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Hsieh RW, Gooding WE, Nilsen M, Kubik M, Kelly Z, Sridharan S, Skinner H, Iheagwara U, Zevallos JP, Duvvuri U, Kim S, Ferris RL, Zandberg DP. Association of Patient and Tumor Characteristics With Outcomes in Young Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2024. [PMID: 39175141 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We retrospectively studied young patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to identify factors associated with disease-specific survival (DSS). METHODS Patient and tumor characteristics of patients aged ≤45 who received treatments for non-metastatic HNSCC were collected to identify factors associated with DSS. Proportional hazards regression was applied separately for surgical and non-surgical patients. RESULTS 230 patients were included. Surgical and non-surgical patients had similar DSS. Higher pathologic stages, positive margins, perineural invasion (PNI), extranodal extension and negative HPV status were associated with worse DSS for surgical patients and negative HPV status for non-surgical patients. In the multivariate analysis, pathologic stages, positive margins, and PNI were associated with worse DSS in surgical patients. CONCLUSION Pathologic stages, positive margins, and PNI are independently associated with worse DSS in young surgical HNSCC patients. PNI is a uniquely strong prognostic factor for young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan W Hsieh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Marci Nilsen
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Kubik
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zahra Kelly
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaum Sridharan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heath Skinner
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Uzoma Iheagwara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seungwon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dan P Zandberg
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang Y, Wang F, Wang S, Zhang L, Fu H, Sun L, Wang W, Liu C, Ren W, Gao L, Xing G, Ma X. p16 and p53 can Serve as Prognostic Markers for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int Dent J 2024; 74:543-552. [PMID: 38105167 PMCID: PMC11123557 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the expression and clinical significance of human papilloma virus-related pathogenic factors (p16, cyclin D1, p53) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and construct a predictive model. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to obtain clinical data for 112 patients with HNSCC. Expression of p16, p53, and cyclin D1 was quantified. We used the survival package of the R program to set the cut-off value. Values above the cut-off were considered positive, while values below the cut-off were negative. Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate prognostic clinicopathological indicators and the expression of p16, p53, and cyclin D1. A predictive model was constructed based on the results of multifactor Cox regression analysis, and the accuracy of the predictive model was verified through final calibration analysis. Follow-up of patients with HNSCC at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University was conducted from 2015 to 2017, and reliability of the predictive model was validated based on follow-up data and molecular expression levels. RESULTS According to the results, expression of p16 and p53 was significantly associated with prognosis (P < .05). The predictive model constructed based on the expression levels of p16 and p53 was useful for evaluating the prognosis of patients with HNSCC. The predictive model was validated using follow-up data obtained from the hospital, and the trend of the follow-up results was consistent with the predictive model. CONCLUSION p16 and p53 can be used as key indicators to predict the prognosis of HNSCC patients and as critical immunohistochemical indicators in clinical practice. The survival model constructed based on p16 and p53 expression levels reliably predicts patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of stomatology, ZiBo Central Hospital, ZiBo, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Qilu Medical University, ZiBo, Shangdong, China
| | - Lingnan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Department of Orthodontics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Honghai Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Legang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoyi Xing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Wuhan Dongxihu District People's Hospital
| | - Xiangrui Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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Durrant FG, Gutierrez JA, Nguyen SA, Nathan CAO, Newman JG. Sexual history of patients with human papillomavirus positive and negative oropharyngeal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2024. [PMID: 38477218 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased sexual activity is associated with higher human papillomavirus (HPV) rates; however, there is a lack of analysis comparing the sexual history of patients with HPV positive and HPV negative oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). METHODS In this meta-analysis, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched for articles that included patients with OPC and reported information regarding HPV status and either history of oral sex, number of sexual partners, or sexually transmitted infections (STI). RESULTS A total of 11 studies were included with 3296 patients with OPC. Patients with HPV positive OPC were more likely than patients with HPV negative OPC to report a history of oral sex (92%, 95% CI: 87.0-97.0 vs. 74.5%, 95% CI: 50.6-98.4, p < 0.0001), higher mean number of sexual partners (18.4 partners, 95% CI: 1.5-35.4 vs. 7.2 partners, 95% CI: 1.0-13.4, p < 0.0001), and more frequent history of STI (23.7%, 95% CI: 18.4-29.0 vs. 8.8%, 95% CI: 4.7-12.8, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Compared to patients with HPV negative OPC, our analysis shows a larger proportion of patients with HPV positive OPC had participated in oral sex, had a higher number of sexual partners, and had a higher proportion of STI history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick G Durrant
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jorge A Gutierrez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Cherie-Ann O Nathan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jason G Newman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Kusters JMA, Diergaarde B, Ness A, Schim van der Loeff MF, Heijne JCM, Schroeder L, Hueniken K, McKay JD, Macfarlane GJ, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Polesel J, Agudo A, Alemany L, Ahrens W, Healy CM, Conway DI, Robinson M, Canova C, Holcátová I, Richiardi L, Znaor A, Pring M, Thomas S, Hayes DN, Liu G, Hung RJ, Brennan P, Olshan AF, Virani S, Waterboer T. Diagnostic accuracy of HPV16 early antigen serology for HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer is independent of age and sex. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:389-402. [PMID: 37694289 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
A growing proportion of head and neck cancer (HNC), especially oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are several markers for HPV-driven HNC, one being HPV early antigen serology. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of HPV serology and its performance across patient characteristics. Data from the VOYAGER consortium was used, which comprises five studies on HNC from North America and Europe. Diagnostic accuracy, that is, sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's kappa and correctly classified proportions of HPV16 E6 serology, was assessed for OPC and other HNC using p16INK4a immunohistochemistry (p16), HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) and HPV PCR as reference methods. Stratified analyses were performed for variables including age, sex, smoking and alcohol use, to test the robustness of diagnostic accuracy. A risk-factor analysis based on serology was conducted, comparing HPV-driven to non-HPV-driven OPC. Overall, HPV serology had a sensitivity of 86.8% (95% CI 85.1-88.3) and specificity of 91.2% (95% CI 88.6-93.4) for HPV-driven OPC using p16 as a reference method. In stratified analyses, diagnostic accuracy remained consistent across sex and different age groups. Sensitivity was lower for heavy smokers (77.7%), OPC without lymph node involvement (74.4%) and the ARCAGE study (66.7%), while specificity decreased for cases with <10 pack-years (72.1%). The risk-factor model included study, year of diagnosis, age, sex, BMI, alcohol use, pack-years, TNM-T and TNM-N stage. HPV serology is a robust biomarker for HPV-driven OPC, and its diagnostic accuracy is independent of age and sex. Future research is suggested on the influence of smoking on HPV antibody levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M A Kusters
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Hillman Cancer Centre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maarten F Schim van der Loeff
- Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke C M Heijne
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lea Schroeder
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrina Hueniken
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James D McKay
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gary J Macfarlane
- Epidemiology Group, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology Public Health Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Laia Alemany
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology Public Health Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Dublin, UK
| | - Max Robinson
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ivana Holcátová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D Neil Hayes
- Division of Medical Oncology and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shama Virani
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Cretu B, Zamfir A, Bucurica S, Scheau AE, Savulescu Fiedler I, Caruntu C, Caruntu A, Scheau C. Role of Cannabinoids in Oral Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:969. [PMID: 38256042 PMCID: PMC10815457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids have incited scientific interest in different conditions, including malignancy, due to increased exposure to cannabis. Furthermore, cannabinoids are increasingly used to alleviate cancer-related symptoms. This review paper aims to clarify the recent findings on the relationship between cannabinoids and oral cancer, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that could link cannabinoids with oral cancer pathogenesis. In addition, we provide an overview of the current and future perspectives on the management of oral cancer patients using cannabinoid compounds. Epidemiological data on cannabis use and oral cancer development are conflicting. However, in vitro studies assessing the effects of cannabinoids on oral cancer cells have unveiled promising anti-cancer features, including apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. Downregulation of various signaling pathways with anti-cancer effects has been identified in experimental models of oral cancer cells exposed to cannabinoids. Furthermore, in some countries, several synthetic or phytocannabinoids have been approved as medical adjuvants for the management of cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Cannabinoids may improve overall well-being by relieving anxiety, depression, pain, and nausea. In conclusion, the link between cannabinoid compounds and oral cancer is complex, and further research is necessary to elucidate the potential risks or their protective impact on oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Cretu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (B.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alexandra Zamfir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (B.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Sandica Bucurica
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ilinca Savulescu Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (C.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (B.C.); (A.Z.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (C.S.)
