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Moses E, Atlan T, Sun X, Franěk R, Siddiqui A, Marinov GK, Shifman S, Zucker DM, Oron-Gottesman A, Greenleaf WJ, Cohen E, Ram O, Harel I. The killifish germline regulates longevity and somatic repair in a sex-specific manner. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:791-813. [PMID: 38750187 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Classical evolutionary theories propose tradeoffs among reproduction, damage repair and lifespan. However, the specific role of the germline in shaping vertebrate aging remains largely unknown. In this study, we used the turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) to genetically arrest germline development at discrete stages and examine how different modes of infertility impact life history. We first constructed a comprehensive single-cell gonadal atlas, providing cell-type-specific markers for downstream phenotypic analysis. We show here that germline depletion-but not arresting germline differentiation-enhances damage repair in female killifish. Conversely, germline-depleted males instead showed an extension in lifespan and rejuvenated metabolic functions. Through further transcriptomic analysis, we highlight enrichment of pro-longevity pathways and genes in germline-depleted male killifish and demonstrate functional conservation of how these factors may regulate longevity in germline-depleted Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results, therefore, demonstrate that different germline manipulation paradigms can yield pronounced sexually dimorphic phenotypes, implying alternative responses to classical evolutionary tradeoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Moses
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tehila Atlan
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roman Franěk
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Atif Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Sagiv Shifman
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David M Zucker
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Oron-Gottesman
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - William J Greenleaf
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ehud Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oren Ram
- Department of Biochemistry, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel.
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2
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Moses E, Atlan T, Sun X, Franek R, Siddiqui A, Marinov GK, Shifman S, Zucker DM, Oron-Gottesman A, Greenleaf WJ, Cohen E, Ram O, Harel I. The killifish germline regulates longevity and somatic repair in a sex-specific manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.18.572041. [PMID: 38187630 PMCID: PMC10769255 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Classical evolutionary theories propose tradeoffs between reproduction, damage repair, and lifespan. However, the specific role of the germline in shaping vertebrate aging remains largely unknown. Here, we use the turquoise killifish ( N. furzeri ) to genetically arrest germline development at discrete stages, and examine how different modes of infertility impact life-history. We first construct a comprehensive single-cell gonadal atlas, providing cell-type-specific markers for downstream phenotypic analysis. Next, we show that germline depletion - but not arresting germline differentiation - enhances damage repair in female killifish. Conversely, germline-depleted males instead showed an extension in lifespan and rejuvenated metabolic functions. Through further transcriptomic analysis, we highlight enrichment of pro-longevity pathways and genes in germline-depleted male killifish and demonstrate functional conservation of how these factors may regulate longevity in germline-depleted C. elegans . Our results therefore demonstrate that different germline manipulation paradigms can yield pronounced sexually dimorphic phenotypes, implying alternative responses to classical evolutionary tradeoffs.
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3
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Thompson WA, Rajeswari JJ, Holloway AC, Vijayan MM. Excess feeding increases adipogenesis but lowers leptin transcript abundance in zebrafish larvae. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109816. [PMID: 38061616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Although fish exposed to municipal wastewater effluents (MWWE) show higher lipid accumulation, whether this is due to adipogenesis is unclear. The objective here was to identify molecular markers of adipogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae for use as high throughput screening tools for environmental contaminants, including obesogens in MWWE. Zebrafish larvae were fed a commercial diet at a maintenance level (5 % body mass) or in excess (25 or 50 % body mass) from day 6 to 30 days post-fertilization (dpf) to stimulate adipogenesis. We monitored fat accumulation and markers of lipid metabolism, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (ppar γ), fatty acid synthase (fas), ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2 (elovl2), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (dgat2), leptin (lepa and lepb), leptin receptor (lepr), and lipoprotein lipase (lpl). Excess feeding led to a higher growth rate, protein content and an increase in igf1 transcript abundance. Also, these larvae had higher triglyceride levels and accumulated lipids droplets in the abdominal cavity and viscera. The molecular markers of adipogenesis, including fas, elovl2, and dgat2, were upregulated, while the transcript abundance of lpl, a lipolytic gene, was transiently lower due to excess feeding. The increased adiposity seen at 30 dpf due to excess feeding coincided with a lower lep but not lepr transcript abundance in zebrafish. Our results demonstrate that excess feeding alters the developmental programming of key genes involved in lipid homeostasis, leading to excess lipid accumulation in zebrafish larvae. Overall, fas, elovl2, lpl, and dgat2, but not lep or ppar γ, have the potential to be biomarkers of adipogenesis in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Andrew Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jithine Jayakumar Rajeswari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mathilakath M Vijayan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, Koedijk N, da Silva KM, Covaci A, Knapen D. Combined western diet and bisphenol A exposure induces an oxidative stress-based paraoxonase 1 response in larval zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 274:109758. [PMID: 37757927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme linked to metabolic disorders by genome-wide association studies in humans. Exposure to metabolic disrupting chemicals (MDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA), together with genetic and dietary factors, can increase the risk of metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate how PON1 responds to the metabolic changes and oxidative stress caused by a western diet, and whether exposure to BPA alters the metabolic and PON1 responses. Zebrafish larvae at 14 days post fertilization were fed a custom-made western diet with and without aquatic exposure to two concentrations of BPA for 5 days. A combination of western diet and 150 μg/L BPA exposure resulted in a stepwise increase in weight, length and oxidative stress, suggesting that BPA amplifies the western diet-induced metabolic shift. PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in all western diet and BPA exposure groups and PON1 lactonase activity was increased when western diet was combined with exposure to 1800 μg/L BPA. Both PON1 activities were positively correlated to oxidative stress. Based on our observations we hypothesize that a western diet caused a shift towards fatty acid-based metabolism, which was increased by BPA exposure. This shift resulted in increased oxidative stress, which in turn was associated with a PON1 activity increase as an antioxidant response. This is the first exploration of PON1 responses to metabolic challenges in zebrafish, and the first study of PON1 in the context of MDC exposure in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Noortje Koedijk
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Daponte V, Tonelli F, Masiero C, Syx D, Exbrayat-Héritier C, Biggiogera M, Willaert A, Rossi A, Coucke PJ, Ruggiero F, Forlino A. Cell differentiation and matrix organization are differentially affected during bone formation in osteogenesis imperfecta zebrafish models with different genetic defects impacting collagen type I structure. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:105-126. [PMID: 37336269 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a family of rare heritable skeletal disorders associated with dominant mutations in the collagen type I encoding genes and recessive defects in proteins involved in collagen type I synthesis and processing and in osteoblast differentiation and activity. Historically, it was believed that the OI bone phenotype was only caused by abnormal collagen type I fibrils in the extracellular matrix, but more recently it became clear that the altered bone cell homeostasis, due to mutant collagen retention, plays a relevant role in modulating disease severity in most of the OI forms and it is correlated to impaired bone cell differentiation. Despite in vitro evidence, in vivo data are missing. To better understand the physiopathology of OI, we used two zebrafish models: Chihuahua (Chi/+), carrying a dominant p.G736D substitution in the α1 chain of collagen type I, and the recessive p3h1-/-, lacking prolyl 3-hydroxylase (P3h1) enzyme. Both models share the delay of collagen type I folding, resulting in its overmodification and partial intracellular retention. The regeneration of the bony caudal fin of Chi/+ and p3h1-/- was employed to investigate the impact of abnormal collagen synthesis on bone cell differentiation. Reduced regenerative ability was evident in both models, but it was associated to impaired osteoblast differentiation and osteoblastogenesis/adipogenesis switch only in Chi/+. On the contrary, reduced osteoclast number and activity were found in both models during regeneration. The dominant OI model showed a more detrimental effect in the extracellular matrix organization. Interestingly, the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), known to reduce cellular stress and increase collagen secretion, improved bone formation only in p3h1-/- by favoring caudal fin growth without affecting bone cell markers expression. Taken together, our in vivo data proved the negative impact of structurally abnormal collagen type I on bone formation but revealed a gene mutation-specific effect on bone cell differentiation and matrix organization in OI. These, together with the distinct ability to respond to the chaperone treatment, underline the need for precision medicine approaches to properly treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Daponte
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Masiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Delfien Syx
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center of Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chloé Exbrayat-Héritier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5242, UCBL Lyon-1, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andy Willaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center of Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paul J Coucke
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center of Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Florence Ruggiero
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5242, UCBL Lyon-1, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Xu D, Gong Y, Xiang X, Liu Y, Mai K, Ai Q. Discovery, characterization, and adipocyte differentiation regulation in perirenal adipose tissue of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:627-639. [PMID: 37341909 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an essential tissue for lipid deposition in fish and is associated with excess lipid accumulation in aquaculture. However, the knowledge of the distribution and characterization of adipose tissue in fish still needs further investigation. This study for the first time discovered perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) in large yellow croaker by MRI and CT technologies. Then, the morphological and cytological characteristics of PAT were observed, showing a typical characteristic of white adipose tissue. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of marker genes of white adipose tissue was highly expressed in PAT compared with the liver and muscle in large yellow croaker. Moreover, based on the discovery of PAT, preadipocytes from PAT were isolated, and the differentiation system of preadipocytes was established. The lipid droplet and TG content of cell were gradually increased during adipocyte differentiation. In addition, mRNA expressions of lipoprotein lipase, adipose triglyceride lipase, and transcription factors related to adipogenesis (cebpα, srebp1, pparα, and pparγ) were quantified to explain the regulation mechanism during the differentiation process. In summary, the present study first discovered perirenal adipose tissue in fish, then explored the characterization of PAT, and revealed the regulation of adipocyte differentiation. These results could advance the understanding of adipose tissue in fish and provide a novel idea for the study of the mechanism of lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Gong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Thrikawala S, Mesmar F, Bhattacharya B, Muhsen M, Mukhopadhyay S, Flores S, Upadhyay S, Vergara L, Gustafsson JÅ, Williams C, Bondesson M. Triazole fungicides induce adipogenesis and repress osteoblastogenesis in zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2023; 193:119-130. [PMID: 36951524 PMCID: PMC10230286 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Triazoles are a major group of azole fungicides commonly used in agriculture, and veterinary and human medicine. Maternal exposure to certain triazole antifungal medication causes congenital malformations, including skeletal malformations. We hypothesized that triazoles used as pesticides in agriculture also pose a risk of causing skeletal malformations in developing embryos. In this study, teratogenic effects of three commonly used triazoles, cyproconazole, paclobutrazol, and triadimenol, were investigated in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Exposure to the triazole fungicides caused bone and cartilage malformations in developing zebrafish larvae. Data from whole-embryo transcriptomics with cyproconazole suggested that exposure to this compound induces adipogenesis while repressing skeletal development. Confirming this finding, the expression of selected bone and cartilage marker genes were significantly downregulated with triazoles exposure as determined by quantitative PCR. The expression of selected adipogenic genes was upregulated by the triazoles. Furthermore, exposure to each of the three triazoles induced adipogenesis and lipid droplet formation in vitro in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells. In vivo in zebrafish larvae, cyproconazole exposure caused lipid accumulation. These results suggest that exposure to triazoles promotes adipogenesis at the expense of skeletal development, and thus they expand the chemical group of bona fide bone to fat switchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savini Thrikawala
