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Iobbi V, Parisi V, Bernabè G, De Tommasi N, Bisio A, Brun P. Anti-Biofilm Activity of Carnosic Acid from Salvia rosmarinus against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3679. [PMID: 37960038 PMCID: PMC10647425 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The Salvia rosmarinus "Eretto Liguria" ecotype was studied as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. LC-MS analysis of the methanolic extract underlined the presence of diterpenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenolic acids, and flavonoids. The anti-virulence activity of carnosic acid along with the other most abundant compounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was evaluated. Only carnosic acid induced a significant reduction in the expression of agrA and rnaIII genes, which encode the key components of quorum sensing (QS), an intracellular signaling mechanism controlling the virulence of MRSA. At a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL, carnosic acid inhibited biofilm formation by MRSA and the expression of genes involved in toxin production and made MRSA more susceptible to intracellular killing, with no toxic effects on eukaryotic cells. Carnosic acid did not affect biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human pathogen that often coexists with MRSA in complex infections. The selected ecotype showed a carnosic acid content of 94.3 ± 4.3 mg/g. In silico analysis highlighted that carnosic acid potentially interacts with the S. aureus AgrA response regulator. Our findings suggest that carnosic acid could be an anti-virulence agent against MRSA infections endowed with a species-specific activity useful in multi-microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Iobbi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.P.); (N.D.T.)
| | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.P.); (N.D.T.)
| | - Angela Bisio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.B.); (P.B.)
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Tan TH, Li SW, Chang CW, Chen YC, Liu YH, Ma JT, Chang CP, Liao PC. Rat Hair Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Perturbations of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis, Phenylalanine, and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Pathways Are Associated with Amyloid-β-Induced Cognitive Deficits. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4373-4395. [PMID: 37095368 PMCID: PMC10293421 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Hair is a noninvasive valuable biospecimen for the long-term assessment of endogenous metabolic disturbance. Whether the hair is suitable for identifying biomarkers of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) process remains unknown. We aim to investigate the metabolism changes in hair after β-amyloid (Aβ1-42) exposure in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted and targeted methods. Thirty-five days after Aβ1-42 induction, rats displayed significant cognitive deficits, and forty metabolites were changed, of which twenty belonged to three perturbed pathways: (1) phenylalanine metabolism and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis-L-phenylalanine, phenylpyruvate, ortho-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and phenyllactic acid are up-regulated; (2) arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolism-leukotriene B4 (LTB4), arachidonyl carnitine, and 5(S)-HPETE are upregulation, but ARA, 14,15-DiHETrE, 5(S)-HETE, and PGB2 are opposite; and (3) unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), FA 18:3 + 1O, and FA 18:3 + 2O are downregulated. Linoleic acid metabolism belonging to the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid includes the upregulation of 8-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic acid, 13-oxoODE, and FA 18:2 + 4O, and downregulation of 9(S)-HPODE and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid. In addition, cortisone and dehydroepiandrosterone belonging to steroid hormone biosynthesis are upregulated. These three perturbed metabolic pathways also correlate with cognitive impairment after Aβ1-42 stimulation. Furthermore, ARA, DHA, EPA, L-phenylalanine, and cortisone have been previously implicated in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients and show a similar changing trend in Aβ1-42 rats' hair. These data suggest hair can be a useful biospecimen that well reflects the expression of non-polar molecules under Aβ1-42 stimulation, and the five metabolites have the potential to serve as novel AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hoe Tan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- Department of Senior Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Nantai St., Yungkang Dist., Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ti Ma
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Zhonghua Rd., Yongkang Dist., Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Zhonghua Rd., Yongkang Dist., Tainan, 710, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Chi Liao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Siqueira CS, Dos Santos VS, Carollo CA, Damasceno-Junior GA. Unraveling the adaptive chemical traits of Rhamnidium elaeocarpum Reissek in response to fire in pantanal wetlands. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11860. [PMID: 37481615 PMCID: PMC10363117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a study on the effects of fire on Rhamnidium elaeocarpum, a widely distributed woody species found in the Pantanal wetlands, using LC-MS metabolomics, total phenolic and tannin content analysis, and thermogravimetric behavior. We sampled individuals from four groups: No Fire, Fire 2019, Fire 2020, and APD 20 (individuals whose aerial parts had died during the 2020 fire event). We found that recent fires had no significant impact on the species' phenolic metabolism except for those in the fourth group. These specimens showed a decline in secondary metabolites due to leaching. The high levels of phenolics in R. elaeocarpum suggest that this species has a biochemical tolerance to the stress caused by seasonal fires. Metabolomic profiling revealed the presence of proanthocyanidin oligomers, which protect against oxidative stress and post-fire environmental disturbances. However, the passage of fire also led to a high incidence of toxic karwinaphthopyranone derivatives, which could be a concern for the species' medicinal use. Finally, the thermogravimetric analysis showed that the species is thermotolerant, with an intrinsic relationship between the secondary compounds and thermotolerance. Our research has deepened the comprehension of how fire affects the metabolic processes of woody plants. The challenge now lies in determining if the identified chemical changes are adaptive characteristics that evolved over time or merely transient responses to external environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Sório Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LAPNEM), Faculdade Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Samúdio Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LAPNEM), Faculdade Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LAPNEM), Faculdade Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Alves Damasceno-Junior
- Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Ganesan R, Gupta H, Jeong JJ, Sharma SP, Won SM, Oh KK, Yoon SJ, Kim DJ, Suk KT. A metabolomics approach to the validation of predictive metabolites and phenotypic expression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Life Sci 2023; 322:121626. [PMID: 37003543 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more common and severe. Individuals with NAFLD have an altered composition of gut- microbial metabolites. We used metabolomics profiling to identify microbial metabolites that could indicate gut-liver metabolic severity. Noninvasive biomarkers are required for NAFLD, especially for patients at high risk of disease progression. MAIN METHODS We compared the stool metabolomes, untargeted metabolomics, and clinical data of 80 patients. Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL: n = 16), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH: n = 26), and cirrhosis (n = 19) and healthy control individuals (HC: n = 19) were enrolled. The identified metabolites in NAFLD were evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis and metabolic pathotypic expression. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) were used to analyze metabolites. KEY FINDINGS Untargeted metabolomics was used to identify and quantify 103 metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the metabolic discrimination of NAFL, NASH, and cirrhosis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels were significantly lower in NAFLD patients, including those of acetate (p = 0.03), butyrate (p = 0.0008), and propionate. The stool cholic acid (p = 0.001) level was significantly increased in NAFLD patients. Palmitoylcarnitine and l-carnitine levels were significantly increased in NASH and cirrhosis patients. The phenotypic expression of these metabolites was linked to β-oxidation. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrated a distinct metabolome profile in NAFLD patients with NAFL, NASH, and cirrhosis. We also discovered that the expression of certain metabolites and metabolic pathways was linked to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haripriya Gupta
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Jeong
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Satya Priya Sharma
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Won
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Kwang Oh
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Antiproliferative Fatty Acids Isolated from the Polypore Fungus Onnia tomentosa. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8111163. [DOI: 10.3390/jof8111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Onnia tomentosa is a widespread root rot pathogen frequently found in coniferous forests in North America. In this study, the potential medicinal properties of this wild polypore mushroom collected from north–central British Columbia, Canada, were investigated. The ethanol extract from O. tomentosa was found to exhibit strong antiproliferative activity. Liquid–liquid extraction and bioactivity-guided fractionation, together with HPLC-MS/MS and 1D/2D NMR analyses of the ethanol extract of O. tomentosa, led to the identification of eight known linoleic oxygenated fatty acids (1.1–1.4 and 2–5), together with linoleic (6) and oleic acids (7). The autoxidation of linoleic acid upon isolation from a natural source and compound 5 as an autoxidation product of linoleic acid are reported here for the first time. GC-FID analysis of O. tomentosa, Fomitopsis officinalis, Echinodontium tinctorium, and Albatrellus flettii revealed linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids as the major fatty acids. This study further showed that fatty acids were the major antiproliferative constituents in the ethanol extract from O. tomentosa. Linoleic acid and oleic acid had IC50 values of 50.3 and 90.4 µM against human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), respectively. The results from this study have implications regarding the future exploration of O. tomentosa as a possible edible and/or medicinal mushroom. It is also recommended that necessary caution be taken when isolating unstable fatty acids from natural sources and in interpreting the results.
