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Skalny AV, Aschner M, Zhang F, Guo X, Buha Djordevic A, Sotnikova TI, Korobeinikova TV, Domingo JL, Farsky SHP, Tinkov AA. Molecular mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced cartilage damage: from developmental disorders to osteoarthritis. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2763-2796. [PMID: 38758407 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review the molecular mechanisms of the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on chondrocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM). Existing data demonstrate that both heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As), as well as organic pollutants, including polychlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), bisphenol A, phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pesticides, and certain other organic pollutants that target cartilage ontogeny and functioning. Overall, environmental pollutants reduce chondrocyte viability through the induction apoptosis, senescence, and inflammatory response, resulting in cell death and impaired ECM production. The effects of organic pollutants on chondrocyte development and viability were shown to be mediated by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling and modulation of non-coding RNA expression. Adverse effects of pollutant exposures were observed in articular and growth plate chondrocytes. These mechanisms also damage chondrocyte precursors and subsequently hinder cartilage development. In addition, pollutant exposure was shown to impair chondrogenesis by inhibiting the expression of Sox9 and other regulators. Along with altered Runx2 signaling, these effects also contribute to impaired chondrocyte hypertrophy and chondrocyte-to-osteoblast trans-differentiation, resulting in altered endochondral ossification. Several organic pollutants including PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PAHs, were shown to induce transgenerational adverse effects on cartilage development and the resulting skeletal deformities. Despite of epidemiological evidence linking human environmental pollutant exposure to osteoarthritis or other cartilage pathologies, the data on the molecular mechanisms of adverse effects of environmental pollutant exposure on cartilage tissue were obtained from studies in laboratory rodents, fish, or cell cultures and should be carefully extrapolated to humans, although they clearly demonstrate that cartilage should be considered a putative target for environmental pollutant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital N. a. S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Korobeinikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jose L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 4320, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sandra H P Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 005508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia.
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia.
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2
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Ahkin Chin Tai JK, Horzmann KA, Jenkins TL, Akoro IN, Stradtman S, Aryal UK, Freeman JL. Adverse developmental impacts in progeny of zebrafish exposed to the agricultural herbicide atrazine during embryogenesis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108213. [PMID: 37774458 PMCID: PMC10613503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is an herbicide commonly used on crops in the Midwestern US and other select global regions. The US Environmental Protection Agency ATZ regulatory limit is 3 parts per billion (ppb; µg/L), but this limit is often exceeded. ATZ has a long half-life, is a common contaminant of drinking water sources, and is indicated as an endocrine disrupting chemical in multiple species. The zebrafish was used to test the hypothesis that an embryonic parental ATZ exposure alters protein levels leading to modifications in morphology and behavior in developing progeny. Zebrafish embryos (F1) were collected from adults (F0) exposed to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30 ppb ATZ during embryogenesis. Differential proteomics, morphology, and behavior assays were completed with offspring aged 120 or 144 h with no additional chemical treatment. Proteomic analysis identified differential expression of proteins associated with neurological development and disease; and organ and organismal morphology, development, and injury, specifically the skeletomuscular system. Head length and ratio of head length to total length was significantly increased in the F1 of 0.3 and 30 ppb ATZ groups (p < 0.05). Based on molecular pathway alterations, further craniofacial morphology assessment found decreased distance for cartilaginous structures, decreased surface area and distance between saccular otoliths, and a more posteriorly positioned notochord (p < 0.05), indicating delayed ossification and skeletal growth. The visual motor response assay showed hyperactivity in progeny of the 30 ppb treatment group for distance moved and of the 0.3 and 30 ppb treatment groups for time spent moving (p < 0.05). Due to the changes in saccular otoliths, an acoustic startle assay was completed and showed decreased response in the 0.3 and 30 ppb treatments (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that a single embryonic parental exposure alters cellular pathways in their progeny that lead to perturbations in craniofacial development and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharine A Horzmann
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Thomas L Jenkins
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Isabelle N Akoro
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sydney Stradtman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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3
