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Descamps A, Arnoux P, Frochot C, Barbault F, Deschamp J, Monteil M, Migianu-Griffoni E, Legigan T, Lecouvey M. Synthesis and preliminary anticancer evaluation of photo-responsive prodrugs of hydroxymethylene bisphosphonate alendronate. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116307. [PMID: 38460269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The antitumoral activity of hydroxymethylene bisphosphonates (HMBP) such as alendronate or zoledronate is hampered by their exceptional bone-binding properties and their short plasmatic half-life which preclude their accumulation in non-skeletal tumors. In this context, the use of lipophilic prodrugs represents a simple and straightforward strategy to enhance the biodistribution of bisphosphonates in these tissues. We describe in this article the synthesis of light-responsive prodrugs of HMBP alendronate. These prodrugs include lipophilic photo-removable nitroveratryl groups which partially mask the highly polar alendronate HMBP scaffold. Photo-responsive prodrugs of alendronate are stable in physiological conditions and display reduced toxicity compared to alendronate against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. However, the antiproliferative effect of these prodrugs is efficiently restored after cleavage of their nitroveratryl groups upon exposure to UV light. In addition, substitution of alendronate with such photo-responsive substituents drastically reduces its bone-binding properties, thereby potentially improving its biodistribution in soft tissues after i.v. administration. The development of such lipophilic photo-responsive prodrugs is a promising approach to fully exploit the anticancer effect of HMBPs on non-skeletal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Descamps
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Julia Deschamp
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Maelle Monteil
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Evelyne Migianu-Griffoni
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Thibaut Legigan
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France.
| | - Marc Lecouvey
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Department of Chemistry, UMR-CNRS, 7244, 1 Rue de Chablis, F-93000, Bobigny, France.
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2
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Rastogi SK, Ciliberto VC, Trevino MZ, Campbell BA, Brittain WJ. Green Approach Toward Triazole Forming Reactions for Developing Anticancer Drugs. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:380-420. [PMID: 37157212 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230508125144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Compounds containing triazole have many significant applications in the dye and ink industry, corrosion inhibitors, polymers, and pharmaceutical industries. These compounds possess many antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, anti-HIV, antitubercular, and anticancer activities. Several synthetic methods have been reported for reducing time, minimizing synthetic steps, and utilizing less hazardous and toxic solvents and reagents to improve the yield of triazoles and their analogues synthesis. Among the improvement in methods, green approaches towards triazole forming biologically active compounds, especially anticancer compounds, would be very important for pharmaceutical industries as well as global research community. In this article, we have reviewed the last five years of green chemistry approaches on click reaction between alkyl azide and alkynes to install 1,2,3-triazole moiety in natural products and synthetic drug-like molecules, such as in colchicine, flavanone cardanol, bisphosphonates, thiabendazoles, piperazine, prostanoid, flavonoid, quinoxalines, C-azanucleoside, dibenzylamine, and aryl-azotriazole. The cytotoxicity of triazole hybrid analogues was evaluated against a panel of cancer cell lines, including multidrug-resistant cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva K Rastogi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Veronica C Ciliberto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Monica Z Trevino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Brooke A Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - William J Brittain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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3
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Nguyen THV, Yekwa E, Selisko B, Canard B, Alvarez K, Ferron F. Inhibition of Arenaviridae nucleoprotein exonuclease by bisphosphonate. IUCRJ 2022; 9:468-479. [PMID: 35844481 PMCID: PMC9252148 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252522005061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arenaviruses are emerging enveloped negative-sense RNA viruses that cause neurological and hemorrhagic diseases in humans. Currently, no FDA-approved vaccine or therapeutic agent is available except for ribavirin, which must be administered early during infection for optimum efficacy. A hallmark of arenavirus infection is rapid and efficient immune suppression mediated by the exonuclease domain encoded by the nucleoprotein. This exonuclease is therefore an attractive target for the design of novel antiviral drugs since exonuclease inhibitors might not only have a direct effect on the enzyme but could also boost viral clearance through stimulation of the innate immune system of the host cell. Here, in silico screening and an enzymatic assay were used to identify a novel, specific but weak inhibitor of the arenavirus exonuclease, with IC50 values of 65.9 and 68.6 µM for Mopeia virus and Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, respectively. This finding was further characterized using crystallographic and docking approaches. This study serves as a proof of concept and may have assigned a new therapeutic purpose for the bisphosphonate family, therefore paving the way for the development of inhibitors against Arenaviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hong Van Nguyen
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Elsie Yekwa
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Barbara Selisko
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Canard
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Karine Alvarez
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - François Ferron
- Aix-Marseille Université and Laboratoire Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS – UMR-7257, 13288 Marseille, France
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
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4
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Lo Presti E, D’Orsi L, De Gaetano A. A Mathematical Model of In Vitro Cellular Uptake of Zoledronic Acid and Isopentenyl Pyrophosphate Accumulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061262. [PMID: 35745834 PMCID: PMC9227399 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway is an attractive target for many areas of research, such as autoimmune disorders, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Indeed, manipulating this pathway results in the alteration of malignant cell growth with promising therapeutic potential. There are several pharmacological options to block the mevalonate pathway in cancer cells, one of which is zoledronic acid (ZA) (an N-bisphosphonate (N-BP)), which inhibits the farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase enzyme, inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of protein prenylation, and cholesterol reduction, as well as leading to the accumulation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP). We extrapolated the data based on two independently published papers that provide numerical data on the uptake of zoledronic acid (ZA) and the accumulation of IPP (Ag) and its isomer over time by using in vitro human cell line models. Two different mathematical models for IPP kinetics are proposed. The first model (Model 1) is a simpler ordinary differential equation (ODE) compartmental system composed of 3 equations with 10 parameters; the second model (Model 2) is a differential algebraic equation (DAE) system with 4 differential equations, 1 algebraic equation and 13 parameters incorporating the formation of the ZA+enzyme+Ag complex. Each of the two models aims to describe two different experimental situations (continuous and pulse experiments) with the same ZA kinetics. Both models fit the collected data very well. With Model 1, we obtained a prevision accumulation of IPP after 24 h of 169.6 pmol/mgprot/h with an IPP decreasing rate per (pmol/mgprot) of ZA (kXGZ) equal to 13.24/h. With Model 2, we have comprehensive kinetics of IPP upon ZA treatment. We calculate that the IPP concentration was equal to 141.6 pmol/mgprot/h with a decreasing rate/percentage of 0.051 (kXGU). The present study is the first to quantify the influence of ZA on the pharmacodynamics of IPP. While still incorporating a small number of parameters, Model 2 better represents the complexity of the biological behaviour for calculating the IPP produced in different situations, such as studies on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy. In the future, additional clinical studies are warranted to further evaluate and fine-tune dosing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lo Presti
- CNR-IRIB (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation), National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.L.P.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Laura D’Orsi
- CNR-IASI BioMatLab (Institute of Analysis, Systems and Computer Science), National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea De Gaetano
- CNR-IRIB (Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation), National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- CNR-IASI BioMatLab (Institute of Analysis, Systems and Computer Science), National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.L.P.); (A.D.G.)
