1
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Harrison KS, Wijesekera N, Robinson AGJ, Santos VC, Oakley RH, Cidlowski JA, Jones C. Impaired glucocorticoid receptor function attenuates herpes simplex virus 1 production during explant-induced reactivation from latency in female mice. J Virol 2023; 97:e0130523. [PMID: 37823644 PMCID: PMC10617412 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01305-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE A correlation exists between stress and increased episodes of human alpha-herpes virus 1 reactivation from latency. Stress increases corticosteroid levels; consequently, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is activated. Recent studies concluded that a GR agonist, but not an antagonist, accelerates productive infection and reactivation from latency. Furthermore, GR and certain stress-induced transcription factors cooperatively transactivate promoters that drive the expression of infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), ICP4, and VP16. This study revealed female mice expressing a GR containing a serine to alanine mutation at position 229 (GRS229A) shed significantly lower levels of infectious virus during explant-induced reactivation compared to male GRS229A or wild-type parental C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, female GRS229A mice contained fewer VP16 + TG neurons compared to male GRS229A mice or wild-type mice during the early stages of explant-induced reactivation from latency. Collectively, these studies revealed that GR transcriptional activity has female-specific effects, whereas male mice can compensate for the loss of GR transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S. Harrison
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nishani Wijesekera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Anastasia G. J. Robinson
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vanessa C. Santos
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Robert H. Oakley
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A. Cidlowski
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clinton Jones
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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2
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Chudakova DA, Trubetskoy D, Baida G, Bhalla P, Readhead B, Budunova I. REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage 1) modulates the glucocorticoid receptor function in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1725-1733. [PMID: 37483165 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases despite significant adverse effects including skin atrophy. Effects of GCs are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-known transcription factor. Previously, we discovered that one of the GR target genes, REDD1, is causatively involved in skin atrophy. Here, we investigated its role in GR function using HaCaT REDD1 knockout (KO) keratinocytes. We found large differences in transcriptome of REDD1 KO and control Cas9 cells in response to glucocorticoid fluocinolone acetonide (FA): both the scope and amplitude of response were significantly decreased in REDD1 KO. The status of REDD1 did not affect GR stability/degradation during self-desensitization, and major steps in GR activation-its nuclear import and phosphorylation at activating Ser211. However, the amount of GR phosphorylated at Ser226 that may play negative role in GR signalling, was increased in the nuclei of REDD1 KO cells. GR nuclear import and transcriptional activity also depend on the composition of GR chaperone complex: exchange of chaperone FKBP51 (FK506-binding protein 5) for FKBP52 (FK506-binding protein 4) being a necessary step in GR activation. We found the increased expression and abnormal nuclear translocation of FKBP51 in both untreated and FA-treated REDD1 KO cells. Overall, our results suggest the existence of a feed-forward loop in GR signalling mediated by its target gene REDD1, which has translational potential for the development of safer GR-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Chudakova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Federal Centre for Brain and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Trubetskoy
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G Baida
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - P Bhalla
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- SBDRC, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - B Readhead
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Centre, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - I Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Centre, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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3
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Mao L, Wei W, Chen J. Biased regulation of glucocorticoid receptors signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115145. [PMID: 37454592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs), steroid hormones that depend on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding for their action, are essential for regulating numerous homeostatic functions in the body.GR signals are biased, that is, GR signals are various in different tissue cells, disease states and ligands. This biased regulation of GR signaling appears to depend on ligand-induced metameric regulation, protein post-translational modifications, assembly at response elements, context-specific assembly (recruitment of co-regulators) and intercellular differences. Based on the bias regulation of GR, selective GR agonists and modulators (SEGRAMs) were developed to bias therapeutic outcomes toward expected outcomes (e.g., anti-inflammation and immunoregulation) by influencing GR-mediated gene expression. This paper provides a review of the bias regulation and mechanism of GR and the research progress of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Mao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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4
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Kang W, Choi D, Roh J, Jung Y, Ha Y, Yang S, Park T. The Role of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) in Modulating Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling and Its Implications on Glucocorticoid-Related Collagen Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10180. [PMID: 37373328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) play a pivotal role in the stress response of the body, but overactivation can disrupt normal physiological functions. This study explores the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in GR activation and the associated mechanisms. We initially used the human embryonic kidney 293 cell line (HEK293) and found that cAMP enhancement, using forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), did not alter glucocorticoid signaling under normal conditions, as evidenced by glucocorticoid response element (GRE) activity and the translocation of GR. However, in stressful conditions induced by dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, cAMP was found to lessen glucocorticoid signaling within a short time frame but amplify it over an extended period in HEK293 cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that cAMP upregulation triggers the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which influences GR translocation and ultimately regulates its activity. This stress-modulating function of cAMP was also investigated in the Hs68 dermal fibroblast line, known for its susceptibility to glucocorticoids. We found that cAMP enhancement via forskolin reduces GRE activity and reverses collagen loss in Hs68 cells exposed to dexamethasone. These findings underline the context-specific role of cAMP signaling in managing glucocorticoid signaling and its potential therapeutic application in treating stress-related pathological conditions like skin aging characterized by collagen reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesuk Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Roh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yearim Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojeong Ha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhjin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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5
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Sharma DR, Cheng B, Jaiswal MK, Zhang X, Kumar A, Parikh N, Singh D, Sheth H, Varghese M, Dobrenis K, Zhang X, Hof PR, Stanton PK, Ballabh P. Elevated insulin growth factor-1 in dentate gyrus induces cognitive deficits in pre-term newborns. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:6449-6464. [PMID: 36646459 PMCID: PMC10183730 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prematurely born infants are deprived of maternal hormones and cared for in the stressful environment of Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). They suffer from long-lasting deficits in learning and memory. Here, we show that prematurity and associated neonatal stress disrupt dentate gyrus (DG) development and induce long-term cognitive deficits and that these effects are mediated by insulin growth factor-1 (IGF1). Nonmaternal care of premature rabbits increased the number of granule cells and interneurons and reduced neurogenesis, suggesting accelerated premature maturation of DG. However, the density of glutamatergic synapses, mature dendritic spines, and synaptic transmission were reduced in preterm kits compared with full-term controls, indicating that premature synaptic maturation was abnormal. These findings were consistent with cognitive deficits observed in premature rabbits and appeared to be driven by transcriptomic changes in the granule cells. Preterm kits displayed reduced weight, elevated serum cortisol and growth hormone, and higher IGF1 expression in the liver and DG relative to full-term controls. Importantly, blocking IGF-1 receptor in premature kits restored cognitive deficits, increased the density of glutamatergic puncta, and rescued NR2B and PSD95 levels in the DG. Hence, IGF1 inhibition alleviates prematurity-induced cognitive dysfunction and synaptic changes in the DG through modulation of NR2B and PSD95. The study identifies a novel strategy to potentially rescue DG maldevelopment and cognitive dysfunction in premature infants under stress in NICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep R Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Bokun Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Jaiswal
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Computational Genomics Core, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ajeet Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Nirzar Parikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Divya Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hardik Sheth
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Merina Varghese
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kostantin Dobrenis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patric K Stanton
- Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Praveen Ballabh
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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6
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Srivastava S, Siddiqui S, Chowdhury S, Trivedi AK. Dexamethasone activates c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) which interacts with GR and protects it from ubiquitin-mediated degradation in NSCLC cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 650:1-8. [PMID: 36764207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dexamethasone-mediated pharmacological activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is widely used in the treatment regimen of hematological malignancies and solid cancers. However, DEX sensitivity towards patients primarily depends on the endogenous protein levels of GR. We observed that DEX treatment leads to an increase in GR protein levels despite inhibition of neo-protein synthesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Mechanistically, DEX-stimulation concomitantly increased the JNK phosphorylation and GR protein levels, however the JNK stimulation preceds GR upregulation. Moreover, we also observed that DEX-mediated phosphorylation is partially mediated by upregulation in MEKK1 phosphorylation. Further, GR protein levels were significantly decreased in JNK inhibitor (JNKi, SP600125) treated cells whereas MG132 treatment restored GR levels indicating that DEX induced JNK activity regulated the GR protein levels through proteasomal-degradation pathway. Next, we showed that DEX led to JNK activation which physically interacts with GR and protects it from ubiquitination-mediated degradation. Furthermore, at basal level GR interacts with JNK in cytoplasm whereas upon DEX stimulation GR and pJNK both localized to nucleus and interact with each other. Next, we show that JNK-mediated GR stabilization affects its nuclear transcriptional functional activity in NSCLC cells. In line with these in vitro data, patient dataset analysis also shows that increased levels of both JNK and GR contributes towards better prognosis of NSCLC patients. Taken together, our data shows that DEX treatment may lead to positive feedback regulation of GR by activating JNK and thus highlights importance of GR-JNK crosstalk in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Srivastava
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India.
| | - Shumaila Siddiqui
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sangita Chowdhury
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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7
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Melatonin-mediated FKBP4 downregulation protects against stress-induced neuronal mitochondria dysfunctions by blocking nuclear translocation of GR. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:146. [PMID: 36810730 PMCID: PMC9943853 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The physiological crosstalk between glucocorticoid and melatonin maintains neuronal homeostasis in regulating circadian rhythms. However, the stress-inducing level of glucocorticoid triggers mitochondrial dysfunction including defective mitophagy by increasing the activity of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), leading to neuronal cell death. Melatonin then suppresses glucocorticoid-induced stress-responsive neurodegeneration; however, the regulatory mechanism of melatonin, i.e., associated proteins involved in GR activity, has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated how melatonin regulates chaperone proteins related to GR trafficking into the nucleus to suppress glucocorticoid action. In this study, the effects of glucocorticoid on suppressing NIX-mediated mitophagy, followed by mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal cell apoptosis, and cognitive deficits were reversed by melatonin treatment by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of GRs in both SH-SY5Y cells and mouse hippocampal tissue. Moreover, melatonin selectively suppressed the expression of FKBP prolyl isomerase 4 (FKBP4), which is a co-chaperone protein that works with dynein, to reduce the nuclear translocation of GRs among the chaperone proteins and nuclear trafficking proteins. In both cells and hippocampal tissue, melatonin upregulated melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) bound to Gαq, which triggered the phosphorylation of ERK1. The activated ERK then enhanced DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-mediated hypermethylation of FKBP52 promoter, reducing GR-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, the effects of which were reversed by knocking down DNMT1. Taken together, melatonin has a protective effect against glucocorticoid-induced defective mitophagy and neurodegeneration by enhancing DNMT1-mediated FKBP4 downregulation that reduced the nuclear translocation of GRs.
