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Chen J, Jian L, Guo Y, Tang C, Huang Z, Gao J. Liver Cell Mitophagy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:729. [PMID: 38929168 PMCID: PMC11200567 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately one-third of the global population. MASLD and its advanced-stage liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are the leading causes of liver failure and liver-related death worldwide. Mitochondria are crucial organelles in liver cells for energy generation and the oxidative metabolism of fatty acids and carbohydrates. Recently, mitochondrial dysfunction in liver cells has been shown to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of MASLD and liver fibrosis. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, removes and recycles impaired mitochondria. Although significant advances have been made in understanding mitophagy in liver diseases, adequate summaries concerning the contribution of liver cell mitophagy to MASLD and liver fibrosis are lacking. This review will clarify the mechanism of liver cell mitophagy in the development of MASLD and liver fibrosis, including in hepatocytes, macrophages, hepatic stellate cells, and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. In addition, therapeutic strategies or compounds related to hepatic mitophagy are also summarized. In conclusion, mitophagy-related therapeutic strategies or compounds might be translational for the clinical treatment of MASLD and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linge Jian
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangkun Guo
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (C.T.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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Gai Z, Hu S, He Y, Yan S, Wang R, Gong G, Zhao J. L-arginine alleviates heat stress-induced mammary gland injury through modulating CASTOR1-mTORC1 axis mediated mitochondrial homeostasis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172017. [PMID: 38552976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
As global warming intensifies, extreme heat is becoming increasingly frequent. These extreme heatwaves have decreased the milk production of dairy animals such as cows and goats and have caused significant damage to the entire dairy industry. It is known that heat stress (HS) can induce the apoptosis and autophagy of mammary epithelial cells (MECs), leading to a decrease in lactating MECs. L-arginine can effectively attenuate HS-induced decreases in milk yield, but the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we found that HS upregulated the arginine sensor CASTOR1 in mouse MECs. Arginine activated mTORC1 activity through CASTOR1 and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis through the mTORC1/PGC-1α/NRF1 pathway. Moreover, arginine inhibited mitophagy through the CASTOR1/PINK1/Parkin pathway. Mitochondrial homeostasis ensures ATP synthesis and a stable cellular redox state for MECs under HS, further alleviating HS-induced damage and improving the lactation performance of MECs. In conclusion, these findings reveal the molecular mechanisms by which L-arginine relieves HS-induced mammary gland injury, and suggest that the intake of arginine-based feeds or feed additives is a promising method to increase the milk yield of dairy animals in extreme heat conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchao Gai
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Songhao Hu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yujiao He
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Sijia Yan
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ranran Wang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Guoli Gong
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Jieqiong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
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3
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Chang JC, Chang HS, Chao YC, Huang CS, Lin CH, Wu ZS, Chang HJ, Liu CS, Chuang CS. Formoterol Acting via β2-Adrenoreceptor Restores Mitochondrial Dysfunction Caused by Parkinson's Disease-Related UQCRC1 Mutation and Improves Mitochondrial Homeostasis Including Dynamic and Transport. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:231. [PMID: 38666843 PMCID: PMC11048601 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Formoterol, a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonist, shows promise in various diseases, but its effectiveness in Parkinson's disease (PD) is debated, with unclear regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis. This study employed a cell model featuring mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1) variants associated with familial parkinsonism, demonstrating mitochondrial dysfunction and dynamic imbalance, exploring the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of formoterol. Results revealed that 24-h formoterol treatment enhanced cell proliferation, viability, and neuroprotection against oxidative stress. Mitochondrial function, encompassing DNA copy number, repatriation, and complex III-linked respiration, was comprehensively restored, along with the dynamic rebalance of fusion/fission events. Formoterol reduced extensive hypertubulation, in contrast to mitophagy, by significantly upregulating protein Drp-1, in contrast to fusion protein Mfn2, mitophagy-related protein Parkin. The upstream mechanism involved the restoration of ERK signaling and the inhibition of Akt overactivity, contingent on the activation of β2-adrenergic receptors. Formoterol additionally aided in segregating healthy mitochondria for distribution and transport, therefore normalizing mitochondrial arrangement in mutant cells. This study provides preliminary evidence that formoterol offers neuroprotection, acting as a mitochondrial dynamic balance regulator, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chih Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Shin Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chao
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shan Huang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Zhong-Sheng Wu
- Department of General Research Laboratory of Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Sen Chuang
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
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4
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Liu T, Wetzel L, Zhu Z, Kumaraguru P, Gorthi V, Yan Y, Bukhari MZ, Ermekbaeva A, Jeon H, Kee TR, Woo JAA, Kang DE. Disruption of Mitophagy Flux through the PARL-PINK1 Pathway by CHCHD10 Mutations or CHCHD10 Depletion. Cells 2023; 12:2781. [PMID: 38132101 PMCID: PMC10741529 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing 10 (CHCHD10) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein which is primarily mutated in the spectrum of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Endogenous CHCHD10 levels decline in the brains of ALS-FTD patients, and the CHCHD10S59L mutation in Drosophila induces dominant toxicity together with PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a protein critical for the induction of mitophagy. However, whether and how CHCHD10 variants regulate mitophagy flux in the mammalian brain is unknown. Here, we demonstrate through in vivo and in vitro models, as well as human FTD brain tissue, that ALS/FTD-linked CHCHD10 mutations (R15L and S59L) impair mitophagy flux and mitochondrial Parkin recruitment, whereas wild-type CHCHD10 (CHCHD10WT) normally enhances these measures. Specifically, we show that CHCHD10R15L and CHCHD10S59L mutations reduce PINK1 levels by increasing PARL activity, whereas CHCHD10WT produces the opposite results through its stronger interaction with PARL, suppressing its activity. Importantly, we also demonstrate that FTD brains with TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) pathology demonstrate disruption of the PARL-PINK1 pathway and that experimentally impairing mitophagy promotes TDP-43 aggregation. Thus, we provide herein new insights into the regulation of mitophagy and TDP-43 aggregation in the mammalian brain through the CHCHD10-PARL-PINK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Liam Wetzel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Zexi Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Pavan Kumaraguru
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Viraj Gorthi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Mohammed Zaheen Bukhari
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Aizara Ermekbaeva
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Hanna Jeon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Teresa R. Kee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Center & Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Jung-A Alexa Woo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - David E. Kang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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5
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Wu NS, Ma IC, Lin YF, Ko HJ, Loh JK, Hong YR. The mystery of phospho-Drp1 with four adaptors in cell cycle: when mitochondrial fission couples to cell fate decisions. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2485-2503. [PMID: 38053243 PMCID: PMC10802209 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2289753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent study had deepened our knowledge of the mitochondrial dynamics to classify mitochondrial fission into two types. To further clarify the relationship between the two distinct fission machinery and the four major adaptors of Drp1, we propose a model of mechanism elucidating the multiple functions of phospho-Drp1 with its adaptors during cell cycle and providing in-depth insights into the molecular basis and evolutionary implications in depth. The model highlights not only the clustering characteristics of different phospho-Drp1 with respective subsets of mitochondrial pro-fission adaptors but also the correlation, crosstalk and shifting between different clustering of phosphorylated Drp1-adaptors during different key fission situations. Particularly, phospho-Drp1 (Ser616) couples with Mff/MiD51 to exert mitochondrial division and phospho-Drp1 (Ser637) couples with MiD49/Fis1 to execute mitophagy in M-phase. We then apply the model to address the relationship of mitochondrial dynamics to Parkinson's disease (PD) and carcinogenesis. Our proposed model is indeed compatible with current research results and pathological observations, providing promising directions for future treatment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Siou Wu
- Department of Education, Hsin-Chu Branch, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I-Chu Ma
- Division of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- Department of Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Jiun Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Joon-Khim Loh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ren Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institutes of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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6
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Mehellou Y. Parkinson's Disease: Are PINK1 Activators Inching Closer to the Clinic? ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:870-874. [PMID: 37465300 PMCID: PMC10350934 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of PINK1 by small molecules has emerged as a promising strategy in treating Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent progress in this area has raised excitement around PINK1 activators as PD treatments, and herein we offer insight into these developments and their potential to deliver much needed novel PD treatments.
