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Chen H, Lu M, Lyu Q, Shi L, Zhou C, Li M, Feng S, Liang X, Zhou X, Ren L. Mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction: Unraveling the hidden link to depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116656. [PMID: 38678964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. However, more and more evidence shows that mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction may play an important role in the occurrence and development of depression. Mitochondria are the centre of energy production in cells, and are also involved in important processes such as apoptosis and oxidative stress. Studies have found that there are abnormalities in mitochondrial function in patients with depression, including mitochondrial morphological changes, mitochondrial dynamics disorders, mitochondrial DNA damage, and impaired mitochondrial respiratory chain function. These abnormalities may cause excessive free radicals and oxidative stress in mitochondria, which further damage cells and affect the balance of neurotransmitters, causing or aggravating depressive symptoms. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction may participate in the occurrence and development of depression by affecting neuroplasticity, inflammation and neurotransmitters. This article reviews the effects of mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction on the pathogenesis of depression and its potential molecular pathway. The restorers for the treatment of depression by regulating the function of mitochondrial dynamics were summarized and the possibility of using mitochondrial dynamics as a biomarker of depression was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Qin Lyu
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Liuqing Shi
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Chuntong Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Xicai Liang
- Experimental Animal Center of Liaoning University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China.
| | - Lu Ren
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China; Mental disorders research laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China.
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Chen X, Wen J, Wu W, Peng Q, Cui X, He L. A review of factors influencing sensitive skin: an emphasis on built environment characteristics. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1269314. [PMID: 38111482 PMCID: PMC10726041 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1269314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sensitive skin (SS) is a condition characterized by hyperreactivity. Impacting around 37 percent of the worldwide population and exerting an influence on the quality of life for affected individuals. Its prevalence rate has increased due to factors such as elevating stress levels and deteriorating environmental conditions. The exposome factors influencing SS have extended from demographic, biological attributes, and lifestyle to external environments. Built environments (BEs) have demonstrated as root drivers for changes in behaviors and environmental exposure which have the potential to trigger SS, but the review of the associations between BEs and SS is currently lacking. Objective This review aims to achieve two primary objectives: (1) Examine exposome factors that exert influence on SS at the individual and environmental levels. (2) Develop a theoretical framework that establishes a connection between BEs and SS, thereby offering valuable insights into the impact of the built environment on this condition. Methods An extensive literature search was carried out across multiple fields, including sociology, epidemiology, basic medicine, clinical medicine, and environmental research, with a focus on SS. To identify pertinent references, renowned databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI were utilized. Results SS is the outcome of interactions between individual attributes and environmental factors. These influencing factors can be categorized into five distinct classes: (1) demographic and socioeconomic characteristics including age, gender, and race; (2) physiological and biological attributes such as emotional changes, skin types, sleep disorders, and menstrual cycles in women; (3) behavioral factors, such as spicy diet, cosmetic use, alcohol consumption, and physical exercise; (4) natural environmental features, including climate conditions and air pollution; (5) built environmental features such as population density, green space availability, road network density, and access to public transportation, also have the potential to affect the condition. Conclusion The importance of interdisciplinary integration lies in its ability to ascertain whether and how BEs are impacting SS. By elucidating the role of BEs in conjunction with other factors in the onset of SS, we can provide guidance for future research endeavors and the formulation of interventions aimed at mitigating the prevalence of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Wen
- The Centre for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuzhi Peng
- Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiangfen Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Skin Health, Kunming, China
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Qi H, Liu R, Zhou J, Feng Y, Feng L, Feng Z, Yan F. Investigating sleep quality and sleep hygiene awareness among Chinese adults: an association and network analysis study. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2049-2058. [PMID: 36869169 PMCID: PMC9984285 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationships between sleep quality and sleep hygiene awareness in the Chinese population were unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations and related factors between sleep quality and sleep hygiene awareness in adults and to identify the most central domain for sleep quality using network analysis. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 22 to May 5, 2020. Adults (18 years old or above) who had access to smartphones were invited to participate in this survey. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale (SHAPS) were used to evaluate the sleep quality and sleep hygiene awareness of the participants. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used as sensitivity analysis to reduce the confounding effects. Multiple logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations. The R packages "bootnet" and "qgraph" were used to estimate the connection and calculate the network centrality indices between good and poor sleepers. RESULTS In total, 939 respondents were included in the analysis. Of them, 48.8% (95% CI: 45.6-52.0%) were identified as poor sleepers. Participants with nervous system diseases, psychiatric diseases, and psychological problems were more likely to have poor sleep quality. The notion that using sleep medication regularly was beneficial to sleep was associated with poor sleep quality. Similarly, the notion that waking up at the same time each day disrupted sleep was also associated with poor sleep quality. The findings were consistent before and after PSM. Subjective sleep quality was the most central domain for sleep quality in good and poor sleepers. CONCLUSION Poor sleep quality was positively associated with certain sleep hygiene notions in Chinese adults. Effective measures such as self-relief, sleep hygiene education, and cognitive behavioral treatment may have been needed to improve sleep quality, especially during the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China.
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Alreshidi SM, Rayani AM. The Correlation Between Night Shift Work Schedules, Sleep Quality, and Depression Symptoms. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1565-1571. [PMID: 37440839 PMCID: PMC10335288 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s421092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Poor sleep and depressive symptoms are two negative effects of night shift work on physical and mental health. This study evaluated the correlation between sleep quality and depression symptoms among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, we assessed depressive symptoms and sleep quality observed among nurses who worked night shifts and compared the outcomes with those who worked exclusively day shifts in hospital settings. Patients and Methods A total of 191 participants (55.5% men, 44.5% women) participated. The response rate was 63.6%. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess depression score and sleep quality, respectively. Results Nurses who worked night shifts had substantially higher PSQI ratings (p<0.05) than those who worked day shifts. In addition, there was a clear relationship between the HADS and PSQI scores. According to the binary logistic regression, longer working hours and inadequate sleep were both independently linked to depressive symptoms among nurses. Conclusion Poor sleep quality brought on by night shifts may explain why Saudi nurses who work night shifts experience higher rates of depression than those who work day shifts only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman M Alreshidi
- Community and Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh City, 12371, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M Rayani
- Community and Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh City, 12371, Saudi Arabia
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Chen IM, Lin TY, Chien YL, Chen JYY, Chan JH, Liao SC, Kuo PH, Chen HC. The associations between working conditions and subjective sleep quality among female migrant care workers. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1094513. [PMID: 37124812 PMCID: PMC10140529 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1094513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective sleep quality may reflect the mental well-being of migrant care workers; however, the related occupational factors remain unclear. This study examines the association between the characteristics of care labor and the subjective sleep quality of female migrants. Methods In this cross-sectional study, Southeast Asian migrant care workers in Taiwan were recruited using convenience sampling. Data on working conditions, including workplace setting, wage, working hours, psychiatric symptoms of care recipients, and sleep quality measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), were collected through computer-assisted personal interviews. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the independent relationship between working conditions and the PSQI global score. Results There were 220 institution-(47.7%) and home-based (52.3%) care workers, and 47.7% had a PSQI score higher than 5. After controlling for covariates, the lowest tertile of wages and daily working hours (> 8 h) were independently correlated with poor sleep quality. Moreover, in the stepwise regression model, wage and working hours remained the most explainable correlates of poor sleep quality. Conclusion This study lent support to the notion that low wages and long working hours are significant occupational factors that negatively impact the subjective sleep quality of female Southeast Asian migrant care workers in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jen-Hui Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsi-Chung Chen,
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Kapella M, Steffen A, Prasad B, Laghi F, Vispute S, Kemner G, Teixeira C, Peters T, Jun J, Law J, Carley D. Therapy for insomnia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial of components. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2763-2774. [PMID: 35946416 PMCID: PMC9713922 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine efficacy and mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) education (COPD-ED) on clinical outcomes in adults with concurrent COPD and insomnia. METHODS We conducted a 2 × 2 factorial study to test the impact of CBT-I and COPD-ED delivered alone or in combination on severity of insomnia and fatigue, sleep, and dyspnea. Participants were randomized to 1 of 4 groups-group 1: CBT-I + attention control (AC; health videos, n = 27); group 2: COPD-ED + AC, n = 28; group 3: CBT-I + COPD-ED, n = 27; and group 4, AC only, n = 27. Participants received six 75-minute weekly sessions. Dependent variables included insomnia severity, sleep by actigraphy, fatigue, and dyspnea measured at baseline, immediately postintervention, and at 3 months postintervention. Presumed mediators of intervention effects included beliefs and attitudes about sleep, self-efficacy for sleep and COPD, and emotional function. RESULTS COPD patients (percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1pp] 67% ± 24% [mean ± standard deviation]), aged 65 ± 8 years, with insomnia participated in the study. Insomnia and sleep improved more in patients who received CBT-I than in those who did not, an effect that was sustained at 3 months postintervention and mediated by beliefs and attitudes about sleep. CBT-I was associated with clinically important improvements in fatigue and dyspnea. When CBT-I and COPD-ED were concurrently administered, effects on insomnia, fatigue, and dyspnea were attenuated. CONCLUSIONS CBT-I produced significant and sustained decreases in insomnia improved sleep and clinically important improvement in fatigue, and dyspnea. The combination of CBT-I and COPD-ED reduced CBT-I's effectiveness. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms associated with effects of insomnia therapy on multiple symptoms in COPD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: A Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Co-existing with COPD; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01973647; Identifier: NCT01973647. CITATION Kapella M, Steffen A, Prasad B, et al. Therapy for insomnia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial of components. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(12):2763-2774.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kapella