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Fahmi Mesmar
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Beas Bhattacharya
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Maram Muhsen
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Srijita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sara Flores
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Leoncio Vergara
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cecilia Williams
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Bondesson
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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LeFauve MK, Bérubé R, Heldman S, Chiang YTT, Kassotis CD. Cetyl Alcohol Polyethoxylates Disrupt Metabolic Health in Developmentally Exposed Zebrafish. Metabolites 2023; 13:359. [PMID: 36984799 PMCID: PMC10057089 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol polyethoxylates (AEOs), such as cetyl alcohol ethoxylates (CetAEOs), are high-production-volume surfactants used in laundry detergents, hard-surface cleaners, pesticide formulations, textile production, oils, paints, and other products. AEOs have been suggested as lower toxicity replacements for alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEOs), such as the nonylphenol and octylphenol polyethoxylates. We previously demonstrated that nonylphenol polyethoxylates induced triglyceride accumulation in several in vitro adipogenesis models and promoted adiposity and increased body weights in developmentally exposed zebrafish. We also demonstrated that diverse APEOs and AEOs were able to increase triglyceride accumulation and/or pre-adipocyte proliferation in a murine pre-adipocyte model. As such, the goals of this study were to assess the potential of CetAEOs to promote adiposity and alter growth and/or development (toxicity, length, weight, behavior, energy expenditure) of developmentally exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio). We also sought to expand our understanding of ethoxylate chain-length dependent effects through interrogation of varying chain-length CetAEOs. We demonstrated consistent adipogenic effects in two separate human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell models as well as murine pre-adipocytes. Immediately following chemical exposures in zebrafish, we reported disrupted neurodevelopment and aberrant behavior in light/dark activity testing, with medium chain-length CetAEO-exposed fish exhibiting hyperactivity across both light and dark phases. By day 30, we demonstrated that cetyl alcohol and CetAEOs disrupted adipose deposition in developmentally exposed zebrafish, despite no apparent impacts on standard length or gross body weight. This research suggests metabolic health concerns for these common environmental contaminants, suggesting further need to assess molecular mechanisms and better characterize environmental concentrations for human health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christopher D. Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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9
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Grepper D, Tabasso C, Aguettaz AKF, Martinotti A, Ebrahimi A, Lagarrigue S, Amati F. Methodological advancements in organ-specific ectopic lipid quantitative characterization: Effects of high fat diet on muscle and liver intracellular lipids. Mol Metab 2023; 68:101669. [PMID: 36642092 PMCID: PMC9938329 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ectopic lipid accumulation is a hallmark of metabolic diseases, linking obesity to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance and diabetes. The use of zebrafish as a model of obesity and diabetes is raising due to the conserved properties of fat metabolism between humans and zebrafish, the homologous genes regulating lipid uptake and transport, the implementation of the '3R's principle and their cost-effectiveness. To date, a method allowing the conservation of lipid droplets (LDs) and organs in zebrafish larvae to image ectopic lipids is not available. Our objectives were to develop a novel methodology to quantitatively evaluate organ-specific LDs, in skeletal muscle and liver, in response to a nutritional perturbation. METHODS We developed a novel embedding and cryosectioning protocol allowing the conservation of LDs and organs in zebrafish larvae. To establish the quantitative measures, we used a three-arm parallel nutritional intervention design. Zebrafish larvae were fed a control diet containing 14% of nutritional fat or two high fat diets (HFDs) containing 25 and 36% of dietary fats. In muscle and liver, LDs were characterized using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In liver, intrahepatocellular lipids were discriminated from intrasinusoid lipids. To complete liver characteristics, fibrosis was identified with Masson's Trichrome staining. Finally, to confirm the conservation and effect of HFD, molecular players of fat metabolism were evaluated by RT-qPCR. RESULTS The cryosections obtained after setting up the embedding and cryopreservation method were of high quality, preserving tissue morphology and allowing the visualization of ectopic lipids. Both HFDs were obesogenic, without modifying larvae survival or development. Neutral lipid content increased with time and augmented dietary fat. Intramuscular LD volume density increased and was explained by an increase in LDs size but not in numbers. Intrahepatocellular LD volume density increased and was explained by an increased number of LDs, not by their increased size. Sinusoid area and lipid content were both increased. Hepatic fibrosis appeared with both HFDs. We observed alterations in the expression of genes associated with LD coating proteins, LD dynamics, lipogenesis, lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we propose a reproducible and fast method to image zebrafish larvae without losing LD quality and organ morphology. We demonstrate the impact of HFD on LD characteristics in liver and skeletal muscle accompanied by alterations of key players of fat metabolism. Our observations confirm the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms in lipid metabolism and reveal organ specific adaptations. The methodological advancements proposed in this work open the doors to study organelle adaptations in obesity and diabetes related research such as lipotoxicity, organelle contacts and specific lipid depositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogan Grepper
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cassandra Tabasso
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Axel K F Aguettaz
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Martinotti
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ammar Ebrahimi
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Lagarrigue
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Amati
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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10
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Gómez de la Torre Canny S, Nordgård CT, Mathisen AJH, Degré Lorentsen E, Vadstein O, Bakke I. A novel gnotobiotic experimental system for Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) reveals a microbial influence on mucosal barrier function and adipose tissue accumulation during the yolk sac stage. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1068302. [PMID: 36817693 PMCID: PMC9929952 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1068302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gnotobiotic models have had a crucial role in studying the effect that commensal microbiota has on the health of their animal hosts. Despite their physiological and ecological diversity, teleost fishes are still underrepresented in gnotobiotic research. Moreover, a better understanding of host-microbe interactions in farmed fish has the potential to contribute to sustainable global food supply. We have developed a novel gnotobiotic experimental system that includes the derivation of fertilized eggs of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon, and gnotobiotic husbandry of fry during the yolk sac stage. We used a microscopy-based approach to estimate the barrier function of the skin mucus layer and used this measurement to select the derivation procedure that minimized adverse effects on the skin mucosa. We also used this method to demonstrate that the mucus barrier was reduced in germ-free fry when compared to fry colonized with two different bacterial communities. This alteration in the mucus barrier was preceded by an increase in the number of cells containing neutral mucosubstances in the anterior segment of the body, but without changes in the number of cells containing acidic substances in any of the other segments studied along the body axis. In addition, we showed how the microbial status of the fry temporarily affected body size and the utilization of internal yolk stores during the yolk sac stage. Finally, we showed that the presence of bacterial communities associated with the fry, as well as their composition, affected the size of adipose tissue. Fry colonized with water from a lake had a larger visceral adipose tissue depot than both conventionally raised and germ-free fry. Together, our results show that this novel gnotobiotic experimental system is a useful tool for the study of host-microbe interactions in this species of aquacultural importance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Taylor Nordgård
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Amalie Johanne Horn Mathisen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirik Degré Lorentsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid Bakke
- *Correspondence: Sol Gómez de la Torre Canny, ; Ingrid Bakke,
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11
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Bomkamp C, Musgrove L, Marques DMC, Fernando GF, Ferreira FC, Specht EA. Differentiation and Maturation of Muscle and Fat Cells in Cultivated Seafood: Lessons from Developmental Biology. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:1-29. [PMID: 36374393 PMCID: PMC9931865 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated meat, also known as cultured or cell-based meat, is meat produced directly from cultured animal cells rather than from a whole animal. Cultivated meat and seafood have been proposed as a means of mitigating the substantial harms associated with current production methods, including damage to the environment, antibiotic resistance, food security challenges, poor animal welfare, and-in the case of seafood-overfishing and ecological damage associated with fishing and aquaculture. Because biomedical tissue engineering research, from which cultivated meat draws a great deal of inspiration, has thus far been conducted almost exclusively in mammals, cultivated seafood suffers from a lack of established protocols for producing complex tissues in vitro. At the same time, fish such as the zebrafish Danio rerio have been widely used as model organisms in developmental biology. Therefore, many of the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the formation of muscle, fat, and other relevant tissue are relatively well understood for this species. The same processes are understood to a lesser degree in aquatic invertebrates. This review discusses the differentiation and maturation of meat-relevant cell types in aquatic species and makes recommendations for future research aimed at recapitulating these processes to produce cultivated fish and shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bomkamp
- Department of Science & Technology, The Good Food Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Lisa Musgrove
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland Australia
| | - Diana M. C. Marques
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo F. Fernando
- Department of Science & Technology, The Good Food Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Frederico C. Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elizabeth A. Specht
- Department of Science & Technology, The Good Food Institute, Washington, DC USA
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12
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Faught E, Vijayan MM. The Mineralocorticoid Receptor Functions as a Key Glucose Regulator in the Skeletal Muscle of Zebrafish. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6679268. [PMID: 36041019 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are essential for maintaining energy homeostasis as part of the adaptive stress response. Most work to date has characterized the metabolic role of GCs via the activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (nr3c1; GR), which is activated under high GC conditions. However, GCs also bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor (nr3c2; MR), a high-affinity corticosteroid receptor active under basal GC conditions. Despite the expression of MR in skeletal muscles, almost nothing is known about its physiological role. Here we tested the hypothesis that the MR promotes anabolic processes during resting cortisol levels and curtails the catabolic actions of the GR during high (stressed) levels of cortisol. To determine the effect of MR, a zebrafish line with a ubiquitous MR knockout (MRca402/ca402) was utilized. The GR was activated in the same group by chronically treating fish with exogenous cortisol. In the muscle, MR primarily promoted nutrient storage, and restricted energy substrate mobilization under resting conditions, whereas GR activation resulted in increased nutrient utilization. Interestingly, MR loss improved GR-driven metabolic flexibility, suggesting that the activation state of these receptors is a key determinant of skeletal muscle ability to switch fuel sources. To determine if the anabolism-promoting nature of MR was due to an interaction with insulin, fish were co-injected with insulin and the fluorescent glucose analogue 2-NBDG. A loss of MR abolished insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle. Taken together, we postulate that MR acts as a key modulator of glucose metabolism in the musculature during basal and stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Faught
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Mathilakath M Vijayan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N1N4, Canada
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13