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7
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Lambourne O, Bell S, Wilhelm LP, Yarbrough EB, Holly GG, Russell OM, Alghamdi AM, Fdel AM, Varricchio C, Lane EL, Ganley IG, Jones AT, Goldberg MS, Mehellou Y. PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy Inhibits Elevated Ubiquitin Phosphorylation Caused by Mitochondrial Damage. J Med Chem 2023; 66:7645-7656. [PMID: 37248632 PMCID: PMC10258795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin phosphorylation by the mitochondrial protein kinase PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), upon mitochondrial depolarization, is an important intermediate step in the recycling of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. As mutations in PINK1 can cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), there has been a growing interest in small-molecule activators of PINK1-mediated mitophagy as potential PD treatments. Herein, we show that N6-substituted adenosines, such as N6-(2-furanylmethyl)adenosine (known as kinetin riboside) and N6-benzyladenosine, activate PINK1 in HeLa cells and induce PINK1-dependent mitophagy in primary mouse fibroblasts. Interestingly, pre-treatment of HeLa cells and astrocytes with these compounds inhibited elevated ubiquitin phosphorylation that is induced by established mitochondrial depolarizing agents, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazine and niclosamide. Together, this highlights N6-substituted adenosines as progenitor PINK1 activators that could potentially be developed, in the future, as treatments for aged and sporadic PD patients who have elevated phosphorylated ubiquitin levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia
A. Lambourne
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Shane Bell
- Wellcome
Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle
University, Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Léa P. Wilhelm
- MRC
Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, U.K.
| | - Erika B. Yarbrough
- Center
for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of
Neurology, The University of Alabama at
Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Gabriel G. Holly
- Center
for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of
Neurology, The University of Alabama at
Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Oliver M. Russell
- Wellcome
Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle
University, Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Arwa M. Alghamdi
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Azeza M. Fdel
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Carmine Varricchio
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Emma L. Lane
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- MRC
Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, U.K.
| | - Arwyn T. Jones
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
| | - Matthew S. Goldberg
- Center
for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of
Neurology, The University of Alabama at
Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Youcef Mehellou
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, U.K.
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8
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Chen B, Jin W. A comprehensive review of stroke-related signaling pathways and treatment in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1200061. [PMID: 37351420 PMCID: PMC10282194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the complex network of signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in stroke pathophysiology. It summarizes the historical progress of stroke-related signaling pathways, identifying potential interactions between them and emphasizing that stroke is a complex network disease. Of particular interest are the Hippo signaling pathway and ferroptosis signaling pathway, which remain understudied areas of research, and are therefore a focus of the review. The involvement of multiple signaling pathways, including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and AMPK in pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlights the complexity of stroke. The review also delves into the details of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies such as Rehmanniae and Astragalus, providing an analysis of the recent status of western medicine in the treatment of stroke and the advantages and disadvantages of TCM and western medicine in stroke treatment. The review proposes that since stroke is a network disease, TCM has the potential and advantages of a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action in the treatment of stroke. Therefore, it is suggested that future research should explore more treasures of TCM and develop new therapies from the perspective of stroke as a network disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Han R, Liu Y, Li S, Li XJ, Yang W. PINK1-PRKN mediated mitophagy: differences between in vitro and in vivo models. Autophagy 2023; 19:1396-1405. [PMID: 36282767 PMCID: PMC10240983 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2139080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a key intracellular process that selectively removes damaged mitochondria to prevent their accumulation that can cause neuronal degeneration. During mitophagy, PINK1 (PTEN induced kinase 1), a serine/threonine kinase, works with PRKN/parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to target damaged mitochondria to the lysosome for degradation. Mutations in the PINK1 and PRKN genes cause early-onset Parkinson disease that is also associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. There are a large number of reports indicating the critical role of PINK1 in mitophagy. However, most of these findings were obtained from in vitro experiments with exogenous PINK1 expression and acute damage of mitochondria by toxins. Recent studies using novel animal models suggest that PINK1-PRKN can also function independent of mitochondria. In this review, we highlight the major differences between in vitro and in vivo models for investigating PINK1 and discuss the potential mechanisms underlying these differences with the aim of understanding how PINK1 functions under different circumstances.Abbreviations: AAV: adeno-associated viruses;AD: Alzheimer disease; CCCP: carbonyl cyanidem-chlorophenyl hydrazone; HD: Huntington disease; MPTP: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; MTS: mitochondrial targeting sequence; PD: Parkinson diseases; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; UIM, ubiquitin interacting motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Trempe JF, Gehring K. Structural mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control mediated by PINK1 and parkin. J Mol Biol 2023:168090. [PMID: 37054910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and represents a looming public health crisis as the global population ages. While the etiology of the more common, idiopathic form of the disease remains unknown, the last ten years have seen a breakthrough in our understanding of the genetic forms related to two proteins that regulate a quality control system for the removal of damaged or non-functional mitochondria. Here, we review the structure of these proteins, PINK1, a protein kinase, and parkin, a ubiquitin ligase with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms responsible for their recognition of dysfunctional mitochondria and control of the subsequent ubiquitination cascade. Recent atomic structures have revealed the basis of PINK1 substrate specificity and the conformational changes responsible for activation of PINK1 and parkin catalytic activity. Progress in understanding the molecular basis of mitochondrial quality control promises to open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Trempe
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale
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11
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Shafique A, Brughera M, Lualdi M, Alberio T. The Role of Rab Proteins in Mitophagy: Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076268. [PMID: 37047239 PMCID: PMC10094445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and vesicular trafficking alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. It has become clear that pathogenetic pathways leading to neurodegeneration are often interconnected. Indeed, growing evidence suggests a concerted contribution of impaired mitophagy and vesicles formation in the dysregulation of neuronal homeostasis, contributing to neuronal cell death. Among the molecular factors involved in the trafficking of vesicles, Ras analog in brain (Rab) proteins seem to play a central role in mitochondrial quality checking and disposal through both canonical PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and novel alternative pathways. In turn, the lack of proper elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria has emerged as a possible causative/early event in some neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of major findings in recent years highlighting the role of Rab proteins in dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, which are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. A further effort should be made in the coming years to clarify the sequential order of events and the molecular factors involved in the different processes. A clear cause–effect view of the pathogenetic pathways may help in understanding the molecular basis of neurodegeneration.
