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Shin J, Lee J, Yoon Y, Lee HS, Kim H, Kwon YJ, Lee JW. Dietary Habits of Newly Diagnosed Patients with Breast Cancer in Korea. Korean J Fam Med 2024; 45:149-156. [PMID: 38263902 PMCID: PMC11116120 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.23.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with breast cancer, a healthy diet can help reduce breast cancer-specific recurrence, mortality, and comorbid chronic disease rates. There have been few studies on dietary habits immediately after breast cancer diagnosis, especially those involving the Asian population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the nutritional habits of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer and the general population without cancer in Korea using propensity score (PS) matching. METHODS We conducted a case-controlled study of 157 patients with breast cancer and 2,363 cancer-free control participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The PS values for the predicted probability of patients with breast cancer and the general population were estimated using logistic regression analysis, including age and body mass index. The dietary patterns were assessed using a 24-hour recall of 1 day and the Food Frequency Questionnaire. RESULTS PS matching showed that patients with breast cancer consumed fewer calories and carbohydrates; however, they consumed more protein and fat compared to the general population. Compared to the general population, patients with breast cancer consumed more healthy foods such as fish, seaweed, vegetables, fruit, mixed-grain rice, and nuts; however, they also consumed more soup, stew, and red meat. CONCLUSION Newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer have some healthy dietary habits compared to the general population. However, there is considerable room for improvement in their diet quality. Our results support the need to develop tailored dietary recommendations for patients with breast cancer during the diagnostic and posttreatment periods to improve their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Wellness Health Promotion Center, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yooeun Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungmi Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Han E, Van Horn L, Snetselaar L, Shepherd JA, Jung Park Y, Kim H, Jung S, Dorgan JF. The Associations between Intakes of One-Carbon Metabolism-Related Vitamins and Breast Density among Young Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:567-575. [PMID: 38270539 PMCID: PMC11038423 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate is the primary methyl donor and B vitamins are cofactors for one-carbon metabolism that maintain DNA integrity and epigenetic signatures implicated in carcinogenesis. Breast tissue is particularly susceptible to stimuli in early life. Only limited data are available on associations of one-carbon metabolism-related vitamin intake during youth and young adulthood with breast density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. METHODS Over 18 years in the DISC and DISC06 Follow-up Study, diets of 182 young women were assessed by three 24-hour recalls on five occasions at ages 8 to 18 years and once at 25 to 29 years. Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed-effects regression was used to examine associations of intakes of one-carbon metabolism-related vitamins with MRI-measured percent dense breast volume (%DBV) and absolute dense breast volume (ADBV) at ages 25 to 29 years. RESULTS Folate intake in youth was inversely associated with %DBV (Ptrend = 0.006) and ADBV (Ptrend = 0.02). These inverse associations were observed with intake during post-, though not premenarche. In contrast, premenarche vitamin B2 intake was positively associated with ADBV (Ptrend < 0.001). Young adult folate and vitamin B6 intakes were inversely associated with %DBV (all Ptrend ≤ 0.04), whereas vitamins B6 and B12 were inversely associated with ADBV (all Ptrend ≤ 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Among these DISC participants intakes of one-carbon metabolism-related vitamins were associated with breast density. Larger prospective studies among diverse populations are needed to replicate these findings. IMPACT Our results suggest the importance of one-carbon metabolism-related vitamin intakes early in life with development of breast density and thereby potentially breast cancer risk later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Han
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Yoon Jung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyoun Jung
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joanne F. Dorgan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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3
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Riseberg E, Wu Y, Lam WC, Eliassen AH, Wang M, Zhang X, Willett WC, Smith-Warner SA. Lifetime dairy product consumption and breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study by tumor subtypes. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:302-313. [PMID: 38042408 PMCID: PMC10884601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous literature on dairy products and risk of breast cancer is inconsistent, and the relationship may depend on the life-period of dietary assessment. OBJECTIVE We examined dairy consumption from adolescence through later adulthood and incidence of breast cancer by menopausal status and tumor molecular subtypes in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), a prospective cohort study. METHODS We analyzed data from 63,847 females in the NHS collected from 1980 to 2018. Average intake of dairy products during adulthood was assessed by validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires throughout follow-up. Participants recalled adolescent dietary intake in 1986. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) relating dairy product consumption to breast cancer risk overall, by menopausal status, and by subtypes. RESULTS We documented 5733 incident cases of invasive breast cancer during 32 y of follow-up (n = 5298 postmenopausal). Lifetime, adolescent, adulthood, and postmenopausal total dairy and milk intakes were not associated with overall breast cancer risk (nonsignificant HRs comparing highest with lowest quintile range = 0.97-1.08), although there was a suggestive positive association between adolescent milk intake and breast cancer risk (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.18). Higher lifetime and premenopausal cheese intakes were associated with modestly lower risks of breast cancer (comparing highest with lowest quintile, HR for lifetime cheese intake: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; HR for premenopausal cheese intake: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.00). Results varied by tumor subtype and some evidence for heterogeneity was observed for an association between premenopausal milk intake and breast cancer (HR for estrogen receptor [ER]-positive: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.99; ER-negative: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.84; P heterogeneity = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that overall dairy consumption was not associated with risk of breast cancer. However, heterogeneity was observed for type of dairy food, period of life, and tumor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Riseberg
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - You Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Institute for Hospital Management, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Wai Ching Lam
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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Amato S, Ramsey J, Ahern TP, Rovnak J, Barlow J, Weaver D, Eyasu L, Singh R, Cintolo-Gonzalez J. Exploring the presence of bovine leukemia virus among breast cancer tumors in a rural state. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:325-334. [PMID: 37517027 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a deltaretrovirus that causes malignant lymphoma and lymphosarcomas in cattle globally and has high prevalence among large scale U.S. dairy herds. Associations between presence of BLV DNA in human mammary tissue and human breast cancer incidence have been reported. We sought to estimate the prevalence of BLV DNA in breast cancer tissue samples in a rural state with an active dairy industry. METHODS We purified genomic DNA from 56 fresh-frozen breast cancer tissue samples (51 tumor samples, 5 samples representing adjacent normal breast tissue) banked between 2016 and 2019. Using nested PCR assays, multiple BLV tax sequence primers and primers for the long terminal repeat (LTR) were used to detect BLV DNA in tissue samples and known positive control samples, including the permanently infected fetal lamb kidney cell line (FLK-BLV) and blood from BLV positive cattle. RESULTS The median age of patients from which samples were obtained at the time of treatment was 60 (40-93) and all were female. Ninety percent of patients had invasive ductal carcinoma. The majority were poorly differentiated (60%). On PCR assay, none of the tumor samples tested positive for BLV DNA, despite having consistent signals in positive controls. CONCLUSION We did not find BLV DNA in fresh-frozen breast cancer tumors from patients presenting to a hospital in Vermont. Our findings suggest a low prevalence of BLV in our patient population and a need to reevaluate the association between BLV and human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stas Amato
- Department of General Surgery, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Ave., B227, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jon Ramsey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Thomas P Ahern
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Ave., B227, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Joel Rovnak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John Barlow
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Donald Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Lud Eyasu
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Ave., B227, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Rohit Singh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jessica Cintolo-Gonzalez
- Department of General Surgery, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Ave., B227, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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Sivasubramanian BP, Dave M, Panchal V, Saifa-Bonsu J, Konka S, Noei F, Nagaraj S, Terpari U, Savani P, Vekaria PH, Samala Venkata V, Manjani L. Comprehensive Review of Red Meat Consumption and the Risk of Cancer. Cureus 2023; 15:e45324. [PMID: 37849565 PMCID: PMC10577092 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Red and processed meat consumption rates are increasing in the United States. In this review, we present the current evidence that links red meat consumption and cancer development. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to review red meat consumption and its association with breast cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. Due to the presence of heme iron, which triggers oxidative reactions that eventually result in tumor formation, red meat consumption is strongly associated with the development of breast cancer. Ingestion of red meat increases Helicobacter pylori infections, resulting in enhanced expression of the CagA gene and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is the leading cause of gastric cancer. There is a strong correlation between heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in red meat and the development of pancreatic cancer. However, additional research is necessary to confirm this finding. Adult colorectal cancer is caused by the formation of heterocyclic amines and DNA adducts due to the intake of red and processed meats cooked at higher temperatures. The consumption of poultry is associated with a reduced risk of breast and gastrointestinal cancers, but the results are inconsistent. The evidence is strong for the association between red meat and breast cancer and most gastric cancers. The presence of aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic amines, and heme iron in red meat has been found to be behind tumorigenesis. Poultry has been shown to have a low association with cancer, but additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barath Prashanth Sivasubramanian
- Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
- Internal Medicine, Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College (ESIC-MC) & Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (PGIMSR), Chennai, IND
| | - Mihir Dave
- Internal Medicine, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, IND
| | - Viraj Panchal
- Internal Medicine, Smt. Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | | | - Srujana Konka
- Internal Medicine, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunur, IND
| | - Farahnaz Noei
- Internal Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, CAN
| | | | | | - Priya Savani
- Internal Medicine, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education & Research, Surat, IND
| | | | | | - Lokesh Manjani
- Internal Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, USA
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6
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Zhang S, Hur J, Song R, Wang P, Cao Y, Wu K, Giovannucci E. Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations throughout the life course and risk of colorectal cancer precursors. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2243-2252. [PMID: 37029199 PMCID: PMC10241897 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the increasing incidence in colorectal cancer (CRC) among the young population, the involvement of modifiable early-life exposures is understudied. METHODS We prospectively investigated the association of lifestyle score, which measures adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations, in adolescence and adulthood with risk of CRC precursors in 34,509 women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study II. Participants reported adolescent diet in 1998 and subsequently underwent at least one lower gastrointestinal endoscopy between 1999 and 2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression for clustered data. RESULTS During follow-up (1998-2015), 3036 women had at least one adenoma, and 2660 had at least one serrated lesion. In multivariable analysis, per unit increase in adolescent WCRF/AICR lifestyle score was not associated with risk of total adenoma or serrated lesions, in contrast to adult WCRF/AICR lifestyle score (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97, Ptrend = 0.002 for total adenoma; and OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81-0.92, Ptrend < 0.001 for total serrated lesions). CONCLUSION Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations during adulthood but not during adolescence was associated with a lower risk of CRC precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
- Food Clinical Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peilu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Dong H, Kong X, Wang X, Liu Q, Fang Y, Wang J. The Causal Effect of Dietary Composition on the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112586. [PMID: 37299548 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most common malignancy among women, posing a severe health risk to women worldwide and creating a heavy social burden. Based on current observational studies, the dietary factor may have a causal relationship with breast cancer. Therefore, exploring how dietary composition affects breast cancer incidence will provide nutrition strategies for clinicians and women. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to find the causal effect of four kinds of relative macronutrient intake (protein, carbohydrate, sugar, and fat) on the risk of breast cancer and its subtypes [Luminal A, Luminal B, Luminal B HER2-negative, HER2-positive, Triple-negative, Estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and ER-negative breast cancer]. The Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q statistic, funnel plot, and leave-one-out (Loo) analysis were all used in a sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of MR. Genetically, a higher relative protein intake was found as a protective factor for Luminal A and overall breast cancer, which was inconsistent with recent findings. A higher relative sugar intake could genetically promote the risk of Luminal B and HER2-positive breast cancer. Conclusions: A higher protein proportion in diet genetically reduces the risk of breast cancer, while higher relative sugar intake does the opposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yi Fang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Carey CN, Paquette M, Sahye-Pudaruth S, Dadvar A, Dinh D, Khodabandehlou K, Liang F, Mishra E, Sidhu M, Brown R, Tandon S, Wanyan J, Bazinet RP, Hanley AJ, Malik V, Sievenpiper JL, Jenkins DJ. The Environmental Sustainability of Plant-Based Dietary Patterns: A Scoping Review. J Nutr 2023; 153:857-869. [PMID: 36809853 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large part of the existential threat associated with climate change is the result of current human feeding patterns. Over the last decade, research evaluating the diet-related environmental impacts of plant-based diets has emerged, and a synthesis of the available data is now due. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were as follows: 1) to compile and summarize the literature on diet-related environmental impacts of plant-based dietary patterns; 2) to assess the nature of the data on impacts of plant-based dietary patterns on both environmental parameters and health (e.g., if land use is reduced for a particular diet, is cancer risk also reduced?); and 3) to determine where sufficient data exist for meta-analyses, in addition to identifying gaps within the literature. METHODS Global peer-reviewed studies on the environmental impacts of plant-based diets were searched in Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science. After removing duplicates, the screening identified 1553 records. After 2 stages of independent review by 2 reviewers, 65 records met the inclusion criteria and were eligible to be used in synthesis. RESULTS Evidence suggests that plant-based diets may offer lower greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs), land use, and biodiversity loss than offered by standard diets; however, the impact on water and energy use may depend on the types of plant-based foods consumed. Further, the studies were consistent in demonstrating that plant-based dietary patterns that reduce diet-related mortality also promote environmental sustainability. CONCLUSIONS Overall, there was agreement across the studies regarding the impact of plant-based dietary patterns on GHGE, land used, and biodiversity loss despite varied plant-based diets assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra N Carey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Melanie Paquette
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abolfazl Dadvar
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorothy Dinh
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Fred Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ekta Mishra
- McMaster University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mandeep Sidhu
- School of Global Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ramon Brown
- Department of Biology, Western University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shilpa Tandon
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Wanyan
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony J Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vasanti Malik
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Ja Jenkins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Dietary habits and exercise patterns among high school students in Mississippi. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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10
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Masala G, Palli D, Ermini I, Occhini D, Facchini L, Sequi L, Castaldo M, Caini S, Bendinelli B, Saieva C, Assedi M, Zanna I. The DAMA25 Study: Feasibility of a Lifestyle Intervention Programme for Cancer Risk Reduction in Young Italian Women with Breast Cancer Family History. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312287. [PMID: 34886036 PMCID: PMC8656952 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and physical activity (PA) can modulate sporadic and possibly familial breast cancer (BC) risk. The DAMA25 study is a single-arm 12-month intervention aimed to modify dietary and PA habits in healthy young Italian women with a positive BC family history, categorized as having intermediate or high genetic risk according to NICE (National Institute for Health and Cancer Excellence) guidelines. METHODS Participants, aged 25-49 years, were asked to adopt a diet mainly based on plant-based foods and to increase moderate daily activities combined with 1 h/week of more intense activity. Cooking lessons, collective walks, educational sessions, brochures, booklets and online materials were implemented. Dietary, PA habits and anthropometry were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Changes on dietary, lifestyle habits and anthropometry were evaluated by GLM adjusted for weight reduction counselling aimed to participant with a BMI ≥ 25, age and baseline values of each variable. RESULTS Out of 237 eligible women 107 (45.2%) agreed to participate and among them 98 (91.6%) completed the intervention. The adherence rate of the intervention was 77.8%. We observed a reduction in red and processed meat (p < 0.0001) and cakes consumption (p < 0.0001). Consumption of whole grain bread (p < 0.001), leafy vegetables (p = 0.01) and olive oil (p = 0.04) increased. We observed an increase in moderate (p < 0.0001) and more intense (p < 0.0001) recreational activities, an average 1.4 kg weight loss (p = 0.005), a reduction of waist circumference (p < 0.001) and fat mass (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The DAMA25 study shows that it is feasible an intervention to improve in the short-term dietary and PA habits and anthropometry in women with high BC familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Masala
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-416942 (ext. 704)
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Ilaria Ermini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Daniela Occhini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Luigi Facchini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Lisa Sequi
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Maria Castaldo
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Benedetta Bendinelli
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Calogero Saieva
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Melania Assedi
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
| | - Ines Zanna
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.P.); (I.E.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (L.S.); (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.S.); (M.A.); (I.Z.)
