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Giannessi F, Di Cataldo S, Saha S, Boeri L. A database of high-pressure crystal structures from hydrogen to lanthanum. Sci Data 2024; 11:766. [PMID: 38997300 PMCID: PMC11245481 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper introduces the HEX (High-pressure Elemental Xstals) database, a complete database of the ground-state crystal structures of the first 57 elements of the periodic table, from H to La, at 0, 100, 200 and 300 GPa. HEX aims to provide a unified reference for high-pressure research, by compiling all available experimental information on elements at high pressure, and complementing it with the results of accurate evolutionary crystal structure prediction runs based on Density Functional Theory. Besides offering a much-needed reference, our work also serves as a benchmark of the accuracy of current ab-initio methods for crystal structure prediction. We find that, in 98% of the cases in which experimental information is available, ab-initio crystal structure prediction yields structures which either coincide or are degenerate in enthalpy to within 300 K with experimental ones. The main manuscript contains synthetic tables and figures, while the Crystallographic Information File (cif) for all structures can be downloaded from the related figshare online repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Giannessi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Via Vetoio 40, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
- Enrico Fermi Research Center, Via Panisperna 89 A, 00184, Rome, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Di Cataldo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Wien University of Technology, 1040, Wien, Austria
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Santanu Saha
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques (IRCER), UMR CNRS 7315-Université de Limoges, Limoges, 87068, France
| | - Lilia Boeri
- Enrico Fermi Research Center, Via Panisperna 89 A, 00184, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Rome, Italy
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2
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Manjón FJ, Osman HH, Savastano M, Vegas Á. Electron-Deficient Multicenter Bonding in Phase Change Materials: A Chance for Reconciliation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2840. [PMID: 38930210 PMCID: PMC11204841 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In the last few years, a controversy has been raised regarding the nature of the chemical bonding present in phase change materials (PCMs), many of which are minerals such as galena (PbS), clausthalite (PbSe), and altaite (PbTe). Two opposite bonding models have claimed to be able to explain the extraordinary properties of PCMs in the last decade: the hypervalent (electron-rich multicenter) bonding model and the metavalent (electron-deficient) bonding model. In this context, a third bonding model, the electron-deficient multicenter bonding model, has been recently added. In this work, we comment on the pros and cons of the hypervalent and metavalent bonding models and briefly review the three approaches. We suggest that both hypervalent and metavalent bonding models can be reconciled with the third way, which considers that PCMs are governed by electron-deficient multicenter bonds. To help supporters of the metavalent and hypervalent bonding model to change their minds, we have commented on the chemical bonding in GeSe and SnSe under pressure and in several polyiodides with different sizes and geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Manjón
- Instituto de Diseño para la Fabricación y Producción Automatizada, MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Hussien H. Osman
- Instituto de Diseño para la Fabricación y Producción Automatizada, MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales de la Universitat de València, MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Matteo Savastano
- Department of Human Sciences for the Promotion of Quality of Life, University San Raffaele Roma, via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ángel Vegas
- Universidad de Burgos, Hospital del Rey, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
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3
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Wibowo-Teale M, Huynh BC, Wibowo-Teale AM, De Proft F, Geerlings P. Symmetry and reactivity of π-systems in electric and magnetic fields: a perspective from conceptual DFT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15156-15180. [PMID: 38747576 PMCID: PMC11135622 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The extension of conceptual density-functional theory (conceptual DFT) to include external electromagnetic fields in chemical systems is utilised to investigate the effects of strong magnetic fields on the electronic charge distribution and its consequences on the reactivity of π-systems. Formaldehyde, H2CO, is considered as a prototypical example and current-density-functional theory (current-DFT) calculations are used to evaluate the electric dipole moment together with two principal local conceptual DFT descriptors, the electron density and the Fukui functions, which provide insight into how H2CO behaves chemically in a magnetic field. In particular, the symmetry properties of these quantities are analysed on the basis of group, representation, and corepresentation theories using a recently developed automatic program for symbolic symmetry analysis, QSYM2. This allows us to leverage the simple symmetry constraints on the macroscopic electric dipole moment components to make profound predictions on the more nuanced symmetry transformation properties of the microscopic frontier molecular orbitals (MOs), electron densities, and Fukui functions. This is especially useful for complex-valued MOs in magnetic fields whose detailed symmetry analyses lead us to define the new concepts of modular and phasal symmetry breaking. Through these concepts, the deep connection between the vanishing constraints on the electric dipole moment components and the symmetry of electron densities and Fukui functions can be formalised, and the inability of the magnetic field in all three principal orientations considered to induce asymmetry with respect to the molecular plane of H2CO can be understood from a molecular perspective. Furthermore, the detailed forms of the Fukui functions reveal a remarkable reversal in the direction of the dipole moment along the CO bond in the presence of a parallel or perpendicular magnetic field, the origin of which can be attributed to the mixing between the frontier MOs due to their subduced symmetries in magnetic fields. The findings in this work are also discussed in the wider context of a long-standing debate on the possibility to create enantioselectivity by external fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilani Wibowo-Teale
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Bang C Huynh
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Andrew M Wibowo-Teale
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Frank De Proft
- Research group of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Paul Geerlings
- Research group of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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4
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Zurkowski CC, Yang J, Miozzi F, Vitale S, O 'Bannon EF, Jenei Z, Chariton S, Prakapenka V, Fei Y. Exploring toroidal anvil profiles for larger sample volumes above 4 Mbar. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11412. [PMID: 38762593 PMCID: PMC11102561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the advent of toroidal and double-stage diamond anvil cells (DACs), pressures between 4 and 10 Mbar can be achieved under static compression, however, the ability to explore diverse sample assemblies is limited on these micron-scale anvils. Adapting the toroidal DAC to support larger sample volumes offers expanded capabilities in physics, chemistry, and planetary science: including, characterizing materials in soft pressure media to multi-megabar pressures, synthesizing novel phases, and probing planetary assemblages at the interior pressures and temperatures of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. Here we have continued the exploration of larger toroidal DAC profiles by iteratively testing various torus and shoulder depths with central culet diameters in the 30-50 µm range. We present a 30 µm culet profile that reached a maximum pressure of 414(1) GPa based on a Pt scale. The 300 K equations of state fit to our P-V data collected on gold and rhenium are compatible with extrapolated hydrostatic equations of state within 1% up to 4 Mbar. This work validates the performance of these large-culet toroidal anvils to > 4 Mbar and provides a promising foundation to develop toroidal DACs for diverse sample loading and laser heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C Zurkowski
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA.
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94600, USA.
| | - Jing Yang
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA
| | - Francesca Miozzi
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA
| | - Suzy Vitale
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA
| | - Earl F O 'Bannon
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94600, USA
| | - Zsolt Jenei
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94600, USA
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 434A, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Building 434A, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yingwei Fei
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20015, USA.