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12
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Tryphena KP, Anuradha U, Kumar R, Rajan S, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Understanding the Involvement of microRNAs in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Their Role as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S187-S202. [PMID: 35848027 PMCID: PMC10473154 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting the elderly worldwide and causing significant movement impairments. The goal of PD treatment is to restore dopamine levels in the striatum and regulate movement symptoms. The lack of specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, as well as medication aimed at addressing the pathogenic mechanisms to decelerate the progression of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, are key roadblocks in the management of PD. Various pathogenic processes have been identified to be involved in the progression of PD, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a major contributor to the disease's pathogenesis. The regulation of mitochondrial functions is influenced by a variety of factors, including epigenetics. microRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic modulators involved in the regulation of gene expression and regulate a variety of proteins that essential for proper mitochondrial functioning. They are found to be dysregulated in PD, as evidenced by biological samples from PD patients and in vitro and in vivo research. In this article, we attempt to provide an overview of several miRNAs linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Urati Anuradha
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rohith Kumar
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shruti Rajan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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13
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Vezza T, Díaz-Pozo P, Canet F, de Marañón AM, Abad-Jiménez Z, García-Gargallo C, Roldan I, Solá E, Bañuls C, López-Domènech S, Rocha M, Víctor VM. The Role of Mitochondrial Dynamic Dysfunction in Age-Associated Type 2 Diabetes. World J Mens Health 2022; 40:399-411. [PMID: 35021300 PMCID: PMC9253806 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics, such as fusion and fission, play a critical role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. The molecular mechanisms underlying these processes include fusion proteins (Mitofusin 1 [MFN1], Mitofusin 2 [MFN2], and optic atrophy 1 [OPA1]) and fission mediators (mitochondrial fission 1 [FIS1] and dynamin-related protein 1 [DRP1]), which interact with each other to ensure mitochondrial quality control. Interestingly, defects in these proteins can lead to the loss of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity, impairment of mitochondrial function, a severe alteration of mitochondrial morphology, and eventually cell death. Emerging evidence has revealed a causal relationship between dysregulation of mitochondria dynamics and age-associated type 2 diabetes, a metabolic disease whose rates have reached an alarming epidemic-like level with the majority of cases (59%) recorded in men aged 65 and over. In this sense, fragmentation of mitochondrial networks is often associated with defects in cellular energy production and increased apoptosis, leading, in turn, to excessive reactive oxygen species release, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic alterations, which can ultimately contribute to β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. The present review discusses the processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission and their dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, with special attention given to the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics in this complex metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vezza
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Díaz-Pozo
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Canet
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu M de Marañón
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Zaida Abad-Jiménez
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia García-Gargallo
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ildefonso Roldan
- Service of Cardiology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Solá
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Sandra López-Domènech
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- National Network of Biomedical Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- National Network of Biomedical Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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14
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Wang D, Niu Z, Wang X. The Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNA in Autophagy in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:822669. [PMID: 35370737 PMCID: PMC8970621 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.822669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thrombolysis, coronary artery bypass grafting and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) are the best interventions to restore reperfusion and relieve the ischemic myocardium, however, the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) largely offsets the benefits of revascularization in patients. Studies have demonstrated that autophagy is one of the important mechanisms mediating the occurrence of the MIRI, while non-coding RNAs are the main regulatory factors of autophagy, which plays an important role in the autophagy-related mTOR signaling pathways and the process of autophagosome formation Therefore, non-coding RNAs may be used as novel clinical diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in the diagnosis and treatment of the MIRI. In this review, we not only describe the effect of non-coding RNA regulation of autophagy on MIRI outcome, but also zero in on the regulation of non-coding RNA on autophagy-related mTOR signaling pathways and mitophagy. Besides, we focus on how non-coding RNAs affect the outcome of MIRI by regulating autophagy induction, formation and extension of autophagic vesicles, and the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome. In addition, we summarize all non-coding RNAs reported in MIRI that can be served as possible druggable targets, hoping to provide a new idea for the prediction and treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenchao Niu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Does the Expression and Epigenetics of Genes Involved in Monogenic Forms of Parkinson’s Disease Influence Sporadic Forms? Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030479. [PMID: 35328033 PMCID: PMC8951612 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disorder characterized by a triad of motor symptoms (akinesia, rigidity, resting tremor) related to loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly in the Substantia nigra pars compacta. Diagnosis is often made after a substantial loss of neurons has already occurred, and while dopamine replacement therapies improve symptoms, they do not modify the course of the disease. Although some biological mechanisms involved in the disease have been identified, such as oxidative stress and accumulation of misfolded proteins, they do not explain entirely PD pathophysiology, and a need for a better understanding remains. Neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, appear to be the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The latter can alter gene expression by causing epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, post-translational modification of histones and non-coding RNAs. Regulation of genes responsible for monogenic forms of PD may be involved in sporadic PD. This review will focus on the epigenetic mechanisms regulating their expression, since these are the genes for which we currently have the most information available. Despite technical challenges, epigenetic epidemiology offers new insights on revealing altered biological pathways and identifying predictive biomarkers for the onset and progression of PD.
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16
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Kan S, Duan M, Liu Y, Wang C, Xie J. Role of Mitochondria in Physiology of Chondrocytes and Diseases of Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cartilage 2021; 13:1102S-1121S. [PMID: 34894777 PMCID: PMC8804744 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211063858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondria are recognized to be one of the most important organelles in chondrocytes for their role in triphosphate (ATP) generation through aerobic phosphorylation. Mitochondria also participate in many intracellular processes involving modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), responding to instantaneous hypoxia stress, regulating cytoplasmic transport of calcium ion, and directing mitophagy to maintain the homeostasis of individual chondrocytes. DESIGNS To summarize the specific role of mitochondria in chondrocytes, we screened related papers in PubMed database and the search strategy is ((mitochondria) AND (chondrocyte)) AND (English [Language]). The articles published in the past 5 years were included and 130 papers were studied. RESULTS In recent years, the integrity of mitochondrial structure has been regarded as a prerequisite for normal chondrocyte survival and defect in mitochondrial function has been found in cartilage-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the understanding of mitochondria in cartilage is still largely limited. The mechanism on how the changes in mitochondrial structure and function directly lead to the occurrence and development of cartilage-related diseases remains to be elusive. CONCLUSION This review aims to summarize the role of mitochondria in chondrocytes under the physiological and pathological changes from ATP generation, calcium homeostasis, redox regulation, mitophagy modulation, mitochondria biogenesis to immune response activation. The enhanced understanding of molecular mechanisms in mitochondria might offer some new cues for cartilage remodeling and pathological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- “111” Project Laboratory of
Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University,
Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,“111” Project Laboratory of
Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University,
Chongqing, China,Lab of Bone & Joint Disease, State
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan
University, Chengdu, China,Jing Xie, Lab of Bone & Joint Disease,
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
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17
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Rasool S, Veyron S, Soya N, Eldeeb MA, Lukacs GL, Fon EA, Trempe JF. Mechanism of PINK1 activation by autophosphorylation and insights into assembly on the TOM complex. Mol Cell 2021; 82:44-59.e6. [PMID: 34875213 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 cause autosomal-recessive Parkinson's disease. Mitochondrial damage results in PINK1 import arrest on the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex, resulting in the activation of its ubiquitin kinase activity by autophosphorylation and initiation of Parkin-dependent mitochondrial clearance. Herein, we report crystal structures of the entire cytosolic domain of insect PINK1. Our structures reveal a dimeric autophosphorylation complex targeting phosphorylation at the invariant Ser205 (human Ser228). The dimer interface requires insert 2, which is unique to PINK1. The structures also reveal how an N-terminal helix binds to the C-terminal extension and provide insights into stabilization of PINK1 on the core TOM complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafqat Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Veyron
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Naoto Soya
- Department of Physiology and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamed A Eldeeb
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill Parkinson Program and Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Trempe
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Soman SK, Dagda RK. Role of Cleaved PINK1 in Neuronal Development, Synaptogenesis, and Plasticity: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:769331. [PMID: 34795558 PMCID: PMC8593325 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.769331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Consistent with this concept, loss of function mutations in the serine/threonine kinase- PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase-1) causes autosomal recessive early onset PD. While the functional role of f-PINK1 (full-length PINK1) in clearing dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy is extensively documented, our understanding of specific physiological roles that the non-mitochondrial pool of PINK1 imparts in neurons is more limited. PINK1 is proteolytically processed in the intermembrane space and matrix of the mitochondria into functional cleaved products (c-PINK1) that are exported to the cytosol. While it is clear that posttranslational processing of PINK1 depends on the mitochondria's oxidative state and structural integrity, the functional roles of c-PINK1 in modulating neuronal functions are poorly understood. Here, we review the diverse roles played by c-PINK1 in modulating various neuronal functions. Specifically, we describe the non-canonical functional roles of PINK1, including but not limited to: governing mitochondrial movement, neuronal development, neuronal survival, and neurogenesis. We have published that c-PINK1 stimulates neuronal plasticity and differentiation via the PINK1-PKA-BDNF signaling cascade. In addition, we provide insight into how mitochondrial membrane potential-dependent processing of PINK1 confers conditional retrograde signaling functions to PINK1. Further studies delineating the role of c-PINK1 in neurons would increase our understanding regarding the role played by PINK1 in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smijin K Soman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States
