1
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Nelson VE, O'Brien CP, Edwards JP, Liu S, Gabardo CM, Sargent EH, Sinton D. Scaling CO 2 Electrolyzer Cell Area from Bench to Pilot. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:50818-50825. [PMID: 39254196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
To contribute meaningfully to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction, CO2 electrolyzer technology will need to scale immensely. Bench-scale electrolyzers are the norm, with active areas <5 cm2. However, cell areas on the order of 100s or 1000s of cm2 will be required for industrial deployment. Here, we study the effects of increasing cell area, scaling over 2 orders of magnitude from a 5 cm2 lab-scale cell to an 800 cm2 pilot plant-scale cell. A direct scaling of the bench-scale cell architecture to the larger area results in a ∼20% drop in ethylene (C2H4) selectivity and an increase in the parasitic hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction (HER). We instrument an 800 cm2 electrolyzer cell to serve as a diagnostic tool and determine that nonuniformities in electrode compression and flow-influenced local CO2 availability are the key drivers of performance loss upon scaling. Machining of an initial 800 cm2 cell results in a standard deviation in MEA compression that is 7-fold that of a similarly produced 5 cm2 cell (0.009 mm). Using these findings, we redesign an 800 cm2 cell for compression tolerance and increased CO2 transport and achieve an H2 FE in the revised 800 cm2 cell similar to that of the 5 cm2 case (16% at 200 mA cm-2). These results demonstrate that by ensuring uniform compression and fluid flow, the CO2 electrolyzer area can be scaled over 100-fold and retain C2H4 selectivity (within 10% of small-scale selectivity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian E Nelson
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Colin P O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Edwards
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Christine M Gabardo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
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2
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Jia Y, Li D, Liu C, Song T, Duan L, Li F, Li F, Ji Y, Sun L, Fan K. Regulating Cu Oxidation State for Electrocatalytic CO 2 Conversion into CO with Near-Unity Selectivity via Oxygen Spillover. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402537. [PMID: 38711307 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cu-based catalysts are the most intensively studied in the field of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), demonstrating the capacity to yield diverse C1 and C2+ products albeit with unsatisfactory selectivity. Manipulation of the oxidation state of Cu sites during CO2RR process proves advantageous in modulating the selectivity of productions, but poses a formidable challenge. Here, an oxygen spillover strategy is proposed to enhance the oxidation state of Cu during CO2RR by incorporating the oxygen donor Sb2O4. The Cu-Sb bimetallic oxide catalyst attains a remarkable CO2-to-CO selectivity approaching unity, in stark contrast to the diverse product distribution observed with bare CuO. The exceptional Faradaic efficiency of CO can be maintained across a wide range of potential windows of ≈700 mV in 1 m KOH, and remains independent of the Cu/Sb ratio (ranging from 0.1:1 to 10:1). Correlative calculations and experimental results reveal that oxygen spillover from Sb2O4 to Cu sites maintains the relatively high valence state of Cu during CO2RR, which diminishes the binding strength of *CO, thereby achieving heightened selectivity in CO production. These findings propose the role of oxygen spillover in CO2RR over Cu-based catalysts, and shed light on the rational design of highly selective CO2 reduction catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Dekang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Coal Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lele Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Fusheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yongfei Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Ke Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Shi L, Liu X, Zhang Z, Xie M, Dong Y, Jiang H, Zhu Y, Zhu J. Activating Inert Perovskite Oxides for CO 2 Electroreduction via Slight Cu 2+ Doping in B-Sites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402823. [PMID: 38712472 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite oxides are proven as a striking platform for developing high-performance electrocatalysts. Nonetheless, a significant portion of them show CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) inertness. Here a simple but effective strategy is reported to activate inert perovskite oxides (e.g., SrTiO3) for CO2RR through slight Cu2+ doping in B-sites. For the proof-of-concept catalysts of SrTi1-xCuxO3 (x = 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1), Cu2+ doping (even in trace amount, e.g., x = 0.025) can not only create active, stable CuO6 octahedra, increase electrochemical active surface area, and accelerate charge transfer, but also significantly regulate the electronic structure (e.g., up-shifted band center) to promote activation/adsorption of reaction intermediates. Benefiting from these merits, the stable SrTi1-xCuxO3 catalysts feature great improvements (at least an order of magnitude) in CO2RR activity and selectivity for high-order products (i.e., CH4 and C2+), compared to the SrTiO3 parent. This work provides a new avenue for the conversion of inert perovskite oxides into high-performance electrocatalysts toward CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiangjian Liu
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Minghao Xie
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yuming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Heqing Jiang
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
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4
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Ma D, Zhi C, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Shi JW. A Review on the Influence of Crystal Facets on the Product Selectivity of CO 2RR over Cu Metal Catalysts. ACS NANO 2024; 18:21714-21746. [PMID: 39126711 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECRR) is promising in converting environmentally harmful CO2 into useful chemicals, but the large-scale application of this technology is seriously limited by its low efficiency and selectivity. Cu-based electrocatalysts displayed attractive ability in converting CO2 to multiple products, and the product selectivity can be manipulated through various approaches. Among them, exposing specific crystal facets through crystal facet engineering has been proven to be highly effective in obtaining specific products and has attracted numerous researchers. However, to our knowledge, few reports have systematically summarized the relationship between the crystal facet control of Cu catalysts and the catalytic products. This review begins by outlining the general mechanism of CO2 electrocatalytic reduction on Cu-based catalysts, and then summarizes the preferences of low-index and high-index Cu facets regarding product selectivity and delves into the synergistic effects between facets (including different Cu facets and interactions between Cu and non-Cu facets) and their impact on CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In addition, the study of the recently developed Cu single-atom catalysts in ECRR was also introduced. Finally, we provide an outlook on the development of high-performance Cu-based catalysts for applications in CO2RR. The purpose of this review is to provide a clear vein and meaningful guidance for the following studies over the crystal facet control of Cu-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chuanqi Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiantao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian-Wen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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5
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Chen L, Chen J, Fu W, Chen J, Wang D, Xiao Y, Xi S, Ji Y, Wang L. Energy-efficient CO (2) conversion to multicarbon products at high rates on CuGa bimetallic catalyst. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7053. [PMID: 39147764 PMCID: PMC11327302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products is a promising approach for achieving carbon-neutral economies. However, the energy efficiency of these processes remains low, particularly at high current densities. Herein, we demonstrate that the low energy efficiencies are, in part, sometimes significantly, attributed to the high concentration overpotential resulting from the instability (i.e., flooding) of catalyst-layer during electrolysis. To tackle this challenge, we develop copper/gallium bimetallic catalysts with reduced activation energies for the formation of multi-carbon products. Consequently, the reduced activation overpotential allows us to achieve practical-relevant current densities for CO2 reduction at low cathodic potentials, ensuring good stability of the catalyst-layer and thereby minimizing the undesired concentration overpotential. The optimized bimetallic catalyst achieves over 50% cathodic energy efficiency for multi-carbon production at a high current density of over 1.0 A cm - 2 . Furthermore, we achieve current densities exceeding 2.0 A cm - 2 in a zero-gap membrane-electrode-assembly reactor, with a full-cell energy efficiency surpassing 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Junmei Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiwei Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yukun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yongfei Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, E8, Singapore, Singapore.
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6
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Chen M, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Wang Q, Huang M, Fang W, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Zhu Y, Zhu J. Promoting CO 2 Electroreduction Over Nano-Socketed Cu/Perovskite Heterostructures via A-Site-Valence-Controlled Oxygen Vacancies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400615. [PMID: 38477702 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Despite the intriguing potential, nano-socketed Cu/perovskite heterostructures for CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) are still in their infancy and rational optimization of their CO2RR properties is lacking. Here, an effective strategy is reported to promote CO2-to-C2+ conversion over nano-socketed Cu/perovskite heterostructures by A-site-valence-controlled oxygen vacancies. For the proof-of-concept catalysts of Cu/La0.3-xSr0.6+xTiO3-δ (x from 0 to 0.3), their oxygen vacancy concentrations increase controllably with the decreased A-site valences (or the increased x values). In flow cells, their activity and selectivity for C2+ present positive correlations with the oxygen vacancy concentrations. Among them, the Cu/Sr0.9TiO3-δ with most oxygen vacancies shows the optimal activity and selectivity for C2+. And relative to the Cu/La0.3Sr0.6TiO3-δ with minimum oxygen vacancies, the Cu/Sr0.9TiO3-δ exhibits marked improvements (up to 2.4 folds) in activity and selectivity for C2+. The experiments and theoretical calculations suggest that the optimized performance can be attributed to the merits provided by oxygen vacancies, including the accelerated charge transfer, enhanced adsorption/activation of reaction species, and reduced energy barrier for C─C coupling. Moreover, when explored in a membrane-electrode assembly electrolyzer, the Cu/Sr0.9TiO3-δ catalyst shows excellent activity, selectivity (43.9%), and stability for C2H4 at industrial current densities, being the most effective perovskite-based catalyst for CO2-to-C2H4 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfa Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yunze Xu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Minghua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Heqing Jiang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
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7
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Xue J, Dong X, Liu C, Li J, Dai Y, Xue W, Luo L, Ji Y, Zhang X, Li X, Jiang Q, Zheng T, Xiao J, Xia C. Turning copper into an efficient and stable CO evolution catalyst beyond noble metals. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5998. [PMID: 39013916 PMCID: PMC11252372 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Using renewable electricity to convert CO2 into CO offers a sustainable route to produce a versatile intermediate to synthesize various chemicals and fuels. For economic CO2-to-CO conversion at scale, however, there exists a trade-off between selectivity and activity, necessitating the delicate design of efficient catalysts to hit the sweet spot. We demonstrate here that copper co-alloyed with isolated antimony and palladium atoms can efficiently activate and convert CO2 molecules into CO. This trimetallic single-atom alloy catalyst (Cu92Sb5Pd3) achieves an outstanding CO selectivity of 100% (±1.5%) at -402 mA cm-2 and a high activity up to -1 A cm-2 in a neutral electrolyte, surpassing numerous state-of-the-art noble metal catalysts. Moreover, it exhibits long-term stability over 528 h at -100 mA cm-2 with an FECO above 95%. Operando spectroscopy and theoretical simulation provide explicit evidence for the charge redistribution between Sb/Pd additions and Cu base, demonstrating that Sb and Pd single atoms synergistically shift the electronic structure of Cu for CO production and suppress hydrogen evolution. Additionally, the collaborative interactions enhance the overall stability of the catalyst. These results showcase that Sb/Pd-doped Cu can steadily carry out efficient CO2 electrolysis under mild conditions, challenging the monopoly of noble metals in large-scale CO2-to-CO conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Yizhou Dai
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Xue
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Laihao Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ji
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Jiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China.