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Szychowski KA, Skóra B, Tabęcka-Łonczyńska A. Calcium channel antagonists interfere with the mechanism of action of elastin-derived peptide VGVAPG in mouse cortical astrocytes in vitro. Neurochem Int 2022; 159:105405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu R, Bao ZX, Li GH, Li CQ, Wang SL, Pan XR, Zhang KQ, Zhao PJ. Identification of Nematicidal Metabolites from Purpureocillium lavendulum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071343. [PMID: 35889062 PMCID: PMC9325011 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpureocillium lavendulum is a fungus with promising biocontrol applications. Here, transcriptome data acquired during the infection of Caenorhabditis elegans by Purpureocillium lavendulum showed that the transcription of metabolite synthesis genes was significantly up-regulated after 24 and 48 h of the fungus-nematode interaction. Then, the up-regulated transcription level of lipoxygenase was confirmed by RT-qPCR. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis of differential metabolites revealed that this interaction resulted in the emergence of new metabolites or enhanced the production of metabolites. The results of the UPLC-MS analysis and the nematicidal assay were used to establish optimal culturing conditions under which 12 metabolites, including 3 hydroxylated C18 fatty acids and 9 steroids, were isolated and identified. Among them, hydroxylated fatty acids showed pronounced nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita, and two degradative sterols showed chemotaxis activity to M. incognita. This study lays a foundation for the function of lipoxygenase and its products during the infection of Purpureocillium lavendulum.
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Comprehensive profiling of conjugated fatty acid isomers and their lipid oxidation products by two-dimensional chiral RP×RP liquid chromatography hyphenated to UV- and SWATH-MS-detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Metabolomic Identification of Serum Exosome-Derived Biomarkers for Bipolar Disorder. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5717445. [PMID: 35047107 PMCID: PMC8763519 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5717445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that play important roles in various physiological and pathological functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that exosome-derived contents are promising biomarkers to inform the pathogenesis and diagnosis of major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Methods We used ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze the differentially expressed metabolites in serum exosomes of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and evaluated the potential of exosomal metabolites as biomarkers for BD. Results Our results showed 26 differentially expressed serum exosomal metabolites in patients with BD (n = 32) when compared with healthy control (HC) subjects (n = 40), and these differentially expressed metabolites were enriched in pathways related to sugar metabolism. We then utilized random forest classifier and identified 15 exosomal metabolites that can be used to classify samples from patients with BD and HC subjects with 0.838 accuracy (95% CI, 0.604–1.00) in the training set of participants. These 15 metabolites showed excellent performance in differentiating between patients with BD and HC subjects in the testing set of participants, with 0.971 accuracy (95% CI, 0.865–1.00). Importantly, the 15 exosomal metabolites also showed good to excellent performance in differentiating between BD patients and other major psychiatric diseases (major depressive disorder and schizophrenia). Conclusion Collectively, our findings for the first time revealed a potential role of exosomal metabolite dysregulations in the onset and/or development of BD and suggested that blood exosomal metabolites are strong candidates to inform the diagnosis of BD.
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Identification of Non-Volatile Compounds That Impact Flavor Disliking of Whole Wheat Bread Made with Aged Flours. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041331. [PMID: 35209115 PMCID: PMC8876722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Whole wheat flour has a shorter shelf life than refined wheat flour due to off-flavor development. An untargeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) flavoromics approach was applied to identify compounds that negatively impact the flavor liking in whole wheat bread made from aged flours. The chemical profiles of thirteen breads made from aged flours were obtained using LC/MS and modeled by orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) to predict flavor liking. Top predictive chemical features (negatively correlated) were identified as pinellic acid (9S,12S,13S-trihydroxy-10E-octadecenoic acid), 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid, and 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. The sensory analysis confirmed the three compounds increased the bitterness intensity of the bread samples. The formation of the trihydroxy fatty acid bitter compound, pinellic acid (9S,12S,13S-trihydroxy-10E-octadecenoic acid), was impacted by the lipoxygenase activity of the flour; however, there was no influence on the formation of 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid or 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. Additionally, the concentrations of all bitter compounds were significantly higher in bread made from aged flour versus non-aged flour.
