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da Silva HT, Magalhães TS, Pires SA, Santos APR, Rodrigues JL, Faria MCDS. Artisanal Gem Mining in Brazil: Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Biomarkers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:871. [PMID: 39063448 PMCID: PMC11277206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This study was carried out in the district of Taquaral de Minas, in the municipality of Itinga, located in Jequitinhonha Valley, state of Minas Gerais, which is considered one of the largest yolk-producing regions in Brazil. Miners in gem extraction areas are prone to severe oxidative damage due to their increased exposure to toxic metals, as well as chemical, physical, and biological agents, resulting in diseases such as silicosis. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate occupational exposure in prospectors through biomonitoring techniques using a variety of biomarkers for oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity. Twenty-two miners and seventeen workers who were not occupationally exposed were recruited, totaling thirty-nine participants. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys. In this study, the levels of total peroxides, catalase activity, and microelements in plasma were evaluated. Additionally, environmental analysis was carried out through the Ames and Allium cepa tests. The results of the lipoperoxidation assessment were significant, with increased frequencies in exposed individuals compared to controls (p < 0.05), as determined by the Mann-Whitney test. Micronutrients in the blood showed lower concentrations in the group exposed to Fe and Se than in individuals not exposed to these elements. The results of the Ames test and Allium cepa test were statistically significant compared to the controls (p < 0.05), as determined by the Mann-Whitney test for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Thus, the results of the present study indicate possible environmental contamination and a potential risk to the health of miners, which suggests that further studies are important in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heberson Teixeira da Silva
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
| | - Thainá Sprícido Magalhães
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
| | - Sumaia Araújo Pires
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Rufino Santos
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
| | - Jairo Lisboa Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
| | - Márcia Cristina da Silva Faria
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil; (H.T.d.S.); (T.S.M.); (S.A.P.); (A.P.R.S.); (M.C.d.S.F.)
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Wai KM, Swe T, Su Hninn TS, Paing AM, Naing YL, Htay ZW, Ihara K. Prenatal exposure to environmental heavy metals and newborn telomere length: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123192. [PMID: 38135140 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental heavy metals is associated with telomere length (TL) alteration. Available information regarding the effect of prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants on newborn TL is controversial. The aim of this study is to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis of the existing epidemiological studies on the associations between prenatal metal exposure and newborn TL. A comprehensive literature search was performed using the online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect from their inception to December 1, 2023. Thirteen eligible studies were included from the overall initial identification of 3559 records. The effect size was expressed as standardized beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by the restricted maximum-likelihood approach with a weighted random-effects model. Prenatal exposure to environmental heavy metals was associated with a shorter newborn TL (standardized beta = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.08, 0.00; p = 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that prenatal exposure to cadmium was significantly, negatively associated with TL in newborns (standardized beta = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.10, -0.01; p = 0.021). Heavy metal exposure during the third trimester was significantly associated with a shorter TL in newborns (standardized beta = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.11, -0.01; p = 0.045). No significant association was found between the newborn's sex and exposure sample type. This study provides evidence for the negative effect of prenatal exposure to heavy metals on newborn TL. In particular, cadmium exposure and exposure during the third trimester of pregnancy are critical factors associated with heavy metal-induced TL shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyi Mar Wai
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Japan; Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Thinzar Swe
- Preclinical Department, University of Medicine (2), Myanmar
| | - Thae Su Su Hninn
- International Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
| | | | - Yoon Lei Naing
- Department of Human Resource for Health, University of Medicine (1), Myanmar
| | - Zin Wai Htay
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Japan
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Orach J, Hemshekhar M, Rider CF, Spicer V, Lee AH, Yuen ACY, Mookherjee N, Carlsten C. Concentration-dependent alterations in the human plasma proteome following controlled exposure to diesel exhaust. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123087. [PMID: 38061431 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure is associated with systemic health effects, which can be studied using blood-based markers. Although we have previously shown that high TRAP concentrations alter the plasma proteome, the concentration-response relationship between blood proteins and TRAP is unexplored in controlled human exposure studies. We aimed to identify concentration-dependent plasma markers of diesel exhaust (DE), a model of TRAP. Fifteen healthy non-smokers were enrolled into a double-blinded, crossover study where they were exposed to filtered air (FA) and DE at 20, 50 and 150 μg/m3 PM2.5 for 4h, separated by ≥ 4-week washouts. We collected blood at 24h post-exposure and used label-free mass spectrometry to quantify proteins in plasma. Proteins exhibiting a concentration-response, as determined by linear mixed effects models (LMEMs), were assessed for pathway enrichment using WebGestalt. Top candidates, identified by sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis and LMEMs, were confirmed using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Thereafter, we assessed correlations between proteins that showed a DE concentration-response and acute inflammatory endpoints, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and methacholine provocation concentration causing a 20% drop in FEV1 (PC20). DE exposure was associated with concentration-dependent alterations in 45 proteins, which were enriched in complement pathways. Of the 9 proteins selected for confirmatory immunoassays, based on complementary bioinformatic approaches to narrow targets and availability of high-quality assays, complement factor I (CFI) exhibited a significant concentration-dependent decrease (-0.02 μg/mL per μg/m3 of PM2.5, p = 0.04). Comparing to FA at discrete concentrations, CFI trended downward at 50 (-2.14 ± 1.18, p = 0.08) and significantly decreased at 150 μg/m3 PM2.5 (-2.93 ± 1.18, p = 0.02). CFI levels were correlated with FEV1, PC20 and nasal interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. This study details concentration-dependent alterations in the plasma proteome following DE exposure at concentrations relevant to occupational and community settings. CFI shows a robust concentration-response and association with established measures of airway function and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma Orach
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, V5Z1W9, Canada
| | - Mahadevappa Hemshekhar
- Manitoba Center for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Christopher Francis Rider
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, V5Z1W9, Canada
| | - Victor Spicer
- Manitoba Center for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Amy H Lee
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Agnes Che Yan Yuen
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, V5Z1W9, Canada
| | - Neeloffer Mookherjee
- Manitoba Center for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Vancouver, V5Z1W9, Canada.
