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Zhu J, Shi Q, Han X, Wang M, Zhang L, Ying H, Yu B. AMPK deficiency inhibits fatty acid oxidation in endothelial progenitor cells to aggravate impaired angiogenesis after ischemic stroke in hyperlipidemic mice. Brain Inj 2024; 38:835-847. [PMID: 38716911 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2349776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for stroke, and worsens neurological outcome after stroke. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which become dysfunctional in cerebral ischemia, hold capacity to promote revascularization. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of dyslipidemia in impairment of EPC-mediated angiogenesis in cerebral ischemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice following by ischemic stroke exhibited increased infarct volumes and neurological severity scores, and poorer angiogenesis. Bone marrow-EPCs treated with palmitic acid (PA) showed impaired functions and inhibited activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Notably, AMPK deficiency aggravated EPC dysfunction, further decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species level in EPCs with PA treatment. Furthermore, the expression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-related genes was remarkably reduced, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) protein expression was downregulated in AMPK-deficient EPCs. AMPK deficiency aggravated neurological severity scores and angiogenesis in ischemic brain of HFD-fed mice, accompanied by suppressed protein level of CPT1A. EPC transplantation corrected impaired neurological severity scores and angiogenesis in AMPK-deficient mice. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that AMPK deficiency aggravates poor angiogenesis in ischemic brain by mediating FAO and oxidative stress thereby inducing EPC dysfunction in hyperlipidemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojuan Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huazhong Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Liu X, Jia X. Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:691-713. [PMID: 37415004 PMCID: PMC10771544 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurological injuries can have numerous debilitating effects on functional status including sensorimotor deficits, cognitive impairment, and behavioral symptoms. Despite the disease burden, treatment options remain limited. Current pharmacological interventions are targeted at symptom management but are ineffective in reversing ischemic brain damage. Stem cell therapy for ischemic brain injury has shown promising preclinical and clinical results and has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic option. Various stem cell sources (embryonic, mesenchymal/bone marrow, and neural stem cells) have been investigated. This review provides an overview of the advances made in our understanding of the various types of stem cells and progress made in the use of these stem cells for the treatment of ischemic brain injuries. In particular, the use of stem cell therapy in global cerebral ischemia following cardiac arrest and in focal cerebral ischemia after ischemic stroke are discussed. The proposed mechanisms of stem cells' neuroprotective effects in animal models (rat/mice, pig/swine) and other clinical studies, different routes of administration (intravenous/intra-arterial/intracerebroventricular/intranasal/intraperitoneal/intracranial) and stem cell preconditioning are discussed. Much of the promising data on stem cell therapies after ischemic brain injury remains in the experimental stage and several limitations remain unsettled. Future investigation is needed to further assess the safety and efficacy and to overcome the remaining obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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3
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Du YT, Pan ZG, Chen BC, Sun FY. Carotid artery transplantation of brain endothelial cells enhances neuroprotection and neurorepair in ischaemic stroke rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01339-z. [PMID: 38992118 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), an important component of the neurovascular unit, can promote angiogenesis and synaptic formation in ischaemic mice after brain parenchyma transplantation. Since the therapeutic efficacy of cell-based therapies depends on the extent of transplanted cell residence in the target tissue and cell migration ability, the delivery route has become a hot research topic. In this study, we investigated the effects of carotid artery transplantation of BMECs on neuronal injury, neurorepair, and neurological dysfunction in rats after cerebral ischaemic attack. Purified passage 1 endothelial cells (P1-BMECs) were prepared from mouse brain tissue. Adult rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min. Then, the rats were treated with 5 × 105 P1-BMECs through carotid artery infusion or tail vein injection. We observed that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs produced more potent neuroprotective effects than caudal injection in MCAO rats, including reducing infarct size and alleviating neurological deficits in behavioural tests. Carotid artery-transplanted BMECs displayed a wider distribution in the ischaemic rat brain. Immunostaining for endothelial progenitor cells and the mature endothelial cell markers CD34 and RECA-1 showed that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly increased angiogenesis. Carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly increased the number of surviving neurons, decreased the cerebral infarction volume, and alleviated neurological deficits. In addition, we found that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly enhanced ischaemia-induced hippocampal neurogenesis, as measured by doublecortin (DCX) and Ki67 double staining within 2 weeks after ischaemic injury. We conclude that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs can promote cerebral angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurological function recovery in adult rats after ischaemic stroke. Our results suggest that carotid injection of BMECs may be a promising new approach for treating acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Du
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hua-Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin-Chi Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng-Yan Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Anggraini D, Zhang T, Liu X, Okano K, Tanaka Y, Inagaki N, Li M, Hosokawa Y, Yamada S, Yalikun Y. Guided axon outgrowth of neurons by molecular gradients generated from femtosecond laser-fabricated micro-holes. Talanta 2024; 267:125200. [PMID: 37738745 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transplantation of scaffold-embedded guided neurons has been reported to increase neuronal regeneration following brain injury. However, precise axonal integration between host and transplant neurons to form functional synapses remains a major problem. Thus, a high-precision tool to actuate neuronal axon outgrowth in real-time conditions is required to attain robust axon regeneration. This study aims to establish a microfluidic platform for precise and real-time axon outgrowth guidance. METHODS A microfluidic device with a 4 μm thick thin-glass sheet as the neuron culture substrate is fabricated. Surface of the glass sheet is chemically modified to facilitate neuron attachment. Femtosecond (fs) laser is used to engrave the glass sheet to achieve micro-holes, where netrin-1 is released for directing the movement of the neuronal axon. RESULTS Numerical simulation and experimental data demonstrate that netrin-1 gradient is formed after it passes through the micro-hole. The neuronal response results show the outgrowth rate of the axon is significantly increased by netrin-1 gradient. Furthermore, a majority of neuronal axons exhibit guided outgrowth characterized by positive turning angles of axon displacement in the direction of netrin-1 gradients. CONCLUSION Integrating fs laser and microfluidic device facilitates controlled and instantaneous axon outgrowth in a non-invasive manner. SIGNIFICANCE The developed real-time microfluidic platform shows potential in the application for on-site neuronal transplantation, which is significant for the treatment of a range of neurological disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Anggraini
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tianlong Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okano
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Inagaki
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ming Li
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2122, Australia
| | - Yoichiroh Hosokawa
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sohei Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Yaxiaer Yalikun
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan; Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Wang W, Peng H, Zeng M, Liu J, Liang G, He Z. Endothelial progenitor cells systemic administration alleviates multi-organ senescence by down-regulating USP7/p300 pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:881. [PMID: 38057857 PMCID: PMC10699081 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has impacted approximately 390 million people worldwide and the morbidity is increasing every year. However, due to the poor treatment efficacy of COPD, exploring novel treatment has become the hotpot of study on COPD. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) aging is a possible molecular way for COPD development. We aimed to explore the effector whether intravenous administration of EPCs has therapeutic effects in COPD mice. METHODS COPD mice model was induced by cigarette smoke exposure and EPCs were injected intravenously to investigate their effects on COPD mice. At day 127, heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues of mice were harvested. The histological effects of EPCs intervention on multiple organs of COPD mice were detected by morphology assay. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the effect of EPCs intervention on the expression of multi-organ senescence-related indicators. And we explored the effect of EPCs systematically intervening on senescence-related USP7/p300 pathway. RESULTS Compared with COPD group, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity was decreased, protein and mRNA expression of p16 was down-regulated, while protein and mRNA expression of cyclin D1 and TERT were up-regulated of multiple organs, including lung, heart, liver, spleen and kidney in COPD mice after EPCs system intervention. But the morphological alterations of the tissues described above in COPD mice failed to be reversed. Mechanistically, EPCs systemic administration inhibited the expression of mRNA and protein of USP7 and p300 in multiple organs of COPD mice, exerting therapeutic effects. CONCLUSIONS EPCs administration significantly inhibited the senescence of multiple organs in COPD mice via down-regulating USP7/p300 pathway, which presents a possibility of EPCs therapy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huaihuai Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Province Directly Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Menghao Zeng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guibin Liang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihui He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Bruschettini M, Badura A, Romantsik O. Stem cell-based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 11:CD015582. [PMID: 37994736 PMCID: PMC10666199 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015582.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal stroke refers to a diverse but specific group of cerebrovascular diseases that occur between 20 weeks of fetal life and 28 days of postnatal life. Acute treatment options for perinatal stroke are limited supportive care, such as controlling hypoglycemia and seizures. Stem cell-based therapies offer a potential therapeutic approach to repair, restore, or regenerate injured brain tissue. Preclinical findings have culminated in ongoing human neonatal studies. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits and harms of stem cell-based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants compared to control (placebo or no treatment) or stem-cell based interventions of a different type or source. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, PubMed, Embase, and three trials registries in February 2023. We planned to search the reference lists of included studies and relevant systematic reviews for studies not identified by the database searches. SELECTION CRITERIA We attempted to include randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized controlled trials, and cluster trials that evaluated any of the following comparisons. • Stem cell-based interventions (any type) versus control (placebo or no treatment) • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) of a specifictype (e.g. number of doses or passages) or source (e.g. autologous/allogeneic or bone marrow/cord) versus MSCs of another type or source • Stem cell-based interventions (other than MSCs) of a specific type (e.g. mononuclear cells, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, neural stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cells) or source (e.g. autologous/allogeneic or bone marrow/cord) versus stem cell-based interventions (other than MSCs) of another type or source • MSCs versus stem cell-based interventions other than MSCs We planned to include all types of transplantation regardless of cell source (bone marrow, cord blood, Wharton's jelly, placenta, adipose tissue, peripheral blood), type of graft (autologous or allogeneic), and dose. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were all-cause neonatal mortality, major neurodevelopmental disability, and immune rejection or any serious adverse event. Our secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality prior to first hospital discharge, seizures, adverse effects, and death or major neurodevelopmental disability at 18 to 24 months of age. We planned to use GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS We identified no completed or ongoing randomized trials that met our inclusion criteria. We excluded three studies: two were phase 1 trials, and one included newborn infants with conditions other than stroke (i.e. cerebral ischemia and anemia). Among the three excluded studies, we identified the first phase 1 trial on the use of stem cells for neonatal stroke. It reported that a single intranasal application of bone marrow-derived MSCs in term neonates with a diagnosis of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) was feasible and apparently not associated with severe adverse events. However, the trial included only 10 infants, and follow-up was limited to three months. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS No evidence is currently available to evaluate the benefits and harms of stem cell-based interventions for treatment of stroke in newborn infants. We identified no ongoing studies. Future clinical trials should focus on standardizing the timing and method of cell delivery and cell processing to optimize the therapeutic potential of stem cell-based interventions and safety profiles. Phase 1 and large animal studies might provide the groundwork for future randomized trials. Outcome measures should include all-cause mortality, major neurodevelopmental disability and immune rejection, and any other serious adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bruschettini
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Cochrane Sweden, Department of Research and Education, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Badura
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Regensburg, Hospital St Hedwig of the Order of St John, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Olga Romantsik
- Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Zhou J, Gao T, Tang W, Qian T, Wang Z, Xu P, Wang L. Progress in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy with umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells. Brain Dev 2023; 45:533-546. [PMID: 37806836 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common disease among newborns, which is a leading cause of neonatal death and permanent neurological sequelae. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only method for the treatment of HIE that has been recognized effective clinically at home and abroad, but the efficacy is limited. Recent research suggests that the cord blood-derived mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs), which the refer to blood cells containing one nucleus in the cord blood, exert anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic effects and play a neuroprotective role in HIE. This review focuses on safety and efficacy, the route of administration, dose, timing and combination treatment of CB-MNCs in HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Ting Gao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Wan Tang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Tianyang Qian
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Pu Xu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Laishuan Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China.