| | - Chuan Xia
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China.
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8
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Zeng M, Fang W, Cen Y, Zhang X, Hu Y, Xia BY. Reaction Environment Regulation for Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction in Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404574. [PMID: 38638104 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a sustainable route for converting CO2 into value-added fuels and feedstocks, advancing a carbon-neutral economy. The electrolyte critically influences CO2 utilization, reaction rate and product selectivity. While typically conducted in neutral/alkaline aqueous electrolytes, the CO2RR faces challenges due to (bi)carbonate formation and its crossover to the anolyte, reducing efficiency and stability. Acidic media offer promise by suppressing these processes, but the low Faradaic efficiency, especially for multicarbon (C2+) products, and poor electrocatalyst stability persist. The effective regulation of the reaction environment at the cathode is essential to favor the CO2RR over the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and improve long-term stability. This review examines progress in the acidic CO2RR, focusing on reaction environment regulation strategies such as electrocatalyst design, electrode modification and electrolyte engineering to promote the CO2RR. Insights into the reaction mechanisms via in situ/operando techniques and theoretical calculations are discussed, along with critical challenges and future directions in acidic CO2RR technology, offering guidance for developing practical systems for the carbon-neutral community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiren Cen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yongming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
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9
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Plaza-Mayoral E, Okatenko V, Dalby KN, Falsig H, Chorkendorff I, Sebastián-Pascual P, Escudero-Escribano M. Composition effects of electrodeposited Cu-Ag nanostructured electrocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. iScience 2024; 27:109933. [PMID: 38812548 PMCID: PMC11134916 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) on Cu-based catalysts is a promising strategy to store renewable electricity and produce valuable C2+ chemicals. We investigate the CO2RR on Cu-Ag nanostructures that have been electrodeposited in a green choline chloride and urea deep eutectic solvent (DES). We determine the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) using lead underpotential deposition (UPD) to investigate the CO2RR intrinsic activity and selectivity. We show that the addition of Ag on electrodeposited Cu primarily suppresses the production of hydrogen and methane. While the production of carbon monoxide slightly increases, the partial current of the total C2+ products does not considerably increase. Despite that the production rate of C2+ is similar on Cu and Cu-Ag, the addition of Ag enhances the formation of alcohols and oxygenates over ethylene. We highlight the potential of metal electrodeposition from DES as a sustainable strategy to develop bimetallic Cu-based nanocatalysts for CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Plaza-Mayoral
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valery Okatenko
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Kim N. Dalby
- Topsoe A/S, Haldor Topsøe Allé 1, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne Falsig
- Topsoe A/S, Haldor Topsøe Allé 1, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ib Chorkendorff
- Department of Physics, Surface Physics and Catalysis, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paula Sebastián-Pascual
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Zhang J, Xia S, Wang Y, Wu J, Wu Y. Recent advances in dynamic reconstruction of electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction. iScience 2024; 27:110005. [PMID: 38846002 PMCID: PMC11154216 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalysts undergo structural evolution under operating electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) conditions. This dynamic reconstruction correlates with variations in CO2RR activity, selectivity, and stability, posing challenges in catalyst design for electrochemical CO2RR. Despite increased research on the reconstruction behavior of CO2RR electrocatalysts, a comprehensive understanding of their dynamic structural evolution under reaction conditions is lacking. This review summarizes recent developments in the dynamic reconstruction of catalysts during the CO2RR process, covering fundamental principles, modulation strategies, and in situ/operando characterizations. It aims to enhance understanding of electrocatalyst dynamic reconstruction, offering guidelines for the rational design of CO2RR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Shuai Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center (Anhui Energy Laboratory), Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Yucheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- China International S&T Cooperation Base for Advanced Energy and Environmental Materials & Anhui Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Advanced Energy Materials, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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11
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Liu S, Li Y, Wang D, Xi S, Xu H, Wang Y, Li X, Zang W, Liu W, Su M, Yan K, Nielander AC, Wong AB, Lu J, Jaramillo TF, Wang L, Canepa P, He Q. Alkali cation-induced cathodic corrosion in Cu electrocatalysts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5080. [PMID: 38871724 PMCID: PMC11176167 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of Cu catalysts during electrochemical reduction of CO2 is a widely known but poorly understood phenomenon. Herein, we examine the structural evolution of Cu nanocubes under CO2 reduction reaction and its relevant reaction conditions using identical location transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, in situ X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation. Our results suggest that Cu catalysts reconstruct via a hitherto unexplored yet critical pathway - alkali cation-induced cathodic corrosion, when the electrode potential is more negative than an onset value (e.g., -0.4 VRHE when using 0.1 M KHCO3). Having alkali cations in the electrolyte is critical for such a process. Consequently, Cu catalysts will inevitably undergo surface reconstructions during a typical process of CO2 reduction reaction, resulting in dynamic catalyst morphologies. While having these reconstructions does not necessarily preclude stable electrocatalytic reactions, they will indeed prohibit long-term selectivity and activity enhancement by controlling the morphology of Cu pre-catalysts. Alternatively, by operating Cu catalysts at less negative potentials in the CO electrochemical reduction, we show that Cu nanocubes can provide a much more stable selectivity advantage over spherical Cu nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Liu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yuheng Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, E5 #02-29, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore.
| | - Haoming Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xinzhe Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Wenjie Zang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Mengyao Su
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Katherine Yan
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Adam C Nielander
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrew B Wong
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, E5 #02-29, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, E8, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117580, Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, E8, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117580, Singapore
| | - Thomas F Jaramillo
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, E5 #02-29, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, E8, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117580, Singapore.
| | - Pieremanuele Canepa
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, E5 #02-29, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Qian He
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, EA #03-09, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- Centre for Hydrogen Innovations, National University of Singapore, E8, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117580, Singapore.