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Heindel JJ, Howard S, Agay-Shay K, Arrebola JP, Audouze K, Babin PJ, Barouki R, Bansal A, Blanc E, Cave MC, Chatterjee S, Chevalier N, Choudhury M, Collier D, Connolly L, Coumoul X, Garruti G, Gilbertson M, Hoepner LA, Holloway AC, Howell G, Kassotis CD, Kay MK, Kim MJ, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Langouet S, Legrand A, Li Z, Le Mentec H, Lind L, Monica Lind P, Lustig RH, Martin-Chouly C, Munic Kos V, Podechard N, Roepke TA, Sargis RM, Starling A, Tomlinson CR, Touma C, Vondracek J, Vom Saal F, Blumberg B. Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115015. [PMID: 35395240 PMCID: PMC9124454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental components. The prevailing view is that obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure caused by overeating and insufficient exercise. We describe another environmental element that can alter the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure: obesogens. Obesogens are a subset of environmental chemicals that act as endocrine disruptors affecting metabolic endpoints. The obesogen hypothesis posits that exposure to endocrine disruptors and other chemicals can alter the development and function of the adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and brain, thus changing the set point for control of metabolism. Obesogens can determine how much food is needed to maintain homeostasis and thereby increase the susceptibility to obesity. The most sensitive time for obesogen action is in utero and early childhood, in part via epigenetic programming that can be transmitted to future generations. This review explores the evidence supporting the obesogen hypothesis and highlights knowledge gaps that have prevented widespread acceptance as a contributor to the obesity pandemic. Critically, the obesogen hypothesis changes the narrative from curing obesity to preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, USA.
| | - Sarah Howard
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, USA
| | - Keren Agay-Shay
- Health and Environment Research (HER) Lab, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Israel
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Karine Audouze
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, Paris France
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Amita Bansal
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Etienne Blanc
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40402, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cote d'Azur, Cote d'Azur, France
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - David Collier
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Lisa Connolly
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Gilbertson
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Lori A Hoepner
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Alison C Holloway
- McMaster University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamilton, Ontario, CA, USA
| | - George Howell
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Christopher D Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mathew K Kay
- College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | | | - Sophie Langouet
- Univ Rennes, INSERM EHESP, IRSET UMR_5S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Legrand
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Zhuorui Li
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Helene Le Mentec
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Lars Lind
- Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Monica Lind
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert H Lustig
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Vesna Munic Kos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Normand Podechard
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Biological Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Il 60612, USA
| | - Anne Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Craig R Tomlinson
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Charbel Touma
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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14
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Vasyutina M, Alieva A, Reutova O, Bakaleiko V, Murashova L, Dyachuk V, Catapano AL, Baragetti A, Magni P. The zebrafish model system for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis research: Focus on environmental/exposome factors and genetic mechanisms. Metabolism 2022; 129:155138. [PMID: 35051509 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis play a pivotal role in cardiovascular risk and disease. Although some pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these conditions have been unveiled, several knowledge gaps still remain. Experimental models, both in vitro and in vivo, have been instrumental to our better understanding of such complex processes. The latter have often been based on rodent species, either wild-type or, in several instances, genetically modified. In this context, the zebrafish may represent an additional very useful in vivo experimental model for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Interestingly, the lipid metabolism of zebrafish shares several features with that present in humans, recapitulating some molecular features and pathophysiological aspects in a better way than that of rodents. The zebrafish model may be of help to address questions related to exposome factors as well as to genetic features, aiming to dissect selected aspects of the more complex scenario observed in humans. Indeed, exposome-related dyslipidemia/atherosclerosis research in zebrafish may target different scientific questions, related to nutrition, microbiota, temperature, light exposure at the larval stage, exposure to chemicals and epigenetic consequences of such external factors. Addressing genetic features related to dyslipidemia/atherosclerosis using the zebrafish model is already a reality and active research is now ongoing in this promising area. Novel technologies (gene and genome editing) may help to identify new candidate genes involved in dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia-related diseases. Based on these considerations, the zebrafish experimental model appears highly suitable for the study of exposome factors, genes and molecules involved in the development of atherosclerosis-related disease as well as for the validation of novel potential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vasyutina
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Asiiat Alieva
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Reutova
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Lada Murashova
- Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alberico L Catapano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baragetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Matsuoka I, Hata K, Katsuzaki H, Nakayama H, Zang L, Ota M, Kim Y, Chu DC, Juneja LR, Nishimura N, Shimada Y. Zebrafish obesogenic test identifies anti-adipogenic fraction in Moringa oreifera leaf extracts. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1248-1256. [PMID: 35432980 PMCID: PMC9007296 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish obesogenic test (ZOT) is a powerful tool for identifying anti-adipogenic compounds for in vivo screening. In our previous study, we found that Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder suppressed the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in ZOT. MO demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological effects; however, little is known about its functional constituents. To identify the anti-adipogenic components of MO leaves, we prepared extracts using different extraction methods and tested the obtained extracts and fractions using ZOT. We found that the dichloromethane extract and its hexane:EtOAc = 8:2 fraction reduced VAT accumulation in young zebrafish fed a high-fat diet. We also performed gene expression analysis in the zebrafish VAT and found that CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (associated with early stages of adipogenesis) gene expression was downregulated after fraction 2 administration. We identified a new MO fraction that suppressed VAT accumulation by inhibiting early adipogenesis using the ZOT. Phenotype-driven zebrafish screening is a reasonable strategy for identifying bioactive components in natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies Mie University Tsu Japan
| | - Kanae Hata
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies Mie University Tsu Japan
| | | | - Hiroko Nakayama
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies Mie University Tsu Japan.,Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center Tsu Japan
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies Mie University Tsu Japan.,Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center Tsu Japan
| | - Mizuho Ota
- Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Japan
| | | | | | | | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies Mie University Tsu Japan.,Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center Tsu Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Mie University Zebrafish Drug Screening Center Tsu Japan.,Department of Bioinformatics Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center Tsu Japan.,Department of Integrative Pharmacology Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Japan
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16
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Kassotis CD, Vom Saal FS, Babin PJ, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Le Mentec H, Blumberg B, Mohajer N, Legrand A, Munic Kos V, Martin-Chouly C, Podechard N, Langouët S, Touma C, Barouki R, Ji Kim M, Audouze K, Choudhury M, Shree N, Bansal A, Howard S, Heindel JJ. Obesity III: Obesogen assays: Limitations, strengths, and new directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115014. [PMID: 35393121 PMCID: PMC9050906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of a role for environmental contaminants in disrupting metabolic health in both humans and animals. Despite a growing need for well-understood models for evaluating adipogenic and potential obesogenic contaminants, there has been a reliance on decades-old in vitro models that have not been appropriately managed by cell line providers. There has been a quick rise in available in vitro models in the last ten years, including commercial availability of human mesenchymal stem cell and preadipocyte models; these models require more comprehensive validation but demonstrate real promise in improved translation to human metabolic health. There is also progress in developing three-dimensional and co-culture techniques that allow for the interrogation of a more physiologically relevant state. While diverse rodent models exist for evaluating putative obesogenic and/or adipogenic chemicals in a physiologically relevant context, increasing capabilities have been identified for alternative model organisms such as Drosophila, C. elegans, zebrafish, and medaka in metabolic health testing. These models have several appreciable advantages, including most notably their size, rapid development, large brood sizes, and ease of high-resolution lipid accumulation imaging throughout the organisms. They are anticipated to expand the capabilities of metabolic health research, particularly when coupled with emerging obesogen evaluation techniques as described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Frederick S Vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Helene Le Mentec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, The University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA 92697, United States
| | - Nicole Mohajer
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, The University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA 92697, United States
| | - Antoine Legrand
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Vesna Munic Kos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Corinne Martin-Chouly
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Langouët
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Charbel Touma
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health) - UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- University of Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | | | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Nitya Shree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Amita Bansal
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2611, Australia
| | - Sarah Howard
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, United States
| | - Jerrold J Heindel
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, United States
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17
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Kassotis CD, LeFauve MK, Chiang YTT, Knuth MM, Schkoda S, Kullman SW. Nonylphenol Polyethoxylates Enhance Adipose Deposition in Developmentally Exposed Zebrafish. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10020099. [PMID: 35202285 PMCID: PMC8879477 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEOs), such as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs), are high-production-volume surfactants used in laundry detergents, hard-surface cleaners, pesticide formulations, textile production, oils, paints, and other products. NPEOs comprise −80% of the total production of APEOs and are widely reported across diverse environmental matrices. Despite a growing push for replacement products, APEOs continue to be released into the environment through wastewater at significant levels. Research into related nonionic surfactants from varying sources has reported metabolic health impacts, and we have previously demonstrated that diverse APEOs and alcohol polyethoxylates promote adipogenesis in the murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte model. These effects appeared to be independent of the base alkylphenol and related to the ethoxylate chain length, though limited research has evaluated NPEO exposures in animal models. The goals of this study were to assess the potential of NPEOs to promote adiposity (Nile red fluorescence quantification) and alter growth and/or development (toxicity, length, weight, and energy expenditure) of developmentally exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio). We also sought to expand our understanding of the ability to promote adiposity through evaluation in human mesenchymal stem cells. Herein, we demonstrated consistent adipogenic effects in two separate human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell models, and that nonylphenol and its ethoxylates promoted weight gain and increased adipose deposition in developmentally exposed zebrafish. Notably, across both cell and zebrafish models we report increasing adipogenic/obesogenic activity with increasing ethoxylate chain lengths up to maximums around NPEO-6 and then decreasing activity with the longest ethoxylate chain lengths. This research suggests metabolic health concerns for these common obesogens, suggesting further need to assess molecular mechanisms and better characterize environmental concentrations for human health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (M.K.L.); (Y.-T.T.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-313-577-0170
| | - Matthew K. LeFauve
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (M.K.L.); (Y.-T.T.C.)