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8
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Augustyniak K, Pragnaca A, Lesniak M, Halasa M, Borkowska A, Pieta E, Kwiatek WM, Kieda C, Zdanowski R, Malek K. Molecular tracking of interactions between progenitor and endothelial cells via Raman and FTIR spectroscopy imaging: a proof of concept of a new analytical strategy for in vitro research. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:329. [PMID: 37851174 PMCID: PMC10584734 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial cell progenitors originating from the bone marrow are considered to be a powerful tool in the repair of endothelium damage. Due to their unique properties, endothelial progenitors are now broadly investigated to assess their clinical significance in diseases e.g., associated with brain endothelial dysfunction. However, their distinction in terms of the expression of specific markers remains ambiguous. Additionally, endothelial progenitor cells may change their repertoire of markers depending on the microenvironment of the tissue in which they are currently located. Here, we applied the label-free Raman and FTIR imaging to discriminate mice brain endothelium and endothelial progenitors. Cells cultured separately showed distinctly different spectral signatures extracted from the whole cellular interior as well as the detected intracellular compartments (nucleus, cytoplasm, perinuclear area, and lipid droplets). Then, we used these spectroscopic signals to examine the cells co-cultured for 24Â h. Principal cluster analysis showed their grouping with the progenitor cells and segregation from brain endothelium at a level of the entire cell machinery (in FTIR images) which resulted from biochemical alternations in the cytoplasm and lipid droplets (in Raman images). The models included in partial least square regression indicated that lipid droplets are the key element for the classification of endothelial progenitor-brain endothelial cells interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Augustyniak
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Prof. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pragnaca
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Prof. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Lesniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Halasa
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
- Transplant Immunology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Agata Borkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Pieta
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Molecular Biophysics, UPR4301 CNRS, Orleans, France
| | - Robert Zdanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserow 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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Lee J, Sternberg H, Bignone PA, Murai J, Malik NN, West MD, Larocca D. Clonal and Scalable Endothelial Progenitor Cell Lines from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2777. [PMID: 37893151 PMCID: PMC10604251 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used as a renewable source of endothelial cells for treating cardiovascular disease and other ischemic conditions. Here, we present the derivation and characterization of a panel of distinct clonal embryonic endothelial progenitor cells (eEPCs) lines that were differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The hESC line, ESI-017, was first partially differentiated to produce candidate cultures from which eEPCs were cloned. Endothelial cell identity was assessed by transcriptomic analysis, cell surface marker expression, immunocytochemical marker analysis, and functional analysis of cells and exosomes using vascular network forming assays. The transcriptome of the eEPC lines was compared to various adult endothelial lines as well as various non-endothelial cells including both adult and embryonic origins. This resulted in a variety of distinct cell lines with functional properties of endothelial cells and strong transcriptomic similarity to adult endothelial primary cell lines. The eEPC lines, however, were distinguished from adult endothelium by their novel pattern of embryonic gene expression. We demonstrated eEPC line scalability of up to 80 population doublings (pd) and stable long-term expansion of over 50 pd with stable angiogenic properties at late passage. Taken together, these data support the finding that hESC-derived clonal eEPC lines are a potential source of scalable therapeutic cells and cell products for treating cardiovascular disease. These eEPC lines offer a highly promising resource for the development of further preclinical studies aimed at therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501, USA; (H.S.); (P.A.B.); (N.N.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Hal Sternberg
- AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501, USA; (H.S.); (P.A.B.); (N.N.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Paola A. Bignone
- AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501, USA; (H.S.); (P.A.B.); (N.N.M.); (D.L.)
| | - James Murai
- Advanced Cell Technology, Alameda, CA 94502, USA
| | - Nafees N. Malik
- AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501, USA; (H.S.); (P.A.B.); (N.N.M.); (D.L.)
| | | | - Dana Larocca
- AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., 1101 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501, USA; (H.S.); (P.A.B.); (N.N.M.); (D.L.)
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10
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Fang J, Wang Z, Miao CY. Angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1305-1321. [PMID: 36829053 PMCID: PMC10310733 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to its high disability and mortality rates, stroke has been the second leading cause of death worldwide. Since the pathological mechanisms of stroke are not fully understood, there are few clinical treatment strategies available with an exception of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis is an important protective mechanism that promotes neural regeneration and functional recovery during the pathophysiological process of stroke. Thus, inducing angiogenesis in the peri-infarct area could effectively improve hemodynamics, and promote vascular remodeling and recovery of neurovascular function after ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms affecting angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia registered in PubMed, and provide pro-angiogenic strategies for exploring the treatment of ischemic stroke, including endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, cytokines, non-coding RNAs, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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11
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Ma Y, Liu Z, Jiang L, Wang L, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yang GY, Ding J, Zhang Z. Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation attenuates synaptic loss associated with enhancing complement receptor 3-dependent microglial/macrophage phagocytosis in ischemic mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:379-392. [PMID: 36457150 PMCID: PMC9941864 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221135841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation has therapeutic effects in cerebral ischemia. However, how EPCs modulate microglial activity remains unclear. In the study, we explored whether EPCs modulated microglial/macrophage activity and facilitated injured brain repair. Adult male mice (n = 184) underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, and EPCs were transplanted into the brain immediately after ischemia. Microglial/macrophage activity and complement receptor 3 (CR3) expression were evaluated in ischemic brains and cultured microglia. CR3 agonist leukadherin-1 was administrated into mice immediately after ischemia to imitate the effects of EPCs. Synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) expressions were detected in EPC- and leukadherin-1 treated mice. We found that EPC transplantation increased the number of M2 microglia/macrophage-phagocytizing apoptotic cells and CR3 expression in ischemic brains at 3 days after ischemia (p < 0.05). EPC-conditional medium or cultured EPCs increased microglial migration and phagocytosis and upregulated CR3 expression in cultured microglia under oxygen-glucose deprivation condition (p < 0.05). Leukadherin-1 reduced brain atrophy volume and neurological deficits at 14 days after ischemia (p < 0.05). Both EPC transplantation and leukadherin-1 increased synaptophysin and PSD-95 expression at 14 days after ischemia (p < 0.05). EPC transplantation promoted CR3-mediated microglial/macrophage phagocytosis and subsequently attenuated synaptic loss. Our study provided a novel therapeutic mechanism for EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military
Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,
China
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12
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Bruschettini M, Badura A, Romantsik O. Stem cell‐based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 2023:CD015582. [PMCID: PMC9933426 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of stem cell‐based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants compared to control (placebo or no treatment) or stem‐cell based interventions of a different type or source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Bruschettini
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, PaediatricsLund University, Skåne University HospitalLundSweden,Cochrane SwedenLund University, Skåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | | | - Olga Romantsik
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, PaediatricsLund University, Skåne University HospitalLundSweden
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13
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Bell A, Watt AP, Dudink I, Pham Y, Sutherland AE, Allison BJ, McDonald CA, Castillo-Melendez M, Jenkin G, Malhotra A, Miller SL, Yawno T. Endothelial colony forming cell administration promotes neurovascular unit development in growth restricted and appropriately grown fetal lambs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:29. [PMID: 36788590 PMCID: PMC9930266 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with deficits in the developing brain, including neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) can mediate improved vascular stability, and have demonstrated potential to enhance vascular development and protection. This investigation examined whether ECFCs from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) enhanced NVU development in FGR and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetal sheep. METHODS Twin-bearing ewes had surgery performed at 88-90 days' gestation, inducing FGR in one fetus. At 113 days, ECFCs (1 × 107 cells) cultured from human UCB were administered intravenously to fetal sheep in utero. At 127 days, ewes and their fetuses were euthanised, fetal brains collected, and NVU components analysed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Twenty-four fetal lambs, arranged in four groups: AGA (n = 7), FGR (n = 5), AGA + ECFC (n = 6), and FGR + ECFC (n = 6), were included in analyses. FGR resulted in lower body weight than AGA (P = 0.002) with higher brain/body weight ratio (P = 0.003). ECFC treatment was associated with increased vascular density throughout the brain in both AGA + ECFC and FGR + ECFC groups, as well as increased vascular-astrocyte coverage and VEGF expression in the cortex (P = 0.003, P = 0.0006, respectively) and in the subcortical white matter (P = 0.01, P = 0.0002, respectively) when compared with the untreated groups. CONCLUSIONS ECFC administration enhanced development of NVU components in both the AGA and FGR fetal brain. Further investigation is required to assess how to optimise the enhanced angiogenic capabilities of ECFCs to provide a therapeutic strategy to protect the developing NVU against vulnerabilities associated with FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bell
