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Kawano H, Yamada S, Watanabe Y, Ii S, Otani T, Ito H, Okada K, Iseki C, Tanikawa M, Wada S, Oshima M, Mase M, Yoshida K. Aging and Sex Differences in Brain Volume and Cerebral Blood Flow. Aging Dis 2024; 15:2216-2229. [PMID: 38029394 PMCID: PMC11346398 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
How do regional brain volume ratios and cerebral blood flow (CBF, mL/min) change with aging, and are there sex differences? This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the relationships between regional brain volume ratios and CBF in healthy brains. The study participants were healthy volunteers who underwent three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI, time-of-flight MR angiography, and four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI between 2020 and 2022. The brain was automatically segmented into 21 brain subregions from 3D T1-weighted MRI, and CBF in 16 major intracranial arteries were measured by 4D flow MRI. The relationships between segmented brain volume ratios and CBFs around the circle of Willis were comprehensively investigated in each decade and sex. This study included 129 healthy volunteers (mean age ± SD, 48.2 ± 16.8; range, 22-92 years; 43 males and 86 females). The association was strongest between the cortical gray matter volume ratio and total outflow of the intracranial major arteries distal to the circle of Willis (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r: 0.425). In addition, the mean flow of the total inflow and outflow around the circle of Willis were significantly greater in women than men, and significant left-right differences were observed in CBFs even on the peripheral side of the circle of Willis. Moreover, the correlation was strongest between the left cortical gray matter volume ratio and the combined flows of the left anterior and posterior cerebral arteries distal to the circle of Willis (r: 0.486). There was a trend toward greater total intracranial CBF, especially among women in their 40s and younger, who had a larger cortical gray matter volume. This finding may be one of the reasons for the approximately twofold higher incidence of cerebral aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage, and a threefold higher incidence of migraine headaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Kawano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Aichi, Japan.
- Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies / Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Ii
- Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Otani
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Ito
- Medical System Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ko Okada
- Medical System Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Chifumi Iseki
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Division of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Internal Medicine III, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Motoki Tanikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Marie Oshima
- Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies / Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhito Mase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
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Feron J, Segaert K, Rahman F, Fosstveit SH, Joyce KE, Gilani A, Lohne-Seiler H, Berntsen S, Mullinger KJ, Lucas SJE. Determinants of cerebral blood flow and arterial transit time in healthy older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:12473-12497. [PMID: 39302230 PMCID: PMC11466485 DOI: 10.18632/aging.206112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT), markers of brain vascular health, worsen with age. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify modifiable determinants of CBF and ATT in healthy older adults (n = 78, aged 60-81 years). Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and CBF or ATT were of particular interest because the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness is not clear within existing literature. Secondly, this study assessed whether CBF or ATT relate to cognitive function in older adults. Multiple post-labelling delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling estimated resting CBF and ATT in grey matter. Results from multiple linear regressions found higher BMI was associated with lower global CBF (β = -0.35, P = 0.008) and a longer global ATT (β = 0.30, P = 0.017), global ATT lengthened with increasing age (β = 0.43, P = 0.004), and higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with longer ATT in parietal (β = 0.44, P = 0.004) and occipital (β = 0.45, P = 0.003) regions. Global or regional CBF or ATT were not associated with processing speed, working memory, or attention. In conclusion, preventing excessive weight gain may help attenuate age-related declines in brain vascular health. ATT may be more sensitive to age-related decline than CBF, and therefore useful for early detection and management of cerebrovascular impairment. Finally, cardiorespiratory fitness appears to have little effect on CBF but may induce longer ATT in specific regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feron
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katrien Segaert
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Foyzul Rahman
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- College of Psychology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sindre H. Fosstveit
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kelsey E. Joyce
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ahmed Gilani
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hilde Lohne-Seiler
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sveinung Berntsen
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Karen J Mullinger
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Samuel J. E. Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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3
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Dang Y, He Y, Zheng D, Wang X, Chen J, Zhou Y. Heritability of cerebral blood flow in adolescent and young adult twins: an arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging study. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10624-10633. [PMID: 37615361 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood perfusion is a fundamental physiological property of all organs and is closely linked to brain metabolism. Genetic factors were reported to have important influences on cerebral blood flow. However, the profile of genetic contributions to cerebral blood flow in adolescents or young adults was underexplored. In this study, we recruited a sample of 65 pairs of same-sex adolescent or young adult twins undergoing resting arterial spin labeling imaging to conduct heritability analyses. Our findings indicate that genetic factors modestly affect cerebral blood flow in adolescents or young adults in the territories of left anterior cerebral artery and right posterior cerebral artery, with the primary contribution being to the frontal regions, cingulate gyrus, and striatum, suggesting a profile of genetic contributions to specific brain regions. Notably, the regions in the left hemisphere demonstrate the highest heritability in most regions examined. These results expand our knowledge of the genetic basis of cerebral blood flow in the developing brain and emphasize the importance of regional analysis in understanding the heritability of cerebral blood flow. Such insights may contribute to our understanding of the underlying genetic mechanism of brain functions and altered cerebral blood flow observed in youths with brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dang
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuwen He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
- Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Dang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- China National Children's Center, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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4
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Fesharaki NJ, Taylor A, Mosby K, Kim JH, Ress D. Global effects of aging on the hemodynamic response function in the human brain. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3299293. [PMID: 37720046 PMCID: PMC10503846 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3299293/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
In functional magnetic resonance imaging, the hemodynamic response function (HRF) is a transient, stereotypical response to local changes in cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism due to briefly (< 4 s) evoked neural activity. Accordingly, the HRF is often used as an impulse response with the assumption of linearity in data analysis. In cognitive aging studies, it has been very common to interpret differences in brain activation as age-related changes in neural activity. Contrary to this assumption, however, evidence has accrued that normal aging may also significantly affect the vasculature, thereby affecting cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, confounding interpretation of fMRI aging studies. In this study, use was made of a multisensory stimulus to evoke the HRF in ~ 87% of cerebral cortex in cognitively intact adults with ages ranging from 22-75 years. The stimulus evokes both positive and negative HRFs, which were characterized using model-free parameters in native-space coordinates. Results showed significant age trends in HRF parameter distributions in terms of both amplitudes (e.g., peak amplitude and CNR) and temporal dynamics (e.g., full-width-at-half-maximum). This work sets the stage for using HRF methods as a biomarker for age-related pathology.
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Liu X, Tyler LK, Rowe JB, Tsvetanov KA. Multimodal fusion analysis of functional, cerebrovascular and structural neuroimaging in healthy aging subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5490-5508. [PMID: 35855641 PMCID: PMC9704789 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex process that requires a multimodal approach. Neuroimaging can provide insights into brain morphology, functional organization, and vascular dynamics. However, most neuroimaging studies of aging have focused on each imaging modality separately, limiting the understanding of interrelations between processes identified by different modalities and their relevance to cognitive decline in aging. Here, we used a data-driven multimodal approach, linked independent component analysis (ICA), to jointly analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of grey matter volume, cerebrovascular, and functional network topographies in relation to measures of fluid intelligence. Neuroimaging and cognitive data from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience study were used, with healthy participants aged 18-88 years (main dataset n = 215 and secondary dataset n = 433). Using linked ICA, functional network activities were characterized in independent components but not captured in the same component as structural and cerebrovascular patterns. Split-sample (n = 108/107) and out-of-sample (n = 433) validation analyses using linked ICA were also performed. Global grey matter volume with regional cerebrovascular changes and the right frontoparietal network activity were correlated with age-related and individual differences in fluid intelligence. This study presents the insights from linked ICA to bring together measurements from multiple imaging modalities, with independent and additive information. We propose that integrating multiple neuroimaging modalities allows better characterization of brain pattern variability and changes associated with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulin Liu
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Lorraine K. Tyler
- The Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Cam‐CAN
- Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam‐CAN), MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Kamen A. Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- The Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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6
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Han H, Lin Z, Soldan A, Pettigrew C, Betz JF, Oishi K, Li Y, Liu P, Albert M, Lu H. Longitudinal Changes in Global Cerebral Blood Flow in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: A Phase-Contrast MRI Study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 56:1538-1545. [PMID: 35218111 PMCID: PMC9411265 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterization of blood supply changes in older individuals is important in understanding brain aging and diseases. However, prior studies largely focused on cross-sectional design, thus change in cerebral blood flow (CBF) could not be assessed on an individual level. PURPOSE To evaluate longitudinal short-term changes in global CBF in cognitively normal older adults. STUDY TYPE Prospective, longitudinal, and cohort. POPULATION One-hundred twenty-seven cognitive-normal participants (mean age 69 ± 7 years, 47 males) underwent serial MRI with an average follow-up time of 2.1 years. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T phase-contrast (PC), three-dimensional magnetization-prepared-rapid-acquisition-of-gradient-echo (MPRAGE) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI. ASSESSMENT Total CBF was measured with PC MRI allowing assessment of quantitative flow in four major feeding arteries by a trained radiologist with >3 years' experience (O.K.). Brain volume was obtained from MPRAGE MRI and measured by T1-MultiAtlas MRICloud tool. The ratio between total CBF and brain volume yielded global CBF in mL/100 g/min. White matter hyperintensity (WMH) was measured automatically using a Bayesian probability approach on FLAIR. STATISTICAL TESTS Linear mixed effect model was used to simultaneously assess cross-sectional age-differences and longitudinal age-changes in CBF. Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between CBF change and WMH progression. A P-value of <0.05 (two-tailed) was considered significant. RESULTS Global CBF decreased with age at a longitudinal rate of -0.56 mL/100 g/min/year (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.09, -0.03), compared to a cross-sectional rate of -0.26 mL/100 g/min/year (95% CI: -0.41, -0.11). Changes in CBF were significantly associated with progression of WMH (Spearman rank correlation r = -0.25), as those participants who had a more rapid CBF reduction had greater increases in WMH volumes and the relationship remained significant when adjusting for baseline vascular risk scores. Additionally, age-related changes in whole-brain volume were found to be -0.151%/year (95% CI: -0.186, -0.116). DATA CONCLUSION These findings suggest that brain aging in older adults is accompanied by a rapid longitudinal reduction in CBF, the rate of which is associated with white matter damage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualu Han
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zixuan Lin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joshua F. Betz
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kumiko Oishi
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yang Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peiying Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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7
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Hernandez‐Garcia L, Aramendía‐Vidaurreta V, Bolar DS, Dai W, Fernández‐Seara MA, Guo J, Madhuranthakam AJ, Mutsaerts H, Petr J, Qin Q, Schollenberger J, Suzuki Y, Taso M, Thomas DL, van Osch MJP, Woods J, Zhao MY, Yan L, Wang Z, Zhao L, Okell TW. Recent Technical Developments in ASL: A Review of the State of the Art. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:2021-2042. [PMID: 35983963 PMCID: PMC9420802 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview of a range of recent technical developments in advanced arterial spin labeling (ASL) methods that have been developed or adopted by the community since the publication of a previous ASL consensus paper by Alsop et al. It is part of a series of review/recommendation papers from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Perfusion Study Group. Here, we focus on advancements in readouts and trajectories, image reconstruction, noise reduction, partial volume correction, quantification of nonperfusion parameters, fMRI, fingerprinting, vessel selective ASL, angiography, deep learning, and ultrahigh field ASL. We aim to provide a high level of understanding of these new approaches and some guidance for their implementation, with the goal of facilitating the adoption of such advances by research groups and by MRI vendors. Topics outside the scope of this article that are reviewed at length in separate articles include velocity selective ASL, multiple-timepoint ASL, body ASL, and clinical ASL recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Divya S. Bolar
- Center for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Department of RadiologyUniversity of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Weiying Dai
- Department of Computer ScienceState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNYUSA
| | | | - Jia Guo