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8
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Zhao X, Peng T, Cao X, Hou Y, Li R, Han T, Fan Z, Zhao M, Chang Y, Chen H, Li C, Huang X. In vivo G-CSF treatment activates the GR-SOCS1 axis to suppress IFN-γ secretion by natural killer cells. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111342. [PMID: 36103837 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that are involved in controlling tumors or microbial infections through the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) inhibits IFN-γ secretion by NK cells, but the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. Here, by comparing the multi-omics profiles of human NK cells before and after in vivo G-CSF treatment, we identify a pathway that is activated in response to G-CSF treatment, which suppresses IFN-γ secretion in NK cells. Specifically, glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) activated by G-CSF inhibit secretion of IFN-γ by promoting interactions between SOCS1 promoters and enhancers, as well as increasing the expression of SOCS1. Experiments in mice confirm that G-CSF treatment significantly downregulates IFN-γ secretion and upregulates GR and SOCS1 expression in NK cells. In addition, GR blockade by the antagonist RU486 significantly reverses the effects of G-CSF, demonstrating that GRs upregulate SOCS1 and inhibit the production of IFN-γ by NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunhong Cao
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Yingping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Han
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Zeying Fan
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjun Chang
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Hebin Chen
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China.
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9
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Tapp ZM, Cornelius S, Oberster A, Kumar JE, Atluri R, Witcher KG, Oliver B, Bray C, Velasquez J, Zhao F, Peng J, Sheridan J, Askwith C, Godbout JP, Kokiko-Cochran ON. Sleep fragmentation engages stress-responsive circuitry, enhances inflammation and compromises hippocampal function following traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2022; 353:114058. [PMID: 35358498 PMCID: PMC9068267 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) impairs the ability to restore homeostasis in response to stress, indicating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysfunction. Many stressors result in sleep disturbances, thus mechanical sleep fragmentation (SF) provides a physiologically relevant approach to study the effects of stress after injury. We hypothesize SF stress engages the dysregulated HPA-axis after TBI to exacerbate post-injury neuroinflammation and compromise recovery. To test this, male and female mice were given moderate lateral fluid percussion TBI or sham-injury and left undisturbed or exposed to daily, transient SF for 7- or 30-days post-injury (DPI). Post-TBI SF increases cortical expression of interferon- and stress-associated genes characterized by inhibition of the upstream regulator NR3C1 that encodes glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Moreover, post-TBI SF increases neuronal activity in the hippocampus, a key intersection of the stress-immune axes. By 30 DPI, TBI SF enhances cortical microgliosis and increases expression of pro-inflammatory glial signaling genes characterized by persistent inhibition of the NR3C1 upstream regulator. Within the hippocampus, post-TBI SF exaggerates microgliosis and decreases CA1 neuronal activity. Downstream of the hippocampus, post-injury SF suppresses neuronal activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus indicating decreased HPA-axis reactivity. Direct application of GR agonist, dexamethasone, to the CA1 at 30 DPI increases GR activity in TBI animals, but not sham animals, indicating differential GR-mediated hippocampal action. Electrophysiological assessment revealed TBI and SF induces deficits in Schaffer collateral long-term potentiation associated with impaired acquisition of trace fear conditioning, reflecting dorsal hippocampal-dependent cognitive deficits. Together these data demonstrate that post-injury SF engages the dysfunctional post-injury HPA-axis, enhances inflammation, and compromises hippocampal function. Therefore, external stressors that disrupt sleep have an integral role in mediating outcome after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe M. Tapp
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
| | - Sydney Cornelius
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Alexa Oberster
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
| | - Julia E. Kumar
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
| | - Ravitej Atluri
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Kristina G. Witcher
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
| | - Braedan Oliver
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Chelsea Bray
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - John Velasquez
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Fangli Zhao
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 320-55 Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - John Sheridan
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 305 W. 12(th) Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Candice Askwith
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jonathan P. Godbout
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210,Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
| | - Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran
- Dept. of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1858 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA 43210,Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, USA 43210
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10
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Wijesekera N, Hazell N, Jones C. Independent Cis-Regulatory Modules within the Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0) Promoter Are Transactivated by Krüppel-like Factor 15 and Glucocorticoid Receptor. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061284. [PMID: 35746756 PMCID: PMC9228413 DOI: 10.3390/v14061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A corticosteroid antagonist impairs Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) productive infection and explant-induced reactivation from latency, suggesting corticosteroids and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediate certain aspects of these complex virus-host interactions. GR-hormone complexes regulate transcription positively and negatively, in part, by binding GR response elements (GREs). Recent studies revealed infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), ICP4, and ICP27 promoter/cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) are cooperatively transactivated by GR and Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15), which forms a feed-forward transcription loop. We hypothesized the ICP0 promoter contains independent CRMs that are transactivated by GR, KLF15, and the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone (DEX). This hypothesis is based on the finding that the ICP0 promoter contains multiple transcription factor binding sites, and GR and KLF15 cooperatively transactivate the full-length ICP0 promoter. ICP0 promoter sequences spanning -800 to -635 (fragment A) were efficiently transactivated by GR, KLF15, and DEX in monkey kidney cells (Vero), whereas GR and DEX significantly enhanced promoter activity in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A). Furthermore, ICP0 fragment B (-458 to -635) was efficiently transactivated by GR, KLF15, and DEX in Vero cells, but not Neuro-2A cells. Finally, fragment D (-232 to -24) was transactivated significantly in Vero cells by GR, KLF15, and DEX, whereas KLF15 and DEX were sufficient for transactivation in Neuro-2A cells. Collectively, these studies revealed efficient transactivation of three independent CRMs within the ICP0 promoter by GR, KLF15, and/or DEX. Finally, GC-rich sequences containing specificity protein 1 (Sp1) binding sites were essential for transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishani Wijesekera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 208 N McFarland Street, RM 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Nicholas Hazell
- Experimental Pathology Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Clinton Jones
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 208 N McFarland Street, RM 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-405-744-1842
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11
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Kadushkin AG, Tahanovich AD, Movchan LV, Dziadzichkina VV, Levandovskaya OV, Shman TV. Nortriptyline overcomes corticosteroid resistance in NK and NKT-like cells from peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: An antidepressant nortriptyline potentiates glucocorticoid (GC) action with synergistic suppression of inflammatory mediator release, but the precise molecular mechanism is unknown.
Materials and methods: Peripheral blood cells from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 21) were incubated with nortriptyline (1 µM or 10 µM), budesonide (10 nM), or their combinations, followed by stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Cytokine production, glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and histone H4 acetylation of K8 (HAT) expression, p65 NF-kB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation in NK (CD3-CD56+) and NKT-like (CD3+CD56+) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: We observed that nortriptyline (10 µM) significantly attenuated the effects of PMA/ionomycin on the synthesis of interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and IL-8, expression of GRβ and HAT, as well as p65 NF-kB and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in NK and NKT-like cells, whereas nortriptyline (1 µM) only inhibited IL-4 production by NK and NKT-like cells.
Discussion: The combination of nortriptyline (10 µM) and budesonide decreased IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-4, IL-8, and GRβ expression, as well as phosphorylated p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB levels by NK and NKT-like cells above that of budesonide alone. Furthermore, the same association of drugs enhanced HDAC2 expression in NK and NKT-like cells.
Conclusion: Collectively, our results show that nortriptyline might enhance GC function through modulation of HAT, HDAC2, GRβ, phospho-p38 MAPK expression. These data provide a strong rationale for combining nortriptyline with budesonide to treat COPD.
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12
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Caratti B, Fidan M, Caratti G, Breitenecker K, Engler M, Kazemitash N, Traut R, Wittig R, Casanova E, Ahmadian MR, Tuckermann JP, Moll HP, Cirstea IC. The glucocorticoid receptor associates with RAS complexes to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabm4452. [PMID: 35316097 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abm4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mutations that activate members of the RAS family of GTPases are associated with various cancers and drive tumor growth. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor family, has been proposed to interact with and inhibit the activation of components of the PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways downstream of RAS. In the absence of activating ligands, we found that GR was present in cytoplasmic KRAS-containing complexes and inhibited the activation of wild-type and oncogenic KRAS in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human lung cancer A549 cells. The DNA binding domain of GR was involved in the interaction with KRAS, but GR-dependent inhibition of RAS activation did not depend on the nuclear translocation of GR. The addition of ligand released GR-dependent inhibition of RAS, AKT, the MAPK p38, and the MAPKK MEK. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of GR in A549 cells enhanced tumor growth in xenografts in mice. Patient samples of non-small cell lung carcinomas showed lower expression of NR3C1, the gene encoding GR, compared to adjacent normal tissues and lower NR3C1 expression correlated with a worse disease outcome. These results suggest that glucocorticoids prevent the ability of GR to limit tumor growth by inhibiting RAS activation, which has potential implications for the use of glucocorticoids in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhena Caratti
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Miray Fidan
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Giorgio Caratti
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kristina Breitenecker
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Melanie Engler
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Naser Kazemitash
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebecca Traut
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer Wittig
- Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology (ILM), University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 12, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Building 22.03.05, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan P Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Herwig P Moll
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Ion Cristian Cirstea
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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13
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Progesterone Sporadically Induces Reactivation from Latency in Female Calves but Proficiently Stimulates Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Productive Infection. J Virol 2022; 96:e0213021. [PMID: 35019726 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02130-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute infection of the ocular, oral, or nasal cavity by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) culminates in lifelong latency in sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia. The BoHV-1 latency reactivation cycle, including calves latently infected with commercially available modified live vaccines, can lead to reproductive complications, including abortions. Recent studies demonstrated progesterone stimulated BoHV-1 productive infection and sporadically induced reactivation from latency in male rabbits. The progesterone receptor (PR) and progesterone transactivate the immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) promoter and the infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) early promoter. These viral promoters drive expression of two viral transcriptional regulatory proteins (bICP0 and bICP4) that are crucial for productive infection. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that progesterone induces reactivation in a subset of calves latently infected with BoHV-1. These studies demonstrated progesterone was less efficient than dexamethasone at initiating reactivation from latency in female calves. Notably, heat stress correlated with enhancing the ability of progesterone to induce reactivation from latency. Previous studies demonstrated that heat stress activates the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which suggested GR activation augments progesterone-mediated reactivation from latency. Additional studies revealed GR and PR cooperatively stimulated productive infection and synergistically transactivated the IEtu1 promoter when cultures were treated with dexamethasone. Mutating one or both GR binding sites in the IEtu1 promoter blocked transactivation. Collectively, these studies indicated that progesterone intermittently triggered reactivation from latency, and heat stress augmented reactivation from reactivation. Finally, these studies suggest progesterone enhances virus spread in tissues and cells where PR is abundantly expressed. IMPORTANCE Steroid hormone fluctuations are predicted to enhance or initiate bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) replication and virus spread in cattle. For example, stress increases the incidence of BoHV-1 reactivation from latency in cattle, and the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone consistently induces reactivation from latency. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and dexamethasone stimulate key viral regulatory promoters and productive infection, in part because the viral genome contains numerous consensus GR-responsive elements (GREs). The progesterone receptor (PR) and GR belong to the type I nuclear hormone receptor family. PR and progesterone specifically bind to and transactivate viral promoters that contain GREs and stimulate BoHV-1 productive infection. Although progesterone did not induce reactivation from latency in female calves as efficiently as dexamethasone, heat stress enhanced progesterone-mediated reactivation from latency. Consequently, we predict that low levels of stressful stimuli can cooperate with progesterone to induce reactivation from latency or promote virus spread.