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Sukserm A, Ceppatelli M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Scelta D, Dziubek K, Morana M, Bini R, Peruzzini M, Bovornratanaraks T, Pinsook U, Scandolo S. Stability, Chemical Bonding, and Electron Lone Pair Localization in AsN at High Pressure by Density Functional Theory Calculations. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8142-8154. [PMID: 38640445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The covalent bonding framework of crystalline single-bonded cubic AsN, recently synthesized under high pressure and high temperature conditions in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell, is here studied by means of density functional theory calculations and compared to single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The precise localization of the nonbonding electron lone pairs and the determination of their distances and orientations are related to the presence of characteristic structural motifs and space regions of the unit cell dominated by repulsive electronic interactions, with the relative orientation of the electron lone pairs playing a key role in minimizing the energy of the structure. We find that the vibrational modes associated with the expression of the lone pairs are strongly localized, an observation that may have implications for the thermal conductivity of the compound. The results indicate the thermodynamic stability of the experimentally observed structure of AsN above ∼17 GPa, provide a detailed insight into the nature of the chemical bonding network underlying the formation of this compound, and open new perspectives to the design and high pressure synthesis of new pnictogen-based advanced materials for potential applications of energetic and technological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akkarach Sukserm
- Extreme Conditions Physics Research Laboratory and Center of Excellence in Physics of Energy Materials(CE:PEM), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Matteo Ceppatelli
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FirenzeItaly
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Demetrio Scelta
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FirenzeItaly
| | - Kamil Dziubek
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Marta Morana
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via La Pira 4, Firenze I-50121, Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FirenzeItaly
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Thiti Bovornratanaraks
- Extreme Conditions Physics Research Laboratory and Center of Excellence in Physics of Energy Materials(CE:PEM), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Udomsilp Pinsook
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phyathai Road, 10330 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sandro Scandolo
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
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6
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Pitié S, Wang B, Guégan F, Frapper G. Predicted High-Energy Density MN 8 Containing Anionic 18-Crown-6 Ring-Based Polynitrogen Monolayers Acting as Cryptand. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7293-7302. [PMID: 38605465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the potential of the 18-crown-6-like two-dimensional (2D)-N8 structure to accommodate electrons from metals without compromising its covalent nitrogen network. Employing the crystal structure prediction enhanced by evolutionary algorithm and density functional theory methodology, we successfully predicted the existence of 16 layered M@2D-N8 complexes from a total of 39 MN8 systems investigated at 100 GPa (M = s-block Na-Cs, Be-Ba and d-block Ag, Au, Cd, Hg, Hf, W, and Y). Among those, there are 13 quenchable M@2D-N8 compounds that are dynamically stable at 1 atm. Orbital interactions and bonding analysis show that 2D-N8 presents a flat localized π* band that can accommodate one or two electrons without breaking the 2D covalent nitrogen network. Depending on the metal-to-polynitrogen charge transfer (formally, 1-4 electrons), these N-rich phases are semiconducting or metallic under ambient conditions. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that K(I)@2D-N8 and Ca(II)@2D-N8 are thermally stable up to 600 K, while the Hf(IV)@2D-N8 compound is thermally not viable at 400 K because of the weakening of the N═N bonds due to a strong four-electron reduction. These metal 18-crown-6 ring-based polynitrogen compounds, as expected due to their high nitrogen content (eight nitrogen atoms per metal), could potentially serve as new high-energy density materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Pitié
- Applied Quantum Chemistry Group, E4 Team, IC2MP UMR 7285, Université de Poitiers─CNRS, Poitiers 86073, France
| | - Busheng Wang
- Applied Quantum Chemistry Group, E4 Team, IC2MP UMR 7285, Université de Poitiers─CNRS, Poitiers 86073, France
| | - Frédéric Guégan
- Applied Quantum Chemistry Group, E4 Team, IC2MP UMR 7285, Université de Poitiers─CNRS, Poitiers 86073, France
| | - Gilles Frapper
- Applied Quantum Chemistry Group, E4 Team, IC2MP UMR 7285, Université de Poitiers─CNRS, Poitiers 86073, France
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7
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Pandey P, Wang X, Gupta H, Smith PW, Lapsheva E, Carroll PJ, Bacon AM, Booth CH, Minasian SG, Autschbach J, Zurek E, Schelter EJ. Realization of Organocerium-Based Fullerene Molecular Materials Showing Mott Insulator-Type Behavior. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17857-17869. [PMID: 38533949 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Electron-rich organocerium complexes (C5Me4H)3Ce and [(C5Me5)2Ce(ortho-oxa)], with redox potentials E1/2 = -0.82 V and E1/2 = -0.86 V versus Fc/Fc+, respectively, were reacted with fullerene (C60) in different stoichiometries to obtain molecular materials. Structurally characterized cocrystals: [(C5Me4H)3Ce]2·C60 (1) and [(C5Me5)2Ce(ortho-oxa)]3·C60 (2) of C60 with cerium-based, molecular rare earth precursors are reported for the first time. The extent of charge transfer in 1 and 2 was evaluated using a series of physical measurements: FT-IR, Raman, solid-state UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The physical measurements indicate that 1 and 2 comprise the cerium(III) oxidation state, with formally neutral C60 as a cocrystal in both cases. Pressure-dependent periodic density functional theory calculations were performed to study the electronic structure of 1. Inclusion of a Hubbard-U parameter removes Ce f states from the Fermi level, opens up a band gap, and stabilizes FM/AFM magnetic solutions that are isoenergetic because of the large distances between the Ce(III) cations. The electronic structure of this strongly correlated Mott insulator-type system is reminiscent of the well-studied Ce2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Pandey
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick W Smith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ekaterina Lapsheva
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alexandra M Bacon
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Corwin H Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefan G Minasian
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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8
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Cammi R, Chen B. Activation volume and quantum tunneling in the hydrogen transfer reaction between methyl radical and methane: A first computational study. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:104103. [PMID: 38465680 DOI: 10.1063/5.0195973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a theory of the effect of quantum tunneling on the basic parameter that characterizes the effect of pressure on the rate constant of chemical reactions in a dense phase, the activation volume. This theory results in combining, on the one hand, the extreme pressure polarizable continuum model, a quantum chemical method to describe the effect of pressure on the reaction energy profile in a dense medium, and, on the other hand, the semiclassical version of the transition state theory, which includes the effect of quantum tunneling through a transmission coefficient. The theory has been applied to the study of the activation volume of the model reaction of hydrogen transfer between methyl radical and methane, including the primary isotope substitution of hydrogen with deuterium (H/D). The analysis of the numerical results offers, for the first time, a clear insight into the effect of quantum tunneling on the activation volume for this hydrogen transfer reaction: this effect results from the different influences that pressure has on the competing thermal and tunneling reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the computed kinetic isotope effect (H/D) on the activation volume for this model hydrogen transfer correlates well with the experimental data for more complex hydrogen transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cammi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Bo Chen
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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9
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Ceppatelli M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Morana M, Dziubek K, Scelta D, Garbarino G, Poręba T, Mezouar M, Bini R, Peruzzini M. High-pressure and high-temperature synthesis of crystalline Sb 3 N 5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319278. [PMID: 38156778 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A chemical reaction between Sb and N2 was induced under high-pressure (32-35 GPa) and high-temperature (1600-2200 K) conditions, generated by a laser heated diamond anvil cell. The reaction product was identified by single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction at 35 GPa and room temperature as crystalline antimony nitride with Sb3 N5 stoichiometry and structure belonging to orthorhombic space group Cmc21 . Only Sb-N bonds are present in the covalent bonding framework, with two types of Sb atoms respectively forming SbN6 distorted octahedra and trigonal prisms and three types of N atoms forming NSb4 distorted tetrahedra and NSb3 trigonal pyramids. Taking into account two longer Sb-N distances, the SbN6 trigonal prisms can be depicted as SbN8 square antiprisms and the NSb3 trigonal pyramids as NSb4 distorted tetrahedra. The Sb3 N5 structure can be described as an ordered stacking in the bc plane of bi- layers of SbN6 octahedra alternated to monolayers of SbN6 trigonal prisms (SbN8 square antiprisms). The discovery of Sb3 N5 finally represents the long sought-after experimental evidence for Sb to form a crystalline nitride, providing new insights about fundamental aspects of pnictogens chemistry and opening new perspectives for the high-pressure chemistry of pnictogen nitrides and the synthesis of an entire class of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ceppatelli
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Marta Morana
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, I-50121, Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Kamil Dziubek
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, A-1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Demetrio Scelta
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Tomasz Poręba
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff ", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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10
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Weiß R, Zeller F, Neudecker T. Calculating high-pressure vibrational frequencies analytically with the extended hydrostatic compression force field approach. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:084101. [PMID: 38385509 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the implementation of the analytical Hessian for the mechanochemical extended hydrostatic compression force field method in the Q-Chem program package. To verify the implementation, the analytical Hessian was compared with finite difference calculations. In addition, we calculated the pressure dependency of the Raman active vibrational modes of methane, ethane, and hydrogen, as well as all IR and Raman active modes of Buckminsterfullerene, and compared the results with experimental and theoretical data. Our implementation paves the way for the analysis of geometric points on a pressure-deformed potential energy surface and provides a straightforward model to calculate the vibrational properties of molecules under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Weiß