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Henk Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jan Petr
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐RossendorfInstitute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchDresdenGermany
| | - Qin Qin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Yuriko Suzuki
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Manuel Taso
- Division of MRI research, RadiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - David L. Thomas
- Department of Brain Repair and RehabilitationUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthias J. P. van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Joseph Woods
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Moss Y. Zhao
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lirong Yan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityZhejiangPeople's Republic of China
| | - Thomas W. Okell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Juttukonda MR, Stephens KA, Yen YF, Howard CM, Polimeni JR, Rosen BR, Salat DH. Oxygen extraction efficiency and white matter lesion burden in older adults exhibiting radiological evidence of capillary shunting. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1933-1943. [PMID: 35673981 PMCID: PMC9536117 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221105986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
White matter lesions (WML) have been linked to cognitive decline in aging as well as in Alzheimer's disease. While hypoperfusion is frequently considered a cause of WMLs due to the resulting reduction in oxygen availability to brain tissue, such reductions could also be caused by impaired oxygen exchange. Here, we tested the hypothesis that venous hyperintense signal (VHS) in arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may represent a marker of impaired oxygen extraction in aging older adults. In participants aged 60-80 years (n = 30), we measured cerebral blood flow and VHS with arterial spin labeling, maximum oxygen extraction fraction (OEFmax) with dynamic susceptibility contrast, and WML volume with T1-weighted MRI. We found a significant interaction between OEFmax and VHS presence on WML volume (p = 0.02), where lower OEFmax was associated with higher WML volume in participants with VHS, and higher OEFmax was associated with higher WML volume in participants without VHS. These results indicate that VHS in perfusion-weighted ASL data may represent a distinct cerebrovascular aging pattern involving oxygen extraction inefficiency as well as hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher R Juttukonda
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Stephens
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casey M Howard
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan R Polimeni
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David H Salat
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Hu F, Zheng XH, Li T, She HL, Zhang SF. Brain Perfusion Abnormalities after Radiotherapy Measured by 3-Dimensional Arterial Spin Labeling MRI and Correlations with Cognitive Impairment. Radiat Res 2022; 197:324-331. [PMID: 35104874 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00143.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use a 3-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) method to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and after radiotherapy, and correlate changes with time after receiving radiotherapy and cognitive function. Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving radiotherapy at our institution were recruited for the study. Participants were divided into three groups: Pre-radiotherapy control (PC) group, acute reaction period (ARP) group, and delayed reaction period (DRP)group. Thirty-four patients were included in the study. Compared with the PC group, the ARP group exhibited significantly decreased perfusion in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right putamen, and increased perfusion in the right cerebellum (Crus 1), right inferior occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left precuneus, and left calcarine gyrus. in the DRP group, increased perfusion was noted in the right cerebellum (Crus 1) and decreased perfusion in the left superior frontal gyrus. CBF differences were observed in several brain areas in the DRP group as compared to the ARP group (P < 0.001). Total Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, and subdomain language and delayed memory recall scores were significantly lower in the ARP and DRP groups than in the PC group (P < 0.05). Data suggest that ASL allows for non-invasive detection of radiation-induced whole-brain CBF changes, which is transient, dynamic and complicated and may be a factor contributing to cognitive impairment induced by radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Medical Imaging and Inspection Institute, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, P. R. China.,Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Artifical Intelligence of Hunan Province, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China.,Chenzhou Cognitive Degeneration Brain Disease Early Warning Technology Research and Development Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Xin-Hui Zheng
- Medical Imaging and Inspection Institute, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Medical Imaging and Inspection Institute, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, P. R. China.,Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Artifical Intelligence of Hunan Province, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China.,Chenzhou Cognitive Degeneration Brain Disease Early Warning Technology Research and Development Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Hua-Long She
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Artifical Intelligence of Hunan Province, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China.,Chenzhou Cognitive Degeneration Brain Disease Early Warning Technology Research and Development Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Sheng-Fu Zhang
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China.,Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Cui J, Gong K, Han P, Liu H, Li Q. Unsupervised arterial spin labeling image super-resolution via multi-scale generative adversarial network. Med Phys 2022; 49:2373-2385. [PMID: 35048390 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an advanced non-invasive imaging technology that can measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) quantitatively without a contrast agent injection or radiation exposure. However, because of the weak labeling, conventional ASL images usually suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), poor spatial resolution, and long acquisition time. Therefore, a method that can simultaneously improve the spatial resolution and SNR is needed. METHODS In this work, we proposed an unsupervised super-resolution (SR) method to improve ASL image resolution based on a pyramid of generative adversarial networks (GAN). Through layer-by-layer training, the generators can learn features from the coarsest to the finest. The last layer's generator which contains fine details and textures was used to generate the final SR ASL images. In our proposed framework, the corresponding T1-weighted MR image was supplied as a second-channel input of the generators to provide high-resolution prior information. In addition, a low-pass-filter loss term was included to suppress the noise of the original ASL images. To evaluate the performance of the proposed framework, a simulation study and two real-patient experiments based on the in vivo datasets obtained from 3 healthy subjects on a 3T MR scanner were conducted, regarding the low-resolution (LR) to normal-resolution (NR) and the NR-to-SR tasks. The proposed method was compared to the nearest neighbor interpolation, trilinear interpolation, 3rd order B-splines interpolation methods, and deep image prior (DIP) with the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM) as the quantification metrics. The averaged ASL images acquired with 44 min acquisition time were used as the ground truth for real-patient LR-to-NR study. The ablation studies of low-pass-filter loss term and T1-weighted MR image were performed based on simulation data. RESULTS For the simulation study, results show that the proposed method achieved significantly higher PSNR (p-value < 0.05) and SSIM (p-value < 0.05) than the nearest neighbor interpolation, trilinear interpolation, 3rd order B-splines interpolation, and DIP methods. For the real-patient LR-to-NR experiment, results show that the proposed method can generate high-quality SR ASL images with clearer structure boundaries and low noise levels, and has the highest mean PSNR and SSIM. For real-patient NR-to-SR tasks, the structure of the results using the proposed method is sharper and clearer, which are the most similar to the structure of the reference 44 min acquisition image than other methods. The proposed method also shows the ability to remove artifacts in the NR image while super-resolution. The ablation study verified that the low-pass-filter loss term and T1-weighted MR image are necessary for the proposed method. CONCLUSIONS The proposed unsupervised multi-scale GAN framework can simultaneously improve spatial resolution and reduce image noise. Experiment results from simulation data and 3 healthy subjects show that the proposed method achieves better performance than the nearest neighbor interpolation, the trilinear interpolation, the 3rd order B-splines interpolation, and DIP methods. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.,The Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kuang Gong
- The Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,The Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Paul Han
- The Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Huafeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Quanzheng Li
- The Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,The Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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11
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Carter KJ, Ward AT, Kellawan JM, Eldridge MW, Al-Subu A, Walker BJ, Lee JW, Wieben O, Schrage WG. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition in healthy adults reduces regional and total cerebral macrovascular blood flow and microvascular perfusion. J Physiol 2021; 599:4973-4989. [PMID: 34587648 PMCID: PMC9009720 DOI: 10.1113/jp281975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unresolved, due in part to methodological approaches, which lack a comprehensive assessment of both global and regional effects. Importantly, NO synthase (NOS) expression and activity appear greater in some anterior brain regions, suggesting region-specific NOS influence on CBF. We hypothesized that NO contributes to basal CBF in healthy adults, in a regionally distinct pattern that predominates in the anterior circulation. Fourteen healthy adults (7 females; 24 ± 5 years) underwent two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study visits with saline (placebo) or the NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, administered in a randomized, single-blind approach. 4D flow MRI quantified total and regional macrovascular CBF, whereas arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI quantified total and regional microvascular perfusion. L-NMMA (or volume-matched saline) was infused intravenously for 5 min prior to imaging. L-NMMA reduced CBF (L-NMMA: 722 ± 100 vs. placebo: 771 ± 121 ml/min, P = 0.01) with similar relative reductions (5-7%) in anterior and posterior cerebral circulations, due in part to the reduced cross-sectional area of 9 of 11 large cerebral arteries. Global microvascular perfusion (ASL) was reduced by L-NMMA (L-NMMA: 42 ± 7 vs. placebo: 47 ± 8 ml/100g/min, P = 0.02), with 7-11% reductions in both hemispheres of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, and in the left occipital lobe. We conclude that NO contributes to macrovascular and microvascular regulation including larger artery resting diameter. Contrary to our hypothesis, the influence of NO on cerebral perfusion appears regionally uniform in healthy young adults. KEY POINTS: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is vital for brain health, but the signals that are key to regulating CBF remain unclear. Nitric oxide (NO) is produced in the brain, but its importance in regulating CBF remains controversial since prior studies have not studied all regions of the brain simultaneously. Using modern MRI approaches, a drug that inhibits the enzymes that make NO (L-NMMA) reduced CBF by up to 11% in different brain regions. NO helps maintain proper CBF in healthy adults. These data will help us understand whether the reductions in CBF that occur during ageing or cardiovascular disease are related to shifts in NO signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina J Carter
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aaron T Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Mikhail Kellawan
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | | | - Awni Al-Subu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Benjamin J Walker
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Oliver Wieben
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William G Schrage
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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12
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Canna A, Trojsi F, Di Nardo F, Caiazzo G, Tedeschi G, Cirillo M, Esposito F. Combining structural and metabolic markers in a quantitative MRI study of motor neuron diseases. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1774-1785. [PMID: 34342169 PMCID: PMC8419394 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of a combination of three quantitative MRI markers (iron deposition, basal neuronal metabolism, and regional atrophy) for differential diagnosis between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS). METHODS In total, 33 ALS, 12 PLS, and 28 healthy control (HC) subjects underwent a 3T MRI study including single- and multi-echo sequences for gray matter (GM) volumetry and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and a pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence for cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement. Mean values of QSM, CBF, and GM volumes were extracted in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus. A generalized linear model was applied to the three measures to binary discriminate between groups. The diagnostic performances were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic analyses. RESULTS A significant discrimination was obtained: between ALS and HCs in the left and right motor cortex, where QSM increases were respectively associated with disability scores and disease duration; between PLS and ALS in the left motor cortex, where PLS patients resulted significantly more atrophic; between ALS and HC in the right motor cortex, where GM volumes were associated with upper motor neuron scores. Significant discrimination between ALS and HC was achieved in subcortical structures only combining all three parameters. INTERPRETATION While increased QSM values in the motor cortex of ALS patients is a consolidated finding, combining QSM, CBF, and GM volumetry shows higher diagnostic potential for differentiating ALS patients from HC subjects and, in the motor cortex, between ALS and PLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Canna
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Federica Di Nardo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Giuseppina Caiazzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Gioacchino Tedeschi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Mario Cirillo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Fabrizio Esposito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
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13
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Comparing the effect of cognitive vs. exercise training on brain MRI outcomes in healthy older adults: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:511-533. [PMID: 34245760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline. Importantly cognition and cerebral health is enhanced with interventions like cognitive (CT) and exercise training (ET). However, effects of CT and ET interventions on brain magnetic resonance imaging outcomes have never been compared systematically. Here, the primary objective was to critically and systematically compare CT to ET in healthy older adults on brain MRI outcomes. A total of 38 studies were included in the final review. Although results were mixed, patterns were identified: CT showed improvements in white matter microstructure, while ET demonstrated macrostructural enhancements, and both demonstrated changes to task-based BOLD signal changes. Importantly, beneficial effects for cognitive and cerebral outcomes were observed by almost all, regardless of intervention type. Overall, it is suggested that future work include more than one MRI outcome, and report all results including null. To better understand the MRI changes associated with CT or ET, more studies explicitly comparing interventions within the same domain (i.e. resistance vs. aerobic) and between domains (i.e. CT vs. ET) are needed.