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19
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Lizama BN, Otero PA, Chu CT. PINK1: Multiple mechanisms of neuroprotection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS 2021; 2:193-219. [PMID: 36035617 PMCID: PMC9416918 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irmvd.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Britney N. Lizama
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - P. Anthony Otero
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Charleen T. Chu
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases and Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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20
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Sierra-Fonseca JA, Hamdan JN, Cohen AA, Cardenas SM, Saucedo S, Lodoza GA, Gosselink KL. Neonatal Maternal Separation Modifies Proteostasis Marker Expression in the Adult Hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:661993. [PMID: 34447296 PMCID: PMC8383781 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.661993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to early-life stress (ELS) can persistently modify neuronal circuits and functions, and contribute to the expression of misfolded and aggregated proteins that are hallmarks of several neurodegenerative diseases. The healthy brain is able to clear dysfunctional proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Accumulating evidence indicates that impairment of these pathways contributes to enhanced protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. While stress is a known precipitant of neurological decline, few specific mechanistic links underlying this relationship have been identified. We hypothesized that neonatal maternal separation (MatSep), a well-established model of ELS, has the ability to alter the levels of UPS and ALP components in the brain, and thus has the potential to disrupt proteostasis. The expression of proteostasis-associated protein markers was evaluated by immunoblotting in the hippocampus and cortex of adult Wistar rats that were previously subjected to MatSep. We observed multiple sex- and MatSep-specific changes in the expression of proteins in the ALP, mitophagy, and UPS pathways, particularly in the hippocampus of adult animals. In contrast, MatSep had limited influence on proteostasis marker expression in the cortex of adult animals. Our results indicate that MatSep can selectively modify the intracellular protein degradation machinery in ways that may impact the development and progression of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Sierra-Fonseca
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jameel N Hamdan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Alexis A Cohen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States
| | - Sonia M Cardenas
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Sigifredo Saucedo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Gabriel A Lodoza
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Kristin L Gosselink
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pathology, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States
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21
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Lizama BN, Chu CT. Neuronal autophagy and mitophagy in Parkinson's disease. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:100972. [PMID: 34130867 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is the process by which cells can selectively or non-selectively remove damaged proteins and organelles. As the cell's main means of sequestering damaged mitochondria for removal, mitophagy is central to cellular function and survival. Research on autophagy and mitochondrial quality control has increased exponentially in relation to the pathogenesis of numerous disease conditions, from cancer and immune diseases to chronic neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding how components of the autophagic/mitophagic machinery are affected during disease, as well as the contextual relationship of autophagy with determining neuronal health and function, is essential to the goal of designing therapies for human disease. In this review, we will summarize key signaling molecules that consign damaged mitochondria for autophagic degradation, describe the relationship of genes linked to PD to autophagy/mitophagy dysfunction, and discuss additional roles of both mitochondrial and cytosolic pools of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) in mitochondrial homeostasis, dendritic morphogenesis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney N Lizama
- Dept of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Dept of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases and Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Our understanding of PD biology has been enriched by the identification of genes involved in its rare, inheritable forms, termed PARK genes. These genes encode proteins including α-syn, LRRK2, VPS35, parkin, PINK1, and DJ1, which can cause monogenetic PD when mutated. Investigating the cellular functions of these proteins has been instrumental in identifying signaling pathways that mediate pathology in PD and neuroprotective mechanisms active during homeostatic and pathological conditions. It is now evident that many PD-associated proteins perform multiple functions in PD-associated signaling pathways in neurons. Furthermore, several PARK proteins contribute to non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of neuron death, such as neuroinflammation. A comprehensive understanding of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous pathways involved in PD is essential for developing therapeutics that may slow or halt its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Panicker
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Preston Ge
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA.,Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA.,Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA
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23
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Xu J, Huang Y, Zhao J, Wu L, Qi Q, Liu Y, Li G, Li J, Liu H, Wu H. Cofilin: A Promising Protein Implicated in Cancer Metastasis and Apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:599065. [PMID: 33614640 PMCID: PMC7890941 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.599065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin is an actin-binding protein that regulates filament dynamics and depolymerization. The over-expression of cofilin is observed in various cancers, cofilin promotes cancer metastasis by regulating cytoskeletal reorganization, lamellipodium formation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Clinical treatment of cancer regarding cofilin has been explored in aspects of tumor cells apoptosis and cofilin related miRNAs. This review addresses the structure and phosphorylation of cofilin and describes recent findings regarding the function of cofilin in regulating cancer metastasis and apoptosis in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jimeng Zhao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Qi
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guona Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Huang C, Bian J, Cao Q, Chen XM, Pollock CA. The Mitochondrial Kinase PINK1 in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041525. [PMID: 33546409 PMCID: PMC7913536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical organelles that play a key role in cellular metabolism, survival, and homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. The function of mitochondria is critically regulated by several mitochondrial protein kinases, including the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). The focus of PINK1 research has been centered on neuronal diseases. Recent studies have revealed a close link between PINK1 and many other diseases including kidney diseases. This review will provide a concise summary of PINK1 and its regulation of mitochondrial function in health and disease. The physiological role of PINK1 in the major cells involved in diabetic kidney disease including proximal tubular cells and podocytes will also be summarized. Collectively, these studies suggested that targeting PINK1 may offer a promising alternative for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Huang
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.A.P.); Tel.: +61-2-9926-4784 (C.H.); +61-2-9926-4652 (C.A.P.)
| | | | | | | | - Carol A. Pollock
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.A.P.); Tel.: +61-2-9926-4784 (C.H.); +61-2-9926-4652 (C.A.P.)
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25
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Bharadwaj P, Garg M, Verdile G, Guillemin GJ, Martins RN. Targeting Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1273-1297. [PMID: 33285629 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform many essential cellular functions including energy production, calcium homeostasis, transduction of metabolic and stress signals, and mediating cell survival and death. Maintaining viable populations of mitochondria is therefore critical for normal cell function. The selective disposal of damaged mitochondria, by a pathway known as mitophagy, plays a key role in preserving mitochondrial integrity and quality. Mitophagy reduces the formation of reactive oxygen species and is considered as a protective cellular process. Mitochondrial dysfunction and deficits of mitophagy have important roles in aging and especially in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Targeting mitophagy pathways has been suggested to have potential therapeutic effects against AD. In this review, we aim to briefly discuss the emerging concepts on mitophagy, molecular regulation of the mitophagy process, current mitophagy detection methods, and mitophagy dysfunction in AD. Finally, we will also briefly examine the stimulation of mitophagy as an approach for attenuating neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona P W Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Prashant Bharadwaj
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Manohar Garg
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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26
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Xu Y, Tang Y, Lu J, Zhang W, Zhu Y, Zhang S, Ma G, Jiang P, Zhang W. PINK1-mediated mitophagy protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by restraining NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:871-886. [PMID: 32947010 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in Kupffer cells (KCs) contributes significantly to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, while the mechanism of how NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated remains less well defined. Recent evidence has showed that mitophagy acts as a central player for maintaining mitochondrial homeostatis through elimination of damaged mitochondria, leading to the prevention of hyperinflammation triggered by NLRP3 activation. In this study, we aimed at investigating the potential role of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-mediated mitophagy in hepatic I/R injury. C57BL/6 mice subjected to partial warm hepatic I/R or primary KCs exposed to anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) was used as in vivo or in vitro model, respectively. Mitophagy was measured by protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, LC3B-II, TOMM20 and p62. NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β at mRNA and/or protein levels were used as indicators of inflammasome activation. Our results demonstrated remarkable hepatic inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation during hepatic I/R, along with increased PINK1-mediated mitophagy. Notably, overexpression of PINK1 in vivo attenuated hepatic I/R injury, ROS production, NLRP3 activation and hepatic inflammation. In parallel, A/R challenge in vitro also triggered NLRP3 activation in KCs accompanied by increase in mitophagy. Enhanced mitophagy mediated by PINK1 overexpression further inhibited NLRP3 activation and reversed the KC-mediated inflammatory injury to hepatocytes. Kinase-dead mutation of PINK1 completely abolished the above protective effects by PINK1. Blocking of mitophagy/autophagy by silencing of PINK1/Parkin, ATG5, NDP52 or OPTN showed the totally opposite effects, respectively. Treatment with different autophagic inhibitors also consistently reversed the PINK1-mediated effects, suggesting that an intact PINK1-mediated mitophagy signaling was crucial for ablation of NLRP3 signaling in the presence of A/R. Together, these results support a critical role of PINK1-mediated mitophagy in mitochondrial quality control for KC activation and function in hepatic I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yinbing Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weiya Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shouliang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Gui Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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27