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11
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Safabakhsh M, Shab-Bidar S, Imani H. Higher Fruits and Vegetables Consumption Is not Associated with Risk of Breast Cancer in Iranian Women. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1680-1691. [PMID: 34323618 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1957486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association of fruits and vegetables (FVs) and their all subgroups intakes with breast cancer (BC) risk in Iranian women. The present case-control study conducted on 150 age-matched women with newly diagnosed BC and apparently healthy controls. Anthropometric measures were collected and eventually, the mean intakes of total FVs and each subgroup were obtained from a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Our findings revealed that the intake of only dark yellow vegetable was significantly higher in BC patients (P = 0.03) after controlling for covariates. OR of BC across tertiles of FVs intake, showed that there was not any statistical association of total FVs (OR: 1.83, CI: 0.54-6.24, P-trend = 0.3) and their subgroups intakes with BC risk. Except for berry fruits intake which was adversely associated with BC risk (OR: 0.36, CI: 0.09-1.37, P-trend = 0.02). Our findings did not support the hypothesis that higher total FVs and their subgroups intakes reduce BC risk and suggested that only higher berry fruits intake may have an association with lower BC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Safabakhsh
- Clinical Nutrition Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Community Nutrition Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Clinical Nutrition Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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12
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Crosby L, Davis B, Joshi S, Jardine M, Paul J, Neola M, Barnard ND. Ketogenic Diets and Chronic Disease: Weighing the Benefits Against the Risks. Front Nutr 2021; 8:702802. [PMID: 34336911 PMCID: PMC8322232 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.702802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets have been long been used to reduce seizure frequency and more recently have been promoted for a variety of health conditions, including obesity, diabetes, and liver disease. Ketogenic diets may provide short-term improvement and aid in symptom management for some chronic diseases. Such diets affect diet quality, typically increasing intake of foods linked to chronic disease risk and decreasing intake of foods found to be protective in epidemiological studies. This review examines the effects of ketogenic diets on common chronic diseases, as well as their impact on diet quality and possible risks associated with their use. Given often-temporary improvements, unfavorable effects on dietary intake, and inadequate data demonstrating long-term safety, for most individuals, the risks of ketogenic diets may outweigh the benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Crosby
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Brenda Davis
- Brenda Davis Nutrition Consulting, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Shivam Joshi
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, New York City Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY, United States
| | - Meghan Jardine
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jennifer Paul
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.,College of Liberal and Professional Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Maggie Neola
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Neal D Barnard
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.,Adjunct Faculty, Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
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13
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Payandeh N, Shahinfar H, Amini MR, Jafari A, Safabakhsh M, Imani H, Shab-Bidar S. The Lack of Association between Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Breast Cancer: a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Clin Nutr Res 2021; 10:115-126. [PMID: 33987138 PMCID: PMC8093083 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2021.10.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our purpose was to assess the association between plant-based dietary patterns and breast cancer (BrCa) among Iranian women. This hospital-based case-control study included 150 newly diagnosed BrCa cases and 150 age-matched controls from the Cancer Research Center, Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. Three indices of a plant-based diet were first calculated: plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthy PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthy PDI (uPDI). In the overall PDI, all plant foods scored positively. In hPDI and uPDI, healthy and less healthy plant foods scored positive, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) in the highest adherence of PDI was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-1.83). In hPDI, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.49-1.62); in uPDI, 1.80 (95% CI, 0.95-3.42). The adjusted OR after subgroup analysis for body mass index (BMI) was as follow, BMI > 25: 0.77(95% CI, 0.37-1.61) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of PDI, 0.91(95% CI, 0.44-1.89) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of hPDI and this value for uPDI was 2.04 (95% CI, 0.91-4.56). BMI < 25: OR for top tertile of PDI was 1.82 (95% CI, 0.48-6.93), top tertile of hPDI was 1.47 (95% CI, 0.35-6.22) and top tertile of uPDI was 2.29 (95% CI, 0.54-9.70). Our results revealed no significant association between none of the PDIs and the chance of BrCa in Iranian women. Continued and expanded research, evaluated by different methods and BrCa is urgently needed to build the foundation for future progress in evidence-based public health efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Payandeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Amini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
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14
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Iron intake with the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women: a case-control study. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5743-5755. [PMID: 33618790 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study evaluated the associations between different forms and sources of Fe and breast cancer risk in Southern Chinese women. DESIGN Case-control study. We collected data on the consumption of Fe from different forms and food sources by using a validated FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to reveal potential associations between Fe intake and breast cancer risk. SETTING A case-control study of women at three major hospitals in Guangzhou, China. PARTICIPANTS From June 2007 to March 2019, 1591 breast cancer cases and 1622 age-matched controls were recruited. RESULTS In quartile analyses, Fe from plants and Fe from white meat intake were inversely associated with breast cancer risk, with OR of 0·65 (95 % CI 0·47, 0·89, Ptrend = 0·006) and 0·76 (95 % CI 0·61, 0·96, Ptrend = 0·014), respectively, comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. No associations were observed between total dietary Fe, heme or non-heme Fe, Fe from meat or red meat and breast cancer risk. RCS analysis demonstrated J-shaped associations between total dietary Fe, non-heme Fe and breast cancer, and reverse L-shaped associations between heme Fe, Fe from meat and Fe from red meat and breast cancer. CONCLUSION Fe from plants and white meat were inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Significant non-linear J-shaped associations were found between total dietary Fe, non-heme Fe and breast cancer risk, and reverse L-shaped associations were found between heme Fe, Fe from meat or red meat and breast cancer risk.
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15
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Kronsteiner-Gicevic S, Mou Y, Bromage S, Fung TT, Willett W. Development of a Diet Quality Screener for Global Use: Evaluation in a Sample of US Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:854-871.e6. [PMID: 33602635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid and efficient tools for measuring and tracking diet quality globally are lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate a new tool for rapid and cost-efficient diet quality assessment. DESIGN Two screener versions were designed using Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), one in a 24-hour recall (PDQS-24HR) and another in a 30-day (PDQS-30D) food frequency format. Participants completed two 24-hour diet recalls using the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) and 2 web-based diet quality questionnaires 7 to 30 days apart in April and May 2019. Both dichotomous/trichotomous and granular scoring versions were tried for each screener. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING The study included 290 nonpregnant, nonlactating US women (mean age ± standard deviation 41 ± 11 years) recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were Spearman rank correlation coefficients and linear regression beta-coefficients between ASA24 nutrient intakes from foods and beverages and PDQS values. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED The Spearman rank correlation and linear regression were used to evaluate associations of the PDQS values with ASA24 nutrient intakes from food, both crude and energy-adjusted. Correlations were de-attenuated for within-person variation in 24-hour recalls. Wolfe's test was used to compare correlations of the 2 screening instruments (PDQS-24HR and PDQS-30D) with the ASA24. Associations between the ASA24 Healthy Eating Index 2015 and the PDQS values were also evaluated. RESULTS Positive, statistically significant rank correlations between the PDQS-24HR values and energy-adjusted nutrients from ASA24 for fiber (r = 0.53), magnesium (r = 0.51), potassium (r = 0.48), vitamin E (r = 0.40), folate (r = 0.37), vitamin C (r = 0.36), vitamin A (r = 0.33), vitamin B6 (r = 0.31), zinc (r = 0.25), and iron (r = 0.21); and inverse correlations for saturated fatty acids (r = -0.19), carbohydrates (r = -0.22), and added sugar (r = -0.34) were observed. Correlations of nutrient intakes assessed by ASA24 with the PDQS-30D were not significantly different from those with the PDQS-24HR. Positive, statistically significant correlations between the ASA24 Healthy Eating Index 2015 and the PDQS-24HR (r = 0.61) and the PDQS-30D (r = 0.60) were also found. CONCLUSIONS The results of an initial evaluation of the PDQS-based diet quality screeners are promising. Correlations and associations between the PDQS values and nutrient intakes were of acceptable strength and in the expected directions, and the PDQS values had moderately strong correlations with the total Healthy Eating Index 2015 score. Future work should include evaluating the screeners in other population groups, including men, and piloting it across low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Kronsteiner-Gicevic
- (1)The London Centre for Integrative Research on Agriculture and Health, London, UK; (2)Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
| | - Yuchan Mou
- (3)Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabri Bromage
- (2)Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Teresa T Fung
- (2)Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; (4)Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA
| | - Walter Willett
- (2)Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; (5)Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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16
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Đokić M, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Luburić ĐB, Varga I, Hruškar M. Dietary exposure of the adult Croatian population to meat, liver and meat products from the Croatian market: Health risk assessment. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Lee JE. Diet Before and After Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1187:545-566. [PMID: 33983599 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9620-6_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer has dramatically increased recently in several Asian countries. This region has experienced rapid economic growth and demographic and environmental changes. Breast cancer rates vary substantially among countries, with a lower incidence in developing countries than that in Western countries. Given the upward trend of breast cancer incidence in Asian countries and the large variation in incidence around the world, dietary changes may contribute to breast cancer development. In particular, nutrients and foods from animal sources have drawn attention as potential causes of breast cancer given that obesity and energy balance appear to be important factors associated with breast cancer risk. However, prospective cohort and intervention studies do not support the hypothesis that diet in middle life influences breast cancer development. However, recent studies have provided better insight into the roles of dietary factors in specific types of breast cancers, such as estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer. Some studies suggest that diet in early life may play a substantial role in breast cancer development, but data and evidence remain limited.Although etiologic and epidemiologic studies have long studied modifiable risk factors for breast cancer incidence, much remains to be explored regarding the role of diet after a breast cancer diagnosis. Several epidemiologic studies have explored the factors that improve breast cancer survival rates, including diet, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). While there is evidence of the effect of BMI on breast cancer mortality, the effects of changing dietary habits after a breast cancer diagnosis on survival or recurrence are less clear. A report of the World Cancer Research Fund stated that evidence was not sufficient to draw firm conclusions about the effect of diet and nutrition on breast cancer prognosis, but it did suggest a link between diet and breast cancer survival.The global burden of breast cancer is increasing and breast cancer is a major and emerging health problem in both developed and developing countries. For example, the five-year survival rate for Korean breast cancer patients has improved from 78.0% in 1993-1995 to 92.7% in 2012-2016. This improvement emphasizes the importance of supportive care, diet, and quality of life for breast cancer survivors. However, we have limited data of non-Western breast cancer survivors. There is a need to examine the role of diet in breast cancer survival in both Western and non-Western regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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18