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12
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Qiu W, Qin S, Li Y, Cao N, Cui W, Zhang Z, Zhuang Z, Wang D, Zhang Y. Overcoming Electrostatic Interaction via Pulsed Electroreduction for Boosting the Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402684. [PMID: 38597346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic urea synthesis under ambient conditions offers a promising alternative strategy to the traditional energy-intensive urea industry protocol. Limited by the electrostatic interaction, the reduction reaction of anions at the cathode in the electrocatalytic system is not easily achievable. Here, we propose a novel strategy to overcome electrostatic interaction via pulsed electroreduction. We found that the reconstruction-resistant CuSiOx nanotube, with abundant atomic Cu-O-Si interfacial sites, exhibits ultrastability in the electrosynthesis of urea from nitrate and CO2. Under a pulsed potential approach with optimal operating conditions, the Cu-O-Si interfaces achieve a superior urea production rate (1606.1 μg h-1 mgcat. -1) with high selectivity (79.01 %) and stability (the Faradaic efficiency is retained at 80 % even after 80 h of testing), outperforming most reported electrocatalytic synthesis urea catalysts. We believe our strategy will incite further investigation into pulsed electroreduction increasing substrate transport, which may guide the design of ambient urea electrosynthesis and other energy conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Shimei Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Yibao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Ning Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Weirong Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zechao Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
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13
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Yang S, Liu X, Li S, Yuan W, Yang L, Wang T, Zheng H, Cao R, Zhang W. The mechanism of water oxidation using transition metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5593-5625. [PMID: 38646825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01031g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The water oxidation reaction, a crucial process for solar energy conversion, has garnered significant research attention. Achieving efficient energy conversion requires the development of cost-effective and durable water oxidation catalysts. To design effective catalysts, it is essential to have a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the understanding of the mechanisms of water oxidation using transition metal-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts, including Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu-based catalysts. It highlights the catalytic mechanisms of different transition metals and emphasizes the importance of monitoring of key intermediates to explore the reaction pathway. In addition, advanced techniques for physical characterization of water oxidation intermediates are also introduced, for the purpose of providing information for establishing reliable methodologies in water oxidation research. The study of transition metal-based water oxidation electrocatalysts is instrumental in providing novel insights into understanding both natural and artificial energy conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Luna Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Haoquan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
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14
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Du X, Gao B, Xiao C, Ding S, Song Z, Nam KT. Promoting hydrophilic cupric oxide electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction to methanol via interfacial engineering modulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:893-902. [PMID: 38382373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Copper-based catalysts have been extensively investigated in electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction to promote carbon products generated by requiring multiple electron transfer. However, hydrophilic electrodes are unfavourable for CO2 mass transfer and preferentially hydrogen (H2) evolution in electrochemical CO2 reduction. In this paper, a hydrophilic cupric oxide (CuO) electrode with a grassy morphology was prepared. CuO-derived Cu was confirmed as the active site for electrochemical CO2 reduction through wettability modulation. To enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity, a metal-oxide heterogeneous interface was created by engineering modulation at the interface, involving the loading of palladium (Pd) on CuO (CuO/Pd). Both the electrochemically active area and the electron transfer rate were enhanced by Pd loading, and significantly the reduced work function further facilitated the electron transfer between the electrode surface and the electrolyte. Consequently, the CuO/Pd electrode exhibited excellent excellent performance in electrochemical CO2 reduction, achieving a 54 % Faraday efficiency at -0.65 V for methanol (CH3OH). The metal-oxide interfacial effect potentially improves the intrinsic catalytic activity of hydrophilic CuO electrodes in electrochemical CO2 reduction, providing a conducive pathway for optimizing hydrophilic oxide electrodes in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Du
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266525, China
| | - Chunhui Xiao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shujiang Ding
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhongxiao Song
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Wu W, Xu L, Lu Q, Sun J, Xu Z, Song C, Yu JC, Wang Y. Addressing the Carbonate Issue: Electrocatalysts for Acidic CO 2 Reduction Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312894. [PMID: 38722084 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) powered by renewable energy provides a promising route to CO2 conversion and utilization. However, the widely used neutral/alkaline electrolyte consumes a large amount of CO2 to produce (bi)carbonate byproducts, leading to significant challenges at the device level, thereby impeding the further deployment of this reaction. Conducting CO2RR in acidic electrolytes offers a promising solution to address the "carbonate issue"; however, it presents inherent difficulties due to the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction, necessitating concerted efforts toward advanced catalyst and electrode designs to achieve high selectivity and activity. This review encompasses recent developments of acidic CO2RR, from mechanism elucidation to catalyst design and device engineering. This review begins by discussing the mechanistic understanding of the reaction pathway, laying the foundation for catalyst design in acidic CO2RR. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in acidic CO2RR catalysts is provided, highlighting heterogeneous catalysts, surface immobilized molecular catalysts, and catalyst surface enhancement. Furthermore, the progress made in device-level applications is summarized, aiming to develop high-performance acidic CO2RR systems. Finally, the existing challenges and future directions in the design of acidic CO2RR catalysts are outlined, emphasizing the need for improved selectivity, activity, stability, and scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Liangpang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Jiping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Zhanyou Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Chunshan Song
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Jimmy C Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S. A. R., China
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16
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Albertini PP, Newton MA, Wang M, Segura Lecina O, Green PB, Stoian DC, Oveisi E, Loiudice A, Buonsanti R. Hybrid oxide coatings generate stable Cu catalysts for CO 2 electroreduction. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:680-687. [PMID: 38366155 PMCID: PMC11068572 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid organic/inorganic materials have contributed to solve important challenges in different areas of science. One of the biggest challenges for a more sustainable society is to have active and stable catalysts that enable the transition from fossil fuel to renewable feedstocks, reduce energy consumption and minimize the environmental footprint. Here we synthesize novel hybrid materials where an amorphous oxide coating with embedded organic ligands surrounds metallic nanocrystals. We demonstrate that the hybrid coating is a powerful means to create electrocatalysts stable against structural reconstruction during the CO2 electroreduction. These electrocatalysts consist of copper nanocrystals encapsulated in a hybrid organic/inorganic alumina shell. This shell locks a fraction of the copper surface into a reduction-resistant Cu2+ state, which inhibits those redox processes responsible for the structural reconstruction of copper. The electrocatalyst activity is preserved, which would not be possible with a conventional dense alumina coating. Varying the shell thickness and the coating morphology yields fundamental insights into the stabilization mechanism and emphasizes the importance of the Lewis acidity of the shell in relation to the retention of catalyst structure. The synthetic tunability of the chemistry developed herein opens new avenues for the design of stable electrocatalysts and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru P Albertini
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Mark A Newton
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Min Wang
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ona Segura Lecina
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Philippe B Green
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Dragos C Stoian
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamlines, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Center for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland.
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17
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Liang Y, Zhang R, Xiao K, Ye F, Ma X, Liu W, Yin H, Mao B, Song X, Hu C. Ligand-engineering Cu-based catalysts to accelerate the electrochemical reduction of CO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4699-4702. [PMID: 38595270 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Two typical Cu-based complex catalysts with piperazine (PR) and p-phenylenediamine (pPDA) ligands were designed to elucidate whether the ligands can tailor the reduction behavior of the Cu species and thus modulate their electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) activity. Specifically, Cu-PR underwent a significant in situ transformation into Cu nanoparticles enriched with a Cuδ+/Cu0 interface for high eCO2RR activity, compared to Cu-pPDA. This finding reveals the importance of ligand engineering in modulating the eCO2RR performance of Cu-based complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Membranes for Chemical Industry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kaihong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Fenghui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xinyue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Hanle Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Baoguang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiangru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chuangang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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18
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Penot C, Maniam KK, Paul S. Electrochemical Characterization of Electrodeposited Copper in Amine CO 2 Capture Media. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1825. [PMID: 38673182 PMCID: PMC11051279 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the stability of electrodeposited copper catalysts utilized in electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) across various amine media. The focus is on understanding the influence of different amine types, corrosion ramifications, and the efficacy of pulse ECR methodologies. Employing a suite of electrochemical techniques including potentiodynamic polarization, linear resistance polarization, cyclic voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry, the investigation reveals useful insights. The findings show that among the tested amines, CO2-rich monoethanolamine (MEA) exhibits the highest corrosion rate. However, in most cases, the rates remain within tolerable limits for ECR operations. Primary amines, notably monoethanolamine (MEA), show enhanced compatibility with ECR processes, attributable to their resistance against carbonate salt precipitation and sustained stability over extended durations. Conversely, tertiary amines such as methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) present challenges due to the formation of carbonate salts during ECR, impeding their effective utilization. This study highlights the effectiveness of pulse ECR strategies in stabilizing ECR. A noticeable shift in cathodic potential and reduced deposit formation on the catalyst surface through periodic oxidation underscores the efficacy of such strategies. These findings offer insights for optimizing ECR in amine media, thereby providing promising pathways for advancements in CO2 emission reduction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Penot
- Materials Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (C.P.); (K.K.M.)
| | - Kranthi Kumar Maniam
- Materials Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (C.P.); (K.K.M.)
| | - Shiladitya Paul
- Materials Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (C.P.); (K.K.M.)