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alana Steffen
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bharati Prasad
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Franco Laghi
- Edward Hines Jr Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois
- Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | | | - Gretchen Kemner
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Howard Brown Health, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Celso Teixeira
- Illinois Sleep Counseling, PLLC, Highland Park, Illinois
| | - Tara Peters
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeehye Jun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Julie Law
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Carley
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Wang Q, He C, Fan D, Liu X, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Xie C. Neural effects of childhood maltreatment on dynamic large-scale brain networks in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114870. [PMID: 36194942 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment (CM) alters trajectories of brain development to affect network architecture and is a risk factor for the development and maintenance of depression. The current study aimed to explore the association between CM and depressive severity on the large-scale resting-state networks (RSNs) level in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and explored the network basis of clinical symptoms. 42 healthy controls without childhood maltreatment, 13 healthy controls with CM, 35 MDD without CM and 50 MDD with CM were included in the study population. Group differences in ten large-scale RSNs, associations between CM and depressive symptom dimensions and network variables were tested. And we explored whether symptom-related networks might discriminate between the four groups. We found one-versus-all-others-network showed an inverted U-shaped curve across groups. Network variables were significantly associated with Hamilton Depression Scale subscores and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire subscores. Different symptoms showed different imaging patterns, and overlapping connections of patterns had better ability to distinguish groups. Our findings suggest that CM could lead to significant changes in both network measures and connections in healthy individuals and MDD. These results deepen our understanding of the neuroimaging mechanisms of CM and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Canan He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Multimodal Brain Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Psychology School of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Herrmann L, Kasties V, Boden C, Li M, Fan Y, Van der Meer J, Vester JC, Seilheimer B, Schultz M, Alizadeh S, Walter M. Nx4 attenuated stress-induced activity of the anterior cingulate cortex-A post-hoc analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial. Hum Psychopharmacol 2022; 37:e2837. [PMID: 35213077 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stress-related symptoms are associated with significant health and economic burden. Several studies suggest Nx4 for the pharmacological management of the stress response and investigated the underlying neural processes. Here we hypothesized that Nx4 can directly affect the stress response in a predefined stress network, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is linked to various stress-related symptoms in patients. METHODS In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, 39 healthy males took a single dose of placebo or Nx4. Psychosocial stress was induced by the ScanSTRESS paradigm inside an MRI scanner, and stress network activation was analyzed in brain regions defined a priori. RESULTS Using the placebo data only, we could validate the activation of a distinct neural stress pattern by the ScanSTRESS paradigm. For Nx4, we provide evidence of an attenuating effect on this stress response. A statistically significant reduction in differential stress-induced activation in the right supracallosal ACC was observed for the rotation stress task of the ScanSTRESS paradigm. The results add to previously published results of Nx4 effects on emotion regulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results strengthen the hypothesis that Nx4 modulates the stress response by reducing the activation in parts of the neural stress network, particularly in the ACC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02602275; ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Vanessa Kasties
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cindy Boden
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Yan Fan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Johan Van der Meer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Myron Schultz
- Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbH, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Sarah Alizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Fitzpatrick S, Varma S, Ip J. The Impact of Homeostatic and Circadian Sleep Processes on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Urges in Borderline Personality Disorder. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:1556-1571. [PMID: 34348588 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1932647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Borderline personality disorder (BPD) involves high rates of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behaviors, which are often preceded by urges. Disrupted sleep processes have been linked to NSSI and suicidal behaviors. However, it is unclear which specific sleep processes influence NSSI and suicide urges at rest (i.e., baseline) or in response to distress (i.e., reactivity) in BPD, and thus require targeting in BPD-specific interventions. This study examined whether two distinct homeostatic sleep processes (i.e., total sleep time [TST] and time in bed [TIB]), and one circadian sleep process (i.e., chronotype, or tendencies toward early versus late bed and rise times) predict baseline NSSI and suicide urges and urge reactivity in BPD. METHODS Forty adults with BPD completed a seven-day sleep diary to measure average TST and TIB. They then completed a questionnaire to measure chronotype and underwent an experiment wherein they rated NSSI and suicide urges at baseline and following an emotion induction. RESULTS Generalized estimating equations revealed that higher TST was associated with lower baseline NSSI urges, and lower suicide urge reactivity. Additionally, higher TIB predicted higher NSSI urge reactivity. CONCLUSIONS Sleep deprivation and extended time in bed may increase proclivity toward NSSI and/or suicide. Targeting these variables in BPD interventions may ultimately facilitate the reduction of NSSI and suicidal acts. HighlightsHigher total sleep time predicts lower baseline NSSI urges, suicide urge reactivityHigher time in bed predicts higher NSSI urge reactivityReducing sleep deprivation in BPD may facilitate reductions in suicide, NSSI urges.
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Emre N, Yılmaz S. Sleep quality, mental health, and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Indian J Cancer 2022; 0:348466. [PMID: 36861698 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_859_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women and its prevalence keeps growing. Today, it is important to optimize the quality of life of breast cancer patients because the survival rates increase with early diagnosis and treatments. Our aim was to examine the sleep quality of patients with breast cancer, compare them with the healthy control group, and evaluate the relationship between quality of life and mental health. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study included 125 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 125 healthy control patients who were admitted to the general surgery department of a university. Results In 60.8% of breast cancer patients, sleep quality was poor and sleep subscale scores were high. In addition, these patients had a poorer sleep quality, higher score of anxiety and depression, and lower quality of life (in terms of physical subcomponent) compared with the control group. Moreover, although age, marital status, education status, time of cancer diagnosis, menopausal status, surgical method did not have any effect on sleep quality in patient group; low income, accompanying chronic diseases, and increased levels of anxiety and depression worsened sleep quality and increased the risk. Conclusion In patients with breast cancer, poor sleep quality, score of anxiety and depression were higher, and worsened the quality of life. In addition, low income, presence of concomitant chronic diseases, and anxiety score posed an increased risk for poor sleep quality. Therefore, physical and mental evaluation of breast cancer patients during and after treatment should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Emre
- Department of Family Medicine, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey
| | - Sevda Yılmaz
- Department of General Surgery, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey
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Park M, Suh EE. Comparison of objective and subjective sleep time and quality in hospitalized recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2022; 9:100082. [PMID: 36060832 PMCID: PMC9428810 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, the sleep time and efficiency of recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were investigated throughout treatment and compared objective measurements with subjective self-reported data. Methods Sleep time and efficiency were measured using both objective and subjective methods throughout the treatment period in inpatients receiving HSCT. The participants were recruited among HSCT inpatients at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea, between August 2019 and August 2020. Actigraphy was used to measure objective sleep time and efficiency. Subjective sleep time and quality were measured using the sleep diary and Insomnia Severity Index. Measurement data from 40 patients were analyzed. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between objective and subjective values in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Results The total sleep time was the lowest during the administration of anticancer drugs before stem cell transplantation. The total sleep time of patients with HSCT differed significantly over time when offsetting the difference in the measurement method. There were no significant differences between subjective and objective results for sleep time, and the interaction between the two methods over time was not significant. However, meaningful differences were found among the groups in sleep efficiency throughout the treatment period and between objective and subjective methods, as well as a statistically significant interaction between the two methods over time. Conclusions Actigraphy misclassified patients’ low-energy state with little movement due to immune system impairment during treatment as sleep, resulting in high measured sleep efficiency, whereas their self-reported sleep efficiency was very low. Therefore, subjective measures might be more accurate for measuring sleep efficiency in HSCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Park
- Department of Nursing, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung E. Suh
- Center for Human-Caring Nurse Leaders for the Future by Brain Korea 21 (BK 21) Four Project, College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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12
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Hruska B, Anderson L, Barduhn MS. Multilevel analysis of sleep quality and anger in emergency medical service workers. Sleep Health 2022; 8:303-310. [PMID: 35450834 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor sleep quality characterizes the emergency medical service (EMS) profession. Anger is particularly affected by sleep disturbance and may be related to sleep quality at both between- and within-person levels, yet this has never been examined. The current study performed a multilevel analysis of the relationship between sleep quality and anger among EMS workers. DESIGN Ecological momentary assessment PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-nine EMS workers employed at an emergency medical service provider in Central New York. MEASUREMENTS Participants completed 8 daily assessments that inquired about sleep quality and anger. RESULTS EMS workers who typically experienced poorer sleep quality reported greater anger levels; for instance, workers who routinely experienced poor sleep quality reported anger levels that were 18%-35% higher compared to workers receiving fair sleep quality. Regardless of their typical sleep quality, days when workers experienced poorer sleep than usual was characterized by higher levels of anger: on a day when a worker experienced poorer sleep quality than usual for them, their anger levels were 5% higher on that day regardless of their typical sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS EMS workers regularly experiencing poor sleep quality experience more anger. However, even workers who typically have better sleep quality experience anger elevations following poor sleep. These findings suggest that interventions targeting both between- and within-person factors impacting sleep may be important for addressing sleep quality's influence on anger in the EMS profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Hruska
- Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Lauren Anderson
- Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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13
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Lower cortical volume is associated with poor sleep quality after traumatic brain injury. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1362-1371. [PMID: 35018551 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to be associated with poor sleep. In this report, we aimed to identify associations between differences in cortical volume and sleep quality post-TBI. MRI anatomical scans from 88 cases with TBI were analyzed in this report. Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM), was used to obtain statistical maps of the association between PSQI and cortical volume in gray matter and white matter voxels. Higher PSQI total scores (poor sleep quality) were strongly associated with smaller gray matter volume in the cerebellum. White matter volume was not associated with total PSQI. The sleep disturbance subcomponent showed a significant association with gray and white matter volumes in the cerebellum. Although not significant, cortical areas such as the cingulate and medial frontal regions were associated with sleep quality. The cerebellum with higher contribution to motor and autonomic systems was associated strongly with poor sleep quality. Additionally, regions that play critical roles in inhibitory brain function and suppress mind wandering (i.e., default mode network including medial frontal and cingulate regions) were associated (although to a lesser extent) with sleep. Our findings suggest that poor sleep quality following TBI is significantly associated with lower cerebellar volume, with trending relationships in regions associated with inhibitory function.
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14
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Pastre M, Lopez-Castroman J. Actigraphy monitoring in anxiety disorders: A mini-review of the literature. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:984878. [PMID: 35990052 PMCID: PMC9381974 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.984878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances and changes of activity patterns are not uncommon in anxiety disorders, but they are rarely the object of attention. Actigraphic monitoring of day and night activity patterns could provide useful data to detect symptom worsening, prevent risk periods, and evaluate treatment efficacy in those disorders. Thus, we have conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature to find any original study using actigraphic monitoring to investigate activity and sleep patterns in patients affected by any type of anxiety disorder according to the definition of the DSM-5. We found only six studies fulfilling these criteria. Three studies report significant findings in patients suffering from anxiety disorders. Overall, the samples and methods are heterogeneous. Although the authors support the interest of actigraphic monitoring in anxiety disorders, the evidence to date is very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Lopez-Castroman
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France.,Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedical en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Liashchenko YV, Yuryeva LM. The influence of the sleep disturbances on the quality of patients` life with anxiety-depressive disorders of neurotic and organic genesis. 18 2021. [DOI: 10.26565/2312-5675-2021-18-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The patients with anxiety-depressive disorders often complain about sleep disturbance. It is due to the high comorbidity of given disorders. They can mutually worsen the duration of each other, complicate the process of treatment and increase the risk of relapse further. Besides, sleep disorders can be preserved even after the compensation of the main disease, that can influence on the quality of life and patient`s social functioning. The goal of the actual research is the learning of the influence of the sleep disorders on the quality of life and patients` social functioning with anxiety-depressive disorders of neurotic and organic genesis. For achievement of the set goal it was explored 120 patients with anxiety-depressive disorders, who were divided into 4 groups depending on the genesis of the disease and the method of medical influence. The research was done with the help of clinic- psychopathology method, adding with Pittsburg index of the quality of the (PSQI), integrative index of the quality of life J Mezzich (the dyad of the patient and the doctor), methods of describing and analytical statistic. As a result of made research, the reverse correlation connections were detected between the sleep disorders and the indexes of the quality of the patient`s life. These connections were observed during the treatment. It was determined, that the combined treatment was the most effective, directed to the therapy of the main disease and directly the correction of the sleep of the patients with anxiety-depressive disorders of neurotic and organic genesis, in comparison with the patients who had a treatment of the main disease. Thus, especial attention must be paid to the correction of insomnia in the treatment of anxiety-depressive disorders with sleep disturbance.
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16
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Gillett G, Watson G, Saunders KE, McGowan NM. Sleep and circadian rhythm actigraphy measures, mood instability and impulsivity: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:66-79. [PMID: 34601378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The normal spectrum trait measures of mood instability and impulsivity are implicated in and comprise core symptoms of several psychiatric disorders. A bidirectional relationship between these traits and sleep disturbance and circadian rhythm dysfunction has been hypothesised, although has not been systematically assessed using objective measures in naturalistic settings. We systematically reviewed the literature following PRISMA guidelines, according to a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD 42018108213). Peer-reviewed quantitative studies assessing an association between actigraphic variables and any measure of mood instability or impulsivity in participants aged 12-65 years old were included. Studies were critically appraised using the AXIS tool. Twenty-three articles were retained for inclusion. There was significant heterogeneity in the selection and reporting of actigraphic variables and metrics of mood instability and impulsivity. We identified emerging evidence of a positive association between circadian rest-activity pattern disturbance and delayed sleep timing with both mood instability and impulsivity. Evidence for an association with sleep duration, sleep efficiency or sleep quality was inconsistent. Future research should focus on longitudinal intra-individual associations to establish the directionality between these measures and may lead to the development of chronotherapeutic interventions for a number of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gillett
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
| | - Gareth Watson
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Ea Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Niall M McGowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
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17
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Etain B, Krane-Gartiser K, Hennion V, Meyrel M, Scott J. Do self-ratings of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index reflect actigraphy recordings of sleep quality or variability? An exploratory study of bipolar disorders versus healthy controls. J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13507. [PMID: 34664340 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are typical symptoms of acute episodes of bipolar disorder (BD) and differentiate euthymic BD cases from healthy controls (HC). Researchers often employ objective recordings to evaluate sleep patterns, such as actigraphy, whilst clinicians often use subjective ratings, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). As evidence suggests the measures may disagree, we decided to compare subjective (PSQI) and objective (3 weeks of actigraphy) sleep profiles in BD cases and HC (n = 154). We examined whether a dimensional approach helps to illustrate different patterns of sleep disturbances and whether the concordance between subjective and objective recordings varies according to clinical status (BD versus HC). Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two factors from the PSQI, and separate PCAs of actigraphy recordings extracted two factors for mean values of sleep parameters and one factor for intra-individual variability. Correlational and linear regression analyses of PCA-derived dimensions demonstrated that, in both BD and HC, a PSQI "Sleep duration-efficiency" factor was significantly correlated with an actigraphy "Sleep initiation-duration" factor. Furthermore, in BD cases only, the PSQI total score and a PSQI "Sleep Impairments" factor were each significantly correlated with an actigraphy "Sleep Variability" factor. Overall, we found that subjective experiences of sleep may be modulated by different components of objectively recorded sleep in BD compared with HC. Also, the use of PCA enabled us to consider the multi-dimensional nature of subjective sleep, whilst the inclusion of intra-individual sleep variability afforded a more subtle evaluation of objective sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Etain
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Karoline Krane-Gartiser
- Department of Mental Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vincent Hennion
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Paris, France
| | - Manon Meyrel
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Paris, France
| | - Jan Scott
- Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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18
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Barroso SM, Sousa KCR. Neurocognitive Disorder and Emotional Symptoms in HIV+ Brazilian Elderly: Influence of Gender, Income, Diet, and Sleep. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:721029. [PMID: 34594195 PMCID: PMC8477800 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.721029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and symptoms of anxiety and depression in HIV+ Brazilian elderly on antiretroviral treatments. The study included 112 HIV+ elderly who completed a questionnaire, tests for cognitive screening, attention, problem solving, processing speed, visual perception, memory, and anxiety and depression scales. The results showed presence of HAND (89.3%), pathological anxiety (48.2%) and depression (58%) in the sample. Higher income was a protective factor for HAND (OR = 0.33). Waking up well-rested (OR = 0.63) and better diet quality (OR = 0.62) reduced the chance of pathological anxiety. Higher education (OR = 0.74) and waking up well-rested (OR = 0.61) reduced the chance of depression. Being female (OR = 7.73) increased the chance of depression. It can be concluded that it is important to evaluate cognitive and emotional aspects of HIV+ elders and to consider social and educational status, diet, and sleep in interventions, paying special attention to elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Martins Barroso
- Psychological Assessment and Health Investigations Center, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Ramira Sousa
- Psychological Assessment and Health Investigations Center, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
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19
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Zhang J, Ten Brink M, Kreibig SD, Gilam G, Goldin PR, Manber R, Mackey S, Gross JJ. Individual differences in perceived sleep quality do not predict negative affect reactivity or regulation. Biol Psychol 2021; 164:108149. [PMID: 34284070 PMCID: PMC8429113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Do people who have low-quality sleep tend to have more negative affect? This question is of great public interest, and many would assume the answer is "yes." However, previous findings have been mixed, possibly due to differing measures of sleep and affect, or to a failure to separately examine negative affect reactivity and regulation. Across two studies, we assessed adults' perceived sleep quality for at least two weeks and tested their negative affect reactivity and regulation in response to unpleasant pictures (Study 1) or painful thermal stimulation (Study 2) using both self-report and physiological measures. The relationships between perceived sleep quality, on the one hand, and negative affect reactivity and regulation, on the other, were non-significant. Furthermore, a Bayesian approach unanimously favored the null hypothesis. These results suggest that individual differences in perceived sleep quality may not predict negative affect reactivity or regulation across adult individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiao Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, United States.