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Cui M, Cheng J, Cheng H, Zhao M, Zhou D, Zhang M, Jia J, Luo L. Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection among oropharyngeal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105830. [PMID: 37924712 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC), in order to provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention, treatment, and management of OPC. METHODS The electronic databases were searched available publications relevant to HPV infection and OPC. Studies were collected until July, 2023. The effect sizes were combined using R 4.2.2 software. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias. RESULTS Seventy-one studies were included with 10,908 OPC patients. The pooled prevalence of HPV and HR-HPV infection was 44.22% and 43.94%, respectively. The genotypes of HR-HPV were HPV16 (37.24%), HPV33 (2.44%), HPV18 (1.64%), HPV35 (1.53%), and HPV58 (0.89%). The highest HPV infection was in North America (66.87%), Oceania (43.09%), and Europe (41.49%), lowest in Africa (4.89%). Females exhibited higher HPV infection (43.18% vs 34.59% in males). Top subsites of HPV infection was tonsil (45.78%), followed by base of tongue (36.66%). Infection was higher in OPC patients aged > 60 (38.15%) than < 60 (34.73%). The prevalence of HPV infection in stage I-II of OPC patients is higher than that in stage III-IV. CONCLUSIONS HPV genotyping (16, 18, 33, 35, 58) is a key factor in the prevention and treatment of OPC. Identifying tonsils, base of tongue, and soft palate as common subsites to improve early detection. Elderly women with high HPV infection require attention to risk management and health education for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Cui
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinling Cheng
- Digestive Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Huijuan Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; Department of Basic medicine, Jiamusi University, China
| | - Limei Luo
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
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Jeergal PA, Jeergal VA, Fatma S, Singh A, Sharma R, Sale MS. Evaluation of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Regarding the Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Types 16 and 18. Cureus 2024; 16:e51938. [PMID: 38333435 PMCID: PMC10851917 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus (HPV), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are examples of viruses that have been associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These viruses can infect various epithelial tissues in the human body. The use of incredibly accurate cellular biology techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which permits the rapid identification of viruses following infection, has increased. The parameters of human head and neck oncology have been widened. AIM In this study, using the PCR, the presence of HPV variants such as HPV 18 and HPV 16 in patients with OSCC was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue specimens were obtained from clinically presumed OSCC individuals taken as cases, and tissues from the retromolar region were obtained from people who experienced an operation for partially and completely impacted tooth and taken as controls. The study included 80 samples divided into two separate categories: case category (n = 40) = OSCC-diagnosed individuals; control category (n = 40) = controls with a comparable age. For verification of the diagnosis, a specimen of the tissue has been processed and sections have been stained and inspected for standard hematoxylin and eosin stain. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the leftover histopathologically verified tissue specimens and then exposed to PCR for the assessment of HPV infiltration. RESULTS It was observed in this research that 22 cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV-DNA. While 12 out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV-DNA. Out of 40 cases of OSCC, 12 cases were found positive for HPV 16. While six out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 16. Six cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV 16. While two out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 18. Four cases out of 40 cases of OSCC were found positive for HPV 16. While four out of 40 age-matched healthy controls were found positive for HPV 16 and HPV 18. On carrying out statistical analysis, the variation between the two categories was non-meaningful statistically (p = 0.662). However, the prevalence was greater in the case (OSCC) subgroup. CONCLUSION When evaluated against controls in the current investigation, OSCC cases had a greater level of HPV expression and a greater proportion of HPV 16 positives. However, there was no statistically noteworthy change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar A Jeergal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences, Faridabad, IND
| | - Vasanti A Jeergal
- Department of General Medicine, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangaluru, IND
| | - Samreen Fatma
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mithila Minority Dental College and Hospital, Darbhanga, IND
| | - Arpanna Singh
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Community Health Centre, Health and Family Welfare Uttar Pradesh, Ghazipur, IND
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, IND
| | - Madhuri S Sale
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, IND
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Condrat CE, Cretoiu D, Radoi VE, Mihele DM, Tovaru M, Bordea CI, Voinea SC, Suciu N. Unraveling Immunological Dynamics: HPV Infection in Women-Insights from Pregnancy. Viruses 2023; 15:2011. [PMID: 37896788 PMCID: PMC10611104 DOI: 10.3390/v15102011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, hormonal and immune adaptations are vital for supporting the genetically distinct fetus during elevated infection risks. The global prevalence of HPV necessitates its consideration during pregnancy. Despite a seemingly mild immune response, historical gestational viral infections underscore its significance. Acknowledging the established HPV infection risks during pregnancy, our review explores the unfolding immunological changes in pregnant women with HPV. Our analysis aims to uncover strategies for safely modulating the immune system, mitigating adverse pregnancy consequences, and enhancing maternal and child health. This comprehensive narrative review delves into the existing knowledge and studies on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Elena Condrat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.C.)
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.C.); (V.E.R.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorica Elena Radoi
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.C.); (V.E.R.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Mihaela Mihele
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tovaru
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Ioan Bordea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Oncology Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 252 Fundeni Rd., 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Cristian Voinea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Oncology Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 252 Fundeni Rd., 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Suciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.C.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
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9
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Zhang X, Liu SS, Ma J, Qu W. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in cancer pathophysiology: Mechanisms of action and clinical implications. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154633. [PMID: 37356220 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted disorder frequently linked to the dysregulation of several biological processes. The SLPI is a multifunctional protein involved in the modulation of immunological response and the inhibition of protease activities. SLPI acts as an inhibitor of proteases, exerts antibacterial properties, and suppresses the transcription of proinflammatory genes through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The role of this protein as a regulatory agent has been implicated in various types of cancer. Recent research has revealed that SLPI upregulation in cancer cells enhances the metastatic capacity of epithelial malignancies, indicating the deleterious effects of this protein. Furthermore, SLPI interacts intricately with other cancer-promoting factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, the NF-κB and Akt pathways, and the p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA). This review provides an overview of the role of SLPI in cancer pathophysiology, emphasizing its expression in cancer cells and tissues, its potential as a prognostic biomarker, and its therapeutic promise as a target in cancer treatment. The mechanisms of SLPI action in cancer, including its anti-inflammatory effects, regulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment, have been investigated. The clinical implications of SLPI in cancer have been discussed, including its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, its role in chemoresistance, and its therapeutic potential in several types of cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), ovarian cancer (OvCa), prostate cancer (PC), gastric cancer (GC), breast cancer, and other cancers. In addition, we emphasized the significance of SLPI in cancer, which offers fresh perspectives on potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Shan Shan Liu
- Department of General Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Jingru Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of General Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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10
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Alli BY, Madathil S, Tran SD, Nicolau B. Protocol: carrageenan for the prevention of oral HPV infection - a feasibility randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074498. [PMID: 37500273 PMCID: PMC10387654 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are a significant health burden worldwide. Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major risk factor for HNCs. Unfortunately, currently available prophylactic vaccines have limited coverage and potential for HPV type replacement. Carrageenan, a natural product extracted from marine red algae, has demonstrated potency as an HPV inhibitor and could offer a potential alternative to prevent HPV-related diseases, including oral HPV infection. However, there is a lack of clinical studies on the effect of carrageenan on oral HPV infections. As a first step to address this gap, we propose a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a larger multicentric RCT to investigate the effect of a carrageenan mouthwash on oral HPV infection. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a placebo-controlled triple-blinded feasibility RCT with two parallel arms, each arm consisting of 20 participants. Participants will complete a single in-person visit at baseline and conduct biweekly follow-ups from home by completing a web-based questionnaire and sending saliva self-samples via mail. During the 6-month period trial, participants will gargle with the mouthwash morning and night, and around sexual activities. The study will evaluate several factors including recruitment and retention rates, the feasibility of data collection procedures, compliance with study procedures, acceptability of RCT procedures and intervention and safety data on carrageenan use in the oral cavity. We will estimate the standard deviation of outcome measures, including time to the incidence of oral HPV infection and time to clearance of prevalent oral HPV infection. The trial primary outcome is whether to proceed to a definitive trial based on prespecified progression criteria. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol was approved by the McGill University institutional review board. Study results will be presented at scientific conferences and published in academic journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05746988.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Y Alli
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sreenath Madathil
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Belinda Nicolau
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Wichmann G, Rudolph J, Henger S, Engel C, Wirkner K, Wenning JR, Zeynalova S, Wiegand S, Loeffler M, Wald T, Dietz A. Is High-Risk Sexual Behavior a Risk Factor for Oropharyngeal Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3356. [PMID: 37444466 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Several lines of evidence established a link between high-risk (HR) sexual behavior (SB), the persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in saliva, and the presence of oncogenic HR-HPV subtypes in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). A highly influential case-control study by D'Souza et al. comparing OPSCC patients and ENT patients with benign diseases (hospital controls) established HR-SB as a putative etiological risk factor for OPSCC. Aiming to replicate their findings in a nested case-control study of OPSCC patients and propensity score (PS)-matched unaffected controls from a large population-based German cohort study, we here demonstrate discrepant findings regarding HR-SB in OPSCC. (2) Methods: According to the main risk factors for HNSCC (age, sex, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption) PS-matched healthy controls invited from the population-based cohort study LIFE and HNSCC (including OPSCC) patients underwent interviews, using AUDIT and Fagerström, as well as questionnaires asking for SB categories as published. Afterwards, by newly calculating PSs for the same four risk factors, we matched each OPSCC patient with two healthy controls and compared responses utilizing chi-squared tests and logistic regression. (3) Results: The HNSCC patients and controls showed significant differences in sex distribution, chronologic age, tobacco-smoking history (pack years), and alcohol dependence (based on AUDIT score). However, PS-matching decreased the differences between OPSCC patients and controls substantially. Despite confirming that OPSCC patients were more likely to self-report their first sexual intercourse before age 18, we found no association between OPSCC and HR-SB, neither for practicing oral-sex, having an increased number of oral- or vaginal-sex partners, nor for having casual sex or having any sexually transmitted disease. (4) Conclusions: Our data, by showing a low prevalence of HR-SB in OPSCC patients, confirm findings from other European studies that differ substantially from North American case-control studies. HR-SB alone may not add excess risk for developing OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Wichmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jasmin Rudolph
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Henger
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wirkner
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - John Ross Wenning
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samira Zeynalova
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Wiegand
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Theresa Wald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Dietz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Kumari S, Mishra S, Anand N, Hadi R, Rastogi M, Husain N. Circulating free DNA integrity index and promoter methylation of tumor suppressor gene P16, DAPK and RASSF1A as a biomarker for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154489. [PMID: 37150134 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) is in use for the non-invasive diagnosis of tumors. Methylation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is an early event in carcinogenesis and may serve as tumor biomarker. We have investigated cfDNA integrity and methylation of tumor suppressor genes P16, DAPK and RASSF1A in serum cfDNA of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) comparing paired serum and tumor tissue samples to evaluate their diagnostic use. Prospective case-control study, paired serum and tissue samples from 56 OPSCC, and 15 normal controls (NC). Sybr green Quantitate real time PCR was used for cfDNA quantification through amplification ALU 115 and 247 fragments. Promoter methylation of was analyzed in paired samples using methylation specific PCR. There was significantly high cfDNA integrity in OPSCC compared to normal control (p = < 0.0001). The cfDNA integrity values were significantly higher and associated with nodal status (p = 0.016). The AUC for cfDNA integrity was 0.967. The P16, DAPK and RASSF1 promoters were significantly hypermethylated in serum of OPSCC compared to NC with high concordance in tissue (up to 96.55 %). The gene promoter methylation of P16 was associated with smoking (p = 0.030), RASSF1A with stage (p = 0.011). The combination of ALU115 with cfDNA integrity and combination of gene methylation increases diagnostic sensitivity. In followup samples the cfDNA change was not different. Liquid biopsy approach including cfDNA integrity, methylation profiling in cfDNA, in combination or separately can assist in the diagnosis of OPSCC along with radio diagnostic scan. Serum changes represent changes in tissue with very high concordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumari
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India
| | - Sridhar Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India
| | - Nidhi Anand
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India
| | - Rahat Hadi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India
| | - Madhup Rastogi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, U.P. 226010, India.