- Materials Performance and Integrity Technology Group, TWI, Cambridge CB21 6AL, UK
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19
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Wang Y, Xia S, Cai R, Zhang J, Yu C, Cui J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Wu Y. Dynamic Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Defective Bi Nanosheets for Efficient Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318589. [PMID: 38385612 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Catalyst surface dynamics drive the generation of active species for electrocatalytic reactions. Yet, the understanding of dominant site formation and reaction mechanisms is limited. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the dynamic reconstruction of two-dimensional defective Bi nanosheets from exfoliated Bi2Se3 nanosheets under electrochemical CO2 and nitrate (NO3 -) reduction conditions. The ultrathin Bi2Se3 nanosheets obtained by NaBH4-assisted cryo-mediated liquid-phase exfoliation are more easily reduced and reconstructed to Bi nanosheets with high-density grain boundaries (GBs; GB-rich Bi). The reconstructed GB-rich Bi catalyst affords a remarkable yield rate of 4.6 mmol h-1 mgcat. -1 and Faradaic efficiency of 32 % for urea production at -0.40 V vs. RHE. Notably, this yield rate is 2 and 8.2 times higher than those of the low-GB Bi and bulk Bi catalysts, respectively. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the GB sites significantly reduce the *CO and *NH2 intermediate formation energy and C-N coupling energy barrier, enabling selective urea electrosynthesis on the GB-rich Bi catalyst. This work will trigger further research into the structure-activity interplay in dynamic processes using in situ techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui Energy Laboratory), Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Cuiping Yu
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jiewu Cui
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH-45221, United States
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Department School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- China International S&T Cooperation Base for Advanced Energy and Environmental Materials & Anhui Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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20
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Filippi M, Möller T, Pastusiak R, Magori E, Paul B, Strasser P. Scale-Up of PTFE-Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes Using an Electrolyte-Integrated Polymer-Coated Current Collector Approach. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2024; 9:1361-1368. [PMID: 38633993 PMCID: PMC11019647 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.4c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonconductive porous polymer substrates, such as PTFE, have been pivotal in the fabrication of stable and high-performing gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for the reduction of CO2/CO in small scale electrolyzers; however, the scale-up of polymer-based GDEs without performance penalties to technologically more relevant electrode sizes has remained elusive. This work reports on a new current collector concept that enables the scale-up of PTFE-based GDEs from 5 to 100 cm2 and beyond. The present approach builds on a multifunctional current collector concept that enables multipoint front-contacting of thin catalyst coatings, which mitigates performance losses even for high resistivity cathodes. Our improved current collector design concomitantly incorporates a flow-field functionality in a monopolar plate configuration, keeping electrolyte gaps small for increased performance. Experiments with 100 cm2 cathodes were conducted in a one-gap alkaline AEM and acid CEM system. Our design represents an important step forward in the development of larger-size CO2 electrolyzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Filippi
- The
Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis, and Materials Science Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Möller
- The
Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis, and Materials Science Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Remigiusz Pastusiak
- Siemens
Energy (SE) New Energy Business (NEB) Technology & Products (TP)
Development (DEV), Siemens Energy Global
GmbH & Co. KG, 81739 Munich, Germany
| | - Erhard Magori
- Siemens
Energy (SE) New Energy Business (NEB) Technology & Products (TP)
Development (DEV), Siemens Energy Global
GmbH & Co. KG, 81739 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Paul
- The
Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis, and Materials Science Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Strasser
- The
Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis, and Materials Science Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Yamaguchi S, Ebe H, Minegishi T, Sugiyama M. Introduction of a Conductive Layer into Flood-Resistant Gas Diffusion Electrodes with Polymer Substrate for an Efficient Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction with Copper Oxide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17371-17376. [PMID: 38533998 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable feedstocks is a crucial technology, and electrochemical reduction of CO2 is a promising approach that can provide a useful source of ethylene (C2H4). Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) placed at the interface of the CO2 gas and electrolyte can achieve high current density through a sufficient supply of dissolved CO2 to the reaction site, making them indispensable in industrial applications. However, conventional GDEs with carbon substrate have suffered from electrolyte flooding and consequent loss of efficiency, posing an obstacle for practical application. While flood-resistant GDEs with hydrophobic polymer substrate have been proposed recently, only conductive materials can be employed as electrocatalysts because of their insulative properties, despite the high activities of oxide materials such as copper oxide. Here, we introduce an aluminum conductive layer in GDE with polymer substrate to enable the use of electrically resistive catalysts. Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) with silver particles was tested as a model material and has shown prolonged stability (>17 h) with high C2H4 Faraday efficiency (>50%) while suppressing flooding. A thorough characterization revealed that the conductive layer makes Cu2O an efficient electrocatalyst, even on the polymer substrate, by providing sufficient electrons through its conduction path. This research significantly expands the scope of electrode design by enabling the incorporation of a wide range of nonelectrically conductive materials on GDEs with polymer substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingi Yamaguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroji Ebe
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Minegishi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Masakazu Sugiyama
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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22
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Guo L, Zhou J, Liu F, Meng X, Ma Y, Hao F, Xiong Y, Fan Z. Electronic Structure Design of Transition Metal-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9823-9851. [PMID: 38546130 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
With the increasingly serious greenhouse effect, the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) has garnered widespread attention as it is capable of leveraging renewable energy to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals and fuels. However, the performance of CO2RR can hardly meet expectations because of the diverse intermediates and complicated reaction processes, necessitating the exploitation of highly efficient catalysts. In recent years, with advanced characterization technologies and theoretical simulations, the exploration of catalytic mechanisms has gradually deepened into the electronic structure of catalysts and their interactions with intermediates, which serve as a bridge to facilitate the deeper comprehension of structure-performance relationships. Transition metal-based catalysts (TMCs), extensively applied in electrochemical CO2RR, demonstrate substantial potential for further electronic structure modulation, given their abundance of d electrons. Herein, we discuss the representative feasible strategies to modulate the electronic structure of catalysts, including doping, vacancy, alloying, heterostructure, strain, and phase engineering. These approaches profoundly alter the inherent properties of TMCs and their interaction with intermediates, thereby greatly affecting the reaction rate and pathway of CO2RR. It is believed that the rational electronic structure design and modulation can fundamentally provide viable directions and strategies for the development of advanced catalysts toward efficient electrochemical conversion of CO2 and many other small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yangbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy (HKICE), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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23
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Xu F, Feng B, Shen Z, Chen Y, Jiao L, Zhang Y, Tian J, Zhang J, Wang X, Yang L, Wu Q, Hu Z. Oxygen-Bridged Cu Binuclear Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to Ethanol at Ultralow Overpotential. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9365-9374. [PMID: 38511947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) to alcohols offers a promising strategy for converting waste CO2 into valuable fuels/chemicals but usually requires large overpotentials. Herein, we report a catalyst comprising unique oxygen-bridged Cu binuclear sites (CuOCu-N4) with a Cu···Cu distance of 3.0-3.1 Å and concomitant conventional Cu-N4 mononuclear sites on hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages (hNCNCs). The catalyst exhibits a state-of-the-art low overpotential of 0.19 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode) for ethanol and an outstanding ethanol Faradaic efficiency of 56.3% at an ultralow potential of -0.30 V, with high-stable Cu active-site structures during the CO2RR as confirmed by operando X-ray adsorption fine structure characterization. Theoretical simulations reveal that CuOCu-N4 binuclear sites greatly enhance the C-C coupling at low potentials, while Cu-N4 mononuclear sites and the hNCNC support increase the local CO concentration and ethanol production on CuOCu-N4. This study provides a convenient approach to advanced Cu binuclear site catalysts for CO2RR to ethanol with a deep understanding of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Biao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiqun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liu Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xizhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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24
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Toleukhanova S, Shen TH, Chang C, Swathilakshmi S, Bottinelli Montandon T, Tileli V. Graphene Electrode for Studying CO 2 Electroreduction Nanocatalysts under Realistic Conditions in Microcells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311133. [PMID: 38217533 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The ability to resolve the dynamic evolution of electrocatalytically induced processes with electrochemical liquid-phase electron microscopy (EM) is limited by the microcell configuration. Herein, a free-standing tri-layer graphene is integrated as a membrane and electrode material into the electrochemical chip and its suitability as a substrate electrode at the high cathodic potentials required for CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER) is evaluated. The three-layer stacked graphene is transferred onto an in-house fabricated single-working electrode chip for use with bulk-like reference and counter electrodes to facilitate evaluation of its effectiveness. Electrochemical measurements show that the graphene working electrode exhibits a wider inert cathodic potential range than the conventional glassy carbon electrode while achieving good charge transfer properties for nanocatalytic redox reactions. Operando scanning electron microscopy studies clearly demonstrate the improvement in spatial resolution but reveal a synergistic effect of the electron beam and the applied potential that limits the stability time window of the graphene-based electrochemical chip. By optimizing the operating conditions, in situ monitoring of Cu nanocube degradation is achieved at the CO2ER potential of -1.1 V versus RHE. Thus, this improved microcell configuration allows EM observation of catalytic processes at potentials relevant to real systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saltanat Toleukhanova
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Tzu-Hsien Shen
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Chen Chang
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Tileli