| | - Maia Ten Brink
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, United States
| | | | - Gadi Gilam
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, United States
| | - Philippe R Goldin
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Rachel Manber
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, United States
| | - Sean Mackey
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, United States
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, United States
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20
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Hu XM, Wei WT, Huang DY, Lin CD, Lu F, Li XM, Liao HS, Yu ZH, Weng XP, Wang SB, Hou CL, Jia FJ. The Assessment of Sleep Quality in Patients Following Valve Repair and Valve Replacement for Infective Endocarditis: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930596. [PMID: 34433799 PMCID: PMC8406810 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to measure sleep quality among patients who underwent infective endocarditis (IE) surgery and identify the risk factors involved in sleep disorders. Material/Methods In this study, we used actigraphy, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleep Scale (ESS) to determine the clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in 116 patients with IE who were in rehabilitation after surgery. Results Our results showed that 46 (39.7%) patients had sleep efficiency over 85%, while 70 (60.3%) patients had sleep efficiency below 85%. The correlation analysis showed that sleep efficiency was related to the duration of the disease, with a longer duration leading to lower sleep efficiency (P=0.031). The sleep efficiency of patients with IE following surgery was also affected by alcohol consumption; however, surprisingly, patients with “heavy” alcohol consumption had higher sleep efficiency (P=0.030). We found a significant correlation between sleep efficiency and postoperative interleukin-6 (IL) levels, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between brain natriuretic peptide levels and sleep efficiency, PSQI score, or ESS score. Postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) level was associated with sleep efficiency (R=0.194, P=0.036), but there was no statistically significant correlation between the PSQI and ESS scores. Postoperative alanine transaminase (ALT) showed a significant negative correlation with sleep efficiency (R=−0.27, P=0.003). Conclusions We found a high prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with IE along with an increase in inflammatory factors, including postoperative IL-6, CRP, ALT, and Hb levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ming Hu
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - De-Yi Huang
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Cai-Di Lin
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Fen Lu
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Huo-Sheng Liao
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Hong Yu
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Ping Weng
- Department of Comprehensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Cai-Lan Hou
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Fu-Jun Jia
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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21
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Arora T, Barbato M, Al Hemeiri S, Omar OM, AlJassmi MA. A mysterious sensation about sleep and health: the role of interoception. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1584. [PMID: 34425779 PMCID: PMC8381551 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interoception is mental awareness, recognition and acknowledgement of physiological body signals. Understanding the role of sleep and interoception may provide a better understanding surrounding the sleep-health connection. Our primary objective was to examine the potential relationships between subjective sleep quality and multiple dimensions of interoceptive abilities in a large sample of young adults, a group who are vulnerable to sleep impairment and its widespread health consequences. Methods We conducted an online cross-sectional survey targeting young adults, aged 18–25 years. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to identify subjective sleep quality and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Version 2 was used to assess eight domains of interoception. We conducted a series of Spearman’s bivariate correlations to assess the relationships between global sleep quality as well as the seven PSQI sub-components in relation to the eight interoception outcomes. We then conducted quantile regression to assess if global PSQI score was an independent predictor of interoception. Participants (n = 609) consented and provided data. Results After adjustment, the global PSQI was a significant predictor of ‘Non-Distracting’, ‘Emotional Awareness’ and ‘Trusting’, where β = − 0.10 (95% CI: − 0.14, − 0.07), β = 0.05 (0.01, 0.09), and β = − 0.10 (− 0.14, − 0.05), respectively. Conclusions Our findings reveal a small, significant relationship between sleep quality and interoceptive abilities amongst young adults. Sleep impairment may inhibit interoceptive skills, thus adding value to the mechanistic explanation of the sleep-health relationship. Experimental and prospective studies are needed to determine temporal associations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11603-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Arora
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 144534, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mariapaola Barbato
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Omar M Omar
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam A AlJassmi
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 144534, United Arab Emirates
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22
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Gao L, Xie J, Huang T, Shang Y, Gao Z. Effects of mindfulness decompression therapy combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation in generalized anxiety disorder. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:6827-6836. [PMID: 34306433 PMCID: PMC8290819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical effects of mindfulness decompression therapy combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation in generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS In the present prospective study, ninety-two patients with generalized anxiety disorder were randomly divided into two groups, with 46 cases in each group. On the basis of drug treatment, patients in the control group received transcranial magnetic stimulation, and patients in the research group were treated with mindfulness decompression therapy combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation. The total effective rate, anxiety degree (evaluated by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score), severity of condition (evaluated by the clinical global impression (CGI) score), comfort degree score (Psychology, physiology, environment, social culture), neuroelectrophysiological parameters and sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) factors) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. RESULTS After treatment, the research group had higher total effective rate than that of the control group (P<0.05); the HAMA score and CGI score of two groups were both decreased, and the research group decreased much more than the control group (P<0.05); mismatch negativity (MMN) latency, target N2 latency and target P3 latency of two groups were all decreased, MMN amplitude and none-target P2 amplitude were both increased, and the research group improved much more than the control group (P<0.05); the scores of social comfort, environmental comfort, physiological comfort and psychological comfort of two groups were all increased, and the corresponding scores of the research group were all higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); PSQI scores of two groups were all decreased, and the research group had lower PSQI scores than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Mindfulness decompression therapy combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation effectively relieve anxiety symptoms and improve comfort degree and sleep quality in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Gao
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yushan Shang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhihan Gao
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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23
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Disrupted frontostriatal connectivity in primary insomnia: a DTI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2524-2531. [PMID: 33651331 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the sleep-wake transition is considered to be associated with the pathology of patients with primary insomnia (PI). Previous animal study had reported that brain circuits between the striatum and cortex can regulate sleep-wake transitions. So far, few studies have systematically explored the structural connectivity of the striatum-centered circuits and their potential roles in patients with PI. In this study, we chosen the striatum as the seed and 10 priori target regions as masks to assess the structural connectivity by using seed-based classification with a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) probabilistic tractography method. Track strengths of the striatum-centered circuits were compared between 22 patients with PI (41.27 ± 9.21 years) and 30 healthy controls (HC) (35.2 ± 8.14 years). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure the sleep quality in all participants. Lower track strengths (left striatum- anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left striatum- dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), left striatum-Hippocampus, and right striatum-Hippocampus) were observed in patients with PI compared to HC. Additionally, the lower track strengths of brain circuits mentioned above were negatively correlated with PSQI. Taken together, our findings revealed the lower tract strength of frontostriatal circuits in patients with PI and HC, which provided the implications of the system-level structural connections of frontostriatal circuits in the pathology of PI. We suggested that the track strengths of the frontostriatal circuits calculated from DTI can be the potential neuroimaging biomarkers of the sleep quality in patients with PI.