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13
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Shin HI, Cho KJ, Kim MS, Joo YH. Predictive factors of distant metastasis in surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283368. [PMID: 36943852 PMCID: PMC10030005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to define factors affecting distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer. METHODS The present study enrolled 76 patients diagnosed with HPV-positive tonsil cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2010 and December 2021. RESULTS Twelve (15.7%) patients experienced a distant failure with a median follow-up time of 43 months. Sites of distant metastasis included the lung (n = 10), liver (n = 1), and brain (n = 1). Upon multivariate analysis, an advanced T stage (odds ratio [OR]: 13.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-149.863, p = 0.003) and margin involvement (OR: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33-26.76, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of distant metastases. The five-year disease-specific survival for the entire cohort was 85%. The multivariate analysis confirmed that distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR]: 12.688, 95% CI: 3.424-47.016; p < 0.001) and margin involvement (HR: 6.243; 95% CI: 1.681-23.191; p = 0.006) were significant factors associated with the five-year disease-specific survival. CONCLUSION HPV-positive tonsil cancer patients with an advanced T stage and a positive surgical margin have a substantial risk of distant metastases. Distant metastasis and margin involvement are factors that affect their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Il Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Jae Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Joo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Mutational profiles of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas based upon human papillomavirus status in the Veterans Affairs National Precision Oncology Program. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:69-77. [PMID: 36117189 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) demonstrate favorable clinical outcomes compared to patients bearing HPV-negative HNSCC. We sought to characterize the association between HPV status and mutational profiles among patients served by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of all Veterans with primary HNSCC tumors who underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) through the VHA's National Precision Oncology Program between July 2016 and February 2019. HPV status was determined by clinical pathology reports of p16 immunohistochemical staining; gene variant pathogenicity was classified using OncoKB, an online precision oncology knowledge database, and mutation frequencies were compared using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 79 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 48 (60.8%) had p16-positive tumors. Patients with p16-negative HNSCC were more likely to have mutations in TP53 (p < 0.0001), and a trend towards increased mutation frequency was observed within NOTCH1 (p = 0.032) and within the composite CDK/Rb pathway (p = 0.065). Mutations in KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, and FBXW7 were exclusively identified within p16-positive tumors, and a trend towards increased frequency was observed within the PI3K pathway (p = 0.051). No difference in overall mutational burden was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In accordance with the previous studies, no clear molecular basis for improved prognosis among patients harboring HPV-positive disease has been elucidated. Though no targeted therapies are approved based upon HPV-status, current efforts to trial PI3K inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors across patients with HPV-positive disease bear genomic rationale based upon the current findings.
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15
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Carazo-Casas C, Gil-Prieto R, Hernández-Barrera V, Gil de Miguel Á. Trends in hospitalization and death rates among patients with head and neck cancer in Spain, 2009 to 2019. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2082192. [PMID: 35930449 PMCID: PMC9621082 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, and prevalence is still substantially higher in men than in women. Causative factors include smoking and alcohol use, while human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is causally related to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers. In this retrospective study, we aimed to provide estimates on the clinical and economic burden of HNSCC in Spain. METHODS We used the discharge reports from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS), to retrospectively analyze hospital discharge data in individuals with a diagnosis of HNSCC in any diagnostic position, based on the ICD coding system (ICD-9-CM and ICD10 CM), from 2009 to 2019. RESULTS A total of 175,340 admissions and 14,498 deaths due to laryngeal, pharyngeal and oral cavity cancer were recorded in Spain, of which 85% occurred in men. The most prevalent diagnoses were laryngeal cancer in men (50.9%) and oral cavity cancer in women (49.1%). In general, the hospitalization and death rates for all major head and neck cancer sites decreased in men and increased or remained stable in women during the study period. However, the corresponding rates for tonsil cancer, strongly associated with HPV infection, increased significantly in men. Overall, the economic burden of HNSCC during the study period was estimated at 100 million euros per year on average. CONCLUSION HNSCC still places an important clinical and economic burden on the health system in Spain. Prevention strategies should be prioritized, and vaccination programs against HPV in both sexes should be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carazo-Casas
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Gil-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Gil de Miguel
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Manne SL, Hudson SV, Kashy DA, Imanguli M, Pesanelli M, Frederick S, Van Cleave J. Self-efficacy in managing post-treatment care among oral and oropharyngeal cancer survivors. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13710. [PMID: 36151904 PMCID: PMC9788355 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical and psychosocial effects of oral cancer result in long-term self-management needs. Little attention has been paid to survivors' self-efficacy in managing their care. Study goals were to characterise self-care self-efficacy and evaluate socio-demographics, disease, attitudinal factors and psychological correlates of self-efficacy and engagement in head and neck self-exams. METHODS Two hundred thirty-two oral cancer survivors completed measures of socio-demographics, self-care self-efficacy, head and neck self-exams and attitudinal and psychological measures. Descriptive statistics characterised self-efficacy. Hierarchical regressions evaluated predictors of self-efficacy. RESULTS Survivors felt moderately confident in the ability to manage self-care (M = 4.04, SD = 0.75). Survivors with more comorbidities (β = -0.125), less preparedness (β = 0.241), greater information (β = -0.191), greater support needs (β = -0.224) and higher depression (β = -0.291) reported significantly lower self-efficacy. Head and neck self-exam engagement (44% past month) was relatively low. Higher preparedness (OR = 2.075) and self-exam self-efficacy (OR = 2.606) were associated with more engagement in self-exams. CONCLUSION Many survivors report low confidence in their ability to engage in important self-care practices. Addressing unmet information and support needs, reducing depressive symptoms and providing skill training and support may boost confidence in managing self-care and optimise regular self-exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L. Manne
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Shawna V. Hudson
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging ResearchRobert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Deborah A. Kashy
- Department of PsychologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Matin Imanguli
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA,Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryRobert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Morgan Pesanelli
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Sara Frederick
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
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17
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Sharkey Ochoa I, O’Regan E, Toner M, Kay E, Faul P, O’Keane C, O’Connor R, Mullen D, Nur M, O’Murchu E, Barry-O’Crowley J, Kernan N, Tewari P, Keegan H, O’Toole S, Woods R, Kennedy S, Feeley K, Sharp L, Gheit T, Tommasino M, O’Leary JJ, Martin CM. The Role of HPV in Determining Treatment, Survival, and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4321. [PMID: 36077856 PMCID: PMC9454666 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been identified as a significant etiological agent in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HPV's involvement has alluded to better survival and prognosis in patients and suggests that different treatment strategies may be appropriate for them. Only some data on the epidemiology of HPV infection in the oropharyngeal, oral cavity, and laryngeal SCC exists in Europe. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate HPV's impact on HNSCC patient outcomes in the Irish population, one of the largest studies of its kind using consistent HPV testing techniques. A total of 861 primary oropharyngeal, oral cavity, and laryngeal SCC (OPSCC, OSCC, LSCC) cases diagnosed between 1994 and 2013, identified through the National Cancer Registry of Ireland (NCRI), were obtained from hospitals across Ireland and tested for HPV DNA using Multiplex PCR Luminex technology based in and sanctioned by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Both overall and cancer-specific survival were significantly improved amongst all HPV-positive patients together, though HPV status was only a significant predictor of survival in the oropharynx. Amongst HPV-positive patients in the oropharynx, surgery alone was associated with prolonged survival, alluding to the potential for de-escalation of treatment in HPV-related OPSCC in particular. Cumulatively, these findings highlight the need for continued investigation into treatment pathways for HPV-related OPSCC, the relevance of introducing boys into national HPV vaccination programs, and the relevance of the nona-valent Gardasil-9 vaccine to HNSCC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen Sharkey Ochoa
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Esther O’Regan
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Toner
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine Kay
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont University Hospital, D09 V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Faul
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Limerick, V94 F858 Limerick, Ireland
| | - Connor O’Keane
- Department of Pathology, Mater University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin O’Connor
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dorinda Mullen
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mataz Nur
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon O’Murchu
- National Cancer Registry of Ireland, T12 CDF7 Cork, Ireland
| | - Jacqui Barry-O’Crowley
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Kernan
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Prerna Tewari
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Keegan
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon O’Toole
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robbie Woods
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kenneth Feeley
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Kerry, V92 NX94 Tralee, Ireland
| | - Linda Sharp
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Laboratory, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - John J. O’Leary
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara M. Martin
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Sarwar S, Mulla M, Mulla M, Tanveer R, Sabir M, Sultan A, Malik SA. Human papillomavirus, tobacco, and poor oral hygiene can act synergetically, modulate the expression of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway for the development and progression of head and neck cancer in the Pakistani population. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1829-1836. [PMID: 35838554 PMCID: PMC9521783 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that progress owing to varied enviromental and genetic risk factors. Viral infections are threatening and adept at altering the expression of cellular transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and deregulation of other cellular proteins like NF kappa B inhibitor alpha (IκBα). The present study was conducted to detect high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) and protein expression of NF-κB signaling pathway in HNC patients with HPV infection. METHODS For HPV detection, genomic DNA from 152 HNC tumors was extracted formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue DNA kit. For genotyping, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a general primer, HPV type-specific primers and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed on 4-μm thick tissue sections using HPV E6 monoclonal antibody. Protein expression analysis of NF-κB signaling pathway including p50, p65, and IκBα was performed using IHC. RESULTS PCR analysis showed that 24.3% (37/152) of HNC cases were HPV positive. Among HPV positive, 86.5% (32/37) were tobacco users, while among HPV negative, 66.9% (77/115) were tobacco users. A significant association of HPV positivity and tobacco user was observed by univariate analysis [ P < 0.01; odds ratio (OR): 0.310, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.110 to 0.870]. More HPV positive patients were with poor oral hygiene (78.3%) when compared with patients with good oral hygiene (21.6%) [ P < 0.03, OR: 2.440, 95% CI: 1.650 to 3.600]. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that age, tobacco use and oral hygiene are significant predictors ( P < 0.02). PCR and IHC staining results confirmed that HPV16 was predominant among HNC cases (64.8%) when compared with HPV18 (35.2%). Expression of NF-κB proteins (p50, p65, and IκBα inhibitor) were also observed in HPV and non-HPV infected HNC tissues. IHC expression of p50, and p65 showed nuclear staining, while IκBα inhibitor showed cytoplasmic staining. Protein expression in HPV cases was higher as compared to HPV naive cases ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS From the study, it can be established that the use of tobacco, oral hygiene, and HPV infection may be synergistically involved in modulating the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway for the development and progression of HNC in the Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Sarwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mushir Mulla