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14
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Poublanc J, Shafi R, Sobczyk O, Sam K, Mandell DM, Venkatraghavan L, Duffin J, Fisher JA, Mikulis DJ. Normal BOLD Response to a Step CO 2 Stimulus After Correction for Partial Volume Averaging. Front Physiol 2021; 12:639360. [PMID: 34194335 PMCID: PMC8236700 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.639360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is defined as the change in cerebral blood flow induced by a change in a vasoactive stimulus. CVR using BOLD MRI in combination with changes in end-tidal CO2 is a very useful method for assessing vascular performance. In recent years, this technique has benefited from an advanced gas delivery method where end-tidal CO2 can be targeted, measured very precisely, and validated against arterial blood gas sampling (Ito et al., 2008). This has enabled more precise comparison of an individual patient against a normative atlas of healthy subjects. However, expected control ranges for CVR metrics have not been reported in the literature. In this work, we calculate and report the range of control values for the magnitude (mCVR), the steady state amplitude (ssCVR), and the speed (TAU) of the BOLD response to a standard step stimulus, as well as the time delay (TD) as observed in a cohort of 45 healthy controls. These CVR metrics maps were corrected for partial volume averaging for brain tissue types using a linear regression method to enable more accurate quantitation of CVR metrics. In brief, this method uses adjacent voxel CVR metrics in combination with their tissue composition to write the corresponding set of linear equations for estimating CVR metrics of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). After partial volume correction, mCVR and ssCVR increase as expected in gray matter, respectively, by 25 and 19%, and decrease as expected in white matter by 33 and 13%. In contrast, TAU and TD decrease in gray matter by 33 and 13%. TAU increase in white matter by 24%, but TD surprisingly decreased by 9%. This correction enables more accurate voxel-wise tissue composition providing greater precision when reporting gray and white matter CVR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Poublanc
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reema Shafi
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olivia Sobczyk
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Sam
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, United States
| | - Daniel M Mandell
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - James Duffin
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph A Fisher
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David J Mikulis
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Chappell MA, McConnell FAK, Golay X, Günther M, Hernandez-Tamames JA, van Osch MJ, Asllani I. Partial volume correction in arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI: A method to disentangle anatomy from physiology or an analysis step too far? Neuroimage 2021; 238:118236. [PMID: 34091034 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mismatch in the spatial resolution of Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) MRI perfusion images and the anatomy of functionally distinct tissues in the brain leads to a partial volume effect (PVE), which in turn confounds the estimation of perfusion into a specific tissue of interest such as gray or white matter. This confound occurs because the image voxels contain a mixture of tissues with disparate perfusion properties, leading to estimated perfusion values that reflect primarily the volume proportions of tissues in the voxel rather than the perfusion of any particular tissue of interest within that volume. It is already recognized that PVE influences studies of brain perfusion, and that its effect might be even more evident in studies where changes in perfusion are co-incident with alterations in brain structure, such as studies involving a comparison between an atrophic patient population vs control subjects, or studies comparing subjects over a wide range of ages. However, the application of PVE correction (PVEc) is currently limited and the employed methodologies remain inconsistent. In this article, we outline the influence of PVE in ASL measurements of perfusion, explain the main principles of PVEc, and provide a critique of the current state of the art for the use of such methods. Furthermore, we examine the current use of PVEc in perfusion studies and whether there is evidence to support its wider adoption. We conclude that there is sound theoretical motivation for the use of PVEc alongside conventional, 'uncorrected', images, and encourage such combined reporting. Methods for PVEc are now available within standard neuroimaging toolboxes, which makes our recommendation straightforward to implement. However, there is still more work to be done to establish the value of PVEc as well as the efficacy and robustness of existing PVEc methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Chappell
- Radiological Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Flora A Kennedy McConnell
- Radiological Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xavier Golay
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Matthias Günther
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany; University Bremen, Bremen, Germany; mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias J van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Iris Asllani
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sussex, UK; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
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16
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Kavroulakis E, Simos NJ, Maris TG, Zaganas I, Panagiotakis S, Papadaki E. Evidence of Age-Related Hemodynamic and Functional Connectivity Impairment: A Resting State fMRI Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:633500. [PMID: 33833727 PMCID: PMC8021915 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.633500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess age-related changes in intrinsic functional brain connectivity and hemodynamics during adulthood in the context of the retrogenesis hypothesis, which states that the rate of age-related changes is higher in late-myelinating (prefrontal, lateral-posterior temporal) cerebrocortical areas as compared to early myelinating (parietal, occipital) regions. In addition, to examine the dependence of age-related changes upon concurrent subclinical depression symptoms which are common even in healthy aging. Methods: Sixty-four healthy adults (28 men) aged 23-79 years (mean 45.0, SD = 18.8 years) were examined. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) time series were used to compute voxel-wise intrinsic connectivity contrast (ICC) maps reflecting the strength of functional connectivity between each voxel and the rest of the brain. We further used Time Shift Analysis (TSA) to estimate voxel-wise hemodynamic lead or lag for each of 22 ROIs from the automated anatomical atlas (AAL). Results: Adjusted for depression symptoms, gender and education level, reduced ICC with age was found primarily in frontal, temporal regions, and putamen, whereas the opposite trend was noted in inferior occipital cortices (p < 0.002). With the same covariates, increased hemodynamic lead with advancing age was found in superior frontal cortex and thalamus, with the opposite trend in inferior occipital cortex (p < 0.002). There was also evidence of reduced coupling between voxel-wise intrinsic connectivity and hemodynamics in the inferior parietal cortex. Conclusion: Age-related intrinsic connectivity reductions and hemodynamic changes were demonstrated in several regions-most of them part of DMN and salience networks-while impaired neurovascular coupling was, also, found in parietal regions. Age-related reductions in intrinsic connectivity were greater in anterior as compared to posterior cortices, in line with implications derived from the retrogenesis hypothesis. These effects were affected by self-reported depression symptoms, which also increased with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Kavroulakis
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nicholas J Simos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece.,Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thomas G Maris
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zaganas
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Simeon Panagiotakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Efrosini Papadaki
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.,Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
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17
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Juttukonda MR, Li B, Almaktoum R, Stephens KA, Yochim KM, Yacoub E, Buckner RL, Salat DH. Characterizing cerebral hemodynamics across the adult lifespan with arterial spin labeling MRI data from the Human Connectome Project-Aging. Neuroimage 2021; 230:117807. [PMID: 33524575 PMCID: PMC8185881 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a popular approach for studying cerebral hemodynamics in a range of disorders and has recently been included as part of the Human Connectome Project-Aging (HCP-A). Due to the high spatial resolution and multiple post-labeling delays, ASL data from HCP-A holds promise for localization of hemodynamic signals not only in gray matter but also in white matter. However, gleaning information about white matter hemodynamics with ASL is challenging due in part to longer blood arrival times in white matter compared to gray matter. In this work, we present an analytical approach for deriving measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit times (ATT) from the ASL data from HCP-A and report on gray and white matter hemodynamics in a large cohort (n = 234) of typically aging adults (age 36–90 years). Pseudo-continuous ASL data were acquired with labeling duration = 1500 ms and five post-labeling delays = 200 ms, 700 ms, 1200, 1700 ms, and 2200 ms. ATT values were first calculated on a voxel-wise basis through normalized cross-correlation analysis of the acquired signal time course in that voxel and an expected time course based on an acquisition-specific Bloch simulation. CBF values were calculated using a two-compartment model and with age-appropriate blood water longitudinal relaxation times. Using this approach, we found that white matter CBF reduces (ρ = 0.39) and white matter ATT elongates (ρ = 0.42) with increasing age (p < 0.001). In addition, CBF is lower and ATTs are longer in white matter compared to gray matter across the adult lifespan (Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; p < 0.001). We also found sex differences with females exhibiting shorter white matter ATTs than males, independently of age (Wilcoxon rank-sum test; p < 0.001). Finally, we have shown that CBF and ATT values are spatially heterogeneous, with significant differences in cortical versus subcortical gray matter and juxtacortical versus periventricular white matter. These results serve as a characterization of normative physiology across the human lifespan against which hemodynamic impairment due to cerebrovascular or neurodegenerative diseases could be compared in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher R Juttukonda
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Binyin Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States; Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Randa Almaktoum
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States
| | - Kimberly A Stephens
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn M Yochim
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States
| | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnessota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Randy L Buckner
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - David H Salat
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite, 2301, Charlestown 02129, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Coupling of cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity is decreased in healthy aging. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:436-450. [PMID: 31250268 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging leads to cerebral perfusion and functional connectivity changes that have been assessed using various neuroimaging techniques. In addition, a link between these two parameters has been demonstrated in healthy young adults. In this work, we employed arterial spin labeling (ASL) fMRI to measure global and voxel-wise differences in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intrinsic connectivity contrast (ICC) in the resting state in a group of cognitively normal elderly subjects and a group of cognitively normal young subjects, in order to assess the effects of aging on CBF-ICC coupling, which had not been previously evaluated. Our results showed age-related global and regional CBF decreases in prefrontal mesial areas, lateral frontal regions, insular cortex, lateral parietal areas, precuneus and occipital regions. Subcortically, perfusion was reduced in the medial thalamus and caudate nucleus. ICC was also found reduced with age in prefrontal cortical areas and insular cortex, affecting key nodes of the default mode and salience networks. Areas of ICC and CBF decrease partially overlapped, however, the CBF reduction was more extensive and encompassed more areas. This dissociation was accompanied by a decrease in CBF-ICC coupling. These results suggest that aging leads to a disruption in the relationship between CBF and intrinsic functional connectivity that could be due to neurovascular dysregulation.