| | - Yu-Ting Tiffany Chiang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (M.K.L.); (Y.-T.T.C.)
| | - Megan M. Knuth
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Stacy Schkoda
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (S.S.); (S.W.K.)
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (S.S.); (S.W.K.)
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18
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Parra-Peralbo E, Talamillo A, Barrio R. Origin and Development of the Adipose Tissue, a Key Organ in Physiology and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786129. [PMID: 34993199 PMCID: PMC8724577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ, well known for its function in energy storage and mobilization according to nutrient availability and body needs, in charge of keeping the energetic balance of the organism. During the last decades, adipose tissue has emerged as the largest endocrine organ in the human body, being able to secrete hormones as well as inflammatory molecules and having an important impact in multiple processes such as adipogenesis, metabolism and chronic inflammation. However, the cellular progenitors, development, homeostasis and metabolism of the different types of adipose tissue are not fully known. During the last decade, Drosophila melanogaster has demonstrated to be an excellent model to tackle some of the open questions in the field of metabolism and development of endocrine/metabolic organs. Discoveries ranged from new hormones regulating obesity to subcellular mechanisms that regulate lipogenesis and lipolysis. Here, we review the available evidences on the development, types and functions of adipose tissue in Drosophila and identify some gaps for future research. This may help to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of this fascinating key tissue, contributing to establish this organ as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Talamillo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
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19
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Lepanto P, Levin-Ferreyra F, Koziol U, Malacrida L, Badano JL. Insights into in vivo adipocyte differentiation through cell-specific labeling in zebrafish. Biol Open 2021; 10:271875. [PMID: 34409430 PMCID: PMC8443861 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue hyperplasia has been shown to be crucial for handling excess energy in healthy ways. Though adipogenesis mechanisms have been underscored in vitro, we lack information on how tissue and systemic factors influence the differentiation of new adipocytes. While this could be studied in zebrafish, adipocyte identification currently relies on neutral lipid labeling, thus precluding access to cells in early stages of differentiation. Here we report the generation and analysis of a zebrafish line with the transgene fabp4a(-2.7):EGFPcaax. In vivo confocal microscopy of the pancreatic and abdominal visceral depots of transgenic larvae, revealed the presence of labeled mature adipocytes as well as immature cells in earlier stages of differentiation. Through co-labeling for blood vessels, we observed a close interaction of differentiating adipocytes with endothelial cells through cell protrusions. Finally, we implemented hyperspectral imaging and spectral phasor analysis in Nile Red-labeled transgenic larvae and revealed the lipid metabolic transition towards neutral lipid accumulation of differentiating adipocytes. Altogether our work presents the characterization of a novel adipocyte-specific label in zebrafish and uncovers previously unknown aspects of in vivo adipogenesis. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Analysis of the differentiation of adipocytes in vivo through cell-specific labeling in zebrafish, revealed their early interaction with blood vessels as well as early lipid metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lepanto
- Human Molecular Genetics Lab, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP11400, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Levin-Ferreyra
- Human Molecular Genetics Lab, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP11400, Uruguay
| | - Uriel Koziol
- Sección Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Igua 4225, CP11400, Uruguay
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo and Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP11400, Uruguay.,Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Av. Italia s/n, CP11600, Uruguay
| | - José L Badano
- Human Molecular Genetics Lab, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP11400, Uruguay
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20
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Xu X, Ma A, Li T, Cui W, Wang X, Li J, Li Q, Pang Y. Genetic and Functional Characterization of Novel Brown-Like Adipocytes Around the Lamprey Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:674939. [PMID: 34277616 PMCID: PMC8281276 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the process of vertebrate evolution, many thermogenic organs and mechanisms have appeared. Mammalian brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat through the uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria, acts as a natural defense against hypothermia and inhibits the development of obesity. Although the existence, cellular origin and molecular identity of BAT in humans have been well studied, the genetic and functional characteristics of BAT from lampreys remain unknown. Here, we identified and characterized a novel, naturally existing brown-like adipocytes at the lamprey brain periphery. Similar to human BAT, the lamprey brain periphery contains brown-like adipocytes that maintain the same morphology as human brown adipocytes, containing multilocular lipid droplets and high mitochondrion numbers. Furthermore, we found that brown-like adipocytes in the periphery of lamprey brains responded to thermogenic reagent treatment and cold exposure and that lamprey UCP2 promoted precursor adipocyte differentiation. Molecular mapping by RNA-sequencing showed that inflammation in brown-like adipocytes treated with LPS and 25HC was enhanced compared to controls. The results of this study provide new evidence for human BAT research and demonstrate the multilocular adipose cell functions of lampreys, including: (1) providing material energy and protecting structure, (2) generating additional heat and contributing to adaptation to low-temperature environments, and (3) resisting external pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLuan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - AnQi Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - TieSong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - WenXue Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - XueFeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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21
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Zebrafish and Flavonoids: Adjuvants against Obesity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103014. [PMID: 34069388 PMCID: PMC8158719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pathological condition, defined as an excessive accumulation of fat, primarily caused by an energy imbalance. The storage of excess energy in the form of triglycerides within the adipocyte leads to lipotoxicity and promotes the phenotypic switch in the M1/M2 macrophage. These changes induce the development of a chronic state of low-grade inflammation, subsequently generating obesity-related complications, commonly known as metabolic syndromes. Over the past decade, obesity has been studied in many animal models. However, due to its competitive aspects and unique characteristics, the use of zebrafish has begun to gain traction in experimental obesity research. To counteract obesity and its related comorbidities, several natural substances have been studied. One of those natural substances reported to have substantial biological effects on obesity are flavonoids. This review summarizes the results of studies that examined the effects of flavonoids on obesity and related diseases and the emergence of zebrafish as a model of diet-induced obesity.