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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25
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Zheng M, Zhang J, Wang P, Jin H, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation Reactions on Copper-Based Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307913. [PMID: 37756435 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation reactions play a critical role in the synthesis of value-added products within the chemical industry. Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) using water as the hydrogen source has emerged as an alternative to conventional thermocatalytic processes for sustainable and decentralized chemical synthesis under mild conditions. Among the various ECH catalysts, copper-based (Cu-based) nanomaterials are promising candidates due to their earth-abundance, unique electronic structure, versatility, and high activity/selectivity. Herein, recent advances in the application of Cu-based catalysts in ECH reactions for the upgrading of valuable chemicals are systematically analyzed. The unique properties of Cu-based catalysts in ECH are initially introduced, followed by design strategies to enhance their activity and selectivity. Then, typical ECH reactions on Cu-based catalysts are presented in detail, including carbon dioxide reduction for multicarbon generation, alkyne-to-alkene conversion, selective aldehyde conversion, ammonia production from nitrogen-containing substances, and amine production from organic nitrogen compounds. In these catalysts, the role of catalyst composition and nanostructures toward different products is focused. The co-hydrogenation of two substrates (e.g., CO2 and NOx n, SO3 2-, etc.) via C─N, C─S, and C─C cross-coupling reactions are also highlighted. Finally, the critical issues and future perspectives of Cu-catalyzed ECH are proposed to accelerate the rational development of next-generation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Junyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Pengtang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Huanyu Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Shi-Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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26
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Ávila-Bolívar B, Lopez Luna M, Yang F, Yoon A, Montiel V, Solla-Gullón J, Chee SW, Roldan Cuenya B. Revealing the Intrinsic Restructuring of Bi 2O 3 Nanoparticles into Bi Nanosheets during Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11552-11560. [PMID: 38408369 PMCID: PMC10921375 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bismuth is a catalyst material that selectively produces formate during the electrochemical reduction of CO2. While different synthesis strategies have been employed to create electrocatalysts with better performance, the restructuring of bismuth precatalysts during the reaction has also been previously reported. The mechanism behind the change has, however, remained unclear. Here, we show that Bi2O3 nanoparticles supported on Vulcan carbon intrinsically transform into stellated nanosheet aggregates upon exposure to an electrolyte. Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy observations first revealed the gradual restructuring of the nanoparticles into nanosheets in the presence of 0.1 M KHCO3 without an applied potential. Our experiments also associated the restructuring with solubility of bismuth in the electrolyte. While the consequent agglomerates were stable under moderate negative potentials (-0.3 VRHE), they dissolved over time at larger negative potentials (-0.4 and -0.5 VRHE). Operando Raman spectra collected during the reaction showed that under an applied potential, the oxide particles reduced to metallic bismuth, thereby confirming the metal as the working phase for producing formate. These results inform us about the working morphology of these electrocatalysts and their formation and degradation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauricio Lopez Luna
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute
of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Fengli Yang
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute
of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Aram Yoon
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute
of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Vicente Montiel
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - José Solla-Gullón
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute
of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute
of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
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27
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Wen Y, Cheng WH, Wang YR, Shen FC, Lan YQ. Tailoring the Hydrophobic Interface of Core-Shell HKUST-1@Cu 2O Nanocomposites for Efficiently Selective CO 2 Electroreduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307467. [PMID: 37940620 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to ethylene creates a carbon-neutral approach to converting carbon dioxide into intermittent renewable electricity. Exploring efficient electrocatalysts with potentially high ethylene selectivity is extremely desirable, but still challenging. In this report, a laboratory-designed catalyst HKUST-1@Cu2O/PTFE-1 is prepared, in which the high specific surface area of the composites with improved CO2 adsorption and the abundance of active sites contribute to the increased electrocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the hydrophobic interface constructed by the hydrophobic material polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) effectively inhibits the occurrence of hydrogen evolution reactions, providing a significant improvement in the efficiency of CO2 electroreduction. The distinctive structures result in the remarkable hydrocarbon fuels generation with high Faraday efficiency (FE) of 67.41%, particularly for ethylene with FE of 46.08% (-1.0 V vs RHE). The superior performance of the catalyst is verified by DFT calculation with lower Gibbs free energy of the intermediate interactions with improved proton migration and selectivity to emerge the polycarbon(C2+) product. In this work, a promising and effective strategy is presented to configure MOF-based materials with tailored hydrophobic interface, high adsorption selectivity and more exposed active sites for enhancing the efficiency of the electroreduction of CO2 to C2+ products with high added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Cheng
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Cui Shen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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28
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Zhu J, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Tian X, Huang M, Bai X, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jiang H. Superexchange-stabilized long-distance Cu sites in rock-salt-ordered double perovskite oxides for CO 2 electromethanation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1565. [PMID: 38378629 PMCID: PMC10879110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cu-oxide-based catalysts are promising for CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) to CH4, but suffer from inevitable reduction (to metallic Cu) and uncontrollable structural collapse. Here we report Cu-based rock-salt-ordered double perovskite oxides with superexchange-stabilized long-distance Cu sites for efficient and stable CO2-to-CH4 conversion. For the proof-of-concept catalyst of Sr2CuWO6, its corner-linked CuO6 and WO6 octahedral motifs alternate in all three crystallographic dimensions, creating sufficiently long Cu-Cu distances (at least 5.4 Å) and introducing marked superexchange interaction mainly manifested by O-anion-mediated electron transfer (from Cu to W sites). In CO2RR, the Sr2CuWO6 exhibits significant improvements (up to 14.1 folds) in activity and selectivity for CH4, together with well boosted stability, relative to a physical-mixture counterpart of CuO/WO3. Moreover, the Sr2CuWO6 is the most effective Cu-based-perovskite catalyst for CO2 methanation, achieving a remarkable selectivity of 73.1% at 400 mA cm-2 for CH4. Our experiments and theoretical calculations highlight the long Cu-Cu distances promoting *CO hydrogenation and the superexchange interaction stabilizing Cu sites as responsible for the superb performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zitao Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, 276005, Linyi, China
| | - Xuezeng Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Minghua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Heqing Jiang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, China.
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29
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Wu H, Wang Z, Tian B, Li Y, Chang Z, Kuang Y, Sun X. Gas-induced controllable synthesis of the Cu(100) crystal facet for the selective electroreduction of CO 2 to multicarbon products. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3034-3042. [PMID: 38231532 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05023h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) to high value-added chemicals is an excellent method to attenuate the impact of greenhouse effect caused by CO2. At the same time, multicarbon products (C2+) get extensive attention in view of their relatively high energy density and market price. At present, Cu is an important metal electrocatalyst to convert CO2 into multicarbon products (e.g. ethylene, ethanol, and n-propanol); however, its poor selectivity impedes its practical application. It is well-known that the Cu(100) crystal facet can enhance the selectivity toward multicarbon products among different Cu crystal facets. Herein, the Cu nanoparticles were firstly prepared using the inductive effect of different gases (CO2, CO, Ar, N2, and air) during the Cu electrodeposition processes, in which the CO2-induced Cu catalyst (Cu-CO2) showed the largest normalized content of the Cu(100) crystal facet and the highest C2+ faradaic efficiency of 69% at a current density of 80 mA cm-2 in ECR. Subsequently, the different CO2 pressures during the Cu electrodepositions were studied to reveal the optimal CO2 pressure in the CO2-induced Cu synthesis for improved Cu(100) content as well as C2+ faradaic efficiency. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that CO2 molecules preferred to get adsorbed on the Cu(100) crystal facet, which resulted in not only the presence of dominant Cu(100) during the CO2-induced Cu synthesis but also the good electrocatalytic performance in ECR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
| | - Zhili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
| | - Benqiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
| | - Zheng Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
| | - Yun Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
- Ocean Hydrogen Energy R&D Center, Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
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30
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Du S, Yang P, Li M, Tao L, Wang S, Liu ZQ. Catalysts and electrolyzers for the electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction: from laboratory to industrial applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1207-1221. [PMID: 38186078 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05453e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To cope with the urgent environmental pressure and tight energy demand, using electrocatalytic methods to drive the reduction of carbon dioxide molecules and produce a variety of fuels and chemicals, is one of the effective pathways to achieve carbon neutrality. In recent years, many significant advances in the study of the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) have been made, but most of the works exhibit low current density, small electrode area and poor long-term stability, which are not suitable for large-scale industrial applications. Herein, combining the research achievements obtained in laboratories and the practical demand of industrial production, we summarize recent frontier progress in the field of the electrochemical CO2RR, including the fundamentals of catalytic reactions, catalyst design and preparation, and the construction of electrolyzers. In addition, we discuss the bottleneck problem of industrial CO2 electrolysis, and further present the prospect of the essential issues to be solved by the available technology for industrial electrolysis. This review can provide some basic understanding and knowledge accumulation for the development and practical application of electrochemical CO2RR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqian Du
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, China.
| | - Pupu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, China.
| | - Mengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, China.
| | - Li Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, China.
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, China.
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, China.