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19
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Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, Groot P, Vandemaele P, Ingala S, Robertson AD, Václavů L, Groote I, Kuijf H, Zelaya F, O'Daly O, Hilal S, Wink AM, Kant I, Caan MWA, Morgan C, de Bresser J, Lysvik E, Schrantee A, Bjørnebekk A, Clement P, Shirzadi Z, Kuijer JPA, Wottschel V, Anazodo UC, Pajkrt D, Richard E, Bokkers RPH, Reneman L, Masellis M, Günther M, MacIntosh BJ, Achten E, Chappell MA, van Osch MJP, Golay X, Thomas DL, De Vita E, Bjørnerud A, Nederveen A, Hendrikse J, Asllani I, Barkhof F. ExploreASL: An image processing pipeline for multi-center ASL perfusion MRI studies. Neuroimage 2020; 219:117031. [PMID: 32526385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) has undergone significant development since its inception, with a focus on improving standardization and reproducibility of its acquisition and quantification. In a community-wide effort towards robust and reproducible clinical ASL image processing, we developed the software package ExploreASL, allowing standardized analyses across centers and scanners. The procedures used in ExploreASL capitalize on published image processing advancements and address the challenges of multi-center datasets with scanner-specific processing and artifact reduction to limit patient exclusion. ExploreASL is self-contained, written in MATLAB and based on Statistical Parameter Mapping (SPM) and runs on multiple operating systems. To facilitate collaboration and data-exchange, the toolbox follows several standards and recommendations for data structure, provenance, and best analysis practice. ExploreASL was iteratively refined and tested in the analysis of >10,000 ASL scans using different pulse-sequences in a variety of clinical populations, resulting in four processing modules: Import, Structural, ASL, and Population that perform tasks, respectively, for data curation, structural and ASL image processing and quality control, and finally preparing the results for statistical analyses on both single-subject and group level. We illustrate ExploreASL processing results from three cohorts: perinatally HIV-infected children, healthy adults, and elderly at risk for neurodegenerative disease. We show the reproducibility for each cohort when processed at different centers with different operating systems and MATLAB versions, and its effects on the quantification of gray matter cerebral blood flow. ExploreASL facilitates the standardization of image processing and quality control, allowing the pooling of cohorts which may increase statistical power and discover between-group perfusion differences. Ultimately, this workflow may advance ASL for wider adoption in clinical studies, trials, and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk J M M Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, NY, USA; Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jan Petr
- Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, NY, USA; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Groot
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Vandemaele
- Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Silvia Ingala
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew D Robertson
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lena Václavů
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Groote
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugo Kuijf
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Zelaya
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alle Meije Wink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse Kant
- Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthan W A Caan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Catherine Morgan
- School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen de Bresser
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Lysvik
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anouk Schrantee
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid Bjørnebekk
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patricia Clement
- Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zahra Shirzadi
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joost P A Kuijer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Viktor Wottschel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Udunna C Anazodo
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada; Imaging Division, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edo Richard
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Behavior and Cognition, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinoud P H Bokkers
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Masellis
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matthias Günther
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany; University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; Mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eric Achten
- Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael A Chappell
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science & Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthias J P van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Xavier Golay
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David L Thomas
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Enrico De Vita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Atle Bjørnerud
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aart Nederveen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Iris Asllani
- Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, NY, USA; Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, London, UK
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20
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Wang Y, Nencka AS, Meier TB, Guskiewicz K, Mihalik JP, Alison Brooks M, Saykin AJ, Koch KM, Wu YC, Nelson LD, McAllister TW, Broglio SP, McCrea MA. Cerebral blood flow in acute concussion: preliminary ASL findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE consortium. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 13:1375-1385. [PMID: 30159767 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sport-related concussion (SRC) has become a major health problem, affecting millions of athletes each year. Despite the increasing occurrence and prevalence of SRC, its underlying mechanism and recovery course have yet to be fully elucidated. The National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense Grand Alliance: Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium is a large-scale, multisite study of the natural history of concussion across multiple sports. The Advanced Research Core (ARC) of CARE is focused on the advanced biomarker assessment of a reduced subject cohort. This paper reports findings from two ARC sites to evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes in acute SRC, as measured using advanced arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared relative CBF maps assessed in 24 concussed contact sport athletes obtained at 24-48 h after injury to those of a control group of 24 matched contact sport players. Significantly less CBF was detected in several brain regions in concussed athletes, while clinical assessments also indicated clinical symptom and performance impairments in SRC patients. Correlations were found between decreased CBF in acute SRC and clinical assessments, including Balance Error Scoring System total score and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test memory composite and impulse control composite scores, as well as days from injury to asymptomatic. Although using different ASL MRI sequences, our preliminary results from two sites are consistent with previous reports and suggest that advanced ASL MRI methods might be useful for detecting acute neurobiological changes in acute SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Andrew S Nencka
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Timothy B Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kevin Guskiewicz
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, 250 East Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason P Mihalik
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, 250 East Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Alison Brooks
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 750 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kevin M Koch
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yu-Chien Wu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lindsay D Nelson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Thomas W McAllister
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven P Broglio
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael A McCrea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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21
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Subramaniapillai S, Rajagopal S, Elshiekh A, Pasvanis S, Ankudowich E, Rajah MN. Sex Differences in the Neural Correlates of Spatial Context Memory Decline in Healthy Aging. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:1895-1916. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with episodic memory decline and alterations in memory-related brain function. However, it remains unclear if age-related memory decline is associated with similar patterns of brain aging in women and men. In the current task fMRI study, we tested the hypothesis that there are sex differences in the effect of age and memory performance on brain activity during episodic encoding and retrieval of face–location associations (spatial context memory). Forty-one women and 41 men between the ages of 21 and 76 years participated in this study. Between-group multivariate partial least squares analysis of the fMRI data was conducted to directly test for sex differences and similarities in age-related and performance-related patterns of brain activity. Our behavioral analysis indicated no significant sex differences in retrieval accuracy on the fMRI tasks. In relation to performance effects, we observed similarities and differences in how retrieval accuracy related to brain activity in women and men. Both sexes activated dorsal and lateral PFC, inferior parietal cortex, and left parahippocampal gyrus at encoding, and this supported subsequent memory performance. However, there were sex differences in retrieval activity in these same regions and in lateral occipital-temporal and ventrolateral PFC. In relation to age effects, we observed sex differences in the effect of age on memory-related activity within PFC, inferior parietal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and lateral occipital-temporal cortices. Overall, our findings suggest that the neural correlates of age-related spatial context memory decline differ in women compared with men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Natasha Rajah
- McGill University
- Brain Imaging Centre, Douglas Institute Research Centre, Verdun, QC, Canada
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22
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Thiel S, Gaisl T, Lettau F, Boss A, Winklhofer S, Kohler M, Rossi C. Impact of hypertension on cerebral microvascular structure in CPAP-treated obstructive sleep apnoea patients: a diffusion magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroradiology 2019; 61:1437-1445. [PMID: 31529145 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-019-02292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder associated with hypertension, impaired peripheral vascular function and an increased risk of stroke. Evidence suggests that abnormalities of the cerebral microcirculation, such as capillary rarefication, may be present in these patients. We evaluated whether the presence of hypertension may affect the cerebral capillary architecture and function assessed by Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-treated OSA. METHODS Forty-one patients (88% male, mean age 57 ± 10 years) with moderate-to-severe OSA were selected and divided into two groups (normotensive vs. hypertensive). All hypertensive OSA patients were adherent with their antihypertensive medication. Cerebral microvascular structure was assessed in grey (GM) and white matter (WM) using an echo-planar diffusion imaging sequence with 14 different b values. A step-wise IVIM analysis algorithm was applied to compute true diffusion (D), perfusion fraction (f) and pseudo-diffusion (D*) values. Group comparisons were performed with the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-Test. Regression analysis was adjusted for age. RESULTS Diffusion- and perfusion-related indexes in middle-aged OSA normotensive patients were quantified in both tissue types (D [10-3 mm2/s]: GM = 0.83 ± 0.03; WM = 0.72 ± 0.03; f (%) GM = 0.09 ± 0.01; WM = 0.06 ± 0.01; D* [10-3 mm2/s]: GM = 7.72 ± 0.89; WM = 7.38 ± 0.98). In the examined tissue types, hypertension did not result in changes on the estimated MRI IVIM index values. CONCLUSION Based on IVIM analysis, cerebral microvascular structure and function showed no difference between hypertensive and normotensive patients with moderate-to-severe OSA treated with CPAP. Treatment adherence with antihypertensive drug regime and, in turn, controlled hypertension seems not to affect microvascular structure and perfusion of the brain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02493673.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sira Thiel
- Department of Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Gaisl
- Department of Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Lettau
- Department of Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Malcolm Kohler
- Department of Pulmonology and Sleep Disorders Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.,Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Rossi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Staffaroni AM, Cobigo Y, Elahi FM, Casaletto KB, Walters SM, Wolf A, Lindbergh CA, Rosen HJ, Kramer JH. A longitudinal characterization of perfusion in the aging brain and associations with cognition and neural structure. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3522-3533. [PMID: 31062904 PMCID: PMC6693488 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral perfusion declines across the lifespan and is altered in the early stages of several age-related neuropathologies. Little is known, however, about the longitudinal evolution of perfusion in healthy older adults, particularly when perfusion is quantified using magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling (ASL). The objective was to characterize longitudinal perfusion in typically aging adults and elucidate associations with cognition and brain structure. Adults who were functionally intact at baseline (n = 161, ages 47-89) underwent ASL imaging to quantify whole-brain gray matter perfusion; a subset (n = 136) had repeated imaging (average follow-up: 2.3 years). Neuropsychological testing at each visit was summarized into executive function, memory, and processing speed composites. Global gray matter volume, white matter microstructure (mean diffusivity), and white matter hyperintensities were also quantified. We assessed baseline associations among perfusion, cognition, and brain structure using linear regression, and longitudinal relationships using linear mixed effects models. Greater baseline perfusion, particularly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right thalamus, was associated with better executive functions. Greater whole-brain perfusion loss was associated with worsening brain structure and declining processing speed. This study helps validate noninvasive MRI-based perfusion imaging and underscores the importance of cerebral blood flow in cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Staffaroni
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Yann Cobigo
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Fanny M. Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Kaitlin B. Casaletto
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Samantha M. Walters
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Amy Wolf
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Cutter A. Lindbergh
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Howard J. Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Joel H. Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of California at San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
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24
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de Rooij SR, Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, Asllani I, Caan MWA, Groot P, Nederveen AJ, Schwab M, Roseboom TJ. Late-life brain perfusion after prenatal famine exposure. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 82:1-9. [PMID: 31376728 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Early nutritional deprivation may cause irreversible damage to the brain and seems to affect cognitive function in older age. We investigated whether prenatal undernutrition was associated with brain perfusion differences in older age. We acquired Arterial spin labeling scans in 118 Dutch famine birth cohort members. Using linear regression analyses, cerebral blood flow was compared between exposed and unexposed groups in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), perfusion territories, the neurodegeneration-related regions anterior and posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. Furthermore, we compared the GM/WM ratio and the spatial coefficient of variation as a proxy of overall cerebrovascular health. The WM arterial spin labeling signal and the GM/WM ratio were significantly lower and higher, respectively, among exposed participants (-2.5 mL/100 g/min [95% CI: -4.3 to -0.8; p = 0.01] and 0.48 [0.19 to 0.76; p = 0.002], respectively). Exposed men had lower cerebral blood flow in anterior and posterior cingulate cortices (-8.0 mL/100 g/min [-15.1 to -0.9; p = 0.03]; -11.4 mL/100 g/min [-19.6 to -3.2; p = 0.02]) and higher spatial coefficient of variation (0.05 [0.00 to 0.09; p = 0.05]). The latter seemed largely mediated by higher 2h-glucose levels at age 50. Our findings suggest that prenatal undernutrition affects brain perfusion parameters providing further evidence for life-long effects of undernutrition during early brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne R de Rooij