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Kirschbaum-Lesch I, Holtmann M, Legenbauer T. Deficits in Emotion Regulation Partly Mediate the Relation Between Sleep Problems and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescent Inpatients With Depression. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:622833. [PMID: 34122162 PMCID: PMC8195336 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.622833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep problems are a risk factor for the development of depressive disorders and influence the severity and treatment of depressive symptoms negatively. To enhance treatment for depression in young people, it is important to advance the understanding of the relationship between sleep problems and depressive symptoms. Since deficits in emotion regulation are discussed as possible underlying mechanisms, the present study investigated the mediating effect of maladaptive and adaptive strategies for emotion regulation on the association between sleep problems and depressive symptoms. Emotion regulation strategies, depression and sleep quality were assessed via self-report in a large clinical sample of 602 adolescents (age 13-18 years) who reported clinically relevant symptoms of depression. The questionnaires were assessed at admission for inpatient psychiatric treatment. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed. There was a significant partial mediation effect (β = 0.554, p < 0.001, R 2 = 0.527), indicating that sleep problems influenced depressive symptoms via the decreased use of adaptive strategies and the increased use of maladaptive strategies. Additionally, a direct effect of sleep problems on depressive symptoms emerged (β = 0.251, p < 0.001, R 2 = 0.364). This cross-sectional study provides first indications that additional treatment modules focusing on sleep and ER skills in prevention and treatment programs for adolescents would be important steps. Longitudinal studies are needed to substantiate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inken Kirschbaum-Lesch
- LWL-University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Hamm, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Holtmann
- LWL-University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Hamm, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tanja Legenbauer
- LWL-University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Hamm, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Kumar N, Gupta R, Kumar H, Mehta S, Rajan R, Kumar D, Kandadai RM, Desai S, Wadia P, Basu P, Mondal B, Juneja S, Rawat A, Meka SS, Mishal B, Prashanth LK, Srivastava AK, Goyal V. Impact of home confinement during COVID-19 pandemic on sleep parameters in Parkinson's disease. Sleep Med 2020; 77:15-22. [PMID: 33302094 PMCID: PMC7682933 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Literature shows that home confinement during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected sleep. However, such information regarding subjects having Parkinson's disease (PD) is unavailable. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire, developed and validated by experts. PD subjects from nine centers across India were included. Questionnaire assessed presence as well as change in sleep-related parameters and PD symptoms during home confinement. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and REM sleep behavior disorder (REMBD) was diagnosed using validated questionnaire. Additionally, changes in physical activity, adoption of new hobbies during home confinement and perceived quality of life were assessed. Results Of 832 subjects, 35.4% reported sleep disturbances. New-onset/worsening of sleep disturbances (NOWS) was reported by 23.9% subjects. Among those with sleep disturbances (n = 295), insomnia symptoms worsened in half (51.5%) and nearly one-fourth reported worsening of RLS (24.7%) and REMBD (22.7%) each. NOWS was common in subjects lacking adequate family support during home confinement (P = 0.03); home confinement > 60 days (P = 0.05) and duration of PD > 7 years (P = 0.008). Contrarily, physical activity >1 h/day and engagement in new hobbies during home confinement were associated with better sleep. NOWS was associated with worsening of motor as well as non-motor symptoms of PD (P < 0.001) and poorer life quality (P < 0.001). Conclusion Home confinement during COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with NOWS among PD subjects. NOWS was associated with global worsening of PD symptoms and poorer life quality. Physical activity >1 h/day and adoption of new hobbies during home confinement were associated with better sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- Dept. of Neurology and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | | | - Sahil Mehta
- Dept. of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Roopa Rajan
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deva Kumar
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Vikram Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Soaham Desai
- Dept. of Neurology, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Anand, India
| | | | - Purba Basu
- Dept. of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sanchita Juneja
- Dept. of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Rawat
- Dept. of Neurology and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | | | | | - L K Prashanth
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Vikram Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Vinay Goyal
- Dept. of Neurology, Medanta Hospital, Gurugram, India
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Waldeck D, Banerjee M, Jenks R, Tyndall I. Cognitive arousal mediates the relationship between perceived ostracism and sleep quality but it is not moderated by experiential avoidance. Stress Health 2020; 36:487-495. [PMID: 32314874 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that longer-term perceived ostracism is related to poor sleep quality. In this study, we investigated the mediating effect of cognitive arousal on the perceived ostracism-sleep quality relationship. We also investigated whether experiential avoidance was a moderator of the cognitive arousal-sleep quality relationship. Participants (N = 251) were recruited through online research portals to take part in an online survey. A path analysis was used to test a moderated mediation effect between variables. It was found that cognitive arousal mediated the perceived ostracism-sleep quality relationship; however, experiential avoidance was not a significant moderator. These findings suggest that further research needs to be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of experiential avoidance to account for when it may impact sleep quality. Moreover, treatment interventions targeted at reducing cognitive arousal (e.g., cognitive behavioural therapy) prior to sleep are likely to bear some fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Waldeck
- Department of Psychology, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Moitree Banerjee
- Department of Psychology, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK
| | - Rebecca Jenks
- Department of Psychology, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Ian Tyndall
- Department of Psychology, University of Chichester, Chichester, UK
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Carrillo-Mora P, Pérez-De la Cruz V, Estrada-Cortés B, Toussaint-González P, Martínez-Cortéz JA, Rodríguez-Barragán M, Quinzaños-Fresnedo J, Rangel-Caballero F, Gamboa-Coria G, Sánchez-Vázquez I, Barajas-Martínez K, Franyutti-Prado K, Sánchez-Chapul L, Ramírez-Ortega D, Ramos-Chávez LA. Serum Kynurenines Correlate With Depressive Symptoms and Disability in Poststroke Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:936-944. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968320953671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Poststroke depression (PSD) is related to adverse functional and cognitive prognosis in stroke patients. The participation of kynurenine pathway metabolites in depression has been previously proposed; however, there are few studies on its role in PSD and disability in stroke. Objective To investigate if there is a correlation between serum kynurenines levels with poststroke anxiety and depression symptoms and disability scales. Methods A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted in patients with first stroke, of >1 month and <1 year of evolution, with no history of previous psychiatric or neurological disorders; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), functional evaluations (Barthel index, Functional Independence Measure [FIM]) were applied and serum kynurenines (Kyns) were determined. Results Sixty patients were included; significant depressive symptoms were found in 63% of the cases; a significant and positive correlation was obtained between levels of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) with HADS-T ( r = 0.30, P = .025) and HADS-D ( r = 0.28, P = .039). Depressed patients showed significantly higher levels of 3HK ( P = .048) and KYNA ( P = .0271) than nondepressed patients; the 3HK levels were inversely correlated with functional scales: Barthel index ( r = −0.31, P = .02), FIM ( r = −0.40, P = .01); in addition, serum 3HK levels were significantly higher in patients with poor sleep quality ( P = .0190). Conclusions Serum Kyns show correlation with the presence and severity of depressive symptoms and with the disability and sleep quality. Kyns may be a potential marker of depression risk and disability in stroke in future.