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Pakpian N, Phopin K, Kitidee K, Govitrapong P, Wongchitrat P. Alterations in Mitochondrial Dynamic-related Genes in the Peripheral Blood of Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:616-625. [PMID: 33023448 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201006162538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological feature that manifests early in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The disruption of mitochondrial dynamics contributes to mitochondrial morphological and functional impairments. Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of genes involved in amyloid beta generation was altered in the peripheral blood of AD patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to further investigate the relative levels of mitochondrial genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fission and fusion, and mitophagy in peripheral blood samples from patients with AD compared to healthy controls. METHODS The mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Gene expression profiles were assessed in relation to cognitive performance. RESULTS Significant changes were observed in the mRNA expression levels of fission-related genes; Fission1 (FIS1) levels in AD subjects were significantly higher than those in healthy controls, whereas Dynamin- related protein 1 (DRP1) expression was significantly lower in AD subjects. The levels of the mitophagy-related genes, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), were significantly increased in AD subjects and elderly controls compared to healthy young controls. The mRNA levels of Parkin (PARK2) were significantly decreased in AD. Correlations were found between the expression levels of FIS1, DRP1 and PARK2 and cognitive performance scores. CONCLUSION Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics in the blood may reflect impairments in mitochondrial functions in the central and peripheral tissues of AD patients. Mitochondrial fission, together with mitophagy gene profiles, might be potential considerations for the future development of blood-based biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattaporn Pakpian
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kuntida Kitidee
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Prapimpun Wongchitrat
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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28
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N Kolodkin A, Sharma RP, Colangelo AM, Ignatenko A, Martorana F, Jennen D, Briedé JJ, Brady N, Barberis M, Mondeel TDGA, Papa M, Kumar V, Peters B, Skupin A, Alberghina L, Balling R, Westerhoff HV. ROS networks: designs, aging, Parkinson's disease and precision therapies. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2020; 6:34. [PMID: 33106503 PMCID: PMC7589522 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-020-00150-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
How the network around ROS protects against oxidative stress and Parkinson's disease (PD), and how processes at the minutes timescale cause disease and aging after decades, remains enigmatic. Challenging whether the ROS network is as complex as it seems, we built a fairly comprehensive version thereof which we disentangled into a hierarchy of only five simpler subnetworks each delivering one type of robustness. The comprehensive dynamic model described in vitro data sets from two independent laboratories. Notwithstanding its five-fold robustness, it exhibited a relatively sudden breakdown, after some 80 years of virtually steady performance: it predicted aging. PD-related conditions such as lack of DJ-1 protein or increased α-synuclein accelerated the collapse, while antioxidants or caffeine retarded it. Introducing a new concept (aging-time-control coefficient), we found that as many as 25 out of 57 molecular processes controlled aging. We identified new targets for "life-extending interventions": mitochondrial synthesis, KEAP1 degradation, and p62 metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Kolodkin
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.NL), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Raju Prasad Sharma
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Maria Colangelo
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.IT), Milan, Italy
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology (ISBE.IT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience "R Levi-Montalcini" Dept of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew Ignatenko
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Francesca Martorana
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.IT), Milan, Italy
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology (ISBE.IT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience "R Levi-Montalcini" Dept of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Danyel Jennen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco J Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nathan Brady
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Thierry D G A Mondeel
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Michele Papa
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology (ISBE.IT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.IT), Naples, Italy
- Department of Mental and Physical Health, University of Campania-L. Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Bernhard Peters
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alexander Skupin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Lilia Alberghina
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.IT), Milan, Italy
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology (ISBE.IT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Rudi Balling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Hans V Westerhoff
- Infrastructure for Systems Biology Europe (ISBE.NL), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Molecular Cell Physiology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, School for Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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29
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Wang N, Zhu P, Huang R, Wang C, Sun L, Lan B, He Y, Zhao H, Gao Y. PINK1: The guard of mitochondria. Life Sci 2020; 259:118247. [PMID: 32805222 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) performs many important functions in cells and has been highlighted for its role in early-onset Parkinson's disease. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have revealed the involvement of PINK1 in regulation of a variety of cell physiological and pathophysiological processes, of which regulation of mitochondrial function remains the most prominent. As the "energy factory" of cells, mitochondria provide energy support for various cellular activities. Changes in mitochondrial function often have a fundamental and global impact on cellular activities. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in many diseases, especially those related to aging. Thus, a comprehensive study of PINK1 will help us better understand the various cell physiological and pathophysiological processes in which PINK1 is involved, including a variety of mitochondria-related diseases such as Parkinson's disease. This article will review the structural characteristics and expression regulation of PINK1, as well as its unique role in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China
| | - Peining Zhu
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China
| | | | - Chong Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, China
| | - Beiwu Lan
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China
| | - Yichun He
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China
| | | | - Yufei Gao
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, China.
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30
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Martín-Maestro P, Gargini R, García E, Simón D, Avila J, García-Escudero V. Mitophagy Failure in APP and Tau Overexpression Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:525-540. [PMID: 31256128 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial alterations and oxidative stress are common features of Alzheimer's disease brain and peripheral tissues. Moreover, mitochondrial recycling process by autophagy has been found altered in the sporadic form of the disease. However, the contribution of the main proteins involved in this pathology such as amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) and tau needs to be achieved. With this aim, human unmodified fibroblasts were transduced with lentivectors encoding APP and Tau and treated with CCCP to study the mitophagy process. Both AβPP and tau separately increased autophagy flux mainly by improving degradation phase. However, in the specific case of mitophagy, labeling of mitochondria by PINK1 and PARK2 to be degraded by autophagy seemed reduced, which correlates with the long-term accumulation of mitochondria. Nevertheless, the combination of tau and AβPP was necessary to cause a mitophagy functional impairment reflected in the accumulation of depolarized mitochondria labeled by PINK1. The overexpression of Tau and APP recapitulates the mitophagy failure previously found in sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martín-Maestro
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gargini
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Neuro-oncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-UFIEC, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Simón
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Avila
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vega García-Escudero
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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31
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The PARK2 Mutation Associated with Parkinson's Disease Enhances the Vulnerability of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes to Paraquat. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4658109. [PMID: 33029508 PMCID: PMC7527951 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4658109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of PD are still unclear and there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for early molecular diagnosis. Parkin (encoded by PARK2) is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that participates in mitochondrial homeostasis, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, oxidative stress response, and cell death pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of PD. However, Parkin is also expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). In this study, permanent lymphocyte lines were established from the peripheral blood of sporadic PD (sPD) patients, PARK2 mutation carriers, and healthy controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, and apoptosis were analyzed in the PBLs. There was no significant difference in ROS, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, and apoptosis between the experimental groups and the control group without paraquat treatment. Compared with the control group of healthy subjects, we found an increase of ROS (control 100 ± 0, sPD 275.53 ± 79.11, and C441R 340 ± 99.67) and apoptosis, as well as a decline in the function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I in PBLs of PARK2 mutation carriers and sPD after the treatment of paraquat (control 0.65 ± 0.08, sPD 0.44 ± 0.08, and C441R 0.32 ± 0.08). Moreover, overexpression of the wild-type (WT) PARK2 in HeLa cells and immortalized PBLs could rescue mitochondrial function and partially inhibit apoptosis following paraquat treatment, while the C441R mutation could not. Thus, ROS levels, activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, and apoptosis of PBLs are potential diagnostic biomarkers of PD.
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32
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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33
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Bento-Pereira C, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Activation of transcription factor Nrf2 to counteract mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:785-802. [PMID: 32681666 DOI: 10.1002/med.21714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, for which no disease-modifying therapies are available to date. Although understanding of the precise aetiology of PD is incomplete, it is clear that age, genetic predisposition and environmental stressors increase the risk. At the cellular level, oxidative stress, chronic neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant protein aggregation have been implicated as contributing factors. These detrimental processes are counteracted by elaborate networks of cellular defence mechanisms, one of which is orchestrated by transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2; gene name NFE2L2). A wealth of preclinical evidence suggests that Nrf2 activation is beneficial in cellular and animal models of PD. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD, the role of Nrf2 in mitochondrial function and explore the potential of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for mitochondrial dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bento-Pereira
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK.,Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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34
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Thomas R, Hallett PJ, Isacson O. Experimental studies of mitochondrial and lysosomal function in in vitro and in vivo models relevant to Parkinson's disease genetic risk. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 154:279-302. [PMID: 32739007 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have identified the involvement of mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. In this review we discuss recent work that has identified deficits in mitophagy, mitochondrial network formation, increased sensitivity to mitochondrial stressors and alterations in proteins regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion associated with patient-derived fibroblasts harboring mutations in LRRK2 gene and from sporadic PD patient cells. We further focus on alterations of lysosomal enzymes, in particular glucocerebrosidase activity, and resultant lipid dyshomeostasis in PD and aging, in human tissue and in vivo rodent models. Future studies aimed at understanding the convergence of mitochondrial and lysosomal pathways will be of essence for the identification of unique cellular defects in PD and for the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Thomas
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.
| | - Penelope J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.