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5
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Lee HF, Lacbay CM, Boutin R, Matralis AN, Park J, Waller DD, Guan TL, Sebag M, Tsantrizos YS. Synthesis and Evaluation of Structurally Diverse C-2-Substituted Thienopyrimidine-Based Inhibitors of the Human Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Synthase. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2471-2496. [PMID: 35077178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Novel analogues of C-2-substituted thienopyrimidine-based bisphosphonates (C2-ThP-BPs) are described that are potent inhibitors of the human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (hGGPPS). Members of this class of compounds induce target-selective apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and exhibit antimyeloma activity in vivo. A key structural element of these inhibitors is a linker moiety that connects their (((2-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methylene)bisphosphonic acid core to various side chains. The structural diversity of this linker moiety, as well as the side chains attached to it, was investigated and found to significantly impact the toxicity of these compounds in MM cells. The most potent inhibitor identified was evaluated in mouse and rat for liver toxicity and systemic exposure, respectively, providing further optimism for the potential value of such compounds as human therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu-Fung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cyrus M Lacbay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Rebecca Boutin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Alexios N Matralis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jaeok Park
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Daniel D Waller
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Tian Lai Guan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Michael Sebag
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Youla S Tsantrizos
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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6
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Forsyth CM, Greenhill NB, Junk PC, Deacon GB. Elucidating structural patterns in hydrogen bond dense materials: a study of ammonium salts of (4‐aminium‐1‐hydroxybutylidine)‐1,1‐bisphosphonic acid. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig. M. Forsyth
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Neil B. Greenhill
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Peter C. Junk
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
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7
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Fernández-Del-Río L, Rodríguez-López S, Gutiérrez-Casado E, González-Reyes JA, Clarke CF, Burón MI, Villalba JM. Regulation of hepatic coenzyme Q biosynthesis by dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102061. [PMID: 34246922 PMCID: PMC8274332 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fats are important for human health, yet it is not fully understood how different fats affect various health problems. Although polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are generally considered as highly oxidizable, those of the n-3 series can ameliorate the risk of many age-related disorders. Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is both an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and the only lipid-soluble antioxidant that animal cells can synthesize. Previous work has documented the protective antioxidant properties of CoQ against the autoxidation products of PUFAs. Here, we have explored in vitro and in vivo models to better understand the regulation of CoQ biosynthesis by dietary fats. In mouse liver, PUFAs increased CoQ content, and PUFAs of the n-3 series increased preferentially CoQ10. This response was recapitulated in hepatic cells cultured in the presence of lipid emulsions, where we additionally demonstrated a role for n-3 PUFAs as regulators of CoQ biosynthesis via the upregulation of several COQ proteins and farnesyl pyrophosphate levels. In both models, n-3 PUFAs altered the mitochondrial network without changing the overall mitochondrial mass. Furthermore, in cellular systems, n-3 PUFAs favored the synthesis of CoQ10 over CoQ9, thus altering the ratio between CoQ isoforms through a mechanism that involved downregulation of farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity. This effect was recapitulated by both siRNA silencing and by pharmacological inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase with zoledronic acid. We highlight here the ability of n-3 PUFAs to regulate CoQ biosynthesis, CoQ content, and the ratio between its isoforms, which might be relevant to better understand the health benefits associated with this type of fat. Additionally, we identify for the first time zoledronic acid as a drug that inhibits CoQ biosynthesis, which must be also considered with respect to its biological effects on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Fernández-Del-Río
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elena Gutiérrez-Casado
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Antonio González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Catherine F Clarke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - María Isabel Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
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8
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Legigan T, Migianu-Griffoni E, Redouane MA, Descamps A, Deschamp J, Gager O, Monteil M, Barbault F, Lecouvey M. Synthesis and preliminary anticancer evaluation of new triazole bisphosphonate-based isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113241. [PMID: 33571830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new set of triazole bisphosphonates 8a-d and 9a-d presenting an alkyl or phenyl substituent at the C-4 or C-5 position of the triazole ring is described. These compounds have been evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against MIA PaCa-2 (pancreas), MDA-MB-231 (breast) and A549 (lung) human tumor cell lines. 4-hexyl- and 4-octyltriazole bisphosphonates 8b-c both displayed remarkable antiproliferative activities with IC50 values in the micromolar range (0.75-2.4 μM) and were approximately 4 to 12-fold more potent than zoledronate. Moreover, compound 8b inhibits geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis in MIA PaCa-2 cells which ultimately led to tumor cells death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Legigan
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France.
| | - Evelyne Migianu-Griffoni
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Mohamed Abdenour Redouane
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Aurélie Descamps
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Julia Deschamp
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Olivier Gager
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Maëlle Monteil
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Marc Lecouvey
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UMR-CNRS 7244, Laboratoire Chimie, Structures, Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), équipe Chimie Bioorganique et Synthèse, 1 rue de Chablis, 93000, Bobigny, France.