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14
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Canet G, Zussy C, Hernandez C, Chevallier N, Marchi N, Desrumaux C, Givalois L. Chronic Glucocorticoids Consumption Triggers and Worsens Experimental Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology by Detrimental Immune Modulations. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:982-997. [PMID: 34923495 DOI: 10.1159/000521559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among the risk factors identified in the sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), environmental and lifestyle elements are of growing interest. Clinical observations suggest that stressful events can anticipate AD onset, while stress-related disorders can promote AD. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a chronic treatment with glucocorticoids is sufficient to trigger or exacerbate AD molecular hallmarks. METHODS We first validated a rat model of experimental chronic glucocorticoids (GC) consumption (corticosterone [CORT] in drinking water for 4 weeks). Then, to evaluate the consequences of chronic GC consumption on the onset of amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity, animals chronically treated with GC were intracerebroventricularly injected with an oligomeric solution of Aβ25-35 (oAβ) (acute model of AD). We evaluated AD-related cognitive deficits and pathogenic mechanisms, with a special emphasis on neuroinflammatory markers. RESULTS Chronic CORT consumption caused the inhibition of the nonamyloidogenic pathways, the impairment of Aβ clearance processes and the induction of amyloidogenic pathways in the hippocampus. The principal enzymes involved in glucocorticoid receptor activation and Tau phosphorylation were upregulated. Importantly, the AD-like phenotype triggered by chronic CORT was analogous to the one caused by oAβ. These molecular commonalities across models were independent from inflammation, as chronic CORT was immunosuppressive while oAβ was pro-inflammatory. When chronic CORT consumption anticipated the induction of the oAβ pathology, we found a potentiation of neuroinflammatory processes associated with an exacerbation of synaptic and memory deficits but also an aggravation of AD-related hallmarks. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION This study unravels new functional outcomes identifying chronic CORT consumption as a main risk factor for AD and suggests that glucocorticoid-based therapies should be prescribed with caution in populations with AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Canet
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Charleine Zussy
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Célia Hernandez
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Chevallier
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Glia Research, Institute of Functional Genomics, UMR CNRS-5203, INSERM-U1191, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Givalois
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, CR-CHUQ, P-9717, Québec, Québec, Canada
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15
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Oxidative Stress Promotes Corticosteroid Insensitivity in Asthma and COPD. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091335. [PMID: 34572965 PMCID: PMC8471691 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid insensitivity is a key characteristic of patients with severe asthma and COPD. These individuals experience greater pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation, which contribute to diminished lung function and frequent exacerbations despite the often and prolonged use of systemic, high dose corticosteroids. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) promote corticosteroid insensitivity by disrupting glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling, leading to the sustained activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in immune and airway structural cells. Studies in asthma and COPD models suggest that corticosteroids need a balanced redox environment to be effective and to reduce airway inflammation. In this review, we discuss how oxidative stress contributes to corticosteroid insensitivity and the importance of optimizing endogenous antioxidant responses to enhance corticosteroid sensitivity. Future studies should aim to identify how antioxidant-based therapies can complement corticosteroids to reduce the need for prolonged high dose regimens in patients with severe asthma and COPD.
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16
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Häusl AS, Brix LM, Hartmann J, Pöhlmann ML, Lopez JP, Menegaz D, Brivio E, Engelhardt C, Roeh S, Bajaj T, Rudolph L, Stoffel R, Hafner K, Goss HM, Reul JMHM, Deussing JM, Eder M, Ressler KJ, Gassen NC, Chen A, Schmidt MV. The co-chaperone Fkbp5 shapes the acute stress response in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of male mice. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3060-3076. [PMID: 33649453 PMCID: PMC8505251 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Disturbed activation or regulation of the stress response through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a fundamental component of multiple stress-related diseases, including psychiatric, metabolic, and immune disorders. The FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) is a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the main driver of HPA axis regulation, and FKBP5 polymorphisms have been repeatedly linked to stress-related disorders in humans. However, the specific role of Fkbp5 in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in shaping HPA axis (re)activity remains to be elucidated. We here demonstrate that the deletion of Fkbp5 in Sim1+ neurons dampens the acute stress response and increases GR sensitivity. In contrast, Fkbp5 overexpression in the PVN results in a chronic HPA axis over-activation, and a PVN-specific rescue of Fkbp5 expression in full Fkbp5 KO mice normalizes the HPA axis phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the cell-type-specific expression pattern of Fkbp5 in the PVN and showed that Fkbp5 expression is specifically upregulated in Crh+ neurons after stress. Finally, Crh-specific Fkbp5 overexpression alters Crh neuron activity, but only partially recapitulates the PVN-specific Fkbp5 overexpression phenotype. Together, the data establish the central and cell-type-specific importance of Fkbp5 in the PVN in shaping HPA axis regulation and the acute stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Häusl
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Lea M Brix
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Max L Pöhlmann
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan-Pablo Lopez
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Danusa Menegaz
- Electrophysiology Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Brivio
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Clara Engelhardt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Roeh
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lisa Rudolph
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Stoffel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah M Goss
- Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes M H M Reul
- Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Electrophysiology Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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17
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Martins CS, de Castro M. Generalized and tissue specific glucocorticoid resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 530:111277. [PMID: 33864884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that influence several physiologic functions and are among the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. Resistance to GCs has been observed in the context of the familial generalized GC resistance (Chrousos' syndrome) or tissue specific GC resistance in chronic inflammatory states. In this review, we have summarized the major factors that influence individual glucocorticoid sensitivity/resistance. The fine-tuning of GC action is determined in a tissue-specific fashion that includes the combination of different GC receptor promoters, translation initiation sites, splice isoforms, interacting proteins, post-translational modifications, and alternative mechanisms of signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Silva Martins
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirao Preto Medical School - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Margaret de Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine - Ribeirao Preto Medical School - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Jaumotte JD, Franks AL, Bargerstock EM, Kisanga EP, Menden HL, Ghersi A, Omar M, Wang L, Rudine A, Short KL, Silswal N, Cole TJ, Sampath V, Monaghan-Nichols AP, DeFranco DB. Ciclesonide activates glucocorticoid signaling in neonatal rat lung but does not trigger adverse effects in the cortex and cerebellum. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 156:105422. [PMID: 34126164 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) such as dexamethasone (DEX), while used to mitigate inflammation and disease progression in premature infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), are also associated with significant adverse neurologic effects such as reductions in myelination and abnormalities in neuroanatomical development. Ciclesonide (CIC) is a sGC prodrug approved for asthma treatment that exhibits limited systemic side effects. Carboxylesterases enriched in the lower airways convert CIC to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist des-CIC. We therefore examined whether CIC would likewise activate GR in neonatal lung but have limited adverse extra-pulmonary effects, particularly in the developing brain. Neonatal rats were administered subcutaneous injections of CIC, DEX or vehicle from postnatal days 1-5 (PND1-PND5). Systemic effects linked to DEX exposure, including reduced body and brain weight, were not observed in CIC treated neonates. Furthermore, CIC did not trigger the long-lasting reduction in myelin basic protein expression in the cerebral cortex nor cerebellar size caused by neonatal DEX exposure. Conversely, DEX and CIC were both effective at inducing the expression of select GR target genes in neonatal lung, including those implicated in lung-protective and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, CIC is a promising, novel candidate drug to treat or prevent BPD in neonates given its activation of GR in neonatal lung and limited adverse neurodevelopmental effects. Furthermore, since sGCs such as DEX administered to pregnant women in pre-term labor can adversely affect fetal brain development, the neurological-sparing properties of CIC, make it an attractive alternative for DEX to treat pregnant women severely ill with respiratory illness, such as with asthma exacerbations or COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliann D Jaumotte
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexis L Franks
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erin M Bargerstock
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edwina Philip Kisanga
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heather L Menden
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Alexis Ghersi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mahmoud Omar
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Rudine
- Department of Neonatology, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kelly L Short
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neerupama Silswal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Timothy J Cole
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - A Paula Monaghan-Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Donald B DeFranco
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Disease (PIND), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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19
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HUZARD D, RAPPENEAU V, MEIJER OC, TOUMA C, ARANGO-LIEVANO M, GARABEDIAN MJ, JEANNETEAU F. Experience and activity-dependent control of glucocorticoid receptors during the stress response in large-scale brain networks. Stress 2021; 24:130-153. [PMID: 32755268 PMCID: PMC7907260 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1806226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of actions of the glucocorticoid stress hormones among individuals and within organs, tissues and cells is shaped by age, gender, genetics, metabolism, and the quantity of exposure. However, such factors cannot explain the heterogeneity of responses in the brain within cells of the same lineage, or similar tissue environment, or in the same individual. Here, we argue that the stress response is continuously updated by synchronized neural activity on large-scale brain networks. This occurs at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels by crosstalk communication between activity-dependent and glucocorticoid signaling pathways, which updates the diversity of responses based on prior experience. Such a Bayesian process determines adaptation to the demands of the body and external world. We propose a framework for understanding how the diversity of glucocorticoid actions throughout brain networks is essential for supporting optimal health, while its disruption may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders, such as major depression, and resistance to therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien HUZARD
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Virginie RAPPENEAU
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Onno C. MEIJER
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chadi TOUMA
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Margarita ARANGO-LIEVANO
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Freddy JEANNETEAU
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Corresponding author:
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20
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Algamal M, Pearson AJ, Hahn-Townsend C, Burca I, Mullan M, Crawford F, Ojo JO. Repeated unpredictable stress and social isolation induce chronic HPA axis dysfunction and persistent abnormal fear memory. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 104:110035. [PMID: 32682873 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The lack of progress in the psychopharmacological treatment of stress-related disorders such as PTSD is an ongoing crisis due to its negative socioeconomic implications. Current PTSD pharmacotherapy relies on a few FDA approved medications used primarily for depression which offer only symptomatic relief and show limited efficacy. As the population of PTSD patients is growing, the identification of effective etiology-based treatments for the condition is a high priority. This requires an in-depth understanding of the neurobiological and behavioral outcomes of stress in translationally relevant animal models. In this study, we use neuroendocrine, biochemical and behavioral measures to assess the HPA axis function and fear-memory deficits in a mouse model of chronic stress. The chronic stress procedures involved exposure to 21 days of repeated unpredictable stress (RUS), including predator stress, restraint and foot shock, followed by chronic social isolation. We show that mice exposed to our stress paradigm demonstrate exaggerated fear memory recall and blunted HPA axis functionality at one month after RUS. Our neuroendocrinal testing suggests that the attenuated stress response in our model may be related to an alteration in the adrenal MC2 receptor reactivity. While there was no noticeable change in pituitary negative feedback regulation mechanisms, CRH and phosphorylated Glucocorticoid receptors levels were altered in the hypothalamus. We also show that chronic supplementation with a peripheral glucocorticoid receptor agonist (low-dose dexamethasone) after RUS partially restores a number of stress-related behavioral deficits in the RUS model. This suggests a direct relationship between HPA axis function and behavior in our model. Our findings emphasize the importance of the adrenal receptors as a target for HPA axis dysfunction in stress and fear-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Algamal
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA; The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom; James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States.