- University of Bremen, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Leobener Straße 6, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Felix Zeller
- University of Bremen, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Leobener Straße 6, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Tim Neudecker
- University of Bremen, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Leobener Straße 6, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Am Fallturm 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
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11
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Dalsaniya MH, Upadhyay D, Jan Kurzydłowski K, Kurzydłowski D. High-pressure stabilization of open-shell bromine fluorides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1762-1769. [PMID: 38165769 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Halogen fluorides are textbook examples of how fundamental chemical concepts, such as molecular orbital theory or the valence-shell electron-repulsion (VSEPR) model, can be used to understand the geometry and properties of compounds. However, it is still an open question whether these notions are applicable to matter subject to high pressure (>1 GPa). In an attempt to gain insight into this phenomenon, we present a computational study on the phase transitions and reactivity of bromine fluorides at pressures of up to 100 GPa (≈106 atm). We predict that at a moderately high pressure of 15 GPa, the bonding preference in the Br/F system should change considerably with BrF3 becoming thermodynamically unstable and two novel compounds emerging as stable species: BrF2 and BrF6. Calculations indicate that both these compounds contain radical molecules while being non-metallic. We propose a synthetic route for obtaining BrF2 which does not require the use of highly reactive elemental fluorine. Finally, we show how molecular orbital diagrams and the VSEPR model can be used to explain the properties of compressed bromine fluorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi H Dalsaniya
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-038 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Deepak Upadhyay
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-038 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Dominik Kurzydłowski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-038 Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Alonso M, Bettens T, Eeckhoudt J, Geerlings P, De Proft F. Wandering through quantum-mechanochemistry: from concepts to reactivity and switches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:21-35. [PMID: 38086672 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry has experienced a renaissance in recent years witnessing, at the molecular level, a remarkable interplay between theory and experiment. Molecular mechanochemistry has welcomed a broad spectrum of quantum-chemical methods to evaluate the influence of an external mechanical force on molecular properties. In this contribution, an overview is given on recent work on quantum mechanochemistry in the Brussels Quantum Chemistry group (ALGC). The effect of an external force was scrutinized both in fundamental topics, like reactivity descriptors in Conceptual DFT, and in applied topics, such as designing molecular force probes and tuning the stereoselectivity of certain types of reactions. In the conceptual part, a brief overview of the techniques introducing mechanical forces into a quantum-mechanical description of a molecule is followed by an introduction to conceptual DFT. The evolution of the electronic chemical potential (or electronegativity), chemical hardness and electrophilicity are investigated when a chemical bond in a series of diatomics is put under mechanical stress. Its counterpart, the influence of mechanical stress on bond angles, is analyzed by varying the strain present in alkyne triple bonds by applying a bending force, taking the strain promoted alkyne-azide coupling cycloaddition as an example. The increase of reactivity of the alkyne upon bending is probed by Fukui functions and the local softness. In the applied part, a new molecular force probe is presented based on an intramolecular 6π-electrocyclization in constrained polyenes operating under thermal conditions. A cyclic process is conceived where ring opening and closure are triggered by applying or removing an external pulling force. The efficiency of mechanical activation strongly depends on the magnitude of the applied force and the distance between the pulling points. The idea of pulling point distances as a tool to identify new mechanochemical processes is then tested in [28]hexaphyrins with an intricate equilibrium between Möbius aromatic and Hückel antiaromatic topologies. A mechanical force is shown to trigger the interconversion between the two topologies, using the distance matrix as a guide to select appropriate pulling points. In a final application, the Felkin-Anh model for the addition of nucleophiles to chiral carbonyls under the presence of an external mechanical force is scrutinized. By applying a force for restricting the conformational freedom of the chiral ketone, otherwise inaccessible reaction pathways are promoted on the force-modified potential energy surfaces resulting in a diastereoselectivity different from the force-free reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Tom Bettens
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jochen Eeckhoudt
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Paul Geerlings
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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13
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Racioppi S, Storm CV, McMahon MI, Zurek E. On the Electride Nature of Na-hP4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310802. [PMID: 37796438 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Early quantum mechanical models suggested that pressure drives solids towards free-electron metal behavior where the ions are locked into simple close-packed structures. The prediction and subsequent discovery of high-pressure electrides (HPEs), compounds assuming open structures where the valence electrons are localized in interstitial voids, required a paradigm shift. Our quantum chemical calculations on the iconic insulating Na-hP4 HPE show that increasing density causes a 3s→3pd electronic transition due to Pauli repulsion between the 1s2s and 3s states, and orthogonality of the 3pd states to the core. The large lobes of the resulting Na-pd hybrid orbitals point towards the center of an 11-membered penta-capped trigonal prism and overlap constructively, forming multicentered bonds, which are responsible for the emergence of the interstitial charge localization in Na-hP4. These multicentered bonds facilitate the increased density of this phase, which is key for its stabilization under pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Racioppi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo (USA), 777 Natural Science Complex, 14260-3000, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian V Storm
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm I McMahon
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo (USA), 777 Natural Science Complex, 14260-3000, Buffalo, NY, USA
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14
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Aslandukov A, Jurzick PL, Bykov M, Aslandukova A, Chanyshev A, Laniel D, Yin Y, Akbar FI, Khandarkhaeva S, Fedotenko T, Glazyrin K, Chariton S, Prakapenka V, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Comboni D, Hanfland M, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. Stabilization Of The CN 3 5- Anion In Recoverable High-pressure Ln 3 O 2 (CN 3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) Oxoguanidinates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311516. [PMID: 37768278 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of isostructural Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) oxoguanidinates was synthesized under high-pressure (25-54 GPa) high-temperature (2000-3000 K) conditions in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The crystal structure of this novel class of compounds was determined via synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) as well as corroborated by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) solids are composed of the hitherto unknown CN3 5- guanidinate anion-deprotonated guanidine. Changes in unit cell volumes and compressibility of Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb) compounds are found to be dictated by the lanthanide contraction phenomenon. Decompression experiments show that Ln3 O2 (CN3 ) compounds are recoverable to ambient conditions. The stabilization of the CN3 5- guanidinate anion at ambient conditions provides new opportunities in inorganic and organic synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Aslandukov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Pascal L Jurzick
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alena Aslandukova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Artem Chanyshev
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dominique Laniel
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fariia I Akbar
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Saiana Khandarkhaeva
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Davide Comboni
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BP 220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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15
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Grochala W. A focus on penetration index - a new descriptor of chemical bonding. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11597-11600. [PMID: 37920354 PMCID: PMC10619538 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc90191b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron clouds surrounding atoms interpenetrate in a molecule, due to weak van der Waals interactions or formation of a genuine chemical bond. Now, Alvarez and Echeverría (S. Alvarez, J. Echeverría, Chem. Sci., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC02238B) suggest a simple descriptor of how deep this interpenetration is, calling it a penetration index, i [Å]. This property may easily be related to a combined thickness of the van der Waals regions of two bond-forming atoms, thus giving rise to a dimensionless penetration index, pAB [%]. How far this new index may take us will be discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Grochala
- Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 93 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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16
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Meng L, Vu TV, Criscenti LJ, Ho TA, Qin Y, Fan H. Theoretical and Experimental Advances in High-Pressure Behaviors of Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10206-10257. [PMID: 37523660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Using compressive mechanical forces, such as pressure, to induce crystallographic phase transitions and mesostructural changes while modulating material properties in nanoparticles (NPs) is a unique way to discover new phase behaviors, create novel nanostructures, and study emerging properties that are difficult to achieve under conventional conditions. In recent decades, NPs of a plethora of chemical compositions, sizes, shapes, surface ligands, and self-assembled mesostructures have been studied under pressure by in-situ scattering and/or spectroscopy techniques. As a result, the fundamental knowledge of pressure-structure-property relationships has been significantly improved, leading to a better understanding of the design guidelines for nanomaterial synthesis. In the present review, we discuss experimental progress in NP high-pressure research conducted primarily over roughly the past four years on semiconductor NPs, metal and metal oxide NPs, and perovskite NPs. We focus on the pressure-induced behaviors of NPs at both the atomic- and mesoscales, inorganic NP property changes upon compression, and the structural and property transitions of perovskite NPs under pressure. We further discuss in depth progress on molecular modeling, including simulations of ligand behavior, phase-change chalcogenides, layered transition metal dichalcogenides, boron nitride, and inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites NPs. These models now provide both mechanistic explanations of experimental observations and predictive guidelines for future experimental design. We conclude with a summary and our insights on future directions for exploration of nanomaterial phase transition, coupling, growth, and nanoelectronic and photonic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyao Meng