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22
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Ambient temperature regulates uncoupling protein 1 expression but fails to induce adipocyte browning in zebrafish. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Wang T, Zhang T, Tang Y, Wang H, Wei Q, Lu Y, Yao J, Qu Y, Cao X. Oxysterol-binding protein-like 2 contributes to the developmental progression of preadipocytes by binding to β-catenin. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:109. [PMID: 34001864 PMCID: PMC8129138 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxysterol-binding protein-like 2 (OSBPL2), also known as oxysterol-binding protein-related protein (ORP) 2, is a member of lipid transfer protein well-known for its role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. A recent study reported that OSBPL2/ORP2 localizes to lipid droplets (LDs) and is associated with energy metabolism and obesity. However, the function of OSBPL2/ORP2 in adipocyte differentiation is poorly understood. Here, we report that OSBPL2/ORP2 contributes to the developmental progression of preadipocytes. We found that OSBPL2/ORP2 binds to β-catenin, a key effector in the Wnt signaling pathway that inhibits adipogenesis. This complex plays a role in regulating the protein level of β-catenin only in preadipocytes, not in mature adipocytes. Our data further indicated that OSBPL2/ORP2 mediates the transport of β-catenin into the nucleus and thus regulates target genes related to adipocyte differentiation. Deletion of OSBPL2/ORP2 markedly reduces β-catenin both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, promotes preadipocytes maturation, and ultimately leads to obesity-related characteristics. Altogether, we provide novel insight into the function of OSBPL2/ORP2 in the developmental progression of preadipocytes and suggest OSBPL2/ORP2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youzhi Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongshun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinjun Wei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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24
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Schwartz AV, Sant KE, Navarrete J, George UZ. Mathematical modeling of the interaction between yolk utilization and fish growth in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Development 2021; 148:261800. [PMID: 33960383 DOI: 10.1242/dev.193508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Optimal embryonic development plays a major role in the health of an individual beyond the developmental stage. Nutritional perturbation during development is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disease later in life. With both nutritional uptake and overall growth being risk factors for eventual health, it is necessary to understand not only the behavior of the processes during development but also their interactions. In this study, we used differential equations, image analyses, curve fittings, parameter estimation and laboratory experiments to quantify the rate of yolk absorption and its effect on early development of a vertebrate model (Danio rerio). Findings from this study establish a nonlinear functional relationship between nutrient absorption and early fish growth. We found that the rate of change in fish length and yolk utilization is logistic, that is the yolk decays rapidly for a period of time before leveling out. An interesting finding from this study is that yolk utilization reaches its maximum at 84 h post-fertilization. We validated our mathematical models against experimental observations, making them powerful tools for replication and future simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley V Schwartz
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Karilyn E Sant
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Julian Navarrete
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Uduak Z George
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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25
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Sant KE, Annunziato K, Conlin S, Teicher G, Chen P, Venezia O, Downes GB, Park Y, Timme-Laragy AR. Developmental exposures to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) impact embryonic nutrition, pancreatic morphology, and adiposity in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 275:116644. [PMID: 33581636 PMCID: PMC8101273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a persistent environmental contaminant previously found in consumer surfactants and industrial fire-fighting foams. PFOS has been widely implicated in metabolic dysfunction across the lifespan, including diabetes and obesity. However, the contributions of the embryonic environment to metabolic disease remain uncharacterized. This study seeks to identify perturbations in embryonic metabolism, pancreas development, and adiposity due to developmental and subchronic PFOS exposures and their persistence into later larval and juvenile periods. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 16 or 32 μM PFOS developmentally (1-5 days post fertilization; dpf) or subchronically (1-15 dpf). Embryonic fatty acid and macronutrient concentrations and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms were quantified in embryos. Pancreatic islet morphometry was assessed at 15 and 30 dpf, and adiposity and fish behavior were assessed at 15 dpf. Concentrations of lauric (C12:0) and myristic (C14:0) saturated fatty acids were increased by PFOS at 4 dpf, and PPAR gene expression was reduced. Incidence of aberrant islet morphologies, principal islet areas, and adiposity were increased in 15 dpf larvae and 30 dpf juvenile fish. Together, these data suggest that the embryonic period is a susceptible window of metabolic programming in response to PFOS exposures, and that these early exposures alone can have persisting effects later in the lifecourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn E Sant
- Division of Environmental Health, San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Kate Annunziato
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sarah Conlin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Gregory Teicher
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Phoebe Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Olivia Venezia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Gerald B Downes
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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26
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Generation of a Novel Transgenic Zebrafish for Studying Adipocyte Development and Metabolic Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083994. [PMID: 33924375 PMCID: PMC8069137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish have become a popular animal model for studying various biological processes and human diseases. The metabolic pathways and players conserved among zebrafish and mammals facilitate the use of zebrafish to understand the pathological mechanisms underlying various metabolic disorders in humans. Adipocytes play an important role in metabolic homeostasis, and zebrafish adipocytes have been characterized. However, a versatile and reliable zebrafish model for long-term monitoring of adipose tissues has not been reported. In this study, we generated stable transgenic zebrafish expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in adipocytes. The transgenic zebrafish harbored adipose tissues that could be detected using GFP fluorescence and the morphology of single adipocyte could be investigated in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated the applicability of this model to the long-term in vivo imaging of adipose tissue development and regulation based on nutrition. The transgenic zebrafish established in this study may serve as an excellent tool to advance the characterization of white adipose tissue in zebrafish, thereby aiding the development of therapeutic interventions to treat metabolic diseases in humans.
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27
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van de Venter M, Didloff J, Reddy S, Swanepoel B, Govender S, Dambuza NS, Williams S, Koekemoer TC, Venables L. Wild-Type Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Larvae as a Vertebrate Model for Diabetes and Comorbidities: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 11:E54. [PMID: 33396883 PMCID: PMC7824285 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish have become a popular alternative to higher animals in biomedical and pharmaceutical research. The development of stable mutant lines to model target specific aspects of many diseases, including diabetes, is well reported. However, these mutant lines are much more costly and challenging to maintain than wild-type zebrafish and are simply not an option for many research facilities. As an alternative to address the disadvantages of advanced mutant lines, wild-type larvae may represent a suitable option. In this review, we evaluate organ development in zebrafish larvae and discuss established methods that use wild-type zebrafish larvae up to seven days post fertilization to test for potential drug candidates for diabetes and its commonly associated conditions of oxidative stress and inflammation. This provides an up to date overview of the relevance of wild-type zebrafish larvae as a vertebrate antidiabetic model and confidence as an alternative tool for preclinical studies. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of established methods and suggest recommendations for future developments to promote the use of zebrafish, specifically larvae, rather than higher animals in the early phase of antidiabetic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryna van de Venter
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Jenske Didloff
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Shanika Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Bresler Swanepoel
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Sharlene Govender
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Ntokozo Shirley Dambuza
- Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa;
| | - Saralene Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Trevor Craig Koekemoer
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Luanne Venables
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa; (J.D.); (S.R.); (B.S.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (T.C.K.); (L.V.)
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28
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Nakayama H, Hata K, Matsuoka I, Zang L, Kim Y, Chu D, Juneja LR, Nishimura N, Shimada Y. Anti-Obesity Natural Products Tested in Juvenile Zebrafish Obesogenic Tests and Mouse 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis Assays. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245840. [PMID: 33322023 PMCID: PMC7764013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The obesity epidemic has been drastically progressing in both children and adults worldwide. Pharmacotherapy is considered necessary for its treatment. However, many anti-obesity drugs have been withdrawn from the market due to their adverse effects. Instead, natural products (NPs) have been studied as a source for drug discovery for obesity, with the goal of limiting the adverse effects. Zebrafish are ideal model animals for in vivo testing of anti-obesity NPs, and disease models of several types of obesity have been developed. However, the evidence for zebrafish as an anti-obesity drug screening model are still limited. (2) Methods: We performed anti-adipogenic testing using the juvenile zebrafish obesogenic test (ZOT) and mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes using the focused NP library containing 38 NPs and compared their results. (3) Results: Seven and eleven NPs reduced lipid accumulation in zebrafish visceral fat tissues and mouse adipocytes, respectively. Of these, five NPs suppressed lipid accumulation in both zebrafish and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We confirmed that these five NPs (globin-digested peptides, green tea extract, red pepper extract, nobiletin, and Moringa leaf powder) exerted anti-obesity effects in diet-induced obese adult zebrafish. (4) Conclusions: ZOT using juvenile fish can be a high-throughput alternative to ZOT using adult zebrafish and can be applied for in vivo screening to discover novel therapeutics for visceral obesity and potentially also other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nakayama
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (K.H.); (I.M.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kanae Hata
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (K.H.); (I.M.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Izumi Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (K.H.); (I.M.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (K.H.); (I.M.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Youngil Kim
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka 544-0012, Japan; (Y.K.); (D.C.); (L.R.J.)
| | - Djongchi Chu
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka 544-0012, Japan; (Y.K.); (D.C.); (L.R.J.)
| | - Lekh Raj Juneja
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka 544-0012, Japan; (Y.K.); (D.C.); (L.R.J.)
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (K.H.); (I.M.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-592-31-5411
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29
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Delgado ML, Manosalva A, Urbina MA, Habit E, Link O, Ruzzante DE. Genomic basis of the loss of diadromy in Galaxias maculatus: Insights from reciprocal transplant experiments. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:4857-4870. [PMID: 33048403 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diadromy is known for having major effects on the distribution and richness of aquatic species, and so does its loss. The loss of diadromy has led to the diversification of many species, yet research focusing on understanding its molecular basis and consequences are limited. This is particularly true for amphidromous species despite being the most abundant group of diadromous species. Galaxias maculatus, an amphidromous species and one of the most widely distributed fishes in the Southern Hemisphere, exhibits many instances of nonmigratory or resident populations. The existence of naturally replicated resident populations in Patagonia can serve as an ideal system for the study of the mechanisms that lead to the loss of the diadromy and its ecological and evolutionary consequences. Here, we studied two adjacent river systems in which resident populations are genetically differentiated yet derived from the same diadromous population. By combining a reciprocal transplant experiment with genomic data, we showed that the two resident populations followed different evolutionary pathways by exhibiting a differential response in their capacity to survive in salt water. While one resident population was able to survive salt water, the other was not. Genomic analyses provided insights into the genes that distinguished (a) migratory from nonmigratory populations; (b) populations that can vs those that cannot survive a saltwater environment; and (c) between these resident populations. This study demonstrates that the loss of diadromy can be achieved by different pathways and that environmental (selection) and random (genetic drift) forces shape this dynamic evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aliro Manosalva
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mauricio A Urbina
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía (IMO), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Evelyn Habit
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Oscar Link
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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Adaptation of blind cavefish to nutrient poor environments: uncovering diverse new mechanisms that regulate body fat levels. Dev Biol 2020; 463:99-100. [PMID: 30738814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Prata MNL, Charlie-Silva I, Gomes JMM, Barra A, Berg BB, Paiva IR, Melo DC, Klein A, Romero MGMC, Oliveira CC, Pimenta LPS, Júnior JDC, Perez AC. Anti-inflammatory and immune properties of the peltatoside, isolated from the leaves of Annona crassiflora Mart., in a new experimental model zebrafish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 101:234-243. [PMID: 32240748 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Establishing new animal models for the study of inflammation is very important in the process of discovering new drugs, since the inflammatory event is the basis of many pathological processes. Whereas rodent models have been the primary focus of inflammation research, we defend the zebrafish (Danio rerio) test as a feasible alternative for preclinical studies. Moreover, despite all the technological development already achieved by humanity, nature can still be considered a relevant source of new medicines. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of a substance isolated from the medicinal plant Annona crassilfora Mart, the peltatoside, in an inflammatory model of zebrafish. It was determined: (i) total leukocyte count in the coelomate exudate; (ii) N-acetyl-β-d-glucuronidase (NAG); (iii) myeloperoxidase (MPO); (iv) and the histology of liver, intestine and mesentery. Peltotoside (25, 50 and 100 μg) and dexamethasone (25 μg) were administered intracelomatically (i.c.) 30 min before carrageenan (i.c.). Pretreatment with peltatoside at three doses significantly inhibited leukocyte recruitment in the coelomic cavity, and inhibited NAG and MPO activity against the action of Cg, in a similar manner as dexamethasone. However, some microlesions in the evaluated organs were detected. The dose of 25 μg showed an anti-inflammatory effect with lower undesirable effects in the tissues. Our results suggest that the zebrafish test was satisfactory in performing our analyzes and that the peltotoside has a modulatory action in reducing leukocyte migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N L Prata
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - I Charlie-Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - J M M Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - A Barra
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - B B Berg
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - I R Paiva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - D C Melo
- Department of Zootechnics- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - A Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - M G M Castor Romero
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - C C Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - L P S Pimenta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - J D Corrêa Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - A C Perez
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil.