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Biological Health Markers Associated with Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows during Lactation Period. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030405. [PMID: 36984846 PMCID: PMC10051964 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize and present different biological health markers in dairy cows during the lactation period. Biochemical health markers provide an indicator of how foreign chemical substances, whether external or internal, affect the animal’s health. To understand the relationship between dairy cow health issues and oxidative stress, various biomarkers of oxidative stress must be investigated. Biochemical and hematological factors play a significant role in determining the biological health markers of animals. A variety of biochemical parameters are dependent on various factors, including the animal’s breed, its age, its development, its pregnancy status, and its production status. When assessing the health of cattle, a blood test is conducted to determine the blood chemistry. To diagnose diseases in dairy animals, the blood biochemistry is necessary to determine the cause of many physiological, metabolic, and pathological problems. Observing blood alterations during pregnancy and at peak lactation may determine what factors lift oxidative stress in cows due to disturbances in feed intake and metabolic processes.
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Bodaghi A, Fattahi N, Ramazani A. Biomarkers: Promising and valuable tools towards diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of Covid-19 and other diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13323. [PMID: 36744065 PMCID: PMC9884646 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biomarkers as early warning systems in the evaluation of disease risk has increased markedly in the last decade. Biomarkers are indicators of typical biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological reactions to therapy. The application and identification of biomarkers in the medical and clinical fields have an enormous impact on society. In this review, we discuss the history, various definitions, classifications, characteristics, and discovery of biomarkers. Furthermore, the potential application of biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases over the last decade are reviewed. The present review aims to inspire readers to explore new avenues in biomarker research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bodaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Tuyserkan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tuyserkan, Iran
| | - Nadia Fattahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran,Trita Nanomedicine Research and Technology Development Center (TNRTC), Zanjan Health Technology Park, 45156-13191, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran,Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran,Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.;
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Soulen BK, Divine LM, Venables BJ, Roberts AP. Persistent organic pollutant exposure and associations with gene expression in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) from St. Paul Island, Alaska. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 182:105789. [PMID: 36332419 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are highly lipophilic compounds that accumulate at increased concentrations in high tropic level organisms like marine mammals. Marine mammals' reliance on blubber makes them susceptible to accumulating POPs at potentially toxic concentrations. In this study, we analyzed POP concentrations, (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and methoxylated-BDE (MeOBDE), in the blubber of 16 subsistence harvested sub-adult, male northern fur seals as well as assessed changes in mRNA gene expression of nine relevant biomarkers including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, thyroid receptor-α, and adiponectin. PBDE and MeOBDE concentrations were significantly lower than PCB and OCP concentrations. A negative relationship was observed between percent lipid in the blubber and contaminant concentrations, both individual and sum. Expression changes in eight biomarkers were correlated with individual and sum contaminant concentrations. This study shows that contaminant concentrations measured are correlated to changes in expression of genes from different physiological systems, metabolism and endocrine, that are important for the regulation of blubber metabolism. Northern fur seals are reliant on blubber as an energy source during times of low food intake. Potential contaminant induced changes in blubber metabolism pathways could have significant impacts on the health of individuals during critical periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne K Soulen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76201, USA.
| | - Lauren M Divine
- Aleut Community of St. Paul Island Ecosystem Conservation Office, St. Paul, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, USA
| | - Barney J Venables
- Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
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Sriram A, Roe W, Gartrell B. Blood lead concentration in an urban parrot: Nestling Kaka (Nestor meridionalis) demonstrate evidence of exposure to lead via eggs and parental feeding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157357. [PMID: 35843315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a persistent, highly toxic heavy metal known to affect physiological function and survival in birds. Nestlings are particularly at risk as exposure during critical stages of development can result in life-long deficits. Urban environments are increasingly associated with high levels of contamination and lead exposure at the urban-wildlife interface can have significant population health effects on wildlife. Wellington has an established population of Kaka (Nestor meridionalis) and provides the ideal opportunity to study the risks of lead exposure in an urban context. We sampled 139 nestlings over two breeding seasons (2015/16 and 2016/17) and examined concentrations of lead in blood samples. Nestlings were subjected to a clinical and neurological examination. Lead concentrations of egg shells were measured to evaluate maternal transfer of lead to nestlings. Overall, 36.7 % of nestlings showed evidence of lead exposure based on blood lead concentrations, ranging from <3.3μg/dL to 42.9μg/dL, with no detectable clinical signs of toxicity. The pattern of exposure in the majority of nestlings is indicative of exposure from hatch via eggshells and also direct parental feeding of lead following hatch. Lead concentrations in this cohort of Kaka have the potential to contribute to morbidity and mortality in this species. The lack of measurable neurological or physiological deficits associated with lead exposure is suggestive of an innate tolerance to these concentrations of lead in this population. However, the well-described subclinical and persistent effects of lead suggests a need for continued monitoring of this toxicant and its effects on Kaka behaviour and neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sriram
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Wendi Roe
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Brett Gartrell
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Avilés-Ramírez C, Moreno-Godínez ME, Bonner MR, Parra-Rojas I, Flores-Alfaro E, Ramírez M, Huerta-Beristain G, Ramírez-Vargas MA. Effects of exposure to environmental pollutants on mitochondrial DNA copy number: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43588-43606. [PMID: 35399130 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with alteration on relative levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). However, the results obtained from epidemiological studies are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether environmental pollutant exposure can modify the relative levels of mtDNAcn in humans. We performed a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We selected and reviewed original articles performed in humans that analyzed the relationship between environmental pollutant exposure and the relative levels of mtDNAcn; the selection of the included studies was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only twenty-two studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A total of 6011 study participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We grouped the included studies into four main categories according to the type of environmental pollutant: (1) heavy metals, (2) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), (3) particulate matter (PM), and (4) cigarette smoking. Inconclusive results were observed in all categories; the pooled analysis shows a marginal increase of relative levels of mtDNAcn in response to environmental pollutant exposure. The trial sequential analysis and rate confidence in body evidence showed the need to perform new studies. Therefore, a large-scale cohort and mechanistic studies in this area are required to probe the possible use of relative levels of mtDNAcn as biomarkers linked to environmental pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Avilés-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Ma Elena Moreno-Godínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad Y Diabetes, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Epidemiología Clínica Y Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Mónica Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, CONACyT, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Gerardo Huerta-Beristain
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Marco Antonio Ramírez-Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México.