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Zhu K, Browne RW, Blair RH, Bonner MR, Tian M, Niu Z, Deng F, Farhat Z, Mu L. Changes in arachidonic acid (AA)- and linoleic acid (LA)-derived hydroxy metabolites and their interplay with inflammatory biomarkers in response to drastic changes in air pollution exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111401. [PMID: 34089746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Untargeted metabolomics analyses have indicated that fatty acids and their hydroxy derivatives may be important metabolites in the mechanism through which air pollution potentiates diseases. This study aimed to use targeted analysis to investigate how metabolites in arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) pathways respond to short-term changes in air pollution exposure. We further explored how they might interact with markers of antioxidant enzymes and systemic inflammation. METHODS This study included a subset of participants (n = 53) from the Beijing Olympics Air Pollution (BoaP) study in which blood samples were collected before, during, and after the Beijing Olympics. Hydroxy fatty acids were measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Native total fatty acids were measured as fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using gas chromatography. A set of chemokines were measured by ELISA-based chemiluminescent assay and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed by kinetic enzyme assays. Changes in levels of metabolites over the three time points were examined using linear mixed-effects models, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. Pearson correlation and repeated measures correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the relationships of metabolites with levels of serum chemokines and antioxidant enzymes. RESULTS 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) decreased by 50.5% (95% CI: -66.5, -34.5; p < 0.0001) when air pollution dropped during the Olympics and increased by 119.4% (95% CI: 36.4, 202.3; p < 0.0001) when air pollution returned to high levels after the Olympics. In contrast, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) elevated significantly (p = 0.023) during the Olympics and decreased nonsignificantly after the games (p = 0.104). Interleukin 8 (IL-8) correlated with 12-HETE (r = 0.399, BH-adjusted p = 0.004) and 13-HODE (r = 0.342, BH-adjusted p = 0.014) over the three points; it presented a positive and moderate correlation with 12-HETE during the Olympics (r = 0.583, BH-adjusted p = 0.002) and with 13-HODE before the Olympics (r = 0.543, BH-adjusted p = 0.008). CONCLUSION AA- and LA-derived hydroxy metabolites are associated with air pollution and might interact with systemic inflammation in response to air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rachael Hageman Blair
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mingmei Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeinab Farhat
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lina Mu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Intestinal and Hepatic Uptake of Dietary Peroxidized Lipids and Their Decomposition Products, and Their Subsequent Effects on Apolipoprotein A1 and Paraoxonase1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081258. [PMID: 34439506 PMCID: PMC8389297 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both pro- and antiatherosclerotic effects have been ascribed to dietary peroxidized lipids. Confusion on the role of peroxidized lipids in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is punctuated by a lack of understanding regarding the metabolic fate and potential physiological effects of dietary peroxidized lipids and their decomposition products. This study sought to determine the metabolic fate and physiological ramifications of 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE) and 13-HODE (13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid) supplementation in intestinal and hepatic cell lines, as well as any effects resulting from 13-HPODE or 13-HODE degradation products. In the presence of Caco-2 cells, 13-HPODE was rapidly reduced to 13-HODE. Upon entering the cell, 13-HODE appears to undergo decomposition, followed by esterification. Moreover, 13-HPODE undergoes autodecomposition to produce aldehydes such as 9-oxononanoic acid (9-ONA). Results indicate that 9-ONA was oxidized to azelaic acid (AzA) rapidly in cell culture media, but AzA was poorly absorbed by intestinal cells and remained detectable in cell culture media for up to 18 h. An increased apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) secretion was observed in Caco-2 cells in the presence of 13-HPODE, 9-ONA, and AzA, whereas such induction was not observed in HepG2 cells. However, 13-HPODE treatments suppressed paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, suggesting the induction of ApoA1 secretion by 13-HPODE may not represent functional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) capable of reducing oxidative stress. Alternatively, AzA induced both ApoA1 secretion and PON1 activity while suppressing ApoB secretion in differentiated Caco-2 cells but not in HepG2. These results suggest oxidation of 9-ONA to AzA might be an important phenomenon, resulting in the accumulation of potentially beneficial dietary peroxidized lipid-derived aldehydes.