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Jan Petr
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, College of Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Iris Asllani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, College of Engineering, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Matthan W A Caan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Groot
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tessa J Roseboom
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
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25
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Wright ME, Wise RG. Can Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Be Used Accurately to Compare Older and Younger Populations? A Mini Literature Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:371. [PMID: 30483117 PMCID: PMC6243068 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A wealth of research has investigated the aging brain using blood oxygenation level dependent functional MRI [Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)]. However, many studies do not consider the aging of the cerebrovascular system, which can influence the BOLD signal independently from neural activity, limiting what can be inferred when comparing age groups. Here, we discuss the ways in which the aging neurovascular system can impact BOLD fMRI, the consequences for age-group comparisons and possible strategies for mitigation. While BOLD fMRI is a valuable tool in this context, this review highlights the importance of consideration of vascular confounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Wright
- Cardiff University Brain Imaging Research Center, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G Wise
- Cardiff University Brain Imaging Research Center, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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26
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Clement P, Mutsaerts HJ, Václavů L, Ghariq E, Pizzini FB, Smits M, Acou M, Jovicich J, Vanninen R, Kononen M, Wiest R, Rostrup E, Bastos-Leite AJ, Larsson EM, Achten E. Variability of physiological brain perfusion in healthy subjects - A systematic review of modifiers. Considerations for multi-center ASL studies. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:1418-1437. [PMID: 28393659 PMCID: PMC6120130 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17702156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative measurements of brain perfusion are influenced by perfusion-modifiers. Standardization of measurement conditions and correction for important modifiers is essential to improve accuracy and to facilitate the interpretation of perfusion-derived parameters. An extensive literature search was carried out for factors influencing quantitative measurements of perfusion in the human brain unrelated to medication use. A total of 58 perfusion modifiers were categorized into four groups. Several factors (e.g., caffeine, aging, and blood gases) were found to induce a considerable effect on brain perfusion that was consistent across different studies; for other factors, the modifying effect was found to be debatable, due to contradictory results or lack of evidence. Using the results of this review, we propose a standard operating procedure, based on practices already implemented in several research centers. Also, a theory of 'deep MRI physiotyping' is inferred from the combined knowledge of factors influencing brain perfusion as a strategy to reduce variance by taking both personal information and the presence or absence of perfusion modifiers into account. We hypothesize that this will allow to personalize the concept of normality, as well as to reach more rigorous and earlier diagnoses of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Clement
- 1 Department of Radiology and nuclear medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Henk-Jan Mutsaerts
- 2 Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Healthy Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,3 Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lena Václavů
- 3 Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eidrees Ghariq
- 4 Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marjan Acou
- 1 Department of Radiology and nuclear medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jorge Jovicich
- 7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Mattarello, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Egill Rostrup
- 10 Department of Diagnostics, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Eric Achten
- 1 Department of Radiology and nuclear medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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27
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Zhang N, Gordon ML, Ma Y, Chi B, Gomar JJ, Peng S, Kingsley PB, Eidelberg D, Goldberg TE. The Age-Related Perfusion Pattern Measured With Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Healthy Subjects. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:214. [PMID: 30065646 PMCID: PMC6056623 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To analyze age-related cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI in healthy subjects with multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). Methods: 50 healthy subjects (mean age 45.8 ± 18.5 years, range 21-85) had 3D structural MRI and pseudo-continuous ASL MRI at resting state. The relationship between CBF and age was examined with voxel-based univariate analysis using multiple regression and two-sample t-test (median age 41.8 years as a cut-off). An age-related CBF pattern was identified using multivariate PCA. Results: Age correlated negatively with CBF especially anteriorly and in the cerebellum. After adjusting by global value, CBF was relatively decreased with aging in certain regions and relatively increased in others. The age-related CBF pattern showed relative reductions in frontal and parietal areas and cerebellum, and covarying increases in temporal and occipital areas. Subject scores of this pattern correlated negatively with age (R2 = 0.588; P < 0.001) and discriminated between the older and younger subgroups (P < 0.001). Conclusion: A distinct age-related CBF pattern can be identified with multivariate PCA using ASL MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Marc L. Gordon
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hofstra University, Hepstead, NY, United States
| | - Yilong Ma
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Bradley Chi
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hofstra University, Hepstead, NY, United States
| | - Jesus J. Gomar
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Shichun Peng
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Peter B. Kingsley
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hofstra University, Hepstead, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - David Eidelberg
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hofstra University, Hepstead, NY, United States
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Terry E. Goldberg
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hofstra University, Hepstead, NY, United States
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28
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Petr J, Mutsaerts HJMM, De Vita E, Steketee RME, Smits M, Nederveen AJ, Hofheinz F, van den Hoff J, Asllani I. Effects of systematic partial volume errors on the estimation of gray matter cerebral blood flow with arterial spin labeling MRI. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 31:725-734. [PMID: 29916058 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-0691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Partial volume (PV) correction is an important step in arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI that is used to separate perfusion from structural effects when computing the mean gray matter (GM) perfusion. There are three main methods for performing this correction: (1) GM-threshold, which includes only voxels with GM volume above a preset threshold; (2) GM-weighted, which uses voxel-wise GM contribution combined with thresholding; and (3) PVC, which applies a spatial linear regression algorithm to estimate the flow contribution of each tissue at a given voxel. In all cases, GM volume is obtained using PV maps extracted from the segmentation of the T1-weighted (T1w) image. As such, PV maps contain errors due to the difference in readout type and spatial resolution between ASL and T1w images. Here, we estimated these errors and evaluated their effect on the performance of each PV correction method in computing GM cerebral blood flow (CBF). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two volunteers underwent scanning using 2D echo planar imaging (EPI) and 3D spiral ASL. For each PV correction method, GM CBF was computed using PV maps simulated to contain estimated errors due to spatial resolution mismatch and geometric distortions which are caused by the mismatch in readout between ASL and T1w images. Results were analyzed to assess the effect of each error on the estimation of GM CBF from ASL data. RESULTS Geometric distortion had the largest effect on the 2D EPI data, whereas the 3D spiral was most affected by the resolution mismatch. The PVC method outperformed the GM-threshold even in the presence of combined errors from resolution mismatch and geometric distortions. The quantitative advantage of PVC was 16% without and 10% with the combined errors for both 2D and 3D ASL. Consistent with theoretical expectations, for error-free PV maps, the PVC method extracted the true GM CBF. In contrast, GM-weighted overestimated GM CBF by 5%, while GM-threshold underestimated it by 16%. The presence of PV map errors decreased the calculated GM CBF for all methods. CONCLUSION The quality of PV maps presents no argument for the preferential use of the GM-threshold method over PVC in the clinical application of ASL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Petr
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Henri J M M Mutsaerts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico De Vita
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, Kings Health Partners, St Thomas Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca M E Steketee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Smits
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hofheinz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg van den Hoff
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Iris Asllani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
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29
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Catchlove SJ, Macpherson H, Hughes ME, Chen Y, Parrish TB, Pipingas A. An investigation of cerebral oxygen utilization, blood flow and cognition in healthy aging. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197055. [PMID: 29787609 PMCID: PMC5963791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding how vascular and metabolic factors impact on cognitive function is essential to develop efficient therapies to prevent and treat cognitive losses in older age. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and venous oxygenation (Yv) comprise key physiologic processes that maintain optimum functioning of neural activity. Changes to these parameters across the lifespan may precede neurodegeneration and contribute to age-related cognitive decline. This study examined differences in blood flow and metabolism between 31 healthy younger (<50 years) and 29 healthy older (>50 years) adults; and investigated whether these parameters contribute to cognitive performance. Method Participants underwent a cognitive assessment and MRI scan. Grey matter CMRO2 was calculated from measures of CBF (phase contrast MRI), arterial and venous oxygenation (TRUST MRI) to assess group differences in physiological function and the contribution of these parameters to cognition. Results Performance on memory (p<0.001) and attention tasks (p<0.001) and total CBF were reduced (p<0.05), and Yv trended toward a decrease (p = .06) in the older group, while grey matter CBF and CMRO2 did not differ between the age groups. Attention was negatively associated with CBF when adjusted (p<0.05) in the older adults, but not in the younger group. There was no such relationship with memory. Neither cognitive measure was associated with oxygen metabolism or venous oxygenation in either age group. Conclusion Findings indicated an age-related imbalance between oxygen delivery, consumption and demand, evidenced by a decreased supply of oxygen with unchanged metabolism resulting in increased oxygen extraction. CBF predicted attention when the age-effect was controlled, suggesting a task- specific CBF- cognition relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Catchlove
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Hawthorn Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Helen Macpherson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew E. Hughes
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Australian National Imaging Facility, University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
| | - Yufen Chen
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Todd B. Parrish
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Hawthorn Victoria, Australia
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30
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Maes C, Hermans L, Pauwels L, Chalavi S, Leunissen I, Levin O, Cuypers K, Peeters R, Sunaert S, Mantini D, Puts NAJ, Edden RAE, Swinnen SP. Age-related differences in GABA levels are driven by bulk tissue changes. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:3652-3662. [PMID: 29722142 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Levels of GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, can be regionally quantified using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Although GABA is crucial for efficient neuronal functioning, little is known about age-related differences in GABA levels and their relationship with age-related changes in brain structure. Here, we investigated the effect of age on GABA levels within the left sensorimotor cortex and the occipital cortex in a sample of 85 young and 85 older adults using the MEGA-PRESS sequence. Because the distribution of GABA varies across different brain tissues, various correction methods are available to account for this variation. Considering that these correction methods are highly dependent on the tissue composition of the voxel of interest, we examined differences in voxel composition between age groups and the impact of these various correction methods on the identification of age-related differences in GABA levels. Results indicated that, within both voxels of interest, older (as compared to young adults) exhibited smaller gray matter fraction accompanied by larger fraction of cerebrospinal fluid. Whereas uncorrected GABA levels were significantly lower in older as compared to young adults, this age effect was absent when GABA levels were corrected for voxel composition. These results suggest that age-related differences in GABA levels are at least partly driven by the age-related gray matter loss. However, as alterations in GABA levels might be region-specific, further research should clarify to what extent gray matter changes may account for age-related differences in GABA levels within other brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Maes
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lize Hermans
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Pauwels
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sima Chalavi
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Leunissen
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oron Levin
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,REVAL Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, Diepenbeek, B-3590, Belgium
| | - Ronald Peeters
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Gasthuisberg, UZ, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Gasthuisberg, UZ, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Altered cerebral hemodyamics and cortical thinning in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189727. [PMID: 29240808 PMCID: PMC5730122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical thinning is a potentially important biomarker, but the pathophysiology in cerebrovascular disease is unknown. We investigated the association between regional cortical blood flow and regional cortical thickness in patients with asymptomatic unilateral high-grade internal carotid artery disease without stroke. Twenty-nine patients underwent high resolution anatomical and single-delay, pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging with partial volume correction to assess gray matter baseline flow. Cortical thickness was estimated using Freesurfer software, followed by co-registration onto each patient's cerebral blood flow image space. Paired t-tests assessed regional cerebral blood flow in motor cortex (supplied by the carotid artery) and visual cortex (indirectly supplied by the carotid) on the occluded and unoccluded side. Pearson correlations were calculated between cortical thickness and regional cerebral blood flow, along with age, hypertension, diabetes and white matter hyperintensity volume. Multiple regression and generalized estimating equation were used to predict cortical thickness bilaterally and in each hemisphere separately. Cortical blood flow correlated with thickness in motor cortex bilaterally (p = 0.0002), and in the occluded and unoccluded sides individually; age (p = 0.002) was also a predictor of cortical thickness in the motor cortex. None of the variables predicted cortical thickness in visual cortex. Blood flow was significantly lower on the occluded versus unoccluded side in the motor cortex (p<0.0001) and in the visual cortex (p = 0.018). On average, cortex was thinner on the side of occlusion in motor but not in visual cortex. The association between cortical blood flow and cortical thickness in carotid arterial territory with greater thinning on the side of the carotid occlusion suggests that altered cerebral hemodynamics is a factor in cortical thinning.