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31
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Zhu Z, Zhu Y, Ren Z, Liu D, Yue F, Sheng D, Shao P, Huang X, Feng X, Yin AX, Xie J, Wang B. Covalent Organic Framework Ionomer Steering the CO 2 Electroreduction Pathway on Cu at Industrial-Grade Current Density. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1572-1579. [PMID: 38170986 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
CO2 electroreduction holds great promise for addressing global energy and sustainability challenges. Copper (Cu) shows great potential for effective conversion of CO2 toward specific value-added and/or high-energy-density products. However, its limitation lies in relatively low product selectivity. Herein, we present that the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) pathway on commercially available Cu can be rationally steered by modulating the microenvironment in the vicinity of the Cu surface with two-dimensional sulfonated covalent organic framework nanosheet (COF-NS)-based ionomers. Specifically, the selectivity toward methane (CH4) can be enhanced to more than 60% with the total current density up to 500 mA cm-2 in flow cells in both acidic (pH = 2) and alkaline (pH = 14) electrolytes. The COF-NS, characterized by abundant apertures, can promote the accumulation of CO2 and K+ near the catalyst surface, alter the adsorption energy and surface coverage of *CO, facilitate the dissociation of H2O, and finally modulate the reaction pathway for the CO2RR. Our approach demonstrates the rational modulation of reaction interfaces for the CO2RR utilizing porous open framework ionomers, showcasing their potential practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejiaji Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Di Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Yue
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Dafei Sheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Shao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiuying Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - An-Xiang Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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32
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Chee SW, Lunkenbein T, Schlögl R, Roldán Cuenya B. Operando Electron Microscopy of Catalysts: The Missing Cornerstone in Heterogeneous Catalysis Research? Chem Rev 2023; 123:13374-13418. [PMID: 37967448 PMCID: PMC10722467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis in thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase chemical conversion plays an important role in our modern energy landscape. However, many of the structural features that drive efficient chemical energy conversion are still unknown. These features are, in general, highly distinct on the local scale and lack translational symmetry, and thus, they are difficult to capture without the required spatial and temporal resolution. Correlating these structures to their function will, conversely, allow us to disentangle irrelevant and relevant features, explore the entanglement of different local structures, and provide us with the necessary understanding to tailor novel catalyst systems with improved productivity. This critical review provides a summary of the still immature field of operando electron microscopy for thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase reactions. It focuses on the complexity of investigating catalytic reactions and catalysts, progress in the field, and analysis. The forthcoming advances are discussed in view of correlative techniques, artificial intelligence in analysis, and novel reactor designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Wee Chee
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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33
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Xie L, Jiang Y, Zhu W, Ding S, Zhou Y, Zhu JJ. Cu-based catalyst designs in CO 2 electroreduction: precise modulation of reaction intermediates for high-value chemical generation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13629-13660. [PMID: 38075661 PMCID: PMC10699555 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04353c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The massive emission of excess greenhouse gases (mainly CO2) have an irreversible impact on the Earth's ecology. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR), a technique that utilizes renewable energy sources to create highly reduced chemicals (e.g. C2H4, C2H5OH), has attracted significant attention in the science community. Cu-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for ECR, particularly in producing multi-carbon products that hold substantial value in modern industries. The formation of multi-carbon products involves a range of transient intermediates, the behaviour of which critically influences the reaction pathway and product distribution. Consequently, achieving desirable products necessitates precise regulation of these intermediates. This review explores state-of-the-art designs of Cu-based catalysts, classified into three categories based on the different prospects of the intermediates' modulation: heteroatom doping, morphological structure engineering, and local catalytic environment engineering. These catalyst designs enable efficient multi-carbon generation in ECR by effectively modulating reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyiqun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yujing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, The Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the Environment, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wenlei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, The Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the Environment, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shichao Ding
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials IAM, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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34
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Lai W, Qiao Y, Wang Y, Huang H. Stability Issues in Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction: Recent Advances in Fundamental Understanding and Design Strategies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306288. [PMID: 37562821 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) offers a promising approach to close the anthropogenic carbon cycle and store intermittent renewable energy in fuels or chemicals. On the path to commercializing this technology, achieving the long-term operation stability is a central requirement but still confronts challenges. This motivates to organize the present review to systematically discuss the stability issue of CO2 RR. This review starts from the fundamental understanding on the destabilization mechanisms of CO2 RR, with focus on the degradation of electrocatalyst and change of reaction microenvironment during continuous electrolysis. Subsequently, recent efforts on catalyst design to stabilize the active sites are summarized, where increasing atomic binding strength to resist surface reconstruction is highlighted. Next, the optimization of electrolysis system to enhance the operation stability by maintaining reaction microenvironment especially mitigating flooding and carbonate problems is demonstrated. The manipulation on operation conditions also enables to prolong CO2 RR lifespan through recovering catalytically active sites and mass transport process. This review finally ends up by indicating the challenges and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchuan Lai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
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35
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Okatenko V, Boulanger C, Chen AN, Kumar K, Schouwink P, Loiudice A, Buonsanti R. Voltage-Driven Chemical Reactions Enable the Synthesis of Tunable Liquid Ga-Metal Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25401-25410. [PMID: 37948677 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized particles of liquid metals are emerging materials that hold promise for applications spanning from microelectronics to catalysis. Yet, knowledge of their chemical reactivity is largely unknown. Here, we study the reactivity of liquid Ga and Cu nanoparticles under the application of a cathodic voltage. We discover that the applied voltage and the spatial proximity of these two particle precursors dictate the reaction outcome. In particular, we find that a gradual voltage ramp is crucial to reduce the native oxide skin of gallium and enable reactive wetting between the Ga and Cu nanoparticles; instead, a voltage step causes dewetting between the two. We determine that the use of liquid Ga/Cu nanodimer precursors, which consist of an oxide-covered Ga domain interfaced with a metallic Cu domain, provides a more uniform mixing and results in more homogeneous reaction products compared to a physical mixture of Ga and Cu NPs. Having learned this, we obtain CuGa2 alloys or solid@liquid CuGa2@Ga core@shell nanoparticles by tuning the stoichiometry of Ga and Cu in the nanodimer precursors. These products reveal an interesting complementarity of thermal and voltage-driven syntheses to expand the compositional range of bimetallic NPs. Finally, we extend the voltage-driven synthesis to the combination of Ga with other elements (Ag, Sn, Co, and W). By rationalizing the impact of the native skin reduction rate, the wetting properties, and the chemical reactivity between Ga and other metals on the results of such voltage-driven chemical manipulation, we define the criteria to predict the outcome of this reaction and set the ground for future studies targeting various applications for multielement nanomaterials based on liquid Ga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Okatenko
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Coline Boulanger
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Alexander N Chen
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Schouwink
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
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36
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Smiljanić M, Srejić I, Georgijević JP, Maksić A, Bele M, Hodnik N. Recent progress in the development of advanced support materials for electrocatalysis. Front Chem 2023; 11:1304063. [PMID: 38025069 PMCID: PMC10665529 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1304063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic materials are pivotal for clean chemical production and energy conversion in devices like electrolyzers and fuel cells. These materials usually consist of metallic nanoparticles which serve as active reaction sites, and support materials which provide high surface area, conductivity and stability. When designing novel electrocatalytic composites, the focus is often on the metallic sites, however, the significance of the support should not be overlooked. Carbon materials, valued for their conductivity and large surface area, are commonly used as support in benchmark electrocatalysts. However, using alternative support materials instead of carbon can be beneficial in certain cases. In this minireview, we summarize recent advancements and key directions in developing novel supports for electrocatalysis, encompassing both carbon and non-carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Smiljanić
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - I. Srejić
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute for Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - J. P. Georgijević
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute for Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A. Maksić
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute for Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M. Bele
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N. Hodnik
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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37
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Shen TH, Girod R, Tileli V. Insights into Electrocatalyst Transformations Studied in Real Time with Electrochemical Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3023-3032. [PMID: 37874852 PMCID: PMC10634301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe value of operando and in situ characterization methodologies for understanding electrochemical systems under operation can be inferred from the upsurge of studies that have reported mechanistic insights into electrocatalytic processes based on such measurements. Despite the widespread availability of performing dynamic experiments nowadays, these techniques are in their infancy because the complexity of the experimental design and the collection and analysis of data remain challenging, effectively necessitating future developments. It is also due to their extensive use that a dedicated modus operandi for acquiring dynamic electrocatalytic information is imperative. In this Account, we focus on the work of our laboratory on electrochemical liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (ec-LPTEM) to understand the transformation/activation of state-of-the-art nanocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER). We begin by describing the development of electrochemical microcells for TEM studies, highlighting the importance of tailoring the system to each electrochemical process to obtain reliable results. Starting with the anodic OER for alkaline electrolyzers, we demonstrate the capability of real-time monitoring of the electrowetting behavior of Co-based oxide catalysts and detail the fascinating insights gained into solid-liquid interfaces for the reversible surface reconstruction of the catalystic surfaces and their degradation processes. Importantly, in the case of the OER, we report the exceptional capacity of ec-LPTEM to probe gaseous products and therefore resolve solid-liquid-gas phenomena. Moving toward the cathodic ORR for fuel cells, we summarize studies that pertain to the evaluation of the degradation mechanisms of Pt nanoparticles and discuss the issues with performing real-time measurements on realistic catalyst layers that are composed of the carbon support, ionomer network, and Pt nanocatalysts. For the most cathodic CO2ER, we first discuss the challenges of spatiotemporal data collection in microcells under these negative potentials. We then show that control over the electrochemical stimuli is critical for determining the mechanism of restructuring/dissolution of Cu nanospheres, either for focusing on the first stages of the reaction or for start/stop operation studies. Finally, we close this Account with the possible evolution in the way we visualize electrochemical processes with ec-LPTEM and emphasize the need for studies that bridge the scales with the ultimate goal of fully evaluating the impact of the insights obtained from the in situ-monitored processes on the operability of electrocatalytic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsien Shen
- Institute of Materials, École
Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robin Girod
- Institute of Materials, École
Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vasiliki Tileli
- Institute of Materials, École
Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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38
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Xia F, Xu Q, Yang F, Shu L, Wen Y. Enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of SnX 2 (X = S and Se) monolayers for CO 2 reduction to HCOOH via transition metal atom adsorption: a theoretical investigation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33114-33119. [PMID: 37954411 PMCID: PMC10633812 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring highly efficient, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) can not only mitigate greenhouse gas emission but also store renewable energy. Herein, CO2 electroreduction to HCOOH on the surface of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayer-supported non-noble metal atoms (Fe, Co and Ni) was systematically investigated using first-principles calculations. Our results show that Fe, Co and Ni adsorbed on the surface of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers can effectively enhance their electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction to HCOOH with low limiting potentials due to the decreasing energy barrier of *OOCH. Moreover, the lower free energy of the *OOCH intermediate on the surface of TM/SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers verifies that the electroreduction of CO2 to HCOOH prefers to proceed along the path: CO2 → *OOCH → *HCOOH → HCOOH. Interestingly, SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayer-supported Co and Ni atoms prefer the HCOOH product with low CRR overpotentials of 0.03/0.01 V and 0.13/0.05 V, respectively, showing remarkable catalytic performance. This work reveals an efficient strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers for CO2 reduction to HCOOH, which could provide a way to design and develop new CRR catalysts experimentally in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Fengli Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Li Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yingpin Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
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Liu Z, Lv X, Kong S, Liu M, Liu K, Zhang J, Wu B, Zhang Q, Tang Y, Qian L, Zhang L, Zheng G. Interfacial Water Tuning by Intermolecular Spacing for Stable CO 2 Electroreduction to C 2+ Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309319. [PMID: 37673793 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Electroreduction of CO2 to multi-carbon (C2+ ) products is a promising approach for utilization of renewable energy, in which the interfacial water quantity is critical for both the C2+ product selectivity and the stability of Cu-based electrocatalytic sites. Functionalization of long-chain alkyl molecules on a catalyst surface can help to increase its stability, while it also tends to block the transport of water, thus inhibiting the C2+ product formation. Herein, we demonstrate the fine tuning of interfacial water by surface assembly of toluene on Cu nanosheets, allowing for sustained and enriched CO2 supply but retarded water transfer to catalytic surface. Compared to bare Cu with fast cathodic corrosion and long-chain alkyl-modified Cu with main CO product, the toluene assembly on Cu nanosheet surface enabled a high Faradaic efficiency of 78 % for C2+ and a partial current density of 1.81 A cm-2 . The toluene-modified Cu catalyst further exhibited highly stable CO2 -to-C2 H4 conversion of 400 h in a membrane-electrode-assembly electrolyzer, suggesting the attractive feature for both efficient C2+ selectivity and excellent stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ximeng Lv
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shuyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine, Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Mingtai Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Kunhao Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Linping Qian
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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40
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Wang J, Hsu CS, Wu TS, Chan TS, Suen NT, Lee JF, Chen HM. In situ X-ray spectroscopies beyond conventional X-ray absorption spectroscopy on deciphering dynamic configuration of electrocatalysts. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6576. [PMID: 37852958 PMCID: PMC10584842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Realizing viable electrocatalytic processes for energy conversion/storage strongly relies on an atomic-level understanding of dynamic configurations on catalyst-electrolyte interface. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has become an indispensable tool to in situ investigate dynamic natures of electrocatalysts but still suffers from limited energy resolution, leading to significant electronic transitions poorly resolved. Herein, we highlight advanced X-ray spectroscopies beyond conventional XAS, with emphasis on their unprecedented capabilities of deciphering key configurations of electrocatalysts. The profound complementarities of X-ray spectroscopies from various aspects are established in a probing energy-dependent "in situ spectroscopy map" for comprehensively understanding the solid-liquid interface. This perspective establishes an indispensable in situ research model for future studies and offers exciting research prospects for scientists and spectroscopists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shuo Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Sing Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.