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Mendonça JDS, Hirano LQL, Santos ALQ, de Melo E Silva D, de Castro Pereira C, Costa MS, de Lima PN, Araújo APDC, Malafaia G, Ambrósio IS, de Moura Bife Castilho L, Dos Santos ALR, de Faria AM, de Andrade DV, Vieira LG. The exposure in ovo of embryos belonging to Amazonian turtle species Podocnemis expansa (Testudines) to commercial glyphosate and fipronil formulations impairs their growth and changes their skeletal development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156709. [PMID: 35718176 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in agricultural production; moreover, they can have direct and indirect effect on both flora and fauna. Aquatic organisms, among other animals, including reptiles, are mainly susceptible to contamination effects. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that the incubation of Podocnemis expansa eggs in substrate added with glyphosate and fipronil formulations changes their viability, interferes with their growth and induces bone alterations. Eggs collected in natural environment were artificially incubated in sand moistened with water added with glyphosate Atar 48, at concentrations of 65 or 6500 μg/L (groups G1 and G2, respectively), and with fipronil Regent 800 WG at 4 or 400 μg/L (groups F1 and F2, respectively) or, yet, with the combination of 65 μg/L glyphosate and 4 μg/L fipronil, or with 6500 μg/L glyphosate and 400 μg/L fipronil (groups GF1 and GF2, respectively). The level of exposure to the herein assessed pesticides was quantified at the end of the incubation period; it was done by dosing its concentration in eggshells. Eggs exposed to the tested pesticides did not have their viability affected by it; however, all embryos exposed to the tested pesticides showed lowered body mass at hatch, as well as impaired development. In addition, bone malformation in the scleral ossicular ring was observed in individuals in groups F1, F2 and GF1. Pesticides accumulated in eggshells at concentrations related to exposure level. Thus, the recorded results have evidenced some remarkably relevant, and previously unknown, impacts associated with the exposure of a species listed as lower risk/conservation dependent, which spends most of its life in the water, to two widely used pesticides, at a very sensitive stage of its life, namely: egg incubation on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Dos Santos Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Evolução e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Quagliatto Santos
- Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Animais Silvestres, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Castro Pereira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Matheus Santos Costa
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Phâmella Neres de Lima
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Amplicada ao Meio Ambiente, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Amplicada ao Meio Ambiente, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Instituição Federal Goiano e Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Isabela Sayuri Ambrósio
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Lais de Moura Bife Castilho
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Anizio Marcio de Faria
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Denis Vieira de Andrade
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Huang W, Wang X, Zheng S, Wu R, Liu C, Wu K. Effect of bisphenol A on craniofacial cartilage development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: A morphological study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 212:111991. [PMID: 33548570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is present in everyday-used consumables and common household products. Although the side effects of BPA have been sufficiently explored, little is known the effects of environmentally relevant low levels of BPA on chondrogenesis in skeletal development. Here we used a morphological approach to investigate whether exposure to BPA (0, 0.0038, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0 μM) could affect craniofacial cartilage development of zebrafish embryo. Furthermore, we sought to determine receptor-mediated BPA induced chondrogenesis toxicity by co-exposing developing embryos to BPA and various inhibitors. Low-dose BPA affected heart rate and induced body and head elongation of larvae. Quantitative morphometric and histopathological analysis revealed that BPA exposure changed the angle and length of craniofacial cartilage elements and disrupted chondrocytes. BPA induced pharyngeal cartilage defects via multiple cellular pathways, including estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, and estrogen-related receptors. Our findings demonstrate that BPA alters the normal development of cartilage and craniofacial structures in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, in this study we find multiple cellular pathways mediating the effects of BPA-induced craniofacial chondrogenesis toxicity. Further experiments will allow for establishing a connection between BPA and increased risk of congenital malformation of the facial cranium in BPA-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Ahkin Chin Tai JK, Horzmann KA, Franco J, Jannasch AS, Cooper BR, Freeman JL. Developmental atrazine exposure in zebrafish produces the same major metabolites as mammals along with altered behavioral outcomes. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 85:106971. [PMID: 33713789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is the second most commonly applied agricultural herbicide in the United States. Due to contamination concerns, the U.S. EPA has set the maximum contaminant level in potable water sources at 3 parts per billion (ppb; μg/l). Depending on the time of year and sampling location, water sources often exceed this limit. ATZ is an endocrine disrupting chemical in multiple species observed to target the neuroendocrine system. In this study the zebrafish vertebrate model was used to test the hypothesis that a developmental ATZ exposure generates metabolites similar to those found in mammals and alters morphology and behavior in developing larvae. Adult AB zebrafish were bred, embryos were collected, and exposed to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30 ppb ATZ from 1 to 120 h post fertilization (hpf). Targeted metabolomic analysis found that zebrafish produce the same major ATZ metabolites as mammals: desethyl