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Tuan V Vu
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Louise J Criscenti
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Tuan A Ho
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Hongyou Fan
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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17
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Wang R, Yang X, Huang W, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Liu H, Wang Z. Superatomic states under high pressure. iScience 2023; 26:106281. [PMID: 36950123 PMCID: PMC10025982 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of superatoms has attracted great interest since they apparently go beyond the traditional understanding of the periodic table of elements. In this work, we clearly show that superatoms can be extended from conventional structures to states under pressure condition. By studying the compression process of the CH4@C60 system formed via embedding methane molecules inside fullerene C60, it is found that the system maintains superatomic properties in both static states, and even dynamic rotation situations influenced by quantum tunneling. Remarkably, the simulations reveal the emergence of new superatomic molecular orbitals by decreasing the confined space to approach the van der Waals boundary between CH4 and C60. Our current results not only establish a complete picture of superatoms from ambient condition to high pressure, but also offer a perspective for the discovery and exploration of new properties in superatom systems under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wanrong Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- International Center for Computational Method & Software and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center for Computational Method & Software and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
- Corresponding author
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18
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Tu H, Pan L, Qi H, Zhang S, Li F, Sun C, Wang X, Cui T. Ultrafast dynamics under high-pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:253002. [PMID: 36898154 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure is a mechanical method to regulate the structure and internal interaction of materials. Therefore, observation of properties' change can be realized in a relatively pure environment. Furthermore, high-pressure affects the delocalization of wavefunction among materials' atoms and thus their dynamics process. Dynamics results are essential data for understanding the physical and chemical characteristics, which is valuable for materials application and development. Ultrafast spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate dynamics process and becoming a necessary characterization method for materials investigation. The combination of high-pressure with ultrafast spectroscopy in the nanocosecond∼femtosecond scale enables us to investigate the influence of the enhanced interaction between particles on the physical and chemical properties of materials, such as energy transfer, charge transfer, Auger recombination, etc. Base on this point of view, this review summarizes recent progress in the ultrafast dynamics under high-pressure for various materials, in which new phenomena and new mechanisms are observed. In this review, we describe in detail the principles ofin situhigh pressure ultrafast dynamics probing technology and its field of application. On this basis, the progress of the study of dynamic processes under high-pressure in different material systems is summarized. An outlook onin situhigh-pressure ultrafast dynamics research is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
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19
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Li Y, Wang H, Li Y, Ye H, Zhang Y, Yin R, Jia H, Hou B, Wang C, Ding H, Bai X, Lu A. Electron transfer rules of minerals under pressure informed by machine learning. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1815. [PMID: 37002237 PMCID: PMC10066309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron transfer is the most elementary process in nature, but the existing electron transfer rules are seldom applied to high-pressure situations, such as in the deep Earth. Here we show a deep learning model to obtain the electronegativity of 96 elements under arbitrary pressure, and a regressed unified formula to quantify its relationship with pressure and electronic configuration. The relative work function of minerals is further predicted by electronegativity, presenting a decreasing trend with pressure because of pressure-induced electron delocalization. Using the work function as the case study of electronegativity, it reveals that the driving force behind directional electron transfer results from the enlarged work function difference between compounds with pressure. This well explains the deep high-conductivity anomalies, and helps discover the redox reactivity between widespread Fe(II)-bearing minerals and water during ongoing subduction. Our results give an insight into the fundamental physicochemical properties of elements and their compounds under pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Image Processing Center, Beihang University, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Huan Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Image Processing Center, Beihang University, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Rongzhang Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Haoning Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxu Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Changqiu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Hongrui Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangzhi Bai
- Image Processing Center, Beihang University, 102206, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, 100191, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Anhuai Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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20
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Dunning SG, Chen B, Zhu L, Cody GD, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB, Zhang D, Strobel TA. Synthesis and Post-Processing of Chemically Homogeneous Nanothreads from 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217023. [PMID: 36757113 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Compared with conventional, solution-phase approaches, solid-state reaction methods can provide unique access to novel synthetic targets. Nanothreads-one-dimensional diamondoid polymers formed through the compression of small molecules-represent a new class of materials produced via solid-state reactions, however, the formation of chemically homogeneous products with targeted functionalization represents a persistent challenge. Through careful consideration of molecular precursor stacking geometry and functionalization, we report here the scalable synthesis of chemically homogeneous, functionalized nanothreads through the solid-state polymerization of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid. The resulting product possesses high-density, pendant carboxyl functionalization along both sides of the backbone, enabling new opportunities for the post-synthetic processing and chemical modification of nanothread materials applicable to a broad range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G Dunning
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC-20015, USA
| | - Bo Chen
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Li Zhu
- Physics Department, Rutgers University-Newark, 101 Warren Street, Newark, NJ-07102, USA
| | - George D Cody
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC-20015, USA
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL-60637, USA
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL-60637, USA
| | - Dongzhou Zhang
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI-96822, USA
| | - Timothy A Strobel
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC-20015, USA
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21
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Wang J, Ying T, Deng J, Pei C, Yu T, Chen X, Wan Y, Yang M, Dai W, Yang D, Li Y, Li S, Iimura S, Du S, Hosono H, Qi Y, Guo JG. Superconductivity in an Orbital-Reoriented SnAs Square Lattice: A Case Study of Li 0.6 Sn 2 As 2 and NaSnAs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216086. [PMID: 36573848 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Searching for functional square lattices in layered superconductor systems offers an explicit clue to modify the electron behavior and find exotic properties. The trigonal SnAs3 structural units in SnAs-based systems are relatively conformable to distortion, which provides the possibility to achieve structurally topological transformation and higher superconducting transition temperatures. In the present work, the functional As square lattice was realized and activated in Li0.6 Sn2 As2 and NaSnAs through a topotactic structural transformation of trigonal SnAs3 to square SnAs4 under pressure, resulting in a record-high Tc among all synthesized SnAs-based compounds. Meanwhile, the conductive channel transfers from the out-of-plane pz orbital to the in-plane px +py orbitals, facilitating electron hopping within the square 2D lattice and boosting the superconductivity. The reorientation of p-orbital following a directed local structure transformation provides an effective strategy to modify layered superconducting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tianping Ying
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cuiying Pei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Tongxu Yu
- Gusu Laboratory of Materials, Jiangsu, 215123, China.,Suzhou Laboratory, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yimin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Mingzhang Yang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Weiyi Dai
- Gusu Laboratory of Materials, Jiangsu, 215123, China.,Suzhou Laboratory, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Soshi Iimura
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan.,Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shixuan Du
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Hideo Hosono
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan.,Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yanpeng Qi
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jian-Gang Guo
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
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22
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Geerlings P, De Proft F. External fields in conceptual density functional theory. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:442-455. [PMID: 36054623 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The necessity of the recent incorporation of new external variables in the context of conceptual DFT (CDFT) is discussed based on the ever-increasing portfolio of experimental reaction conditions in the endeavor of experimentalists to synthesize new molecules with unprecedented properties. Electric and magnetic fields (ε and B), mechanical forces (F), and confinement are proposed as valuable new variables, extending conventional CDFT and its associated response functions. A finite field approach is used to calculate the evolution of both global and local descriptors in a selected series of atomic and molecular applications, and from it derive new response function involving, with one exception, the first derivative to the field considered. The electric field results, displaying, for example, a case of a field-induced enantioselectivity in the Fukui function, may be instrumental in the recent upsurge of chemistry in oriented external electric fields. The study of atomic electronegativity and hardness in magnetic fields displays a piecewise behavior, associated to configurational jumps upon increasing field strength and reveals an overall compression of their ranges for stronger fields, which may be guiding upon investigating chemistry in extremely high fields like in white dwarfs. The evolution of the electronegativity and hardness of diatomics under mechanical force can elegantly be traced back to differences in their equilibrium distance in the neutral, cationic, and anionic state. The well-known reduction of the polarizability under confinement can be seen as a fore-runner of the increasing hardness of atoms under pressure, presently under investigation. Periodicity showing up in a spontaneous way in the variety of properties is a leitmotiv in this study, as well as the interconnections/analogies between the different response functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Geerlings