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Brahmachari S, Lee S, Kim S, Yuan C, Karuppagounder SS, Ge P, Shi R, Kim EJ, Liu A, Kim D, Quintin S, Jiang H, Kumar M, Yun SP, Kam TI, Mao X, Lee Y, Swing DA, Tessarollo L, Ko HS, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Parkin interacting substrate zinc finger protein 746 is a pathological mediator in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2020; 142:2380-2401. [PMID: 31237944 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein misfolding and aggregation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Although loss of function mutations in the ubiquitin ligase, parkin, cause autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease, there is evidence that parkin is inactivated in sporadic Parkinson's disease. Whether parkin inactivation is a driver of neurodegeneration in sporadic Parkinson's disease or a mere spectator is unknown. Here we show that parkin in inactivated through c-Abelson kinase phosphorylation of parkin in three α-synuclein-induced models of neurodegeneration. This results in the accumulation of parkin interacting substrate protein (zinc finger protein 746) and aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex interacting multifunctional protein 2 with increased parkin interacting substrate protein levels playing a critical role in α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration, since knockout of parkin interacting substrate protein attenuates the degenerative process. Thus, accumulation of parkin interacting substrate protein links parkin inactivation and α-synuclein in a common pathogenic neurodegenerative pathway relevant to both sporadic and familial forms Parkinson's disease. Thus, suppression of parkin interacting substrate protein could be a potential therapeutic strategy to halt the progression of Parkinson's disease and related α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Brahmachari
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Saebom Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Changqing Yuan
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Senthilkumar S Karuppagounder
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Preston Ge
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Rosa Shi
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Esther J Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Alex Liu
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Donghoon Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Stephan Quintin
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Haisong Jiang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Tae-In Kam
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Xiaobo Mao
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Yunjong Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Deborah A Swing
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Shires SE, Quiles JM, Najor RH, Leon LJ, Cortez MQ, Lampert MA, Mark A, Gustafsson ÅB. Nuclear Parkin Activates the ERRα Transcriptional Program and Drives Widespread Changes in Gene Expression Following Hypoxia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8499. [PMID: 32444656 PMCID: PMC7244578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase well-known for facilitating clearance of damaged mitochondria by ubiquitinating proteins on the outer mitochondrial membrane. However, knowledge of Parkin's functions beyond mitophagy is still limited. Here, we demonstrate that Parkin has functions in the nucleus and that Parkinson's disease-associated Parkin mutants, ParkinR42P and ParkinG430D, are selectively excluded from the nucleus. Further, Parkin translocates to the nucleus in response to hypoxia which correlates with increased ubiquitination of nuclear proteins. The serine-threonine kinase PINK1 is responsible for recruiting Parkin to mitochondria, but translocation of Parkin to the nucleus occurs independently of PINK1. Transcriptomic analyses of HeLa cells overexpressing wild type or a nuclear-targeted Parkin revealed that during hypoxia, Parkin contributes to both increased and decreased transcription of genes involved in regulating multiple metabolic pathways. Furthermore, a proteomics screen comparing ubiquitinated proteins in hearts from Parkin-/- and Parkin transgenic mice identified the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) as a potential Parkin target. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed that nuclear-targeted Parkin interacts with and ubiquitinates ERRα. Further analysis uncovered that nuclear Parkin increases the transcriptional activity of ERRα. Overall, our study supports diverse roles for Parkin and demonstrates that nuclear Parkin regulates transcription of genes involved in multiple metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Shires
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin M Quiles
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rita H Najor
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo J Leon
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Q Cortez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Lampert
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam Mark
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Verma M, Zhu J, Wang KZQ, Chu CT. Chronic treatment with the complex I inhibitor MPP + depletes endogenous PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) via up-regulation of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 6 (BAG6). J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7865-7876. [PMID: 32332095 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms that impair homeostatic responses to mitochondrial dysfunction remain unclear. Previously, we found that chronic, low-dose administration of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) dysregulates mitochondrial fission-fusion, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Given that PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) regulates mitochondrial function, dynamics, and turnover, we hypothesized that alterations in endogenous PINK1 levels contribute to depletion of mitochondria during chronic complex I injury. Here we found that chronic MPP+ treatment of differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells significantly decreases PINK1 expression prior to reductions in other mitochondrial components. Furthermore, Bcl2-associated athanogene 6 (BAG6, BAT3, or Scythe), a protein involved in protein quality control and degradation, was highly up-regulated during the chronic MPP+ treatment. BAG6 interacted with PINK1, and BAG6 overexpression decreased the half-life of PINK1. Conversely, siRNA-mediated BAG6 knockdown prevented chronic MPP+ stress-induced loss of PINK1, reversed MPP+-provoked mitochondrial changes, increased cell viability, and prevented MPP+-induced dendrite shrinkage in primary neurons. These results indicate that BAG6 up-regulation during chronic complex I inhibition contributes to mitochondrial pathology by decreasing the levels of endogenous PINK1. Given that recessive mutations in PINK1 cause familial PD, the finding of accelerated PINK1 degradation in the chronic MPP+ model suggests that PINK1 loss of function represents a point of convergence between the neurotoxic and genetic causes of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Verma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kent Z Q Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA .,Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Ma X, McKeen T, Zhang J, Ding WX. Role and Mechanisms of Mitophagy in Liver Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040837. [PMID: 32244304 PMCID: PMC7226762 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an organelle that plays a vital role in the regulation of hepatic cellular redox, lipid metabolism, and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with both acute and chronic liver diseases with emerging evidence indicating that mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy for damaged/excessive mitochondria, plays a key role in the liver’s physiology and pathophysiology. This review will focus on mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy regulation, and their roles in various liver diseases (alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, viral hepatitis, and cancer) with the hope that a better understanding of the molecular events and signaling pathways in mitophagy regulation will help identify promising targets for the future treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (X.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Tara McKeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (X.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (X.M.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-913-588-9813
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Pirooznia SK, Yuan C, Khan MR, Karuppagounder SS, Wang L, Xiong Y, Kang SU, Lee Y, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. PARIS induced defects in mitochondrial biogenesis drive dopamine neuron loss under conditions of parkin or PINK1 deficiency. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:17. [PMID: 32138754 PMCID: PMC7057660 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in PINK1 and parkin cause autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence placing PINK1 and parkin in common pathways regulating multiple aspects of mitochondrial quality control is burgeoning. However, compelling evidence to causatively link specific PINK1/parkin dependent mitochondrial pathways to dopamine neuron degeneration in PD is lacking. Although PINK1 and parkin are known to regulate mitophagy, emerging data suggest that defects in mitophagy are unlikely to be of pathological relevance. Mitochondrial functions of PINK1 and parkin are also tied to their proteasomal regulation of specific substrates. In this study, we examined how PINK1/parkin mediated regulation of the pathogenic substrate PARIS impacts dopaminergic mitochondrial network homeostasis and neuronal survival in Drosophila. METHODS The UAS-Gal4 system was employed for cell-type specific expression of the various transgenes. Effects on dopamine neuronal survival and function were assessed by anti-TH immunostaining and negative geotaxis assays. Mitochondrial effects were probed by quantitative analysis of mito-GFP labeled dopaminergic mitochondria, assessment of mitochondrial abundance in dopamine neurons isolated by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and qRT-PCR analysis of dopaminergic factors that promote mitochondrial biogenesis. Statistical analyses employed two-tailed Student's T-test, one-way or two-way ANOVA as required and data considered significant when P < 0.05. RESULTS We show that defects in mitochondrial biogenesis drive adult onset progressive loss of dopamine neurons and motor deficits in Drosophila models of PINK1 or parkin insufficiency. Such defects result from PARIS dependent repression of dopaminergic PGC-1α and its downstream transcription factors NRF1 and TFAM that cooperatively promote mitochondrial biogenesis. Dopaminergic accumulation of human or Drosophila PARIS recapitulates these neurodegenerative phenotypes that are effectively reversed by PINK1, parkin or PGC-1α overexpression in vivo. To our knowledge, PARIS is the only co-substrate of PINK1 and parkin to specifically accumulate in the DA neurons and cause neurodegeneration and locomotor defects stemming from disrupted dopamine signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify a highly conserved role for PINK1 and parkin in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and promoting mitochondrial health via the PARIS/ PGC-1α axis. The Drosophila models described here effectively recapitulate the cardinal PD phenotypes and thus will facilitate identification of novel regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis for physiologically relevant therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila K. Pirooznia
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
| | - Changqing Yuan
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
| | - Mohammed Repon Khan
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
| | - Senthilkumar S. Karuppagounder
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
| | - Luan Wang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