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Pedroso TMA, Benvindo-Souza M, de Araújo Nascimento F, Woch J, Dos Reis FG, de Melo E Silva D. Cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides: a bibliometric study of the past 10 years. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17464-17475. [PMID: 34668133 PMCID: PMC8525621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to pesticides has been identified as a major trigger of the development of cancer. Pesticides can cause intoxication in the individuals who manipulate them through either inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact. Given this, we investigated the association between the incidence of cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides through a bibliometric analysis of the studies published between 2011 and 2020, based on 62 papers selected from the Scopus database. The results indicated an exponential increase in the number of studies published over the past decade, with most of the research being conducted in the USA, France, India, and Brazil, although a further 17 nations were also involved in the research on the association between cancer and pesticides. The principal classes of pesticides investigated in relation to their role in intoxication and cancer were insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. The types of cancer reported most frequently were multiple myeloma, bladder cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, prostate cancer, leukemia, and breast cancer. Despite the known association between pesticides and cancer, studies are still relatively scarce in comparison with the global scale of the use of these xenobiotic substances, which is related to the increasing demand for agricultural products throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thays Millena Alves Pedroso
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goias, CEP, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Graduate School, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Araújo Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goias, CEP, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Woch
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goias, CEP, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Gonçalves Dos Reis
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goias, CEP, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goias, CEP, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goias, 74690-900, Brazil.
- Graduate School, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil.
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The effects of the exposure to neurotoxic elements on Italian schoolchildren behavior. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9898. [PMID: 33972598 PMCID: PMC8110539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are constantly increasing on a global scale. Some elements like heavy metals are known to be neurotoxic. In this cross-sectional study we assessed the neurobehavioral effect of the exposure to trace elements including lead, mercury, cadmium, manganese, arsenic and selenium and their interactions among 299 schoolchildren residing in the heavily polluted Taranto area in Italy. Whole blood, urine and hair were collected for metal analyses, while the Child Behavior Checklist and the Social Responsiveness Scale, administered to the main teacher and the mothers were considered to identify behavioral problems in children. Blood lead mainly influenced social problems, aggressive behavior, externalizing and total problems. Urinary arsenic showed an impact on anxiety and depression, somatic problems, attention problems and rule breaking behavior. A significant interaction between lead and arsenic was observed, with a synergistic effect of the two metals increasing the risk of attention problems, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems. Overall, we were able to test that higher blood lead, urinary arsenic concentrations and their interaction increase the risk of neurobehavioral problems. This is in line with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s priority list of hazardous substances where arsenic and lead are ranked as first and second respectively.
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Raissi V, Zibaei M, Raiesi O, Samani Z, Yarahmadi M, Etemadi S, Istiqomah A, Alizadeh Z, Shadabi S, Sohrabi N, Ibrahim A. Parasite-derived microRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker: potential roles, characteristics, and limitations. J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:546-556. [PMID: 34295053 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a subclass of small regulatory RNAs that present from ancient unicellular protozoans to parasitic helminths and parasitic arthropods. MiRNAs' mode of action has attracted wide attention as a result of their unique functional importance. MiRNAs play a role in diverse physiological and pathological processes ranging from organ development, immune function to apoptosis and cancer at the post-transcription gene expression. Thus, miRNAs are known to be targets for clinical treatment and therapy. The discovery of the high stability of circulating miRNA in various types of host body fluids, such as whole blood, serum, plasma, saliva, and urine has increased great interest among researchers in the potential of circulating miRNA as a prognosis/diagnosis of infectious. Some circulating miRNAs biomarkers advanced to clinical applications related to human diseases. However, this idea starts to come only in the fields of infectious disease. The goal of this review is to enhance the current understanding of these molecules and their applicability in the field of medicine. A detailed review of the available literature consulting tools performed in online repositories such as NCBI, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and UpToDate. This review summarizes an overview of preclinical studies using circulating miRNAs biomarkers against infectious diseases affecting humans. The use of miRNA as a safe and potential tool is encouraging news, considering that until now, guidelines for the use of miRNA in clinical practice are still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Raissi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zibaei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Omid Raiesi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zahra Samani
- DVM Student At Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yarahmadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Etemadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Afrida Istiqomah
- West Java Animal Health and Veterinary Public Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shadabi
- Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sohrabi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asmaa Ibrahim
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
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12