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Naghshi S, Sadeghian M, Nasiri M, Mobarak S, Asadi M, Sadeghi O. Association of Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption with Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:793-808. [PMID: 33307550 PMCID: PMC8166551 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the association of nut intake with risk of cancer and its mortality are conflicting. Although previous meta-analyses summarized available findings in this regard, some limitations may distort their findings. Moreover, none of these meta-analyses examined the dose-response associations of total nut intake with the risk of specific cancers as well as associations between specific types of nuts and cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize available findings on the associations of total nut (tree nuts and peanuts), tree nut (walnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, cashews, almonds, hazelnuts, and Brazil nuts), peanut (whole peanuts without considering peanut butter), and peanut butter consumption with risk of cancer and its mortality by considering the above-mentioned points. We searched the online databases until March 2020 to identify eligible articles. In total, 43 articles on cancer risk and 9 articles on cancer mortality were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The summary effect size (ES) for risk of cancer, comparing the highest with lowest intakes of total nuts, was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.92, P < 0.001, I2 = 58.1%; P < 0.01), indicating a significant inverse association. Such a significant inverse association was also seen for tree nut intake (pooled ES: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96, P < 0.01, I2 = 15.8%; P = 0.28). Based on the dose-response analysis, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with 3%, 6%, and 25% lower risks of overall, pancreatic, and colon cancers, respectively. In terms of cancer mortality, we found 13%, 18%, and 8% risk reductions with higher intakes of total nuts, tree nuts, and peanuts, respectively. In addition, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with a 4% lower risk of cancer mortality. In conclusion, our findings support the protective association between total nut and tree nut intake and the risk of cancer and its mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghian
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mobarak
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
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19
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Kang JH, Peng C, Rhee JJ, Farvid MS, Willett WC, Hu FB, Rosner BA, Tamimi R, Eliassen AH. Prospective study of a diabetes risk reduction diet and the risk of breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1492-1503. [PMID: 33022701 PMCID: PMC7727476 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia and higher insulin-like growth factors may increase breast cancer risk. We evaluated a diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and breast cancer risk. OBJECTIVES We prospectively evaluated the association between adherence to a DRRD and the incidence of breast cancer. METHODS We followed 88,739 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1980-2016) and 93,915 women from the NHSII (1991-2017). Incident breast cancer cases (n = 11,943) were confirmed with medical records, and subtypes were determined by tissue microarray data and pathology reports. Information on diet and breast cancer risk factors was repeatedly ascertained in follow-up questionnaires. A DRRD score was derived with 9 factors: lower glycemic index of diet; lower intakes of trans fat, sugar-sweetened beverages/fruit juices, and red/processed meat; higher intakes of cereal fiber, coffee, nuts, and whole fruits; and a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat (score range: 9-45). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (MVHRs) and 95% CIs were calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Being in the highest compared with the lowest DRRD adherence quintile was associated with a modestly lower breast cancer risk (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.95; P-trend = 0.0002); this was attenuated after adjusting for weight change since age 18 y (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.98; P-trend = 0.01). The inverse association was strongest among women with current BMI < 25 kg/m2 (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.98; P-trend = 0.004; P-interaction = 0.04). Among tumor molecular subtypes, the strongest inverse association was observed with basal-type tumors (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.01; P-trend = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Greater DRRD-adherence was associated with lower breast cancer risk, likely mediated by less weight gain with a DRRD; however, independently of weight change, DRRD-adherence was modestly associated with lower breast cancer risk, particularly among lean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Address correspondence to JHK (e-mail: )
| | - Cheng Peng
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinnie J Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maryam S Farvid
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rulla Tamimi
- Present address for RT: Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Racial differences in prostate cancer: does timing of puberty play a role? Br J Cancer 2020; 123:349-354. [PMID: 32439935 PMCID: PMC7403332 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of prostate cancer has a remarkably disproportionate distribution across racial groups. For example, in the USA, African Americans are twice as likely as individuals of European ancestry to develop or die from prostate cancer, and have a more aggressive disease nature at diagnosis. In contrast, Asian American men have the lowest incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer. That considerable racial disparities exist even in the subclinical stage of prostate cancer among young men in their 20–30s suggests that patterns of prostate carcinogenesis start to diverge even earlier, perhaps during puberty, when the prostate matures at its most rapid rate. Mendelian randomisation studies have provided strong population-based evidence supporting the hypothesis that earlier onset of puberty increases the risk of prostate cancer—particularly of high grade—and prostate cancer-specific mortality later in life, observations which correspond to the epidemiology of the disease in African Americans. Notably, African American boys initiate genital development ~1 year earlier and thus go through longer periods of pubertal maturation compared with European American boys. In this perspective, bringing together existing evidence, we point to puberty as a potential critical window of increased susceptibility to prostate carcinogenesis that could account for the marked prevailing racial differences in the burden of prostate cancer.
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21
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Nodler JL, Harris HR, Chavarro JE, Frazier AL, Missmer SA. Dairy consumption during adolescence and endometriosis risk. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 222:257.e1-257.e16. [PMID: 31526789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modifiable risk factors such as diet may be important in both the etiology and progression of endometriosis as well as the prevalence of pain symptoms and infertility associated with this condition. In adults, higher intake of dairy has been associated with a lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis. There is currently no literature on whether dairy intake during adolescence, a potentially critical window of exposure, influences endometriosis risk. OBJECTIVE The objectige of the study was to evaluate the association between consumption of dairy foods in adolescence and the risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study, the Nurses' Health Study II, which has prospectively collected data since 1989. In 1998, when participants were aged 34-51 years, they completed a 124 item food frequency questionnaire about their high school diet. Cases were defined as those who self-reported laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between dairy foods and laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. RESULTS Among women who completed the questionnaire about their high school diet in 1998, 581 cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were diagnosed among 32,868 premenopausal women from 1998 to 2013. Women who consumed more than 4 servings per day of dairy foods during adolescence had a 32% lower risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis during adulthood (95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.96; Ptrend = .04) compared with women consuming 1 or fewer servings per day. The association was similar for low-fat and high-fat dairy foods. Yogurt and ice cream consumption, specifically, were associated with a lower risk of endometriosis. Those who consumed 2 or more servings of yogurt per week as an adolescent had a 29% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.97; Ptrend = .02) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week. In addition, women who consumed 1 or more servings per day of ice cream per day during adolescence had a 38% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.94; Ptrend = .20) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dairy consumption, specifically yogurt and ice cream intake, in adolescence may reduce the risk of subsequent endometriosis diagnosis. Future studies in adolescent populations are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Nodler
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Houston IVF, Houston, TX
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - A Lindsay Frazier
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Dana-Farber Children's Cancer Care, Boston, MA
| | - Stacey A Missmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI
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Sanagoo A, Kiani F, Saei Gharenaz M, Sayehmiri F, Koohi F, Jouybari L, Dousti M. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of serum and tumor tissue iron and risk of breast cancer. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:1-11. [PMID: 32042380 PMCID: PMC6992715 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have investigated the effects of iron on breast carcinogenesis and reported different findings about the association between Fe and breast cancer risk. This study was conducted to estimate this effect using meta-analysis method. METHODS A total of 20 articles published between 1984 and 2017 worldwide were selected through searching PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Keywords such Breast Cancer, Neoplasm, Trace elements, Iron, Breast tissue concentration, Plasma concentration, Scalp hair concentration, toenail concentration and their combination were used in the search. RESULTS The total number of participants was 4,110 individuals comprising 1,624 patients with breast cancer and 2,486 healthy subjects. Fe concentration was measured in the various subgroups in both case and control groups. There were significant correlations between Fe concentration and breast cancer in breast tissue subgroup (SMD: 0.67 [95% CI: 0.17 to 1.17; P=0.009]). Whereas, there was no meaningful difference in Fe status between women with and without breast cancer related to scalp hair and plasma subgroups; (SMD: -3.74 [95% CI: -7.58 to 0.10; P=0.056] and (SMD:-1.14[95% CI: -2.30 to 0.03; P=0.055], respectively. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis indicated a positive and straight association between iron concentrations and risk of breast cancer but because of high heterogeneity we recommend more accurate future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Sanagoo
- Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Marzieh Saei Gharenaz
- Students Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Student Research Committee, Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Koohi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Leila Jouybari
- Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majjid Dousti
- Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Breast cancer prevention in premenopausal women: role of the Mediterranean diet and its components. Nutr Res Rev 2019; 33:19-32. [PMID: 31571551 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422419000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a growing public health concern in most developed and developing countries. Since an increasing number of patients with BC are diagnosed before the menopause and premenopausal women show a more aggressive phenotype, there is consistent interest in promoting prevention strategies in order to reduce the incidence of BC in the premenopause. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been reported to have beneficial effect in terms of cancer prevention. This healthy dietary pattern consists primarily of foods having important antioxidant properties along with a favourable fatty acid profile, all associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Due to the large variability in study subject characteristics, the protective role of the MD on BC still remains controversial and studies that have investigated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of BC in premenopausal women are fewer than those in postmenopausal women. In addition, the possibility that the beneficial effects of the MD are due to a single component or might more probably derive from the synergic effects of all components of the MD remains a scantly explored field. Considering the increased risk of recurrence and mortality rate of BC in premenopausal women as compared with postmenopausal women, the aim of the present report is to provide a general overview of the current evidence on the relationship between BC and the MD specifically in premenopausal women, and to emphasise the potential role of the MD as an effective measure to reduce the risk of developing BC in premenopausal women.
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24
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Leroy F, Cofnas N. Should dietary guidelines recommend low red meat intake? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2763-2772. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1657063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Leroy
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, B-1050, Belgium
| | - Nathan Cofnas
- Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3BJ, UK
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25
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The association of red meat intake with inflammation and circulating intermediate biomarkers of type 2 diabetes is mediated by central adiposity. Br J Nutr 2019; 125:1043-1050. [PMID: 31434580 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We explored the role of lipid accumulation products and visceral adiposity on the association between red meat consumption (RMC) and markers of insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation in USA adults. Data on RMC and health outcome measurements were extracted from the 2005-2010 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Overall 16 621 participants were included in the analysis (mean age = 47·1 years, 48·3 % men). ANCOVA and 'conceptus causal mediation' models were applied while accounting for survey design. In adjusted models, a lower RMC was significantly associated with a cardio-protective profile of IR and inflammation. BMI had significant mediation effects on the association between RMC and C-reactive protein (CRP), apo B, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homoeostatic model assessment of IR and β-cell function, glycated Hb (HbA1c), TAG:HDL ratio and TAG glucose (TyG) index (all Ps < 0·05). Both waist circumference and anthropometrically predicted visceral adipose tissue mediated the association between RMC and CRP, FBG, HbA1c, TAG:HDL ratio and TyG index (all Ps < 0·05). Our findings suggest that adiposity, particularly the accumulation of abdominal fat, accounts for a significant proportion of the associations between red meat consumption, IR and inflammation.