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9
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Park J, Pandya VR, Ezekiel SJ, Berghuis AM. Phosphonate and Bisphosphonate Inhibitors of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthases: A Structure-Guided Perspective. Front Chem 2021; 8:612728. [PMID: 33490038 PMCID: PMC7815940 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.612728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphonates and bisphosphonates have proven their pharmacological utility as inhibitors of enzymes that metabolize phosphate and pyrophosphate substrates. The blockbuster class of drugs nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates represent one of the best-known examples. Widely used to treat bone-resorption disorders, these drugs work by inhibiting the enzyme farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. Playing a key role in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway, this enzyme is also a potential anticancer target. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the research efforts to identify new inhibitors of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase for various therapeutic applications. While the majority of these efforts have been directed against the human enzyme, some have been targeted on its homologs from other organisms, such as protozoan parasites and insects. Our particular focus is on the structures of the target enzymes and how the structural information has guided the drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeok Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Vishal R Pandya
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Sean J Ezekiel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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10
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Gao Y, Liu X, Gu Y, Song D, Ding M, Liao L, Wang J, Ni J, He G. The Effect of Bisphosphonates on Fracture Healing Time and Changes in Bone Mass Density: A Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:688269. [PMID: 34526966 PMCID: PMC8435630 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.688269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common complication of acute fracture, which can lead to fracture delayed union or other complications and resulting in poor fracture healing. Bisphosphate is a common anti-osteoporosis drug, but its application in fracture patients is still controversial because of its inhibitory effect on bone resorption. METHOD Studies were acquired from literature databases in accordance with established inclusion criteria. Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of the bisphosphonates treatment in fracture patients. Data analysis was conducted with the Review Manager 5.4.1 software. RESULTS A total of 16 studies involving 5022 patients obtained from selected databases were examined. As expected, bisphosphate had no significant effect on fracture healing time, but it could significantly increase BMD and prevent osteoporosis. Meanwhile, bisphosphate can inhibit both bone resorption and bone formation markers, resulting in low bone turnover state. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that bisphosphonate have no significant effect on fracture healing time but they do increase the changes in BMD and reduce bone synthesis and resorption markers. Early application of bisphosphonates after injury in the appropriate patient population should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department Radiology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Yuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deye Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Muliang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lele Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangdong Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxu He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Münzker L, Petrick JK, Schleberger C, Clavel D, Cornaciu I, Wilcken R, Márquez JA, Klebe G, Marzinzik A, Jahnke W. Fragment-Based Discovery of Non-bisphosphonate Binders of Trypanosoma brucei Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3096-3111. [PMID: 32537808 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, a current treatment for bone diseases, have been shown to block the growth of the T. brucei parasites by inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS); however, due to their poor pharmacokinetic properties, they are not well suited for antiparasitic therapy. Recently, an allosteric binding pocket was discovered on human FPPS, but its existence on trypanosomal FPPS was unclear. We applied NMR and X-ray fragment screening to T. brucei FPPS and report herein on four fragments bound to this previously unknown allosteric site. Surprisingly, non-bisphosphonate active-site binders were also identified. Moreover, fragment screening revealed a number of additional binding sites. In an early structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, an analogue of an active-site binder was unexpectedly shown to bind to the allosteric site. Overlaying identified fragment binders of a parallel T. cruzi FPPS fragment screen with the T. brucei FPPS structure, and medicinal chemistry optimisation based on two binders revealed another example of fragment "pocket hopping". The discovery of binders with new chemotypes sets the framework for developing advanced compounds with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for the treatment of parasitic infections by inhibition of FPPS in T. brucei parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Münzker
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joy Kristin Petrick
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schleberger
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Clavel
- EMBL Grenoble, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France
| | - Irina Cornaciu
- EMBL Grenoble, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France.,ALPX, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France
| | - Rainer Wilcken
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - José A Márquez
- EMBL Grenoble, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France.,ALPX, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, CEDEX 9, France
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marzinzik
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Novartis Campus, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Maheshwari S, Kim YS, Aripirala S, Murphy M, Amzel LM, Gabelli SB. Identifying Structural Determinants of Product Specificity in Leishmania major Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2751-2759. [PMID: 32584028 PMCID: PMC8049779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) is an isoprenoid chain elongation enzyme that catalyzes the sequential condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (C5) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP; C5) and the resulting geranyl diphosphate (GPP; C10) with another molecule of IPP, eventually producing farnesyl diphosphate (FPP; C15), which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of a vast majority of isoprenoids. Previous studies of FPPS have highlighted the importance of the structure around the hydrophobic chain elongation path in determining product specificity. To investigate what structural features define the final chain length of the product in FPPS from Leishmania major, we designed and expressed six mutants of LmFPPS by replacing small amino acids around the binding pocket with bulky residues. Using enzymatic assays, binding kinetics, and crystallographic studies, we analyzed the effects of these mutations on the activity and product specificity of FPPS. Our results revealed that replacement of Thr-164 with tryptophan and phenylalanine completely abolished the activity of FPPS. Intriguingly, the T164Y substitution displayed dual product specificity and produced a mixture GPP and FPP as final products, with an activity for FPP synthesis that was lower than that of the wild-type enzyme. These data indicate that Thr-164 is a potential regulator of product specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Maheshwari
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yu Seon Kim
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Srinivas Aripirala
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - L. Mario Amzel
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sandra B. Gabelli
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
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13
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Ronnebaum TA, Gupta K, Christianson DW. Higher-order oligomerization of a chimeric αβγ bifunctional diterpene synthase with prenyltransferase and class II cyclase activities is concentration-dependent. J Struct Biol 2020; 210:107463. [PMID: 31978464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unusual diterpene (C20) synthase copalyl diphosphate synthase from Penicillium verruculosum (PvCPS) is the first bifunctional terpene synthase identified with both prenyltransferase and class II cyclase activities in a single polypeptide chain with αβγ domain architecture. The C-terminal prenyltransferase α domain generates geranylgeranyl diphosphate which is then cyclized to form copalyl diphosphate at the N-terminal βγ domain interface. We now demonstrate that PvCPS exists as a hexamer at high concentrations - a unique quaternary structure for known αβγ terpene synthases. Hexamer assembly is corroborated by a 2.41 Å-resolution crystal structure of the α domain prenyltransferase obtained from limited proteolysis of full-length PvCPS, as well as the ab initio model of full-length PvCPS derived from small-angle X-ray scattering data. Hexamerization of the prenyltransferase α domain appears to drive the hexamerization of full-length PvCPS. The PvCPS hexamer dissociates into lower-order species at lower concentrations, as evidenced by size-exclusion chromatography in-line with multiangle light scattering, sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation, and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis experiments, suggesting that oligomerization is concentration dependent. Even so, PvCPS oligomer assembly does not affect prenyltransferase activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey A Ronnebaum
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Kushol Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David W Christianson
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
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14
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Manaswiyoungkul P, de Araujo ED, Gunning PT. Targeting prenylation inhibition through the mevalonate pathway. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:51-71. [PMID: 33479604 PMCID: PMC7485146 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00442d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein prenylation is a critical mediator in several diseases including cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Therapeutic intervention has focused primarily on directly targeting the prenyltransferase enzymes, FTase and GGTase I and II. To date, several drugs have advanced to clinical trials and while promising, they have yet to gain approval in a medical setting due to off-target effects and compensatory mechanisms activated by the body which results in drug resistance. While the development of dual inhibitors has mitigated undesirable side effects, potency remains sub-optimal for clinical development. An alternative approach involves antagonizing the upstream mevalonate pathway enzymes, FPPS and GGPPS, which mediate prenylation as well as cholesterol synthesis. The development of these inhibitors presents novel opportunities for dual inhibition of cancer-driven prenylation as well as cholesterol accumulation. Herein, we highlight progress towards the development of inhibitors against the prenylation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimyupa Manaswiyoungkul
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , 3359 Mississauga Rd N. , Mississauga , Ontario L5L 1C6 , Canada .
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , 3359 Mississauga Rd N. , Mississauga , Ontario L5L 1C6 , Canada .
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
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15
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Müller F, Appelt KA, Meier C, Suhm N. Zoledronic acid is more efficient than ibandronic acid in the treatment of symptomatic bone marrow lesions of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:408-417. [PMID: 31273410 PMCID: PMC6995988 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05598-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and tolerability of different antiresorptive therapeutic regimens for treating symptomatic bone marrow lesions (BML) of the knee. METHODS Patient records of 34 patients with radiologically diagnosed, painful BML of the knee treated with either a bisphosphonate (zoledronic, ibandronic, or alendronic acid) or with a human monoclonal antibody (denosumab) were retrospectively evaluated. Response to treatment was assessed, as change in patient-reported pain, by evaluation of BML expansion on MRI using the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS), and by laboratory analysis of bone turnover markers: C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (CTx) and procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP). Tolerability was evaluated by documentation of adverse reactions. RESULTS Zoledronic acid was more or at least equally effective as the other treatment regimens with response to treatment in 11 of 12 patients (92%). The highest rate of adverse events was noted in 4 of 12 patients (33%) treated with zoledronic acid. CTx and WORMS differentiated well between responders and non-responders, whereas P1NP failed to do so. Changes in pain correlated moderately with change in WORMS (r = - 0.32), weakly with change in CTx (r = - 0.07), and not at all with change in P1NP. CONCLUSION Zoledronic acid appeared to be more effective than other antiresorptive medications-at the cost of more frequent adverse events. While radiological and laboratory evaluation methods may allow for objective treatment monitoring, they appear to capture different dimensions than patient-reported pain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Müller
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Konrad A. Appelt
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Meier
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,ENDONET, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Suhm
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,ENDONET, Basel, Switzerland.