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32
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Ma HR, Pan PL, Sheng LQ, Dai ZY, Wang GD, Luo R, Chen JH, Xiao PR, Zhong JG, Shi HC. Aberrant pattern of regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer's disease: a voxel-wise meta-analysis of arterial spin labeling MR imaging studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93196-93208. [PMID: 29190989 PMCID: PMC5696255 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have applied arterial spin labeling (ASL) to characterize cerebral perfusion patterns of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, findings across studies are not conclusive. A quantitatively voxel-wise meta-analysis to pool the resting-state ASL studies that measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) alterations in AD was conducted to identify the most consistent and replicable perfusion pattern using seed-based d mapping. The meta-analysis, including 17 ASL studies encompassing 327 AD patients and 357 healthy controls, demonstrated that decreased rCBF in AD patients relative to healthy controls were consistently identified in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortices (PCC)/precuneus, bilateral inferior parietal lobules (IPLs), and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The meta-regression analysis showed that more severe cognitive impairment in the AD samples correlated with greater decreases of rCBF in the bilateral PCC and left IPL. This study characterizes an aberrant ASL-rCBF perfusion pattern of AD involving the posterior default mode network and executive network, which are implicated in its pathophysiology and hold promise for developing imaging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Rong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, PR China
| | - Ping Lei Pan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Li Qin Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, PR China
| | - Zhen Yu Dai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Gen Di Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Rong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Jia Hui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Pei Rong Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Jian Guo Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Hai Cun Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
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33
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Spann SM, Kazimierski KS, Aigner CS, Kraiger M, Bredies K, Stollberger R. Spatio-temporal TGV denoising for ASL perfusion imaging. Neuroimage 2017; 157:81-96. [PMID: 28559192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In arterial spin labeling (ASL) a perfusion weighted image is achieved by subtracting a label image from a control image. This perfusion weighted image has an intrinsically low signal to noise ratio and numerous measurements are required to achieve reliable image quality, especially at higher spatial resolutions. To overcome this limitation various denoising approaches have been published using the perfusion weighted image as input for denoising. In this study we propose a new spatio-temporal filtering approach based on total generalized variation (TGV) regularization which exploits the inherent information of control and label pairs simultaneously. In this way, the temporal and spatial similarities of all images are used to jointly denoise the control and label images. To assess the effect of denoising, virtual ground truth data were produced at different SNR levels. Furthermore, high-resolution in-vivo pulsed ASL data sets were acquired and processed. The results show improved image quality, quantitative accuracy and robustness against outliers compared to seven state of the art denoising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M Spann
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kamil S Kazimierski
- Institute for Mathematics and Scientific Computing, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 36, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph S Aigner
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Kraiger
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kristian Bredies
- Institute for Mathematics and Scientific Computing, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 36, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Stollberger
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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34
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Hshieh TT, Dai W, Cavallari M, Guttmann CR, Meier DS, Schmitt EM, Dickerson BC, Press DZ, Marcantonio ER, Jones RN, Gou YR, Travison TG, Fong TG, Ngo L, Inouye SK, Alsop DC. Cerebral blood flow MRI in the nondemented elderly is not predictive of post-operative delirium but is correlated with cognitive performance. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1386-1397. [PMID: 27401806 PMCID: PMC5453459 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16656014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) MRI was performed before surgery in a cohort of 146 prospectively enrolled subjects ≥ 70 years old scheduled to undergo elective surgery. We investigated the prospective association between ASL-derived measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) before surgery with postoperative delirium incidence and severity using whole-brain and globally normalized voxel-wise analysis. We also investigated the cross-sectional association of CBF with patients' baseline performance on specific neuropsychological tests, and with a composite general cognitive performance measure (GCP). Out of 146 subjects, 32 (22%) developed delirium. We found no significant association between global and voxel-wise CBF with delirium incidence or severity. We found the most significant positive associations between CBF of the posterior cingulate and precuneus and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised total score, Visual Search and Attention Test (VSAT) score and the GCP composite. VSAT score was also strongly associated with right parietal lobe CBF. ASL can be employed in a large, well-characterized older cohort to examine associations between CBF and age-related cognitive performance. Although ASL CBF measures in regions previously associated with preclinical Alzheimer's Disease were correlated with cognition, they were not found to be indicators of baseline pathology that may increase risk for delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy T Hshieh
- 1 Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiying Dai
- 3 Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,4 Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Michele Cavallari
- 5 Center for Neurological Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Rg Guttmann
- 5 Center for Neurological Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dominik S Meier
- 5 Center for Neurological Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva M Schmitt
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradford C Dickerson
- 6 Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Psychiatric Neuroimaging Division, Department of Psychiatry, and Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Z Press
- 7 Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward R Marcantonio
- 8 Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard N Jones
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.,9 Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Neurology, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yun Ray Gou
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas G Travison
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.,8 Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tamara G Fong
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.,7 Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Long Ngo
- 8 Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharon K Inouye
- 2 Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.,8 Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Alsop
- 3 Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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35
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Leoni R, Oliveira I, Pontes-Neto O, Santos A, Leite J. Cerebral blood flow and vasoreactivity in aging: an arterial spin labeling study. Braz J Med Biol Res 2017; 50:e5670. [PMID: 28355354 PMCID: PMC5423749 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20175670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in young and elderly participants were assessed using pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) and blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in combination with inhalation of CO2. Pulsed ASL and BOLD-MRI were acquired in seventeen asymptomatic volunteers (10 young adults, age: 30±7 years; 7 elderly adults, age: 64±8 years) with no history of diabetes, hypertension, and neurological diseases. Data from one elderly participant was excluded due to the incorrigible head motion. Average baseline CBF in gray matter was significantly reduced in elderly (46±9 mL·100 g-1·min-1) compared to young adults (57±8 mL·100 g-1·min-1; P=0.02). Decreased pulsed ASL-CVR and BOLD-CVR in gray matter were also observed in elderly (2.12±1.30 and 0.13±0.06 %/mmHg, respectively) compared to young adults (3.28±1.43 and 0.28±0.11 %/mmHg, respectively; P<0.05), suggesting some degree of vascular impairment with aging. Moreover, age-related decrease in baseline CBF was observed in different brain regions (inferior, middle and superior frontal gyri; precentral and postcentral gyri; superior temporal gyrus; cingulate gyri; insula, putamen, caudate, and supramarginal gyrus). In conclusion, CBF and CVR were successfully investigated using a protocol that causes minimal or no discomfort for the participants. Age-related decreases in baseline CBF and CVR were observed in the cerebral cortex, which may be related to the vulnerability for neurological disorders in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.F. Leoni
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - I.A.F. Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - O.M. Pontes-Neto
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A.C. Santos
- Divisão de Radiologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - J.P. Leite
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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Zhao L, Dai W, Soman S, Hackney DB, Wong ET, Robson PM, Alsop DC. Using Anatomic Magnetic Resonance Image Information to Enhance Visualization and Interpretation of Functional Images: A Comparison of Methods Applied to Clinical Arterial Spin Labeling Images. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2017; 36:487-496. [PMID: 27723582 PMCID: PMC5382993 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2016.2615567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional imaging provides hemodynamic and metabolic information and is increasingly being incorporated into clinical diagnostic and research studies. Typically functional images have reduced signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution compared to other non-functional cross sectional images obtained as part of a routine clinical protocol. We hypothesized that enhancing visualization and interpretation of functional images with anatomic information could provide preferable quality and superior diagnostic value. In this work, we implemented five methods (frequency addition, frequency multiplication, wavelet transform, nonsubsampled contourlet transform and intensity-hue-saturation) and a newly proposed ShArpening by Local Similarity with Anatomic images (SALSA) method to enhance the visualization of functional images, while preserving the original functional contrast and quantitative signal intensity characteristics over larger spatial scales. Arterial spin labeling blood flow MR images of the brain were visualization enhanced using anatomic images with multiple contrasts. The algorithms were validated on a numerical phantom and their performance on images of brain tumor patients were assessed by quantitative metrics and neuroradiologist subjective ratings. The frequency multiplication method had the lowest residual error for preserving the original functional image contrast at larger spatial scales (55%-98% of the other methods with simulated data and 64%-86% with experimental data). It was also significantly more highly graded by the radiologists (p<0.005 for clear brain anatomy around the tumor). Compared to other methods, the SALSA provided 11%-133% higher similarity with ground truth images in the simulation and showed just slightly lower neuroradiologist grading score. Most of these monochrome methods do not require any prior knowledge about the functional and anatomic image characteristics, except the acquired resolution. Hence, automatic implementation on clinical images should be readily feasible.