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26
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Zur Hausen H, Bund T, de Villiers EM. Infectious Agents in Bovine Red Meat and Milk and Their Potential Role in Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 407:83-116. [PMID: 28349283 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Red meat and dairy products have frequently been suggested to represent risk factors for certain cancers, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. This review summarizes the evidence and investigates the possible involvement of infectious factors in these diseases. The isolation of small circular single-stranded DNA molecules from serum and dairy products of Eurasian Aurochs (Bos taurus)-derived cattle, obviously persisting as episomes in infected cells, provides the basis for further investigations. Gene expression of these agents in human cells has been demonstrated, and frequent infection of humans is implicated by the detection of antibodies in a high percentage of healthy individuals. Epidemiological observations suggest their relationship to the development multiple sclerosis, to heterophile antibodies, and to N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) containing cell surface receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Zur Hausen
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Timo Bund
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Chang VC, Cotterchio M, Khoo E. Iron intake, body iron status, and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:543. [PMID: 31170936 PMCID: PMC6555759 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron has been shown to promote breast carcinogenesis in animal models through generation of oxidative stress and interaction with estrogen. Heme iron, which is found exclusively in animal-sourced foods, is suggested to have a more detrimental effect. Epidemiological evidence of the association between iron and breast cancer risk remains inconclusive and has not been comprehensively summarized. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated associations between both iron intake and body iron status and breast cancer risk. METHODS Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus) were searched up to December 2018 for studies assessing iron intake and/or biomarkers of iron status in relation to breast cancer risk. Using random-effects meta-analyses, pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated comparing the highest vs. lowest category of each iron measure. Dose-response meta-analyses were also performed to investigate linear and nonlinear associations. RESULTS A total of 27 studies were included in the review, of which 23 were eligible for meta-analysis of one or more iron intake/status measures. Comparing the highest vs. lowest category, heme iron intake was significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk, with a pooled RR of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.04-1.22), whereas no associations were found for dietary (1.01, 95% CI: 0.89-1.15), supplemental (1.02, 95% CI: 0.91-1.13), or total (0.97, 95% CI: 0.82-1.14) iron intake. Associations of iron status indicators with breast cancer risk were generally in the positive direction; however, a significant pooled RR was found only for serum/plasma levels (highest vs. lowest) of iron (1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.47), but not for ferritin (1.13, 95% CI: 0.78-1.62), transferrin saturation (1.16, 95% CI: 0.91-1.47), or total iron-binding capacity (1.10, 95% CI: 0.97-1.25). In addition, a nonlinear dose-response was observed for heme iron intake and serum iron (both Pnonlinearity < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Heme iron intake and serum iron levels may be positively associated with breast cancer risk. Although associations were modest, these findings may have public health implications given the widespread consumption of (heme) iron-rich foods. In light of methodological and research gaps identified, further research is warranted to better elucidate the relationship between iron and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky C Chang
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada. .,Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2L7, Canada.
| | - Michelle Cotterchio
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.,Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2L7, Canada
| | - Edwin Khoo
- Analytics and Informatics, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
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28
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Yaghjyan L, Colditz G, Rosner B, Rich S, Egan K, Tamimi RM. Adolescent caffeine consumption and mammographic breast density in premenopausal women. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1633-1639. [PMID: 31152213 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies suggest that coffee and caffeine intake may be associated with reduced breast cancer risk. To date, there is limited and inconsistent epidemiologic evidence for associations of adolescent diet with mammographic breast density, a strong and consistent predictor of breast cancer. We investigated the association of adolescent caffeine intake with mammographic density in premenopausal women. METHODS This study included 751 cancer-free women within the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. Percent breast density (PD), absolute dense (DA) and non-dense areas (NDA) were measured from digitized film mammograms using a computer-assisted thresholding technique; all measures were square root-transformed. Energy-adjusted adolescent caffeine intake was estimated using the data from a food frequency questionnaire. Information regarding breast cancer risk factors was obtained from questionnaires closest to the mammogram date. We used generalized linear regression to quantify associations of caffeine intake with breast density measures. RESULTS In multivariable analyses, adolescent caffeine intake was not associated with any of the density phenotypes (caffeine 4th vs. 1st quartile: β = - 1.27, 95% CI - 4.62; 2.09, p-trend = 0.55 for percent density; β = - 0.21, 95% CI - 0.76, 0.34, p-trend = 0.65 for absolute dense area, and β = 0.23, 95% CI - 0.28, 0.74, p-trend = 0.50 for non-dense area). Additional adjustment of the models for body mass index at age 18 resulted in attenuation of the risk estimates. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support the hypothesis that adolescent caffeine intake is associated with premenopausal mammographic breast density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Graham Colditz
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannan Rich
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kathleen Egan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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Farvid MS, Eliassen AH, Cho E, Chen WY, Willett WC. Dairy Consumption in Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 27:575-584. [PMID: 29716928 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carcinogenic exposure in early life may be critical for subsequent breast cancer risk. Dairy consumption was examined during adolescence and early adulthood in relation to incident breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort.Methods: For the analyses of early adulthood dairy consumption, we included 90,503 premenopausal women ages 27 to 44 years in 1991 who reported dairy consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. From 1991 to 2013, 3,191 invasive breast cancer cases were identified. In 1998, 44,264 women recalled adolescent dairy consumption. This subgroup of women was followed up from 1998 to 2013; 1,318 invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard regression.Results: Adolescent and early adulthood total dairy consumption was not associated with overall breast cancer risk (each serving/day during adolescence, total dairy HR = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.97-1.07; for early adulthood total dairy HR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.97-1.04), as were intakes of calcium, vitamin D, and lactose. Adolescent consumption of total and high-fat dairy was associated with higher risk of estrogen and progesterone receptor negative (each serving/day: total dairy HR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.00-1.24; high-fat dairy HR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.04-1.31). However, higher adolescent high-fat dairy consumption was associated with lower risk of estrogen and progesterone receptor positive tumors (each serving/day HR = 0.91, 95% CI, 0.86-0.97).Conclusions: Our results suggest no overall association between dairy consumption during adolescence or early adulthood and breast cancer risk, but the findings may differ by hormone receptor status of tumors.Impact: Dairy consumption in adolescence or early adulthood may not be a significant predictor of breast cancer incidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(5); 575-84. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam S Farvid
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Wendy Y Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Abstract
The role of diet on breast cancer risk is not well elucidated but animal food sources may play a role through, for example, the pathway of the insulin-like growth factor 1 system or cholesterol metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between animal foods and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. This study was embedded in the Rotterdam Study, a population-based prospective cohort study of subjects aged 55 years and over (61 % female). Dietary intake of different animal foods was assessed at baseline using a validated FFQ and adjusted for energy intake using the residual method. We performed Cox proportional hazards modelling to analyse the association between the intake of the different food sources and breast cancer risk after adjustment for socio-demographic, lifestyle and metabolic factors. During a median follow-up of 17 years, we identified 199 cases of breast cancer (6·2 %) among 3209 women. After adjustment for multiple confounders, no consistent association was found between the intake of red meat intake, poultry, fish or dairy products and breast cancer risk. However, we found that egg intake was significantly associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratioQ4 v. Q1: 1·83; 95 % CI 1·20, 2·79; Ptrend=0·01). In conclusion, this study found that dietary egg intake but no other animal foods was associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Further research on the potential mechanisms underlying this association is warranted.