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Zhang Z, Emami S, Hennebelle M, Morgan RK, Lerno LA, Slupsky CM, Lein PJ, Taha AY. Linoleic acid-derived 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid is absorbed and incorporated into rat tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158870. [PMID: 33340768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LNA)-derived 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) is a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates multiple signaling processes in vivo. 13-HODE is also produced when LNA is oxidized during food processing. However, the absorption and incorporation kinetics of dietary 13-HODE into tissues is not known. The present study measured unesterified d4-13-HODE plasma bioavailability and incorporation into rat liver, adipose, heart and brain following gavage or intravenous (IV) injection (n = 3 per group). Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that d4-13-HODE was absorbed within 20 min of gavage, and continued to incorporate into plasma esterified lipid fractions throughout the 90 min monitoring period (incorporation half-life of 71 min). Following IV injection, unesterified d4-13-HODE was rapidly eliminated from plasma with a half-life of 1 min. Analysis of tracer incorporation kinetics into rat tissues following IV injection or gavage revealed that the esterified tracer preferentially incorporated into liver, adipose and heart compared to unesterified d4-13-HODE. No tracer was detected in the brain. This study demonstrates that dietary 13-HODE is absorbed, and incorporated into peripheral tissues from esterified plasma lipid pools. Understanding the chronic effects of dietary 13-HODE exposure on peripheral tissue physiology and metabolism merits future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shiva Emami
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marie Hennebelle
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rhianna K Morgan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Larry A Lerno
- Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ameer Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Nadeem M, Mumtaz MW, Danish M, Rashid U, Mukhtar H, Irfan A, Anwar F, Saari N. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS metabolites profiling and antioxidant/antidiabetic attributes of Cuscuta reflexa grown on Casearia tomentosa: exploring phytochemicals role via molecular docking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1764578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Danish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farooq Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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15
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Kim-Campbell N, Gretchen C, Ritov VB, Kochanek PM, Balasubramani GK, Kenny E, Sharma M, Viegas M, Callaway C, Kagan VE, Bayir H. Bioactive Oxylipins in Infants and Children With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2020; 21:33-41. [PMID: 31305328 PMCID: PMC7388063 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the production of 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery, evaluate their relationship with increase in cell-free plasma hemoglobin, provide evidence of bioactivity through markers of inflammation and vasoactivity (WBC count, milrinone use, vasoactive-inotropic score), and examine their association with overall clinical burden (ICU/hospital length of stay and mechanical ventilation duration). DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Twelve-bed cardiac ICU in a university-affiliated children's hospital. PATIENTS Children were prospectively enrolled during their preoperative clinic appointments with the following criteria: greater than 1 month to less than 18 years old, procedures requiring cardiopulmonary bypass INTERVENTIONS:: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma was collected at the start and end of cardiopulmonary bypass in 34 patients. 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, plasma hemoglobin, and WBC increased. 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid at the start of cardiopulmonary bypass was associated with vasoactive-inotropic score at 2-24 hours postcardiopulmonary bypass (R = 0.25; p < 0.01), milrinone use (R = 0.17; p < 0.05), and WBC (R = 0.12; p < 0.05). 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass was associated with vasoactive-inotropic score at 2-24 hours (R = 0.17; p < 0.05), 24-48 hours postcardiopulmonary bypass (R = 0.12; p < 0.05), and milrinone use (R = 0.19; p < 0.05). 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid at the start and end of cardiopulmonary bypass were associated with the changes in plasma hemoglobin (R = 0.21 and R = 0.23; p < 0.01). The changes in plasma hemoglobin was associated with milrinone use (R = 0.36; p < 0.001) and vasoactive-inotropic score less than 2 hours (R = 0.22; p < 0.01), 2-24 hours (R = 0.24; p < 0.01), and 24-48 hours (R = 0.48; p < 0.001) postcardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiopulmonary bypass duration, 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid at start of cardiopulmonary bypass, and plasma hemoglobin may be risk factors for high vasoactive-inotropic score. Cardiopulmonary bypass duration, changes in plasma hemoglobin, 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and vasoactive-inotropic score correlate with ICU and hospital length of stay and/mechanical ventilation days. CONCLUSIONS In low-risk pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, 9:13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid was associated with changes in plasma hemoglobin, vasoactive-inotropic score, and WBC count, and may be a risk factor for high vasoactive-inotropic score, indicating possible inflammatory and vasoactive effects. Further studies are warranted to delineate the role of hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids and plasma hemoglobin in cardiopulmonary bypass-related dysfunction and to explore hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid production as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahmah Kim-Campbell
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Catherine Gretchen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Vladimir B Ritov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Patrick M. Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Elizabeth Kenny
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mahesh Sharma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Melita Viegas
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Clifton Callaway
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Valerian E. Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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16
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Singh NK, Rao GN. Emerging role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in human pathologies. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 73:28-45. [PMID: 30472260 PMCID: PMC6338518 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) is an enzyme, which oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-6 and -3 fatty acids, to generate a number of bioactive lipid metabolites. A large number of studies have revealed the importance of 12/15-LOX role in oxidative and inflammatory responses. The in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of 12/15-LOX metabolites in the expression of various genes and production of cytokine related to inflammation and resolution of inflammation. The studies with the use of knockout and transgenic animals for 12/15-LOX have further shown its involvement in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases, including cardiovascular, renal, neurological and metabolic disorders. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of 12/15-LOX in inflammation and various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhlesh K Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas Street Memphis, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 71 S. Manassas Street Memphis, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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17