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16
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Grimaldi M, Randino R, Ciaglia E, Scrima M, Buonocore M, Stillitano I, Abate M, Covelli V, Tosco A, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Rodriquez M, D'Ursi AM. NMR for screening and a biochemical assay: Identification of new FPPS inhibitors exerting anticancer activity. Bioorg Chem 2019; 98:103449. [PMID: 32057422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is a crucial enzyme for the synthesis of isoprenoids and the key target of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs). N-BPs are potent and selective FPPS inhibitors that are used in the treatment of bone-related diseases, but have poor pharmacokinetic properties. Given the key role played by FPPS in many cancer-related pathways and the pharmacokinetic limits of N-BPs, hundreds of molecules have been screened to identify new FPPS inhibitors characterized by improved drug-like properties that are useful for broader therapeutic applications in solid, non-skeletal tumours. We have previously shown that N6-isopentenyladenosine (i6A) and its related compound N6-benzyladenosine (2) exert anti-glioma activity by interfering with the mevalonate pathway and inhibiting FPPS. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a panel of N6-benzyladenosine derivatives (compounds 2a-m) incorporating different chemical moieties on the benzyl ring. Compounds 2a-m show in vitro antiproliferative activity in U87MG glioma cells and, analogous to the bisphosphonate FPPS inhibitors, exhibit immunogenic properties in ex vivo γδ T cells from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Using saturation transfer difference (STD) and quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, we found that 2f, the N6-benzyladenosine analogue that includes a tertbutyl moiety in the para position of the benzyl ring, is endowed with increased FPPS binding and inhibition compared to the parent compounds i6A and 2. N6-benzyladenosine derivatives, characterized by structural features that are significantly different from those of N-BPs, have been confirmed to be promising chemical scaffolds for the development of non N-BP FPPS inhibitors, exerting combined cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 - Pad. 20 Mostra d'Oltremare, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Randino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Scrima
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Michela Buonocore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stillitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Verdiana Covelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Rodriquez
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D'Ursi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
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17
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Kim S, Kim EJ, Park JB, Kim SW, Kim KJ. Crystal structure of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (crtE) from Nonlabens dokdonensis DSW-6. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:479-485. [PMID: 31427080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Isoprenoids comprise a diverse group of natural products with a broad range of metabolic functions. Isoprenoids are synthesized from prenyl pyrophosphates by prenyltransferases that catalyze the isoprenoid chain-elongation process to different chain lengths. We hereby present the crystal structure of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase from the marine flavobacterium Nonlabens dokdonensis DSW-6 (NdGGPPS). NdGGPPS forms a hexamer composed of homodimeric trimer, and the monomeric structure is composed of 15 α-helices (α1-α15). In this structure, we observed the binding of one pyrophosphate molecule and two glycerol molecules that mimicked substrate binding to the enzyme. The substrate binding site of NdGGPPS contains large hydrophobic residues such as Phe, His and Tyr, and structural and amino acids sequence analyses thereof suggest that the protein belongs to the short-chain prenyltransferase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-ku, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-ku, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Bin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Won Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-ku, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Romanenko VD. α-Heteroatom-substituted gem-Bisphosphonates: Advances in the Synthesis and Prospects for Biomedical Application. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190401141844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized gem-bisphosphonic acid derivatives being pyrophosphate isosteres are of great synthetic and biological interest since they are currently the most important class of drugs developed for the treatment of diseases associated with the disorder of calcium metabolism, including osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, and hypercalcemia. In this article, we will try to give an in-depth overview of the methods for obtaining α- heteroatom-substituted methylenebisphosphonates and acquaint the reader with the synthetic strategies that are used to develop biologically important compounds of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim D. Romanenko
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1-Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
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19
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Current Treatments and New Developments in the Management of Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis. Drugs 2019; 79:1065-1087. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-019-01145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Malwal SR, Chen L, Hicks H, Qu F, Liu W, Shillo A, Law WX, Zhang J, Chandnani N, Han X, Zheng Y, Chen CC, Guo RT, AbdelKhalek A, Seleem MN, Oldfield E. Discovery of Lipophilic Bisphosphonates That Target Bacterial Cell Wall and Quinone Biosynthesis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2564-2581. [PMID: 30730737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report that alkyl-substituted bisphosphonates have activity against Bacillus anthracis Sterne (0.40 μg/mL), Mycobacterium smegmatis (1.4 μg/mL), Bacillus subtilis (1.0 μg/mL), and Staphylococcus aureus (13 μg/mL). In many cases, there is no effect of serum binding, as well as low activity against a human embryonic kidney cell line. Targeting of isoprenoid biosynthesis is involved with 74 having IC50 values of ∼100 nM against heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase and 200 nM against farnesyl diphosphate synthase. B. subtilis growth inhibition was rescued by addition of farnesyl diphosphate, menaquinone-4 (MK-4), or undecaprenyl phosphate (UP), and the combination of MK-4 and UP resulted in a 25× increase in ED50, indicating targeting of both quinone and cell wall biosynthesis. Clostridioides difficile was inhibited by 74, and since this organism does not synthesize quinones, cell wall biosynthesis is the likely target. We also solved three X-ray structures of inhibitors bound to octaprenyl diphosphate and/or undecaprenyl diphosphate synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xu Han
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Ahmed AbdelKhalek
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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21
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Waller DD, Park J, Tsantrizos YS. Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and/or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) biosynthesis and its implication in the treatment of cancers. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 54:41-60. [DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2019.1568964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaeok Park
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Youla S. Tsantrizos
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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22
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Bier S, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A. Bone Target Therapy in Urologic Malignancies. Urol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42623-5_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Burda-Grabowska M, Macegoniuk K, Flick R, Nocek BP, Joachimiak A, Yakunin AF, Mucha A, Berlicki Ł. Bisphosphonic acids and related compounds as inhibitors of nucleotide- and polyphosphate-processing enzymes: A PPK1 and PPK2 case study. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:1197-1206. [PMID: 30484959 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonic acids, which are structural analogs of pyrophosphate, constitute a class of compounds with very high potential for the construction of effective inhibitors of enzymes operating on oligo- and polyphosphates. The bisphosphonate-based methodology was applied for the discovery of inhibitors of two families of polyphosphate kinases (PPK1 and PPK2). Screening of thirty-two structurally diverse bisphosphonic acids and related compounds revealed several micromolar inhibitors of both enzymes. Importantly, selectivity of bisphosphonates could be achieved by application of the appropriate side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Burda-Grabowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Macegoniuk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boguslaw P Nocek