- Research Group of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Research Group of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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23
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Wang X, Wang Y, Wang J, Pan S, Lu Q, Wang HT, Xing D, Sun J. Pressure Stabilized Lithium-Aluminum Compounds with Both Superconducting and Superionic Behaviors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:246403. [PMID: 36563263 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.246403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting and superionic behaviors have physically intriguing dynamic properties of electrons and ions, respectively, both of which are conceptually important and have great potential for practical applications. Whether these two phenomena can appear in the same system is an interesting and important question. Here, using crystal structure predictions and first-principle calculations combined with machine learning, we identify several stable Li-Al compounds with electride behavior under high pressure, and we find that the electronic density of states of some of the compounds has characteristics of the two-dimensional electron gas. Among them, we estimate that Li_{6}Al at 150 GPa has a superconducting transition temperature of around 29 K and enters a superionic state at a high temperature and wide pressure range. The diffusion in Li_{6}Al is found to be affected by an electride and attributed to the atomic collective motion. Our results indicate that alkali metal alloys can be effective platforms to study the abundant physical properties and their manipulation with pressure and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Pan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Tian Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyu Xing
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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24
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Van Gorder RA. Compressed hydrogen atoms confined within generic boxes. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2022.0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘compressed hydrogen atom’ problem involves solving the Schrödinger equation for a hydrogen atom confined within an impenetrable (often, spherical) box, with the wave function vanishing on the boundary of this box. To better understand the role the structure of the box plays on the compressed hydrogen atom, we study the compressed hydrogen atom in boxes of myriad shapes and sizes, developing a theory for how the structure of a generic box influences the hydrogen ground state energy. Our theory predicts that the ground state energy increases with the first Dirichlet eigenvalue (which encodes information on both the shape and size of a box) of the box and decreases with the distance of the nucleus from the boundary of the box. This theoretical prediction is supported by numerical simulations and variational approximations. Consideration is also given to the problem of a shell-confined hydrogen atom, with the electron confined to a separate ‘cage’ away from the nucleus. The behaviour of the shell-confined hydrogen ground state is well-approximated by a perturbation theory we develop for generic cages. Our results provide a unified framework for understanding confined, high-pressure hydrogen with relevance to applications ranging from crystal lattices of hydrogen to metallic hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Van Gorder
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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25
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Geerlings P. From Density Functional Theory to Conceptual Density Functional Theory and Biosystems. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091112. [PMID: 36145333 PMCID: PMC9505550 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The position of conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) in the history of density functional theory (DFT) is sketched followed by a chronological report on the introduction of the various DFT descriptors such as the electronegativity, hardness, softness, Fukui function, local version of softness and hardness, dual descriptor, linear response function, and softness kernel. Through a perturbational approach they can all be characterized as response functions, reflecting the intrinsic reactivity of an atom or molecule upon perturbation by a different system, including recent extensions by external fields. Derived descriptors such as the electrophilicity or generalized philicity, derived from the nature of the energy vs. N behavior, complete this picture. These descriptors can be used as such or in the context of principles such as Sanderson’s electronegativity equalization principle, Pearson’s hard and soft acids and bases principle, the maximum hardness, and more recently, the minimum electrophilicity principle. CDFT has known an ever-growing use in various subdisciplines of chemistry: from organic to inorganic chemistry, from polymer to materials chemistry, and from catalysis to nanotechnology. The increasing size of the systems under study has been coped with thanks to methodological evolutions but also through the impressive evolution in software and hardware. In this flow, biosystems entered the application portfolio in the past twenty years with studies varying (among others) from enzymatic catalysis to biological activity and/or the toxicity of organic molecules and to computational peptidology. On the basis of this evolution, one can expect that “the best is yet to come”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Geerlings
- Research Group of General Chemistry (ALGC), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Cammi R, Chen B. Studying and exploring potential energy surfaces of compressed molecules: a fresh theory from the eXtreme Pressure Polarizable Continuum Model. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:114101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0104269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new theory for studying and exploring the potential energy surface of compressed molecular systems as described within the XP-PCM framework. The effective potential energy surface is defined by the sum of the electronic energy of the compressed system and the pressure-volume work that is necessary in order to create the compression cavity at the given condition of pressure. We show that the resulting total energy Gt is related to the electronic energy by a Legendre transform, in which the pressure and volume of the compression cavity are the conjugate variables. We present an analytical expression for the evaluation of the gradient of the total energy ∇Gt to be used for the geometry optimization of equilibrium geometries and transition states of compressed molecular systems. We also show that, as a result of the Legendre transform property, the potential energy surface can be studied explicitly as function of the pressure, leading to an explicit connection with the well-known Hammond postulate. As a proof of concept, we present the application of the theory to studying and determining of the optimized geometry of compressed methane and the transition state of electrocyclic ring-closure of hexatriene and of H-transfer between two methyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cammi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimica della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy
| | - Bo Chen
- Donostia international physics center, Spain
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27
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Yao Y. Theoretical methods for structural phase transitions in elemental solids at extreme conditions: statics and dynamics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:363001. [PMID: 35724660 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7a82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, theoretical studies have moved from a traditionally supporting role to a more proactive role in the research of phase transitions at high pressures. In many cases, theoretical prediction leads the experimental exploration. This is largely owing to the rapid progress of computer power and theoretical methods, particularly the structure prediction methods tailored for high-pressure applications. This review introduces commonly used structure searching techniques based on static and dynamic approaches, their applicability in studying phase transitions at high pressure, and new developments made toward predicting complex crystalline phases. Successful landmark studies for each method are discussed, with an emphasis on elemental solids and their behaviors under high pressure. The review concludes with a perspective on outstanding challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansun Yao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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28
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Tamerius AD, Altman AB, Waters MJ, Riesel EA, Malliakas CD, Whitaker ML, Yu T, Fabbris G, Meng Y, Haskel D, Wang Y, Jacobsen SD, Rondinelli JM, Freedman DE. Synthesis of the Candidate Topological Compound Ni 3Pb 2. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11943-11948. [PMID: 35767718 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling enables the realization of topologically nontrivial ground states. As spin-orbit coupling increases with increasing atomic number, compounds featuring heavy elements, such as lead, offer a pathway toward creating new topologically nontrivial materials. By employing a high-pressure flux synthesis method, we synthesized single crystals of Ni3Pb2, the first structurally characterized bulk binary phase in the Ni-Pb system. Combining experimental and theoretical techniques, we examined structure and bonding in Ni3Pb2, revealing the impact of chemical substitutions on electronic structure features of importance for controlling topological behavior. From these results, we determined that Ni3Pb2 completes a series of structurally related transition-metal-heavy main group intermetallic materials that exhibit diverse electronic structures, opening a platform for synthetically tunable topologically nontrivial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Tamerius
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46222, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alison B Altman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Michael J Waters
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Eric A Riesel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew L Whitaker
- Mineral Physics Institute, Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States.,National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Tony Yu
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Gilberto Fabbris
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yue Meng
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Daniel Haskel
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yanbin Wang
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Steven D Jacobsen
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - James M Rondinelli
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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29
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Rahm M. Electronegativity at the Shock Front. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rahm
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Kemigården 4 SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden