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Liang Y, Yan GY, Wu JL, Zong X, Liu Z, Zhou H, Liu L, Li N. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipo-alkaloids and fatty acids in Aconitum carmichaelii using LC-MS and GC-MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:398-405. [PMID: 29603449 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipo-alkaloid (LA) is a kind of C19 -norditerpenoid alkaloid in Aconitum species, which usually contains an aconitane skeleton and one or two fatty acid residues. OBJECTIVE To qualify and quantify the fatty acids and lipo-alkaloids in Aconitum carmichaelii. METHODOLOGY An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS) method was established to quantify LAs, while the free fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). RESULTS Six major LAs (1-6) containing linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acid residues as side chains were quantified. Eighteen fatty acids were determined by GC-MS, and 15 were detected as the side chains of LAs. The LAs containing these 15 fatty acid residues accounted for about a third of the total identified LAs. Moreover, the contents of linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids were highest. In addition, 12 oxygenated fatty acids were also identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS for the first time. CONCLUSION The positive correlation between free fatty acids and LAs in A. carmichaelii indicated that the types and contents of LAs were influenced by free fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Guan-Yu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Xingxing Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
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18
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Gardinassi LG, Arévalo-Herrera M, Herrera S, Cordy RJ, Tran V, Smith MR, Johnson MS, Chacko B, Liu KH, Darley-Usmar VM, Go YM, Jones DP, Galinski MR, Li S. Integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics signatures of clinical tolerance to Plasmodium vivax reveal activation of innate cell immunity and T cell signaling. Redox Biol 2018; 17:158-170. [PMID: 29698924 PMCID: PMC6007173 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost invariably, humans become ill during primary infections with malaria parasites which is a pathology associated with oxidative stress and perturbations in metabolism. Importantly, repetitive exposure to Plasmodium results in asymptomatic infections, which is a condition defined as clinical tolerance. Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics data provides a powerful way to investigate complex disease processes involving oxidative stress, energy metabolism and immune cell activation. We used metabolomics and transcriptomics to investigate the different clinical outcomes in a P. vivax controlled human malaria infection trial. At baseline, the naïve and semi-immune subjects differed in the expression of interferon related genes, neutrophil and B cell signatures that progressed with distinct kinetics after infection. Metabolomics data indicated differences in amino acid pathways and lipid metabolism between the two groups. Top pathways during the course of infection included methionine and cysteine metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and urea cycle. There is also evidence for the activation of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and non-specific lipid peroxidation products in the semi-immune group. The integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed concerted molecular events triggered by the infection, notably involving platelet activation, innate immunity and T cell signaling. Additional experiment confirmed that the metabolites associated with platelet activation genes were indeed enriched in the platelet metabolome. Plasmodium vivax infection induces significant change in blood metabolomics. Naïve and semi-immune subjects exhibit different molecular profiles. Network integration of metabolites/genes hinges on innate activation, chemokines and T cell signaling. Involvement of platelet activation is confirmed by platelet metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G Gardinassi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | - Myriam Arévalo-Herrera
- Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center (MVDC), Cali, Colombia; Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Sócrates Herrera
- Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center (MVDC), Cali, Colombia; Caucaseco Scientific Research Center, Cali, Colombia
| | - Regina J Cordy
- International Center for Malaria Research, Education and Development, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - ViLinh Tran
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | - Matthew R Smith
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | - Michelle S Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Balu Chacko
- Department of Pathology and Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ken H Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology and Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | | | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA
| | - Mary R Galinski
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA; International Center for Malaria Research, Education and Development, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shuzhao Li
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322-1047, USA.
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Significant Improvement Selected Mediators of Inflammation in Phenotypes of Women with PCOS after Reduction and Low GI Diet. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5489523. [PMID: 28655971 PMCID: PMC5474536 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5489523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Many researchers suggest an increased risk of atherosclerosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. In the available literature, there are no studies on the mediators of inflammation in women with PCOS, especially after dietary intervention. Eicosanoids (HETE and HODE) were compared between the biochemical phenotypes of women with PCOS (normal and high androgens) and after the 3-month reduction diet. Eicosanoid profiles (9(S)-HODE, 13(S)-HODE, 5(S)-HETE, 12(S)-HETE, 15(S)-HETE, 5(S)-oxoETE, 16(R)-HETE, 16(S)-HETE and 5(S), 6(R)-lipoxin A4, 5(S), 6(R), 15(R)-lipoxin A4) were extracted from 0.5 ml of plasma using solid-phase extraction RP-18 SPE columns. The HPLC separations were performed on a 1260 liquid chromatograph. No significant differences were found in the concentration of analysed eicosanoids in phenotypes of women with PCOS. These women, however, have significantly lower concentration of inflammatory mediators than potentially healthy women from the control group. Dietary intervention leads to a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators, reaching similar levels as in the control group. The development of inflammatory reaction in both phenotypes of women with PCOS is similar. The pathways for synthesis of proinflammatory mediators in women with PCOS are dormant, but can be stimulated through a reduction diet. Three-month period of lifestyle change may be too short to stimulate the pathways inhibiting inflammatory process.
