statistical Unit, Institute of Cancer Research Sutton, London, UK
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Silva F, Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye A, Lachat C, Curioni C, Gomes F, Collins GS, Kac G, de Beyer JA, Cook J, Ismail LC, Page M, Khandpur N, Lamb S, Hopewell S, Kirtley S, Durão S, Vorland CJ, Schlussel MM. Completeness of Reporting in Diet- and Nutrition-Related Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analysis: Protocol for 2 Independent Meta-Research Studies. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e43537. [PMID: 36951931 PMCID: PMC10131600 DOI: 10.2196/43537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Journal articles describing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews with meta-analysis of RCTs are not optimally reported and often miss crucial details. This poor reporting makes assessing these studies' risk of bias or reproducing their results difficult. However, the reporting quality of diet- and nutrition-related RCTs and meta-analyses has not been explored. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the reporting completeness and identify the main reporting limitations of diet- and nutrition-related RCTs and meta-analyses of RCTs, estimate the frequency of reproducible research practices among these RCTs, and estimate the frequency of distorted presentation or spin among these meta-analyses. METHODS Two independent meta-research studies will be conducted using articles published in PubMed-indexed journals. The first will include a sample of diet- and nutrition-related RCTs; the second will include a sample of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of diet- and nutrition-related RCTs. A validated search strategy will be used to identify RCTs of nutritional interventions and an adapted strategy to identify meta-analyses in PubMed. We will search for RCTs and meta-analyses indexed in 1 calendar year and randomly select 100 RCTs (June 2021 to June 2022) and 100 meta-analyses (July 2021 to July 2022). Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of records yielded by the searches, then read the full texts to confirm their eligibility. The general features of these published RCTs and meta-analyses will be extracted into a research electronic data capture database (REDCap; Vanderbilt University). The completeness of reporting of each RCT will be assessed using the items in the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials), its extensions, and the TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) statements. Information about practices that promote research transparency and reproducibility, such as the publication of protocols and statistical analysis plans will be collected. There will be an assessment of the completeness of reporting of each meta-analysis using the items in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and collection of information about spin in the abstracts and full-texts. The results will be presented as descriptive statistics in diagrams or tables. These 2 meta-research studies are registered in the Open Science Framework. RESULTS The literature search for the first meta-research retrieved 20,030 records and 2182 were potentially eligible. The literature search for the second meta-research retrieved 10,918 records and 850 were potentially eligible. Among them, random samples of 100 RCTs and 100 meta-analyses were selected for data extraction. Data extraction is currently in progress, and completion is expected by the beginning of 2023. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-research studies will summarize the main limitation on reporting completeness of nutrition- or diet-related RCTs and meta-analyses and provide comprehensive information regarding the particularities in the reporting of intervention studies in the nutrition field. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/43537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Silva
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cintia Curioni
- Department of Nutrition in Public Health, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gomes
- Pan-American Health Organization, World Health Organization, Washington, WA, United States
| | - Gary S Collins
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gilberto Kac
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Anne de Beyer
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Cook
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Matthew Page
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neha Khandpur
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Lamb
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shona Kirtley
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Solange Durão
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Colby J Vorland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Michael M Schlussel
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Nassar EL, Levis B, Neyer MA, Rice DB, Booij L, Benedetti A, Thombs BD. Transparency and completeness of reporting of depression screening tool accuracy studies: A meta-research review of adherence to the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies statement. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2023; 32:e1939. [PMID: 36047034 PMCID: PMC9976600 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate and complete study reporting allows evidence users to critically appraise studies, evaluate possible bias, and assess generalizability and applicability. We evaluated the extent to which recent studies on depression screening accuracy were reported consistent with Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) statement requirements. METHODS MEDLINE was searched from January 1, 2018 through May 21, 2021 for depression screening accuracy studies. RESULTS 106 studies were included. Of 34 STARD items or sub-items, the number of adequately reported items per study ranged from 7 to 18 (mean = 11.5, standard deviation [SD] = 2.5; median = 11.5), and the number inadequately reported ranged from 3 to 17 (mean = 10.1, SD = 2.5; median = 10.0). There were eight items adequately reported, seven partially reported, 11 inadequately reported, and four not applicable in ≥50% of studies; the remaining four items had mixed reporting. Items inadequately reported in ≥70% of studies related to the rationale for index test cut-offs examined, missing data management, analyses of variability in accuracy results, sample size determination, participant flow, study registration, and study protocol. CONCLUSION Recently published depression screening accuracy studies are not optimally reported. Journals should endorse and implement STARD adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa-Lynn Nassar
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brooke Levis
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre for Prognosis Research, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Marieke A Neyer
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle B Rice