- Department of Biosciences, Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Andrzej Joachimiak
- Department of Biosciences, Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Alexander F Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Artur Mucha
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Berlicki
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
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Randall DR, Nativ-Zeltzer N, Cates DJ, Tinling SP, Belafsky PC. Decreased intramuscular calcium hydroxyapatite implant resorption in a murine model of osteoporosis. Laryngoscope 2018; 128:2576-2580. [PMID: 30194683 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) is a common material for vocal fold injection augmentation. Durability is variable, and factors involved in implant longevity are not understood. Animal models of osteoporosis show decreased bone density and increased mineral liberation, suggesting CaHA retention may be altered in these conditions. STUDY DESIGN Prospective murine investigation. METHODS Fourteen skeletally mature, 10-month-old female Sprague-Dewley rats were treated by one of three interventions: oophorectomy, laparotomy without oophorectomy (sham), or monthly risedronate injection (90 μg/kg, subcutaneous). CaHA was implanted into the right lateral thigh muscle in all animals at the time of procedure or first risedronate injection. After 17 weeks, all rats were sacrificed, and the residual CaHA isolated from excised lateral thigh muscle through incubation in a 900 °C calcinator for 9 hours. RESULTS Mean CaHA mass remaining in the oophorectomy group was 65.9 (standard deviation ± 16.1) mg, compared to 44.4 ± 10.0 mg CaHA in the risedronate group and 48.6 ± 7.5 mg in the sham group. One-way analysis of variance found a statistically significant difference between the oophorectomy and risedronate groups but not between the sham and other groups, F(2,11) = 4.404, P = 0.039. CONCLUSION Persistent estrogen deficiency in a murine model of osteoporosis demonstrated decreased rate of CaHA resorption. This suggests that hormone alterations associated with osteoporosis may alter the longevity of CaHA implant resorption through an uncertain mechanism. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 2576-2580, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick R Randall
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
- the Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nogah Nativ-Zeltzer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
| | - Daniel J Cates
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
| | - Steve P Tinling
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
| | - Peter C Belafsky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
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Savino S, Toscano A, Purgatorio R, Profilo E, Laghezza A, Tortorella P, Angelelli M, Cellamare S, Scala R, Tricarico D, Marobbio CMT, Perna F, Vitale P, Agamennone M, Dimiccoli V, Tolomeo A, Scilimati A. Novel bisphosphonates with antiresorptive effect in bone mineralization and osteoclastogenesis. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:184-200. [PMID: 30216851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates such as zoledronic, alendronic and risedronic acids are a class of drugs clinically used to prevent bone density loss and osteoporosis. Novel P-C-P bisphosphonates were synthesized for targeting human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS) and human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (hGGPPS), key enzymes of the mevalonate pathway, and capable of anti-proliferative action on a number of cell lines (PC3, MG63, MC3T3, RAW 264.7, J774A.1, bone marrow cells and their co-colture with PC3) involved in bone homeostasis, bone formation and death. Among sixteen compounds, [1-hydroxy-2-(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)ethane-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid) (10) was effective in reducing PC3 and RAW 264.7 cell number in crystal-violet and cell-dehydrogenase activity assays at 100 μM concentration. 10 reduced differentiated osteoclasts number similarly with zoledronic acid in osteoclastogenesis assay. At nanomolar concentrations, 10 was more effective than zoledronic acid in inducing mineralization in MC3T3 and murine bone marrow cells. Further, 10 significantly inhibited the activity of hFPPS showing an IC50 of 0.31 μM and a remarkable hydroxyapatite binding of 90%. Docking calculations were performed identifying putative interactions between some representative novel bisphosphonates and both hFPPS and hGGPPS. Then, 10 was found to behave similarly or even better than zoledronic acid as a anti-resorptive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Savino
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Toscano
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Profilo
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Tortorella
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Angelelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Saverio Cellamare
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Scala
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Marya Thomas Marobbio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Filippo Perna
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Agamennone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dimiccoli
- ITEL Telecomunicazioni S.r.l., Via A. Labriola, 70037, Ruvo di Puglia, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Tolomeo
- ITEL Telecomunicazioni S.r.l., Via A. Labriola, 70037, Ruvo di Puglia, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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26
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Petrova TE, Boyko KM, Nikolaeva AY, Stekhanova TN, Gruzdev EV, Mardanov AV, Stroilov VS, Littlechild JA, Popov VO, Bezsudnova EY. Structural characterization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase GACE1337 from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Geoglobus acetivorans. Extremophiles 2018; 22:877-888. [PMID: 30062607 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel type 1 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase GACE1337 has been identified within the genome of a newly identified hyperthermophilic archaeon Geoglobus acetivorans. The enzyme has been cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has been biochemically and structurally characterized. It is able to catalyze the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate as a major product and of farnesyl pyrophosphate in smaller amounts, as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at an elevated temperature of 60 °C. Its ability to produce two products is consistent with the fact that GACE1337 is the only short-chain isoprenyl diphosphate synthase in G. acetivorans. Attempts to crystallize the enzyme were successful only at 37 °C. The three-dimensional structure of GACE1337 was determined by X-ray diffraction to 2.5 Å resolution. A comparison of its structure with those of related enzymes revealed that the Geoglobus enzyme has the features of both type I and type III geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthases, which allow it to regulate the product length. The active enzyme is a dimer and has three aromatic amino acids, two Phe, and a Tyr, located in the hydrophobic cleft between the two subunits. It is proposed that these bulky residues play a major role in the synthetic reaction by controlling the product elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E Petrova
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, RAS, Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Vitkevich St., Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.,NBICS Center, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr, 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana N Stekhanova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Eugeny V Gruzdev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Mardanov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor S Stroilov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (ZIOC RAS), Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Jennifer A Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.,NBICS Center, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr, 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
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Computer-aided design, synthesis, and biological studies of anticological nitrogen-containing tetraphosphonic acids against melanoma. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Abstract
Drugs called bisphosphonates are used to treat a range of bone diseases, but how do they reach the enzymes that are their target?