atrazine (DEA), deisopropyl atrazine (DIA), and diaminochloroatrazine (DACT). The visual motor response test at 120 hpf detected hyperactivity in larvae in the 0.3 ppb treatment group and hypoactivity in the 30 ppb treatment group (p < 0.05). Further analysis into behavior during the dark and light phases showed zebrafish larvae exposed to 0.3 ppb ATZ had an increase in total distance moved in the first light phase and time spent moving in the first dark and light phases (p < 0.05). Alternatively, a decrease in total distance moved was observed in the second and third dark phases in zebrafish exposed to 30 ppb ATZ (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for any of the morphological measurements following ATZ exposure from 1 to 120 hpf (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that a ATZ exposure during early development generates metabolite profiles similar to mammals and leads to behavioral alterations supporting ATZ as a neurodevelopmental toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jackeline Franco
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amber S Jannasch
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bruce R Cooper
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Viriato C, França FM, Santos DS, Marcantonio AS, Badaró-Pedroso C, Ferreira CM. Evaluation of the potential teratogenic and toxic effect of the herbicide 2,4-D (DMA® 806) in bullfrog embryos and tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129018. [PMID: 33250224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential teratogenic and toxic effect of the herbicide 2,4-D (DMA® 806) on bullfrog embryos and tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus). We used the FETAX (Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay Xenopus) assay for embryos, and for tadpoles, we used acute (96 h) and chronic (49 days) toxicity tests and evaluated aspects of healthiness, hematology, and histopathology. The LC50-144h (Median Lethal Concentration), EC50-144h (Median Effective Concentration), MCIG (Minimum Concentration to Inhibit Growth) and TI (Teratogenic Index) for embryos were 792 mg/L, 593 mg/L, 150 mg/L of 2,4-D (DMA) and 1.34, respectively. For tadpoles, the LC50-96h was 700 mg/L of 2,4-D (DMA) and chronic test indicated an inflammatory process and erythrocytosis (with possible polycythemia), with consequent reduction of the spleen. This demonstrates physiological stress probably due to dehydration, which can be proven by the gill tufts widening intercellular space and gill tuft fusions. We also found injuries to the kidneys and skin of the animals even in the lowest concentration tested. Our results indicated that this pesticide is minimally teratogenic and has a low toxicity on L. catesbeianus embryos and tadpoles, but it can inhibit embryo growth in concentrations lower than those tested in this study. We hypothesized that the herbicide 2,4-D (DMA® 806) may be a respiratory allergen for L. catesbeianus tadpoles and recommend precautionary measures for prolonged exposure of aquatic organisms to this pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Viriato
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, 455 Francisco Matarazzo Ave., 05001-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Menezes França
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, 455 Francisco Matarazzo Ave., 05001-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Sales Santos
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, 455 Francisco Matarazzo Ave., 05001-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Sacioto Marcantonio
- APTA Regional - APTA - SAA, 1920 Professor Manoel César Ribeiro Ave., 12411-010, Pindamonhangaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cintia Badaró-Pedroso
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, 455 Francisco Matarazzo Ave., 05001-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maris Ferreira
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, 455 Francisco Matarazzo Ave., 05001-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Modeling and Prioritizing Interventions Using Pollution Hotspots for Reducing Nutrients, Atrazine and E. coli Concentrations in a Watershed. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Excess nutrients and herbicides remain two major causes of waterbody impairment globally. In an attempt to better understand pollutant sources in the Big Sandy Creek Watershed (BSCW) and the prospects for successful remediation, a program was initiated to assist agricultural producers with the implementation of best management practices (BMPs). The objectives were to (1) simulate BMPs within hotspots to determine reductions in pollutant loads and (2) to determine if water-quality standards are met at the watershed outlet. Regression-based load estimator (LOADEST) was used for determining sediment, nutrient and atrazine loads, while artificial neural networks (ANN) were used for determining E. coli concentrations. With respect to reducing sediment, total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads at hotspots with individual BMPs, implementing grassed waterways resulted in average reductions of 97%, 53% and 65% respectively if implemented all over the hotspots. Although reducing atrazine application rate by 50% in all hotspots was the most effective BMP for reducing atrazine concentrations (21%) at the gauging station 06883940, this reduction was still six times higher than the target concentration. Similarly, with grassed waterways established in all hotspots, the 64% reduction in E. coli concentration was not enough to meet the target at the gauging station. With scaled-down acreage based on the proposed implementation plan, filter strip led to more pollutant reductions at the targeted hotspots. Overall, a combination of filter strip, grassed waterway and atrazine rate reduction will most likely yield measureable improvement both in the hotspots (>20% reduction in sediment, total nitrogen and total phosphorus pollution) and at the gauging station. Despite the model’s uncertainties, the results showed a possibility of using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to assess the effectiveness of various BMPs in agricultural watersheds.