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20
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Lu S, Han Y, Chu H, Kong L, Zhang A, Yan G, Sun H, Wang P, Wang X. Characterizing serum metabolic alterations of Alzheimer's disease and intervention of Shengmai-San by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Food Funct 2017; 8:1660-1671. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00154a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics approach describing the nervous protective mechanism of Shengmai-San (SMS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Lu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Ying Han
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Hang Chu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Ling Kong
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Guangli Yan
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Hui Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Ping Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine
- Harbin
- China
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21
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Fu X, Felcyn JR, Odem-Davis K, Zimring JC. Bioactive lipids accumulate in stored red blood cells despite leukoreduction: a targeted metabolomics study. Transfusion 2016; 56:2560-2570. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Fu
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology; University of Washington
| | | | | | - James C. Zimring
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology; University of Washington
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle Washington
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22
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Sanaki T, Inaba Y, Fujiwara T, Yoshioka T, Matsushima K, Minagawa K, Higashino K, Nakano T, Numata Y. A hybrid strategy using global analysis of oxidized fatty acids and bioconversion by Bacillus circulans. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:751-762. [PMID: 26864527 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Targeted oxidized fatty acid analysis has been widely used to understand the roles of fatty acids in the development of diseases. However, because of the extensive structural diversity of fatty acids, it is considered that unknown lipid metabolites will remain undetected. Here, to discover and identify unknown lipid metabolites in biological samples, a global analytical system and a method of synthesizing lipid standards were investigated. METHODS Oxidized fatty acids in mouse lung tissues were extracted using mixed-mode spin columns. Separation was achieved via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometric (MS) analysis was conducted in full scan mode using a Q Exactive Plus instrument equipped with an electrospray ionization probe, and structure analysis was carried out by high-resolution data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry (dd-MS(2)). In addition, lipid standards, which are not commercially available, were synthesized by bioconversion using Bacillus circulans. RESULTS Oxidized fatty acids in mouse lung tissues were analyzed by high-resolution accurate-mass analysis, and multiple unknown molecules were discovered and tentatively identified using high-resolution dd-MS(2). Among these molecules, 21-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (21-HDoHE) and 22-HDoHE, which are not commercially available, were synthesized by bioconversion. By comparing the exact masses, retention times, and characteristic fragment ions of the synthesized standards, 21-HDoHE and 22-HDoHE were definitively identified in the mouse lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our strategy of global analysis and bioconversion can be used for the discovery and identification of unknown lipid molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Sanaki
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoko Inaba
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takuji Fujiwara
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshioka
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsushima
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Minagawa
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kenichi Higashino
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Toru Nakano
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshito Numata
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
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Geng P, Harnly JM, Chen P. Differentiation of Whole Grain from Refined Wheat (T. aestivum) Flour Using Lipid Profile of Wheat Bran, Germ, and Endosperm with UHPLC-HRAM Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6189-6211. [PMID: 26083013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis of wheat lipids from milling fractions of bran, germ, and endosperm was performed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution accurate-mass multistage mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRAM-MS(n)) with electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) in both positive and negative modes. About 155 lipid compounds, including free fatty acids (FA), oxylipins, alk(en)ylresorcinols (ARs), γ-oryzanol, sphingolipids, triglycerides (TGs), diglycerides (DGs), phospholipids, and galactolipids were characterized from the three milling fractions. Galactolipids and phospholipids were proposed to be potential discriminatory compounds for refined flour, whereas γ-oryzanols, ARs, TGs, and DGs could distinguish whole wheat flour from a refined one based on principal component analysis (PCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Geng
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - James M Harnly
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
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24
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Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids: Oxidised derivatives of linoleic acid and their role in inflammation associated with metabolic syndrome and cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 785:70-76. [PMID: 25987423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) is a major constituent of low-density lipoproteins. An essential fatty acid, LA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is oxidised by endogenous enzymes and reactive oxygen species in the circulation. Increased levels of low-density lipoproteins coupled with oxidative stress and lack of antioxidants drive the oxidative processes. This results in synthesis of a range of oxidised derivatives, which play a vital role in regulation of inflammatory processes. The derivatives of LA include, hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids, oxo-octadecadienoic acids, epoxy octadecadecenoic acid and epoxy-keto-octadecenoic acids. In this review, we examine the role of LA derivatives and their actions on regulation of inflammation relevant to metabolic processes associated with atherogenesis and cancer. The processes affected by LA derivatives include, alteration of airway smooth muscles and vascular wall, affecting sensitivity to pain, and regulating endogenous steroid hormones associated with metabolic syndrome. LA derivatives alter cell adhesion molecules, this initial step, is pivotal in regulating inflammatory processes involving transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways, thus, leading to alteration of metabolic processes. The derivatives are known to elicit pleiotropic effects that are either beneficial or detrimental in nature hence making it difficult to determine the exact role of these derivatives in the progress of an assumed target disorder. The key may lie in understanding the role of these derivatives at various stages of development of a disorder. Novel pharmacological approaches in altering the synthesis or introduction of synthesised LA derivatives could possibly help drive processes that could regulate inflammation in a beneficial manner. Chemical Compounds: Linoleic acid (PubChem CID: 5280450), 9- hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (PubChem CID: 5312830), 13- hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (PubChem CID: 6443013), 9-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (PubChem CID: 3083831), 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acid (PubChem CID: 4163990), 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoate (PubChem CID: 5283018), 12,13-epoxy-9-keto-10- trans -octadecenoic acid (PubChem CID: 53394018), Pioglitazone (PubChem CID: 4829).