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rogers
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Marcia A Munoz
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
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29
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Ibandronate metal complexes: solution behavior and antiparasitic activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:303-312. [PMID: 29349663 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-018-1535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To face the high costs of developing new drugs, researchers in both industry and academy are looking for ways to repurpose old drugs for new uses. In this sense, bisphosphonates that are clinically used for bone diseases have been studied as agents against Trypanosoma cruzi, causative parasite of Chagas disease. In this work, the development of first row transition metal complexes (M = Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+) with the bisphosphonate ibandronate (iba, H4iba representing the neutral form) is presented. The in-solution behavior of the systems containing iba and the selected 3d metal ions was studied by potentiometry. Mononuclear complexes [M(Hxiba)](2-x)- (x = 0-3) and [M(Hiba)2]4- together with the formation of the neutral polynuclear species [M2iba] and [M3(Hiba)2] were detected for all studied systems. In the solid state, complexes of the formula [M3(Hiba)2(H2O)4]·6H2O were obtained and characterized. All obtained complexes, forming [M(Hiba)]- species under the conditions of the biological studies, were more active against the amastigote form of T. cruzi than the free iba, showing no toxicity in mammalian Vero cells. In addition, the same complexes were selective inhibitors of the parasitic farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) enzyme showing poor inhibition of the human one. However, the increase of the anti-T. cruzi activity upon coordination could not be explained neither through the inhibition of TcFPPS nor through the inhibition of TcSPPS (T. cruzi solanesyl-diphosphate synthase). The ability of the obtained metal complexes of catalyzing the generation of free radical species in the parasite could explain the observed anti-T. cruzi activity.
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In Silico-Based Repositioning of Phosphinothricin as a Novel Technetium-99m Imaging Probe with Potential Anti-Cancer Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020496. [PMID: 29473879 PMCID: PMC6017358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Phosphinothricin (glufosinate or 2-amino-4-((hydroxy(methyl) phosphinyl) butyric acid ammonium salt (AHPB)), which is a structural analog of glutamate, is a recognized herbicide that acts on weeds through inhibition of glutamine synthetase. Due to the structural similarity between phosphinothricin and some bisphosphonates (BPs), this study focuses on investigating the possibility of repurposing phosphinothricin as a bisphosphonate analogue, particularly in two medicine-related activities: image probing and as an anti-cancer drug. As BP is a competitive inhibitor of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (HFPPS), in silico molecular docking and dynamic simulations studies were established to evaluate the binding and stability of phosphinothricin with HFPPS, while the results showed good binding and stability in the active site of the enzyme in relation to alendronate. For the purpose of inspecting bone-tissue accumulation of phosphinothricin, a technetium (99mTc)–phosphinothricin complex was developed and its stability and tissue distribution were scrutinized. The radioactive complex showed rapid, high and sustained uptake into bone tissues. Finally, the cytotoxic activity of phosphinothricin was tested against breast and lung cancer cells, with the results indicating cytotoxic activity in relation to alendronate. All the above results provide support for the use of phosphinothricin as a potential anti-cancer drug and of its technetium complex as an imaging probe.
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31
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Gisselberg JE, Herrera Z, Orchard LM, Llinás M, Yeh E. Specific Inhibition of the Bifunctional Farnesyl/Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase in Malaria Parasites via a New Small-Molecule Binding Site. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:185-193.e5. [PMID: 29276048 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The bifunctional farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS/GGPPS) is a key branchpoint enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis in Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) parasites. PfFPPS/GGPPS is a validated, high-priority antimalarial drug target. Unfortunately, current bisphosphonate drugs that inhibit FPPS and GGPPS enzymes by acting as a diphosphate substrate analog show poor bioavailability and selectivity for PfFPPS/GGPPS. We identified a new non-bisphosphonate compound, MMV019313, which is highly selective for PfFPPS/GGPPS and showed no activity against human FPPS or GGPPS. Inhibition of PfFPPS/GGPPS by MMV019313, but not bisphosphonates, was disrupted in an S228T variant, demonstrating that MMV019313 and bisphosphonates have distinct modes of inhibition. Molecular docking indicated that MMV019313 did not bind previously characterized substrate sites in PfFPPS/GGPPS. Our finding uncovers a new, selective small-molecule binding site in this important antimalarial drug target with superior druggability compared with the known inhibitor site and sets the stage for the development of Plasmodium-specific FPPS/GGPPS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolyn E Gisselberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lindsey M Orchard
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Manuel Llinás
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ellen Yeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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32
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Abdou WM, Ganoub NA, Ismail MA, Sabry E, Barghash RF, Geronikaki A. Developing efficient protocols for synthesis, antiosteoarthritic, antiinflammatory assessments and docking studies of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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33
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Liu QZ, Wang SS, Li X, Zhao XY, Li K, Lv GC, Qiu L, Lin JG. 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, and ONIOM studies on the structure-activity relationships and action mechanism of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 91:735-746. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Xue-Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
| | - Gao-Chao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
| | - Jian-Guo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine; Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine; Wuxi China
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Park J, Rodionov D, De Schutter JW, Lin YS, Tsantrizos YS, Berghuis AM. Crystallographic and thermodynamic characterization of phenylaminopyridine bisphosphonates binding to human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186447. [PMID: 29036218 PMCID: PMC5643135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS) catalyzes the production of the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl pyrophosphate. The enzyme is a key regulator of the mevalonate pathway and a well-established drug target. Notably, it was elucidated as the molecular target of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, a class of drugs that have been widely successful against bone resorption disorders. More recently, research has focused on the anticancer effects of these inhibitors. In order to achieve increased non-skeletal tissue exposure, we created phenylaminopyridine bisphosphonates (PNP-BPs) that have bulky hydrophobic side chains through a structure-based approach. Some of these compounds have proven to be more potent than the current clinical drugs in a number of antiproliferation assays using multiple myeloma cell lines. In the present work, we characterized the binding of our most potent PNP-BPs to the target enzyme, hFPPS. Co-crystal structures demonstrate that the molecular interactions designed to elicit tighter binding are indeed established. We carried out thermodynamic studies as well; the newly introduced protein-ligand interactions are clearly reflected in the enthalpy of binding measured, which is more favorable for the new PNP-BPs than for the lead compound. These studies also indicate that the affinity of the PNP-BPs to hFPPS is comparable to that of the current drug risedronate. Risedronate forms additional polar interactions via its hydroxyl functional group and thus exhibits more favorable binding enthalpy; however, the entropy of binding is more favorable for the PNP-BPs, owing to the greater desolvation effects resulting from their large hydrophobic side chains. These results therefore confirm the overall validity of our drug design strategy. With a distinctly different molecular scaffold, the PNP-BPs described in this report represent an interesting new group of future drug candidates. Further investigation should follow to characterize the tissue distribution profile and assess the potential clinical benefits of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeok Park
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dmitry Rodionov
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Yih-Shyan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Youla S. Tsantrizos
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Albert M. Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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35
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New insights into human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibition by second-generation bisphosphonate drugs. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2017. [PMID: 28631130 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-017-0034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pamidronate, alendronate, APHBP and neridronate are a group of drugs, known as second-generation bisphosphonates (2G-BPs), commonly used in the treatment of bone-resorption disorders, and recently their use has been related to some collateral side effects. The therapeutic activity of 2G-BPs is related to the inhibition of the human Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (hFPPS). Available inhibitory activity values show that 2G-BPs act time-dependently, showing big differences in their initial inhibitory activities but similar final IC50 values. However, there is a lack of information explaining this similar final inhibitory potency. Although different residues have been identified in the stabilization of the R2 side chain of 2G-BPs into the active site, similar free binding energies were obtained that highlighted a similar stability of the ternary complexes, which in turns justified the similar IC50 values reported. Free binding energy calculations also demonstrated that the union of 2G-BPs to the active site were 38 to 54 kcal mol-1 energetically more favourable than the union of the natural substrate, which is the basis of the inhibition potency of the hFPPS activity.