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Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, Springmann M, Lang T, Vermeulen S, Garnett T, Tilman D, DeClerck F, Wood A, Jonell M, Clark M, Gordon LJ, Fanzo J, Hawkes C, Zurayk R, Rivera JA, De Vries W, Majele Sibanda L, Afshin A, Chaudhary A, Herrero M, Agustina R, Branca F, Lartey A, Fan S, Crona B, Fox E, Bignet V, Troell M, Lindahl T, Singh S, Cornell SE, Srinath Reddy K, Narain S, Nishtar S, Murray CJL. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet 2019; 393:447-492. [PMID: 30660336 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3503] [Impact Index Per Article: 700.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Willett
- Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johan Rockström
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brent Loken
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; EAT, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marco Springmann
- Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Food and Centre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Lang
- Centre for Food Policy, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeulen
- World Wide Fund for Nature International, Gland, Switzerland; Hoffmann Centre for Sustainable Resource Economy, Chatham House, London, UK
| | - Tara Garnett
- Food Climate Research Network, Environmental Change Institute and Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Tilman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Fabrice DeClerck
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; EAT, Oslo, Norway; Bioversity International, CGIAR, Montpellier, France
| | - Amanda Wood
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; EAT, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Michael Clark
- Natural Resources Science and Management, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Jessica Fanzo
- Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Berman Institute of Bioethics and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA
| | - Corinna Hawkes
- Centre for Food Policy, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Rami Zurayk
- Department of Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Juan A Rivera
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Wim De Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Ashkan Afshin
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Abhishek Chaudhary
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Mario Herrero
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rina Agustina
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Francesco Branca
- Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lartey
- Nutrition and Food Systems Division, Economic and Social Development Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, Rome, Italy
| | - Shenggen Fan
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Fox
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA
| | | | - Max Troell
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Therese Lindahl
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudhvir Singh
- EAT, Oslo, Norway; University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Sunita Narain
- Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi, India
| | - Sania Nishtar
- Heartfile, Islamabad, Pakistan; WHO High Level Commission on NCDs, Geneva Switzerland; Chairperson Benazir Income Support Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Haraldsdottir A, Torfadottir JE, Valdimarsdottir UA, Adami HO, Aspelund T, Tryggvadottir L, Thordardottir M, Birgisdottir BE, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Steingrimsdottir L. Dietary habits in adolescence and midlife and risk of breast cancer in older women. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198017. [PMID: 29847592 PMCID: PMC5976175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that lifestyle factors in early life affect breast cancer risk. We therefore explored the association of high consumption of meat, milk, and whole grain products in adolescence and midlife, on breast cancer risk. We used data from the population based AGES-Reykjavik cohort (2002–2006), where 3,326 women with a mean age of 77 years (SD 6.0) participated. For food items and principal component derived dietary patterns we used Cox proportional models to calculate multivariate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). During a mean follow-up of 8.8 years, 97 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. For both adolescence and midlife, daily consumption of rye bread was positively associated with breast cancer (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.6 and HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9, respectively). In contrast, persistent high consumption of oatmeal was negatively associated with breast cancer (0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.9). No association was found for other food items or dietary patterns that included rye bread. High rye bread consumption in adolescence and midlife may increase risk of late-life breast cancer whilst persistent consumption of oatmeal may reduce the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfheidur Haraldsdottir
- Faculty of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- * E-mail:
| | - Johanna E. Torfadottir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur A. Valdimarsdottir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Laufey Tryggvadottir
- The Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Bryndis E. Birgisdottir
- Faculty of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Unit for Nutrition Research, University of Iceland and Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Laufey Steingrimsdottir
- Faculty of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Unit for Nutrition Research, University of Iceland and Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Taha Z, Eltom SE. The Role of Diet and Lifestyle in Women with Breast Cancer: An Update Review of Related Research in the Middle East. Biores Open Access 2018; 7:73-80. [PMID: 29862141 PMCID: PMC5982158 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2018.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among Arab women in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). The incidence of breast cancer has substantially increased in recent years among this women population, especially those younger than 50, and the incidence is expected to double by 2030. Considerable experimental evidence supports the potential role of dietary habits and lifestyle in cancer etiology and cancer prevention. In this review we examined the literature for evidence to link dietary choices and the rise in incidence and mortality of breast cancer among women in EMR. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE databases up to December 2017. The search terms used are breast cancer prevalence, breast cancer incidence worldwide, breast cancer and: nutrition, protein intake, vitamin D intake, fat intake, phytoestrogens, EMR, Arab, Middle East, Gulf countries, the UAE Arab women, breast cancer risk, diet, and chemoprevention. We found evidence to suggest that there is an alarming epidemic of obesity among women in most of the EMR countries, especially Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The rise in the new breast cancer cases among women could be attributed to excess body weight. Their dietary pattern, which correlates with obesity, can be an important factor in the etiology of cancer. Although very few studies were found to support a direct causal relationship between obesity and breast cancer in the EMR, circumstantial evidence clearly points to the possible role of the epidemic, obesity, in this population and the startling rise in cases of breast cancer. Well-designed and systematic studies are urgently needed to confirm these associations and to elucidate potential mechanisms. More urgently, calls to action are needed in many sectors and at all levels of society, to establish intensive strategies for reducing obesity and promoting an overall healthy diet. Continued and expanded research on diet, lifestyle, and breast cancer risk is urgently needed to build the foundation for future progress in evidence-based public health efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Taha
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sakina E Eltom
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee.,Center for Women's Health Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
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Boldo E, Castelló A, Aragonés N, Amiano P, Pérez-Gómez B, Castaño-Vinyals G, Martín V, Guevara M, Urtiaga C, Dierssen-Sotos T, Fernández-Tardón G, Moreno V, Solans M, Peiró R, Capelo R, Gómez-Acebo I, Castilla J, Molina AJ, Castells X, Altzibar JM, Lope V, Kogevinas M, Romieu I, Pollán M. Meat intake, methods and degrees of cooking and breast cancer risk in the MCC-Spain study. Maturitas 2018; 110:62-70. [PMID: 29563037 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the relationship of the risk of breast cancer (BC) to meat intake, preference regarding degree of cooking ('doneness') and cooking methods, using data from a population-based case-control study (MCC-Spain). STUDY DESIGN 1006 Histologically confirmed incident BC cases and 1370 controls were recruited in 10 Spanish provinces. Participants were 23-85 years old. They answered an epidemiological survey and a food frequency questionnaire. BC risk was assessed overall, by menopausal status and by pathological subtypes, using logistic and multinomial regression mixed models adjusted for known confounding factors and including province as a random effects term. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Breast cancer and pathological subtype. RESULTS High total intake of meat (ORQ4-Q1 (95% IC) = 1.39 (1.03-1.88)) was associated with increased BC risk among post-menopausal women. Similar results were found for processed/cured meat (ORQ4-Q1 (95% IC) = 1.47 (1.10-1.97)), and this association was particularly strong for triple-negative tumours (ER-, PR- and HER2-) (ORQ4-Q1 (95% IC) = 2.52 (1.15-5.49)). Intakes of well-done (ORwell-donevsrare (95% CI) = 1.62 (1.15-2.30)) and stewed (OR (95% CI) = 1.49 (1.20-1.84)) red meat were associated with increased BC risk, with a high risk observed for HR+ tumours (ER+/PR+ and HER2-). Pan-fried/bread-coated fried white meat, but not doneness preference, was associated with an increased BC risk for all women (OR (95% CI) = 1.38 (1.14-1.65)), with a stronger association for pre-menopausal women (OR (95% CI) = 1.78 (1.29-2.46)). CONCLUSION The risk of developing BC could be reduced by moderating the consumption of well-done or stewed red meat, pan-fried/bread-coated fried white meat and, especially, processed/cured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boldo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adela Castelló
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Paseo Dr Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud, Universidad de León, Campus Vegazana, s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Early Detection Section, Public Health Institute of Navarre, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Urtiaga
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Paseo Dr Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología IUOPA, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Planta 7, Campus de El Cristo B, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Victor Moreno
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL, Gran Via, 199-203, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge, Pavelló de Govern, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Barcelona, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Marta Solans
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain; Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.
| | - Rosanna Peiró
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana FISABIO-Salud Pública, Valencia. Avda. Cataluña, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rocio Capelo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Research in Health and Environment (CYSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Campus Universitario de El Carmen, 21071, Huelva, Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Early Detection Section, Public Health Institute of Navarre, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Antonio José Molina
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud, Universidad de León, Campus Vegazana, s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Xavier Castells
- Departments of Epidemiology and Evaluation-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Av. Universitat Autònoma, 20, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jone M Altzibar
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Breast Cancer Screening Program, Osakidetza-Health Basque Region Service, Avenida Navarra, 4, 20013, San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10, 08002 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France.
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Manuel de Falla 1, 28222 Madrid, Spain.
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Clarke MA, Joshu CE. Early Life Exposures and Adult Cancer Risk. Epidemiol Rev 2018; 39:11-27. [PMID: 28407101 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about the influence of early life exposures on adult cancer risk. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the epidemiologic evidence relating early life tobacco use, obesity, diet, and physical activity to adult cancer risk; describe relevant theoretical frameworks and methodological strategies for studying early life exposures; and discuss policies and research initiatives focused on early life. Our findings suggest that in utero exposures may indirectly influence cancer risk by modifying biological pathways associated with carcinogenesis; however, more research is needed to firmly establish these associations. Initiation of exposures during childhood and adolescence may impact cancer risk by increasing duration and lifetime exposure to carcinogens and/or by acting during critical developmental periods. To expand the evidence base, we encourage the use of life course frameworks, causal inference methods such as Mendelian randomization, and statistical approaches such as group-based trajectory modeling in future studies. Further, we emphasize the need for objective exposure biomarkers and valid surrogate endpoints to reduce misclassification. With the exception of tobacco use, there is insufficient evidence to support the development of new cancer prevention policies; however, we highlight existing policies that may reduce the burden of these modifiable risk factors in early life.