- Department of Oral and Dental health, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arrass, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al Qasim 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munaz Mulla
- Department of Periodontology and Oral medicine, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al Qasim 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rida Tanveer
- Department of Biochemistry, Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Maimoona Sabir
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP 22620, Pakistan
| | - Aneesa Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry, Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Salman A. Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Gao L, Li Y, Yu C, Liu DX, Wu KH, Wei ZL, Liu MY, Yu L. Oncogenic KPNA2 Serves as a Biomarker and Immune Infiltration in Patients With HPV Positive Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:847793. [PMID: 35860570 PMCID: PMC9289550 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.847793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), the most prevalent type of oral cancer, is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Our previous work showed Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2), as an oncogene of TSCC, by relegating the p53/autophagy signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the significance of KPNA2 in TSCC pathogenesis has not been established. KPNA2 levels were evaluated via the TCGA database, and its effects on survival outcomes were assessed by LASSO, Kaplan‐Meier, and COX regression analyses. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE investigated the relationships between KPNA2 and immune infiltration. At the same time, KPNA2 and HPV infection was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the association between downstream molecular regulation pathways and KPNA2 levels was determined by GO, GSEA, and WGCNA. In TSCC, KPNA2 levels were associated with clinical prognosis and tumor grade. Moreover, KPNA2 may be involved in cancer cell differentiation and facilitates tumor-related genes and signaling pathways, such as Cell Cycle, Mitotic G1 phase, G1/S transition, DNA Repair, and Transcriptional Regulation TP53 signaling pathways. Nevertheless, regulatory B cells, follicular helper B cells, and immune and stromal scores between low- and high-KPNA2 expression groups were insignificant. These results imply that KPNA2 is highly involved in tumor grade and prognosis of TSCC. KPNA2 levels correct with HPV 16 markedly regulated cell differentiation, several oncogenes, and cancer‐related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ke-Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Li Wei
- Department of stomatology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Ming-Yue Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yu,
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20
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Gormley M, Dudding T, Kachuri L, Burrows K, Chong AHW, Martin RM, Thomas SJ, Tyrrell J, Ness AR, Brennan P, Munafò MR, Pring M, Boccia S, Olshan AF, Diergaarde B, Hung RJ, Liu G, Tajara EH, Severino P, Toporcov TN, Lacko M, Waterboer T, Brenner N, Smith GD, Vincent EE, Richmond RC. Investigating the effect of sexual behaviour on oropharyngeal cancer risk: a methodological assessment of Mendelian randomization. BMC Med 2022; 20:40. [PMID: 35094705 PMCID: PMC8802428 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus infection is known to influence oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) risk, likely via sexual transmission. However, sexual behaviour has been correlated with other risk factors including smoking and alcohol, meaning independent effects are difficult to establish. We aimed to evaluate the causal effect of sexual behaviour on the risk of OPC using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS Genetic variants robustly associated with age at first sex (AFS) and the number of sexual partners (NSP) were used to perform both univariable and multivariable MR analyses with summary data on 2641 OPC cases and 6585 controls, obtained from the largest available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Given the potential for genetic pleiotropy, we performed a number of sensitivity analyses: (i) MR methods to account for horizontal pleiotropy, (ii) MR of sexual behaviours on positive (cervical cancer and seropositivity for Chlamydia trachomatis) and negative control outcomes (lung and oral cancer), (iii) Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates (CAUSE), to account for correlated and uncorrelated horizontal pleiotropic effects, (iv) multivariable MR analysis to account for the effects of smoking, alcohol, risk tolerance and educational attainment. RESULTS In univariable MR, we found evidence supportive of an effect of both later AFS (IVW OR = 0.4, 95%CI (0.3, 0.7), per standard deviation (SD), p = < 0.001) and increasing NSP (IVW OR = 2.2, 95%CI (1.3, 3.8) per SD, p = < 0.001) on OPC risk. These effects were largely robust to sensitivity analyses accounting for horizontal pleiotropy. However, negative control analysis suggested potential violation of the core MR assumptions and subsequent CAUSE analysis implicated pleiotropy of the genetic instruments used to proxy sexual behaviours. Finally, there was some attenuation of the univariable MR results in the multivariable models (AFS IVW OR = 0.7, 95%CI (0.4, 1.2), p = 0.21; NSP IVW OR = 0.9, 95%CI (0.5 1.7), p = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS Despite using genetic variants strongly related sexual behaviour traits in large-scale GWAS, we found evidence for correlated pleiotropy. This emphasizes a need for multivariable approaches and the triangulation of evidence when performing MR of complex behavioural traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gormley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Tom Dudding
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Amanda H W Chong
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steven J Thomas
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jessica Tyrrell
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew R Ness
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychological Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana N Toporcov
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma E Vincent
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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21
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Rodriguez-Archilla A, Suarez-Machado R. Influence of sexual habits on human papillomavirus infection risk and oral cancer. SCIENTIFIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/sdj.sdj_73_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Giraldi L, Collatuzzo G, Hashim D, Franceschi S, Herrero R, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Smith E, Kelsey K, McClean M, Gillison M, Boccia S, Hashibe M, Amy Lee YC, Boffetta P. Infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and risk of subsites within the oral cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2021; 75:102020. [PMID: 34509873 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between high-risk genotypes of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cancer of different subsites of the oral cavity. MATERIAL AND METHODS A pooled analysis of five studies included on the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium was conducted. HPV 16 and HPV 18 were considered. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for HPV and each oral cavity subsites were simultaneously estimated using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS The analysis included 1157 cases and 3272 controls. This study showed a slightly higher prevalence of HPV infection among oral cancer cases than controls. In particular, an increased risk of other and not otherwise specified (NOS) sites within the oral cavity, oral tongue, palate and floor of mouth cancer was observed for overall HPV16 positivity (OR = 1.66, 95 % CI: 1.01-2.72; OR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 1.36-2.85; OR = 2.48, 95 % CI: 1.50-4.11; OR = 2.71, 95 % CI: 1.06-6.95, respectively). In particular, HPV16E7 was related to cancer of floor of mouth, oral cavity NOS and palate (OR = 2.71, 95 % CI: 1.06-6.95; OR = 3.32, 95 % CI:1.53-7.19; OR = 3.34, 95 % CI:1.38-8.06). Results were inconsistent for HPV18 due to low prevalence of infection. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that HPV16 infection may increase the risk of developing floor of mouth, gum, tongue, and palate cancers. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Subjects with HPV infection have a higher risk of cancer from all sites of the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giraldi
- Institute of Public Health, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dana Hashim
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Center of Fertility and Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Scientific Directorate, Aviano Oncologic Center (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Maura Gillison
- Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Public Health, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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23
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Krishnappa SL, David CM, Ramnarayan BK, Kanaparthi A, Krishnappa SL, Dukkireddy D. Salivary detection of high-risk human papillomavirus 16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma using polymerase chain reaction in the South Indian population. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:1017-1024. [PMID: 34528558 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_957_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Human papilloma virus (HPV) has been associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as a potential carcinogen. There are several types of HPV, of which type 16 has been strongly implicated in carcinogenesis. HPV16 in saliva can potentially facilitate early detection of subclinical cases that may warrant further diagnosis, monitoring and intervention. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of HPV 16 in saliva and lesional tissue of OSCC and to determine the use of saliva as an alternative non invasive diagnostic tool in HPV16 identification. Materials and methods 30 cases of Histopathologically confirmed OSCC with HPV positive on ELISA were taken up for the study. The tumour tissue and saliva sample of each patient were obtained to detect the presence of specific HPV16 genotype by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Student t-test. Results In our study we found 28/30, 26/30 positive for HPV 16 in tissue and saliva samples respectively on PCR analysis. The P value was statistically significant (0.00). Conclusion The study revealed significant prevalence of HPV 16 among both tissue and salivary specimens of OSCC patients in south Indian population. Though, the yielded content was relatively less in saliva, it can be concluded that, saliva being a non invasive tool proved to be as useful as tissue specimen and can be used as an alternative indicator of HPV16 positivity in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya L Krishnappa
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chaya M David
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - B K Ramnarayan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alekhya Kanaparthi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Suprith L Krishnappa
- Department of ENT, Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Dukkireddy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Chhakara S, Janjua D, Tripathi T, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Thakur K, Singh T, Bharti AC. Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Agents for Emerging Human Papillomavirus-Driven Head and Neck Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Prospects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:699044. [PMID: 34354591 PMCID: PMC8329252 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.699044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) usually arises from squamous cells of the upper aerodigestive tract that line the mucosal surface in the head and neck region. In India, HNC is common in males, and it is the sixth most common cancer globally. Conventionally, HNC attributes to the use of alcohol or chewing tobacco. Over the past four decades, portions of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive HNC are increasing at an alarming rate. Identification based on the etiological factors and molecular signatures demonstrates that these neoplastic lesions belong to a distinct category that differs in pathological characteristics and therapeutic response. Slow development in HNC therapeutics has resulted in a low 5-year survival rate in the last two decades. Interestingly, HPV-positive HNC has shown better outcomes following conservative treatments and immunotherapies. This raises demand to have a pre-therapy assessment of HPV status to decide the treatment strategy. Moreover, there is no HPV-specific treatment for HPV-positive HNC patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that phytochemicals are promising leads against HNC and show potential as adjuvants to chemoradiotherapy in HNC. However, only a few of these phytochemicals target HPV. The aim of the present article was to collate data on various leading phytochemicals that have shown promising results in the prevention and treatment of HNC in general and HPV-driven HNC. The review explores the possibility of using these leads against HPV-positive tumors as some of the signaling pathways are common. The review also addresses various challenges in the field that prevent their use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Suhail Chhakara
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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25
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Dong H, Shu X, Xu Q, Zhu C, Kaufmann AM, Zheng ZM, Albers AE, Qian X. Current Status of Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Cancer: From Viral Genome to Patient Care. Virol Sin 2021; 36:1284-1302. [PMID: 34152564 PMCID: PMC8692589 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection identified as a definitive human carcinogen is increasingly being recognized for its role in carcinogenesis of human cancers. Up to 38%–80% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in oropharyngeal location (OPSCC) and nearly all cervical cancers contain the HPV genome which is implicated in causing cancer through its oncoproteins E6 and E7. Given by the biologically distinct HPV-related OPSCC and a more favorable prognosis compared to HPV-negative tumors, clinical trials on de-escalation treatment strategies for these patients have been studied. It is therefore raised the questions for the patient stratification if treatment de-escalation is feasible. Moreover, understanding the crosstalk of HPV-mediated malignancy and immunity with clinical insights from the proportional response rate to immune checkpoint blockade treatments in patients with HNSCC is of importance to substantially improve the treatment efficacy. This review discusses the biology of HPV-related HNSCC as well as successful clinically findings with promising candidates in the pipeline for future directions. With the advent of various sequencing technologies, further biomolecules associated with HPV-related HNSCC progression are currently being identified to be used as potential biomarkers or targets for clinical decisions throughout the continuum of cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoru Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Andreas M Kaufmann