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brett D Thombs
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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41
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Zhang XJ, Wang YJ, Lu X, Ying PJ, Qian SY, Liang J, Zheng GQ. The quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials of HuatuoZaizao pill for stroke. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1106957. [PMID: 36703753 PMCID: PMC9871376 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1106957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: HuatuoZaizao pill (HZP), a Chinese patent medicine, is often used in the treatment of stroke. However, there is still a lack of enough evidence to recommend the routine use of HZP for stroke. This study is aimed at evaluating the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on HZP for stroke. Methods: RCTs on HuatuoZaizao pill for stroke were evaluated by using Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines and CONSORT extension criteria on reporting herbal interventions (CONSORT-CHM) guidelines. Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS20.0 was used for statistics analyses. Results: Seventeen studies involving 1801 stroke patients were identified. CONSORT-CHM has expanded 24.3% (9/37) items in CONSORT and added a small item. The average scores of CONSORT evaluation is 14.6, while the average scores of the CONSORT-CHM evaluation is 11.6. The central items in CONSORT as eligibility criterion, sample size calculation, primary outcome, method of randomization sequence generation, allocation concealment, implementation of randomization, description of blinding, and detailed statistical methods were reported in 77%, 6%, 100%, 47%, 6%, 6%, 6%, and 94% of trials, respectively. In terms of the CONSORT-CHM, none of the articles reported in detail the dosage form, origin, formula basis and so on of HZP, and only half of studies reported the outcome indicators related to Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes. Conclusion: The overall report quality of RCT related to HZP is low. HZP still needs to report higher quality RCTs to prove its effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng-Jie Ying
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yan Qian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Guo-Qing Zheng,
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Singh MP, Prakash MG, Gaikwad NR, Keche YN, Dhaneria S. Assessment of Reporting Quality of Drug-Related Randomized Controlled Trials Conducted in India and Published in MEDLINE-Indexed Indian Journals Over a Decade: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e34353. [PMID: 36874727 PMCID: PMC9974383 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly published trials may result in biased and erroneous healthcare decisions. We conducted this systematic review to evaluate the reporting quality of drug-related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in India and published in MEDLINE-indexed Indian journals over a decade (between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020), as per the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Checklist 2010. An extensive literature search was conducted using the terms "Randomized controlled trial AND India." The full-length papers were extracted for RCTs related to drugs. Two independent investigators assessed each article against the checklist containing 37 criteria. Each article was scored 1 or 0 against each criterion which was finally summed up and evaluated. None of the articles fulfilled all 37 criteria. A compliance rate of >75% was seen in only 15.5% of articles. More than 75% of articles fulfilled a minimum of 16 criteria. Major checklist points observed to be deficient were "important changes to methods after trial commencement" (7%), "interim analysis and stopping guidelines" (7%), and "description of similarity of interventions while blinding" (4%). There remains ample room for improvement regarding research methodology and manuscript preparation in India. Moreover, journals should stringently implement the CONSORT Checklist 2010 to enhance the standard and quality of publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudan P Singh
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | | | - Nitin R Gaikwad
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Yogendra N Keche
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
| | - Suryaprakash Dhaneria
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, IND
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Evaluating the online impact of reporting guidelines for randomised trial reports and protocols: a cross-sectional web-based data analysis of CONSORT and SPIRIT initiatives. Scientometrics 2023; 128:407-440. [PMID: 36274792 PMCID: PMC9574182 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Reporting guidelines are tools to help improve the transparency, completeness, and clarity of published articles in health research. Specifically, the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) and SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statements provide evidence-based guidance on what to include in randomised trial articles and protocols to guarantee the efficacy of interventions. These guidelines are subsequently described and discussed in journal articles and used to produce checklists. Determining the online impact (i.e., number and type of links received) of these articles can provide insights into the dissemination of reporting guidelines in broader environments (web-at-large) than simply that of the scientific publications that cite them. To address the technical limitations of link analysis, here the Debug-Validate-Access-Find (DVAF) method is designed and implemented to measure different facets of the guidelines' online impact. A total of 65 articles related to 38 reporting guidelines are taken as a baseline, providing 240,128 URL citations, which are then refined, analysed, and categorised using the DVAF method. A total of 15,582 links to journal articles related to the CONSORT and SPIRIT initiatives were identified. CONSORT 2010 and SPIRIT 2013 were the reporting guidelines that received most links (URL citations) from other online objects (5328 and 2190, respectively). Overall, the online impact obtained is scattered (URL citations are received by different article URL IDs, mainly from link-based DOIs), narrow (limited number of linking domain names, half of articles are linked from fewer than 29 domain names), concentrated (links come from just a few academic publishers, around 60% from publishers), non-reputed (84% of links come from dubious websites and fake domain names) and highly decayed (89% of linking domain names were not accessible at the time of the analysis). In light of these results, it is concluded that the online impact of these guidelines could be improved, and a set of recommendations are proposed to this end. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11192-022-04542-z.