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ashalyn P. Watt
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid Dudink
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yen Pham
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy E. Sutherland
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Beth J. Allison
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Courtney A. McDonald
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Graham Jenkin
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Atul Malhotra
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Suzanne L. Miller
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamara Yawno
- grid.452824.dThe Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168 Australia
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14
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Peng C, Yang LJ, Zhang C, Jiang Y, Shang LWX, He JB, Zhou ZW, Tao X, Tie L, Chen AF, Xie HH. Low-dose nifedipine rescues impaired endothelial progenitor cell-mediated angiogenesis in diabetic mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:44-57. [PMID: 35882957 PMCID: PMC9813355 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is of great clinical significance to develop potential novel strategies to prevent diabetic cardiovascular complications. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) dysfunction is a key contributor to diabetic vascular complications. In the present study we evaluated whether low-dose nifedipine could rescue impaired EPC-mediated angiogenesis and prevent cardiovascular complications in diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced in mice by five consecutive injections of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.). Diabetic mice were treated with low-dose nifedipine (1.5 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for six weeks. Then, circulating EPCs in the peripheral blood were quantified, and bone marrow-derived EPCs (BM-EPCs) were prepared. We showed that administration of low-dose nifedipine significantly increased circulating EPCs, improved BM-EPCs function, promoted angiogenesis, and reduced the cerebral ischemic injury in diabetic mice. Furthermore, we found that low-dose nifedipine significantly increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and intracellular NO levels, and decreased the levels of intracellular O2.- and thrombospondin-1/2 (TSP-1/2, a potent angiogenesis inhibitor) in BM-EPCs of diabetic mice. In cultured BM-EPCs, co-treatment with nifedipine (0.1, 1 μM) dose-dependently protected against high-glucose-induced impairment of migration, and suppressed high-glucose-induced TSP-1 secretion and superoxide overproduction. In mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion, intravenous injection of diabetic BM-EPCs treated with nifedipine displayed a greater ability to promote local angiogenesis and reduce cerebral ischemic injury compared to injection of diabetic BM-EPCs treated with vehicle, and the donor-derived BM-EPCs homed to the recipient ischemic brain. In conclusion, low-dose nifedipine can enhance EPCs' angiogenic potential and protect against cerebral ischemic injury in diabetic mice. It is implied that chronic treatment with low-dose nifedipine may be a safe and economic manner to prevent ischemic diseases (including stroke) in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Liu-Wen-Xin Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jia-Bei He
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Zhou
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Lu Tie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - He-Hui Xie
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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15
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Lemmer D, Schmidt J, Kummer K, Lemmer B, Wrede A, Seitz C, Balcarek P, Schwarze K, Müller GA, Patschan D, Patschan S. Impairment of muscular endothelial cell regeneration in dermatomyositis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:952699. [PMID: 36330424 PMCID: PMC9623165 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.952699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Inflammatory myopathies are heterogeneous in terms of etiology, (immuno)pathology, and clinical findings. Endothelial cell injury, as it occurs in DM, is a common feature of numerous inflammatory and non-inflammatory vascular diseases. Vascular regeneration is mediated by both local and blood-derived mechanisms, such as the mobilization and activation of so-called proangiogenic cells (PACs) or early endothelial progenitor cells (eEPCs). The current study aimed to evaluate parameters of eEPC integrity in dermatomyositis (DM), compared to necrotizing myopathy (NM) and to non-myopathic controls. Methods Blood samples from DM and NM patients were compared to non-myositis controls and analyzed for the following parameters: circulating CD133+/VEGFR-2+ cells, number of colony-forming unit endothelial cells (CFU-ECs), concentrations of angiopoietin 1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CXCL-16. Muscle biopsies from DM and NM subjects underwent immunofluorescence analysis for CXCR6, nestin, and CD31 (PECAM-1). Finally, myotubes, derived from healthy donors, were stimulated with serum samples from DM and NM patients, subsequently followed by RT-PCR for the following candidates: IL-1β, IL-6, nestin, and CD31. Results Seventeen (17) DM patients, 7 NM patients, and 40 non-myositis controls were included. CD133+/VEGFR-2+ cells did not differ between the groups. Both DM and NM patients showed lower CFU-ECs than controls. In DM, intramuscular CD31 abundances were significantly reduced, which indicated vascular rarefaction. Muscular CXCR6 was elevated in both diseases. Circulating CXCL-16 was higher in DM and NM in contrast, compared to controls. Serum from patients with DM but not NM induced a profound upregulation of mRNS expression of CD31 and IL-6 in cultured myotubes. Conclusion Our study demonstrates the loss of intramuscular microvessels in DM, accompanied by endothelial activation in DM and NM. Vascular regeneration was impaired in DM and NM. The findings suggest a role for inflammation-associated vascular damage in the pathogenesis of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Lemmer
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Medical Center of Rheumatology Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Schmidt
- Department of Neurology and Pain Treatment, Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf, University Hospital of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - K. Kummer
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B. Lemmer
- Department of Physics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A. Wrede
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C. Seitz
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - P. Balcarek
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Arcus Klinik, Pforzheim, Germany
| | - K. Schwarze
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - G. A. Müller
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - D. Patschan
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Branderburg, Germany
| | - S. Patschan
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Branderburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: S. Patschan
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16
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Rudnicka-Drożak E, Drożak P, Mizerski G, Drożak M. Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Neurovascular Disorders—A Comprehensive Overview of the Current State of Knowledge. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102616. [PMID: 36289878 PMCID: PMC9599182 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a population of cells that circulate in the blood looking for areas of endothelial or vascular injury in order to repair them. Endothelial dysfunction is an important component of disorders with neurovascular involvement. Thus, the subject of involvement of EPCs in such conditions has been gaining increasing scientific interest in recent years. Overall, decreased levels of EPCs are associated with worse disease outcome. Moreover, their functionalities appear to decline with severity of disease. These findings inspired the application of EPCs as therapeutic targets and agents. So far, EPCs appear safe and promising based on the results of pre-clinical studies conducted on their use in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and ischemic stroke. In the case of the latter, human clinical trials have recently started to be performed in this subject and provided optimistic results thus far. Whereas in the case of migraine, existing findings pave the way for testing EPCs in in vitro studies. This review aims to thoroughly summarize current knowledge on the role EPCs in four disorders with neurovascular involvement, which are Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral small vessel disease, ischemic stroke and migraine, with a particular focus on the potential practical use of these cells as a treatment remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rudnicka-Drożak
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Langiewicza 6a, 20-035 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Drożak
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Langiewicza 6a, 20-035 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-669-084-455
| | - Grzegorz Mizerski
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Langiewicza 6a, 20-035 Lublin, Poland
| | - Martyna Drożak
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Langiewicza 6a, 20-035 Lublin, Poland
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17
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He T, Yang GY, Zhang Z. Crosstalk of Astrocytes and Other Cells during Ischemic Stroke. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060910. [PMID: 35743941 PMCID: PMC9228674 DOI: 10.3390/life12060910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Astrocytes structurally compose tripartite synapses, blood–brain barrier, and the neurovascular unit and perform multiple functions through cell-to-cell signaling of neurons, glial cells, and vasculature. The crosstalk of astrocytes and other cells is complicated and incompletely understood. Here we review the role of astrocytes in response to ischemic stroke, both beneficial and detrimental, from a cell–cell interaction perspective. Reactive astrocytes provide neuroprotection through antioxidation and antiexcitatory effects and metabolic support; they also contribute to neurorestoration involving neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, angiogenesis, and oligodendrogenesis by crosstalk with stem cells and cell lineage. In the meantime, reactive astrocytes also play a vital role in neuroinflammation and brain edema. Glial scar formation in the chronic phase hinders functional recovery. We further discuss astrocyte enriched microRNAs and exosomes in the regulation of ischemic stroke. In addition, the latest notion of reactive astrocyte subsets and astrocytic activity revealed by optogenetics is mentioned. This review discusses the current understanding of the intimate molecular conversation between astrocytes and other cells and outlines its potential implications after ischemic stroke. “Neurocentric” strategies may not be sufficient for neurological protection and recovery; future therapeutic strategies could target reactive astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting He
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China;
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.Y.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62933186 (G.-Y.Y.); Fax: +86-21-62932302 (G.-Y.Y.)
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.Y.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62933186 (G.-Y.Y.); Fax: +86-21-62932302 (G.-Y.Y.)