- Clinic for Gynecology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, 12203, Germany
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Andreas E Albers
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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26
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Murono S. Virus-Associated Biomarkers in Oropharyngeal and Nasopharyngeal Cancers and Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061150. [PMID: 34072019 PMCID: PMC8228279 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is known to be associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Pre-treatment and post-treatment detection of plasma cell-free EBV DNA has been shown to be useful as a diagnostic as well as a prognostic factor in NPC. On the other hand, the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing. In contrast to cervical cancer, which is classically known to be an HPV-associated malignancy, HPV testing is not clinically applied for OPC, except for p16 immunostaining as a surrogate marker of HPV infection. One of the major characteristics of HPV-associated OPC is its association with a good prognosis compared with non-HPV-associated OPC. However, some patients still have a poor prognosis. Another characteristic of HPV-associated OPC is the distinct risk factor of high sexual activity. Establishing a biomarker for the prediction of the prognosis before and/or after initial treatment, as well as for diagnosis in populations at high risk, is of marked interest. With this background, HPV DNA detection in plasma and oral rinses has become an area of focus. In this review, the current significance of HPV DNA detection in plasma and oral rinse samples, as well as serum HPV antibody levels, is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Murono
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Sasidharanpillai S, Ravishankar N, Kamath V, Bhat PV, Bhatt P, Arunkumar G. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA among Men with Oropharyngeal and Anogenital Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1351-1364. [PMID: 34048162 PMCID: PMC8408381 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.5.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The term ''Human Papillomavirus'' or ''HPV'' has become synonymous with uterine cervical cancer leading to feminisation of all the preventive measures, especially immunisation. Taking into consideration the rising number of HPV associated cancers among men in many developed countries and the risk of transmission to women, male HPV infection is a serious concern. A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature was performed to determine the global prevalence of HPV among men with oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature was performed searching electronic databases for published articles in English between January 1984- April 2020 based on standard systematic review guidelines. The meta-analysis component was modified appropriately for the synthesis of prevalence study results. National Institutes of Health checklist for observational, cohort and cross-sectional studies was used to assess the quality of the studies selected after the abstract and content review. The meta-analysis was performed in STATA version 13.0 (College Station, Texas 77,845 USA) and the forest plots were constructed using metan package in STATA. RESULTS Through the electronic search of databases, 3486 original articles were screened for eligibility. Fifty-eight articles were systematically reviewed and 42 articles were qualified for meta-analysis including 4,250 men with oropharyngeal, penile and prostate cancers. The pooled prevalence of HPV DNA in oropharyngeal cancers was 45% (95%CI 24.0%-66.0%). Meanwhile the pooled prevalence rates of 48% (CI 40.0%- 57.0%) and 19% (CI 10.0%-29.0%) were observed in penile and prostate cancers respectively. Even though, articles regarding HPV prevalence in anal cancers were systematically reviewed, none of the studies were qualified for meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Higher pooled prevalence of HPV DNA was observed among men with oropharyngeal and penile cancers. Multicentric molecular studies investigating the prevalence of HPV in prostate cancers have to be planned in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaraja Ravishankar
- Department of Biostatistics, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Veena Kamath
- Department of Community Medicine, Centre for Vaccine Studies-In Charge, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Parvati V Bhat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr T M A Pai Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Puneet Bhatt
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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Bunch PM, Patwa HS, Hughes RT, Porosnicu M, Waltonen JD. Patient Selection for Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: What the Surgeon Wants to Know. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 30:117-130. [PMID: 33828063 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is an excellent treatment strategy for well-selected patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Potential benefits of TORS are greatest among patients for whom surgical resection will reduce or eliminate the need for adjuvant therapy. Proper patient selection largely depends on imaging, which is used to determine tumor resectability, to inform expected morbidity and functional outcome, to assess the potential need for adjuvant therapy, to evaluate for vascular or other anatomic contraindications, and to gauge adequacy of transoral access to the tumor. This article provides the radiologist with a practical and accessible approach to interpreting preoperative imaging among patients with oropharyngeal cancer, emphasizing what the surgeon wants to know to inform the determination of whether the patient is a TORS candidate and why this information is important. By accurately reporting this information, the radiologist facilitates the multidisciplinary care team's selection of a treatment regimen optimized for the circumstances of the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Bunch
- Department of Radiology Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Hafiz S Patwa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Ryan T Hughes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Mercedes Porosnicu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Joshua D Waltonen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
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Sarwar S, Tareen MU, Sabir M, Sultan A, Malik SA. NF-κB1 intronic region polymorphisms as risk factor for head and neck cancer in HPV-infected population from Pakistan. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:74-82. [PMID: 33653249 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210302144344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancer (HNC) developed due to the number of risk factors, including infection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The genetic predisposition also plays an important role in deregulating the NF-κB pathway, and certain polymorphisms are reported to affect the pathway genes. OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted for the detection of HPV and polymorphisms in the NF-κB1 gene of HNC patients in the Pakistani population. METHODS Genomic DNA from HNC tumors samples were extracted using the Exgene SV DNA extraction Kit. Allele-specific PCR and direct sequencing were done for analysis of NF-κB1 SNPs, 94ins/del (rs28362491), rs1598858, and rs4648068. RESULTS The genotypes AG (36.2%/ 12%) of rs1598858, and AG (28.3%/ 12%) and GG (28.3%/ 22%) of rs4648068 were associated with significantly (p≤0.05) increased risk of head and neck cancer in studied population. Furthermore, among the HNC cases, genotypes AGrs1598858 (p≤0.014) and GGrs4648068 (p≤0.001) had increased risk of HPV related cancers. Tobacco use (OR-3.158442; [1.140, 8.754]), lymph nodes involvement (OR 4.05128; [1.854, 8.852]), and poorly differentiated tumors (OR 1.997155; [0.940, 4.245]) were positively associated with HPV induced cancers. CONCLUSION It was the first comprehensive study from Pakistan, to evaluate the polymorphic variants of NF-κB1. Genotypes AGrs4648068, GGrs4648068, and AGrs1598858 of NF-κB1 gene are associated with increased risk of head and neck cancers in the Pakistani population. It can be concluded that HPV infection, lymph nodes and tobacco use can act synergetic to each other and add up in modulating HNC when present together with intronic SNPs of NF-κB1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Sarwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | | | - Maimoona Sabir
- Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, KP. Pakistan
| | - Aneesa Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | - Salman A Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad. Pakistan
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Noel CW, Sutradhar R, Li Q, Forner D, Hallet J, Cheung M, Singh S, Coburn NG, Eskander A. Association of Immigration Status and Chinese and South Asian Ethnicity With Incidence of Head and Neck Cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 146:1125-1135. [PMID: 33151263 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.4197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Head and neck cancer (HNC) incidence varies worldwide, although it remains one of the most common cancers among those of East Asian and South Asian ethnicity. Objective To determine the association of Chinese and South Asian ethnicity, independent of immigration status, with HNC incidence. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a retrospective population-based matched cohort study that examined data collected between 1994 and 2017 in Ontario, Canada. Data were analyzed between July 2019 and March 2020. Individuals who immigrated to Canada between 1985 and 2017 were classified as immigrants, whereas Canadian-born individuals and those who immigrated prior to 1985 were classified as long-standing residents. Two separate, matched cohorts were created: an immigration cohort, consisting of immigrants and long-standing residents hard matched on age and sex, and an ethnicity cohort, where participants were further matched on ethnicity (Chinese, South Asian, or non-Chinese/non-South Asian). Exposures Chinese ethnicity, South Asian ethnicity, and immigration status. Main Outcomes and Measures Patients newly diagnosed with primary HNC were captured in both the immigration and the ethnicity cohorts. Cause-specific hazard models were used to estimate the association of immigration status and ethnicity with HNC incidence. Results In the immigration cohort, 3 328 434 matched individuals (mean [SD] age, 36.73 [13.46] years; 52.8% female) were followed, across which 3173 unique HNC diagnoses were made. The hazard ratio (HR) for a new diagnosis of oropharynx cancer was lower in immigrants compared with long-standing residents (HR, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.22-0.31]). In the ethnicity cohort, after adjusting for age, sex, rurality, and deprivation, the rate of HNC diagnosis was higher for Chinese individuals (HR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.36-1.64]) and South Asian individuals (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.14-1.45]), although it was lower for immigrants (HR, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.44-0.52]) when compared with non-Chinese and non-South Asian individuals. There was no difference in the incidence of nasopharynx cancer when comparing immigrants and long-standing residents of Chinese ethnicity. Conclusions and Relevance Immigration status appears to offer a protective effect against a diagnosis of HNC. Chinese and South Asian ethnic groups may experience higher HNC incidence when compared with the general Ontario population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Noel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rinku Sutradhar
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qing Li
- Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Forner
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Julie Hallet
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Cheung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simron Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalie G Coburn
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antoine Eskander
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Vahl JM, Wigand MC, Denkinger M, Dallmeier D, Steiger C, Welke C, Kuhn P, Idel C, Doescher J, von Witzleben A, Brand M, Marienfeld R, Möller P, Theodoraki MN, Greve J, Schuler PJ, Brunner C, Hoffmann TK, Laban S. Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040832. [PMID: 33671152 PMCID: PMC7922863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of demographic change on the age at diagnosis in German head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is unclear. Here we present an evaluation of aging trends in HNC at a tertiary referral center. METHODS Retrospective cohort study on aging trends at the initial diagnosis of newly diagnosed patients with HNC between 2004 and 2018 at the head and neck cancer center Ulm in relation to demographic data of the catchment area. RESULTS The study population consisted of 2450 individuals diagnosed with HNC with a mean age of 62.84 (±11.67) years. We observed a significant increase in annual incidence rates and mean age over time. Mean age among HNC patients increased significantly more than among the population in the catchment area. Whereas the incidence rate of patients <50 years did not change, the incidence of HNC patients aged ≥70 years increased the most. The mean patient age in the main tumor sites increased significantly. Surprisingly, HPV-positive patients were not younger than HPV-negative patients, but showed a non-significant trend towards a higher mean age (63.0 vs. 60.7 years). CONCLUSIONS Increasing incidence rates in older patients pose a challenge for health care systems. A nationwide study is needed to assess the dynamics and impact of aging on the incidence of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius M. Vahl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Marlene C. Wigand
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Michael Denkinger
- Agaplesion Bethesda Ulm, Geriatric Research Ulm University and Geriatric Center, 89073 Ulm, Germany; (M.D.); (D.D.)
| | - Dhayana Dallmeier
- Agaplesion Bethesda Ulm, Geriatric Research Ulm University and Geriatric Center, 89073 Ulm, Germany; (M.D.); (D.D.)