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Wiggenhauser LM, Kroll J. Vascular Damage in Obesity and Diabetes: Highlighting Links Between Endothelial Dysfunction and Metabolic Disease in Zebrafish and Man. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:476-490. [PMID: 30378499 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666181031101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an initial pathophysiological mechanism of vascular damage and is further recognized as an independent predictor of negative prognosis in diabetes-induced micro- and macrovascular complications. Insight into the capability of zebrafish to model metabolic disease like obesity and type II diabetes has increased and new evidence on the induction of vascular pathologies in zebrafish through metabolic disease is available. Here, we raise the question, if zebrafish can be utilized to study the initial impairments of vascular complications in metabolic disorders. In this review, we focus on the advances made to develop models of obesity and type II diabetes in zebrafish, discuss the key points and characteristics of these models, while highlighting the available information linked to the development of endothelial dysfunction in zebrafish and man. We show that larval and adult zebrafish develop metabolic dysregulation in the settings of obesity and diabetes, exhibiting pathophysiological mechanisms, which mimic the human condition. The most important genes related to endothelial dysfunction are present in zebrafish and further display similar functions as in mammals. Several suggested contributors to endothelial dysfunction found in these models, namely hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hyperleptinaemia are highlighted and the available data from zebrafish are summarised. Many underlying processes of endothelial dysfunction in obesity and diabetes are fundamentally present in zebrafish and provide ground for the assumption, that zebrafish can develop endothelial dysfunction. Conservation of basic biological mechanisms is established for zebrafish, but focused investigation on the subject is now needed as validation and particularly more research is necessary to understand the differences between zebrafish and man. The available data demonstrate the relevance of zebrafish as a model for metabolic disease and their ability to become a proponent for the investigation of vascular damage in the settings of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Moritz Wiggenhauser
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Kroll
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Anderson AP, Rose E, Flanagan SP, Jones AG. The Estrogen-Responsive Transcriptome of Female Secondary Sexual Traits in the Gulf Pipefish. J Hered 2020; 111:294-306. [PMID: 32124926 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism often results from hormonally regulated trait differences between the sexes. In sex-role-reversed vertebrates, females often have ornaments used in mating competition that are expected to be under hormonal control. Males of the sex-role-reversed Gulf pipefish (Syngnathus scovelli) develop female-typical traits when they are exposed to estrogens. We aimed to identify genes whose expression levels changed during the development and maintenance of female-specific ornaments. We performed RNA-sequencing on skin and muscle tissue in male Gulf pipefish with and without exposure to estrogen to investigate the transcriptome of the sexually dimorphic ornament of vertical iridescent bands found in females and estrogen-exposed males. We further compared differential gene expression patterns between males and females to generate a list of genes putatively involved in the female secondary sex traits of bands and body depth. A detailed analysis of estrogen-receptor binding sites demonstrates that estrogen-regulated genes tend to have nearby cis-regulatory elements. Our results identified a number of genes that differed between the sexes and confirmed that many of these were estrogen-responsive. These estrogen-regulated genes may be involved in the arrangement of chromatophores for color patterning, as well as in the growth of muscles to achieve the greater body depth typical of females in this species. In addition, anaerobic respiration and adipose tissue could be involved in the rigors of female courtship and mating competition. Overall, this study generates a number of interesting hypotheses regarding the genetic basis of a female ornament in a sex-role-reversed pipefish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Rose
- Department of Biology, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL
| | - Sarah P Flanagan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Adam G Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
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Martínez R, Navarro-Martín L, van Antro M, Fuertes I, Casado M, Barata C, Piña B. Changes in lipid profiles induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in zebrafish eleutheroembryos during the yolk sac absorption stage. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125704. [PMID: 31887487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA; 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol) has been shown to act as an obesogen and to disrupt lipid metabolism in zebrafish eleutheroembryos (ZE). To characterize the consequences of this disruption, we performed a detailed lipidomic study using ZE exposed to different BPA concentrations (0, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L of BPA) from day 2 to up to day 6 post fertilization (dpf). Total lipids at 4, 5 and 6 dpf were extracted by Folch method and analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) as wide-range preliminary screening. Selected conditions (0 and 6 mg/L of BPA) were used to obtain a high-quality lipid profile using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TOFMS). BPA exposed ZE exhibited increased amounts of triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholines (PC) and phosphatidylinositols (PI), regarding the control group. Analysis of time- and BPA exposure-related patterns of specific lipid species showed a clear influence of unsaturation degree (mostly in DG and PC) and/or fatty acid chain length (mostly in TG and PC derivatives) on their response to the presence of BPA. A decreased yolk-sac and energy consumption in exposed individuals appeared as the main reason for the observed BPA-driven effects. Integration of these results with previous morphological, biochemical, transcriptomic, metabolomic and behavioral data suggests a disruption of different signalling pathways by BPA that starts at very low BPA concentrations, whose effects propagate across different organization levels, and that cannot be only explained by the relatively weak estrogenic effect of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martínez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalunya, 08007, Spain.
| | - Laia Navarro-Martín
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Morgane van Antro
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, University of Namur, Namur, B5000, Belgium.
| | - Inmaculada Fuertes
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Marta Casado
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Benjamin Piña
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
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35
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Crawford KA, Clark BW, Heiger-Bernays WJ, Karchner SI, Hahn ME, Nacci DE, Schlezinger JJ. Tributyltin disrupts fin development in Fundulus heteroclitus from both PCB-sensitive and resistant populations: Investigations of potential interactions between AHR and PPARγ. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 218:105334. [PMID: 31743820 PMCID: PMC6935467 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental contaminants that are highly toxic to fish and co-occur in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), an estuarine Superfund site located in Massachusetts, USA. Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) that reside in NBH (and other highly contaminated sites along the east coast of the United States) have developed resistance to activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway and the toxicity of dioxin-like chemicals, such as 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, PCB126. In many biological systems, TBT disregulates adipose and bone development via the PPARγ-RXR pathway; AHR activation also disrupts adipose and bone homeostasis, potentially through molecular crosstalk between AHR and PPARγ. However, little is known about how co-exposure and the interaction of these pathways modulate the toxicological effects of these contaminants. Here, we tested the hypotheses that TBT would induce teratogenesis in killifish via activation of PPARγ and that PCB126 co-exposure would suppress PPARγ pathway activation in PCB-sensitive killifish from a reference site (Scorton Creek, SC, PCB-sensitive) but not in PCB-tolerant NBH killifish. Killifish embryos from both populations exposed to TBT (50 and 100 nM) displayed caudal fin deformities. TBT did not change the expression of pparg or its target genes related to adipogenesis (fabp11a and fabp1b) in either population. However, expression of osx/sp7, an osteoblast marker gene, and col2a1b, a chondroblast marker gene, was significantly suppressed by TBT only in SC killifish. An RXR-specific agonist, but not a PPARγ-specific agonist, induced caudal fin deformities like those observed in TBT-treated embryos. PCB126 did not induce caudal fin deformities and did not exacerbate TBT-induced fin deformities. Further, PCB126 increased expression of pparg in SC embryos and not NBH embryos, but did not change the expression of fabp1b. Taken together, these results suggest that in killifish embryos the PPARγ pathway is regulated in part by AHR, but is minimally active at least in this early life stage. In killifish, RXR activation, rather than PPARγ activation, appears to be the mechanism by which TBT induces caudal fin teratogenicity, which is not modulated by AHR responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Crawford
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - B W Clark
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - W J Heiger-Bernays
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - S I Karchner
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - M E Hahn
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - D E Nacci
- Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - J J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA.
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36
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Diet-Induced Growth Is Regulated via Acquired Leptin Resistance and Engages a Pomc-Somatostatin-Growth Hormone Circuit. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1728-1741. [PMID: 29742429 PMCID: PMC6015746 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc)/alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) neurons of the hypothalamic melanocortin system function as key regulators of energy homeostasis, also controlling somatic growth across different species. However, the mechanisms of melanocortin-dependent growth control still remain ill-defined. Here, we reveal a thus-far-unrecognized structural and functional connection between Pomc neurons and the somatotropic hypothalamo-pituitary axis. Excessive feeding of larval zebrafish causes leptin resistance and reduced levels of the hypothalamic satiety mediator pomca. In turn, this leads to reduced activation of hypophysiotropic somatostatin (Sst)-neurons that express the melanocortin receptor Mc4r, elevated growth hormone (GH) expression in the pituitary, and enhanced somatic growth. Mc4r expression and αMSH responsiveness are conserved in Sst-expressing hypothalamic neurons of mice. Thus, acquired leptin resistance and attenuation of pomca transcription in response to excessive caloric intake may represent an ancient mechanism to promote somatic growth when food resources are plentiful.