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Liu JJ, Green P, John Mann J, Rapoport SI, Sublette ME. Pathways of polyunsaturated fatty acid utilization: implications for brain function in neuropsychiatric health and disease. Brain Res 2015; 1597:220-46. [PMID: 25498862 PMCID: PMC4339314 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have profound effects on brain development and function. Abnormalities of PUFA status have been implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases such as major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pathophysiologic mechanisms could involve not only suboptimal PUFA intake, but also metabolic and genetic abnormalities, defective hepatic metabolism, and problems with diffusion and transport. This article provides an overview of physiologic factors regulating PUFA utilization, highlighting their relevance to neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne J Liu
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Pnina Green
- Laboratory of Metabolic Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stanley I Rapoport
- Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Sublette
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Mattmiller SA, Carlson BA, Sordillo LM. Regulation of inflammation by selenium and selenoproteins: impact on eicosanoid biosynthesis. J Nutr Sci 2013; 2:e28. [PMID: 25191577 PMCID: PMC4153324 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2013.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is a contributing factor to many leading causes of human morbidity and mortality including atherosclerosis, cancer and diabetes. Se is an essential nutrient in the mammalian diet that has some anti-inflammatory properties and, at sufficient amounts in the diet, has been shown to be protective in various inflammatory-based disease models. More recently, Se has been shown to alter the expression of eicosanoids that orchestrate the initiation, magnitude and resolution of inflammation. Many of the health benefits of Se are thought to be due to antioxidant and redox-regulating properties of certain selenoproteins. The present review will discuss the existing evidence that supports the concept that optimal Se intake can mitigate dysfunctional inflammatory responses, in part, through the regulation of eicosanoid metabolism. The ability of selenoproteins to alter the biosynthesis of eicosanoids by reducing oxidative stress and/or by modifying redox-regulated signalling pathways also will be discussed. Based on the current literature, however, it is clear that more research is necessary to uncover the specific beneficial mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory properties of selenoproteins and other Se metabolites, especially as related to eicosanoid biosynthesis. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in Se-mediated regulation of host inflammatory responses may lead to the development of dietary intervention strategies that take optimal advantage of its biological potency.
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Key Words
- 15-HETE, 15(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoic acid
- 15-HPETE, 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- 15d-PGJ2, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14PGJ2
- AA, arachidonic acid
- ASK-1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
- COX, cyclo-oxygenase
- Eicosanoid biosynthesis
- FAHP, fatty acid hydroperoxide
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GPx4, glutathione peroxidase-4
- H-PGDS, haematopoietic PGD2 synthase
- HO-1, haeme oxygenase-1
- HPETE, hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- HPODE, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid
- Inflammation
- LA, linoleic acid
- LOX, lipoxygenase
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- LT, leukotriene
- LTA4H, leukotriene A4 hydrolase
- MAPK, itogen-activated protein kinase
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Selenium
- Selenoproteins
- Sepp1, selenoprotein P plasma 1
- TX, thromboxane
- TXB2, thromboxane B2
- Trx, thioredoxin
- TrxR, thioredoxin reductase
- ppm, parts per million
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Mattmiller
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI 48824,
USA
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Section on the Molecular Biology of Selenium,
Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - L. M. Sordillo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI 48824,
USA
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