| | - Chiara Steiger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Claudia Welke
- Clinical Cancer Registry, Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.W.); (P.K.)
| | - Peter Kuhn
- Clinical Cancer Registry, Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (C.W.); (P.K.)
| | - Christian Idel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Johannes Doescher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Adrian von Witzleben
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Ralf Marienfeld
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Marie-Nicole Theodoraki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Jens Greve
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Patrick J. Schuler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Thomas K. Hoffmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Medical Center Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.M.V.); (M.C.W.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.v.W.); (M.B.); (M.-N.T.); (J.G.); (P.J.S.); (C.B.); (T.K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-5005-9501
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Becker C, Hofauer BG, Mansour N, Ketterer MC, Schulz T, Knopf A. [The 8th edition of the TNM staging system-a curse or a blessing for oropharyngeal carcinoma?]. HNO 2021; 69:89-94. [PMID: 32385531 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-020-00875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
At the beginning of 2017, the 8th edition of the TNM classification was presented. For oropharyngeal carcinoma, this was accompanied by a paradigm shift, as a separation of the classification depending on the association with human papillomavirus (HPV) status has been established. By considering the literature, this paper provides an overview of the characteristics of HPV-associated carcinomas, the new features of the TNM classification, and the existing points of discussion. The revision has improved the prognostic significance of the TNM classification; however, there are still tumor- and patient-dependent influencing factors that must be considered for future versions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Becker
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
| | - B G Hofauer
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - N Mansour
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - M C Ketterer
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Schulz
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - A Knopf
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
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Baryshev VV, Sevryukov FE, Polkin VV, Baryshev KV, Popuchiev VV. [Individual-specific symptoms of malignant neoplasms of the oropharynx occurring in otolaryngologist's practice]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2021; 85:37-40. [PMID: 33474915 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20208506137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
According to statistical data given in the article the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer increases, despite the ease of access to the maxillofacial area and the possibility to make visual and manual examination of this site. It should be stressed that locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer of the III-IV stages was the first diagnosis in 82.9% of patients. It may be due to low level suspicion of primary care physicians. The paper considers risk factors for development of oropharyngeal cancer and presents the list of compulsory diagnostic tests. The authors suggest that recommended diagnostic algorithm will be helpful to a timely detection of precancer and cancer abnormalities in the oropharynx in order to minimize the time and to define the optimal scheduling of examination of a patient in specialized health care centers for early detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Baryshev
- Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - F E Sevryukov
- Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - V V Polkin
- Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - K V Baryshev
- Ivanovo State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivanovo, Russia
| | - V V Popuchiev
- Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
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Elagali AM, Suliman AA, Altayeb M, Dannoun AI, Parine NR, Sakr HI, Suliman HS, Motawee ME. Human papillomavirus, gene mutation and estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:43. [PMID: 33854672 PMCID: PMC8017370 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.43.22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction recent studies show a good relationship between breast cancer (BC) and human papillomaviruses (HPV) wich is responsible for about 18% of BC cases. This study aimed to assess the relationship between different genotypes of HPV and the expression of P53 and retinoblastoma (RB) genes and estrogen and progesterone receptors in BC among Sudanese women. Methods one hundred and fifty tissue blocks were obtained from females diagnosed with BC. Positive samples were used to determine genotypes with an applied biosystem (ABI 3730XL) genetic analyzer for sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Results 13/150 samples showed HPV DNA. High-risk HPV-16 was detected in 5 cases, high-risk-HPV-58 was found in four cases, and HPV-18 was detected in three cases. Low-risk-HPV-11 was detected in a single invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) case. P53 and RB gene mutations were detected in 35 and 30 BC cases, respectively. P53 gene mutation was frequently identified in grade (III) BC while RB gene mutation was positive in grade (II). Grade (II) BC had a higher incidence of HPV-16 and 58. On the other hand, HPV-18 had a higher incidence in grade (III). Estrogen and progesterone receptors were expressed in 94 and 79 HPV cases among the study group, respectively. Conclusion this study elucidates the associations between HPV genotypes and BC. A statistically significant association was observed among p53 and RB gene mutations and different BC histological types. On the other hand, there was a statistically insignificant association between HPV genotyping and different BC gradings, BC histological types, P53 and RB genes mutations, and estrogen and progesterone receptor expression. Also, there was a statistically insignificant association among estrogen and progesterone receptors expression and BC grading. RB gene mutation was significantly associated with different BC grades. On the other hand, there was a statistically insignificant association between progesterone receptor expression and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Mohammed Elagali
- Faculty of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College of Science and Technology, Jeddah, KSA.,Histopathology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Graduate Study and Scientific Research, National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ahmed Abdelbadie Suliman
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almonawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Altayeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College of Science and Technology, Jeddah, KSA.,Molecular Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, KSA
| | - Anas Ibrahim Dannoun
- Molecular Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, KSA
| | - Narasimha Reddy Parine
- Medical Genetics Department, Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Hader Ibrahim Sakr
- Physiology Department, Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Howayda Saeed Suliman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Brennan MT, Treister NS, Sollecito TP, Schmidt BL, Patton LL, Yang Y, Lin A, Elting LS, Hodges JS, Lalla RV. Epidemiologic factors in patients with advanced head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy. Head Neck 2021; 43:164-172. [PMID: 32991009 PMCID: PMC7756563 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 50% of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) initially were seen with advanced disease. We aimed to evaluate the association of epidemiologic factors with advanced HNC at diagnosis. METHODS The OraRad multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled HNC patients receiving curative-intent radiation therapy. Factors assessed for association with advanced HNC presentation at diagnosis included demographics, social and medical history, cancer characteristics, human papilloma virus (HPV) status, and dental disease measures. RESULTS We enrolled 572 participants; 77% male and mean (SD) age of 61.7 (11.2) years. Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (88% HPV-related) were seen with smaller tumors, but more frequent nodal involvement. Private medical insurance and no Medicaid were associated with smaller tumors. A higher dental disease burden was associated with larger tumors. CONCLUSIONS Insurance status, cancer type/location, and dental disease are associated with advanced HNC and may represent potentially modifiable factors or factors to be considered in the screening process of new lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Brennan
- Department of Oral MedicineAtrium Health's Carolinas Medical CenterCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Nathaniel S. Treister
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and ImmunityHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Thomas P. Sollecito
- Department of Oral MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Dental MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of Oral MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Health SystemPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Brian L. Schmidt
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Bluestone Center for Clinical ResearchNew York University College of DentistryNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Lauren L. Patton
- Division of Craniofacial and Surgical Care, Adams School of DentistryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Yi Yang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Alexander Lin
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Linda S. Elting
- Department of Health Services Research, Division of Division of Cancer Prevention and Population SciencesThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - James S. Hodges
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Rajesh V. Lalla
- Section of Oral MedicineUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
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Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Thakur K, Bibban R, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Bhat A, Singh T, Jadli M, Singh U, Kashyap MK, Bharti AC. Human Papillomavirus Infection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Transcriptional Triggers and Changed Disease Patterns. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020. [PMID: 33344262 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.537650,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers. Collectively, HNSCC ranks sixth in incidence rate worldwide. Apart from classical risk factors like tobacco and alcohol, infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is emerging as a discrete risk factor for HNSCC. HPV-positive HNSCC represent a distinct group of diseases that differ in their clinical presentation. These lesions are well-differentiated, occur at an early age, and have better prognosis. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a specific increase in the proportions of the HPV-positive HNSCC. HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC lesions display different disease progression and clinical response. For tumorigenic-transformation, HPV essentially requires a permissive cellular environment and host cell factors for induction of viral transcription. As the spectrum of host factors is independent of HPV infection at the time of viral entry, presumably entry of HPV only selects host cells that are permissive to establishment of HPV infection. Growing evidence suggest that HPV plays a more active role in a subset of HNSCC, where they are transcriptionally-active. A variety of factors provide a favorable environment for HPV to become transcriptionally-active. The most notable are the set of transcription factors that have direct binding sites on the viral genome. As HPV does not have its own transcription machinery, it is fully dependent on host transcription factors to complete the life cycle. Here, we review and evaluate the current evidence on level of a subset of host transcription factors that influence viral genome, directly or indirectly, in HNSCC. Since many of these transcription factors can independently promote carcinogenesis, the composition of HPV permissive transcription factors in a tumor can serve as a surrogate marker of a separate molecularly-distinct class of HNSCC lesions including those cases, where HPV could not get a chance to infect but may manifest better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Bibban
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ujala Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manoj K Kashyap
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Amity Medical School, Stem Cell Institute, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley Panchgaon, Gurugram, India
| | - Alok C Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Awareness of Human Papillomavirus and Its Oncogenic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer among Students: Still More Questions than Answers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228667. [PMID: 33266390 PMCID: PMC7700204 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past years, human papilloma virus (HPV) has been proved to be an important risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), especially in the oropharynx (OPCCS). The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge about HPV among students and to raise their awareness on the issue. A 22-question questionnaire was uploaded to an online service. Information about the project was sent out to students from three Universities in Lodz, Poland. All data were collected via questionnaire website tools. A total of 1710 students participated in this study. The group was divided into medical (MS) and non-medical (non-MS) students. Merely 59.38% of the non-MS had ever heard about HPV. Only 44.74% of the non-MS knew about vaccines against HPV. The oncogenic potential of HPV was evident for 81.17% of the MS and only 55.92% of the non-MS. Very similar numbers of respondents from both groups (39.21% vs. 36.47%) knew that HPV may cause cancers other than cervical. Nearly half of the respondents from both groups (46.28% vs. 48.32%) did not know about the risk of developing oral or oropharyngeal cancer. The level of knowledge about the consequences of HPV infection in head and neck cancers in young adults remains insufficient.
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von Witzleben A, Wang C, Laban S, Savelyeva N, Ottensmeier CH. HNSCC: Tumour Antigens and Their Targeting by Immunotherapy. Cells 2020; 9:E2103. [PMID: 32942747 PMCID: PMC7564543 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumours typically caused by alcohol and tobacco consumption, although an increasing number of HNSCC arise due to persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV). The treatment of HNSCC remains challenging, and the first-line setting is focused on surgery and chemoradiotherapy. A substantial proportion of HNSCC patients die from their disease, especially those with recurrent and metastatic disease. Among factors linked with good outcome, immune cell infiltration appears to have a major role. HPV-driven HNSCC are often T-cell rich, reflecting the presence of HPV antigens that are immunogenic. Tumour-associated antigens that are shared between patients or that are unique to an individual person may also induce varying degrees of immune response; studying these is important for the understanding of the interaction between the host immune system and the cancer. The resulting knowledge is critical for the design of better immunotherapies. Key questions are: Which antigens lead to an adaptive immune response in the tumour? Which of these are exploitable for immunotherapy? Here, we review the current thinking regarding tumour antigens in HNSCC and what has been learned from early phase clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian von Witzleben
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (A.v.W.); (N.S.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Chuan Wang
- Head and Neck Center, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK;
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Natalia Savelyeva
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (A.v.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (A.v.W.); (N.S.)