| | - Andrew J Pearson
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA; The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom; James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States.
| | | | - Ioana Burca
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA.
| | - Michael Mullan
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA; The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.
| | - Fiona Crawford
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA; The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom; James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States.
| | - Joseph O Ojo
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA; The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom; James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States.
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21
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Panagiotou C, Lambadiari V, Maratou E, Geromeriati C, Artemiadis A, Dimitriadis G, Moutsatsou P. Insufficient glucocorticoid receptor signaling and flattened salivary cortisol profile are associated with metabolic and inflammatory indices in type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:37-48. [PMID: 32394161 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired negative feedback and hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis characterizes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a key mediator of HPA axis negative feedback; however, its role in linking hypercortisolemia and T2DM-associated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and inflammation is not yet known. METHODS In peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 31 T2DM patients and 24 healthy controls, we measured various GR-signaling parameters such as phosphorylated GR (pGR-S211), GRα/GRβ gene expression and GC-sensitivity [using the basal and dexamethasone (DEX)-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) and FK506 binding-protein (FKBP5) mRNA levels as well as the basal interleukin (IL)-1β protein levels]. Diurnal salivary cortisol curve parameters such as the cortisol awaking response (CAR) and area under the curve (AUCtotal and AUCi) as well as inflammatory and metabolic indices were also determined. RESULTS T2DM patients exhibited diminished pGR-S211 protein content, increased GRβ, decreased basal GILZ and FKBP5 mRNA levels and increased IL-1β levels. Flattened DEX-induced GILZ and FKBP5 response curves and a flattened salivary cortisol profile characterized T2DM patients. Significant associations of GR measures and saliva cortisol curve parameters with biochemical and clinical characteristics were found. CONCLUSION Our novel data implicate an insufficient GR signaling in PBMCs in T2DM patients and HPA axis dysfunction. The significant associations of GR-signaling parameters with inflammatory and metabolic indices implicate that GR may be the critical link between HPA axis dysfunction, hypercortisolemia and diabetes-associated metabolic disturbances. Our findings provide significant insights into the contribution of GR-mediated mechanisms in T2DM aetiopathology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Panagiotou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - V Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, University General Hospital Attikon, Haidari, Greece
| | - E Maratou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - C Geromeriati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - A Artemiadis
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - G Dimitriadis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, University General Hospital Attikon, Haidari, Greece
| | - P Moutsatsou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
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22
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Wisanwattana W, Wongkrajang K, Cao DY, Shi XK, Zhang ZH, Zhou ZY, Li F, Mei QG, Wang C, Suksamrarn A, Zhang GL, Wang F. Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 5 Promotes the Aromatase-Mediated Estrogen Biosynthesis in Osteoblastic Cells by Activation of cGMP/PKG/SHP2 Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:636784. [PMID: 33776932 PMCID: PMC7995890 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.636784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation induces bone growth and remodeling by the secondary messenger, cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP), in osteoblasts. However, the role of cGMP in the regulation of estrogen biosynthesis, whose deficiency is a major cause of osteoporosis, remains unclear. Here, we found that the prenylated flavonoids, 3-O-methoxymethyl-7-O-benzylicaritin (13), 7-O-benzylicaritin (14), and 4'-O-methyl-8-isopentylkaempferol (15), which were synthesized using icariin analogs, promoted estrogen biosynthesis in osteoblastic UMR106 cells, with calculated EC50 values of 1.53, 3.45, and 10.57 µM, respectively. 14 and 15 increased the expression level of the bone specific promoter I.4-driven aromatase, the only enzyme that catalyzes estrogen formation by using androgens as substrates, in osteoblastic cells. 14 inhibited phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), stimulated intracellular cGMP level and promoted osteoblast cell differentiation. Inhibition of cGMP dependent-protein kinase G (PKG) abolished the stimulatory effect of 14 on estrogen biosynthesis and osteoblast cell differentiation. Further, PKG activation by 14 stimulated the activity of SHP2 (Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2), thereby activating Src and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) signaling and increasing ERK-dependent aromatase expression in osteoblasts. Our findings reveal a previously unknown role of cGMP in the regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in the bone. These results support the further development of 14 as a PKG-activating drug to mimic the anabolic effects of mechanical stimulation of bone in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisanee Wisanwattana
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kanjana Wongkrajang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Dong-yi Cao
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-ke Shi
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-hui Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zong-yuan Zhou
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-gang Mei
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Guo-lin Zhang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Wang, ; Guo-lin Zhang,
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Wang, ; Guo-lin Zhang,
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23
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Wepler M, Preuss JM, Merz T, McCook O, Radermacher P, Tuckermann JP, Vettorazzi S. Impact of downstream effects of glucocorticoid receptor dysfunction on organ function in critical illness-associated systemic inflammation. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:37. [PMID: 33336296 PMCID: PMC7746781 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-00325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are stress hormones that regulate developmental and physiological processes and are among the most potent anti-inflammatory drugs to suppress chronic and acute inflammation. GCs act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a ubiquitously expressed ligand-activated transcription factor, which translocates into the nucleus and can act via two different modes, as a GR monomer or as a GR dimer. These two modes of action are not clearly differentiated in practice and may lead to completely different therapeutic outcomes. Detailed aspects of GR mechanisms are often not taken into account when GCs are used in different clinical scenarios. Patients, with critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, treated with natural or synthetic GCs are still missing a clearly defined therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the different modes of GR function and its importance on organ function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany. .,Department of Anesthesia, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Jonathan M Preuss
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan P Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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24
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Patt M, Gysi J, Faresse N, Cidlowski JA, Odermatt A. Protein phosphatase 1 alpha enhances glucocorticoid receptor activity by a mechanism involving phosphorylation of serine-211. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110873. [PMID: 32585168 PMCID: PMC7606615 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
By acting as a ligand-dependent transcription factor the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediates the actions of glucocorticoids and regulates many physiological processes. An impaired regulation of glucocorticoid action has been associated with numerous disorders. Thus, the elucidation of underlying signaling pathways is essential to understand mechanisms of disrupted glucocorticoid function and contribution to diseases. This study found increased GR transcriptional activity upon overexpression of protein phosphatase 1 alpha (PP1α) in HEK-293 cells and decreased expression levels of GR-responsive genes following PP1α knockdown in the endogenous A549 cell model. Mechanistic investigations revealed reduced phosphorylation of GR-Ser211 following PP1α silencing and provided a first indication for an involvement of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). Thus, the present study identified PP1α as a novel post-translational activator of GR signaling, suggesting that disruption of PP1α function could lead to impaired glucocorticoid action and thereby contribute to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Patt
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 64, 4055, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Joël Gysi
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 64, 4055, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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25
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Biyong EF, Alfos S, Dumetz F, Helbling JC, Aubert A, Brossaud J, Foury A, Moisan MP, Layé S, Richard E, Patterson E, Murphy K, Rea K, Stanton C, Schellekens H, Cryan JF, Capuron L, Pallet V, Ferreira G. Dietary vitamin A supplementation prevents early obesogenic diet-induced microbiota, neuronal and cognitive alterations. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:588-598. [PMID: 33223517 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early consumption of obesogenic diets, rich in saturated fat and added sugar, is associated with a plethora of biological dysfunctions, at both peripheral and brain levels. Obesity is also linked to decreased vitamin A bioavailability, an essential molecule for brain plasticity and memory function. METHODS Here we investigated in mice whether dietary vitamin A supplementation (VAS) could prevent some of the metabolic, microbiota, neuronal and cognitive alterations induced by obesogenic, high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFSD) exposure from weaning to adulthood, i.e. covering periadolescent period. RESULTS As expected, VAS was effective in enhancing peripheral vitamin A levels as well as hippocampal retinoic acid levels, the active metabolite of vitamin A, regardless of the diet. VAS attenuated HFSD-induced excessive weight gain, without affecting metabolic changes, and prevented alterations of gut microbiota α-diversity. In HFSD-fed mice, VAS prevented recognition memory deficits but had no effect on aversive memory enhancement. Interestingly, VAS alleviated both HFSD-induced higher neuronal activation and lower glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation in the hippocampus after training. CONCLUSION Dietary VAS was protective against the deleterious effects of early obesogenic diet consumption on hippocampal function, possibly through modulation of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi F Biyong
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Fabien Dumetz
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.,INRAE, MycSa, UMR 1264, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Helbling
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Agnès Aubert
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Julie Brossaud
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Aline Foury
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Moisan
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Layé
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, U1035, CHU Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Kiera Murphy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kieran Rea
- APC Microbiome Ireland & Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Harriët Schellekens
- APC Microbiome Ireland & Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland & Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lucile Capuron
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Ferreira