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Sanoh S, Hanada H, Kashiwagi K, Mori T, Goto-Inoue N, Suzuki KIT, Mori J, Nakamura N, Yamamoto T, Kitamura S, Kotake Y, Sugihara K, Ohta S, Kashiwagi A. Amiodarone bioconcentration and suppression of metamorphosis in Xenopus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105623. [PMID: 32956954 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trace concentrations of a number of pharmaceutically active compounds have been detected in the aquatic environment in many countries, where they are thought to have the potential to exert adverse effects on non-target organisms. Amiodarone (AMD) is one such high-risk compound commonly used in general hospitals. AMD is known to alter normal thyroid hormone (TH) function, although little information is available regarding the specific mechanism by which this disruption occurs. Anuran tadpole metamorphosis is a TH-controlled developmental process and has proven to be useful as a screening tool for environmental pollutants suspected of disrupting TH functions. In the present study, our objective was to clarify the effects of AMD on Xenopus metamorphosis as well as to assess the bioconcentration of this pharmaceutical in the liver. We found that AMD suppressed spontaneous metamorphosis, including tail regression and hindlimb elongation in pro-metamorphic stage tadpoles, which is controlled by endogenous circulating TH, indicating that AMD is a TH antagonist. In transgenic X. laevis tadpoles carrying plasmid DNA containing TH-responsive element (TRE) and a 5'-upstream promoter region of the TH receptor (TR) βA1 gene linked to a green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene, triiodothyronine (T3) exposure induced a strong EGFP expression in the hind limbs, whereas the addition of AMD to T3 suppressed EGFP expression, suggesting that this drug interferes with the binding of T3 to TR, leading to the inhibition of TR-mediated gene expression. We also found AMD to be highly bioconcentrated in the liver of pro-metamorphic X. tropicalis tadpoles, and we monitored hepatic accumulation of this drug using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Our findings suggest that AMD imposes potential risk to aquatic wildlife by disrupting TH homeostasis, with further possibility of accumulating in organisms higher up in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Hideki Hanada
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Tsukasa Mori
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichi T Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Junpei Mori
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Naoki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Program of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Shigeyuki Kitamura
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro 10281, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Kazumi Sugihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshinkai, Kure City, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kashiwagi
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
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9
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Huang W, Zheng S, Xiao J, Liu C, Du T, Wu K. Parental exposure to bisphenol A affects pharyngeal cartilage development and causes global transcriptomic changes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) offspring. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126537. [PMID: 32208220 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), bisphenol A (BPA) is a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Despite a rich literature addressing the adverse effects of BPA on various systems in fish models, the potential impact of parental BPA exposure on offspring pharyngeal cartilage development is poorly understood. METHODS Adult zebrafish (F0) were exposed to BPA (1.0 μM) or control for 7 days. Eggs (F1) were collected and exposed to BPA (control, 0.05, 0.1, 1, 10 μM) until 120 h post-fertilization. Histomorphometrical essay was used to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the effects of BPA on pharyngeal cartilage development. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to discover differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analysis were performed to interpret functional ontology. RESULTS Parental BPA exposure affected hatchability and heart rates of F1 progeny. By pathology analysis, parental BPA exposure caused craniofacial deformity, characterized by wider angles of cartilage elements, disrupted pharyngeal chondrocytes and promoted apoptosis and elongation of head length. RNA-seq suggested that many DEGs were involved in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways; defense responses, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway were closely associated with the toxicity of parental BPA exposure. CONCLUSIONS Parental BPA exposure affected chondrogenesis in the viscerocranium of zebrafish offspring and led to global transcriptomic changes involved in apoptosis, hyperplasia and oxidative stress. These newly identified gene expression patterns, pathways and gene networks of zebrafish eleutheroembryos after early-life waterborne BPA exposure, may lead to severe and permanent morphological and functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiefeng Xiao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Taifeng Du