| | - Yulan Xiong
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - Sung Ung Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
| | - Yunjong Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Departments of Physiology, Baltimore, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Suite 731, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Iowa City, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685 USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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Yu S, Du M, Yin A, Mai Z, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wang X, Chen T. Bcl-xL inhibits PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy by preventing mitochondrial Parkin accumulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 122:105720. [PMID: 32088314 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This report aims to explore how Bcl-xL, a Bcl-2 family protein, regulates PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Compared with the Hela cells expressing Parkin alone, co-expression of Bcl-xL significantly inhibited CCCP (Carbonyl cyanide 3- chlorophenylhydrazone)-induced mitochondrial Parkin accumulation and mitophagy. Western blotting analysis illustrated that over-expressed Bcl-xL inhibited CCCP-induced decrease of mitochondrial proteins in Parkin over-expressed cells. Fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP) analyses demonstrated that Bcl-xL inhibited the CCCP-induced translocation of Parkin into mitochondria not by retrotranslocating Parkin from mitochondria to cytoplasm. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging revealed in Hela cells that Bcl-xL physically bound with Parkin to form oligomer in cytoplasm, and that Bcl-xL also directly interacted with PINK1 on mitochondria. analysis for HEK293 T cells verified that endogenous Bcl-xL interacted with both endogenous Parkin and PINK1. Collectively, Bcl-xL inhibits PINK1/Parkin- dependent mitophagy by preventing the accumulation of Parkin on mitochondria via two regulation ways: directly binds to Parkin in cytoplasm to prevent the translocation of Parkin from cytoplasm to mitochondria and directly binds to PINK1 on mitochondria to inhibit the Parkin from cytoplasm to mitochondria by PINK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Mengyan Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ao Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zihao Mai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Mengxin Zhao
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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41
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Yang X, Pan W, Xu G, Chen L. Mitophagy: A crucial modulator in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:245-254. [PMID: 31730816 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy is an autophagic process through which damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria are specifically degraded to maintain cellular homeostasis. It is highly regulated by various signaling pathways such as the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin and NIP3-like protein X (NIX)/BNIP3 pathways. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in inducing some pathological processes. Notably, some evidence suggesting the association of mitophagy with the occurrence of chronic diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury is available. Particularly, it has been reported that mitophagy could hinder the development of PD by activating the PINK1/Parkin pathway and acting as a defense mechanism against the induction of diabetes. Conversely, the induction of mitophagy plays dual roles in driving the process of cancer, AS, and MIR injury. In this review, we have explained the role and regulatory mechanisms through which mitophagy plays a role in these chronic pathologies. Importantly, the pharmacological targeting of mitophagy might prove to be a potential alternative for the treatment of these chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drugs Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Weinan Pan
- Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, No.345 Bachelor's Road, Yue Lu Science and Technology Industrial Park, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Gaosheng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Yueyang 414000, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drugs Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Furlong RM, Lindsay A, Anderson KE, Hawkins PT, Sullivan AM, O'Neill C. The Parkinson's disease gene PINK1 activates Akt via PINK1 kinase-dependent regulation of the phospholipid PI(3,4,5)P 3. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.233221. [PMID: 31540955 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.233221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt signalling is central to cell survival, metabolism, protein and lipid homeostasis, and is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Akt activation is reduced in the brain in PD, and by many PD-causing genes, including PINK1 This study investigated the mechanisms by which PINK1 regulates Akt signalling. Our results reveal for the first time that PINK1 constitutively activates Akt in a PINK1-kinase dependent manner in the absence of growth factors, and enhances Akt activation in normal growth medium. In PINK1-modified MEFs, agonist-induced Akt signalling failed in the absence of PINK1, due to PINK1 kinase-dependent increases in PI(3,4,5)P3 at both plasma membrane and Golgi being significantly impaired. In the absence of PINK1, PI(3,4,5)P3 levels did not increase in the Golgi, and there was significant Golgi fragmentation, a recognised characteristic of PD neuropathology. PINK1 kinase activity protected the Golgi from fragmentation in an Akt-dependent fashion. This study demonstrates a new role for PINK1 as a primary upstream activator of Akt via PINK1 kinase-dependent regulation of its primary activator PI(3,4,5)P3, providing novel mechanistic information on how loss of PINK1 impairs Akt signalling in PD.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Furlong
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork City T12 XF62, Ireland.,Cork NeuroScience Centre, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Andrew Lindsay
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Karen E Anderson
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Aideen M Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork City T12 XF62, Ireland.,Cork NeuroScience Centre, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Cora O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland .,Cork NeuroScience Centre, University College Cork, Cork City T12 YT20, Ireland
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43
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Guardia-Laguarta C, Liu Y, Lauritzen KH, Erdjument-Bromage H, Martin B, Swayne TC, Jiang X, Przedborski S. PINK1 Content in Mitochondria is Regulated by ER-Associated Degradation. J Neurosci 2019; 39:7074-7085. [PMID: 31300519 PMCID: PMC6733537 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1691-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a pool of functional mitochondria requires degradation of damaged ones within the cell. PINK1 is critical in this quality-control process: loss of mitochondrial membrane potential causes PINK1 to accumulate on the mitochondrial surface, triggering mitophagy. However, little is known about how PINK1 is regulated. Recently, we showed that PINK1 content is kept low in healthy mitochondria by continuous ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of its mature form via a mechanism inconsistent with the proposed N-end rule process. Using both human female and monkey cell lines, we now demonstrate that once generated within the mitochondria, 52 kDa PINK1 adopts a mitochondrial topology most consistent with it being at the mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interface. From this particular submitochondrial location, PINK1 interacts with components of the ER-associated degradation pathway, such as the E3 ligases gp78 and HRD1, which cooperate to catalyze PINK1 ubiquitination. The valosin-containing protein and its cofactor, UFD1, then target ubiquitinated PINK1 for proteasomal degradation. Our data show that PINK1 in healthy mitochondria is negatively regulated via an interplay between mitochondria and ER, and shed light on how this mitochondrial protein gains access to the proteasome.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Regulation of mitochondrial content of PINK1, a contributor to mitophagy, is an important area of research. Recently, we found that PINK1 content is kept low in healthy mitochondria by continuous ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. We now extend and refine this novel finding by showing that PINK1 localizes at the mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interface, from where it interacts with the ER-associated degradation machinery, which catalyzes its ubiquitination and transfer to the proteasome. Thus, these data show that PINK1 in healthy mitochondria is negatively regulated via a mitochondria and ER interplay, and how this mitochondrial protein gains access to the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuhui Liu
- Departments of Pathology & Cell Biology
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases
| | - Knut H Lauritzen
- Departments of Pathology & Cell Biology
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Brittany Martin
- Departments of Pathology & Cell Biology
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases
| | - Theresa C Swayne
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Program in Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Serge Przedborski
- Departments of Pathology & Cell Biology,
- Neurology
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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44
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Sun L, Büeler H. Proteasome inhibition promotes mono-ubiquitination and nuclear translocation of mature (52 kDa) PINK1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:376-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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45
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Chao X, Ding WX. Role and mechanisms of autophagy in alcohol-induced liver injury. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2019; 85:109-131. [PMID: 31307584 PMCID: PMC7141786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Currently, no successful treatments are available for ALD. The pathogenesis of ALD is characterized as simple steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular catabolic process, which aims at recycling cellular components and removing damaged organelles in response to starvation and stresses. Therefore, autophagy is considered as an important cellular adaptive and survival mechanism under various pathophysiological conditions. Recent studies from our lab and others suggest that chronic alcohol consumption may impair autophagy and contribute to the pathogenesis of ALD. In this chapter, we summarize recent progress on the role and mechanisms of autophagy in the development of ALD. Understanding the roles of autophagy in ALD may offer novel therapeutic avenues against ALD by targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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46