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Liu X, Peng X, Peng P, Li L, Lei X, Yu J. The age differences of sleep disruption on mood states and memory performance. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1444-1451. [PMID: 30983375 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1603286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: In the present study, we explored the age differences of mood states and memory performance between younger and older adults after one night of sleep disruption.Method: Twenty-nine younger adults and 30 older adults completed mood states assessments and memory tasks before and after sleep disruption. Participants' sleep was disrupted by periodical phone calls once per hour. Sleep parameters of baseline sleep and disrupted sleep were recorded by actigraphy.Results: Regarding the mood states, older adults were less affected than younger adults, more tolerant of sleep disruption. With respect to memory, younger adults showed increased memory performance after nocturnal sleep, even if this sleep was disrupted. In contrast, older adults' sleep-related memory consolidation was impaired.Conclusion: Periodic sleep disruption for one night resulted in impaired function of older adults' sleep-related memory consolidation and younger adults' mood states. These findings shed light on the understanding of sleep function on memory and emotion. Specifically, sleep disruption might be one of the reasons for older adults' memory decline and it might also be one of the causes for younger adults' emotion disorders. Further investigations on the relationship between sleep disruption, cognitive performance and emotional well-being are needed to find potential ways to prevent and treat the sleep-related neuropsychological impairments in both younger and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerui Peng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lili Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Jiang J, Li Y, Mao Z, Wang F, Huo W, Liu R, Zhang H, Tian Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Tu R, Qian X, Liu X, Luo Z, Bie R, Wang C. Abnormal night sleep duration and poor sleep quality are independently and combinedly associated with elevated depressive symptoms in Chinese rural adults: Henan Rural Cohort. Sleep Med 2020; 70:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Goldstein-Piekarski AN, Holt-Gosselin B, O'Hora K, Williams LM. Integrating sleep, neuroimaging, and computational approaches for precision psychiatry. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:192-204. [PMID: 31426055 PMCID: PMC6879628 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In advancing precision psychiatry, we focus on what imaging technology and computational approaches offer for the future of diagnostic subtyping and personalized tailoring of interventions for sleep impairment in mood and anxiety disorders. Current diagnostic criteria for mood and anxiety tend to lump different forms of sleep disturbance together. Parsing the biological features of sleep impairment and brain circuit dysfunction is one approach to identifying subtypes within these disorders that are mechanistically coherent and offer targets for intervention. We focus on two large-scale neural circuits implicated in sleep impairment and in mood and anxiety disorders: the default mode network and negative affective network. Through a synthesis of existing knowledge about these networks, we pose a testable framework for understanding how hyper- versus hypo-engagement of these networks may underlie distinct features of mood and sleep impairment. Within this framework we consider whether poor sleep quality may have an explanatory role in previously observed associations between network dysfunction and mood symptoms. We expand this framework to future directions including the potential for connecting circuit-defined subtypes to more distal features derived from digital phenotyping and wearable technologies, and how new discovery may be advanced through machine learning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Goldstein-Piekarski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Bailey Holt-Gosselin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kathleen O'Hora
- Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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31
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Juelich J, Lindseth G, Petros TV. The effects of sleep on neurobehavioral outcomes. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2019; 33:51-57. [PMID: 31711594 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janell Juelich
- 430 Oxford St, Stop 9025, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025, United States of America.
| | - Glenda Lindseth
- 430 Oxford St, Stop 9025, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025, United States of America.
| | - Thomas V Petros
- 430 Oxford St, Stop 9025, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025, United States of America.
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Cox RC, Olatunji BO. Differential associations between chronotype, anxiety, and negative affect: A structural equation modeling approach. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:321-330. [PMID: 31302521 PMCID: PMC6711779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence implicates circadian rhythms, including chronotype, in anxiety symptoms and disorders. However, it remains unclear whether this relation is accounted for by sleep disturbance. Likewise, given overlap between anxiety and negative affect, a unique link between chronotype and anxiety remains to be established. The present study addressed these questions using a multimethod approach to determine whether there is a unique relation between chronotype and anxiety symptoms, controlling for sleep disturbance. METHODS Indicators of chronotype, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and negative affect were collected in a sample of adults (N = 151) using a combination of subjective and behavioral measures both within and outside the laboratory over a 9-day period. Structural equation modeling was used to examine associations between latent constructs. RESULTS Results revealed significant associations between sleep disturbance and both anxiety and negative affect. A significant association was found between chronotype and anxiety, over and above the effect of sleep disturbance. In contrast, the relation between chronotype and negative affect was nonsignificant after controlling for sleep disturbance. LIMITATIONS Unselected sample, lack of experimental manipulation, cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a unique role of chronotype in anxiety and point to circadian disruption as a potential biological mechanism in anxiety-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C. Cox
- Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Rebecca Cox, Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 301 Wilson Hall, 111 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240,
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Short NA, Boffa JW, Wissemann K, Schmidt NB. Insomnia symptoms predict the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms following an experimental trauma. J Sleep Res 2019; 29:e12909. [PMID: 31569285 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia symptoms prior to traumatic event exposure predict the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms. However, potential mechanisms underlying the association between insomnia and risk for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms have not been prospectively tested. The current study used the trauma film paradigm to test whether insomnia symptoms prior to analogue trauma exposure predict subsequent analogue post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and potential mediators of this relationship, among an at-risk sample of 108 participants. Results indicated that, after covarying for negative affectivity, insomnia symptoms in the 2 weeks prior to analogue trauma exposure significantly predicted increased post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms 3 days and 1 week post-exposure. Moreover, distress immediately after exposure and post-traumatic avoidance mediated the association between insomnia symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms 1 week after exposure. Effect sizes were small. The current study uses an analogue trauma and analogue post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms to model clinical symptoms, includes an additional intervention prior to analogue trauma, and lacks a control film. Findings suggest increased reactivity to trauma exposure and subsequent reminders, and attempts to suppress trauma memories may be mechanisms in the association between insomnia symptoms and risk for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Short
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Joseph W Boffa
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Karl Wissemann
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Norman B Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Emotional Effects of the Duration, Efficiency, and Subjective Quality of Sleep in Healthcare Personnel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193512. [PMID: 31547148 PMCID: PMC6801974 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Considering that both sleep quality and duration are linked to psychological variables, this study analyzed the relationships between sleep components and emotional intelligence and the effects that sleep duration has on stress management and mood in a sample of nurses. The sample was made up of 1073 professionals. Data were collected by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Senior Citizens. The results showed that the components of sleep quality were negatively related to stress management and mood. Furthermore, nurses who had short sleep patterns also had low moods and high stress levels. This study emphasizes the importance of subjective sleep quality as a necessary resource for professionals to manage stressful situations and mood and improve their relations with their patients and with each other.
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McEvoy KM, Rayapati D, Washington Cole KO, Erdly C, Payne JL, Osborne LM. Poor Postpartum Sleep Quality Predicts Subsequent Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in a High-Risk Sample. J Clin Sleep Med 2019; 15:1303-1310. [PMID: 31538601 PMCID: PMC6760397 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs in 15% to 20% of mothers worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes for mother and child. Prior research has established a relationship between concurrent sleep quality and PPD. We conducted a secondary analysis in 45 women with mood disorders to study overall sleep quality (and individual components of sleep), measured in the early postpartum period, as a predictor of subsequent PPD. METHODS We measured sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; subscale and total scores) at 1 month postpartum (and during the third trimester). We measured depressive symptoms using the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms, Self-Report (IDS-SR) at 3 months postpartum. We used bivariate and multivariate linear regression models to study the association between PSQI and IDS scores. RESULTS We found that higher global PSQI scores as well as higher component scores for self-reported sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep medication usage, and daytime dysfunction, measured 1 month postpartum, were associated with increased IDS scores (at 3 months postpartum (P = .01, .01, .01, .003, < .001, respectively). We did not find an association between poor sleep quality in the third trimester and PPD. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality in the early postpartum period independently predicts development of later PPD. This is clinically significant and highlights the importance of sleep interventions as an immediate postpartum therapeutic tool. CITATION McEvoy KM, Rayapati D, Washington Cole KO, Erdly C, Payne JL, Osborne LM. Poor postpartum sleep quality predicts subsequent postpartum depressive symptoms in a high-risk sample. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019;15(9):1303-1310.