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Moraes ÍAP, Lima JA, Silva NM, Simcsik AO, Silveira AC, Menezes LDC, Araújo LV, Crocetta TB, Voos MC, Tonks J, Silva TD, Dawes H, Monteiro CBM. Effect of Longitudinal Practice in Real and Virtual Environments on Motor Performance, Physical Activity and Enjoyment in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14668. [PMID: 36429386 PMCID: PMC9690405 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: People with ASD commonly present difficulty performing motor skills and a decline in physical activity (PA) level and low enjoyment of PA. We aimed to evaluate whether longitudinal practice of an activity in virtual and real environments improves motor performance and whether this improvement is transferred to a subsequent practice when changing the environment, promoting PA and providing enjoyment; (2) Methods: People with ASD, aged between 10 and 16 years, were included and distributed randomly into two opposite sequences. The participants performed a 10 session protocol, with five sessions practicing in each environment (virtual or real). Heart rate measurement was carried out and an enjoyment scale was applied; (3) Results: 22 participants concluded the protocol. Sequence A (virtual first) presented an improvement in accuracy and precision and transferred this when changing environment; they also had a greater change in heart rate reserve. The majority of participants reported "fun" and "great fun" levels for enjoyment; (4) Conclusions: The virtual reality activity presented a higher level of difficulty, with greater gains in terms of transference to the real environment. Considering PA, our task provided very light to light activity and the majority of participants enjoyed the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íbis A. P. Moraes
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- College of Medicine and Health, St Lukes Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Joyce A. Lima
- Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Nadja M. Silva
- Medicine (Cardiology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Amanda O. Simcsik
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Ana C. Silveira
- Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Lilian D. C. Menezes
- Medicine (Cardiology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Luciano V. Araújo
- Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Tânia B. Crocetta
- Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana C. Voos
- Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo 05014-901, Brazil
| | - James Tonks
- College of Medicine and Health, St Lukes Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Talita D. Silva
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Medicine (Cardiology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, University City of São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo 03071-000, Brazil
| | - Helen Dawes
- College of Medicine and Health, St Lukes Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Carlos B. M. Monteiro
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
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Hardwicke TE, Salholz-Hillel M, Malički M, Szűcs D, Bendixen T, Ioannidis JPA. Statistical guidance to authors at top-ranked journals across scientific disciplines. AM STAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2022.2143897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom E. Hardwicke
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam.
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne.
| | - Maia Salholz-Hillel
- QUEST Center for Responsible Research, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
| | - Mario Malički
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University.
| | - Dénes Szűcs
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge.
| | | | - John P. A. Ioannidis
- Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University.
- Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin (METRIC-B), QUEST Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Population Health, Biomedical Data Science, and Statistics, Stanford University
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Medina‐Aedo M, Torralba‐Martinez E, Segura‐Carrillo C, Buitrago‐García D, Solà I, Pardo‐Hernández H, Bonfill X. Finding and evaluating randomised controlled trials in nursing conducted by Spanish research teams: A scoping review. Health Info Libr J 2022; 39:312-322. [DOI: 10.1111/hir.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melixa Medina‐Aedo
- Department of Paediatrics Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Elena Torralba‐Martinez
- Department of Paediatrics Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Diana Buitrago‐García
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Programa de Epidemiología Clínica Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud‐FUCS Bogota Colombia
| | - Ivan Solà
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Héctor Pardo‐Hernández
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Bonfill
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB SantPau) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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Harjpal P, Qureshi MI, Kovela RK, Jain M. Efficacy of Bilateral Lower-Limb Training Over Unilateral Lower-Limb Training To Reeducate Balance and Walking in Post-Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Cureus 2022; 14:e30748. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Dávila-Mendoza R, López-Ortiz G. [Extensions of guidelines for reporting types of study in medicine]. REVISTA MEDICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL 2022; 60:675-682. [PMID: 36283054 PMCID: PMC10395921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of different guides to report types of study in the medical field has been widely disseminated for decades, however, their adherence and use by an important part of researchers is still limited, this has negatively impacted the dissemination of new findings, which has generated criticism regarding how medical research is designed, conducted and reported. Parallel to this, there are extensions to these guidelines which are little known and used by the personnel involved in research work, they focus on more specific approaches to report different types of studies, among which are: meta-analysis, systematic reviews, clinical trials randomized, diagnostic accuracy studies, observational studies, among others; for this reason, its promotion, knowledge, and use is of vital importance. The objective of this review is to synthesize the main extensions of the guidelines used in medical research; for this purpose, its main characteristics were reviewed, as well as application scenarios according to the level of evidence; Its adequate adherence will allow health personnel involved in research work to increase the transparency and quality of their findings, contemplate potential sources of bias, as well as the development of good practices for the presentation of their results according to the type of study selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Dávila-Mendoza