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30
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Jaroń T, Ying J, Tkacz M, Grzelak A, Prakapenka VB, Struzhkin VV, Grochala W. Synthesis, Structure, and Electric Conductivity of Higher Hydrides of Ytterbium at High Pressure. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8694-8702. [PMID: 35642313 PMCID: PMC9490838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
While most of the
rare-earth metals readily form trihydrides, due
to increased stability of the filled 4f electronic shell for Yb(II),
only YbH2.67, formally corresponding to YbII(YbIIIH4)2 (or Yb3H8), remains the highest hydride of ytterbium. Utilizing the
diamond anvil cell methodology and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction,
we have attempted to push this limit further via hydrogenation
of metallic Yb and Yb3H8. Compression of the
latter has also been investigated in a neutral pressure-transmitting
medium (PTM). While the in situ heating of Yb facilitates
the formation of YbH2+x hydrides, we have
not observed clear qualitative differences between the systems compressed
in H2 and He or Ne PTM. In all of these cases, a sequence
of phase transitions occurred within ca. 13–18
GPa (P3̅1m–I4/m phase) and around 27 GPa (to the I4/mmm phase). The molecular volume of
the systems compressed in H2 PTM is ca. 1.5% larger than of those compressed in inert gases, suggesting
a small hydrogen uptake. Nevertheless, hydrogenation toward YbH3 is incomplete, and polyhydrides do not form up to the highest
pressure studied here (ca. 75 GPa). As pointed out
by electronic transport measurements, the mixed-valence Yb3H8 retains its semiconducting character up to >50 GPa,
although the very low remnant activation energy of conduction (<5
meV) suggests that metallization under further compression should
be achievable. Finally, we provide a theoretical description of a
hypothetical stoichiometric YbH3. Hydrogenation of Yb and Yb3H8 has
been attempted under high pressure (≤75 GPa); the latter compound
has also been investigated in Ne and He. The same sequence of phase
transitions observed in all of these systems, with only minor differences
in molar volume (1.5%), indicates that the limiting composition remains
not far from YbH2.67. The latter retains its semiconducting
character up to >50 GPa, with a very low remnant activation energy
of conduction (<5 meV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Jaroń
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.,Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jianjun Ying
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States.,HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Marek Tkacz
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Grzelak
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Viktor V Struzhkin
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20015, United States.,Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wojciech Grochala
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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31
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Wolański Ł, Metzelaars M, Leusen J, Kögerler P, Grochala W. Structural Phase Transitions and Magnetic Superexchange in M
I
Ag
II
F
3
Perovskites at High Pressure**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200712. [PMID: 35352859 PMCID: PMC9320850 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pressure‐induced phase transitions of MIAgIIF3 perovskites (M=K, Rb, Cs) have been predicted theoretically for the first time for pressures up to 100 GPa. The sequence of phase transitions for M=K and Rb consists of a transition from orthorhombic to monoclinic and back to orthorhombic, associated with progressive bending of infinite chains of corner‐sharing [AgF6]4− octahedra and their mutual approach through secondary Ag⋅⋅⋅F contacts. In stark contrast, only a single phase transition (tetragonal→triclinic) is predicted for CsAgF3; this is associated with substantial deformation of the Jahn–Teller‐distorted first coordination sphere of AgII and association of the infinite [AgF6]4− chains into a polymeric sublattice. The phase transitions markedly decrease the coupling strength of intra‐chain antiferromagnetic superexchange in MAgF3 hosts lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wolański
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw S. Banacha 2c 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - Marvin Metzelaars
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jan Leusen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Wojciech Grochala
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw S. Banacha 2c 02-097 Warsaw Poland
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32
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Chen B, Houk KN, Cammi R. High-Pressure Reaction Profiles and Activation Volumes of 1,3-Cyclohexadiene Dimerizations Computed by the Extreme Pressure-Polarizable Continuum Model (XP-PCM). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200246. [PMID: 35286727 PMCID: PMC9320931 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations are reported for the thermal dimerizations of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene at 1 atm and high pressures up to the GPa range. Computed activation enthalpies of plausible dimerization pathways at 1 atm agree well with the experiment activation energies and the values from previous calculations. High‐pressure reaction profiles, computed by the recently developed extreme pressure‐polarizable continuum model (XP‐PCM), show that the reduction of reaction barrier is more profound in concerted reactions than in stepwise reactions, which is rationalized on the basis of the volume profiles of different mechanisms. A clear shift of the transition state towards the reactant under pressure is revealed for the [6+4]‐ene reaction by the calculations. The computed activation volumes by XP‐PCM agree excellently with the experimental values, confirming the existence of competing mechanisms in the thermal dimerization of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 90095, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Roberto Cammi
- Department of Chemical Science, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Viale Parco Area delle Scienze. 17/a, 43100, Parma, Italy
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33
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Phase Transitions and Amorphization of M2AgF4 (M = Na, K, Rb) Compounds at High Pressure. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of high-pressure Raman spectroscopy studies of alkali metal fluoroargentates (M2AgF4, where M = Na, K, Rb) combined with theoretical and X-ray diffraction studies for the K member of the series. Theoretical density functional calculations predict two structural phase transitions for K2AgF4: one from low-pressure monoclinic P21/c (beta) phase to intermediate-pressure tetragonal I42d structure at 6 GPa, and another to high-pressure triclinic P1 phase at 58 GPa. However, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data indicate that both polymorphic forms of K2AgF4, as well as two other fluoroargentate phases studied here, undergo amorphization at pressures as low as several GPa.
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34
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Abstract
SignificanceOver the years, many unusual chemical phenomena have been discovered at high pressures, yet our understanding of them is still very fragmentary. Our paper addresses this from the fundamental level by exploring the key chemical properties of atoms-electronegativity and chemical hardness-as a function of pressure. We have made an appropriate modification to the definition of Mulliken electronegativity to extend its applicability to high pressures. The change in atomic properties, which we observe, allows us to provide a unified framework explaining (and predicting) many chemical phenomena and the altered behavior of many elements under pressure.
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35
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Kesari S, Garg AB, Clemens O, Joseph B, Rao R. Pressure-Induced Structural Behavior of Orthorhombic Mn 3(VO 4) 2: Raman Spectroscopic and X-ray Diffraction Investigations. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3099-3108. [PMID: 35097305 PMCID: PMC8793057 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of high pressure on the structure of orthorhombic Mn3(VO4)2 is investigated using in situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction up to high pressures of 26.2 and 23.4 GPa, respectively. The study demonstrates a pressure-induced structural phase transition starting at 10 GPa, with the coexistence of phases in the range of 10-20 GPa. The sluggish first-order phase transition is complete by 20 GPa. Importantly, the new phase could be recovered at ambient conditions. Raman spectra of the recovered new phase indicate increased distortion and as a consequence the lowering of the local symmetry of the VO4 tetrahedra. This behavior is different from that reported for isostructural compounds Zn3(VO4)2 and Ni3(VO4)2 where both show stable structures, although almost similar anisotropic compression of the unit cell is observed. The transition observed in orthorhombic Mn3(VO4)2 could be due to the internal charge transfer between the cations, which favors the structural transition at lower pressures and the eventual recovery of the new phase even upon pressure release in comparison to other isostructural compounds. The experimental equation of state parameters obtained for orthorhombic Mn3(VO4)2 match excellently with empirically calculated values reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Kesari
- Solid
State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Alka B. Garg
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
- High
Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Oliver Clemens
- Institute
for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Boby Joseph
- Elettra-Sincrotrone
Trieste S. C. p. A., S.S.14-km 163.5, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Rekha Rao
- Solid
State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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36
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Grzelak A, Grochala W. Stability of hypothetical Ag IICl 2 polymorphs under high pressure, revisited: a computational study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1153. [PMID: 35064224 PMCID: PMC8782826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative computational study of stability of candidate structures for an as-yet unknown silver dichloride AgCl2 is presented. It is found that all considered candidates have a negative enthalpy of formation, but are unstable towards charge transfer and decomposition into silver(I) chloride and chlorine within the DFT and hybrid-DFT approaches in the entire studied pressure range. Within SCAN approach, several of the "true" AgIICl2 polymorphs (i.e. containing Ag(II) species) exhibit a region of stability below ca. 20 GPa. However, their stability with respect to aforementioned decomposition decreases with pressure by account of all three DFT methods, which suggests a limited possibility of high-pressure synthesis of AgCl2. Some common patterns in pressure-induced structural transitions observed in the studied systems also emerge, which further testify to an instability of hypothetical AgCl2 towards charge transfer and phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Grzelak
- Center for New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Grochala
- Center for New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
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37