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18
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Hamid OIA, Domouky AM, El-Fakharany YM. Molecular evidence of the amelioration of toluene induced encephalopathy by human breast milk mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9194. [PMID: 35654991 PMCID: PMC9163168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Toluene was widely used volatile organic compound that accumulates in tissues with high lipid content. Stem cells have been proposed as an increasingly attractive approach for repair of damaged nervous system, we aimed to evaluate the ability of breast milk mesenchymal stem cells (MSc) to ameliorate toluene-induced encephalopathy. Sixty adult male albino rats were assigned to 3 groups, control, toluene, and toluene/breast milk-MSc. Neurological assessment was evaluated as well as serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tissue dopamine and oxidative markers. Gene expression of peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPAR-ɣ), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated. Moreover, histological and immunohistochemical investigation were done. Results revealed that toluene caused cerebral injury, as evidenced by a significant increase in serum GFAP, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), a significant decrease in serum NGF, tissue dopamine and oxidative markers, besides, a non-significant change in VEGF. Toluene also caused changes in normal cerebral structure and cellular degeneration, including a significant decrease in the total number of neurons and thickness of frontal cortex. Meninges showing signs of inflammation with inflammatory cell infiltration and exudation, a significant decrease in MBP immunoreactivity, and increase in the percent of high motility group box protein-1 (HMGB1) positive cells. PPAR- ɣ, NF-kB, and IL-6 gene expression were all considerably elevated by toluene. These changes were greatly improved by breast milk MSc. Therefore, we conclude that breast milk MSc can attenuate toluene-induced encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omaima I Abdel Hamid
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Alsharquiah, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ayat M Domouky
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Alsharquiah, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Yara M El-Fakharany
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Alsharquiah, 44519, Egypt
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19
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Salehi MS, Jurek B, Karimi-Haghighi S, Nezhad NJ, Mousavi SM, Hooshmandi E, Safari A, Dianatpour M, Haerteis S, Miyan JA, Pandamooz S, Borhani-Haghighi A. Intranasal application of stem cells and their derivatives as a new hope in the treatment of cerebral hypoxia/ischemia: a review. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:583-606. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Intranasal delivery of stem cells and conditioned medium to target the brain has attracted major interest in the field of regenerative medicine. In pre-clinical investigations during the last ten years, several research groups focused on this strategy to treat cerebral hypoxia/ischemia in neonates as well as adults. In this review, we discuss the curative potential of stem cells, stem cell derivatives, and their delivery route via intranasal application to the hypoxic/ischemic brain. After intranasal application, stem cells migrate from the nasal cavity to the injured area and exert therapeutic effects by reducing brain tissue loss, enhancing endogenous neurogenesis, and modulating cerebral inflammation that leads to functional improvements. However, application of this administration route for delivering stem cells and/or therapeutic substances to the damaged sites requires further optimization to translate the findings of animal experiments to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saied Salehi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Benjamin Jurek
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy , University of Regensburg , Regensburg 93053 , Germany
| | - Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Nahid Jashire Nezhad
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Etrat Hooshmandi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy , University of Regensburg , Regensburg 93053 , Germany
| | - Jaleel A. Miyan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology , The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , UK
| | - Sareh Pandamooz
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
| | - Afshin Borhani-Haghighi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 71936-35899 , Iran
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20
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Jiang X, Xu J, Hao X, Xue J, Li K, Jin A, Lin J, Meng X, Zheng L, Wang Y. Elevated lipoprotein(a) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 are associated with unfavorable functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:307. [PMID: 34963487 PMCID: PMC8715597 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02359-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and stroke functional outcomes was conflicting. The aim of the study was to clarify whether high Lp(a) is associated with unfavorable functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 9709 individuals from the third China National Stroke Registry cohort were recruited. Plasma level of Lp(a) at admission was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cut-off was set at the median for Lp(a). Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months and 1 year after ischemic stroke. The association between Lp(a) and functional outcomes was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results The median age was 63.0 years, and 31.1% participants were women. Patients in higher Lp(a) group had higher incidences of unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months. In logistic regression model, elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months (Q4 vs. Q1: odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.11–1.61). Subgroup analysis showed that in the lower Lp-PLA2 group, Lp(a) level was not associated with functional outcomes, but in the higher Lp-PLA2 group, Lp(a) level was significantly associated with functional outcomes. After grouped by different levels of Lp(a) and Lp-PLA2, the Lp(a) high/ Lp-PLA2 high group showed the highest incidence of unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months and 1 year. Conclusions Elevated Lp(a) level is associated with unfavorable functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. The increment in both Lp(a) and Lp-PLA2 are associated with unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months and 1 year after ischemic stroke. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02359-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiwa Hao
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Baotou Center Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Li
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxi Lin
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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21
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Dong XH, Peng C, Zhang YY, Jiang Y, Yang LJ, He JB, Tao X, Zhang C, Chen AF, Xie HH. Low-Dose Piperlongumine Rescues Impaired Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Reduces Cerebral Ischemic Injury in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:689880. [PMID: 34867315 PMCID: PMC8634707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.689880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of great clinical significance to develop potential novel strategies to prevent cardio-cerebrovascular complications in patients with hyperlipidemia. Vascular Endothelial integrity and function play a key role in the prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can home to sites of ischemic injury and promote endothelial regeneration and neovascularization. Hypercholesterolemia impairs the function of EPC. The present study attempted to identify the effect of piperlongumine on EPCs’ angiogenic potential and cerebral ischemic injury in high-fat diet-fed (HFD-fed) mice. Here, we showed that treatment with low-does piperlongumine (0.25 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks significantly improved EPCs function and reduced the cerebral ischemic injury (both infarct volumes and neurobehavioral outcomes) in HFD-fed mice. In addition, low-dose piperlongumine administration increased intracellular NO level and reduced intracellular O2- level in EPCs of HFD-fed mice. Moreover, incubation with piperlongumine (1.0 μM, 24 h) reduced thrombospondin-1/2 (TSP-1/2, a potent angiogenesis inhibitor) expression levels in EPCs from HFD-fed mice, increased the therapeutic effect of EPC from HFD-fed mice on cerebral ischemic injury reduction and angiogenesis promotion in HFD-fed mice, and the donor derived EPCs homed to the recipient ischemic brain. In conclusion, low-dose piperlongumine can enhance EPCs’ angiogenic potential and protect against cerebral ischemic injury in HFD-fed mice. It is implied that treatment with low-dose piperlongumine might be a potential option to prevent ischemic diseases (including stroke) in patients with hyperlipidemia, and priming with piperlongumine might be a feasible way to improve the efficacy of EPC-based therapy for ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Dong
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bei He
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - He-Hui Xie
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Do PT, Wu CC, Chiang YH, Hu CJ, Chen KY. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapy in Blood-Brain Barrier Preservation Following Ischemia: Molecular Mechanisms and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810045. [PMID: 34576209 PMCID: PMC8468469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a prominent pathophysiological mechanism, responsible for a series of subsequent inflammatory cascades that exacerbate the damage to brain tissue. However, the benefit of recanalization is limited in most patients because of the narrow therapeutic time window. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been assessed as excellent candidates for cell-based therapy in cerebral ischemia, including neuroinflammatory alleviation, angiogenesis and neurogenesis promotion through their paracrine actions. In addition, accumulating evidence on how MSC therapy preserves BBB integrity after stroke may open up novel therapeutic targets for treating cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of MSC-based therapy in the ischemia-induced prevention of BBB compromise. Currently, therapeutic effects of MSCs for stroke are primarily based on the fundamental pathogenesis of BBB breakdown, such as attenuating leukocyte infiltration, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) regulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, stabilizing morphology and crosstalk between cellular components of the BBB. We also discuss prospective studies to improve the effectiveness of MSC therapy through enhanced migration into defined brain regions of stem cells. Targeted therapy is a promising new direction and is being prioritized for extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thao Do
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Chung-Che Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- TMU Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-J.H.); (K.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-227361661 (ext. 3032) (C.-J.H.); +886-227361661 (ext. 7602) (K.-Y.C.)
| | - Kai-Yun Chen
- TMU Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-J.H.); (K.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-227361661 (ext. 3032) (C.-J.H.); +886-227361661 (ext. 7602) (K.-Y.C.)