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar. Ciudad de México, MéxicoUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Geovani López-Ortiz
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar. Ciudad de México, MéxicoUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia in Outpatients with Major Depression-A Randomised Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195845. [PMID: 36233712 PMCID: PMC9570822 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this randomised controlled assessor-blinded trial was to examine the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on sleep variables and depressive symptomatology in outpatients with comorbid insomnia and moderate to severe depression. Forty-seven participants were randomized to receive one weekly session in 6 weeks of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia or treatment as usual. The intervention was a hybrid between individual and group treatment. Sleep scheduling could be especially challenging in a group format as patients with depression may need more support to adhere to the treatment recommendations. The primary outcome measure was the Insomnia Severity Index. Secondary measures were sleep diary data, the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Questionnaire, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life and polysomnography. Compared to treatment as usual, cognitive behavioural therapy significantly reduced the insomnia severity index (mean ISI 20.6 to 12.1, p = 0.001) and wake after sleep onset (mean 54.7 min to 19.0 min, p = 0.003) and increased sleep efficiency (mean SE 71.6 to 83.4, p = 0.006). Total sleep time and sleep onset latency were not significantly changed. The results were supported by analyses of the other rating scales and symptom dimensions. In conclusion, cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia as add-on to treatment as usual was effective for treating insomnia and depressive symptoms in a small sample of outpatients with insomnia and major depression. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02678702.
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Parmar K, Subramanyam S, Attwood K, Appiah D, Fountzilas C, Mukherjee S. Anti PD-1/Anti PDL-1 Inhibitors in Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Phase 2/3 Randomized Controlled Trials. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1953. [PMID: 36145703 PMCID: PMC9501109 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment for gastroesophageal cancers (GEC). It is important to investigate the factors that influence the response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs. Objective: To assess the benefits of PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs in advanced GEC and perform subgroup analysis to identify patient populations who would benefit from ICI. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from database inception to September 2021 for all relevant articles. We also reviewed abstracts and presentations from all major conference proceedings including relevant meetings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) during the last four years (2018 to 2021) and reviewed citation lists. Study selection, data extraction, and synthesis: Full articles and presentations were further assessed if the information suggested that the study was a phase 2/3 randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor either alone, or in combination with standard therapy vs. standard therapy in advanced GEC. The full text of the resulting studies/presentations and extracted data were reviewed independently according to PRISMA guidelines. Main outcomes and measures: The main outcomes were OS, PFS, and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Results: A total of 168 studies were assessed for eligibility, and 17 RCTs with 12,312 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was an OS benefit in the overall population with ICIs (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.73−0.83 p < 0.001). Immunotherapy showed better OS benefit in males (HR 0.77 95% CI 0.72−0.83; p < 0.001) than females (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.80−0.99 p < 0.03), esophageal primary tumors (HR 0.70 95% CI 0.64−0.76 p < 0.001) vs. gastric cancer (HR 0.84 95% CI 0.74−0.94 p 0.002) or GEJ cancer (HR 0.84 95% CI 0.72−0.98 p 0.024) and in squamous cell carcinoma (HR 0.71 95% CI 0.66−0.77 p < 0.001) vs. adenocarcinoma (HR 0.85 95% CI 0.78−0.93 p < 0.001). PD-L1 positive patients seemed to benefit more (HR 0.74 95% CI 0.67−0.82 p < 0.001) compared to PD-L1 negative patients (HR 0.86 95% CI 0.74−1.00 p < 0.043), and Asians showed OS benefit (HR 0.76 95% CI 0.67−0.87 p < 0.001) compared to their White counterparts (HR 0.92 95% CI 0.74−1.14; p 0.424). Conclusions and relevance: ICIs improve survival in advanced GEC without significantly increasing the side effects. However, certain subgroups of patients such as males, Asians, and those with esophageal primary, PD-L1 positive tumors and squamous cell carcinoma benefit more from such treatments. Further translational research is needed to understand the mechanistic links and develop new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanak Parmar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Sai Subramanyam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Harlan, KY 40831, USA
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Epidemiology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Duke Appiah
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Christos Fountzilas
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sarbajit Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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