| | - Nian-Tzu Suen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 225002, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Hao Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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41
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Lim T, Seo J. Face-Dependent Reconstruction of Bi-Oxyiodides toward Selective Growth of (BiO) 2 CO 3 Edge Side to Maximize CO 2 Conversion Efficiency. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300869. [PMID: 37336774 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reconstruction of bismuth oxyiodides using bicarbonates is tried to selectively grow (BiO)2 CO3 edge side. Orthorhombic o-Bi5 O7 I undergoes a total reconstruction process by its phase transformation into tetragonal (BiO)2 CO3 (BOC-o) to form a well-aligned nanosheet array with maximally exposing CO3 2- moiety at the edge side. The post-reconstruction BOC-o catalyst achieved 100 % Faradaic efficiency at -0.86 V vs. RHE for CO2 -to-formate conversion. However, another conservative reconstruction of tetragonal t-BiOI into tetragonal (BiO)2 CO3 (BOC-t) exposed majorly a less reactive [BiO]+ layer. At low overpotential regions, the catalytic cycle of BOC-o begins with the initial conversion of the CO3 2- moiety into formate at the [-OBi-(CO3 )-BiO-] site, but at high overpotential regions, the [BiO]+ layer undergoes reduction to metallic Bi and multi-catalytic species proceed with CO2 reduction. Otherwise, the deactivation of Bi+ site by an organic molecule switched on another catalysis of proton reduction, preventing CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewaen Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Innovative Energy and Carbon Optimized Synthesis for Chemicals (Inn-ECOSysChem), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeok Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Innovative Energy and Carbon Optimized Synthesis for Chemicals (Inn-ECOSysChem), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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42
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Jia Y, Ding Y, Song T, Xu Y, Li Y, Duan L, Li F, Sun L, Fan K. Dynamic Surface Reconstruction of Amphoteric Metal (Zn, Al) Doped Cu 2 O for Efficient Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to C 2+ Products. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303726. [PMID: 37530207 PMCID: PMC10558649 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of the surface reconstruction of the catalysts during electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) is essential for exploring and comprehending active sites. Although the superior performance of Cu-Zn bimetallic sites toward multicarbon C2+ products has been established, the dynamic surface reconstruction has not been fully understood. Herein, Zn-doped Cu2 O nano-octahedrons are used to investigate the effect of the dynamic stability by the leaching and redeposition on CO2RR. Correlative characterizations confirm the Zn leaching from Zn-doped Cu2 O, which is redeposited at the surface of the catalysts, leading to dynamic stability and abundant Cu-Zn bimetallic sites at the surface. The reconstructed Zn-doped Cu2 O catalysts achieve a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of C2+ products (77% at -1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)). Additionally, similar dynamic stability is also discovered in Al-doped Cu2 O for CO2RR, proving its universality in amphoteric metal-doped catalysts. Mechanism analyses reveal that the OHC-CHO pathway can be the C-C coupling processes on bare Cu2 O and Zn-doped Cu2 O, and the introduction of Zn to Cu can efficiently lower the energy barrier for CO2RR to C2 H4 . This research provides profound insight into unraveling surface dynamic reconstruction of amphoteric metal-containing electrocatalysts and can guide rational design of the high-performance electrocatalysts for CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
| | - Yunxuan Ding
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024P. R. China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs InstituteSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
| | - Yaqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
| | - Lele Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs InstituteSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
| | - Licheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024P. R. China
| | - Ke Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsInstitute of Artificial PhotosynthesisDUT‐KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular DevicesInstitute for Energy Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024P. R. China
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Yan T, Chen X, Kumari L, Lin J, Li M, Fan Q, Chi H, Meyer TJ, Zhang S, Ma X. Multiscale CO 2 Electrocatalysis to C 2+ Products: Reaction Mechanisms, Catalyst Design, and Device Fabrication. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10530-10583. [PMID: 37589482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis of value-added chemicals, directly from CO2, could foster achievement of carbon neutral through an alternative electrical approach to the energy-intensive thermochemical industry for carbon utilization. Progress in this area, based on electrogeneration of multicarbon products through CO2 electroreduction, however, lags far behind that for C1 products. Reaction routes are complicated and kinetics are slow with scale up to the high levels required for commercialization, posing significant problems. In this review, we identify and summarize state-of-art progress in multicarbon synthesis with a multiscale perspective and discuss current hurdles to be resolved for multicarbon generation from CO2 reduction including atomistic mechanisms, nanoscale electrocatalysts, microscale electrodes, and macroscale electrolyzers with guidelines for future research. The review ends with a cross-scale perspective that links discrepancies between different approaches with extensions to performance and stability issues that arise from extensions to an industrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Yan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lata Kumari
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianlong Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minglu Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qun Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haoyuan Chi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xinbin Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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44
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Yang M, Li Y, Dong CL, Li S, Xu L, Chen W, Wu J, Lu Y, Pan Y, Wu Y, Luo Y, Huang YC, Wang S, Zou Y. Correlating the Valence State with the Adsorption Behavior of a Cu-Based Electrocatalyst for Furfural Oxidation with Anodic Hydrogen Production Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304203. [PMID: 37354136 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The low-potential furfural oxidation reaction (FFOR) on a Cu-based electrocatalyst can produce H2 at the anode, thereby providing a bipolar H2 production system with an ultralow cell voltage. However, the intrinsic activity and stability of the Cu-based electrocatalyst for the FFOR remain unsatisfactory for practical applications. This study investigates the correlation between the valence state and the adsorption behavior of the Cu-based electrocatalyst in furfural oxidation. Cu0 is the adsorption site with low intrinsic activity. Cu+ , which exists in the form of Cu(OH)ads in alkaline electrolytes, has no adsorption ability but can improve the performance of Cu0 by promoting the adsorption of FF. Moreover, a mixed-valence Cu-based electrocatalyst (MV Cu) with high intrinsic activity and stability is prepared electrochemically. With the MV Cu catalyst, the assembled dual-side H2 production electrolyzer has a low electricity requirement of only 0.24 kWh mH2 -3 at an ultralow cell voltage of 0.3 V, and it exhibits sufficient stability. This study not only correlates the valence state with the adsorption behavior of the Cu-based electrocatalyst for the low-potential FFOR with anodic H2 production but also reveals the mechanism of deactivation to provide design principles for Cu-based electrocatalysts with satisfactory stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Shengkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Leitao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yandong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
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45
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Hou SL, Dong J, Zhao XY, Li XS, Ren FY, Zhao J, Zhao B. Thermocatalytic Conversion of CO 2 to Valuable Products Activated by Noble-Metal-Free Metal-Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305213. [PMID: 37170958 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermocatalysis of CO2 into high valuable products is an efficient and green method for mitigating global warming and other environmental problems, of which Noble-metal-free metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the most promising heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 thermocatalysis, and many excellent researches have been published. Hence, this review focuses on the valuable products obtained from various CO2 conversion reactions catalyzed by noble-metal-free MOFs, such as cyclic carbonates, oxazolidinones, carboxylic acids, N-phenylformamide, methanol, ethanol, and methane. We classified these published references according to the types of products, and analyzed the methods for improving the catalytic efficiency of MOFs in CO2 reaction. The advantages of using noble-metal-free MOF catalysts for CO2 conversion were also discussed along the text. This review concludes with future perspectives on the challenges to be addressed and potential research directions. We believe that this review will be helpful to readers and attract more scientists to join the topic of CO2 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiang-Shuai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fang-Yu Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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46