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Zhang N, Gordon ML, Goldberg TE. Cerebral blood flow measured by arterial spin labeling MRI at resting state in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 72:168-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bruening DE, Dharssi S, Lazar RM, Marshall RS, Asllani I. Improved partial volume correction method for detecting brain activation in disease using Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) fMRI. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2015:5441-4. [PMID: 26737522 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The insight provided by fMRI, particularly BOLD fMRI, has been critical to the understanding of human brain function. Unfortunately, the application of fMRI techniques in clinical research has been held back by several factors. In order for the clinical field to successfully apply fMRI, two main challenges posed by aging and diseased brains need to be overcome: (1) difficulties in signal measurement and interpretation, and (2) partial voluming effects (PVE). Recent work has addressed the first challenge by developing fMRI methods that, in contrast to BOLD, provide a direct measurement of a physiological correlate of function. One such method is Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) fMRI, which provides images of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in physiologically meaningful units. Although the problems caused by PVE can be mitigated to some degree through the acquisition of high spatial resolution fMRI data, both hardware and experimental design considerations limit this solution. Our team has developed a PVE correction (PVEc) algorithm that produces CBF images that are theoretically independent of tissue content and the associated PVE. The main drawback of the current PVEc method is that it introduces an inherent smoothing of the functional data. This smoothing effect can reduce the sensitivity of the method, complicating the detection of local changes in CBF, such as those due to stroke or activation. Here, we present results from an improved PVEc algorithm (ssPVEc), which uses high-resolution structural space information to correct for the tissue-driven heterogeneity in the ASL signal. We tested the ssPVEc method on ASL images obtained on patients with asymptomatic carotid occlusive disease during rest and motor activation. Our results showed that the sensitivity of the ssPVEc method (defined as the average T-value in the activated region) was at least 1.5 times greater than that of the original, functional space, fsPVEc, for all patients.
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Sun Y, Cao W, Ding W, Wang Y, Han X, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Xu J. Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations as Assessed by 3D ASL in Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Subcortical Vascular Cognitive Impairment: A Marker for Disease Severity. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:211. [PMID: 27630562 PMCID: PMC5005930 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal reductions in cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) have been identified in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI). However, little is known about the pattern of CBF reduction in relation with the degree of cognitive impairment. CBF measured with three-dimensional (3D) Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) helps detect functional changes in subjects with SVCI. We aimed to compare CBF maps in subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) subjects with and without cognitive impairment and to detect the relationship of the regions of CBF reduction in the brain with the degree of cognitive impairment according to the z-score. A total of 53 subjects with SVCI and 23 matched SIVD subjects without cognitive impairment (controls), underwent a whole-brain 3D ASL MRI in the resting state. Regional CBF (rCBF) was compared voxel wise by using an analysis of variance design in a statistical parametric mapping program, with patient age and sex as covariates. Correlations were calculated between the rCBF value in the whole brain and the z-score in the 53 subjects with SVCI. Compared with the control subjects, SVCI group demonstrated diffuse decreased CBF in the brain. Significant positive correlations were determined in the rCBF values in the left hippocampus, left superior temporal pole gyrus, right superior frontal orbital lobe, right medial frontal orbital lobe, right middle temporal lobe, left thalamus and right insula with the z-scores in SVCI group. The noninvasively quantified resting CBF demonstrated altered CBF distributions in the SVCI brain. The deficit brain perfusions in the temporal and frontal lobe, hippocampus, thalamus and insula was related to the degree of cognitive impairment. Its relationship to cognition indicates the clinical relevance of this functional marker. Thus, our results provide further evidence for the mechanisms underlying the cognitive deficit in patients with SVCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Ding
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- GE Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare Shanghai, China
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
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Age-related deficits in voluntary control over saccadic eye movements: consideration of electrical brain stimulation as a therapeutic strategy. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 41:53-63. [PMID: 27103518 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sudden changes in our visual environment trigger reflexive eye movements, so automatically they often go unnoticed. Consequently, voluntary control over reflexive eye movements entails considerable effort. In relation to frontal-lobe deterioration, adult aging adversely impacts voluntary saccadic eye movement control in particular, which compromises effective performance of daily activities. Here, we review the nature of age-related changes in saccadic control, focusing primarily on the antisaccade task because of its assessment of 2 key age-sensitive control functions: reflexive saccade inhibition and voluntary saccade generation. With an ultimate view toward facilitating development of therapeutic strategies, we systematically review the neuroanatomy underpinning voluntary control over saccadic eye movements and natural mechanisms that kick in to compensate for age-related declines. We then explore the potential of noninvasive electrical brain stimulation to counteract aging deficits. Based on evidence that anodal transcranial direct current stimulation can confer a range of benefits specifically relevant to aging brains, we put forward this neuromodulation technique as a therapeutic strategy for improving voluntary saccadic eye movement control in older adults.
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Sigurdsson S, Forsberg L, Aspelund T, van der Geest RJ, van Buchem MA, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, van Osch MJ. Feasibility of Using Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion in a Geriatric Population at 1.5 Tesla. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144743. [PMID: 26659363 PMCID: PMC4687637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the feasibility of using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion in a geriatric population at 1.5-Tesla. Materials and Methods In 17 participants (mean age 78.8±1.63 years) we assessed; 1) inter-session repeatability and reliability of resting state perfusion in 27 brain regions; 2) brain activation using finger-tapping as a means to evaluate the ability to detect flow differences; 3) reliability by comparing cerebral blood flow (CBF) with pCASL to CBF with phase contrast (PC-MR). Results The CBF (mean±standard deviation (SD)) for the whole brain grey matter (GM) was 40.6±8.4 and 41.4±8.7 ml/100g/min for the first and second scan respectively. The within-subject standard deviation (SDw), the repeatability index (RI) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) across the 27 regions ranged from 1.1 to 7.9, 2.2 to 15.5 and 0.35 to 0.98 respectively. For whole brain GM the SDw, RI and ICC were 1.6, 3.2 and 0.96 respectively. The between-subject standard deviation (SDB) was larger than the SDw for all regions. Comparison of CBF at rest and activation on a voxel level showed significantly higher perfusion during finger tapping in the motor- and somatosensory regions. The mean CBF for whole brain GM was 40.6±8.4 ml/100g/min at rest and 42.6±8.6 ml/100g/min during activation. Finally the reliability of pCASL against the reference standard of PC-MR was high (ICC = 0.80). The mean CBF for whole brain measured with PC-MRI was 54.3±10.1 ml/100g/min and 38.3±7.8 ml/100g/min with pCASL. Conclusions The results demonstrate moderate to high levels of repeatability and reliability for most brain regions, comparable to what has been reported for younger populations. The performance of pCASL at 1.5-Tesla shows that region-specific perfusion measurements with this technique are feasible in studies of a geriatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thor Aspelund
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- The University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rob J. van der Geest
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. van Buchem
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- The University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Matthias J. van Osch
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ambarki K, Wåhlin A, Zarrinkoob L, Wirestam R, Petr J, Malm J, Eklund A. Accuracy of Parenchymal Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin-Labeling in Healthy Volunteers. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:1816-21. [PMID: 26251434 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The arterial spin-labeling method for CBF assessment is widely available, but its accuracy is not fully established. We investigated the accuracy of a whole-brain arterial spin-labeling technique for assessing the mean parenchymal CBF and the effect of aging in healthy volunteers. Phase-contrast MR imaging was used as the reference method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-two healthy volunteers were included: 49 young (age range, 20-30 years) and 43 elderly (age range, 65-80 years). Arterial spin-labeling parenchymal CBF values were averaged over the whole brain to quantify the mean pCBF(ASL) value. Total CBF was assessed with phase-contrast MR imaging as the sum of flows in the internal carotid and vertebral arteries, and subsequent division by brain volume returned the pCBF(PCMRI) value. Accuracy was considered as good as that of the reference method if the systematic difference was less than 5 mL/min/100 g of brain tissue and if the 95% confidence intervals were equal to or better than ±10 mL/min/100 g. RESULTS pCBF(ASL) correlated to pCBF(PCMRI) (r = 0.73; P < .001). Significant differences were observed between the pCBF(ASL) and pCBF(PCMRI) values in the young (P = .001) and the elderly (P < .001) volunteers. The systematic differences (mean ± 2 standard deviations) were -4 ± 14 mL/min/100 g in the young subjects and 6 ± 12 mL/min/100 g in the elderly subjects. Young subjects showed higher values than the elderly subjects for pCBF(PCMRI) (young, 57 ± 8 mL/min/100 g; elderly, 54 ± 7 mL/min/100 g; P = .05) and pCBF(ASL) (young, 61 ± 10 mL/min/100 g; elderly, 48 ± 10 mL/min/100 g; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The limits of agreement were too wide for the arterial spin-labeling method to be considered satisfactorily accurate, whereas the systematic overestimation in the young subjects and underestimation in the elderly subjects were close to acceptable. The age-related decrease in parenchymal CBF was augmented in arterial spin-labeling compared with phase-contrast MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ambarki
- From the Department of Radiation Sciences (K.A., A.W., A.E.) Centre for Biomedical Engineering and Physics (K.A., A.E.)
| | - A Wåhlin
- From the Department of Radiation Sciences (K.A., A.W., A.E.) Center for Functional Brain Imaging (A.W., A.E.)
| | - L Zarrinkoob
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (L.Z., J.M.), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - R Wirestam
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics (R.W.), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Petr
- PET Center (J.P.), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Malm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (L.Z., J.M.), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Eklund
- From the Department of Radiation Sciences (K.A., A.W., A.E.) Centre for Biomedical Engineering and Physics (K.A., A.E.) Center for Functional Brain Imaging (A.W., A.E.)