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Park J, Leung CY, Matralis AN, Lacbay CM, Tsakos M, Fernandez De Troconiz G, Berghuis AM, Tsantrizos YS. Pharmacophore Mapping of Thienopyrimidine-Based Monophosphonate (ThP-MP) Inhibitors of the Human Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2119-2134. [PMID: 28208018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (hFPPS), a key regulatory enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, catalyzes the biosynthesis of the C-15 isoprenoid farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). FPP plays a crucial role in the post-translational prenylation of small GTPases that perform a plethora of cellular functions. Although hFPPS is a well-established therapeutic target for lytic bone diseases, the currently available bisphosphonate drugs exhibit poor cellular uptake and distribution into nonskeletal tissues. Recent drug discovery efforts have focused primarily on allosteric inhibition of hFPPS and the discovery of non-bisphosphonate drugs for potentially treating nonskeletal diseases. Hit-to-lead optimization of a new series of thienopyrimidine-based monosphosphonates (ThP-MPs) led to the identification of analogs with nanomolar potency in inhibiting hFPPS. Their interactions with the allosteric pocket of the enzyme were characterized by crystallography, and the results provide further insight into the pharmacophore requirements for allosteric inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeok Park
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University , 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Chun Yuen Leung
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Alexios N Matralis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cyrus M Lacbay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Michail Tsakos
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Albert M Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University , 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University , 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Youla S Tsantrizos
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University , 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University , 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
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Nada MH, Wang H, Workalemahu G, Tanaka Y, Morita CT. Enhancing adoptive cancer immunotherapy with Vγ2Vδ2 T cells through pulse zoledronate stimulation. J Immunother Cancer 2017; 5:9. [PMID: 28239463 PMCID: PMC5319075 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human γδ T cells expressing Vγ2Vδ2 T cell receptors monitor foreign- and self-prenyl pyrophosphate metabolites in isoprenoid biosynthesis to mediate immunity to microbes and tumors. Adoptive immunotherapy with Vγ2Vδ2 T cells has been used to treat cancer patients with partial and complete remissions. Most clinical trials and preclinical studies have used continuous zoledronate exposure to expand Vγ2Vδ2 cells where zoledronate is slowly diluted over the course of the culture. Zoledronate inhibits farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in monocytes causing isopentenyl pyrophosphate to accumulate that then stimulates Vγ2Vδ2 cells. Because zoledronate inhibition of FDPS is also toxic for T cells, we hypothesized that a short period of exposure would reduce T cell toxicity but still be sufficient for monocytes uptake. Additionally, IL-15 increases the anti-tumor activity of murine αβ T cells in mice but its effect on the in vivo anti-tumor activity of human Vγ2Vδ2 cells has not been assessed. Methods Human Vγ2Vδ2 T cells were expanded by pulse or continuous zoledronate stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15. Expanded Vγ2Vδ2 cells were tested for their expression of effector molecules and killing of tumor cells as well as their in vivo control of human prostate cancer tumors in immunodeficient NSG mice. Results Pulse zoledronate stimulation with either IL-2 or IL-15 resulted in more uniform expansion of Vγ2Vδ2 cells with higher purity and cell numbers as compared with continuous exposure. The Vγ2Vδ2 cells had higher levels of CD107a and perforin and increased tumor cytotoxicity. Adoptive immunotherapy with Vγ2Vδ2 cells derived by pulse stimulation controlled human PC-3 prostate cancer tumors in NSG mice significantly better than those derived by continuous stimulation, halting tumor growth. Although pulse zoledronate stimulation with IL-15 preserved early memory subsets, adoptive immunotherapy with IL-15-derived Vγ2Vδ2 cells equally inhibited PC-3 tumor growth as those derived with IL-2. Conclusions Pulse zoledronate stimulation maximizes the purity, quantity, and quality of expanded Vγ2Vδ2 cells for adoptive immunotherapy but there is no advantage to using IL-15 over IL-2 in our humanized mouse model. Pulse zoledronate stimulation is a simple modification to existing protocols that will enhance the effectiveness of adoptively transferred Vγ2Vδ2 cells by increasing their numbers and anti-tumor activity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40425-017-0209-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad H Nada
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA
| | - Grefachew Workalemahu
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Craig T Morita
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
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Park J, Zielinski M, Magder A, Tsantrizos YS, Berghuis AM. Human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is allosterically inhibited by its own product. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14132. [PMID: 28098152 PMCID: PMC5253651 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is an enzyme of the mevalonate pathway and a well-established therapeutic target. Recent research has focused around a newly identified druggable pocket near the enzyme's active site. Pharmacological exploitation of this pocket is deemed promising; however, its natural biological function, if any, is yet unknown. Here we report that the product of FPPS, farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), can bind to this pocket and lock the enzyme in an inactive state. The Kd for this binding is 5–6 μM, within a catalytically relevant range. These results indicate that FPPS activity is sensitive to the product concentration. Kinetic analysis shows that the enzyme is inhibited through FPP accumulation. Having a specific physiological effector, FPPS is a bona fide allosteric enzyme. This allostery offers an exquisite mechanism for controlling prenyl pyrophosphate levels in vivo and thus contributes an additional layer of regulation to the mevalonate pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is a key building block for the synthesis of many lipids. Here the authors determine the crystal structure of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) with its bound product and use kinetic measurements to show that FPP is an allosteric effector of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeok Park
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Michal Zielinski
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Alexandr Magder
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
| | - Youla S Tsantrizos
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1.,Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Albert M Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 0B1
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39
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Bone Target Therapy in Urologic Malignancies. Urol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42603-7_51-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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41
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Vagapova LI, Gazizov AS, Burilov AR, Bogdanov AA, Pudovik MA. New nucleoside analogs derived from adenosine and methylenebisphosphonic acids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Abdou WM, Barghash RF, Bekheit MS, Geronikaki A. Cytotoxicity and Anti-inflammation Profiles of Synthesized Thiazoles-BasedN-Bisphosphonates and Relevant Bisphosphonic acids. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa M. Abdou
- Chemical Research Industries Division; National Research Centre; Elbehouth St. D-12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Reham F. Barghash
- Chemical Research Industries Division; National Research Centre; Elbehouth St. D-12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Bekheit
- Chemical Research Industries Division; National Research Centre; Elbehouth St. D-12622, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle; University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
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43
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Abstract
Background:
Bisphosphonates are drugs commonly used for the medication and prevention of diseases caused by decreased mineral density. Despite such important medicinal use, they display a variety of physiologic activities, which make them promising anti-cancer, anti-protozoal, antibacterial and antiviral agents.
Objective:
To review physiological activity of bisphosphonates with special emphasis on their ongoing and potential applications in medicine and agriculture.
Method:
Critical review of recent literature data.
Results:
Comprehensive review of activities revealed by bisphosphonates.