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Zhang D, Tian Y, Tian Y, Xing H, Liu S, Zhang H, Ding S, Cai P, Sun D, Zhang T, Hong Y, Dai H, Tu W, Chen J, Wu A, Hu QN. A data-driven integrative platform for computational prediction of toxin biotransformation with a case study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124810. [PMID: 33360695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biogenic toxins have received increasing attention owing to their high contamination levels in feed and food as well as in the environment. However, there is a lack of an integrative platform for seamless linking of data-driven computational methods with 'wet' experimental validations. To this end, we constructed a novel platform that integrates the technical aspects of toxin biotransformation methods. First, a biogenic toxin database termed ToxinDB (http://www.rxnfinder.org/toxindb/), containing multifaceted data on more than 4836 toxins, was built. Next, more than 8000 biotransformation reaction rules were extracted from over 300,000 biochemical reactions extracted from ~580,000 literature reports curated by more than 100 people over the past decade. Based on these reaction rules, a toxin biotransformation prediction model was constructed. Finally, the global chemical space of biogenic toxins was constructed, comprising ~550,000 toxins and putative toxin metabolites, of which 94.7% of the metabolites have not been previously reported. Additionally, we performed a case study to investigate citrinin metabolism in Trichoderma, and a novel metabolite was identified with the assistance of the biotransformation prediction tool of ToxinDB. This unique integrative platform will assist exploration of the 'dark matter' of a toxin's metabolome and promote the discovery of detoxification enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Ye Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China; Wuhan LifeSynther Science and Technology Co. Limited, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Huadong Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Sheng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Shaozhen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Pengli Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, PR China
| | - Dandan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Tong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Yanhong Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Hongkun Dai
- Shandong Runda Testing Technology Co. Limited, Weifang 261000, PR China
| | - Weizhong Tu
- Wuhan LifeSynther Science and Technology Co. Limited, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Junni Chen
- Wuhan LifeSynther Science and Technology Co. Limited, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aibo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
| | - Qian-Nan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
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13
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Mu X, Wang Z, Liu L, Guo X, Gu C, Xu H, Zhao L, Jiang W, Cao H, Mao X, Huang T, Gao H, Ma J. Multiple exposure pathways of first-year university students to heavy metals in China: Serum sampling and atmospheric modeling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141405. [PMID: 32771764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we collected 308 serum samples from 17 to 20 year old first-year university students who were recruited from Lanzhou University in China a few days after their enrollment to measure the serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As levels, and specific questionnaires for age, sex, settlement and dietary structure were designed. A 3-D atmospheric transport model was used to simulate the atmospheric concentration and dry deposition across China based on gridded Pb emission inventory to examine the association between the spatial distribution of serum concentrations and environmental fates of Pb. The mean serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As concentrations averaged over all participating young students were 21.38, 1.46, 3.86, and 4.69 μg/L, respectively. The Pb, Cd, and Hg levels in 3%, 7%, and 20% serum samples exceeded the standards. The minimum serum As and Hg concentrations and the maximum serum Pb and Cd concentrations occurred in urban areas. Seafood diet habits (P < 0.05), sex (P < 0.05), and relocation (P < 0.01) caused significant differences in serum As, Pb, and Cd concentrations. A cluster analysis was carried out to classify the exposure pathways for target contaminants. The results indicated that 4 heavy metals in the serum of volunteers from northern China could be grouped into the same category, in which significant positive correlations were found between the serum heavy metal levels and background concentrations of surface soil. However, in other provinces and metropolises, the atmospheric pollution level played a critical role involving in the inhalation exposure pathway. We demonstrated that serum Pb levels in freshman students were related to the atmospheric transport and dry deposition of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Mu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lichun Liu
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hua Xu
- School Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liuyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanyanhan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Mao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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14
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Blood Metabolomic Profiling Confirms and Identifies Biomarkers of Food Intake. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110468. [PMID: 33212857 PMCID: PMC7698441 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics can be a tool to identify dietary biomarkers. However, reported food-metabolite associations have been inconsistent, and there is a need to explore further associations. Our aims were to confirm previously reported food-metabolite associations and to identify novel food-metabolite associations. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 849 participants (57% men) of the PopGen cohort. Dietary intake was obtained using FFQ and serum metabolites were profiled by an untargeted metabolomics approach. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify previously reported food-metabolite associations and analyzed these associations using linear regression. To identify potential novel food-metabolite associations, datasets were split into training and test datasets and linear regression models were fitted to the training datasets. Significant food-metabolite associations were evaluated in the test datasets. Models were adjusted for covariates. In the literature, we identified 82 food-metabolite associations. Of these, 44 associations were testable in our data and confirmed associations of coffee with 12 metabolites, of fish with five, of chocolate with two, of alcohol with four, and of butter, poultry and wine with one metabolite each. We did not identify novel food-metabolite associations; however, some associations were sex-specific. Potential use of some metabolites as biomarkers should consider sex differences in metabolism.