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, UFR de Pharmacie, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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26
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Yip HYK, Chee A, Ang CS, Shin SY, Ooms LM, Mohammadi Z, Phillips WA, Daly RJ, Cole TJ, Bronson RT, Nguyen LK, Tiganis T, Hobbs RM, McLean CA, Mitchell CA, Papa A. Control of Glucocorticoid Receptor Levels by PTEN Establishes a Failsafe Mechanism for Tumor Suppression. Mol Cell 2020; 80:279-295.e8. [PMID: 33065020 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The PTEN tumor suppressor controls cell death and survival by regulating functions of various molecular targets. While the role of PTEN lipid-phosphatase activity on PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and inhibition of PI3K pathway is well characterized, the biological relevance of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity remains undefined. Here, using knockin (KI) mice harboring cancer-associated and functionally relevant missense mutations, we show that although loss of PTEN lipid-phosphatase function cooperates with oncogenic PI3K to promote rapid mammary tumorigenesis, the additional loss of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity triggered an extensive cell death response evident in early and advanced mammary tumors. Omics and drug-targeting studies revealed that PI3Ks act to reduce glucocorticoid receptor (GR) levels, which are rescued by loss of PTEN protein-phosphatase activity to restrain cell survival. Thus, we find that the dual regulation of GR by PI3K and PTEN functions as a rheostat that can be exploited for the treatment of PTEN loss-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Yan K Yip
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Annabel Chee
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ching-Seng Ang
- Bio21 Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sung-Young Shin
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Lisa M Ooms
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Zainab Mohammadi
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Roger J Daly
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Timothy J Cole
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Department of Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lan K Nguyen
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Robin M Hobbs
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Antonella Papa
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
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27
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Præstholm SM, Correia CM, Grøntved L. Multifaceted Control of GR Signaling and Its Impact on Hepatic Transcriptional Networks and Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:572981. [PMID: 33133019 PMCID: PMC7578419 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.572981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) are important regulators of development, inflammation, stress response and metabolism, demonstrated in various diseases including Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome and by the many side effects of prolonged clinical administration of GCs. These conditions include severe metabolic challenges in key metabolic organs like the liver. In the liver, GR is known to regulate the transcription of key enzymes in glucose and lipid metabolism and contribute to the regulation of circadian-expressed genes. Insights to the modes of GR regulation and the underlying functional mechanisms are key for understanding diseases and for the development of improved clinical uses of GCs. The activity and function of GR is regulated at numerous levels including ligand availability, interaction with heat shock protein (HSP) complexes, expression of GR isoforms and posttranslational modifications. Moreover, recent genomics studies show functional interaction with multiple transcription factors (TF) and coregulators in complex transcriptional networks controlling cell type-specific gene expression by GCs. In this review we describe the different regulatory steps important for GR activity and discuss how different TF interaction partners of GR selectively control hepatic gene transcription and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Grøntved
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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28
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Lesovaya EA, Savinkova AV, Morozova OV, Lylova ES, Zhidkova EM, Kulikov EP, Kirsanov KI, Klopot A, Baida G, Yakubovskaya MG, Gordon LI, Readhead B, Dudley JT, Budunova I. A Novel Approach to Safer Glucocorticoid Receptor-Targeted Anti-lymphoma Therapy via REDD1 (Regulated in Development and DNA Damage 1) Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1898-1908. [PMID: 32546661 PMCID: PMC7875139 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used for therapy of hematologic malignancies. Unfortunately, chronic treatment with glucocorticoids commonly leads to adverse effects including skin and muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. We found recently that REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage 1) plays central role in steroid atrophy. Here, we tested whether REDD1 suppression makes glucocorticoid-based therapy of blood cancer safer. Unexpectedly, approximately 50% of top putative REDD1 inhibitors selected by bioinformatics screening of Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures database (LINCS) were PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors. We selected Wortmannin, LY294002, and AZD8055 for our studies and showed that they blocked basal and glucocorticoid-induced REDD1 expression. Moreover, all PI3K/mTOR/Akt inhibitors modified glucocorticoid receptor function shifting it toward therapeutically important transrepression. PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors enhanced anti-lymphoma effects of Dexamethasone in vitro and in vivo, in lymphoma xenograft model. The therapeutic effects of PI3K inhibitor+Dexamethasone combinations ranged from cooperative to synergistic, especially in case of LY294002 and Rapamycin, used as a previously characterized reference REDD1 inhibitor. We found that coadministration of LY294002 or Rapamycin with Dexamethasone protected skin against Dexamethasone-induced atrophy, and normalized RANKL/OPG ratio indicating a reduction of Dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis. Together, our results provide foundation for further development of safer and more effective glucocorticoid-based combination therapy of hematologic malignancies using PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Lesovaya
- N.N. Blokhin NMRCO, Moscow, Russia
- I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Klopot
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gleb Baida
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Leo I Gordon
- Division of Hematology Oncology; Northwestern University; Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ben Readhead
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joel T Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Irina Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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Cooper LM, West RC, Hayes CS, Waddell DS. Dual-specificity phosphatase 29 is induced during neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy and attenuates glucocorticoid receptor activity in muscle cell culture. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C441-C454. [PMID: 32639872 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is caused by a decrease in muscle size and strength and results from a range of physiological conditions, including denervation, immobilization, corticosteroid exposure and aging. Newly named dual-specificity phosphatase 29 (Dusp29) has been identified as a novel neurogenic atrophy-induced gene in skeletal muscle. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that Dusp29 expression is significantly higher in differentiated myotubes compared with proliferating myoblasts. To determine how Dusp29 is transcriptionally regulated in skeletal muscle, fragments of the promoter region of Dusp29 were cloned, fused to a reporter gene, and found to be highly inducible in response to ectopic expression of the myogenic regulatory factors (MRF), MyoD and myogenin. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis of conserved E-box elements within the proximal promoter of Dusp29 rendered a Dusp29 reporter gene unresponsive to MRF overexpression. Dusp29, an atypical Dusp also known as Dupd1/Dusp27, was found to attenuate the ERK1/2 branch of the MAP kinase signaling pathway in muscle cells and inhibit muscle cell differentiation when ectopically expressed in proliferating myoblasts. Interestingly, Dusp29 was also found to destabilize AMPK protein while simultaneously enriching the phosphorylated pool of AMPK in muscle cells. Additionally, Dusp29 overexpression resulted in a significant increase in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein and elevation in GR phosphorylation. Finally, Dusp29 was found to significantly impair the ability of the glucocorticoid receptor to function as a transcriptional activator in muscle cells treated with dexamethasone. Identifying and characterizing the function of Dusp29 in muscle provides novel insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms for skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Rita C West
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Caleb S Hayes
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - David S Waddell
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
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Sbrini G, Brivio P, Peeva PM, Todiras M, Bader M, Alenina N, Calabrese F. The Absence of Serotonin in the Brain Alters Acute Stress Responsiveness by Interfering With the Genomic Function of the Glucocorticoid Receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:128. [PMID: 32547368 PMCID: PMC7278285 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in serotonergic transmission have been related to a major predisposition to develop psychiatric pathologies, such as depression. We took advantage of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) 2 deficient rats, characterized by a complete absence of serotonin in the brain, to evaluate whether a vulnerable genotype may influence the reaction to an acute stressor. In this context, we investigated if the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) genomic pathway activation was altered by the lack of serotonin in the central nervous system. Moreover, we analyzed the transcription pattern of the clock genes that can be affected by acute stressors. Adult wild type (TPH2+/+) and TPH2-deficient (TPH2-/-) male rats were sacrificed after exposure to one single session of acute restraint stress. Protein and gene expression analyses were conducted in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The acute stress enhanced the translocation of GRs in the nucleus of TPH2+/+ animals. This effect was blunted in TPH2-/- rats, suggesting an impairment of the GR genomic mechanism. This alteration was mirrored in the expression of GR-responsive genes: acute stress led to the up-regulation of GR-target gene expression in TPH2+/+, but not in TPH2-/- animals. Finally, clock genes were differently modulated in the two genotypes after the acute restraint stress. Overall our findings suggest that the absence of serotonin within the brain interferes with the ability of the HPA axis to correctly modulate the response to acute stress, by altering the nuclear mechanisms of the GR and modulation of clock genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sbrini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Brivio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Polina Mineva Peeva
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihail Todiras
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Charite-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Nuclear Receptors as Regulators of Pituitary Corticotroph Pro-Opiomelanocortin Transcription. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040900. [PMID: 32272677 PMCID: PMC7226830 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis plays a critical role in adaptive stress responses and maintaining organism homeostasis. The pituitary corticotroph is the central player in the HPA axis and is regulated by a plethora of hormonal and stress related factors that synergistically interact to activate and temper pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) transcription, to either increase or decrease adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production and secretion as needed. Nuclear receptors are a family of highly conserved transcription factors that can also be induced by various physiologic signals, and they mediate their responses via multiple targets to regulate metabolism and homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the modulatory roles of nuclear receptors on pituitary corticotroph cell POMC transcription, describe the unique and complex role these factors play in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) regulation and discuss potential therapeutic targets in disease states.