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23
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Moon S, Chang MS, Koh SH, Choi YK. Repair Mechanisms of the Neurovascular Unit after Ischemic Stroke with a Focus on VEGF. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168543. [PMID: 34445248 PMCID: PMC8395233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional neural circuits are partially repaired after an ischemic stroke in the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, neurovascular units, including neurons, endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes maintain homeostasis; however, these cellular networks are damaged after an ischemic stroke. The present review discusses the repair potential of stem cells (i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial precursor cells, and neural stem cells) and gaseous molecules (i.e., nitric oxide and carbon monoxide) with respect to neuroprotection in the acute phase and regeneration in the late phase after an ischemic stroke. Commonly shared molecular mechanisms in the neurovascular unit are associated with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its related factors. Stem cells and gaseous molecules may exert therapeutic effects by diminishing VEGF-mediated vascular leakage and facilitating VEGF-mediated regenerative capacity. This review presents an in-depth discussion of the regeneration ability by which endogenous neural stem cells and endothelial cells produce neurons and vessels capable of replacing injured neurons and vessels in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhong Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Mi-Sook Chang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, Korea;
| | - Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-0558; Fax: +82-2-444-3490
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24
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Moazzami K, Wittbrodt MT, Lima BB, Kim JH, Hammadah M, Ko YA, Obideen M, Abdelhadi N, Kaseer B, Gafeer MM, Nye JA, Shah AJ, Ward L, Raggi P, Waller EK, Bremner JD, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V. Circulating Progenitor Cells and Cognitive Impairment in Men and Women with Coronary Artery Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:659-668. [PMID: 32083582 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating progenitor cells (CPC) have been associated with memory function and cognitive impairment in healthy adults. However, it is unclear whether such associations also exist in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). OBJECTIVE To assess the association between CPCs and memory performance among individuals with CAD. METHODS We assessed cognitive function in 509 patients with CAD using the verbal and visual Memory subtests of the Wechsler memory scale-IV and the Trail Making Test parts A and B. CPCs were enumerated with flow cytometry as CD45med/CD34+ blood mononuclear cells, those co-expressing other epitopes representing populations enriched for hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors. RESULTS After adjusting for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors, lower number of endothelial progenitor cell counts were independently associated with lower visual and verbal memory scores (p for all < 0.05). There was a significant interaction in the magnitude of this association with race (p < 0.01), such that the association of verbal memory scores with endothelial progenitor subsets was present in Black but not in non-Black participants. No associations were present with the hematopoietic progenitor-enriched cells or with the Trail Making Tests. CONCLUSION Lower numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with CAD, suggesting a protective effect of repair/regeneration processes in the maintenance of cognitive status. Impairment of verbal memory function was more strongly associated with lower CPC counts in Black compared to non-Black participants with CAD. Whether strategies designed to improve regenerative capacity will improve cognition needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moazzami
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew T Wittbrodt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bruno B Lima
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muhammad Hammadah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Malik Obideen
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Naser Abdelhadi
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Belal Kaseer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Mazen Gafeer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathon A Nye
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amit J Shah
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Laura Ward
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paolo Raggi
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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25
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Desjarlais M, Ruknudin P, Wirth M, Lahaie I, Dabouz R, Rivera JC, Habelrih T, Omri S, Hardy P, Rivard A, Chemtob S. Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Non-receptor Type 9 (PTPN9) Negatively Regulates the Paracrine Vasoprotective Activity of Bone-Marrow Derived Pro-angiogenic Cells: Impact on Vascular Degeneration in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:679906. [PMID: 34124069 PMCID: PMC8194284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.679906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Insufficient post-ischemic neovascularization is an initial key step in the pathogenesis of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy (OIR). During neovascularization, pro-angiogenic cells (PACs) are mobilized from the bone marrow and integrate into ischemic tissues to promote angiogenesis. However, the modulation of PAC paracrine activity during OIR and the specific mechanisms involved remain to be explored. Because Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 (PTPN9) is reported to be a negative regulator of stem cell differentiation and angiogenesis signaling, we investigated its effect on PAC activity in the context of OIR. Methods and Results In a rat model of OIR, higher levels of PTPN9 in the retina and in bone marrow derived PACs are associated with retinal avascular areas, lower levels of the mobilization factor SDF-1 and decreased number of CD34+/CD117+/CD133+ PACs. PACs exposed ex vivo to hyperoxia display increased PTPN9 expression, which is associated with impaired ability of PAC secretome to promote angiogenesis ex vivo (choroidal vascular sprouting) and in vitro (endothelial cell tubule formation) compared to the secretome of PACs maintained in normoxia. Suppression of PTPN9 (using siRNA) increases VEGF and SDF-1 expression to normalize PAC secretome during hyperoxia, leading to restored angiogenic ability of PAC secretome. Moreover, endothelial cells exposed to the secretome of siPTPN9-treated PACs expressed increased levels of activated form of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). In the rat model of OIR, intravitreal injection of secretome from siPTPN9-treated PACs significantly reduced retinal vaso-obliteration; this was associated with higher retinal levels of VEGF/SDF-1, and increased recruitment of PACs (CD34+ cells) to the retinal and choroidal vessels. Conclusion Our results suggest that hyperoxia alters the paracrine proangiogenic activity of BM-PACs by inducing PTPN9, which can contribute to impair post-ischemic revascularization in the context of OIR. Targeting PTPN9 restores PAC angiogenic properties, and provide a new target for vessel integrity in ischemic retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Desjarlais
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pakiza Ruknudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maëlle Wirth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Lahaie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rabah Dabouz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - José Carlos Rivera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Habelrih
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Samy Omri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Rivard
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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26
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Wang J, Chen S, Meghana Yerrapragada S, Zhang W, Bihl JC. Therapeutic effects of exosomes from angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 -overexpressed endothelial progenitor cells on intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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27
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Conditioned medium-preconditioned EPCs enhanced the ability in oligovascular repair in cerebral ischemia neonatal rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:118. [PMID: 33579354 PMCID: PMC7881622 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oligovascular niche mediates interactions between cerebral endothelial cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Disruption of OPC-endothelium trophic coupling may aggravate the progress of cerebral white matter injury (WMI) because endothelial cells could not provide sufficient support under diseased conditions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to ameliorate WMI in the adult brain by boosting oligovascular remodeling. It is necessary to clarify the role of the conditioned medium from hypoxic endothelial cells preconditioned EPCs (EC-pEPCs) in WMI since EPCs usually were recruited and play important roles under blood-brain barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the effects of EC-pEPCs on oligovascular remodeling in a neonatal rat model of WMI. Methods In vitro, OPC apoptosis induced by the conditioned medium from oxygen-glucose deprivation-injured brain microvascular endothelial cells (OGD-EC-CM) was analyzed by TUNEL and FACS. The effects of EPCs on EC damage and the expression of cytomokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) were examined by western blot and FACS. The effect of the CM from EC-pEPCs against OPC apoptosis was also verified by western blot and silencing RNA. In vivo, P3 rat pups were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia and treated with EPCs or EC-pEPCs at P7, and then angiogenesis and myelination together with cognitive outcome were evaluated at the 6th week. Results In vitro, EPCs enhanced endothelial function and decreased OPC apoptosis. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that OGD-EC-CM induced an increase of CXCL12 in EPCs, and CXCL12-CXCR4 axis is a key signaling since CXCR4 knockdown alleviated the anti-apoptosis effect of EPCs on OPCs. In vivo, the number of EPCs and CXCL12 protein level markedly increased in the WMI rats. Compared to the EPCs, EC-pEPCs significantly decreased OPC apoptosis, increased vascular density and myelination in the corpus callosum, and improved learning and memory deficits in the neonatal rat WMI model. Conclusions EC-pEPCs more effectively promote oligovascular remodeling and myelination via CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the neonatal rat WMI model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4.
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Gao L, Song Z, Mi J, Hou P, Xie C, Shi J, Li Y, Manaenko A. The Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Cell Therapy on Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity After Ischemic Stroke. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:1213-1226. [PMID: 32928089 PMCID: PMC7770640 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200914162013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability worldwide. However, efficient therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Stem/progenitor cell-based therapy, with its vigorous advantages, has emerged as a promising tool for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The mechanisms involve new neural cells and neuronal circuitry formation, antioxidation, inflammation alleviation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis promotion. In the past decades, in-depth studies have suggested that cell therapy could promote vascular stabilization and decrease blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage after ischemic stroke. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms on BBB integrity induced by the engrafted cells in ischemic stroke have not been reviewed yet. Herein, we will update the progress in research on the effects of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke and review the underlying mechanisms. First, we will present an overview of BBB dysfunction under the ischemic condition and cells engraftment for ischemic treatment. Then, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the effects and underlying mechanisms of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke. In particular, we will review the most recent studies in regard to the relationship between cell therapy and BBB in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-mediated therapy and diabetic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Zhenghong Song
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Jianhua Mi
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Pinpin Hou
- Central Laboratory, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Departmeng of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jianquan Shi
- Departmeng of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Ma Y, Jiang L, Wang L, Li Y, Liu Y, Lu W, Shi R, Zhang L, Fu Z, Qu M, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY. Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation alleviated ischemic brain injury via inhibiting C3/C3aR pathway in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:2374-2386. [PMID: 31865842 PMCID: PMC7820683 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19892777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic approach in brain ischemia. However, whether the therapeutic effect of endothelial progenitor cells is via affecting complement activation is unknown. We established a mouse focal ischemia model (n = 111) and transplanted endothelial progenitor cells into the peri-infarct region immediately after brain ischemia. Neurological outcomes and brain infarct/atrophy volume were examined after ischemia. Expression of C3, C3aR and pro-inflammatory factors were further examined to explore the role of endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic brain. We found that endothelial progenitor cells improved neurological outcomes and reduced brain infarct/atrophy volume after 1 to 14 days of ischemia compared to the control (p < 0.05). C3 and C3aR expression in the brain was up-regulated at 1 day up to 14 days (p < 0.05). Endothelial progenitor cells reduced astrocyte-derived C3 (p < 0.05) and C3aR expression (p < 0.05) after ischemia. Endothelial progenitor cells also reduced inflammatory response after ischemia (p < 0.05). Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation reduced astrocyte-derived C3 expression in the brain after ischemic stroke, together with decreased C3aR and inflammatory response contributing to neurological function recovery. Our results indicate that modulating complement C3/C3aR pathway is a novel therapeutic target for the ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rubing Shi