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15
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Gnatyshyna L, Falfushynska H, Stoliar O, Dallinger R. Preliminary Study of Multiple Stress Response Reactions in the Pond Snail Lymnaea stagnalis Exposed to Trace Metals and a Thiocarbamate Fungicide at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:89-100. [PMID: 32274555 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Gastropod mollusks have achieved an eminent importance as biological indicators of environmental quality. In the present study, we applied a multibiomarker approach to evaluate its applicability for the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, exposed to common industrial and agricultural pollutants at environmentally relevant concentrations. The snails were exposed to copper (Cu2+, 10 µg L-1), zinc (Zn2+, 130 µg L-1), cadmium (Cd2+, 15 µg L-1), or the thiocarbamate fungicide "Tattoo" (91 µg L-1) during 14 days. Metal treatment and exposure to "Tattoo" caused variable patterns of increase or decrease of metal levels in the digestive gland, with a clear accumulation of only Cd and Zn after respective metal exposure. Treatment with Cu and "Tattoo" caused an increase of cytochrome P450-related EROD activity. Glutathione S-transferase was inhibited by exposure to Cu, Zn, and "Tattoo." Treatment with the "Tattoo" led to an inhibition of cholinesterase activity, whereas Cu and Cd increased its activity. Caspase-3 activity was enhanced by up to 3.3 times in all treatments. A nearly uniform inhibitory effect for oxidative stress response parameters was observed in all kinds of exposure, revealing an inhibition of superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity, a depression of glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and of protein carbonyl levels. Pollutant-specific effects were observed for the catalase activity, superoxide anion production, and lipid peroxidation levels. Due to the high response sensitivity of Lymnaea stagnalis to chemical impacts, we suggest our study as a contribution for biomarker studies with this species under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesya Gnatyshyna
- Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
| | - Halina Falfushynska
- Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Stoliar
- Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
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16
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Ivanova L, Rebok K, Jordanova M, Dragun Z, Kostov V, Ramani S, Valić D, Krasnići N, Filipović Marijić V, Kapetanović D. The effect of different pollutants exposure on the pigment content of pigmented macrophage aggregates in the spleen of Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis Karaman, 1928). Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:1141-1152. [PMID: 32472963 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pigmented macrophage aggregates (MAs) are known to change under influence of various factors, such as aging, season, starvation, and/or pollution. In this study, changes in the pigment content of the MAs in the spleen of Vardar chub (Squalius vardarensis, Karaman) (n = 129) collected in spring and autumn, from three rivers with different pollution impact was examined: Zletovska River (metals), Kriva River (metals and municipal wastewater), and Bregalnica River (municipal wastewater). Collected data revealed increased relative volume and number of MAs containing hemosiderin under the influence of metals, significant in autumn (p < .05). In chub exposed to metals combined with municipal wastewater, significant increase of lipochrome accumulation in MAs in autumn, melanin in MAs in fish captured in the spring season, and number of splenic MAs containing combination of melanin and lipochrome was noted. Volumes and number of MAs containing combination of hemosiderin and lipochrome increased in spleen of fish captured in autumn from both Zletovska River and Kriva River, most likely due to the contribution of hemosiderin and lipochrome, respectively. Values measured for the various pigments in splenic MAs in fish captured from Bregalnica River, were overall closer to the values measured for fish captured from Kriva River. Notably, melanin and lipochrome are more likely to be found in fish from waters influenced by municipal wastewater (organic pollution) and hemosiderin in fish spleen from water influenced by mining activity (heavy metals pollution).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lozenka Ivanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Katerina Rebok
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Maja Jordanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Zrinka Dragun
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Sheriban Ramani
- Hydrobiology and Ecology Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy, Hydrometeorological Administration, Division for Water, Air and Soil Quality Monitoring and Laboratory Analyses, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Damir Valić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nesrete Krasnići
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Filipović Marijić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Kapetanović
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Yaprak E, Yolcubal İ. Presence of Toxic Heavy Metals in Platelet-Rich Fibrin: a Pilot Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 191:363-369. [PMID: 30895450 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is widely used blood-derived biomaterial which is directly applied to the surgical wounds. Depending on its autologous origin, PRF is thought as a safe material. However, it is not known to what extent the blood-derived toxins can be found in the PRF by considering the systemic exposure rates of the individuals to the toxins. The aim of this pilot study was to test the hypothesis whether PRF contains any blood-origin heavy metals (HMs) and smoking increases their concentrations as an environmental HM source. PRF samples were obtained from systemically healthy 30 non-smoker and 30 smoker volunteers. All liquid and dry fibrin parts of the PRF samples were analyzed in terms of 15 toxic elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. All analyzed HMs were detected in all investigated PRF samples within various concentrations in both groups. In addition, significantly high levels of cadmium, arsenic, lead, manganese, nickel, chromium, and vanadium were detected in dry fibrin matrices of PRF samples of smokers comparing with non-smokers (p < 0.05). Only cadmium was at significantly high levels in the liquid part of PRF samples of smokers (p < 0.05). This is the first study evaluating toxic ingredients of PRF. The results revealed that PRF contains various toxic HMs. Additionally, systemic exposure to environmental HM sources such as smoking may significantly increase HM concentrations in PRF. Further studies are required to investigate the transmission potentials of HMs to the applied tissues and biological importance of PRF-origin HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Yaprak
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Yuvacik, Basiskele, 41190, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - İrfan Yolcubal
- Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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18