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Palumbo MC, Dominguez S, Dong H. Sex differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation after chronic unpredictable stress. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01586. [PMID: 32154650 PMCID: PMC7177572 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to stress, mediated through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, elicits sex differences in endocrine, neurological, and behavioral responses. However, the sex-specific factors that confer resilience or vulnerability to stress and stress-associated psychiatric disorders remain largely unknown. The evident sex differences in stress-related disease prevalence suggest the underlying differences in the neurobiological underpinnings of HPA axis regulation. METHOD Here, we used a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model to investigate the behavioral and biochemical responses of the HPA axis in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were tested in the open field and forced swim test to examine anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. Plasma corticosterone levels were measured after behavior and CUS, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and cytosolic and nuclear fractions of binding protein FKBP51 expression were taken to measure function and regulation of the stress response. RESULTS Our results indicate increased depressive-like behavior in males and females which correlated with increased corticosterone levels following CUS. However, females displayed more anxiety-like behaviors with and without CUS. Interestingly, we found trends toward dysregulation of GR protein expression in CUS females, and an increase in the GR inhibitory protein, FKBP51, in the cytosol of CUS males but not females. CONCLUSION These results suggest biochemical alterations to the HPA axis regulation which may elicit a glucocorticoid resistance in females after chronic stress and may contribute to the sex-biased vulnerability to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Palumbo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sky Dominguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Palumbo ML, Prochnik A, Wald MR, Genaro AM. Chronic Stress and Glucocorticoid Receptor Resistance in Asthma. Clin Ther 2020; 42:993-1006. [PMID: 32224031 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic and persistent exposure to negative stress can lead to adverse consequences on health. Particularly, psychosocial factors were found to increase the risk and outcome of respiratory diseases like asthma. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most efficient anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma. However, a significant proportion of patients don't respond adequately to GC administration. GC sensitivity is modulated by genetic and acquired disease-related factors. Additionally, it was proposed that endogenous corticosteroids may limit certain actions of synthetic GCs, contributing to insensitivity. Psychological and physiological stresses activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, increasing cortisol levels. Here, we review the mechanism involved in altered GC sensitivity in asthmatic patients under stressful situations. Strategies for modulation GC sensitivity and improving GC therapy are discussed. METHODS PubMed was searched for publications on psychological chronic stress and asthma, GC resistance in asthma, biological mechanisms for GC resistance, and drugs for steroid-resistant asthma, including highly potent GCs. FINDINGS GC resistance in patients with severe disease remains a major clinical problem. In asthma, experimental and clinical evidence suggests that chronic stress induces inflammatory changes, contributing to a worse GC response. GC resistant patients can be treated with other broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory drugs, but these generally have major side effects. Different mechanisms of GC resistance have been described and might be useful for developing new therapeutic strategies against it. Novel drugs, such as highly potent GCs, phosphoinositide 3-kinase-delta inhibitors that reestablish histone deacetylase-2 function, decrease of GC receptor phosphorylation by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors, or phosphatase activators, are currently in clinical development and might be combined with GC therapy in the future. Furthermore, microRNAs (small noncoding RNA molecules) operate as posttranscriptional regulators, providing another level of control of GC receptor levels. Empirical results allow postulating that the detection and study of microRNAs might be a promising approach to better characterize and treat asthmatic patients. IMPLICATIONS Many molecular and cellular pathobiological mechanisms are responsible of GC resistance. Therefore detecting specific biomarkers to help identify patients who would benefit from new therapies is crucial. Stress consitutes a negative aspect of current lifestyles that increase asthma morbidity and mortality. Adequate stress management could be an important and positive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Palumbo
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA-UNSADA-CONICET), Junín, Argentina
| | - Andrés Prochnik
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miriam Ruth Wald
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Genaro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA Paraguay, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Ponce-Lina R, Serafín N, Carranza M, Arámburo C, Prado-Alcalá RA, Luna M, Quirarte GL. Differential Phosphorylation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Hippocampal Subregions Induced by Contextual Fear Conditioning Training. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:12. [PMID: 32116592 PMCID: PMC7031480 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aversive events induce the release of glucocorticoid stress hormones that facilitate long-term memory consolidation, an effect that depends on the activation of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). GRs are distributed widely in the hippocampus. The dorsal region of the hippocampus has been related to cognitive functions and the ventral region to stress and emotion. GR acts as a transcription factor which after hormone binding becomes phosphorylated, affecting its cellular distribution and transcriptional activity. Two functionally well-described GR phosphorylation sites are serine 232 (pSer232), which enhances gene expression, and serine 246 (pSer246), having the opposite effect. Since gene expression is one of the plastic mechanisms needed for memory consolidation, we investigated if an aversive learning task would induce GR phosphorylation in the dorsal (DH) and the ventral (VH) hippocampus. We trained rats in contextual fear conditioning (CFC) using different foot-shock intensities (0.0, 0.5, or 1.5 mA). One subgroup of animals trained with each intensity was sacrificed 15 min after training and blood was collected to quantify corticosterone (CORT) levels in serum. Another subgroup was sacrificed 1 h after training and brains were collected to evaluate the immunoreactivity (IR) to GR, pSer232 and pSer246 by SDS-PAGE/Western blot in DH and VH, and by immunohistochemistry in dorsal and ventral CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampal regions. The conditioned freezing response increased in animals trained with 0.5 and 1.5 mA during training and extinction sessions. The degree of retention and CORT levels were directly related to the intensity of the foot-shock. Although total GR-IR remained unaffected after conditioning, we observed a significant increase of pSer246-IR in the dorsal region of CA1 and in both dorsal and ventral DG. The only region in which pSer232-IR was significantly elevated was ventral CA3. Our results indicate that fear conditioning training is related to GR phosphorylation in specific subregions of the hippocampus, suggesting that its transcriptional activity for gene expression is favored in ventral CA3, whereas its repressor activity for gene-silencing is increased in dorsal CA1 and in both dorsal and ventral DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Ponce-Lina
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Norma Serafín
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Martha Carranza
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Arámburo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Roberto A Prado-Alcalá
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Maricela Luna
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gina L Quirarte
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
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Small B, Millard CEF, Kisanga EP, Burman A, Anam A, Flannery C, Al-Hendy A, Whirledge S. The Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator Ulipristal Acetate Inhibits the Activity of the Glucocorticoid Receptor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5609012. [PMID: 31665442 PMCID: PMC7112983 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The selective progesterone modulator ulipristal acetate (ulipristal) offers a much-needed therapeutic option for the clinical management of uterine fibroids. Although ulipristal initially passed safety evaluations in Europe, postmarketing analysis identified cases of hepatic injury and failure, leading to restrictions on the long-term use of ulipristal. One of the factors potentially contributing to significant side effects with the selective progesterone modulators is cross-reactivity with other steroid receptors. OBJECTIVE To determine whether ulipristal can alter the activity of the endogenous glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in relevant cell types. DESIGN Immortalized human uterine fibroid cells (UtLM) and hepatocytes (HepG2) were treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone and/or ulipristal. Primary uterine fibroid tissue was isolated from patients undergoing elective gynecological surgery and treated ex vivo with dexamethasone and/or ulipristal. In vivo ulipristal exposure was performed in C57Bl/6 mice to measure the effect on basal gene expression in target tissues throughout the body. RESULTS Dexamethasone induced the expression of established glucocorticoid-target genes period 1 (PER1), FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5), and glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in UtLM and HepG2 cells, whereas cotreatment with ulipristal blocked the transcriptional response to glucocorticoids in a dose-dependent manner. Ulipristal inhibited glucocorticoid-mediated phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and DNA interactions of GR. Glucocorticoid stimulation of PER1, FKBP5, and GILZ was abolished by cotreatment with ulipristal in primary uterine fibroid tissue. The expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes was decreased in the lung, liver, and uterus of mice exposed to 2 mg/kg ulipristal. Interestingly, transcript levels of Fkbp5 and Gilz were increased in the hippocampus and pituitary. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate that ulipristal inhibits endogenous glucocorticoid signaling in human fibroid and liver cells, which is an important consideration for its use as a long-term therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Small
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Charles E F Millard
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Edwina P Kisanga
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andreanna Burman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anika Anam
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Clare Flannery
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shannon Whirledge
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Shannon Whirledge, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar St, Office LSOG 204C, New Haven, CT, 06510. E-mail:
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Franks AL, Berry KJ, DeFranco DB. Prenatal drug exposure and neurodevelopmental programming of glucocorticoid signalling. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12786. [PMID: 31469457 PMCID: PMC6982551 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal neurodevelopment is dependent on precise functioning of multiple signalling pathways in the brain, including those mobilised by glucocorticoids (GC) and endocannabinoids (eCBs). Prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse, including opioids, alcohol, cocaine and cannabis, has been shown to not only impact GC signalling, but also alter functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Such exposures can have long-lasting neurobehavioural consequences, including alterations in the stress response in the offspring. Furthermore, cannabis contains cannabinoids that signal via the eCB pathway, which is linked to some components of GC signalling in the adult brain. Given that GCs are frequently used in pregnancy to prevent complications of prematurity, and also that rates of cannabis use in pregnancy are increasing, the likelihood of foetal co-exposure to these compounds is high and may have additional implications for long-term neurodevelopment. Here, we present a discussion of GC signalling and the HPA axis, as well as the effects of prenatal drug exposure on these pathways and the stress response, and we explore the interactions between GC and EC signalling in the developing brain and potential for neurodevelopmental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis L Franks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly J Berry
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Donald B DeFranco
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Canet G, Pineau F, Zussy C, Hernandez C, Hunt H, Chevallier N, Perrier V, Torrent J, Belanoff JK, Meijer OC, Desrumaux C, Givalois L. Glucocorticoid receptors signaling impairment potentiates amyloid-β oligomers-induced pathology in an acute model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2019; 34:1150-1168. [PMID: 31914623 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900723rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis occurs early in Alzheimer's disease (AD), associated with elevated circulating glucocorticoids (GC) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) signaling impairment. However, the precise role of GR in the pathophysiology of AD remains unclear. Using an acute model of AD induced by the intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-β oligomers (oAβ), we analyzed cellular and behavioral hallmarks of AD, GR signaling pathways, processing of amyloid precursor protein, and enzymes involved in Tau phosphorylation. We focused on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), particularly rich in GR, early altered in AD and involved in HPA axis control and cognitive functions. We found that oAβ impaired cognitive and emotional behaviors, increased plasma GC levels, synaptic deficits, apoptosis and neuroinflammatory processes. Moreover, oAβ potentiated the amyloidogenic pathway and enzymes involved both in Tau hyperphosphorylation and GR activation. Treatment with a selective GR modulator (sGRm) normalized plasma GC levels and all behavioral and biochemical parameters analyzed. GR seems to occupy a central position in the pathophysiology of AD. Deregulation of the HPA axis and a feed-forward effect on PFC GR sensitivity could participate in the etiology of AD, in perturbing Aβ and Tau homeostasis. These results also reinforce the therapeutic potential of sGRm in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Canet
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Pineau
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Charleine Zussy
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Célia Hernandez
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Hazel Hunt
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Chevallier
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Perrier
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Joan Torrent
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | | | - Onno C Meijer
- Einthoven Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Givalois
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Dementia (MMDN) Laboratory, INSERM U1198, Team Environmental Impact in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (EiAlz), Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
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38
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Liu JH, Li C, Zhang CH, Zhang ZH. LncRNA-CASC7 enhances corticosteroid sensitivity via inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by targeting miR-21 in severe asthma. Pulmonology 2019; 26:18-26. [PMID: 31412983 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma, a common chronic inflammatory disease, is treated with corticosteroid in most cases, but corticosteroid resistance in severe asthma patients seriously impairs the therapeutic effects. LncRNA-CASC7 inhibits cell proliferation and enhances drug sensitivity, but the molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid resistance in severe asthma are still unknown. METHODS Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) from healthy and severe asthmatic subjects were used in this study. The expression of CASC7 and miR-21 were modified by transfection with the pcDNA3.1-CASC7, miR-21 mimics and inhibitor. MTT assay was conducted to measure cell proliferation. ELISA assay was used to determine the secretion of CCL5, CCL11 and IL-6. The phosphorylation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the PI3K/AKT signaling were assessed by western blotting assays. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of CASC7, miR-21 and PTEN. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to assess the interaction among CASC7, miR-21 and PTEN. RESULTS Compared with AMSCs from severe asthma patients, dexamethasone inhibited cytokines (CCL5, CCL11 and IL-6) and promoted the phosphorylation of GR more significantly in normal AMSCs. CASC7 expression was suppressed while miR-21 expression and AKT activity were promoted in ASMCs from severe asthma patients. CASC7 promoted PTEN expression via directly inhibiting miR-21 expression. Overexpression of CASC7 suppressed the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promoted the inhibition effects of dexamethasone on cell proliferation and cytokines secretion via targeting miR-21. CONCLUSION CASC7 increased corticosteroid sensitivity by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via targeting miR-21, which provided a promising potential target for designing novel therapeutic strategy for severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Chang-Hong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hua Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, PR China.