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Hirano LQL, Alves LDS, Menezes-Reis LT, Mendonça JDS, Simões K, Santos ALQ, Vieira LG. Effects of egg exposure to atrazine and/or glyphosate on bone development in Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines, Podocnemididae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109400. [PMID: 31276883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate skeletal changes in Podocnemis unifilis embryos derived from artificially incubated eggs exposed to different concentrations of atrazine, glyphosate or atrazine and glyphosate mixture. Forty-two eggs were randomly allocated to one of seven trays containing vermiculite treated distilled water (control group) or the following solutions: 2 or 200 μg L-1 of atrazine (groups A1 and A2 respectively); 65 or 6500 μg L-1 of glyphosate (groups G1 and G2 respectively); 2 μg L-1 and 65 μg L-1 or 200 μg L-1 and 6500 μg L-1 of atrazine and glyphosate mixture (groups AG1 and AG2 respectively). Three eggs per tray were randomly collected on days 30 and 50 of the incubation period. Embryos were submitted to soft tissue diaphanization and stained with Alizarin red S or Alcian blue for morphological analysis of bone and cartilage tissues; histological analysis was performed to confirm ossification changes. Findings were compared between groups. Morphological changes were limited to sclerotic ring features and number of ribs. Malformations rates differed significantly (p < 0.05) between embryos in the control and treated groups A2, AG1 and AG2. Concurrent exposure to atrazine and glyphosate did not affect the presence or severity of embryonic malformations and was not associated with appendicular skeleton changes in P. unifilis embryos. However, further studies focusing on the axial skeleton with particular emphasis on rib abnormalities are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karina Simões
- (b)Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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11
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Walker BS, Kramer AG, Lassiter CS. Atrazine affects craniofacial chondrogenesis and axial skeleton mineralization in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:329-338. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233718760419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is a commonly used herbicide that has previously been implicated as an endocrine-disrupting compound. Previous studies have shown that estrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds affect the development of the heart, cartilage, and bone in zebrafish ( Danio rerio). To determine whether atrazine has effects similar to other endocrine disruptors, zebrafish embryos were treated with a range of atrazine concentrations. Atrazine treatment at a low concentration of 0.1 µM resulted in significant differences in craniofacial cartilage elements, while concentrations ≥1 µM led to decreased survival and increased heart rates. Fish treated with ≥1 µM atrazine also developed with delayed vertebrae mineralization. Higher concentrations of atrazine caused gross craniofacial defects and decreased hatching rates. Further studies into the molecular pathways disrupted in these developmental processes could shed light on a link between endocrine-disrupting compounds and developmental abnormalities.
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12
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Womble M, Pickett M, Nascone-Yoder N. Frogs as integrative models for understanding digestive organ development and evolution. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 51:92-105. [PMID: 26851628 PMCID: PMC4798877 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The digestive system comprises numerous cells, tissues and organs that are essential for the proper assimilation of nutrients and energy. Many aspects of digestive organ function are highly conserved among vertebrates, yet the final anatomical configuration of the gut varies widely between species, especially those with different diets. Improved understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events that orchestrate digestive organ development is pertinent to many areas of biology and medicine, including the regeneration or replacement of diseased organs, the etiology of digestive organ birth defects, and the evolution of specialized features of digestive anatomy. In this review, we highlight specific examples of how investigations using Xenopus laevis frog embryos have revealed insight into the molecular and cellular dynamics of digestive organ patterning and morphogenesis that would have been difficult to obtain in other animal models. Additionally, we discuss recent studies of gut development in non-model frog species with unique feeding strategies, such as Lepidobatrachus laevis and Eleutherodactylous coqui, which are beginning to provide glimpses of the evolutionary mechanisms that may generate morphological variation in the digestive tract. The unparalleled experimental versatility of frog embryos make them excellent, integrative models for studying digestive organ development across multiple disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Womble
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Melissa Pickett
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Nanette Nascone-Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States.