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Lucchini RG, Guazzetti S, Renzetti S, Conversano M, Cagna G, Fedrighi C, Giorgino A, Peli M, Placidi D, Zoni S, Forte G, Majorani C, Pino A, Senofonte O, Petrucci F, Alimonti A. Neurocognitive impact of metal exposure and social stressors among schoolchildren in Taranto, Italy. Environ Health 2019; 18:67. [PMID: 31324194 PMCID: PMC6642538 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal exposure is a public health hazard due to neurocognitive effects starting in early life. Poor socio-economic status, adverse home and family environment can enhance the neurodevelopmental toxicity due to chemical exposure. Disadvantaged socio-economic conditions are generally higher in environmentally impacted areas although the combined effect of these two factors has not been sufficiently studied. METHODS The effect of co-exposure to neurotoxic metals including arsenic, cadmium, manganese, mercury, lead, selenium, and to socio-economic stressors was assessed in a group of 299 children aged 6-12 years, residing at incremental distance from industrial emissions in Taranto, Italy. Exposure was assessed with biological monitoring and the distance between the home address and the exposure point source. Children's cognitive functions were examined using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Linear mixed models were chosen to assess the association between metal exposure, socio-economic status and neurocognitive outcomes. RESULTS Urinary arsenic, cadmium and hair manganese resulted inversely related to the distance from the industrial emission source (β - 0.04; 95% CI -0.06, - 0.01; β - 0.02; 95% CI -0.05, - 0.001; β - 0.02 95% CI -0.05, - 0.003) while the WISC intellectual quotient and its sub-scores (except processing speed index) showed a positive association with distance. Blood lead and urinary cadmium were negatively associated with the IQ total score and all sub-scores, although not reaching the significance level. Hair manganese and blood lead was positively associated with the CANTAB between errors of spatial working memory (β 2.2; 95% CI 0.3, 3.9) and the reaction time of stop signal task (β 0.05; 95% CI 0.02, 0.1) respectively. All the other CANTAB neurocognitive tests did not show to be significantly influenced by metal exposure. The highest socio-economic status showed about five points intellectual quotient more than the lowest level on average (β 4.8; 95% CI 0.3, 9.6); the interaction term between blood lead and the socio-economic status showed a significant negative impact of lead on working memory at the lowest socio-economic status level (β - 4.0; 95% CI -6.9, - 1.1). CONCLUSIONS Metal exposure and the distance from industrial emission was associated with negative cognitive impacts in these children. Lead exposure had neurocognitive effect even at very low levels of blood lead concentration when socio-economic status is low, and this should further address the importance and prioritize preventive and regulatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G Lucchini
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Guazzetti
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Azienda USL - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | | | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Peli
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Forte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Costanza Majorani
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Pino
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Oreste Senofonte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrucci
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alimonti
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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Application of Urinary Polyphenol Biomarkers Measured by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Assess Polyphenol Intake and Their Association with Overweight and Obesity in Free-Living Healthy Subjects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4809836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although some polyphenol biomarkers in serum or urine have been identified by untargeted metabolomics and proved to reflect dietary polyphenol intake, only a few of them have been validated in different studies and populations with simple and reliable targeted methods. In the present study, a targeted metabolomics method by LC/MS/MS for the measurement of twenty-two polyphenol biomarkers in urine samples was established and validated to effectively assess the habitual polyphenol intake in free-living healthy Chinese subjects. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess relationships of biomarkers with overweight and obesity after adjusting for potential confounders. The levels of urinary polyphenol biomarkers, especially gut microbial metabolites of polyphenols, were inversely associated with overweight and obesity, and this association was more pronounced in the inflammatory groups, suggesting that it is of great importance to maintain polyphenol biomarkers at high levels or intake-sufficient polyphenols in obesity with chronic inflammation than others. The measurement of these biomarkers may offer a valid alternative or complementary addition to self-reported survey for the evaluation of polyphenol intake and investigation into their relationships with chronic disease-related endpoints in large-scale clinical and epidemiologic studies.
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Obisesan OR, Adekunle AS, Oyekunle JAO, Sabu T, Nkambule TTI, Mamba BB. Development of Electrochemical Nanosensor for the Detection of Malaria Parasite in Clinical Samples. Front Chem 2019; 7:89. [PMID: 30859097 PMCID: PMC6397833 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, electrochemical nanosensors were developed from the synthesized metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles by supporting it on a gold electrode (Au). The activity of the developed nanosensor toward the detection of malaria biomarker (β-hematin) was determined and the optimum conditions at which the maximum detection and quantification occurred were established. β-Hematin current response at the sensors was higher when compared with the bare Au electrode and followed the order Au-CuO (C) > Au-CuO (M) > Au-Fe2O3 (M) > Au-Fe2O3 (C) > Au-Al2O3 (M) > Au-Al2O3 (C) > bare Au. The developed sensors were stable with a relatively low current drop (10.61-17.35 %) in the analyte. Au-CuO sensor had the best performance toward the biomarker and quantitatively detected P. berghei in infected mice's serum samples at 3.60-4.8 mM and P. falciparum in human blood serum samples at 0.65-1.35 mM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaoluwa R Obisesan
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,International and Inter University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | | | - John A O Oyekunle
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Thomas Sabu
- International and Inter University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | - Thabo T I Nkambule
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Univeristy of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bhekie B Mamba
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Univeristy of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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21
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Lionetto MG, Caricato R, Giordano ME. Pollution Biomarkers in Environmental and Human Biomonitoring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1875318301909010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants generate harmful conditions for living organisms, including humans. This accounts for the growing interest to early warning tools for detection of adverse biological responses to pollutants in both humans and wildlife. Molecular and cellular biomarkers of pollution meet this requirement. A pollution biomarker is defined as an alteration in a biological response occurring at molecular, cellular or physiological levels which can be related to exposure to or toxic effects of environmental chemicals.Pollution biomarkers have known a growing development in human and environmental biomonitoring representing a valuable tool for early pollutant exposure detection or early effect assessment (exposure/effect biomarkers).The review discusses the recent developments in the use of pollution biomarker in human and environmental biomonitoring and analyzes future perspectives in the application of this tool such as their potentiality for bridging human and environmental issued studies.