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36
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Yin H, Zhang L, Li D, Xiao L, Cheng M. The gray matter volume of the right insula mediates the relationship between symptoms of depression/anxiety and sleep quality among college students. J Health Psychol 2019; 26:1073-1084. [PMID: 31411064 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319869977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the neuroanatomical basis of the association between depression/anxiety and sleep quality among 370 college students. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and depression/anxiety. Moreover, mediation results showed that the gray matter volume of the right insula mediated the relationship between depression/anxiety and sleep quality, which suggested that depression/anxiety may affect sleep quality through the right insula volume. These findings confirmed a strong link between sleep quality and depression/anxiety, while highlighting the volumetric variation in the right insula associated with emotional processing, which may play a critical role in improving sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhan Yin
- School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Academic Research, Army Medical University, China
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37
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Liu J, Cai W, Zhao M, Cai W, Sui F, Hou W, Wang H, Yu D, Yuan K. Reduced resting-state functional connectivity and sleep impairment in abstinent male alcohol-dependent patients. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4941-4951. [PMID: 31379038 PMCID: PMC6865575 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is associated with poor sleep quality, which has both been implicated with thalamocortical circuits function. To identify the possible roles of these circuits in the alcohol-sleep association, we investigated the volume of both left and right thalamus and corresponding resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) differences between 15 alcohol-dependent patients (AD) and 15 healthy controls (HC) male participants. The neuroimaging findings were then correlated with clinical variables, that is, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additionally, mediation analysis was carried out to test whether the thalamocortical RSFC mediates the relationship between drinking behavior and sleep impairments in AD when applicable. We observed a significant positive correlation between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. Compared with HC, AD showed reduced RSFC between the left thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and right caudate. We also observed a negative correlation between RSFC of the left thalamus-mPFC and PSQI score in AD. More importantly, the left thalamus-mPFC RSFC strength mediated the relationship between AUDIT score and PSQI score in AD. No significant difference was detected in the normalized volume of both left and right thalamus, and volumes were not significantly correlated with clinical variables. Our results demonstrate that AD show abnormal interactions within thalamocortical circuits in association with drinking behaviors and sleep impairments. It is hoped that our study focusing on thalamocortical circuits could provide new information on potential novel therapeutic targets for treatment of sleep impairment in alcohol-dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanye Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Cai
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolian, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Sui
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbao Hou
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongde Wang
- Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahua Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing, School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
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Fitzgerald JM, Klumpp H, Langenecker S, Phan KL. Transdiagnostic neural correlates of volitional emotion regulation in anxiety and depression. Depress Anxiety 2019; 36:453-464. [PMID: 30408261 PMCID: PMC6488387 DOI: 10.1002/da.22859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who suffer from anxiety and/or depression face difficulty in adaptively managing emotional responses, while accumulating evidence suggests impaired emotion regulation is a transdiagnostic feature of psychopathology. Effectual regulation in the context of negative stimuli is characterized by engagement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) coupled with reduced amygdala reactivity. In anxiety disorders and major depression, PFC underengagement and atypical PFC-amygdala connectivity has been observed, although patient findings based on case-control studies have been mixed with regard to magnitude, locality, and extent of dysfunction. As anxiety disorders and major depression are heterogeneous disorders and frequently comorbid with one another, delineating relationships between reappraise-related substrates and symptoms may advance our understanding of emotion dysregulation in these populations. METHODS We examined PFC activation and its functional connectivity (FC) to the amygdala using functional magnetic resonance imaging in a large sample of patients (N = 174) with primary generalized anxiety disorder (n = 47), social anxiety disorder (n = 78), or major depressive disorder (n = 49) during a reappraisal-based emotion regulation task. Comorbidity was permitted and the majority of participants had a concurrent psychiatric illnesses. RESULTS Across participants, whole-brain results showed that (1) greater anxiety and depression symptom severity was related to less engagement of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and (2) less FC between the amygdala and ventrolateral PFC. Results were driven by anxiety, while depression symptoms were not significant. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that individual differences in anxiety and depression may help explain ACC and PFC dysfunction during emotion regulation observed across anxiety and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heide Klumpp
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL,University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL
| | - Scott Langenecker
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL,University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL
| | - K. Luan Phan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL,University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL,University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Chicago, IL
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39
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Tabei SZ, Ehrampoush MH, Mahmoodabad SSM, Fallahzadeh H, Nami M, Zare A, Ardian N, Nourimand F, Sedighe F. The effect of willpower workshop on anxiety, depression, and the excitement components in the students of Shiraz university of medical sciences. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:741-747. [PMID: 30984706 PMCID: PMC6436314 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_406_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of willpower workshop on anxiety, depression, and the Granovsky excitement components among the students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2016--2017. Materials and Methods: Students (140) were selected by the simple random sampling method and allocated into two equal groups of intervention (willing) and control, each of 52 individuals. Data collection instruments were the Garnefski cognitive emotion regulation scale and the Beck depression and anxiety inventories. The data were collected twice, before intervention and after the intervention (9 months after the study completion and holding the workshops). The control subjects received no intervention but were interviewed every 3 months. Results: The results of the current study indicated no significant differences in demographic variables and pretest scores between the groups, which indicate the homogeneity of the groups. In other words, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding demographic characteristics before the intervention (P > 0.05). In addition, to compare the intervention and control groups, the Mann--Whitney U test was used and the results showed a significant difference in posttest results between the study groups (P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results of each group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Results of the current study indicated that training the stress, coping and willpower strengthening skills, based on the Granovsky excitement components, could promote psychophysical health and reduce anxiety and stress among the studied students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ziaeddin Tabei
- Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Prevention and Epidemiology of Non- Communicable Disease Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zare
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Ardian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Nourimand
- Vali Asr Educational Hospital, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Forouhari Sedighe
- Infertility Research Center, Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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40
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Farris SG, Matsko SV, Uebelacker LA, Brown RA, Price LH, Abrantes AM. Anxiety sensitivity and daily cigarette smoking in relation to sleep disturbances in treatment-seeking smokers. Cogn Behav Ther 2019; 49:137-148. [PMID: 30947621 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2019.1583277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the association between anxiety and sleep disturbance is well-documented, the underlying mechanisms are less clear. Anxiety sensitivity (AS), the fear of physiological arousal and bodily sensations, is a risk factor for anxiety and poor sleep. Smoking also contributes to poor sleep and may compound the effects of AS on sleep quality. This study evaluated the main and interactive effects of AS and cigarettes/day on sleep quality among smokers. Participants (n = 190) were adult treatment-seeking daily smokers who completed a baseline assessment as part of a larger smoking cessation trial. Sleep quality was self-reported. Results indicated that AS was significantly correlated with greater disturbance in sleep duration, subjective sleep quality, sleep onset latency, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction, and sleep medication use. There was a significant interaction between AS and cigarettes/day in terms of sleep onset latency, but not other sleep quality indices. AS was associated with significantly longer sleep onset latency minutes among heavier smokers, but not lighter smokers. Specifically, the association between AS and sleep onset latency was significant for those who smoked ≥ 33 cigarettes/day. AS is a psychological factor that may contribute to poor sleep quality, especially in heavy smokers, and thus may be a promising intervention target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha G Farris
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Stephen V Matsko
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisa A Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Richard A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lawrence H Price
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ana M Abrantes
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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41
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Dai C, Qiu H, Huang Q, Hu P, Hong X, Tu J, Xie Q, Li H, Ren W, Ni S, Chen F. The effect of night shift on sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:435-440. [PMID: 30799922 PMCID: PMC6369837 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s190689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Night shift is associated with adverse physical and psychological health outcomes such as poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms. We aimed to compare sleep quality as well as depressive symptoms in nurses working night shifts to those working day shifts only and explore the association between sleep quality and depressive symptoms among nurses. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eight hundred sixty-five nurses were enrolled in the current study. Sleep quality and depressive symptoms among nurses were evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depressive Disorders Rating Scale (HADS), respectively. RESULTS PSQI and HADS scores were both significantly higher in the nurses working night shifts (P<0.05) than in those working day shifts only. Besides, there was a positive correlation between PSQI and HADS scores. Binary logistic regression showed that night shift and poor sleep quality were independent risk factors of depressive symptoms among nurses. CONCLUSION Higher rates of depression among Chinese nurses working night shifts may be associated with poor sleep quality induced by night shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijun Dai
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China,
| | - Huihua Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qiqi Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Pinglang Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xianchai Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Junwei Tu
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China,
| | - Qiangli Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wenwei Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shuhong Ni
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China,
| | - Fujian Chen
- Anji County People's Hospital, Huzhou 313300, China,
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42