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39
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Morris G, Berk M, Maes M, Carvalho AF, Puri BK. Socioeconomic Deprivation, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Medical Disorders in Adulthood: Mechanisms and Associations. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5866-5890. [PMID: 30685844 PMCID: PMC6614134 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Severe socioeconomic deprivation (SED) and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are significantly associated with the development in adulthood of (i) enhanced inflammatory status and/or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction and (ii) neurological, neuroprogressive, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which these associations take place are detailed. The two sets of consequences are themselves strongly associated, with the first set likely contributing to the second. Mechanisms enabling bidirectional communication between the immune system and the brain are described, including complex signalling pathways facilitated by factors at the level of immune cells. Also detailed are mechanisms underpinning the association between SED, ACE and the genesis of peripheral inflammation, including epigenetic changes to immune system-related gene expression. The duration and magnitude of inflammatory responses can be influenced by genetic factors, including single nucleotide polymorphisms, and by epigenetic factors, whereby pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species and nuclear factor-κB affect gene DNA methylation and histone acetylation and also induce several microRNAs including miR-155, miR-181b-1 and miR-146a. Adult HPA axis activity is regulated by (i) genetic factors, such as glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms; (ii) epigenetic factors affecting glucocorticoid receptor function or expression, including the methylation status of alternative promoter regions of NR3C1 and the methylation of FKBP5 and HSD11β2; (iii) chronic inflammation and chronic nitrosative and oxidative stress. Finally, it is shown how severe psychological stress adversely affects mitochondrial structure and functioning and is associated with changes in brain mitochondrial DNA copy number and transcription; mitochondria can act as couriers of childhood stress into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Kenneth Myer Building, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Basant K Puri
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Quinn MA, Xu X, Ronfani M, Cidlowski JA. Estrogen Deficiency Promotes Hepatic Steatosis via a Glucocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Mechanism in Mice. Cell Rep 2019. [PMID: 29514097 PMCID: PMC5875726 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are master regulators of systemic metabolism. Intriguingly, Cushing’s syndrome, a disorder of excessive GCs, phenocopies several menopause-induced metabolic pathologies. Here, we show that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) drives steatosis in hypogonadal female mice because hepatocyte-specific GR knockout mice are refractory to developing ovariectomy-induced steatosis. Intriguingly, transcriptional profiling revealed that ovariectomy elicits hepatic GC hypersensitivity globally. Hypogonadism-induced GC hypersensitivity results from a loss of systemic but not hepatic estrogen (E2) signaling, given that hepatocyte-specific E2 receptor deletion does not confer GC hypersensitivity. Mechanistically, enhanced chromatin recruitment and ligand-dependent hyperphosphorylation of GR underlie ovariectomy-induced glucocorticoid hypersensitivity. The dysregulated glucocorticoid-mediated signaling present in hypogonadal females is a product of increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) production because FSH treatment in ovary-intact mice recapitulates glucocorticoid hypersensitivity similar to hypogonadal female mice. Our findings uncover a regulatory axis between estradiol, FSH, and hepatic glucocorticoid receptor signaling that, when disrupted, as in menopause, promotes hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Quinn
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Xu
- Laboratory of Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Melania Ronfani
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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41
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Persistence of learning-induced synapses depends on neurotrophic priming of glucocorticoid receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13097-13106. [PMID: 31182610 PMCID: PMC6601006 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903203116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction upon activation of receptor tyrosine kinases by neurotrophins and nuclear receptors by glucocorticoids is essential for homeostasis. Phosphorylation (PO4) is one way these receptors communicate with one another to support homeostatic reactions in learning and memory. Using a newly developed glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-PO4–deficient knock-in mouse, we show that consolidation of learning-induced neuroplasticity depends on both GR-PO4 and neurotrophic signaling. Cross-talk between these pathways affects experience-dependent neuroplasticity and behavior, extending previous implications of neurotrophic priming of glucocorticoid response for adaptive plasticity to chronic stress and antidepressant response. Therefore, a disruption of cross-talk between these pathways by, for example, the misalignment of circadian glucocorticoid release and experience-dependent neurotrophic signaling may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Stress can either promote or impair learning and memory. Such opposing effects depend on whether synapses persist or decay after learning. Maintenance of new synapses formed at the time of learning upon neuronal network activation depends on the stress hormone-activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and neurotrophic factor release. Whether and how concurrent GR and neurotrophin signaling integrate to modulate synaptic plasticity and learning is not fully understood. Here, we show that deletion of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)–dependent GR-phosphorylation (PO4) sites impairs long-term memory retention and maintenance of newly formed postsynaptic dendritic spines in the mouse cortex after motor skills training. Chronic stress and the BDNF polymorphism Val66Met disrupt the BDNF-dependent GR-PO4 pathway necessary for preserving training-induced spines and previously acquired memories. Conversely, enrichment living promotes spine formation but fails to salvage training-related spines in mice lacking BDNF-dependent GR-PO4 sites, suggesting it is essential for spine consolidation and memory retention. Mechanistically, spine maturation and persistence in the motor cortex depend on synaptic mobilization of the glutamate receptor subunit A1 (GluA1) mediated by GR-PO4. Together, these findings indicate that regulation of GR-PO4 via activity-dependent BDNF signaling is important for the formation and maintenance of learning-dependent synapses. They also define a signaling mechanism underlying these effects.
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42
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Petrillo MG, Oakley RH, Cidlowski JA. β-Arrestin-1 inhibits glucocorticoid receptor turnover and alters glucocorticoid signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11225-11239. [PMID: 31167788 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are among the most widely used drugs to treat many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Although much research has been focused on investigating glucocorticoid activity, it remains unclear how glucocorticoids regulate distinct processes in different cells. Glucocorticoids exert their effects through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which, upon glucocorticoid binding, interacts with regulatory proteins, affecting its activity and function. These protein-protein interactions are necessary for the resolution of glucocorticoid-dependent physiological and pharmacological processes. In this study, we discovered a novel protein interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and β-arrestin-1, a scaffold protein with a well-established role in G protein-coupled receptor signaling. Using co-immunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assays in A549 cells, we observed that β-arrestin-1 and unliganded GR interact in the cytoplasm and that, following glucocorticoid binding, the protein complex is found in the nucleus. We show that siRNA-mediated β-arrestin-1 knockdown alters GR protein turnover by up-regulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino-1, which catalyzes GR ubiquitination and thereby marks the receptor for proteasomal degradation. The enhanced GR turnover observed in β-arrestin-1-deficient cells limits the duration of the glucocorticoid response on GR target genes. These results demonstrate that β-arrestin-1 is a crucial player for the stability of the glucocorticoid receptor. The GR/β-arrestin-1 interaction uncovered here may help unravel mechanisms that contribute to the cell type-specific activities of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Petrillo
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Robert H Oakley
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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43
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Goleva E, Babineau DC, Gill MA, Jackson LP, Shao B, Hu Z, Liu AH, Visness CM, Sorkness CA, Leung DYM, Togias A, Busse WW. Expression of corticosteroid-regulated genes by PBMCs in children with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:940-947.e6. [PMID: 30059697 PMCID: PMC8210855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variability in response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) can result in less than optimal asthma control. Development of biomarkers assessing the therapeutic efficacy of corticosteroids is important. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine whether in vitro PBMC responses to corticosteroids relate to the clinical ICS response. METHODS PBMCs were collected from 125 children with asthma (6-17 years) at enrollment (visit 0 [V0]) and after 1 year of bimonthly guidelines-based management visits (visit 6 [V6]). Difficult-to-control and easy-to-control asthma were defined as requiring daily therapy with 500 μg or more of fluticasone propionate (FLU) with or without a long-acting β-agonist versus 100 μg or less of FLU in at least 4 visits. mRNA levels of glucocorticoid receptor α and corticosteroid transactivation (FK506-binding protein 5) and transrepression markers (IL-8 and TNF-α) were measured by using RT-PCR in freshly isolated cells and in response to 10-8 mol/L FLU. RESULTS Compared with PBMCs from patients with easy-to-control asthma, PBMCs from those with difficult-to-control asthma had significantly lower glucocorticoid receptor α levels at V0 (P = .05). A 30% increase in IL-8 suppression by FLU (P = .04) and a trend for increased TNF-α suppression by FLU between V0 and V6 (P = .07) were observed in patients with easy-to-control asthma. In contrast, no changes between V0 and V6 in IL-8 and TNF-α suppression by FLU were observed in patients with difficult-to-control asthma. Corticosteroid-mediated transactivation (FK506-binding protein 5 induction by FLU) increased in the PBMCs of patients with difficult-to-control and easy-to-control asthma between V0 and V6 (P = .05 and P = .03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS PBMCs of children with difficult-to-control asthma treated with guidelines-based therapy and requiring high-dose ICSs had reduced in vitro responsiveness to corticosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo.