Conclusion:
although bisphosphonates are mostly recognized by their profound effects on bone physiology their medicinal potential has not been fully evaluated yet. Literature data considering enzyme inhibition suggest possibilities of far more wide application of these compounds. These applications are, however, limited by their low bioavailability and therefore intensive search for new chemical entities overcoming this shortage are carried out.
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44
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Zhang L, Chen C, Ko T, Huang J, Zheng Y, Liu W, Wang I, Malwal SR, Feng X, Wang K, Huang C, Hsu SD, Wang AH, Oldfield E, Guo R. Moenomycin Biosynthesis: Structure and Mechanism of Action of the Prenyltransferase MoeN5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | | | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Iren Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Chun‐Hsiang Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | | | - Andrew H.‐J. Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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Zhang L, Chen CC, Ko TP, Huang JW, Zheng Y, Liu W, Wang I, Malwal SR, Feng X, Wang K, Huang CH, Hsu STD, Wang AHJ, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Moenomycin Biosynthesis: Structure and Mechanism of Action of the Prenyltransferase MoeN5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4716-20. [PMID: 26954060 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The structure of MoeN5, a unique prenyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of the antibiotic moenomycin, is reported. MoeN5 catalyzes the reaction of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with the cis-farnesyl group in phosphoglycolipid 5 to form the (C25) moenocinyl-sidechain-containing lipid 7. GPP binds to an allylic site (S1) and aligns well with known S1 inhibitors. Alkyl glycosides, glycolipids, can bind to both S1 and a second site, S2. Long sidechains in S2 are "bent" and co-locate with the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl diphosphate in other prenyltransferases. These observations support a MoeN5 mechanism in which 5 binds to S2 with its C6-C11 group poised to attack C1 in GPP to form the moenocinyl sidechain, with the more distal regions of 5 aligning with the distal glucose in decyl maltoside. The results are of general interest because they provide the first structures of MoeN5 and a structural basis for its mechanism of action, results that will facilitate the design of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- AsiaPac Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Iren Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chun-Hsiang Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Shang-Te Danny Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Andrew H-J Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Rodriguez JB, Falcone BN, Szajnman SH. Approaches for Designing new Potent Inhibitors of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:307-20. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2016.1143814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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47
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Tsoumpra MK, Muniz JR, Barnett BL, Kwaasi AA, Pilka ES, Kavanagh KL, Evdokimov A, Walter RL, Von Delft F, Ebetino FH, Oppermann U, Russell RGG, Dunford JE. The inhibition of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Elucidating the role of active site threonine 201 and tyrosine 204 residues using enzyme mutants. Bone 2015; 81:478-486. [PMID: 26318908 PMCID: PMC4652608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is the major molecular target of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), used clinically as bone resorption inhibitors. We investigated the role of threonine 201 (Thr201) and tyrosine 204 (Tyr204) residues in substrate binding, catalysis and inhibition by N-BPs, employing kinetic and crystallographic studies of mutated FPPS proteins. Mutants of Thr201 illustrated the importance of the methyl group in aiding the formation of the Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) binding site, while Tyr204 mutations revealed the unknown role of this residue in both catalysis and IPP binding. The interaction between Thr201 and the side chain nitrogen of N-BP was shown to be important for tight binding inhibition by zoledronate (ZOL) and risedronate (RIS), although RIS was also still capable of interacting with the main-chain carbonyl of Lys200. The interaction of RIS with the phenyl ring of Tyr204 proved essential for the maintenance of the isomerized enzyme-inhibitor complex. Studies with conformationally restricted analogues of RIS reaffirmed the importance of Thr201 in the formation of hydrogen bonds with N-BPs. In conclusion we have identified new features of FPPS inhibition by N-BPs and revealed unknown roles of the active site residues in catalysis and substrate binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Tsoumpra
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Joao R Muniz
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Bobby L Barnett
- Chemistry Department, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Aaron A Kwaasi
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Ewa S Pilka
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kathryn L Kavanagh
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | | | - Frank Von Delft
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Frank H Ebetino
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - R Graham G Russell
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK; Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - James E Dunford
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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Combination of zoledronic acid and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors induces synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3665-73. [PMID: 26462835 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitors, calyculin-A (CA) and okadaic acid (OA), in human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. XTT cell viability assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity. DNA fragmentation and caspase-3/7 activity assays were performed to evaluate apoptosis. Activities of phosphatase 1 (PP1) and phosphatase 2A (PP2A) were measured by serine/threonine phosphatase ELISA kit. Expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, Bcl-2, p-Bcl-2, Bad, and p-Bad proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Combination of ZA with either CA or OA showed synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis as compared to any agent alone in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Combination treatment also resulted in inhibition of both PP1 and PP2A activities. Both agents used alone or in combination did not induce significant changes in total PI3K, Akt, Bcl-2, and Bad expressions, while p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-Bcl-2, and p-Bad levels were reduced by the combination treatment as compared to agents alone. Moreover, apoptotic effect of combination treatment was significantly inhibited in the presence of LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor, in both breast cancer cell lines. In conclusion, synergistic apoptotic effect of the combination treatment is correlated with the block of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in breast cancer cells.
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Jahnke W, Bold G, Marzinzik AL, Ofner S, Pellé X, Cotesta S, Bourgier E, Lehmann S, Henry C, Hemmig R, Stauffer F, Hartwieg JCD, Green JR, Rondeau JM. A General Strategy for Targeting Drugs to Bone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14575-9. [PMID: 26457482 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Targeting drugs to their desired site of action can increase their safety and efficacy. Bisphosphonates are prototypical examples of drugs targeted to bone. However, bisphosphonate bone affinity is often considered too strong and cannot be significantly modulated without losing activity on the enzymatic target, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS). Furthermore, bisphosphonate bone affinity comes at the expense of very low and variable oral bioavailability. FPPS inhibitors were developed with a monophosphonate as a bone-affinity tag that confers moderate affinity to bone, which can furthermore be tuned to the desired level, and the relationship between structure and bone affinity was evaluated by using an NMR-based bone-binding assay. The concept of targeting drugs to bone with moderate affinity, while retaining oral bioavailability, has broad application to a variety of other bone-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland).
| | - Guido Bold
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Andreas L Marzinzik
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Silvio Ofner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Xavier Pellé
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Simona Cotesta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Emmanuelle Bourgier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Sylvie Lehmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Chrystelle Henry
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - René Hemmig
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Frédéric Stauffer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - J Constanze D Hartwieg
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Jonathan R Green
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Jean-Michel Rondeau
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Center for Proteomic Chemistry and Oncology Research, 4002 Basel (Switzerland)
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50
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Jahnke W, Bold G, Marzinzik AL, Ofner S, Pellé X, Cotesta S, Bourgier E, Lehmann S, Henry C, Hemmig R, Stauffer F, Hartwieg JCD, Green JR, Rondeau JM. Gezielte Anreicherung von Wirkstoffen am Knochen am Beispiel von allosterischen FPPS-Inhibitoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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