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37
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Elemans LM, Cervera IP, Riley SE, Wafer R, Fong R, Tandon P, Minchin JE. Quantitative analyses of adiposity dynamics in zebrafish. Adipocyte 2019; 8:330-338. [PMID: 31411107 PMCID: PMC6768273 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2019.1648175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues often exhibit subtle, quantitative differences between individuals, leading to a graded series of adiposity phenotypes at the population level. Robust, quantitative analyses are vital for studying these differences. In this Commentary we highlight two articles from our lab that employ sensitive new methods in zebrafish capable of delineating complex and quantitative adiposity phenotypes. In the first article, we utilized in vivo imaging to systematically quantify zebrafish adipose tissues. We identified 34 regionally distinct zebrafish adipose tissues and developed statistical models to predict the size and variance of each adipose tissue over the course of zebrafish growth. We then employed these models to identify effects of strain and diet on adipose tissue growth. In the second article, we employed deep phenotyping to study complex disease-related adiposity traits. Using this methodology, we identified that adipose tissues have unique capacities to re-deposit lipid following food restriction and re-feeding. These distinct re-deposition potentials led to widespread fat distribution changes following re-feeding. We discuss how these novel findings may provide relevance to health conditions such as anorexia nervosa. Together, the strategies described in these two articles can be used as unbiased and quantitative methods to uncover new relationships between genotype, diet and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes M.H. Elemans
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Susanna E. Riley
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Rebecca Wafer
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Rosalyn Fong
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Panna Tandon
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - James E.N. Minchin
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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38
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Black Raspberry ( Rubus coreanus Miquel) Promotes Browning of Preadipocytes and Inguinal White Adipose Tissue in Cold-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092164. [PMID: 31509935 PMCID: PMC6769844 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The alteration of white adipose tissue (WAT) "browning", a change of white into beige fat, has been considered as a new therapeutic strategy to treat obesity. In this study, we investigated the browning effect of black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miquel) using in vitro and in vivo models. Black raspberry water extract (BRWE) treatment inhibited lipid accumulation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and zebrafish. To evaluate the thermogenic activity, BRWE was orally administered for 2 weeks, and then, the mice were placed in a 4 °C environment. As a result, BRWE treatment increased rectal temperature and inguinal WAT (iWAT) thermogenesis by inducing the expression of beige fat specific markers such as PR domain zinc-finger protein 16 (PRDM16), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), and t-box protein 1 (TBX1) in cold-exposed mice. Furthermore, ellagic acid (EA), a constituent of BRWE, markedly promoted beige specific markers: UCP1, PGC1α, TBX1, and nuclear respiratory factor 1 in beige differentiation media (DM)-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our findings indicate that BRWE can promote beige differentiation/activation, and EA is the active compound responsible for such effect. Thus, we suggest the nature-derived agents BRWE and EA as potential agents for obesity treatment.
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39
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Faught E, Vijayan MM. Postnatal triglyceride accumulation is regulated by mineralocorticoid receptor activation under basal and stress conditions. J Physiol 2019; 597:4927-4941. [DOI: 10.1113/jp278088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Faught
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada
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40
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Fowler LA, Williams MB, Dennis-Cornelius LN, Farmer S, Barry RJ, Powell ML, Watts SA. Influence of Commercial and Laboratory Diets on Growth, Body Composition, and Reproduction in the Zebrafish Danio rerio. Zebrafish 2019; 16:508-521. [PMID: 31381491 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2019.1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The value of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism continues to expand. In developing the model, current feeding practice in zebrafish laboratories includes the use of commercially available diets. In this study, we compared outcomes in growth, body composition, and reproduction among zebrafish fed five highly utilized commercial diets and one formulated chemically defined reference diet. Wild-type zebrafish larvae were raised on live feed until 21 days postfertilization and then fed diets for 16 weeks. All fish received a daily ration of >5% of body weight (adjusted biweekly). Growth varied among diets throughout the feeding trial, and at study termination (week 16), significant differences among diets were observed for terminal weight gain, body condition index, body fat deposition, and reproductive outcomes. In addition, the proportion of viable embryos produced from females fed the formulated reference diet was high relative to the commercial diets. These data suggest that metabolic profiles, most likely reflecting nutrient/energy availability, utilization, and allocation, vary relative to diet in zebrafish. Undefined differences in metabolic profiles could result in erroneous predictions of health outcomes and make comparisons among laboratories more challenging. We recommend that dietary standards should be defined for zebrafish to support their common utility in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adele Fowler
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Michael B Williams
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Susan Farmer
- Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - R Jeff Barry
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mickie L Powell
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Stephen A Watts
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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41
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Dissecting metabolism using zebrafish models of disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:305-315. [PMID: 30700500 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are becoming an increasingly powerful model organism to study the role of metabolism in disease. Since its inception, the zebrafish model has relied on unique attributes such as the transparency of embryos, high fecundity and conservation with higher vertebrates, to perform phenotype-driven chemical and genetic screens. In this review, we describe how zebrafish have been used to reveal novel mechanisms by which metabolism regulates embryonic development, obesity, fatty liver disease and cancer. In addition, we will highlight how new approaches in advanced microscopy, transcriptomics and metabolomics using zebrafish as a model system have yielded fundamental insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of disease.
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42
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Audira G, Sarasamma S, Chen JR, Juniardi S, Sampurna BP, Liang ST, Lai YH, Lin GM, Hsieh MC, Hsiao CD. Zebrafish Mutants Carrying Leptin a (lepa) Gene Deficiency Display Obesity, Anxiety, Less Aggression and Fear, and Circadian Rhythm and Color Preference Dysregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124038. [PMID: 30551684 PMCID: PMC6320766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin, a hormone secreted by peripheral adipose tissues, regulates the appetite in animals. Recently, evidence has shown that leptin also plays roles in behavioral response in addition to controlling appetite. In this study, we examined the potential function of leptin on non-appetite behaviors in zebrafish model. By using genome editing tool of Transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), we successfully knocked out leptin a (lepa) gene by deleting 4 bp within coding region to create a premature-translation stop. Morphological and appetite analysis showed the lepa KO fish display a phenotype with obese, good appetite and elevation of Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and Ghrelin hormones, consistent with the canonical function of leptin in controlling food intake. By multiple behavior endpoint analyses, including novel tank, mirror biting, predator avoidance, social interaction, shoaling, circadian rhythm, and color preference assay, we found the lepa KO fish display an anxiogenic phenotype showing hyperactivity with rapid swimming, less freezing time, less fear to predator, loose shoaling area forming, and circadian rhythm and color preference dysregulations. Using biochemical assays, melatonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine and serotonin levels in the brain were found to be significantly reduced in lepa KO fish, while the levels of dopamine, glycine and cortisol in the brain were significantly elevated. In addition, the brain ROS level was elevated, and the anti-oxidative enzyme catalase level was reduced. Taken together, by performing loss-of-function multiple behavior endpoint testing and biochemical analysis, we provide strong evidence for a critical role of lepa gene in modulating anxiety, aggression, fear, and circadian rhythm behaviors in zebrafish for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Audira
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Sreeja Sarasamma
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Ren Chen
- Department of Biological Science & Technology College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Stevhen Juniardi
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | | | - Sung-Tzu Liang
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Geng-Ming Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State OceanicAdministration, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
- Center of Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
- Center of Biomedical Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
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43
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Fuentes R, Letelier J, Tajer B, Valdivia LE, Mullins MC. Fishing forward and reverse: Advances in zebrafish phenomics. Mech Dev 2018; 154:296-308. [PMID: 30130581 PMCID: PMC6289646 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how the genome instructs the phenotypic characteristics of an organism is one of the major scientific endeavors of our time. Advances in genetics have progressively deciphered the inheritance, identity and biological relevance of genetically encoded information, contributing to the rise of several, complementary omic disciplines. One of them is phenomics, an emergent area of biology dedicated to the systematic multi-scale analysis of phenotypic traits. This discipline provides valuable gene function information to the rapidly evolving field of genetics. Current molecular tools enable genome-wide analyses that link gene sequence to function in multi-cellular organisms, illuminating the genome-phenome relationship. Among vertebrates, zebrafish has emerged as an outstanding model organism for high-throughput phenotyping and modeling of human disorders. Advances in both systematic mutagenesis and phenotypic analyses of embryonic and post-embryonic stages in zebrafish have revealed the function of a valuable collection of genes and the general structure of several complex traits. In this review, we summarize multiple large-scale genetic efforts addressing parental, embryonic, and adult phenotyping in the zebrafish. The genetic and quantitative tools available in the zebrafish model, coupled with the broad spectrum of phenotypes that can be assayed, make it a powerful model for phenomics, well suited for the dissection of genotype-phenotype associations in development, physiology, health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Fuentes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joaquín Letelier
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CSIC/UPO/JA), Seville, Spain; Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamin Tajer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leonardo E Valdivia
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mary C Mullins
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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44
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Faillaci F, Milosa F, Critelli RM, Turola E, Schepis F, Villa E. Obese zebrafish: A small fish for a major human health condition. Animal Model Exp Med 2018; 1:255-265. [PMID: 30891575 PMCID: PMC6388073 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a silent worldwide epidemic, with a steady increase in both adults and children. To date, even though several drugs have been licensed for long-term obesity treatment, none of them are yet used in routine clinical practice. So far the only successful intervention has been behavioral therapy. A suitable and economic experimental model mimicking the human condition would therefore be extremely useful to evaluate preventive measures and novel treatments. Zebrafish are emerging as an important model system to study obesity and related metabolic disease. Remarkable similarities have been reported in lipid metabolism and the adipogenic pathway between zebrafish and mammals. Moreover, the zebrafish possesses a number of features-the relative inexpensiveness of animal husbandry, its optical transparency and the ability to produce a large number of offspring at low cost-that make it ideal for large-scale screening and for testing drugs and intervention. In this review, we summarize recent progress in using zebrafish as a model system to study obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. We describe several zebrafish models (in both larvae and adult animals) that develop obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using different approaches, including gene manipulation, diet manipulation and modification of microbiota composition. For these models, we have outlined the specific aspects related to obesity and its development and we have summarized their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Faillaci
- Department of Internal MedicineGastroenterology UnitUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
- Women in Hepatology GroupModenaItaly
| | - Fabiola Milosa
- Women in Hepatology GroupModenaItaly
- National Institute of Gastroenterology“S. de Bellis” Research HospitalCastellana GrotteItaly