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Niu W, Chen Z, Guo W, Mao W, Liu Y, Guo Y, Chen J, Huang R, Kang L, Ma Y, Yan Q, Ye J, Cui C, Zhang L, Wang P, Xu X, Zhang B. Pb-rich Cu grain boundary sites for selective CO-to-n-propanol electroconversion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4882. [PMID: 37573371 PMCID: PMC10423280 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical carbon monoxide (CO) reduction to high-energy-density fuels provides a potential way for chemical production and intermittent energy storage. As a valuable C3 species, n-propanol still suffers from a relatively low Faradaic efficiency (FE), sluggish conversion rate and poor stability. Herein, we introduce an "atomic size misfit" strategy to modulate active sites, and report a facile synthesis of a Pb-doped Cu catalyst with numerous atomic Pb-concentrated grain boundaries. Operando spectroscopy studies demonstrate that these Pb-rich Cu-grain boundary sites exhibit stable low coordination and can achieve a stronger CO adsorption for a higher surface CO coverage. Using this Pb-Cu catalyst, we achieve a CO-to-n-propanol FE (FEpropanol) of 47 ± 3% and a half-cell energy conversion efficiency (EE) of 25% in a flow cell. When applied in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) device, a stable FEpropanol above 30% and the corresponding full-cell EE of over 16% are maintained for over 100 h with the n-propanol partial current above 300 mA (5 cm2 electrode). Furthermore, operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and theoretical studies reveal that the structurally-flexible Pb-Cu surface can adaptively stabilize the key intermediates, which strengthens the *CO binding while maintaining the C-C coupling ability, thus promoting the CO-to-n-propanol conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wei Mao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yunna Guo
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jingzhao Chen
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yiwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qisheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jinyu Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chunyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Warkentin H, O'Brien CP, Holowka S, Maxwell B, Awara M, Bouman M, Zeraati AS, Nicholas R, Ip AH, Elsahwi ES, Gabardo CM, Sinton D. Early Warning for the Electrolyzer: Monitoring CO 2 Reduction via In-Line Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202300657. [PMID: 37535892 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) to fuels and feedstocks presents an opportunity to decarbonize the chemical industry, and current electrolyzer performance levels approach commercial viability. However, stability remains below that required, in part because of the challenge of probing these electrolyzer systems in real time and the challenge of determining the root cause of failure. Failure can result from initial conditions (e. g., the over- or under-compression of the electrolyzer), gradual degradation of components (e. g., cathode or anode catalysts), the accumulation of products or by-products, or immediate changes such as the development of a hole in the membrane or a short circuit. Identifying and mitigating these assembly-related, gradual, and immediate failure modes would increase both electrolyzer lifetime and economic viability of CO2 RR. We demonstrate the continuous monitoring of CO2 RR electrolyzers during operation via non-disruptive, real-time electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. Using this technique, we characterise common failure modes - compression, salt formation, and membrane short circuits - and identify electrochemical parameter signatures for each. We further propose a framework to identify, predict, and prevent failures in CO2 RR electrolyzers. This framework allowed for the prediction of anode degradation ~11 hours before other indicators such as selectivity or voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Warkentin
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - Colin P O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - Sarah Holowka
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - Benjamin Maxwell
- Pulsenics Inc., 2 Cedar St, Newark, NJ, 07102, United States of America
| | - Mariam Awara
- Pulsenics Inc., 2 Cedar St, Newark, NJ, 07102, United States of America
| | - Mark Bouman
- Pulsenics Inc., 2 Cedar St, Newark, NJ, 07102, United States of America
| | - Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Rachael Nicholas
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - Alexander H Ip
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - Essam S Elsahwi
- Pulsenics Inc., 2 Cedar St, Newark, NJ, 07102, United States of America
| | - Christine M Gabardo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
- CERT Systems Inc., 406-501 Alliance Ave, Toronto, ON M6 N 2 J1, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8, Canada
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48
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Mardle P, Gangrade A, Saatkamp T, Jiang Z, Cassegrain S, Zhao N, Shi Z, Holdcroft S. Performance and Stability of Aemion and Aemion+ Membranes in Zero-Gap CO 2 Electrolyzers with Mild Anolyte Solutions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202376. [PMID: 36997499 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of performance and stability of a zero-gap CO2 electrolyzer on the properties of the anion exchange membrane (AEM) is examined. This work firstly assesses the influence of the anolyte when using an Aemion membrane and then shows that when using 10 mM KHCO3 , a CO2 electrolyzer using a next-generation Aemion+ membrane can achieve lower cell voltages and longer lifetimes due to increased water permeation. The impact of lower permselectivity of Aemion+ on water transport is also discussed. Using Aemion+, a cell voltage of 3.17 V at 200 mA cm-2 is achieved at room temperature, with a faradaic efficiency of >90 %. Stable CO2 electrolysis at 100 mA cm-2 is demonstrated for 100 h, but with reduced lifetime at 300 mA cm-2 . However, the lifetime of the cell at high current densities is shown to be increased by improving water transport characteristics of the AEM and reducing dimensional swelling, as well as by improving cathode design to reduce localized dehydration of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mardle
- Energy, Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1 W5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5 A 1S6, Canada
| | - Apurva Gangrade
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5 A 1S6, Canada
| | - Torben Saatkamp
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5 A 1S6, Canada
| | - Zhengming Jiang
- Energy, Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1 W5, Canada
| | - Simon Cassegrain
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5 A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nana Zhao
- Energy, Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1 W5, Canada
| | - Zhiqing Shi
- Energy, Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1 W5, Canada
| | - Steven Holdcroft
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5 A 1S6, Canada
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49
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Staerz AF, van Leeuwen M, Priamushko T, Saatkamp T, Endrődi B, Plankensteiner N, Jobbagy M, Pahlavan S, Blom MJW, Janáky C, Cherevko S, Vereecken PM. Effects of Iron Species on Low Temperature CO 2 Electrolyzers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202306503. [PMID: 37466922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion devices are considered key in reducing CO2 emissions and significant efforts are being applied to accelerate device development. Unlike other technologies, low temperature electrolyzers have the ability to directly convert CO2 into a range of value-added chemicals. To make them commercially viable, however, device efficiency and durability must be increased. Although their design is similar to more mature water electrolyzers and fuel cells, new cell concepts and components are needed. Due to the complexity of the system, singular component optimization is common. As a result, the component interplay is often overlooked. The influence of Fe-species clearly shows that the cell must be considered holistically during optimization, to avoid future issues due to component interference or cross-contamination. Fe-impurities are ubiquitous, and their influence on single components is well-researched. The activity of non-noble anodes has been increased through the deliberate addition of iron. At the same time, however, Fe-species accelerate cathode and membrane degradation. Here, we interpret literature on single components to gain an understanding of how Fe-species influence low temperature CO2 electrolyzers holistically. The role of Fe-species serves to highlight the need for considerations regarding component interplay in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F Staerz
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marieke van Leeuwen
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Priamushko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Cauerstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Torben Saatkamp
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Balázs Endrődi
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich sq. 1., 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nina Plankensteiner
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matias Jobbagy
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Sohrab Pahlavan
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martijn J W Blom
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Csaba Janáky
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich sq. 1., 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- eChemicles Zrt., Alsó Kikötő sor 11, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Cauerstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philippe M Vereecken
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Qu J, Cao X, Gao L, Li J, Li L, Xie Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wu M, Liu H. Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Ethylene: From Mechanistic Understanding to Catalyst Surface Engineering. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:178. [PMID: 37433948 PMCID: PMC10336000 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising way to convert CO2 to chemicals. The multicarbon (C2+) products, especially ethylene, are of great interest due to their versatile industrial applications. However, selectively reducing CO2 to ethylene is still challenging as the additional energy required for the C-C coupling step results in large overpotential and many competing products. Nonetheless, mechanistic understanding of the key steps and preferred reaction pathways/conditions, as well as rational design of novel catalysts for ethylene production have been regarded as promising approaches to achieving the highly efficient and selective CO2RR. In this review, we first illustrate the key steps for CO2RR to ethylene (e.g., CO2 adsorption/activation, formation of *CO intermediate, C-C coupling step), offering mechanistic understanding of CO2RR conversion to ethylene. Then the alternative reaction pathways and conditions for the formation of ethylene and competitive products (C1 and other C2+ products) are investigated, guiding the further design and development of preferred conditions for ethylene generation. Engineering strategies of Cu-based catalysts for CO2RR-ethylene are further summarized, and the correlations of reaction mechanism/pathways, engineering strategies and selectivity are elaborated. Finally, major challenges and perspectives in the research area of CO2RR are proposed for future development and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Qu
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjun Cao
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Xie
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Minghong Wu
- Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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