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Chan MQ, Blum AE, Chandar AK, Emmons AMLK, Shindo Y, Brock W, Falk GW, Canto MI, Wang JS, Iyer PG, Shaheen NJ, Grady WM, Abrams JA, Thota PN, Guda KK, Chak A. Association of sporadic and familial Barrett's esophagus with breast cancer. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:doy007. [PMID: 29528378 PMCID: PMC6005759 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Based on striking aggregation of breast cancer and BE/EAC within families as well as shared risk factors and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, we hypothesized that BE may be associated with breast cancer. Pedigree analysis of families identified prospectively at multiple academic centers as part of the Familial Barrett's Esophagus Consortium (FBEC) was reviewed and families with aggregation of BE/EAC and breast cancer are reported. Additionally, using a matched case-control study design, we compared newly diagnosed BE cases in Caucasian females with breast cancer (cases) to Caucasian females without breast cancer (controls) who had undergone upper endoscopy (EGD). Two familial pedigrees, meeting a stringent inclusion criterion, manifested familial aggregation of BE/EAC and breast cancer in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance. From January 2008 to October 2016, 2812 breast cancer patient charts were identified, of which 213 were Caucasian females who underwent EGD. Six of 213 (2.82%) patients with breast cancer had pathology-confirmed BE, compared to 1 of 241 (0.41%) controls (P-value < 0.05). Selected families with BE/EAC show segregation of breast cancer. A breast cancer diagnosis is marginally associated with BE. We postulate a common susceptibility between BE/EAC and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Chan
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A E Blum
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A K Chandar
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Y Shindo
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W Brock
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - G W Falk
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M I Canto
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J S Wang
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - P G Iyer
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - N J Shaheen
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - W M Grady
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - J A Abrams
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - P N Thota
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - K K Guda
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A Chak
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio,Address correspondence to: Amitabh Chak, Professor of Medicine, Director,
Clinical Research, Division of Gastroenterology, Wearn 242, University Hospitals Cleveland
Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Seiler A, Chen MA, Brown RL, Fagundes CP. Obesity, Dietary Factors, Nutrition, and Breast Cancer Risk. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2018; 10:14-27. [PMID: 30662586 PMCID: PMC6335046 DOI: 10.1007/s12609-018-0264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To synthesize the critical role of obesity-associated inflammation, dietary factors, and nutrition in determining breast cancer risk. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity-associated inflammation is strongly linked to breast cancer risk and progression, largely via two processes: inflammatory pathways and dysregulated metabolism. Cytokine production in excess adipose tissues creates a chronic inflammatory microenvironment, which favors tumor development. Lifestyle factors, including diet, have long been recognized as important determinants of breast cancer risk and mortality. SUMMARY Obesity increases the risk of developing breast cancer in both pre- and postmenopausal women and also negatively affects breast cancer recurrence and survival. Poor dietary habits characterized by the high intake of refined starches, sugar, and both saturated and trans-saturated fats, as well as the low intake of omega-3 fatty acids, natural antioxidants, and fiber, modulate inflammation and, thereby, appear to be linked to increased risk of breast cancer and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Seiler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 18, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ryan L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Mehta LS, Watson KE, Barac A, Beckie TM, Bittner V, Cruz-Flores S, Dent S, Kondapalli L, Ky B, Okwuosa T, Piña IL, Volgman AS. Cardiovascular Disease and Breast Cancer: Where These Entities Intersect: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2018; 137:e30-e66. [PMID: 29437116 PMCID: PMC6722327 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in women, yet many people perceive breast cancer to be the number one threat to women's health. CVD and breast cancer have several overlapping risk factors, such as obesity and smoking. Additionally, current breast cancer treatments can have a negative impact on cardiovascular health (eg, left ventricular dysfunction, accelerated CVD), and for women with pre-existing CVD, this might influence cancer treatment decisions by both the patient and the provider. Improvements in early detection and treatment of breast cancer have led to an increasing number of breast cancer survivors who are at risk of long-term cardiac complications from cancer treatments. For older women, CVD poses a greater mortality threat than breast cancer itself. This is the first scientific statement from the American Heart Association on CVD and breast cancer. This document will provide a comprehensive overview of the prevalence of these diseases, shared risk factors, the cardiotoxic effects of therapy, and the prevention and treatment of CVD in breast cancer patients.
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Dietary iron intake and breast cancer risk: modulation by an antioxidant supplementation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79008-79016. [PMID: 27738321 PMCID: PMC5346694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental results suggested that iron-induced lipid peroxidation may explain the direct associations observed between red/processed meat intakes and colorectal and breast cancer risk. However, epidemiological evidence is lacking. Thus, we investigated the association between dietary iron intake and breast cancer risk, and its potential modulation by an antioxidant supplementation and lipid intake. This prospective study included 4646 women from the SU.VI.MAX trial (daily low-dose antioxidants vs. placebo). 188 incident breast cancers were diagnosed (median follow-up=12.6y). Dietary iron intake was assessed using repeated 24h dietary records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were computed. Dietary iron intake was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (HRT3vs.T1=1.67 (1.02-2.71), P-trend=0.04). This association was observed in the placebo group (HRT3vs.T1=2.80 (1.42-5.54), P-trend=0.003), but not in the antioxidant-supplemented group (P-trend=0.7, P-interaction=0.1). Besides, in the placebo group, the increased breast cancer risk associated with dietary iron intake was more specifically observed in women with higher lipid intake (P-trend=0.046). These findings suggest that dietary iron intake may be associated with an increased breast cancer risk, especially in women who did not received antioxidants during the trial and who consumed more lipids. This supports the experimental results suggesting that breast cancer risk may be increased by iron-induced lipid peroxidation.
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Zhu Y, Aupperlee MD, Haslam SZ, Schwartz RC. Pubertally Initiated High-Fat Diet Promotes Mammary Tumorigenesis in Obesity-Prone FVB Mice Similarly to Obesity-Resistant BALB/c Mice. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:928-935. [PMID: 29024822 PMCID: PMC5704096 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Premenopausal breast cancer is associated with increased animal fat consumption among normal-weight but not overweight women. Our previous findings in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice showed that a diet high in saturated animal fat (HFD) promotes mammary tumorigenesis in both DMBA carcinogenesis and Trp53-null transplant models. Having made these observations in BALB/c mice, which have very modest HFD weight gain, we determined the effects of HFD in FVB mice, which gain significant weight on HFD. Three-week-old FVB mice fed a low-fat diet or HFD were subjected to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced carcinogenesis. Like BALB/c mice, HFD promoted mammary tumorigenesis. Development of tumors largely occurred prior to mice becoming obese, indicating the role of animal-derived HFD rather than resulting obesity in tumor promotion. Also similar to BALB/c mice, early-occurring adenosquamous mammary tumors were abundant among HFD-fed FVB mice. Tumors from HFD mice also had increased intra-tumor M2 macrophages. Prior to tumor development, HFD accelerated normal mammary gland development and increased mammary M2 macrophages, similarly to BALB/c mice. The promotional effects of puberty-initiated HFD on carcinogen-induced mammary cancer are thus largely weight gain-independent. Like BALB/c mice, HFD promoted adenosquamous tumors, suggesting a role for early age HFD in promoting this subtype of triple negative mammary cancer. M2 macrophage recruitment was common to both mouse strains. We speculate that a similar effect of HFD on immune function may contribute to epidemiological findings of increased breast cancer risk in young, premenopausal, normal-weight women who consume a diet high in saturated animal fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Zhu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Mark D Aupperlee
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Sandra Z Haslam
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
| | - Richard C Schwartz
- Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
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Suzuki Y, Tsunoda H, Kimura T, Yamauchi H. BMI change and abdominal circumference are risk factors for breast cancer, even in Asian women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 166:919-925. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Harris HR, Willett WC, Vaidya RL, Michels KB. An Adolescent and Early Adulthood Dietary Pattern Associated with Inflammation and the Incidence of Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1179-1187. [PMID: 28249935 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a highly susceptible period for mammary carcinogenesis, but few prospective studies have examined the role of adolescent diet in breast cancer risk. Reduced rank regression has previously been used to identify a dietary pattern associated with markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, IL6, and TNFα receptor 2). We investigated whether an adolescent and early adulthood inflammatory dietary pattern was associated with breast cancer among 45,204 women in the Nurses' Health Study II using reduced rank regression. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1998 about their high school diet (HS-FFQ) and a FFQ in 1991 when they were ages 27-44 years. Among women who completed the HS-FFQ, 1,477 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed during 22 years of follow-up. An adolescent and early adulthood dietary pattern characterized by inflammation was associated with an increased incidence of premenopausal but not postmenopausal breast cancer. Women in the fifth quintile of the inflammatory pattern score had multivariable adjusted HRs for premenopausal breast cancer of 1.35 for adolescent diet [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.06-1.73; Ptrend = 0.002] and 1.41 for early adulthood diet (95% CI, 1.11-1.78; Ptrend = 0.006) compared with women in the first quintile. The corresponding RRs for postmenopausal breast cancer were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.60-1.17) for adolescent and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.54-1.06) for adult intake. Overall, our findings support the notion that an adolescent and early adulthood diet characterized by high intake of sugar-sweetened and diet soft drinks, refined grains, red and processed meat, and margarine, and low intake of green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, and coffee may increase the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1179-87. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly R Harris
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rita L Vaidya
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karin B Michels
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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45