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Shin YS, Ryall JG, Britto JM, Lau CL, Devenish RJ, Nagley P, Beart PM. Inhibition of bioenergetics provides novel insights into recruitment of PINK1-dependent neuronal mitophagy. J Neurochem 2019; 149:269-283. [PMID: 30664245 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Contributions of damaged mitochondria to neuropathologies have stimulated interest in mitophagy. We investigated triggers of neuronal mitophagy by disruption of mitochondrial energy metabolism in primary neurons. Mitophagy was examined in cultured murine cerebellar granule cells after inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain by drugs rotenone, 3-nitropropionic acid, antimycin A, and potassium cyanide, targeting complexes I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Inhibitor concentrations producing slow cellular demise were determined from analyses of cellular viability, morphology of neuritic damage, plasma membrane permeability, and oxidative phosphorylation. Live cell imaging of dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) by drugs targeting mitochondrial complexes was referenced to complete depolarization by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone. While inhibition of complexes I, III and IV effected rapid dissipation of ΔΨm , inhibition of complex II using 3-nitropropionic acid led to minimal depolarization of mitochondria. Nonetheless, all respiratory chain inhibitors triggered mitophagy as indicated by increased aggregation of mitochondrially localized PINK1. Mitophagy was further analyzed using a dual fluorescent protein biosensor reporting mitochondrial relocation to acidic lysosomal environment. Significant acidification of mitochondria was observed in neurons treated with rotenone or 3-nitropropionic acid, revealing mitophagy at distal processes. Neurons treated with antimycin A or cyanide failed to show mitochondrial acidification. Minor dissipation of ΔΨm by 3-nitropropionic acid coupled with vigorous triggering of mitophagy suggested depolarization of mitochondria is not a necessary condition to trigger mitophagy. Moreover, weak elicitation of mitophagy by antimycin A, subsequent to loss of ΔΨm , suggested that mitochondrial depolarization is not a sufficient condition for triggering robust neuronal mitophagy. Our findings provide new insight into complexities of mitophagic clearance of neuronal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Seul Shin
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - James G Ryall
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Joanne M Britto
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Chew L Lau
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Rodney J Devenish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Phillip Nagley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Philip M Beart
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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47
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Wang KZQ, Steer E, Otero PA, Bateman NW, Cheng MH, Scott AL, Wu C, Bahar I, Shih YT, Hsueh YP, Chu CT. PINK1 Interacts with VCP/p97 and Activates PKA to Promote NSFL1C/p47 Phosphorylation and Dendritic Arborization in Neurons. eNeuro 2018; 5:ENEURO.0466-18.2018. [PMID: 30783609 PMCID: PMC6377406 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0466-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is well characterized for its role in mitochondrial homeostasis, much less is known concerning its ability to prevent synaptodendritic degeneration. Using unbiased proteomic methods, we identified valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a major PINK1-interacting protein. RNAi studies demonstrate that both VCP and its cofactor NSFL1C/p47 are necessary for the ability of PINK1 to increase dendritic complexity. Moreover, PINK1 regulates phosphorylation of p47, but not the VCP co-factor UFD1. Although neither VCP nor p47 interact directly with PKA, we found that PINK1 binds and phosphorylates the catalytic subunit of PKA at T197 [PKAcat(pT197)], a site known to activate the PKA holoenzyme. PKA in turn phosphorylates p47 at a novel site (S176) to regulate dendritic complexity. Given that PINK1 physically interacts with both the PKA holoenzyme and the VCP-p47 complex to promote dendritic arborization, we propose that PINK1 scaffolds a novel PINK1-VCP-PKA-p47 signaling pathway to orchestrate dendritogenesis in neurons. These findings highlight an important mechanism by which proteins genetically implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD; PINK1) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD; VCP) interact to support the health and maintenance of neuronal arbors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Z. Q. Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Erin Steer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - P. Anthony Otero
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Nicholas W. Bateman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Mary Hongying Cheng
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Ana Ligia Scott
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Christine Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Yu-Tzu Shih
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
| | - Charleen T. Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases and Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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48
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The circular RNA ACR attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing autophagy via modulation of the Pink1/ FAM65B pathway. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:1299-1315. [PMID: 30349076 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated autophagy is associated with many pathological disorders such as cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have important roles in some biological processes. However, it remains unclear whether circRNAs participate in the regulation of autophagy. Here we report that a circRNA, termed autophagy-related circular RNA (ACR), represses autophagy and myocardial infarction by targeting Pink1-mediated phosphorylation of FAM65B. ACR attenuates autophagy and cell death in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, ACR protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and reduces myocardial infarct sizes. We identify Pink1 as an ACR target to mediate the function of ACR in cardiomyocyte autophagy. ACR activates Pink1 expression through directly binding to Dnmt3B and blocking Dnmt3B-mediated DNA methylation of Pink1 promoter. Pink1 suppresses autophagy and Pink1 transgenic mice show reduced myocardial infarction sizes. Further, we find that FAM65B is a downstream target of Pink1 and Pink1 phosphorylates FAM65B at serine 46. Phosphorylated FAM65B inhibits autophagy and cell death in the heart. Our findings reveal a novel role for the circRNA in regulating autophagy and ACR-Pink1-FAM65B axis as a regulator of autophagy in the heart will be potential therapeutic targets in treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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49
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Urra FA, Muñoz F, Córdova-Delgado M, Ramírez MP, Peña-Ahumada B, Rios M, Cruz P, Ahumada-Castro U, Bustos G, Silva-Pavez E, Pulgar R, Morales D, Varela D, Millas-Vargas JP, Retamal E, Ramírez-Rodríguez O, Pessoa-Mahana H, Pavani M, Ferreira J, Cárdenas C, Araya-Maturana R. FR58P1a; a new uncoupler of OXPHOS that inhibits migration in triple-negative breast cancer cells via Sirt1/AMPK/β1-integrin pathway. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13190. [PMID: 30181620 PMCID: PMC6123471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly malignant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells rely mostly on glycolysis to maintain cellular homeostasis; however, mitochondria are still required for migration and metastasis. Taking advantage of the metabolic flexibility of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells to generate subpopulations with glycolytic or oxidative phenotypes, we screened phenolic compounds containing an ortho-carbonyl group with mitochondrial activity and identified a bromoalkyl-ester of hydroquinone named FR58P1a, as a mitochondrial metabolism-affecting compound that uncouples OXPHOS through a protonophoric mechanism. In contrast to well-known protonophore uncoupler FCCP, FR58P1a does not depolarize the plasma membrane and its effect on the mitochondrial membrane potential and bioenergetics is moderate suggesting a mild uncoupling of OXPHOS. FR58P1a activates AMPK in a Sirt1-dependent fashion. Although the activation of Sirt1/AMPK axis by FR58P1a has a cyto-protective role, selectively inhibits fibronectin-dependent adhesion and migration in TNBC cells but not in non-tumoral MCF10A cells by decreasing β1-integrin at the cell surface. Prolonged exposure to FR58P1a triggers a metabolic reprograming in TNBC cells characterized by down-regulation of OXPHOS-related genes that promote cell survival but comprise their ability to migrate. Taken together, our results show that TNBC cell migration is susceptible to mitochondrial alterations induced by small molecules as FR58P1a, which may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix A Urra
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Felipe Muñoz
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Córdova-Delgado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - María Paz Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Bárbara Peña-Ahumada
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Melany Rios
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cruz
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Galdo Bustos
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pulgar
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, El Líbano, 5524, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danna Morales
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Diego Varela
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Evelyn Retamal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Oney Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Campus Río Simpson, University of Aysén, Obispo Vielmo 62, Coyhaique, 5952122, Aysén, Chile
| | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile
| | - Mario Pavani
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 7, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 7, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Cárdenas
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, United States.
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, United States.
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales and Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Universidad de Talca, casilla 747, Talca, Chile.
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50
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Chu CT. Mechanisms of selective autophagy and mitophagy: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 122:23-34. [PMID: 30030024 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the concept of mammalian autophagy as a nonselective degradation system has been repudiated, due in part to important discoveries in neurodegenerative diseases, which opened the field of selective autophagy. Protein aggregates and damaged mitochondria represent key pathological hallmarks shared by most neurodegenerative diseases. The landmark discovery in 2007 of p62/SQSTM1 as the first mammalian selective autophagy receptor defined a new family of autophagy-related proteins that serve to target protein aggregates, mitochondria, intracellular pathogens and other cargoes to the core autophagy machinery via an LC3-interacting region (LIR)-motif. Notably, mutations in the LIR-motif proteins p62 (SQSTM1) and optineurin (OPTN) contribute to familial forms of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Moreover, a subset of LIR-motif proteins is involved in selective mitochondrial degradation initiated by two recessive familial Parkinson's disease genes. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) activates the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin (PARK2) to mark depolarized mitochondria for degradation. An extensive body of literature delineates key mechanisms in this pathway, based mostly on work in transformed cell lines. However, the potential role of PINK1-triggered mitophagy in neurodegeneration remains a conundrum, particularly in light of recent in vivo mitophagy studies. There are at least three major mechanisms by which mitochondria are targeted for mitophagy: transmembrane receptor-mediated, ubiquitin-mediated and cardiolipin-mediated. This review summarizes key features of the major cargo recognition pathways for selective autophagy and mitophagy, highlighting their potential impact in the pathogenesis or amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charleen T Chu
- Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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