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Eeckhoudt J, Bettens T, Geerlings P, Cammi R, Chen B, Alonso M, De Proft F. Conceptual Density Functional Theory under Pressure: Part I. XP-PCM Method Applied to Atoms. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9329-9350. [PMID: 36093025 PMCID: PMC9384819 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure chemistry offers the chemical community a range of possibilities to control chemical reactivity, develop new materials and fine-tune chemical properties. Despite the large changes that extreme pressure brings to the table, the field has mainly been restricted to the effects of volume changes and thermodynamics with less attention devoted to electronic effects at the molecular scale. This paper combines the conceptual DFT framework for analyzing chemical reactivity with the XP-PCM method for simulating pressures in the GPa range. Starting from the new derivatives of the energy with respect to external pressure, an electronic atomic volume and an atomic compressibility are found, comparable to their enthalpy analogues, respectively. The corresponding radii correlate well with major known sets of this quantity. The ionization potential and electron affinity are both found to decrease with pressure using two different methods. For the electronegativity and chemical hardness, a decreasing and increasing trend is obtained, respectively, and an electronic volume-based argument is proposed to rationalize the observed periodic trends. The cube of the softness is found to correlate well with the polarizability, both decreasing under pressure, while the interpretation of the electrophilicity becomes ambiguous at extreme pressures. Regarding the electron density, the radial distribution function shows a clear concentration of the electron density towards the inner region of the atom and periodic trends can be found in the density using the Carbó quantum similarity index and the Kullback–Leibler information deficiency. Overall, the extension of the CDFT framework with pressure yields clear periodic patterns. Conceptual DFT has provided a framework in which to study chemical reactivity. Since high pressure is more and more a tool to control reactions and fine-tune chemical properties, this variable is introduced into the CDFT framework.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eeckhoudt
- General Chemistry Department (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - T Bettens
- General Chemistry Department (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - P Geerlings
- General Chemistry Department (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - R Cammi
- Department of Chemical Science, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - B Chen
- Donostia International Physics Center Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Plaza Euskadi 5 48009 Bilbao Spain
| | - M Alonso
- General Chemistry Department (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - F De Proft
- General Chemistry Department (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
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38
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Sévelin-Radiguet N, Torchio R, Berruyer G, Gonzalez H, Pasternak S, Perrin F, Occelli F, Pépin C, Sollier A, Kraus D, Schuster A, Voigt K, Zhang M, Amouretti A, Boury A, Fiquet G, Guyot F, Harmand M, Borri M, Groves J, Helsby W, Branly S, Norby J, Pascarelli S, Mathon O. Towards a dynamic compression facility at the ESRF. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:167-179. [PMID: 34985434 PMCID: PMC8733990 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521011632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Results of the 2018 commissioning and experimental campaigns of the new High Power Laser Facility on the Energy-dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (ED-XAS) beamline ID24 at the ESRF are presented. The front-end of the future laser, delivering 15 J in 10 ns, was interfaced to the beamline. Laser-driven dynamic compression experiments were performed on iron oxides, iron alloys and bismuth probed by online time-resolved XAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sévelin-Radiguet
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Raffaella Torchio
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Gilles Berruyer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Gonzalez
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Pasternak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Florian Perrin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Florent Occelli
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297 Arpajon Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière en Conditions Extrêmes, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - Charles Pépin
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297 Arpajon Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière en Conditions Extrêmes, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - Arnaud Sollier
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297 Arpajon Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière en Conditions Extrêmes, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23–24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anja Schuster
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Voigt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Min Zhang
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 230601 Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alexis Amouretti
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 – Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN/IRD, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Boury
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 – Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN/IRD, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Fiquet
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 – Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN/IRD, 75252 Paris, France
| | - François Guyot
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 – Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN/IRD, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Marion Harmand
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 – Sorbonne Université/CNRS/MNHN/IRD, 75252 Paris, France
| | | | - Janet Groves
- STFC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stéphane Branly
- Amplitude Technologies, 2–4 Rue du Bois Chaland, CE 2926, 91029 Évry, France
| | - James Norby
- Amplitude Technologies, 2–4 Rue du Bois Chaland, CE 2926, 91029 Évry, France
| | - Sakura Pascarelli
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
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39
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Robles-Navarro A, Cárdenas C, Fuentealba P. Electronegativity under Confinement. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226924. [PMID: 34834015 PMCID: PMC8620044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronegativity concept was first formulated by Pauling in the first half of the 20th century to explain quantitatively the properties of chemical bonds between different types of atoms. Today, it is widely known that, in high-pressure regimes, the reactivity properties of atoms can change, and, thus, the bond patterns in molecules and solids are affected. In this work, we studied the effects of high pressure modeled by a confining potential on different definitions of electronegativity and, additionally, tested the accuracy of first-order perturbation theory in the context of density functional theory for confined atoms of the second row at the Hartree–Fock level. As expected, the electronegativity of atoms at high confinement is very different than that of their free counterparts since it depends on the electronic configuration of the atom, and, thus, its periodicity is modified at higher pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Robles-Navarro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Carlos Cárdenas
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Avda. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago 9170124, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (P.F.)
| | - Patricio Fuentealba
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Avda. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago 9170124, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (P.F.)
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40
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Kattinger C, Guehne R, Tsankov S, Jurkutat M, Erb A, Haase J. Moissanite anvil cell single crystal NMR at pressures of up to 4.4 GPa. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113901. [PMID: 34852540 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure anvil cell nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of single crystals are challenging, but they can offer much insight into material properties. A microcoil inside the high-pressure region that encloses the crystal offers a good signal-to-noise ratio, but special care has to be taken to warrant hydrostatic conditions or to avoid rupture of the crystal or coil. By introducing precise monitoring of the height and diameter of the pressurized sample chamber, this can be ensured, and the data reveal the behavior of the sample chamber under pressure. While its total volume is given by the compression of the enclosed pressure transmitting fluid, the aspect ratio of the cylindrical chamber changes considerably. 63Cu and 17O NMR of two differently doped single crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-δ at pressures of up to about 4.4 GPa show the function of the cell, and orientation dependent spectra prove the soundness of the arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Kattinger
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robin Guehne
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Tsankov
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Jurkutat
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Erb
- Walther Meissner Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Juergen Haase
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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41
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Badin M, Martoňák R. Nucleating a Different Coordination in a Crystal under Pressure: A Study of the B1-B2 Transition in NaCl by Metadynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:105701. [PMID: 34533357 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we propose an NPT metadynamics simulation scheme for pressure-induced structural phase transitions, using coordination number and volume as collective variables, and apply it to the reconstructive structural transformation B1-B2 in NaCl. By studying systems with size up to 64 000 atoms we reach a regime beyond collective mechanism and observe transformations proceeding via nucleation and growth. We also reveal the crossover of the transition mechanism from Buerger-like for smaller systems to Watanabe-Tolédano for larger ones. The scheme is likely to be applicable to a broader class of pressure-induced structural transitions, allowing study of complex nucleation effects and bringing simulations closer to realistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Badin
- SISSA - Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Martoňák
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina F2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
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42
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Pal R, Poddar A, Chattaraj PK. Atomic Clusters: Structure, Reactivity, Bonding, and Dynamics. Front Chem 2021; 9:730548. [PMID: 34485247 PMCID: PMC8415529 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.730548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic clusters lie somewhere in between isolated atoms and extended solids with distinctly different reactivity patterns. They are known to be useful as catalysts facilitating several reactions of industrial importance. Various machine learning based techniques have been adopted in generating their global minimum energy structures. Bond-stretch isomerism, aromatic stabilization, Rener-Teller effect, improved superhalogen/superalkali properties, and electride characteristics are some of the hallmarks of these clusters. Different all-metal and nonmetal clusters exhibit a variety of aromatic characteristics. Some of these clusters are dynamically stable as exemplified through their fluxional behavior. Several of these cluster cavitands are found to be agents for effective confinement. The confined media cause drastic changes in bonding, reactivity, and other properties, for example, bonding between two noble gas atoms, and remarkable acceleration in the rate of a chemical reaction under confinement. They have potential to be good hydrogen storage materials and also to activate small molecules for various purposes. Many atomic clusters show exceptional opto-electronic, magnetic, and nonlinear optical properties. In this Review article, we intend to highlight all these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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43