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13
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Chen X, Wang J, Zhu H, Ding J, Peng Y. Proteomics analysis of Xenopus laevis gonad tissue following chronic exposure to atrazine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:1770-1777. [PMID: 25760937 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is the most commonly detected pesticide contaminant in ground and surface water. Previous studies have shown that atrazine is an endocrine disruptor owing to its adverse effects on the male reproductive system in several vertebrates, but very few molecular mechanisms for these effects have been revealed. In the present study, Xenopus laevis were exposed to 100 ppb of atrazine for 120 d, and then the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique was used to detect global changes in protein profiles of the testes and ovaries. The results showed that 100 ppb of atrazine exposure adversely affected the growth of X. laevis and did not induce hermaphroditism but delayed or prevented the development of male seminiferous tubules. Proteomic analysis showed that atrazine altered expression of 143 and 121 proteins in the testes and ovaries, respectively, and most of them are involved in cellular and metabolic processes and biological regulation based on their biological processes. In addition, apoptosis, tight junctions, and metabolic pathways were significantly altered in the atrazine-treated gonads. Based on the above results, it is postulated that the reproductive toxicity of atrazine may be the result of disruption of tight junctions and metabolic signaling pathways and/or induction of apoptosis in germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatong Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufa Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Hu L, Wu L, Xue Y, Zhu J, Shi H. An assay to determine the sensitive window of embryos to chemical exposure usingXenopus tropicalis. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:685-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Lijiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Yingang Xue
- Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center; Jiangsu 213001 China
| | - Jingmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062 China
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15
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Adeyemi JA, da Cunha Martins-Junior A, Barbosa F. Teratogenicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) co-exposed to arsenic and atrazine. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 172-173:7-12. [PMID: 25882832 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic and atrazine are common environmental contaminants probably due to their extensive use as pesticides on agricultural farmlands. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.8mM arsenic, 0.1mM atrazine or mixture of both for 96h, and various indices which are indicative of teratogenicity (egg coagulation, growth retardation, edema formation, hatching success, scoliosis), genotoxicity (DNA tail moments) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities) were determined. The negative control were exposed to 0.5% DMSO while the positive control group were exposed to 4mg/L 3,4 dichloroaniline. Egg coagulation was highest in the positive control (85%), followed by the group that was exposed to mixture of arsenic and atrazine (30%) and least in the arsenic-exposed group (20%). The incidences of edema (59%) and growth retardation (35.2%) were more frequent in the group that was exposed to contaminant mixture and least in atrazine-exposed group where incidences of both edema and growth retardation were 15%. The incidence of scoliosis ranged between 20% in arsenic-exposed group and 10% in atrazine-exposed group. Hatching success was generally high in all the groups ranging between 95% in atrazine-exposed group and 88% in the group that was exposed to mixture of arsenic and atrazine. There was no evidence of teratogenic effect in the negative control group. DNA tail moments and lipid peroxidation levels increased significantly while GSH levels and catalase activity decreased significantly in contaminant-exposed groups, especially the mixture compared to the negative control. There was no significant change in GPx activity in the exposed groups compared to the negative control. The results of this study demonstrate that both arsenic and atrazine are potentially teratogenic and genotoxic, and can cause oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos, and these effects are potentiated by toxic interactions between the two contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n°, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494 Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Airton da Cunha Martins-Junior
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n°, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n°, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Helmer SH, Kerbaol A, Aras P, Jumarie C, Boily M. Effects of realistic doses of atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate on lipid peroxidation and diet-derived antioxidants in caged honey bees (Apis mellifera). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:8010-21. [PMID: 24728576 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The decline in the population of pollinators is a worrying phenomenon worldwide. In North America, the extensive use of herbicides in maize and soya crops may affect the health of nontarget organisms like the honey bee. In this study, caged honey bees were exposed to realistic doses of atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate for 10 days via contaminated syrup. Peroxidation of lipids was evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) test, and diet-derived antioxidants-carotenoids, all-trans-retinol (at-ROH) and α-tocopherol-were detected and quantified using reversed-phase HPLC techniques. Significant increases in syrup consumption were observed in honey bees exposed to metolachlor, and a lower TBARS value was recorded for the highest dose. No relationship was observed between the peroxidation of lipids and the levels of antioxidants. However, β-carotene, which was found to be the most abundant carotenoid, and at-ROH (derived from β-carotene) both decreased with increasing doses of atrazine and glyphosate. In contrast, metolachlor increased levels of at-ROH without any effects on β-carotene. These results show that the honey bee carotenoid-retinoid system may be altered by sublethal field-realistic doses of herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Hedrei Helmer