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Quantitative T2, T2*, and T2' MR imaging in patients with ischemic leukoaraiosis might detect microstructural changes and cortical hypoxia. Neuroradiology 2015; 57:1023-30. [PMID: 26227168 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-015-1565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping has been shown to non-invasively depict microstructural changes (T2) and oxygenation status (T2* and T2') that are invisible on conventional MRI. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether T2 and T2' quantification detects cerebral (micro-)structural damage and chronic hypoxia in lesions and in normal appearing white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) of patients with ischemic leukoaraiosis (IL). Measurements were complemented by the assessment of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the degree of GM and WM atrophy. METHODS Eighteen patients with IL and 18 age-matched healthy controls were included. High-resolution, motion-corrected T2, T2*, and T2' mapping, CBF mapping (pulsed arterial spin labeling, PASL), and segmentation of GM and WM were used to depict specific changes in both groups. All parameters were compared between patients and healthy controls, using t testing. Values of p < 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS Patients showed significantly increased T2 in lesions (p < 0.01) and in unaffected WM (p = 0.045) as well as significantly increased T2* in lesions (p = 0.003). A significant decrease of T2' was detected in patients in unaffected WM (p = 0.027), while no T2' changes were observed in GM (p = 0.13). Both unaffected WM and GM were significantly decreased in volume in the patient-group (p < 0.01). No differences of PASL-based CBF could be shown. CONCLUSION Non-invasive quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping might be used to detect subtle structural and metabolic changes in IL. Assessing the grade of microstructural damage and hypoxia might be helpful to monitor disease progression and to perform risk assessment.
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Zhao L, Fielden SW, Feng X, Wintermark M, Mugler JP, Meyer CH. Rapid 3D dynamic arterial spin labeling with a sparse model-based image reconstruction. Neuroimage 2015; 121:205-16. [PMID: 26169322 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI measures the perfusion bolus at multiple observation times and yields accurate estimates of cerebral blood flow in the presence of variations in arterial transit time. ASL has intrinsically low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and is sensitive to motion, so that extensive signal averaging is typically required, leading to long scan times for dynamic ASL. The goal of this study was to develop an accelerated dynamic ASL method with improved SNR and robustness to motion using a model-based image reconstruction that exploits the inherent sparsity of dynamic ASL data. The first component of this method is a single-shot 3D turbo spin echo spiral pulse sequence accelerated using a combination of parallel imaging and compressed sensing. This pulse sequence was then incorporated into a dynamic pseudo continuous ASL acquisition acquired at multiple observation times, and the resulting images were jointly reconstructed enforcing a model of potential perfusion time courses. Performance of the technique was verified using a numerical phantom and it was validated on normal volunteers on a 3-Tesla scanner. In simulation, a spatial sparsity constraint improved SNR and reduced estimation errors. Combined with a model-based sparsity constraint, the proposed method further improved SNR, reduced estimation error and suppressed motion artifacts. Experimentally, the proposed method resulted in significant improvements, with scan times as short as 20s per time point. These results suggest that the model-based image reconstruction enables rapid dynamic ASL with improved accuracy and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Samuel W Fielden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John P Mugler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Craig H Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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46
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Exercise intensity modulates the change in cerebral blood flow following aerobic exercise in chronic stroke. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:2467-75. [PMID: 26003127 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms supporting functional improvement by aerobic exercise following stroke remain incompletely understood. This study investigated how cycling intensity and aerobic fitness influence cerebral blood flow (CBF) following a single exercise session. Thirteen community-living stroke survivors performed 20 min of semi-recumbent cycling at low and moderate intensities (40-50 and 60-70 % of heart rate reserve, respectively) as determined from an exercise stress test. CBF was quantified by arterial spin labeling MRI at baseline, as well as 30 and 50 min post-exercise. An intensity-dependent effect was observed in the right post-central and supramarginal gyri up to 50 min after exercise (uncorrected p < 0.005, cluster size ≥10). Regional CBF was increased 18 ± 17 % and reduced 8 ± 12 % following moderate- and low-intensity cycling, respectively. In contrast, CBF changes were similar between sessions in the right lentiform nucleus and mid-frontal gyrus, as well as the left temporal and parietal gyri. Aerobic fitness was directly related to posterior cingulate and thalamic CBF, and inversely related to precuneal CBF at rest (R (2) ≥ 0.75); however, no relationship between fitness and the post-exercise change in CBF was observed. Divergent changes in regional CBF were observed in the right parietal cortex following low- and moderate-intensity exercise, which suggests that intensity of prescribed exercise may be useful in optimizing rehabilitation.
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Chou PH, Koike S, Nishimura Y, Satomura Y, Kinoshita A, Takizawa R, Kasai K. Similar age-related decline in cortical activity over frontotemporal regions in schizophrenia: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study. Schizophr Bull 2015; 41:268-79. [PMID: 24948388 PMCID: PMC4266293 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although recent studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls did not differ in the speed of age-related decline in cortical thickness and performances on cognitive tests, hemodynamic changes assessed by functional neuroimaging remain unclear. This study investigated age effects on regional brain cortical activity to determine whether there is similar age-related decline in cortical activity as those observed in cortical thickness and cognitive test performance. METHOD A total of 109 patients with schizophrenia (age range: 16-59 y) and 106 healthy controls (age range: 16-59 y) underwent near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) while performing a verbal fluency test (VFT). Group comparison of cortical activity was examined using 2-tailed t tests, adopting the false discovery rate method. The relationship between age and cortical activity was investigated using correlational and multiple regression analyses, adjusting for potential confounding variables. A 2-way ANOVA was conducted to investigate differences in the age effects between diagnostic groups. RESULTS The patient group exhibited significantly decreased cortical activity in several regions of the frontotemporal cortices. However, slopes of age-dependent decreases in cortical activity were similar between patients and healthy individuals at the bilateral frontotemporal regions. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed no significant between-group differences in the age-related decline in cortical activity, as measured by NIRS, over the frontotemporal regions during a VFT. The results of our study may indicate a decrease in cortical activity in a relatively limited period around illness onset rather than continuously progressing over the course of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chou
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;,Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;,Division for Counseling and Support, Office for Mental Health Support, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukika Nishimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Satomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Kinoshita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu Takizawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;,Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;
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Kandel BM, Wang DJJ, Detre JA, Gee JC, Avants BB. Decomposing cerebral blood flow MRI into functional and structural components: a non-local approach based on prediction. Neuroimage 2014; 105:156-70. [PMID: 25449745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We present RIPMMARC (Rotation Invariant Patch-based Multi-Modality Analysis aRChitecture), a flexible and widely applicable method for extracting information unique to a given modality from a multi-modal data set. We use RIPMMARC to improve the interpretation of arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion images by removing the component of perfusion that is predicted by the underlying anatomy. Using patch-based, rotation invariant descriptors derived from the anatomical image, we learn a predictive relationship between local neuroanatomical structure and the corresponding perfusion image. This relation allows us to produce an image of perfusion that would be predicted given only the underlying anatomy and a residual image that represents perfusion information that cannot be predicted by anatomical features. Our learned structural features are significantly better at predicting brain perfusion than tissue probability maps, which are the input to standard partial volume correction techniques. Studies in test-retest data show that both the anatomically predicted and residual perfusion signals are highly replicable for a given subject. In a pediatric population, both the raw perfusion and structurally predicted images are tightly linked to age throughout adolescence throughout the brain. Interestingly, the residual perfusion also shows a strong correlation with age in selected regions including the hippocampi (corr = 0.38, p-value <10(-6)), precuneus (corr = -0.44, p < 10(-5)), and combined default mode network regions (corr = -0.45, p < 10(-8)) that is independent of global anatomy-perfusion trends. This finding suggests that there is a regionally heterogeneous pattern of functional specialization that is distinct from that of cortical structural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Kandel
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Danny J J Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John A Detre
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James C Gee
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian B Avants
- Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Vidal-Piñeiro D, Valls-Pedret C, Fernández-Cabello S, Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Sala-Llonch R, Solana E, Bargalló N, Junqué C, Ros E, Bartrés-Faz D. Decreased Default Mode Network connectivity correlates with age-associated structural and cognitive changes. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:256. [PMID: 25309433 PMCID: PMC4174767 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing entails cognitive and motor decline as well as brain changes such as loss of gray (GM) and white matter (WM) integrity, neurovascular and functional connectivity alterations. Regarding connectivity, reduced resting-state fMRI connectivity between anterior and posterior nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN) relates to cognitive function and has been postulated to be a hallmark of ageing. However, the relationship between age-related connectivity changes and other neuroimaging-based measures in ageing is fragmentarily investigated. In a sample of 116 healthy elders we aimed to study the relationship between antero-posterior DMN connectivity and measures of WM integrity, GM integrity and cerebral blood flow (CBF), assessed with an arterial spin labeling sequence. First, we replicated previous findings demonstrating DMN connectivity decreases in ageing and an association between antero-posterior DMN connectivity and memory scores. The results showed that the functional connectivity between posterior midline structures and the medial prefrontal cortex was related to measures of WM and GM integrity but not to CBF. Gray and WM correlates of anterio-posterior DMN connectivity included, but were not limited to, DMN areas and cingulum bundle. These results resembled patterns of age-related vulnerability which was studied by comparing the correlates of antero-posterior DMN with age-effect maps. These age-effect maps were obtained after performing an independent analysis with a second sample including both young and old subjects. We argue that antero-posterior connectivity might be a sensitive measure of brain ageing over the brain. By using a comprehensive approach, the results provide valuable knowledge that may shed further light on DMN connectivity dysfunctions in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didac Vidal-Piñeiro
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Unitat de Lípids, Servei Endicronologia i Nutrició, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Fernández-Cabello
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Laboratoire de neuropsychologie, INSERM U1077 Caen, France
| | - Roser Sala-Llonch
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Solana
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain ; Servei de Radiologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junqué
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Unitat de Lípids, Servei Endicronologia i Nutrició, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologica Clinica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona, Spain
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Borogovac A, Laine A, Hirsch J, Asllani I. Tissue specific arterial spin labeling fMRI: a superior method for imaging cerebral blood flow in aging and disease. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2014; 2014:6687-6690. [PMID: 25571530 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6945162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is a physiological correlate of brain function and metabolism and as such an essential parameter for investigating how aging and disease affect the brain. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an fMRI method that provides absolute measurement of CBF non-invasively and with higher spatial resolution than non-MRI methods. However, application of ASL in older populations is hampered by partial volume effects (PVE) and tissue dependent changes in CBF. We have developed a tissue-specific ASL method (ts-ASL) that provides `flow density' measures by quantifying CBF for each tissue separately and independently of tissue content. Using simulated functional and structural images, we investigated the effects of brain atrophy and random noise on the SNR of GM CBF measured with conventional and ts-ASL. Results showed that: (1) For all noise levels, the SNR of ts-ASL was higher. For example, for a random Gaussian noise with standard deviation σ = 4, the SNR of GM CBF obtained with ts-ASL was ~3 times higher than the SNR of the conventional method. (2) In contrast to conventional ASL, which was substantially affected by brain atrophy, ts-ASL was virtually independent of it. (3) The sensitivity of ts-ASL for detecting focal changes in CBF (ΔCBF) in the presence of atrophy and noise was also higher compared to the conventional method. In hippocampus, for 15% atrophy and Gaussian noise with σ = 4, conventional and ts-ASL retrieved 73% and 90% of the modeled ΔCBF, respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that ts-ASL may be better suited for measuring CBF in the presence of atrophy and random noise, both of which are expected to increase with aging and disease.
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