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Boccalini M, Cammi R, Pagliai M, Cardini G, Schettino V. Toward an Understanding of the Pressure Effect on the Intramolecular Vibrational Frequencies of Sulfur Hexafluoride. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6362-6373. [PMID: 34263605 PMCID: PMC8389992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structural and vibrational properties of the molecular units of sulfur hexafluoride crystal as a function of pressure have been studied by the Extreme Pressure Polarizable Continuum Model (XP-PCM) method. Within the XP-PCM model, single molecule calculations allow a consistent interpretation of the experimental measurements when considering the effect of pressure on both the molecular structure and the vibrational normal modes. This peculiar aspect of XP-PCM provides a detailed description of the electronic origin of normal modes variations with pressure, via the curvature of the potential energy surface and via the anharmonicity of the normal modes. When applied to the vibrational properties of the sulfur hexafluoride crystal, the XP-PCM method reveals a hitherto unknown interpretation of the effects of the pressure on the vibrational normal modes of the molecular units of this crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Boccalini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberto Cammi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Universitá degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Pagliai
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianni Cardini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Schettino
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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44
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Domański MA, Derzsi M, Grochala W. Theoretical study of ternary silver fluorides AgMF 4 (M = Cu, Ni, Co) formation at pressures up to 20 GPa. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25801-25810. [PMID: 35478868 PMCID: PMC9039417 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04970d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Only several compounds bearing the Ag(ii) cation and other paramagnetic transition metal cations are known experimentally. Herein, we predict in silico stability and crystal structures of hypothetical ternary silver(ii) fluorides with copper, nickel and cobalt in 1 : 1 stoichiometry at a pressure range from 0 GPa up to 20 GPa employing the evolutionary algorithm in combination with DFT calculations. The calculations show that AgCoF4 could be synthesized already at ambient conditions but this compound would host diamagnetic Ag(i) and high-spin Co(iii). Although none of the compounds bearing Ag(ii) could be preferred over binary substrates at ambient conditions, at increased pressure ternary fluorides of Ag(ii) featuring Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) could be synthesized, in the pressure windows of 7–14 and 8–15 GPa, respectively. All title compounds would be semiconducting and demonstrate magnetic ordering. Compounds featuring Ni(ii) and particularly Co(ii) should exhibit fundamental band gaps much reduced with respect to pristine AgF2. The presence of Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) does not lead to electronic doping to AgF2 layers, while Co(ii) tends to reduce Ag(ii) entirely to Ag(i). Only several compounds bearing the Ag(ii) cation and other paramagnetic transition metal cations are known experimentally. Here, we predict as yet unknown AgMF4 phases and their stability in function of pressure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz A Domański
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw S. Banacha 2C 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - Mariana Derzsi
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw S. Banacha 2C 02-097 Warsaw Poland .,Advanced Technologies Research Institute, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Trnava 917 24 Slovakia
| | - Wojciech Grochala
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw S. Banacha 2C 02-097 Warsaw Poland
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45
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Huang ZX, Wang MM, Feng YH, Qu JP. Supertough, Ultrastrong, and Transparent Poly(lactic acid) via Directly Hot Pressing under Cyclic Compressing–Releasing. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xia Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yan-Hong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing; Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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46
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Maity S, Gangan AS, Anshu A, V Valappil RR, Chakraborty B, Ramaniah LM, Srinivasan V. Pressure induced topochemical polymerization of solid acrylamide facilitated by anisotropic response of the hydrogen bond network. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9448-9456. [PMID: 33885052 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04993j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pressure induced polymerization of molecular solids is an appealing route to obtain pure, crystalline polymers without the need for radical initiators. Here, we report a detailed density functional theory (DFT) study of the structural and chemical changes that occur in defect free solid acrylamide, a hydrogen bonded crystal, when it is subjected to hydrostatic pressures. While our calculations are able to reproduce experimentally measured pressure dependent spectroscopic features in the 0-20 GPa range, our atomistic analysis predicts polymerization in acrylamide at a pressure of ∼23 GPa at 0 K albeit through large enthalpy barriers. Interestingly, we find that the two-dimensional hydrogen bond network in acrylamide templates topochemical polymerization by aligning the atoms through an anisotropic response at low pressures. This results not only in conventional C-C, but also unusual C-O polymeric linkages, as well as a new hydrogen bonded framework, with both N-HO and C-HO bonds. Using a simple model for thermal effects, we also show that at 300 K, higher pressures significantly accelerate the transformation into polymers by lowering the barrier. Thus, application of pressure offers an alternative route for topochemical polymerization when higher temperatures are undesirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India.
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Cao X, Wan B, Liu H, Wu L, Yao Y, Gou H. Potassium-activated anionic copper and covalent Cu-Cu bonding in compressed K-Cu compounds. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:134708. [PMID: 33832239 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elemental copper and potassium are immiscible under ambient conditions. It is known that pressure is a useful tool to promote the reaction between two different elements by modifying their electronic structure significantly. Here, we predict the formation of four K-Cu compounds (K3Cu2, K2Cu, K5Cu2, and K3Cu) under moderate pressure through unbiased structure search and first-principles calculations. Among all predicted structures, the simulated x-ray diffraction pattern of K3Cu2 perfectly matches a K-Cu compound synthesized in 2004. Further simulations indicate that the K-Cu compounds exhibit diverse structural features with novel forms of Cu aggregations, including Cu dimers, linear and zigzag Cu chains, and Cu-centered polyhedrons. Analysis of the electronic structure reveals that Cu atoms behave as anions to accept electrons from K atoms through fully filling 4s orbitals and partially extending 4p orbitals. Covalent Cu-Cu interaction is found in these compounds, which is associated with the sp hybridizations. These results provide insights into the understanding of the phase diversity of alkali/alkaline earth and metal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, College of Material Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Biao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lailei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, College of Material Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yansun Yao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Huiyang Gou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
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Du M, Zhang Z, Song H, Yu H, Cui T, Kresin VZ, Duan D. High-temperature superconductivity in transition metallic hydrides MH 11 (M = Mo, W, Nb, and Ta) under high pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6717-6724. [PMID: 33710184 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of H3S and LaH10 is an important step towards the development of room temperature superconductors which fuels the enthusiasm for finding promising superconductors among hydrides at high pressure. In the present study, three new and stable stoichiometric MoH5, MoH6 and MoH11 compounds were found in the pressure range of 100-300 GPa. The highly hydrogen-rich phase of Cmmm-MoH11 has a layered structure that contains various forms of hydrogen: H, H2- and H3- units. It is a high-Tc material with an estimated Tc value in the range of 165-182 K at 250 GPa. The same structures are also found in NbH11, TaH11, and WH11, each material showing Tc ranging from 117 to 168 K. By combining the method of using two coupling constants λopt and λac, and two characteristic frequencies (optical and acoustic) with first-principle calculations, we found that the high values of Tc are mainly caused by the presence of high frequency optical modes, but the acoustic modes also play a noticeable role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Department of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
The chemical reactivity of a molecule as a whole or of an atom in a molecule varies during a chemical reaction. A variation of global and local reactivity descriptors in the course of a physicochemical process was studied within a quantum fluid density functional theory framework. Effects of a physical confinement and the electronic excitation therein were studied. In this Perspective, we also highlight the direction of a spontaneous chemical reaction in the light of the dynamical variants of the conceptual density functional theory-based electronic structure principles. An exhaustive state-of-the-art dynamical study is warranted in order to understand a chemical reaction from a reactivity perspective augmenting the associated molecular reaction dynamics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Scelta D, Dziubek KF, Ende M, Miletich R, Mezouar M, Garbarino G, Bini R. Extending the Stability Field of Polymeric Carbon Dioxide Phase V beyond the Earth's Geotherm. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:065701. [PMID: 33635684 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.065701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on the phase stability of dense carbon dioxide (CO_{2}) at extreme pressure-temperature conditions, up to 6200 K within the pressure range 37±9 to 106±17 GPa. The investigations of high-pressure high-temperature in situ x-ray diffraction patterns recorded from laser-heated CO_{2}, as densified in diamond-anvil cells, consistently reproduced the exclusive formation of polymeric tetragonal CO_{2}-V at any condition achieved in repetitive laser-heating cycles. Using well-considered experimental arrangements, which prevent reactions with metal components of the pressure cells, annealing through laser heating was extended individually up to approximately 40 min per cycle in order to keep track of upcoming instabilities and changes with time. The results clearly exclude any decomposition of CO_{2}-V into the elements as previously suggested. Alterations of the Bragg peak distribution on Debye-Scherrer rings indicate grain coarsening at temperatures >4000 K, giving a glimpse of the possible extension of the stability of the polymeric solid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Scelta
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy and LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Kamil F Dziubek
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Martin Ende
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Ronald Miletich
- Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; and Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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