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Aderemi AO, Novais SC, Lemos MFL, Alves LM, Hunter C, Pahl O. Oxidative stress responses and cellular energy allocation changes in microalgae following exposure to widely used human antibiotics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:130-139. [PMID: 30125766 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The individual effect of four human antibiotics on the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata was investigated following a 120-h exposure. The effects were assessed by analyzing growth, and biochemical parameters related with: 1) antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels; and 2) cellular energy allocation (CEA) by quantifying the content in energy reserves, which represents the energy available (Ea), and the electron transport system activity that represents a measure of oxygen and cellular energy consumption (Ec). Growth yield inhibitory concentrations of sulfamethoxazole (18-30%), clarithromycin (28.7%), ciprofloxacin (28%) and erythromycin (17-39%) were found to elicit a considerable increase in Ec, thereby causing a significant decrease in the CEA. The elevated Ec can be a result of the need to respond to oxidative stress occurring under those conditions given the significant increase in SOD activity at these levels. For sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin, the antioxidant responses do not seem to be enough to cope with the reactive oxygen species and prevent oxidative damage, given the elevated LPO levels observed. A stimulatory effect on growth yield was observed (up to 16%) at ciprofloxacin lowest concentration, which highly correlated with the increase in CEA. Based on the no observed effect concentration (NOECs) and/or effective concentration (EC10) results, Ec, SOD and CEA were more sensitive than the classical endpoint of growth rate for all the tested antibiotics. By revealing the antibiotic stress effects in R. subcapitata at the cellular level, this study suggests CEA as a more reliable indicator of the organisms' physiological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu O Aderemi
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, United Kingdom.
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Luís M Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Colin Hunter
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, United Kingdom
| | - Ole Pahl
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, United Kingdom
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Mikowska M, Dziublińska B, Świergosz-Kowalewska R. Variation of Metallothionein I and II Gene Expression in the Bank Vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) Under Environmental Zinc and Cadmium Exposure. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 75:66-74. [PMID: 29248947 PMCID: PMC5988772 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main idea of the study was to assess how environmental metal pollution activates defence responses at transcription levels in the tissues of bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). For this purpose, the metallothioneine (MT) genes expression (a well known biomarker of exposure and response to various metals) was measured. The real-time PCR method was used for relative quantification of metallothionein I and metallothionein II expressions in the livers, kidneys and testes of bank voles from six populations exposed to different contaminants, mainly zinc, cadmium and iron. The assessment of Zn, Cu and Fe concentrations in the tissues allowed to study the MTs gene expression responses to these metals. ANOVA analysis showed differences between populations in terms of metal concentration in tissues, livers and kidneys. Student T test showed significant differences in metal concentration between unpolluted and polluted sites only for the liver tissue: significantly lower Zn levels and significantly higher Fe levels in the unpolluted sites. Kruskal-Wallis test performed on C T data shows differences in the gene expressions between populations for both MT genes for liver and testes. In the liver metallothionein I gene expression was upregulated in populations considered as more polluted (up to 7.5 higher expression in Miasteczko Śląskie comparing to Mikołajki). Expression of metallothionein II revealed a similar pattern. In kidneys, differences in expression of both MT genes were not that evident. In testes, MT upregulation in polluted sites was noted for metallothionein II. For metallothionein however, we found downregulation in populations from more contaminated sites. The expressions of both MTs were positively influenced by cadmium in kidney (concentration data from the previous study) and zinc and copper in liver, while cadmium had effects only on the liver MT II gene expression. Positive relationship was obtained for lead and metallothionein II expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mikowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Dziublińska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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24
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Soler L, Oswald I. The importance of accounting for sex in the search of proteomic signatures of mycotoxin exposure. J Proteomics 2018; 178:114-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Rodrigues S, Antunes SC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Histological alterations in gills and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to the antibiotic oxytetracycline. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 53:164-176. [PMID: 28599186 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the gill and liver tissues of rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following acute (96h: 0.005-50mg/L) and chronic (28days: 0.3125-5μg/L) exposures. Results suggest the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the exposure to OTC and tissue damage. Most predominant disorders observed in gills were progressive (e.g. hypertrophy of mucous cells and hyperplasia of epithelial cells) in acute exposure and regressive (e.g. lamellar fusion, epithelial lifting of lamellae and some changes in tissue architecture) in chronic exposure. However, only the acute exposure was responsible for a significant increase of the total gill pathological index. PAGE index, reflecting the extent of gill tissue available for gas exchanges in fish, remained unchanged for both exposures. In liver, circulatory (e.g. hemorrhage and increase of sinusoidal space), regressive (e.g. pyknotic nucleus, vacuolization and hepatocellular degenerations) and progressive (e.g. hypertrophy of hepatocytes) changes were observed, but just after acute exposure. After chronic exposure, only inflammatory changes (e.g. leucocytes infiltration) were observed. Following both exposures, a significant increase of the total liver pathological index was recorded. Despite the increase of the histological damage in individuals exposed to OTC, lesions observed were of minimal or moderate pathological importance, non-specific and reversible. The data gathered following acute and chronic exposures also suggest the onset of adaptive mechanisms of fish, namely for longer exposure periods. Furthermore the observed histological alterations appear to be result of several physio-metabolic disorders consequence of the biochemical and molecular modes of action of OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A T Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
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26
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Giglio A, Brandmayr P. Structural and functional alterations in Malpighian tubules as biomarkers of environmental pollution: synopsis and prospective. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:889-894. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Giglio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra; Università della Calabria; Rende Italy
| | - Pietro Brandmayr
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra; Università della Calabria; Rende Italy
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27