| | - Rosina Maria Critelli
- Department of Internal MedicineGastroenterology UnitUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
- Women in Hepatology GroupModenaItaly
| | - Elena Turola
- Department of Internal MedicineEndocrinology UnitAOU of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Filippo Schepis
- Department of Internal MedicineGastroenterology UnitUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Erica Villa
- Department of Internal MedicineGastroenterology UnitUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
- Women in Hepatology GroupModenaItaly
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45
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Clark TS, Pandolfo LM, Marshall CM, Mitra AK, Schech JM. Body Condition Scoring for Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2018; 57. [PMID: 30360771 PMCID: PMC6241379 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-18-000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Body condition scoring (BCS) is a simple, rapid, noninvasive tool used to assess body condition in animals. In this study, wedeveloped and validated a diagram-based BCS for adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), a popular research model. After receiving 20min of hands-on training regarding the scoring system, 5 people each rated 95 adult zebrafish. The fish then were euthanizedand measured to establish body condition indices (BMI and the Fulton K factor). Both condition indices were highly correlatedwith fish width. Using correlation data and observed trends in fish width, we established expected BCS definitions. Wevalidated the BCS definitions in 2 ways. First, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient between the average observedBCS and expected BCS; this statistic revealed very strong correlation between observed and expected BCS. In addition, weassessed the predictive power of BCS by using multinomial logistic regression and then applied the fitted model to evaluatethe accuracy of the predictions (BCS compared with BMI, 85%; BCS compared with K factor, 61%). Finally, to determine therobustness of BCS to variation among raters, we calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient and demonstrated high interrater reliability. In conclusion, adult zebrafish BCS can be used to quickly identify animals with different body conditionindices (thin to obese). In addition, the diagram-based chart is easy to use and implement accurately, with minimal training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannia S Clark
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, Research Animal Management Branch (RAMB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lauren M Pandolfo
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, Research Animal Management Branch (RAMB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher M Marshall
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, Research Animal Management Branch (RAMB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Apratim K Mitra
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, Research Animal Management Branch (RAMB), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph M Schech
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, Research Animal Management Branch (RAMB), Bethesda, Maryland
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46
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Zang L, Maddison LA, Chen W. Zebrafish as a Model for Obesity and Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:91. [PMID: 30177968 PMCID: PMC6110173 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes now considered global epidemics. The prevalence rates of diabetes are increasing in parallel with the rates of obesity and the strong connection between these two diseases has been coined as “diabesity.” The health risks of overweight or obesity include Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary heart disease and cancer of numerous organs. Both obesity and diabetes are complex diseases that involve the interaction of genetics and environmental factors. The underlying pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes are not well understood and further research is needed for pharmacological and surgical management. Consequently, the use of animal models of obesity and/or diabetes is important for both improving the understanding of these diseases and to identify and develop effective treatments. Zebrafish is an attractive model system for studying metabolic diseases because of the functional conservation in lipid metabolism, adipose biology, pancreas structure, and glucose homeostasis. It is also suited for identification of novel targets associated with the risk and treatment of obesity and diabetes in humans. In this review, we highlight studies using zebrafish to model metabolic diseases, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of studying pathologies associated with obesity and diabetes in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Zang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Lisette A Maddison
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Wenbiao Chen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
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47
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Green AJ, Hoyo C, Mattingly CJ, Luo Y, Tzeng JY, Murphy SK, Buchwalter DB, Planchart A. Cadmium exposure increases the risk of juvenile obesity: a human and zebrafish comparative study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:1285-1295. [PMID: 29511319 PMCID: PMC6054604 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human obesity is a complex metabolic disorder disproportionately affecting people of lower socioeconomic strata, and ethnic minorities, especially African Americans and Hispanics. Although genetic predisposition and a positive energy balance are implicated in obesity, these factors alone do not account for the excess prevalence of obesity in lower socioeconomic populations. Therefore, environmental factors, including exposure to pesticides, heavy metals, and other contaminants, are agents widely suspected to have obesogenic activity, and they also are spatially correlated with lower socioeconomic status. Our study investigates the causal relationship between exposure to the heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), and obesity in a cohort of children and in a zebrafish model of adipogenesis. DESIGN An extensive collection of first trimester maternal blood samples obtained as part of the Newborn Epigenetics Study (NEST) was analyzed for the presence of Cd, and these results were cross analyzed with the weight-gain trajectory of the children through age 5 years. Next, the role of Cd as a potential obesogen was analyzed in an in vivo zebrafish model. RESULTS Our analysis indicates that the presence of Cd in maternal blood during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of juvenile obesity in the offspring, independent of other variables, including lead (Pb) and smoking status. Our results are recapitulated in a zebrafish model, in which exposure to Cd at levels approximating those observed in the NEST study is associated with increased adiposity. CONCLUSION Our findings identify Cd as a potential human obesogen. Moreover, these observations are recapitulated in a zebrafish model, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms may be evolutionarily conserved, and that zebrafish may be a valuable model for uncovering pathways leading to Cd-mediated obesity in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Carolyn J Mattingly
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Yiwen Luo
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jung-Ying Tzeng
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecological Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - David B Buchwalter
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Antonio Planchart
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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48
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Minchin JEN, Scahill CM, Staudt N, Busch-Nentwich EM, Rawls JF. Deep phenotyping in zebrafish reveals genetic and diet-induced adiposity changes that may inform disease risk. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1536-1545. [PMID: 29794036 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d084525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regional distribution of adipose tissues is implicated in a wide range of diseases. For example, proportional increases in visceral adipose tissue increase the risk for insulin resistance, diabetes, and CVD. Zebrafish offer a tractable model system by which to obtain unbiased and quantitative phenotypic information on regional adiposity, and deep phenotyping can explore complex disease-related adiposity traits. To facilitate deep phenotyping of zebrafish adiposity traits, we used pairwise correlations between 67 adiposity traits to generate stage-specific adiposity profiles that describe changing adiposity patterns and relationships during growth. Linear discriminant analysis classified individual fish according to an adiposity profile with 87.5% accuracy. Deep phenotyping of eight previously uncharacterized zebrafish mutants identified neuropilin 2b as a novel gene that alters adipose distribution. When we applied deep phenotyping to identify changes in adiposity during diet manipulations, zebrafish that underwent food restriction and refeeding had widespread adiposity changes when compared with continuously fed, equivalently sized control animals. In particular, internal adipose tissues (e.g., visceral adipose) exhibited a reduced capacity to replenish lipid following food restriction. Together, these results in zebrafish establish a new deep phenotyping technique as an unbiased and quantitative method to help uncover new relationships between genotype, diet, and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E N Minchin
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH16 4TJ .,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Catherine M Scahill
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom, CB10 1SA
| | - Nicole Staudt
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom, CB10 1SA
| | - Elisabeth M Busch-Nentwich
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom, CB10 1SA.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB2 0QQ
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB2 0QQ
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49
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Wang W, Zhang X, Wang Z, Qin J, Wang W, Tian H, Ru S. Bisphenol S induces obesogenic effects through deregulating lipid metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:286-296. [PMID: 29448196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that dramatic increase in obesity may be caused by growing exposure to environmental chemicals. In vitro data has suggested bisphenol S (BPS), a compound widely used in polycarbonate plastic production, can induce lipid accumulation in preadipocytes. However, the mechanisms responsible for BPS-induced obesity in vivo remain unclear. In this study, we used translucent zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae as a model to investigate the effect of environmentally relevant BPS exposure (1, 10, and 100 μg/L from 2 h to 15 d post fertilization) on lipid accumulation, triacylglycerol (TAG) and lipoproteins content, and mRNA expression of genes involved in the regulation of lipid synthesis, transport, degradation, and storage. We also analyzed activities of two enzymes critical to TAG metabolism: lipoprotein lipase and diglyceride acyltransferase. Overfed, obese larvae were used as positive control. The results indicated that BPS-treated and overfed larvae had much higher TAG levels and visceral fat accumulation compared with control. BPS exhibited obesogenic effects by interfering with lipid metabolism as evidenced by (a) upregulation of the mRNA expression of fasn, acc1, and agpat4 genes encoding enzymes involved in the de novo synthesis of TAG in the liver, (b) downregulation of apolipoprotein expression, which should reduce TAG transport from the liver, and (c) increase in rxrα expression, which should promote visceral fat accumulation. Our study is the first to demonstrate that the obesogenic effects of BPS in zebrafish are related to the disruption of TAG metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Zihao Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingyu Qin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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50
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Khazaee M, Ng CA. Evaluating parameter availability for physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:105-119. [PMID: 29265128 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00474e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are considered useful tools to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics. For accurate predictions, PBPK models require species-specific and compound-specific parameters. Zebrafish are considered an appropriate vertebrate model for investigating the toxicity of a wide variety of compounds. However, no specific mechanistic model exists for the pharmacokinetics of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in zebrafish, despite growing concern about this class of ubiquitous environmental contaminants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of knowledge for the parameters that would be needed to construct such a model for zebrafish. We chose perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as a model PFAA with greater data availability. We have updated a previous PBPK model for rainbow trout to simulate PFOA fate in zebrafish following waterborne exposure. For the first time, the model considers hepatobiliary circulation. In order to evaluate the availability of parameters to implement this model, we performed an extensive literature review to find zebrafish-specific parameters. As in previous approaches, we broadened our search to include mammalian and other fish studies when zebrafish-specific data were lacking. Based on the method used to measure or estimate parameters, or based on their species-specific origin, we scored and ranked the quality of available parameters. These scores were then used in Monte Carlo and partial rank correlation analyses to identify the most critical data gaps. The liver, where fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) and plasma proteins are considered, represented the best model-data agreement. Lack of agreement in other tissues suggest better parameters are needed. The results of our study highlight the lack of zebrafish-specific parameters. Based on sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, parameters associated with PFAA-protein interactions and passive diffusion need further refinement to enable development of predictive models for these emerging chemicals in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoochehr Khazaee
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 3700 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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