| | | | - Michelle A Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Leisa P Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Baomei Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Zheng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Andrew H Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Christine A Sorkness
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | | | - Alkis Togias
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md
| | - William W Busse
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
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44
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PI3K inhibitors protect against glucocorticoid-induced skin atrophy. EBioMedicine 2019; 41:526-537. [PMID: 30737086 PMCID: PMC6441871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin atrophy is a major adverse effect of topical glucocorticoids. We recently reported that REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage 1) and FKBP51 (FK506 binding protein 5), negative regulators of mTOR/Akt signaling, are induced by glucocorticoids in mouse and human skin and are central drivers of steroid skin atrophy. Thus, we hypothesized that REDD1/FKBP51 inhibitors could protect skin against catabolic effects of glucocorticoids. Methods Using drug repurposing approach, we screened LINCS library (http://lincsproject.org/LINCS/) to identify repressors of REDD1/FKBP51 expression. Candidate compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit glucocorticoid-induced REDD1/FKBP51 expression in human primary/immortalized keratinocytes and in mouse skin. Reporter gene expression, microarray, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to evaluate effect of these inhibitors on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling. Findings Bioinformatics analysis unexpectedly identified phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/mTOR/Akt inhibitors as a pharmacological class of REDD1/FKBP51 repressors. Selected PI3K/mTOR/Akt inhibitors-Wortmannin (WM), LY294002, AZD8055, and two others indeed blocked REDD1/FKBP51expression in human keratinocytes. PI3K/mTOR/Akt inhibitors also modified global effect of glucocorticoids on trascriptome, shifting it towards therapeutically important transrepression; negatively impacted GR phosphorylation; nuclear translocation; and GR loading on REDD1/FKBP51 gene promoters. Further, topical application of LY294002 together with glucocorticoid fluocinolone acetonide (FA) protected mice against FA-induced proliferative block and skin atrophy but did not alter the anti-inflammatory activity of FA in ear edema test. Interpretation Our results built a strong foundation for development of safer GR-targeted therapies for inflammatory skin diseases using combination of glucocorticoids with PI3K/mTOR/Akt inhibitors. Fund Work is supported by NIH grants R01GM112945, R01AI125366, and HESI-THRIVE foundation.
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45
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Ibrutinib reprograms the glucocorticoid receptor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia 2019; 33:1650-1662. [PMID: 30696950 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR) phosphorylation and signature genes were studied in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells to help place GCs within modern treatment algorithms. In contrast to normal B and T cells, transcription of GC-regulated genes was not rhythmic and the synthetic GC dexamethasone (DEX) could not inhibit toll-like receptor (TLR)-responses in CLL cells. This intrinsic GC-resistance was associated with aberrant GR-phosphorylation on activating Ser211 and inhibitory Ser226 sites. Ibrutinib increased transcription of the GR-signature gene GILZ in circulating CLL cells along with GR(pS211)/GR(pS226) ratios and lytic sensitivity to DEX that were not reversed by the competitive antagonist mifepristone in vitro. However, ibrutinib could not improve GR-responses in circulating CLL cells activated with IL2 and TLR7/8 agonists to mimic conditions in pseudofollicle microenvironments. Addition of the janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib to block ibrutinib-insensitive signals increased GILZ transcription in pseudofollicle conditions in vitro and in a clinical trial (NCT02912754), and also increased GR(S211)/GR(S226) ratios and DEX-mediated killing in patient samples in vitro. These observations suggest that intrinsic resistance to endogenous GCs is characteristic of CLL cells and ibrutinib may help increase the therapeutic activity of GCs by non-canonical activation of GR.
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Saracino PG, Rossetti ML, Steiner JL, Gordon BS. Hormonal regulation of core clock gene expression in skeletal muscle following acute aerobic exercise. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:871-876. [PMID: 30538043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Exercise increases skeletal muscle health in part by altering the types of genes that are transcribed. Previous work suggested that glucocorticoids signal through the protein Regulated in Development and DNA Damage 1 (REDD1) to regulate gene expression following acute aerobic exercise. The present study shows that expression of the core clock gene, Period1, is among those modulated by the glucocorticoid-REDD1 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle. We also provide evidence that Aldosterone and Epinephrine contribute to the regulation of Period1 expression via REDD1. These data show that adrenal stress hormones signal through REDD1 to regulate skeletal muscle gene expression, specifically those of the core clock, following acute aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Saracino
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Science, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Michael L Rossetti
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Science, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Jennifer L Steiner
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Science, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bradley S Gordon
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Science, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
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47
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Jeanneteau F, Borie A, Chao MV, Garabedian MJ. Bridging the Gap between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Glucocorticoid Effects on Brain Networks. Neuroendocrinology 2019; 109:277-284. [PMID: 30572337 DOI: 10.1159/000496392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral choices made by the brain during stress depend on glucocorticoid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathways acting in synchrony in the mesolimbic (reward) and corticolimbic (emotion) neural networks. Deregulated expression of BDNF and glucocorticoid receptors in brain valuation areas may compromise the integration of signals. Glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation upon BDNF signaling in neurons represents one mechanism underlying the integration of BDNF and glucocorticoid signals that when off balance may lay the foundation of maladaptations to stress. Here, we propose that BDNF signaling conditions glucocorticoid responses impacting neural plasticity in the mesocorticolimbic system. This provides a novel molecular framework for understanding how brain networks use BDNF and glucocorticoid signaling contingencies to forge receptive neuronal fields in temporal domains defined by behavioral experience, and in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Jeanneteau
- Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle, Inserm, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France,
| | - Amélie Borie
- Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle, Inserm, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Moses V Chao
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Moulton E, Chamness M, Knox D. Characterizing changes in glucocorticoid receptor internalization in the fear circuit in an animal model of post traumatic stress disorder. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205144. [PMID: 30532228 PMCID: PMC6286002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) shuttle from the cytoplasm (cy) to the nucleus (nu) when bound with glucocorticoids (i.e. GR internalization) and alter transcriptional activity. GR activation within the fear circuit has been implicated in fear memory and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, no study to date has characterized GR internalization within the fear circuit during fear memory formation or examined how traumatic stress impacts this process. To address this, we assayed cy and nu GR levels at baseline and after auditory fear conditioning (FC) in the single prolonged stress (SPS) model of PTSD. Cy and nu GRs within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dorsal hippocampus (dHipp), ventral hippocampus (vHipp), and amygdala (AMY) were assayed using western blot. The distribution of GR in the cy and nu (at baseline and after FC) was varied across individual nodes of the fear circuit. At baseline, SPS enhanced cyGRs in the dHipp, but decreased cyGRs in the AMY. FC only enhanced GR internalization in the AMY and this effect was attenuated by SPS exposure. SPS also decreased cyGRs in the dHipp after FC. The results of this study suggests that GR internalization is varied across the fear circuit, which in turn suggests GR activation is selectively regulated within individual nodes of the fear circuit. The findings also suggest that changes in GR dynamics in the dHipp and AMY modulate the enhancing effect SPS has on fear memory persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Moulton
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Marisa Chamness
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Dayan Knox
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald B DeFranco
- Associate Dean for Medical Student Research Professor and Vice Chair of Education, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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50
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Britt RD, Thompson MA, Sasse S, Pabelick CM, Gerber AN, Prakash YS. Th1 cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ promote corticosteroid resistance in developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L71-L81. [PMID: 30335498 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00547.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids (CSs) are commonly used to manage wheezing and asthma in pediatric populations. Although corticosteroids are effective in alleviating airway diseases, some children with more moderate-severe asthma phenotypes show CS resistance and exhibit significant airflow obstruction, persistent inflammation, and more frequent exacerbations. Previous studies have demonstrated that Th1 cytokines, such as TNF-α and IFN-γ, promote CS resistance in adult human airway smooth muscle (ASM). In the present study, using a human fetal ASM cell model, we tested the hypothesis that TNF-α/IFN-γ induces CS resistance. In contrast to TNF-α or IFN-γ alone, the combination of TNF-α/IFN-γ blunted the ability of fluticasone propionate (FP) to reduce expression of the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 despite expression of key anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid receptor target genes being largely unaffected by TNF-α/IFN-γ. Expression of the NF-κB subunit p65 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were elevated in cells treated with TNF-α/IFN-γ, an effect that remained in the presence of FP. siRNA knockdown studies demonstrated the effects of TNF-α/IFN-γ on increased p65 are mediated by Stat1, a transcription factor activated by IFN-γ. Expression of TNFAIP3, a negative regulator of NF-κB activity, was not altered by TNF-α/IFN-γ. However, the effects of TNF-α/IFN-γ were partially reduced by overexpression of TNFAIP3 but did not influence p65 expression. Together, these data suggest that IFN-γ augments the effects of TNF-α on chemokines by enhancing expression of key inflammatory pathways in the presence of CS. Interactions between TNF-α- and IFN-γ-mediated pathways may promote inflammation in asthmatic children resistant to CSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Britt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sarah Sasse
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health , Denver, Colorado
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony N Gerber
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health , Denver, Colorado
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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