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongjie Fu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meijie Qu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingling Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Kukumberg M, Zaw AM, Wong DHC, Toh CM, Chan BPL, Seet RCS, Wong PTH, Yim EKF. Characterization and Functional Assessment of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:952-967. [PMID: 33170433 PMCID: PMC7653671 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), found in the bone marrow and peripheral blood as rare cell population, demonstrated a high proliferation and differentiation capacity. Understanding how such diseases influence the quantity and functionality of EPCs is essential for the development of novel therapies. This study aims to investigate the factors that affect the quantity and functionality of circulating EPCs in stroke patients and healthy controls. Blood samples were collected once from healthy donors (n = 30) and up to 3 times (within 7 days (baseline), 3 and 12 months post-stroke) from stroke patients (n = 207). EPC subpopulations were isolated with flow cytometry for characterization. The Matrigel tubular formation assay was performed as a measure of functionality. An increased amount of circulating EPCs was observed in stroke patients over 45 years when compared to age-matched healthy individuals. EPCs showed a rising trend in stroke patients over the 12-month post-stroke period, reaching statistical significance at 12 months post-stroke. Isolated CD34+KDR+ cells from stroke patients showed impairment in tubular formation capability when compared to cells from healthy donors. The quantity and vasculogenic function of circulating EPCs in peripheral blood have been effectively evaluated in stroke patients and healthy control donors in this study. Age and stroke are found to be 2 influencing factors on the angiogenic capacity. It is suggested that the increase in EPC number is triggered by the recovery response following ischemic stroke. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kukumberg
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, #05-01 T-lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Aung Moe Zaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Daniel H C Wong
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, #05-01 T-lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16, Medical Drive, #04-01, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Chin Min Toh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16, Medical Drive, #04-01, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Bernard P L Chan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raymond C S Seet
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 10, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ride Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Peter T H Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16, Medical Drive, #04-01, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, #05-01 T-lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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31
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Chumnanvej S, Chumnanvej S. Autologous bone-marrow mononuclear stem cell therapy in patients with stroke: a meta-analysis of comparative studies. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:74. [PMID: 32993677 PMCID: PMC7526242 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-00819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a need to promote recovery after stroke with novel therapeutic interventions. Of them, bone-marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) therapy offers promising outcomes in preclinical and clinical models. Aims To investigate the efficacy and safety of BM-MNCs versus traditional medical care of stroke patients. Summary of review A meta-analysis was conducted involving controlled prospective studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) which investigated the changes in the scores of neurological functions (the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]), the indices of functional recovery (the Barthel Index [BI] and the modified Rankin scale [mRS]) at 3 and 6 month post-transplantation. A total of nine studies (five RCTs) recruited 469 stroke patients (65.5% males, 49.25% received the intervention). There were no significant differences in NIHSS, BI, or mRS scores after 3 months of follow-up. However, the BI indices of BM-MNCs-receiving patients improved significantly after 6 months (standardized mean difference = 1.17, 95% confidence interval, 0.23 to 2.10, P = 0.01) as compared to traditional treatment. The risk of mortality and adverse events and the proportion of patients with favorable outcomes (mRS ≤ 3) were similar in both groups. Conclusion Both the BM-MNCs and medical stroke treatment have similar outcomes in terms of safety and short-term efficacy, while the effect of therapy is significant only after 6 months. More well-designed, large sized RCTs are needed to confirm the efficacy of stem cell therapy over long periods of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorayouth Chumnanvej
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siriluk Chumnanvej
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Room, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Erythropoietin Preconditioning Mobilizes Endothelial Progenitor Cells to Attenuate Nephron-Sparing Surgery-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2955-2963. [PMID: 32703672 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in protection against ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) in a nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) rat model using erythropoietin (EPO) preconditioning. Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups for right kidney nephrectomy treatment: sham group (exposure without clamp treatment), NSS group (3 days of peritoneal phosphate buffered saline [PBS] injection before renal blood vessels were clamped for 40 mins and NSS was performed), and EPO group (3 days of EPO abdomen injections prior to renal blood vessel clamping for 40 min before NSS was performed). After 12, 24, and 72 hours, inferior vena cava blood and renal tissues were harvested. The extent of renal injury was assessed, along with EPC number, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular growth factor expression. EPO preconditioning significantly improved renal function and histologic morphology, indicated by reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ([33.12 ± 1.88] vs [16.03 ± 0.91], P < .05) and serum creatinine (Scr) ([190.2 ± 20.23] vs [77.23 ± 5.82], P < .05) levels and histologic injury scores ([3.20 ± 0.78] vs [1.70 ± 0.67], P < .05). Angiogenesis in peritubular capillaries markedly increased in the EPO group. EPC numbers increased in the kidneys at 24 hours following reperfusion in the EPO group, compared to the NSS group. Furthermore, EPO preconditioning also increased SDF-1α and CXCR7 expression at 24 hours following reperfusion relative to the NSS group. These findings suggest that EPO pretreatment can reduce renal injury in rats caused by IRI. Mechanistically, this may be related to EPC mobilization and recruitment to injured renal tissues by SDF-1α and CXCR7.
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells as a Marker of Vascular Damage But not a Predictor in Acute Microangiopathy-Associated Stroke. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072248. [PMID: 32679827 PMCID: PMC7408782 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to assess the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with acute stroke due to cerebral microangiopathy and evaluate whether there is a relationship between their number and clinical status, radiological findings, risk factors, selected biochemical parameters, and prognosis, both in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: In total, 66 patients with lacunar ischemic stroke, 38 patients with typical location hemorrhagic stroke, and 22 subjects from the control group without acute cerebrovascular incidents were included in the prospective observational study. The number of EPCs was determined in serum on the first and eighth day after stroke onset using flow cytometry and identified with the immune-phenotype classification determinant (CD)45−, CD34+, CD133+. Results: We demonstrated a significantly higher number of EPCs on the first day of stroke compared to the control group (med. 17.75 cells/µL (0–488 cells/µL) vs. 5.24 cells/µL (0–95 cells/µL); p = 0.0006). We did not find a relationship between the number of EPCs in the acute phase of stroke and the biochemical parameters, vascular risk factors, or clinical condition. In females, the higher number of EPCs on the first day of stroke is related to a favorable functional outcome on the eighth day after the stroke onset compared to males (p = 0.0355). We found that a higher volume of the hemorrhagic focus on the first day was correlated with a lower number of EPCs on the first day (correlation coefficient (R) = −0.3378, p = 0.0471), and a higher number of EPCs on the first day of the hemorrhagic stroke was correlated with a lower degree of regression of the hemorrhagic focus (R = −0.3896, p = 0.0367). Conclusion: The study showed that endothelial progenitor cells are an early marker in acute microangiopathy-associated stroke regardless of etiology and may affect the radiological findings in hemorrhagic stroke. Nevertheless, their prognostic value remains doubtful in stroke patients.
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Mangin G, Kubis N. Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: How to Turn a Promising Preclinical Research into a Successful Clinical Story. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:176-193. [PMID: 30443706 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a major public health issue with limited treatment. The pharmacologically or mechanically removing of the clot is accessible to less than 10% of the patients. Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative strategy since it increases the therapeutic time window but many issues remain unsolved. To avoid a new dramatic failure when translating experimental data on the bedside, this review aims to highlight the indispensable checkpoints to make a successful clinical trial based on the current preclinical literature. The large panel of progenitors/ stem cells at the researcher's disposal is to be used wisely, regarding the type of cells, the source of cells, the route of delivery, the time window, since it will directly affect the outcome. Mechanisms are still incompletely understood, although recent studies have focused on the inflammation modulation of most cells types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie Kubis
- INSERM U965, F-75475, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, F-75475, Paris, France. .,Service de Physiologie Clinique-Explorations Fonctionnelles, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, F-75475, Paris, France.
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Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation restores vascular injury in mice after whole-brain irradiation. Brain Res 2020; 1746:147005. [PMID: 32622827 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular damage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury (RBI). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are responsible for maintaining and repairing endothelial function, and have become a promising method for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. However, whether EPC transplantation plays a protective role in RBI has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of bone marrow-derived EPC transplantation in a whole-brain irradiation (WBI) mouse model. Mice were divided into the three groups: control group, irradiation group and EPCs group. Phosphate buffered saline or EPCs were intravenously injected into mice one week after irradiation, and brains were analyzed eight weeks after injection. Flow cytometry demonstrated that irradiation led to a significant reduction in the peripheral blood EPC count; however, EPC transplantation led to a significant increase in the circulating EPCs. Intravital two-photon imaging and western blotting demonstrated that EPC transplantation reversed the effects of irradiation by decreasing blood-brain barrier permeability and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in the brain. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining revealed that the brain microvascular density was higher in the EPCs group than the irradiation group. Therefore, EPC transplantation may restore damage caused by WBI to the blood-brain barrier, tight junctions, and cerebral capillary density. These results highlight the potential beneficial effects of EPC transplantation on vascular damage induced by RBI.
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Stem Cells as Drug-like Biologics for Mitochondrial Repair in Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070615. [PMID: 32630218 PMCID: PMC7407993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating condition characterized by widespread cell death after disruption of blood flow to the brain. The poor regenerative capacity of neural cells limits substantial recovery and prolongs disruptive sequelae. Current therapeutic options are limited and do not adequately address the underlying mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the stroke. These same mitochondrial impairments that result from acute cerebral ischemia are also present in retinal ischemia. In both cases, sufficient mitochondrial activity is necessary for cell survival, and while astrocytes are able to transfer mitochondria to damaged tissues to rescue them, they do not have the capacity to completely repair damaged tissues. Therefore, it is essential to investigate this mitochondrial transfer pathway as a target of future therapeutic strategies. In this review, we examine the current literature pertinent to mitochondrial repair in stroke, with an emphasis on stem cells as a source of healthy mitochondria. Stem cells are a compelling cell type to study in this context, as their ability to mitigate stroke-induced damage through non-mitochondrial mechanisms is well established. Thus, we will focus on the latest preclinical research relevant to mitochondria-based mechanisms in the treatment of cerebral and retinal ischemia and consider which stem cells are ideally suited for this purpose.