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Sørlie T, Hansen KL, Friborg O. Do Norwegian Sami and non-indigenous individuals understand questions about mental health similarly? A SAMINOR 2 study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2018; 77:1481325. [PMID: 29869591 PMCID: PMC5990933 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2018.1481325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Western culturally developed Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10) is a self-report measure of mental distress widely used for both clinical and epidemiological purposes - also in the multiethnic epidemiological SAMINOR studies in Northern Norway, but without any proper cross-cultural validation. Our objective was to test invariance of the HSCL-10 measurements among Sami and the non-indigenous majority population in Northern Norway (participants in the SAMINOR 2 study) and whether the previously used HSCL-10 cut-off level (1.85) fits the Sami subgroups in the study. Participants belonged to Sami core, Sami affiliation, Sami background or majority Norwegian groups. The confirmatory factor analysis framework adapted for testing of measurement invariance showed no significant measurement invariance between the groups indicating that the HSCL-10 response scale predominantly was used in the same way and that significantly different meanings were not ascribed to the same set of questions. The cut-off criteria of 1.85 as indicative of psychological distress based on Norwegian data equal a score of 1.89, 1.94 and 1.91 in the Sami core, Sami affiliation and Sami background groups, respectively. Thus, the same cut-off criterion 1.85 may be safely used in all groups. However, one should still be looking for culture-specific expressions of mental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Sørlie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Mental Health and Addictions, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ketil Lenert Hansen
- Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, RKBU North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Friborg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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43
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Kim T, Nam GE, Han B, Cho SJ, Kim J, Eum DH, Lee SW, Min SH, Lee W, Han K, Park YG. Associations of mental health and sleep duration with menstrual cycle irregularity: a population-based study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018; 21:619-626. [PMID: 29909508 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-018-0872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether the characteristics of mental health and sleep duration, alone or in combination, are associated with menstrual cycle irregularity. This population-based, cross-sectional study analyzed the data from 4445 women aged 19-49 years, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012. A structured questionnaire was used to assess mental health characteristics, sleep duration, and menstrual cycle irregularity. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. High stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation were associated with increased risk of menstrual cycle irregularity after adjusting for confounding variables (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.33 [1.07-1.65], 1.56 [1.17-2.07], and 1.37 [1.01-1.87], respectively). Short sleep duration (≤ 5 h a day) was significantly associated with higher odds of severe menstrual cycle irregularity with menstrual interval of greater than 3 months (2.67 [1.35-5.27]). Participants with sleep duration of ≤ 5 h a day with psychological stress, depressive mood, or suicidal ideation had higher odds of menstrual cycle irregularity (1.96 [1.26-3.05], 2.86 [1.50-5.44], and 2.25 [1.18-4.29]). This study suggests positive associations of mental health problems and short sleep duration with menstrual cycle irregularity among Korean female adults. Therefore, strategies to deal with psychological stress, depressive mood, and sleep duration are needed for improving the reproductive health of women suffering from menstrual disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeryoon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoungduck Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jung Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Eum
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hong Min
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Woohyun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, 82, Mangu-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02500, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Gyu Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Brown LA, Gallagher T, Petersen J, Benhamou K, Foa EB, Asnaani A. Does CBT for anxiety-related disorders alter suicidal ideation? Findings from a naturalistic sample. J Anxiety Disord 2018; 59:10-16. [PMID: 30107264 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders commonly co-occur with suicidal ideation (SI). To our knowledge, no studies have reported on the baseline prevalence of SI and the reduction in SI in a naturalistic sample receiving cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for anxiety-related disorders. METHODS Participants (n = 355) recruited from an anxiety specialty clinic reported SI at pre-, mid-, and post-CBT. Multilevel mixed effects logistic regression models compared differences in SI endorsement over Time. RESULTS Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) were associated with significantly elevated baseline SI relative to specific phobia. PTSD and unspecified anxiety-related disorders were associated with significant reductions in SI, whereas reductions in SAD, GAD, OCD, and panic disorder did not reach significance. Rates of new onset and exacerbation of SI were low. DISCUSSION CBT for anxiety disorders was associated with significant reductions in SI over time, with no evidence for exacerbation of suicide risk. Clinical implications are discussed, as well as future research directions to further understand the effect of anxiety disorder treatments on SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily A Brown
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Thea Gallagher
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julie Petersen
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathy Benhamou
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edna B Foa
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anu Asnaani
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market Street Suite 600 N, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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45
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Boksa P, Joober R. Who should be "controls" in studies on the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders? J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018; 43. [PMID: 30125246 PMCID: PMC6158024 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.180128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Boksa
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Ridha Joober
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
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46
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Sleep-amount differentially affects fear-processing neural circuitry in pediatric anxiety: A preliminary fMRI investigation. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 17:1098-1113. [PMID: 28913727 PMCID: PMC5709437 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-017-0535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient sleep, as well as the incidence of anxiety disorders, both peak during adolescence. While both conditions present perturbations in fear-processing-related neurocircuitry, it is unknown whether these neurofunctional alterations directly link anxiety and compromised sleep in adolescents. Fourteen anxious adolescents (AAs) and 19 healthy adolescents (HAs) were compared on a measure of sleep amount and neural responses to negatively valenced faces during fMRI. Group differences in neural response to negative faces emerged in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the hippocampus. In both regions, correlation of sleep amount with BOLD activation was positive in AAs, but negative in HAs. Follow-up psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses indicated positive connectivity between dACC and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and between hippocampus and insula. This connectivity was correlated negatively with sleep amount in AAs, but positively in HAs. In conclusion, the presence of clinical anxiety modulated the effects of sleep-amount on neural reactivity to negative faces differently among this group of adolescents, which may contribute to different clinical significance and outcomes of sleep disturbances in healthy adolescents and patients with anxiety disorders.
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47
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Klumpp H, Kinney KL, Kennedy AE, Shankman SA, Langenecker SA, Kumar A, Phan KL. Trait attentional control modulates neurofunctional response to threat distractors in anxiety and depression. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 102:87-95. [PMID: 29674271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data suggest attentional control capability varies across psychiatric diagnostic boundaries. The Attentional Control Scale (ACS) assesses self-reported trait attentional control (TAC) and tracks the anterior attention system. Greater TAC is associated with less negative affect, however, its mechanisms in anxiety and depression are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined whether individual differences in TAC modulated top-down mechanisms in a clinical sample. During fMRI, 104 patients with social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and/or major depression and 34 healthy participants completed a validated attentional control paradigm comprising strings of letters superimposed on threatening and neutral face distractors. In the low perceptual load condition, a target letter was in a string of identical letters. In the high load condition, a target letter was in a mixed letter string. Whole-brain regression results for low load revealed more activation to threat (vs. neutral) distractors in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex was predicted by better TAC (i.e., higher ACS scores). For high load, regression results showed less activation to threat (vs. neutral) distractors in the inferior frontal gyrus was predicted by better TAC. An exploratory whole-brain ANOVA revealed a main effect of group in the superior temporal gyrus and a main effect of perceptual load in parietal, frontal, and limbic regions. No other effects were detected and activation derived from significant ANOVA results did not correlate with ACS scores. In conclusion, regression findings suggest individual differences in brain-behavioral ACS-related activity in frontal structures may be useful in identifying phenotypes in internalizing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heide Klumpp
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Kerry L Kinney
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amy E Kennedy
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Mental Health Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stewart A Shankman
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anand Kumar
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - K Luan Phan
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Mental Health Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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48
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Counts CJ, Grubin FC, John-Henderson NA. Childhood socioeconomic status and risk in early family environments: predictors of global sleep quality in college students. Sleep Health 2018; 4:301-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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49
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Subjective and objective sleep quality in elderly individuals: The role of psychogeriatric evaluation. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 76:221-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Fitzgerald JM, Kinney KL, Phan KL, Klumpp H. Distinct neural engagement during implicit and explicit regulation of negative stimuli. Neuropsychologia 2018; 145:106675. [PMID: 29428771 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging research has characterized underlying neural mechanisms of attentional control and cognitive reappraisal, common implicit and explicit forms of emotion regulation, respectively. This research suggests attentional control and reappraisal may engage similar midline and lateral areas in the prefrontal cortex (PFC); however, findings are largely based on separate studies. Therefore, the extent to which mechanisms of implicit versus explicit regulation are independent or overlapping is not clear. In the current study, 49 healthy participants completed well-validated implicit and explicit regulation tasks in the form of attentional control and cognitive reappraisal during functional magnetic resonance imaging. During implicit regulation, participants identified a target letter in a string of letters superimposed on threatening faces. To manipulate attentional control, the letter string either consisted of all targets ('Threat Low' perceptual load), or was embedded among non-target letters ('Threat High' perceptual load). During cognitive reappraisal, participants were shown aversive images and instructed to use a cognitive approach to down-regulate negative affect ('Reappraise') or to naturally experience emotions without altering them ('Look-Negative'). Order of administration of tasks was counterbalanced across participants. Whole-brain results regarding frontal activity showed ventromedial PFC/rostral anterior cingulate cortex was recruited during Threat Low > Threat High. In contrast, Reappraise > Look-Negative resulted in engagement of the dorsolateral PFC, ventrolateral PFC and dorsomedial PFC. In addition, results showed no relationship between accuracy during attentional control and self-reported negative affect during cognitive reappraisal. Results indicate attentional control in the context of threat distractors and the reappraisal of negative images are supported by discrete, non-overlapping neurocircuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklynn M Fitzgerald
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kerry L Kinney
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Luan Phan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and The Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heide Klumpp
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA.
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