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Wu J, Zeng R, Huang J, Li X, Zhang J, Ho JCM, Zheng Y. Dietary Protein Sources and Incidence of Breast Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Nutrients 2016; 8:E730. [PMID: 27869663 PMCID: PMC5133114 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein is important to the human body, and different sources of protein may have different effects on the risk of breast cancer. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between different dietary protein sources and breast cancer risk. PubMed and several databases were searched until December 2015. Relevant articles were retrieved according to specific searching criteria. Forty-six prospective studies were included. The summary relative risk (RR) for highest versus lowest intake was 1.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.14, I² = 34.6%) for processed meat, 0.92 (95% CI 0.84-1.00, I² = 0%) for soy food, 0.93 (95% CI 0.85-1.00, I² = 40.1%) for skim milk, and 0.90 (95% CI 0.82-1.00, I² = 0%) for yogurt. Similar conclusions were obtained in dose-response association for each serving increase: total red meat (RR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14, I² = 7.1%), fresh red meat (RR: 1.13; 95% CI 1.01-1.26, I² = 56.4%), processed meat (RR: 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.17, I² = 11.8%), soy food (RR: 0.91; 95% CI 0.84-1.00, I² = 0%), and skim milk (RR: 0.96; 95% CI 0.92-1.00, I² = 11.9%). There was a null association between poultry, fish, egg, nuts, total milk, and whole milk intake and breast cancer risk. Higher total red meat, fresh red meat, and processed meat intake may be risk factors for breast cancer, whereas higher soy food and skim milk intake may reduce the risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Rong Zeng
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Junpeng Huang
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Xufeng Li
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Jiren Zhang
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - James Chung-Man Ho
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Colditz GA, Philpott SE, Hankinson SE. The Impact of the Nurses' Health Study on Population Health: Prevention, Translation, and Control. Am J Public Health 2016; 106:1540-5. [PMID: 27459441 PMCID: PMC4981811 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the overall impact of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) over the past 40 years on the health of populations through its contributions on prevention, translation, and control. METHODS We performed a narrative review of the findings of the NHS, NHS II, and NHS3 between 1976 and 2016. RESULTS The NHS has generated significant findings about the associations between (1) smoking and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, colorectal and pancreatic cancer, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and eye diseases; (2) physical activity and cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, psoriasis, and neurodegeneration; (3) obesity and cardiovascular diseases, numerous cancer sites, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, kidney stones, and eye diseases; (4) oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease, melanoma, and breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancer; (5) hormone therapy and cardiovascular diseases, breast and endometrial cancer, and neurodegeneration; (6) endogenous hormones and breast cancer; (7) dietary factors and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, breast and pancreatic cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, neurodegeneration, multiple sclerosis, kidney stones, and eye diseases; and (8) sleep and shift work and chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS The NHS findings have influenced public health policy and practice both locally and globally to improve women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham A Colditz
- Graham A. Colditz and Sydney E. Philpott are with the Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; and the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Sydney E Philpott
- Graham A. Colditz and Sydney E. Philpott are with the Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; and the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Graham A. Colditz and Sydney E. Philpott are with the Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; and the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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47
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Yaghjyan L, Ghita GL, Rosner B, Farvid M, Bertrand KA, Tamimi RM. Adolescent fiber intake and mammographic breast density in premenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:85. [PMID: 27520794 PMCID: PMC4983022 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, there is limited and inconsistent epidemiologic evidence for associations of adolescent diet with mammographic breast density, a strong and consistent predictor of breast cancer. We investigated the association of adolescent fiber intake with mammographic density in premenopausal women. Methods This study included 743 cancer-free premenopausal women (mean age, 44.9 years) within the Nurses’ Health Study II cohort. Percent breast density, absolute dense and non-dense areas were measured from digitized film mammograms using a computer-assisted thresholding technique. Adolescent and adult diet were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire; energy-adjusted nutrient intakes were estimated for each food item. Information regarding breast cancer risk factors was obtained from baseline or biennial questionnaires closest to the mammogram date. We used generalized linear regression to quantify associations between quartiles of adolescent fiber intake and each of the breast density measures, adjusted for potential confounders. Associations were examined separately for total fiber intake; fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, and cereal; and food sources of fiber (fruits, vegetables, and nuts). Results In multivariable analyses, total fiber intake during adolescence was not associated with percent breast density (p for trend = 0.64), absolute dense area (p for trend = 0.80), or non-dense area (p for trend = 0.75). Similarly, neither consumption of fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, or cereal nor specific sources of fiber intake (fruits, vegetables, or nuts) during adolescence were associated with any of the mammographic density phenotypes. Conclusions Our findings do not support the hypothesis that adolescent fiber intake is associated with premenopausal mammographic breast density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA.
| | - Gabriela L Ghita
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maryam Farvid
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard/Massachusetts General Hospital Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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48
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Lifetime grain consumption and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 159:335-45. [PMID: 27510186 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated individual grain-containing foods and whole and refined grain intake during adolescence, early adulthood, and premenopausal years in relation to breast cancer risk in the Nurses' Health Study II. Grain-containing food intakes were reported on a baseline dietary questionnaire (1991) and every 4 years thereafter. Among 90,516 premenopausal women aged 27-44 years, we prospectively identified 3235 invasive breast cancer cases during follow-up to 2013. 44,263 women reported their diet during high school, and from 1998 to 2013, 1347 breast cancer cases were identified among these women. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) of breast cancer for individual, whole and refined grain foods. After adjusting for known breast cancer risk factors, adult intake of whole grain foods was associated with lower premenopausal breast cancer risk (highest vs. lowest quintile: RR 0.82; 95 % CI 0.70-0.97; P trend = 0.03), but not postmenopausal breast cancer. This association was no longer significant after further adjustment for fiber intake. The average of adolescent and early adulthood whole grain food intake was suggestively associated with lower premenopausal breast cancer risk (highest vs lowest quintile: RR 0.74; 95 % CI 0.56-0.99; P trend = 0.09). Total refined grain food intake was not associated with risk of breast cancer. Most individual grain-containing foods were not associated with breast cancer risk. The exceptions were adult brown rice which was associated with lower risk of overall and premenopausal breast cancer (for each 2 servings/week: RR 0.94; 95 % CI 0.89-0.99 and RR 0.91; 95 % CI 0.85-0.99, respectively) and adult white bread intake which was associated with increased overall breast cancer risk (for each 2 servings/week: RR 1.02; 95 % CI 1.01-1.04), as well as breast cancer before and after menopause. Further, pasta intake was inversely associated with overall breast cancer risk. Our results suggest that high whole grain food intake may be associated with lower breast cancer risk before menopause. Fiber in whole grain foods may mediate the association with whole grains.
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49
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Abiri B, Kelishadi R, Sadeghi H, Azizi-Soleiman F. Effects of Maternal Diet During Pregnancy on the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1065-72. [PMID: 27472187 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1206581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia in children that can be affected by maternal diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal dietary risk factors of ALL. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Science Direct, Mosby, ISI Web of Science, OVID, ProQuest, and Scopus from database inception until February 2, 2016. Two reviewers scanned titles, abstracts, and keywords of articles after excluding duplicates. We included case-control studies evaluating the relationship between maternal diet during pregnancy and childhood ALL. The search resulted in 2,940 papers, of which 11 full-text articles met the criteria for inclusion in the review and were analyzed. The finding of these studies suggest that maternal diet composed largely of vegetables, fruits, and protein sources before and during pregnancy can reduce the risk of ALL in offspring. Maternal alcohol intake had no effect. Nevertheless, inherent limitations of case-control studies like measurement error, random error, recall bias, and selection bias preclude conclusive evidence. Persuading pregnant women to follow a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and protein may reduce the risk of childhood ALL. Avoiding alcohol intake seems prudent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Abiri
- a Department of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- b Department of Pediatrics , Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Homa Sadeghi
- c Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland , Finland
| | - Fatemeh Azizi-Soleiman
- a Department of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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50
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Farvid MS, Eliassen AH, Cho E, Liao X, Chen WY, Willett WC. Dietary Fiber Intake in Young Adults and Breast Cancer Risk. Pediatrics 2016; 137:e20151226. [PMID: 26908709 PMCID: PMC4771124 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated fiber intake during adolescence and early adulthood in relation to breast cancer (BC) risk in the Nurses' Health Study II. METHODS Among 90,534 premenopausal women who completed a dietary questionnaire in 1991, we documented 2833 invasive BC cases during 20 years of follow-up. In 1998, 44,263 of these women also completed a questionnaire about their diet during high school; among these women, we documented 1118 cases of BC by end of follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BC across categories of dietary fiber. RESULTS Among all women, early adulthood total dietary fiber intake was associated with significantly lower BC risk (RR for highest versus lowest quintile 0.81; 95% CI 0.72-0.91; Ptrend = .002). Higher intakes of soluble fiber (RR for highest versus lowest quintile 0.86; 95% CI 0.77-0.97; Ptrend = .02) and insoluble fiber (RR for highest versus lowest quintile 0.80; 95% CI 0.71-0.90; Ptrend < .001) were each associated with lower BC risk. Total dietary fiber intake in adolescence was also associated with lower BC risk (RR for highest versus lowest quintile 0.84; 95% CI 0.70-1.01; Ptrend = .04). For the average of fiber intake during adolescence and early adult life, the RR comparing highest with lowest quintiles was 0.75 (95% CI 0.62-0.91, Ptrend = .004). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that higher fiber intakes reduce BC risk and suggest that intake during adolescence and early adulthood may be particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Heather Eliassen
- Epidemiology, and,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;,Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Xiaomei Liao
- Epidemiology, and,Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wendy Y. Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Departments of Nutrition,,Epidemiology, and,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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