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37
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Lu Y, Lu X, Zhang C, Marchand PJ, Lesage F. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography imaging of tissue repair and microvasculature regeneration and function after targeted cerebral ischemia. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-15. [PMID: 32285652 PMCID: PMC7152803 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.4.046002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Understanding how the brain recovers from cerebral tissue and vascular damage after an ischemic event can help develop new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of stroke. AIM We investigated cerebral tissue repair and microvasculature regeneration and function after a targeted ischemic stroke. APPROACH Following photothrombosis occlusion of microvasculature, chronic optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based angiography was used to track ischemic tissue repair and microvasculature regeneration at three different cortical depths and up to 28 days in awake animals. Capillary network orientation analysis was performed to study the structural pattern of newly formed microvasculature. Based on the time-resolved OCT-angiography, we also investigated capillary stalling, which is likely related to ischemic stroke-induced inflammation. RESULTS Deeper cerebral tissue was found to have a larger ischemic area than shallower regions at any time point during the course of poststroke recovery, which suggests that cerebral tissue located deep in the cortex is more vulnerable. Regenerated microvasculature had a highly organized pattern at all cortical depths with a higher degree of structural reorganization in deeper regions. Additionally, capillary stalling event analysis revealed that cerebral ischemia augmented stalling events considerably. CONCLUSION Longitudinal OCT angiography reveals that regenerated capillary network has a highly directional pattern and an increased density and incidence of capillary stalling event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankang Lu
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Optique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Xuecong Lu
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Optique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cong Zhang
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Optique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul J. Marchand
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Optique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Optique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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The Protective Effect of Adiponectin-Transfected Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Cognitive Function in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:1273198. [PMID: 32273888 PMCID: PMC7125484 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1273198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process involving the cumulative effects of inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dynamics, which can produce complex structural and biochemical alterations to the nervous system and lead to dysfunction of microcirculation, blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other problems in the brain. Long-term injection of D-galactose (D-gal) can induce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, accelerating aging. The model of accelerated aging with long-term administration of D-gal have been widely used in anti-aging studies, due to the increase of chronic inflammation and decline of cognition that similarity with natural aging in animals. However, despite extensive researches in the D-gal-induced aging rats, studies on their microvasculature remain limited. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are precursors to endothelial cells (ECs), play a significant role in the repair and regeneration process of endogenous blood vessel, and adiponectin (APN), a protein derived from adipocyte, has many effects on protective vascular endothelium and anti-inflammatory. Recently, many studies have shown that APN can promote improvements in cognitive function. Under these circumstances, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of the APN-transfected EPC (APN-EPC) treatment on rats after administration with D-gal and explored the likely underlying mechanisms. Compared to model group for D-gal administration, better cognitive function and denser microvessels were significantly found in the APN-EPC treatment group, and indicated APN-EPC treatment in aging rats could improve the cognitive dysfunction and microvessel density. The level of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, activated astrocytes and apoptosis rate were significantly reduced in the APN-EPC group compared with the model group, showed that APN-EPCs alleviated the neuroinflammation in aging rats. In addition, the APN-EPC group inhibited the decrease of BBB-related proteins claudin-5, occludin, and Zo-1 in aging rats and attenuated BBB dysfunction significantly. These results of our study indicated that APN-EPC treatment in D-gal-induced aging rats have a positive effect on improving cognitive and BBB dysfunction, increasing angiogenesis, and reducing neuroinflammation and apoptosis rate. This research suggests that cell therapy via gene modification may provide a safe and effective approach for the treatment of age-related neurogenerative diseases.
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Venkat P, Cui C, Chen Z, Chopp M, Zacharek A, Landschoot-Ward J, Culmone L, Yang XP, Xu J, Chen J. CD133+Exosome Treatment Improves Cardiac Function after Stroke in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:112-124. [PMID: 32198711 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac complications post-stroke are common, and diabetes exacerbates post-stroke cardiac injury. In this study, we tested whether treatment with exosomes harvested from human umbilical cord blood derived CD133+ cells (CD133+Exo) improves cardiac function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stroke mice. Adult (3-4 m), male, BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db, T2DM) and non-DM (db+) mice were randomized to sham or photothrombotic stroke groups. T2DM-stroke mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or CD133+Exo (20 μg, i.v.) at 3 days after stroke. T2DM sham and T2DM+CD133+Exo treatment groups were included as controls. Echocardiography was performed, and mice were sacrificed at 28 days after stroke. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial capillary density, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammatory factor expression were measured in the heart. MicroRNA-126 expression and its target gene expression were measured in the heart. T2DM mice exhibit significant cardiac deficits such as decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (LVSF), increased left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVDD), and reduced heart rate compared to non-DM mice. Stroke in non-DM and T2DM mice significantly decreases LVEF compared to non-DM and T2DM-sham, respectively. Cardiac dysfunction is worse in T2DM-stroke mice compared to non-DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment of T2DM-stroke mice significantly improves cardiac function identified by increased LVEF and decreased LVDD compared to PBS treated T2DM-stroke mice. In addition, CD133+Exo treatment significantly decreases body weight and blood glucose but does not decrease lesion volume in T2DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment of T2DM mice significantly decreases body weight and blood glucose but does not improve cardiac function. CD133+Exo treatment in T2DM-stroke mice significantly decreases myocardial cross-sectional area, interstitial fibrosis, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), numbers of M1 macrophages, and oxidative stress markers 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal) and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) in heart tissue. CD133+Exo treatment increases myocardial capillary density in T2DM-stroke mice as well as upregulates endothelial cell capillary tube formation in vitro. MiR-126 is highly expressed in CD133+Exo compared to exosomes derived from endothelial cells. Compared to PBS treatment, CD133+Exo treatment significantly increases miR-126 expression in the heart and decreases its target gene expression such as Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (Spred-1), vascular cell adhesion protein (VCAM), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) in the heart of T2DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment significantly improves cardiac function in T2DM-stroke mice. The cardio-protective effects of CD133+Exo in T2DM-stroke mice may be attributed at least in part to increasing miR-126 expression and decreasing its target protein expression in the heart, increased myocardial capillary density and decreased cardiac inflammatory factor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Venkat
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Chengcheng Cui
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
| | - Alex Zacharek
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | | | - Lauren Culmone
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Moxibustion therapy improving delayed memory deficits via promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis of hippocampus in a vascular dementia rat model. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-019-1140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Kwon JI, Woo CW, Kim KW, Choi Y, Kim ST, Kim YJ, Kang J, Lee DW, Tak E, Kim JK, Jung SC, Kim TH, Woo DC. Does the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value Predict Permanent Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats? Acad Radiol 2019; 26:e348-e354. [PMID: 30661976 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Variation in tissue damage after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can cause uncertainty in stroke-related studies, which can be reduced if the damage can be predicted early after ischemia by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). We investigated whether ADC measurement in the acute phase can predict permanent cerebral I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established using the intraluminal suture method to induce 60 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion in rats. T2-weighted images and diffusion-weighted images were obtained at 30 minutes and 24 hours after ischemia. Neuronal cell survival was assessed by neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunofluorescence staining. The correlation between relative ADC (rADC) values at 30 minutes and I/R injury at 24 hours after ischemia was analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging results were confirmed by histologic analysis. RESULTS The correlation between rADC values at 30 minutes and 24 hours was strong in the ischemic core and peri-infarct region but moderate in the anterior choroidal and hypothalamic region. Histologic analysis revealed that the correlation between rADC values at 30 minutes and the number of NeuN-positive cells at 24 hours was strong in the ischemic core and peri-infarct region but moderate in the anterior choroidal and hypothalamic region. Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation between the sum of rADC values of three regions at 30 minutes and the infarct volume at 24 hours. CONCLUSION ADC measurement in the acute phase can predict permanent cerebral I/R injury and provide important information for the evaluation of ischemic stroke.