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
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The controversial role of retinoic acid in fibrotic diseases: analysis of involved signaling pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 14:226-43. [PMID: 23344030 PMCID: PMC3565260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases, such as liver, pulmonary and renal fibrosis, are common end-stage conditions and represent a major global health problem. Furthermore, effective therapeutic measures are presently unavailable. Extracellular matrix accumulation is the most prominent characteristic in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. Retinoic acid, including all-trans retinoic acid, 9-cis and 13-cis retinoic acid, play important roles in various physiological processes, such as in embryonic development, reproduction, vision, cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. Present studies report that retinoic acid treatment may affect various processes involved in the onset and progression of fibrotic disease. However, the therapeutic effects of retinoic acid in such diseases remain controversial. Several reports indicate that retinoic acid positively affects the progression of fibrosis and alleviates the accumulation of the extracellular matrix, whereas other studies report the opposite; that retinoic acid exacerbates fibrosis and induces extracellular matrix accumulation. Signaling pathways might be an important influencing factor and differences in signaling events might be responsible for the contradictory role of retinoic acid in fibrotic diseases. Since there was no review available that investigated the role of retinoic acid and the signaling pathways involved, we retrospectively studied the literature and provide a comprehensive analysis of retinoic acid’s role in fibrotic diseases, and provide an overview of the signal transduction pathways involved in its pathogenesis.
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Thibodeau J, Filion S, Spear P, Paquin J, Boily M. Oxidation of retinoic acids in hepatic microsomes of wild bullfrogs Lithobates catesbeianus environmentally-exposed to a gradient of agricultural contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 21:1358-1370. [PMID: 22466160 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural contaminants are suspected of contributing to the increased incidence of deformities and the decline of amphibians populations worldwide. Many authors have further suggested that a retinoid effect could be implicated in teratogenic mechanisms since the reported deformities resemble those caused by abnormal levels of retinoic acid (RA). We previously reported altered retinoid concentrations in male bullfrogs from the Yamaska River basin (Québec, Canada) associated with moderate-to-high agricultural activity, and the findings were consistent with a possible effect on hepatic RA oxidation. An in vitro assay was therefore optimized and hepatic microsomal RA oxidation in bullfrogs was found to be quite different from that of other vertebrates. With either all-transRA (atRA) or 13cisRA as the substrate, the major metabolite generated was at4-oxo-RA. The reaction with 13cisRA as substrate, markedly greater compared with atRA, was enhanced in the presence of a reducing agent and inhibited by cytochrome P450 inhibitors in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic RA oxidation in male bullfrogs showed significant differences between sites with no clear relationship to a gradient of agricultural activity or 13cis-4-oxo-RA quantified in plasma. In contrast, the in vitro RA oxidation in females increased with the levels of contamination and coincided in vivo with higher plasma 13cis-4-oxo-RA concentration. The levels of circulating 4-oxo-derivatives could be influenced by hepatic RA oxidative metabolism as well as isomerization conditions or RA precursor levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Thibodeau
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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López SL, Aiassa D, Benítez-Leite S, Lajmanovich R, Mañas F, Poletta G, Sánchez N, Simoniello MF, Carrasco AE. Pesticides Used in South American GMO-Based Agriculture. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY VOLUME 6 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59389-4.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Jablonowski ND, Schäffer A, Burauel P. Still present after all these years: persistence plus potential toxicity raise questions about the use of atrazine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 18:328-31. [PMID: 21191660 PMCID: PMC3030996 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-010-0431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
As one of the worlds' most heavily applied herbicides, atrazine is still a matter of controversy. Since it is regularly found in ground and drinking water, as well as in sea water and the ice of remote areas, it has become the subject of continuous concern due to its potential endocrine and carcinogenic activity. Current findings prove long-held suspicions that this compound persists for decades in soil. Due to the high amount applied annually all over the world, the soil burden of this compound is considered to be tremendous, representing a potential long-term threat to the environment. The persistence of chemicals such as atrazine has long been underestimated: Do we need to reconsider the environmental risk?
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai David Jablonowski
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere, ICG-4, Agrosphere, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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