- Head and Neck Center, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK;
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Jung K, Narwal M, Min SY, Keam B, Kang H. Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck: what internists should know. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1031-1044. [PMID: 32663913 PMCID: PMC7487309 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2020.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) is a group of cancer arising from mucosal surfaces of the head and neck. Optimal management of SCCHN requires a multidisciplinary team of surgical oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, nutritionist, and speech-language pathologists, due to the complexity of anatomical structure and importance of functional outcome. Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related SCCHN represents a distinct subset from HPV negative SCCHN which is associated with carcinogen exposure such as cigarette smoking, betel nut use and alcohol. HPV related SCCHN responds better to concurrent chemoradiation and has better overall prognosis, compared to HPV negative SCCHN. Radiation therapy has been introduced to the treatment of SCCHN, administered concurrently with systemic chemotherapy for locoregional SCCHN, as well as a palliative measure for recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) SCCHN. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been shown to improve overall survival in R/M-SCCHN and have been incorporated into the standard of care. Combination approaches with immune therapy and targeted therapy for biomarker enriched population based on genomics are being actively investigated and will shape the future of SCCHN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsuk Jung
- Department of Medicine, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Manpreet Narwal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seon Young Min
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunseok Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Correspondence to Hyunseok Kang, M.D. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Tel: +1-4158857356 Fax: +1-4153337984 E-mail:
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40
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Rotsides JM, Oliver JR, Moses LE, Tam M, Li Z, Schreiber D, Jacobson AS, Hu KS, Givi B. Socioeconomic and Racial Disparities and Survival of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 164:131-138. [PMID: 32660368 DOI: 10.1177/0194599820935853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in epidemiology of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) with regards to human papillomavirus (HPV), race, and socioeconomic status (SES) using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). STUDY DESIGN Population-based cohort study. SETTING Racial and socioeconomic disparities in survival of OPSCC have been previously acknowledged. However, the distribution of HPV-related cancers and its influence on survival in conjunction with race and SES remain unclear. SUBJECTS AND METHODS All patients with OPSCC in the NCDB with known HPV status from 2010 to 2016 were included. Differences in presentation, HPV status, treatment, and outcomes were compared along racial and socioeconomic lines. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression survival analyses were performed. RESULTS In total, 45,940 patients met criteria. Most were male (38,038, 82.8%), older than 60 years (23,456, 51.5%), and white (40,156, 87.4%), and lived in higher median income areas (>$48,000, 28,587, 62.2%). Two-thirds were HPV positive (31,007, 67.5%). HPV-negative disease was significantly more common in lower SES (<$38,000, 2937, 41.5%, P < .001) and among blacks (1784, 55.3%, P < .001). Median follow-up was 33 months. Five-year overall survival was 81.3% (95% CI, 80.5%-82.1%) and 59.6% (95% CI, 58.2%-61.0%) in HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups, respectively. In univariable and multivariable analyses controlling for HPV status, age, stage, and treatment, black race (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11-1.34; P < .001) and low SES (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.45-1.72; P < .001) were associated with worse survival. CONCLUSION Significant differences in HPV status exist between socioeconomic and racial groups, with HPV-negative disease more common among blacks and lower SES. When controlling for HPV status, race and SES still influence outcomes in oropharyngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M Rotsides
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jamie R Oliver
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lindsey E Moses
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Moses Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zujun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Schreiber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Adam S Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth S Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Babak Givi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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41
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Kim YJ, Kim JH. Increasing incidence and improving survival of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7877. [PMID: 32398670 PMCID: PMC7217912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated changes in incidence, relative survival (RS), and conditional survival (CS) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), focusing on oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). Data of 74 680 HNSCC patients from 1976 to 2015 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Five anatomical sites and their subsites were analyzed. Annual percent change (APC) of incidence was calculated. RS and CS were compared across the four decades. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of RS were evaluated using multivariate regression. OTSCC incidence decreased from 1976 (APC = −0.76, P < 0.05) but has increased since 1999 (APC = 2.36, P < 0.05). During 2006–2015, the 5-year CS exceeded 90% only for OTSCC and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). RS improved in OTSCC (aHR = 0.697, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.642–0.757, P < 0.001) and OPSCC (aHR = 0.669, 95% CI 0.633–0.706, P < 0.001) during the last two decades. For both OTSCC and OPSCC, improved survival was observed regardless of treatment. Incidence and survival remained unchanged for nasopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers during this period. In conclusion, OTSCC incidence has been increasing since the 2000s, with improving prognosis irrespective of treatment. Given its similarity to OPSCC, OTSCC may represent an emerging HNSCC, warranting further research and clinical recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Kim
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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de la Garza-Ramos MA, Urrutia-Baca VH, Urbina-Rios CS, García-Robayo DA, Tamez-Guerra P, Gomez-Flores R. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in the oral cavity of an indigenous community from Southwest México. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 83:104283. [PMID: 32194258 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a DNA virus associated with the development of cervical, penile, anal, vulvar, and oral cancers. In recent years, there has been an increase in oral cancer, which could be due to changes in sexual behavior in the general population. In México, there is scarce information on this regard, which prompted us to study HPV infection prevalence in the oral cavity of an indigenous community from the municipality of Siltepec, Chiapas, Mexico. Oral samples from 198 individuals were obtained with cytobrush for virus detection by nested PCR, using MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ primers, and positive samples were sequenced for HPV genotyping. We observed 12.1% HPV infection prevalence, which depended on gender, number of sexual partners, lack of using condoms, and oral sex practices. In contrast, no significant association between HPV infection and tobacco or alcohol consumption was detected. Furthermore, sequencing analyzes were performed where HPV-13 (21/24), -16 (2/24), -32 (1/24), -81 (1/24), and -83 (1/24) were evidenced and HPV-16 European/Asian and Asian/American E6 variants identified. These results demonstrated an important prevalence of HPV infection in the oral cavity of a Mexican indigenous community, where the predominant genotypes were associated with benign pathologies, and showed that high-risk genotype variants derived from different lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Angélica de la Garza-Ramos
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño y Silao S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo León CP. 64460, México.
| | - Victor Hugo Urrutia-Baca
- CHRISTUS - LATAM HUB Center of Excellence and Innovation (CHRISTUS CEI), Monterrey, Nuevo León C.P. 66260, México.
| | - Cynthia Sofia Urbina-Rios
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
| | | | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
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Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Thakur K, Bibban R, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Bhat A, Singh T, Jadli M, Singh U, Kashyap MK, Bharti AC. Human Papillomavirus Infection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Transcriptional Triggers and Changed Disease Patterns. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:537650. [PMID: 33344262 PMCID: PMC7738612 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.537650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers. Collectively, HNSCC ranks sixth in incidence rate worldwide. Apart from classical risk factors like tobacco and alcohol, infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is emerging as a discrete risk factor for HNSCC. HPV-positive HNSCC represent a distinct group of diseases that differ in their clinical presentation. These lesions are well-differentiated, occur at an early age, and have better prognosis. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a specific increase in the proportions of the HPV-positive HNSCC. HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC lesions display different disease progression and clinical response. For tumorigenic-transformation, HPV essentially requires a permissive cellular environment and host cell factors for induction of viral transcription. As the spectrum of host factors is independent of HPV infection at the time of viral entry, presumably entry of HPV only selects host cells that are permissive to establishment of HPV infection. Growing evidence suggest that HPV plays a more active role in a subset of HNSCC, where they are transcriptionally-active. A variety of factors provide a favorable environment for HPV to become transcriptionally-active. The most notable are the set of transcription factors that have direct binding sites on the viral genome. As HPV does not have its own transcription machinery, it is fully dependent on host transcription factors to complete the life cycle. Here, we review and evaluate the current evidence on level of a subset of host transcription factors that influence viral genome, directly or indirectly, in HNSCC. Since many of these transcription factors can independently promote carcinogenesis, the composition of HPV permissive transcription factors in a tumor can serve as a surrogate marker of a separate molecularly-distinct class of HNSCC lesions including those cases, where HPV could not get a chance to infect but may manifest better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Bibban
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ujala Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manoj K. Kashyap
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Amity Medical School, Stem Cell Institute, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley Panchgaon, Gurugram, India
| | - Alok C. Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Alok C. Bharti,
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Castañeda-Avila M, Pérez CM, Vivaldi J, Díaz-Toro EC, Centeno H, Ortiz AP. Sex Differences in Risk Factors for Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer among Puerto Rican Adults. JOURNAL OF HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 13:1. [PMID: 34367737 PMCID: PMC8341047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) is a frequent type of cancer in Puerto Rico, with the risk being higher in men relative to women. We assessed differences in OPC risk factors implicated in these sex disparities. METHODS We analyzed data of 740 adult participants (40-65 years) from the San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Study (SOALS). A comprehensive questionnaire was administered to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, cigarette smoking, binge drinking, oral high-risk HPV infection, fruit and vegetable consumption, sexual behavior, and oral hygiene practices. A full-mouth periodontal examination was also performed. Sixteen OPC known and potential risk factors were evaluated. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) estimates for individual OPC risk factors, by sex, were calculated using log-binomial regression. RESULTS Compared to women, men had significantly increased prevalence of several OPC risk factors including current smoking (PR: 1.91, 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-2.70), binge drinking (PR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.31-2.84), and severe periodontitis (PR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.47-2.85). CONCLUSIONS Men were significantly more likely than women to have risk factors for OPC. Cancer prevention and control efforts should focus on sex-specific interventions that help reduce this disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Castañeda-Avila
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus. Present address: University of Massachusetts Medical School
| | | | - José Vivaldi
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus
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Chang CP, Chang SC, Chuang SC, Berthiller J, Ferro G, Matsuo K, Wünsch-Filho V, Toporcov TN, de Carvalho MB, La Vecchia C, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP, Serraino D, Muscat J, Sturgis EM, Li G, Morgenstern H, Levi F, Dal Maso L, Smith E, Kelsey K, McClean M, Vaughan TL, Lazarus P, Ramroth H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Winn DM, Bosetti C, Edefonti V, Garavello W, Negri E, Hayes RB, Purdue MP, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Shangina O, Koifman R, Curado MP, Vilensky M, Swiatkowska B, Herrero R, Franceschi S, Benhamou S, Fernandez L, Menezes AMB, Daudt AW, Mates D, Schantz S, Yu GP, Lissowska J, Brenner H, Fabianova E, Rudnai P, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Zhang ZF, Hashibe M, Lee YCA. Age at start of using tobacco on the risk of head and neck cancer: Pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium (INHANCE). Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 63:101615. [PMID: 31586822 PMCID: PMC10072232 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). However, less is known about the potential impact of exposure to tobacco at an early age on HNC risk. METHODS We analyzed individual-level data on ever tobacco smokers from 27 case-control studies (17,146 HNC cases and 17,449 controls) in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects logistic regression models. RESULTS Without adjusting for tobacco packyears, we observed that younger age at starting tobacco use was associated with an increased HNC risk for ever smokers (OR<10 years vs. ≥30 years: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.97). However, the observed association between age at starting tobacco use and HNC risk became null after adjusting for tobacco packyears (OR<10 years vs. ≥30 years: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.80, 1.19). In the stratified analyses on HNC subsites by tobacco packyears or years since quitting, no difference in the association between age at start and HNC risk was observed. CONCLUSIONS Results from this pooled analysis suggest that increased HNC risks observed with earlier age at starting tobacco smoking are largely due to longer duration and higher cumulative tobacco exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Pin Chang
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Shen-Chih Chang
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Julien Berthiller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Ferro
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Victor Wünsch-Filho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana N Toporcov
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Division of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Joshua Muscat
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guojun Li
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | - Thomas L Vaughan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, United States
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Deborah M Winn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Edefonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalina Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Vilensky
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Silvia Franceschi
- Scientific Directorate, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Simone Benhamou
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M. Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Dept. of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
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Chandrupatla SG, Khalid I, Tavares M. Oral HPV prevalence and HPV vaccination among special needs population in the US. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2019; 8:100182. [PMID: 31473308 PMCID: PMC6807293 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Special needs population have barriers accessing healthcare, higher incidence of sexual assaults and lower sexual education. Due to the above this study was conducted- 1) To assess the current prevalence of oral HPV infection among individuals with SHCN (special health care needs) as compared to the general population and 2) To compare the prevalence of HPV vaccination in SHCN individuals (within the recommended age groups) to general population. Methods This data was obtained from NHANES 2013-14 and included 665 individuals with special needs. Weighted prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated for oral HPV infection by gender, age (18–59 years), race, smoking history, economic status, and sexual behavior. Prevalence rates were calculated for HPV vaccination. Results Oral HPV was detected in 9% (7.1–11.5; p = 0.05) of special needs adults. High-risk HPV genotypes prevalence was also higher among adults with special needs [5.56% (3.9–7.9) vs 3.87% (2.7–5.4)]. The HPV vaccination rates among 9–26 years special needs females (33.5% vs 37%) and males aged 9–21 years (16.7% vs 21.2%) with special needs was lower than non-special needs individuals. Conclusion There is higher burden of oral HPV infection among adults with special needs compared to general population. Contrastingly, lower vaccination rates were observed among them within the recommended age groups. Further studies are required to determine the barriers to HPV vaccination among individuals with special needs. The prevalence of Oral HPV infection is higher among the adults with special health care needs. Individuals with Special health care needs have lower uptake of HPV vaccination with in the recommended age groups, compared to the general population. Males are more likely to have high-risk Oral HPV infection and lower vaccination rates compared to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddardha G Chandrupatla
- Part-time Faculty, Dept. of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, USA.
| | - Isma Khalid
- Resident, Pediatric Dentistry, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, USA
| | - Mary Tavares
- Dental Public Health, Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, USA
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Albano PM, Salvador C, Orosa J, Racelis S, Leaño M, Michel A, Ramos JD, Holzinger D, Pawlita M. Human Papillomavirus Serologic Profiles of Selected Filipinos with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pathol Transl Med 2019; 53:273-279. [PMID: 31142100 PMCID: PMC6755648 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2019.05.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The low prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and mRNA in biopsy samples of Filipinos with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been reported previously. Here, the HPV serologic profiles of HNSCC cases were analyzed and associated with lifestyle and sexual practices. Methods Serum samples were collected between May 2012 and September 2013 from HNSCC patients (n = 22) in the northwest region of the Philippines, and age- and sex-matched clinically healthy controls. Antibodies to capsid and early oncoproteins of HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, 6, and 11 were analyzed using multiplex serology. Results Most of the cases were males with tumors of the oral cavity or larynx. Two of the cases tested positive for at least one of the early oncoproteins (E6, E7, E1, and/or E2) of HPV16, and 11 did not display reactivity to any HPV early or late oncoproteins. Of the controls, four tested positive for at least one of the HPV16 early oncoproteins, and 10 were non-reactive to all HPV types. Titers to HPV16 E6 or E7 of the seropositive cases and controls were considerably lower than those typically observed in economically developed countries. Conclusions The low HPV titers seen here are consistent with the results of molecular analyses for this population. Hence, the seropositivity of some of the HNSCC cases is likely an indication of prior exposure to the virus and not the presence of HPV-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Marie Albano
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.,Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Christianne Salvador
- Department of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
| | - Jose Orosa
- Department of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
| | - Sheryl Racelis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
| | - Modesty Leaño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
| | - Angelika Michel
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John Donnie Ramos
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.,Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Dana Holzinger
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Vlastarakos PV, Gkouvali A, Katsochi D. Attitudes and Parameters Affecting the Behavior Toward Precursor Symptoms of Head and Neck Cancer. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 98:E58-E63. [PMID: 31018688 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319840881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors with the response time from the appearance of symptoms potentially related to head and neck cancer (HNC) and gain an insight regarding the main source of health information about this specific area. Specific perceptions about human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the head and neck area were also explored. An Internet-based survey was conducted between June 30, 2016, and July 31, 2016, using a structured questionnaire. The study sample comprised 1058 adults. A direct association was found between the response time period from the potential appearance of a mouth ulcer/soreness (P < .001), earache (P = .014), hoarseness (P < .001), or painless lump in the neck (P = .003) and alcohol consumption, as well as between smoking (P = .012) and soft-drink consumption (P < .001) and the appearance of hoarseness. Inverse association was found between age and the appearance of a mouth ulcer/soreness (P = .017) and between a person's educational level (P < .001) and yearly income (P = .006) and the appearance of an earache. A total of 79.1% of study participants seemed aware that oral sex represents the main mode of HPV transmission; this understanding was directly associated with a person's educational level (P < .001) and yearly income (P = .001) and inversely associated with alcohol consumption (P = .037). Health policy makers and health professionals need to devise strategies to increase the awareness of HNC risk associated with sexual behavior especially in young adults. The repressing effect of alcohol on timely patient response should be demonstrated in targeted campaigns, and the understanding of the "iceberg phenomenon," frequently associating even common head and neck symptoms with HNC, acknowledged in undergraduate and postgraduate physician training.
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Liyanage C, Wathupola A, Muraleetharan S, Perera K, Punyadeera C, Udagama P. Promoter Hypermethylation of Tumor-Suppressor Genes p16INK4a, RASSF1A, TIMP3, and PCQAP/MED15 in Salivary DNA as a Quadruple Biomarker Panel for Early Detection of Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancers. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040148. [PMID: 31013839 PMCID: PMC6523930 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silencing of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) by DNA promoter hypermethylation is an early event in carcinogenesis; hence, TSGs may serve as early tumor biomarkers. We determined the promoter methylation levels of p16INK4a, RASSF1A, TIMP3, and PCQAP/MED15 TSGs in salivary DNA from oral cancer (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients, using methylation-specific PCR coupled with densitometry analysis. We assessed the association between DNA methylation of individual TSGs with OC and OPC risk factors. The performance and the clinical validity of this quadruple-methylation marker panel were evaluated in discriminating OC and OPC patients from healthy controls using the CombiROC web tool. Our study reports that RASSF1A, TIMP3, and PCQAP/MED15 TSGs were significantly hypermethylated in OC and OPC cases compared to healthy controls. DNA methylation levels of TSGs were significantly augmented by smoking, alcohol use, and betel quid chewing, indicating the fact that frequent exposure to risk factors may drive oral and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis through TSG promoter hypermethylation. Also, this quadruple-methylation marker panel of p16INK4a, RASSF1A, TIMP3, and PCQAP/MED15 TSGs demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy in the early detection of OC at 91.7% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity and of OPC at 99.8% sensitivity and 92.1% specificity from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamikara Liyanage
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03 00300, Sri Lanka.
| | - Asanga Wathupola
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03 00300, Sri Lanka.
| | - Sanjayan Muraleetharan
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03 00300, Sri Lanka.
| | - Kanthi Perera
- National Cancer Institute of Sri Lanka, Maharagama, 10280, Sri Lanka.
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Preethi Udagama
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03 00300, Sri Lanka.
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Tang JA, Lango MN. Diverging incidence trends for larynx and tonsil cancer in low socioeconomic regions of the US. Oral Oncol 2019; 91:65-68. [PMID: 30926064 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oropharynx cancer incidence trends in low socioeconomic (SES) regions of the United States (US) have not been well described. Our objective was to describe tonsil cancer incidence trends in low SES regions, and compare observed trends with those for larynx cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Age-adjusted incidence rates and trends for tonsil and larynx squamous cell carcinomas (2000-14) from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER 18) were evaluated using SEER*Stat and Joinpoint 4.5.0.1. Annual percentage changes (APCs) were compared between low and high SES counties. The laryngeal cancer cohort was included as a comparator reflecting a tobacco-related malignancy. RESULTS Tonsil cancer incidence trends increased at least as much in low SES as in high SES counties (APC/AAPC 4.4, 95%CI 2.4-6.4 versus APC/AAPC 2.9, 95%CI 2.4-3.3). Pairwise comparison confirmed no differences between incidence trends across SES quintiles for tonsil cancer incidence rates. In contrast, age-adjusted incidence rates of larynx cancer decreased in high SES counties (APC/AAPC -2.4, 95%CI -2.4 to -2.0, p < 0.001) and were stable in low SES counties (APC/AAPC -0.9, 95%CI -1.9 to 0.2, p = 0.10). Compared with larynx cancer patients, tonsil cancer patients in low SES regions were significantly more likely to be younger and white. CONCLUSION In low SES US counties, tonsil cancer incidence rates increased from 2000 to 2014, while larynx cancer rates did not change, reflecting diverging trends for larynx and tonsil cancers. Tonsil cancer incidence rates are increasing in most US regions regardless of regional socioeconomic status. Prevention efforts should take these findings into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Miriam N Lango
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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