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Wang J, Lin X, Mu Z, Shen F, Zhang L, Xie Q, Tang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY. Rapamycin Increases Collateral Circulation in Rodent Brain after Focal Ischemia as detected by Multiple Modality Dynamic Imaging. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4923-4934. [PMID: 31410191 PMCID: PMC6691378 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Brain collaterals contribute to improving ischemic stroke outcomes. However, dynamic and timely investigations of collateral blood flow and collateral restoration in whole brains of living animals have rarely been reported. Methods: Using multiple modalities of imaging, including synchrotron radiation angiography, laser speckle imaging, and micro-CT imaging, we dynamically explored collateral circulation throughout the whole brain in the rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Results: We demonstrated that compared to control animals, 4 neocollaterals gradually formed between the intra- and extra-arteries in the skull base of model animals after occlusion (p<0.05). Two main collaterals were critical to the supply of blood from the posterior to the middle cerebral artery territory in the deep brain (p<0.05). Abundant small vessel and capillary anastomoses were detected on the surface of the cortex between the posterior and middle cerebral artery and between the anterior and middle cerebral artery (p<0.05). Collateral perfusion occurred immediately (≈15 min) and was maintained for up to 14 days after occlusion. Further study revealed that administration of rapamycin at 15 min after MCAO dilated the existing collateral vessels and promoted collateral perfusion. Principal conclusions: Our results provide evidence of collateral functional perfusion in the skull base, deep brain, and surface of the cortex. Rapamycin was capable of enlarging the diameter of collaterals, potentially extending the time window for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Zhao H, Mao J, Yuan Y, Feng J, Cheng H, Fan G, Zhang Y, Li T. Sodium Dichloroacetate Stimulates Angiogenesis by Improving Endothelial Precursor Cell Function in an AKT/GSK-3β/Nrf2 Dependent Pathway in Vascular Dementia Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:523. [PMID: 31156438 PMCID: PMC6533549 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) is a mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor, and has been shown to display vasoprotective effects in chronic ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of DCA on vascular dementia (VD) and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-mediated angiogenesis. After cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, DCA was administered continuously for 21 days; following which, histological analysis, and cognitive functional tests were conducted. Rat bone marrow-derived EPCs were isolated, their function and quantity were measured, and the effects of long-term administration of DCA on EPCs in a rat model of VD was studied. We found that long-term DCA administration improved cognitive function in VD rats, reduced brain infarct size and brain atrophy, increased VEGF and bFGF levels in vivo, promoted angiogenesis in damaged areas, and significantly improved EPC function in VD rats. Compared with the VD group, AKT, Nrf2, eNOS expression, and intracellular NO levels were elevated in EPCs of DCA-treated VD rats. In addition, GSK3β and intracellular ROS levels were decreased. Simultaneously, it was found that DCA directly acted on EPCs, and improved EPC functional behavior. Taken together, these findings suggested that long-term DCA administration improved cognitive function in a rat model of VD, and did so in part, by improving EPC function. Observations suggest that prolonged DCA administration might be beneficial in treating VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Junqin Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuefan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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44
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Lee SH, Ra JC, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Setyawan EMN, Choi YB, Yang JW, Kang SK, Han SH, Kim GA, Lee BC. Clinical Assessment of Intravenous Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Dogs. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:943-954. [PMID: 31018670 PMCID: PMC6719494 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718821686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been applied for cell therapy because of their roles in angiogenesis and neovascularization in ischemic tissue. However, adverse responses caused by EPC therapy have not been fully investigated. In this study, a human peripheral blood sample was collected from a healthy donor and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated using Ficoll-Hypaque. There were four experimental groups: 10 ml saline infusion group (injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml saline bolus group (injection rate; 60 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs infusion group (2 x 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs bolus group (2 × 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 60 ml/min). Clinical assessment included physical examination and laboratory examination for intravenous human EPC transplantation in dogs. The results revealed no remarkable findings in vital signs among the dogs used. In blood analysis, platelet counts in saline infusion groups were significantly higher than in the EPC groups within normal ranges, and no significant differences were observed except K+, Cl- and blood urea nitrogen/urea. In ELISA assay, no significant difference was observed in serum tumor necrosis factor alpha. The serum concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly higher in EPC groups than in saline groups, and interleukin 10 was significantly up-regulated in the EPC infusion group compared with other groups. In conclusion, we demonstrated that no clinical abnormalities were detected after intravenous transplantation of human EPCs in dogs. The transplanted xenogenic EPCs might be involved in anti-inflammatory and angiogenic functions in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Ra
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Yang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyup Han
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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45
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Baez-Jurado E, Hidalgo-Lanussa O, Barrera-Bailón B, Sahebkar A, Ashraf GM, Echeverria V, Barreto GE. Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Protective Effects on Brain Pathologies. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6902-6927. [PMID: 30941733 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a fundamental role in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. There is strong evidence showing that much of the beneficial effects of these cells are due to the secretion of bioactive molecules-besides microRNAs, hormones, and neurotrophins-with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, angiogenic, and trophic effects. These factors have been reported by many studies to possess protective effects on the nervous tissue. Although the beneficial effects of the secretory factors of MSCs have been suggested for various neurological diseases, their actions on astrocytic cells are not well understood. Hence, it is important to recognize the specific effects of MSCs derived from adipose tissue, in addition to the differences presented by the secretome, depending on the source and methods of analysis. In this paper, the different sources of MSCs and their main characteristics are described, as well as the most significant advances in regeneration and protection provided by the secretome of MSCs. Also, we discuss the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action of the MSC-derived biomolecules, with special emphasis on the effect of MSCs derived from adipose tissue and their impact on glial cells and brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Baez-Jurado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Biviana Barrera-Bailón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
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Ozaki T, Nakamura H, Kishima H. Therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke with the concept of neurovascular unit. Neurochem Int 2019; 126:246-251. [PMID: 30946849 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally. Although thrombolytic therapy by t-PA and mechanical thrombectomy have improved outcomes of ischemic stroke patients, both of these approaches are applicable to limited numbers of patients owing to their time constraints. Therefore, development of other treatment approaches such as developing neuroprotective drugs and nerve regeneration therapy is required to overcome ischemic stroke. The concept of the neurovascular unit (NVU) was formalized by the Stroke Progress Review Group of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in 2001. This concept emphasizes the importance not just of neurons but of the interactions between neurons, endothelial cells, astroglia, microglia and associated tissue matrix proteins to investigate the pathological condition of ischemic stroke. Many reports have been published about these interactions. This review focuses on the roles of cells that surround cerebral vasculature, especially endothelial cells, and reports therapeutic strategies against ischemic stroke from four points of view including angiogenesis, neurotrophic effects, protection of NVU components and regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Ozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan.
| | - Hajime Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kishima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
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47
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Human Bone Marrow Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation into Symptomatic ALS Mice Delays Disease Progression and Increases Motor Neuron Survival by Repairing Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5280. [PMID: 30918315 PMCID: PMC6437219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Convincing evidence demonstrated impairment of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), mainly by endothelial cell (EC) alterations. Replacing damaged ECs by cell transplantation is a potential barrier repair strategy. Recently, we showed that intravenous (iv) administration of human bone marrow CD34+ (hBM34+) cells into symptomatic ALS mice benefits BSCB restoration and postpones disease progression. However, delayed effect on motor function and some severely damaged capillaries were noted. We hypothesized that hematopoietic cells from a restricted lineage would be more effective. This study aimed to establish the effects of human bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (hBMEPCs) systemically transplanted into G93A mice at symptomatic disease stage. Results showed that transplanted hBMEPCs significantly improved behavioral disease outcomes, engrafted widely into capillaries of the gray/white matter spinal cord and brain motor cortex/brainstem, substantially restored capillary ultrastructure, significantly decreased EB extravasation into spinal cord parenchyma, meaningfully re-established perivascular astrocyte end-feet, and enhanced spinal cord motor neuron survival. These results provide novel evidence that transplantation of hBMEPCs effectively repairs the BSCB, potentially preventing entry of detrimental peripheral factors, including immune/inflammatory cells, which contribute to motor neuron dysfunction. Transplanting EC progenitor cells may be a promising strategy for barrier repair therapy in this disease.
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48
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Qu M, Pan J, Wang L, Zhou P, Song Y, Wang S, Jiang L, Geng J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Tang Y, Yang GY. MicroRNA-126 Regulates Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis in a Mouse Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:15-25. [PMID: 30825669 PMCID: PMC6393705 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies demonstrate that microRNA-126 plays a critical role in promoting angiogenesis. However, its effects on angiogenesis following ischemic stroke are unclear. Here, we explored the effect of microRNA-126-3p and microRNA-126-5p on angiogenesis and neurogenesis after brain ischemia. We demonstrated that both microRNA (miRNA)-126-3p and microRNA-126-5p increased the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared with the scrambled miRNA control (p < 0.05). Transferring microRNA-126 into a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model via lentivirus, we found that microRNA-126 overexpression increased the number of CD31+/BrdU+ (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive) proliferating endothelial cells and DCX+/BrdU+ neuroblasts in the ischemic mouse brain, improved neurobehavioral outcomes (p < 0.05), and reduced brain atrophy volume (p < 0.05) compared with control mice. Western blot results showed that AKT and ERK signaling pathways were activated in the lentiviral-microRNA-126-treated group (p < 0.05). Both PCR and western blot results demonstrated that tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 (PTPN9) was decreased in the lentiviral-microRNA-126-treated group (p < 0.05). Dual-luciferase gene reporter assay also showed that PTPN9 was the direct target of microRNA-126-3p and microRNA-126-5p in the ischemic brain. We demonstrated that microRNA-126-3p and microRNA-126-5p promoted angiogenesis and neurogenesis in ischemic mouse brain, and further improved neurobehavioral outcomes. Our mechanistic study further showed that microRNA-126 mediated angiogenesis through directly inhibiting its target PTPN9 and activating AKT and ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Qu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiaji Pan
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Panting Zhou
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yaying Song
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jieli Geng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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49
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Astrocyte Signaling in the Neurovascular Unit After Central Nervous System Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020282. [PMID: 30642007 PMCID: PMC6358919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes comprise the major non-neuronal cell population in the mammalian neurovascular unit. Traditionally, astrocytes are known to play broad roles in central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, including the management of extracellular ion balance and pH, regulation of neurotransmission, and control of cerebral blood flow and metabolism. After CNS injury, cell–cell signaling between neuronal, glial, and vascular cells contribute to repair and recovery in the neurovascular unit. In this mini-review, we propose the idea that astrocytes play a central role in organizing these signals. During CNS recovery, reactive astrocytes communicate with almost all CNS cells and peripheral progenitors, resulting in the promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis, regulation of inflammatory response, and modulation of stem/progenitor response. Reciprocally, changes in neurons and vascular components of the remodeling brain should also influence astrocyte signaling. Therefore, understanding the complex and interdependent signaling pathways of reactive astrocytes after CNS injury may reveal fundamental mechanisms and targets for re-integrating the neurovascular unit and augmenting brain recovery.
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50
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KIM GA, LEE Y, KIM HJ, OH HJ, KANG SK, RA JC, LEE BC. Intravenous human endothelial progenitor cell administration into aged mice enhances embryo development and oocyte quality by reducing inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1905-1913. [PMID: 30369585 PMCID: PMC6305508 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been proposed to restore the function and structure of injured tissues. In the present study, we investigated the ability of human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) to attenuate ovarian aging and dysfunction. Female ICR mice aged 4 and 6 months were injected with cultured hEPCs. Cultured hEPCs were injected intravenously twice with 5 × 104 cells with a 4 day interval. After pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation, oocytes and ovaries of aged mice were collected, cumulus-free oocytes were activated by SrCl2 and gene expression levels related to inflammation, apoptosis, follicle development and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ovaries were compared. Administration of hEPCs attenuated the level of inflammatory cytokines and adverse apoptotic factor, as well as reducing ER stress in the ovaries. Increased cleavage and blastocyst formation rates and cell numbers in blastocysts from hEPCs-treated aged mice vs. same aged control mice demonstrated a protective function of hEPCs against reproductive aging. Based on these data, we suggest that treatment with hEPCs attenuates reproductive aging and dysfunction potentially via regulation of inflammation, apoptosis and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon A KIM
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae LEE
- Hankuk Academy of Foreign Studies, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do
17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin KIM
- Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of
Korea
| | - Hyun Ju OH
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun KANG
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul
08506, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan RA
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul
08506, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun LEE
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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