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Playdon MC, Sampson JN, Cross AJ, Sinha R, Guertin KA, Moy KA, Rothman N, Irwin ML, Mayne ST, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Moore SC. Comparing metabolite profiles of habitual diet in serum and urine. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:776-89. [PMID: 27510537 PMCID: PMC4997302 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet plays an important role in chronic disease etiology, but some diet-disease associations remain inconclusive because of methodologic limitations in dietary assessment. Metabolomics is a novel method for identifying objective dietary biomarkers, although it is unclear what dietary information is captured from metabolites found in serum compared with urine. OBJECTIVE We compared metabolite profiles of habitual diet measured from serum with those measured from urine. DESIGN We first estimated correlations between consumption of 56 foods, beverages, and supplements assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire, with 676 serum and 848 urine metabolites identified by untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry in a colon adenoma case-control study (n = 125 cases and 128 controls) while adjusting for age, sex, smoking, fasting, case-control status, body mass index, physical activity, education, and caloric intake. We controlled for multiple comparisons with the use of a false discovery rate of <0.1. Next, we created serum and urine multiple-metabolite models to predict food intake with the use of 10-fold crossvalidation least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression for 80% of the data; predicted values were created in the remaining 20%. Finally, we compared predicted values with estimates obtained from self-reported intake for metabolites measured in serum and urine. RESULTS We identified metabolites associated with 46 of 56 dietary items; 417 urine and 105 serum metabolites were correlated with ≥1 food, beverage, or supplement. More metabolites in urine (n = 154) than in serum (n = 39) were associated uniquely with one food. We found previously unreported metabolite associations with leafy green vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages, citrus, added sugar, red meat, shellfish, desserts, and wine. Prediction of dietary intake from multiple-metabolite profiles was similar between biofluids. CONCLUSIONS Candidate metabolite biomarkers of habitual diet are identifiable in both serum and urine. Urine samples offer a valid alternative or complement to serum for metabolite biomarkers of diet in large-scale clinical or epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Playdon
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD;
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kristin A Guertin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kristin A Moy
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Melinda L Irwin
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT; Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Susan T Mayne
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD
| | | | - Steven C Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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28
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Yaprak E, Yolcubal İ, Sinanoğlu A, Doğrul-Demiray A, Guzeldemir-Akcakanat E, Marakoğlu İ. High levels of heavy metal accumulation in dental calculus of smokers: a pilot inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry study. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:83-88. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Yaprak
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Kocaeli University; Kocaeli Turkey
| | - İ. Yolcubal
- Department of Geological Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Kocaeli University; Kocaeli Turkey
| | - A. Sinanoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology; Oral Diagnosis Clinic; Faculty of Dentistry; Kocaeli University; Kocaeli Turkey
| | - A. Doğrul-Demiray
- Department of Geological Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Kocaeli University; Kocaeli Turkey
| | | | - İ. Marakoğlu
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Selcuk University; Konya Turkey
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29
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Velez C, Freitas R, Antunes SC, Soares AMVM, Figueira E. Clams sensitivity towards As and Hg: A comprehensive assessment of native and exotic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 125:43-54. [PMID: 26655232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To assess the environmental impact of As and Hg, bioindicator organisms such as bivalves have been used. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the impacts of As and Hg in Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum, which are native and exotic species in Europe, respectively. The main goal of the present study was to assess elements' partitioning and detoxification strategies of R. decussatus and R. philippinarum. Both clams showed a higher capacity to bioconcentrate Hg (BCF 2.29-7.49), when compared to As (0.59-1.09). Furthermore, As accumulation in both species was similar in the soluble and insoluble fractions, while in both species the majority of Hg was found in the insoluble fraction. Clams exposed to As showed different detoxification strategies, since R. decussatus had higher ability to enhance antioxidant enzymes and metallothioneins in order to reduce toxicity, and R.philippinarum increased glutathione S-transferase Ω activity, that catalyzes monomethyl arsenate reduction, the rate-limiting reaction in arsenic biotransformation. When exposed to Hg, R. decussatus presented, higher synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and lower LPO, being able to better tolerate Hg than the exotic species R. philippinarum. Thus under relevant levels of As and Hg contamination our work evidenced the higher ability of R. decussatus to survive and inhabit coastal environments not heavily contaminated by Hg and As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Velez
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas 289, 450-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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30
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Chanpiwat P, Himeno S, Sthiannopkao S. Arsenic and Other Metals' Presence in Biomarkers of Cambodians in Arsenic Contaminated Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14285-300. [PMID: 26569276 PMCID: PMC4661647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical analyses of metal (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ba, and Pb) concentrations in hair, nails, and urine of Cambodians in arsenic-contaminated areas who consumed groundwater daily showed elevated levels in these biomarkers for most metals of toxicological interest. The levels of metals in biomarkers corresponded to their levels in groundwater, especially for As, whose concentrations exceeded the WHO guidelines for drinking water. About 75.6% of hair samples from the population in this study contained As levels higher than the normal level in unexposed individuals (1 mg·kg−1). Most of the population (83.3%) showed As urinary levels exceeding the normal (<50 ng·mg−1). These results indicate the possibility of arsenicosis symptoms in residents of the areas studied. Among the three biomarkers tested, hair has shown to be a reliable indicator of metal exposures. The levels of As (r2 = 0.633), Ba (r2 = 0.646), Fe (r2 = 0.595), and Mo (r2 = 0.555) in hair were strongly positively associated with the levels of those metals in groundwater. In addition, significant weak correlations (p < 0.01) were found between levels of exposure to As and As concentrations in both nails (r2 = 0.544) and urine (r2 = 0.243).
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Affiliation(s)
- Penradee Chanpiwat
- Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Seiichiro Himeno
- Department of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Suthipong Sthiannopkao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 604-714, Korea.
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31
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Cao S, Duan X, Zhao X, Wang B, Ma J, Fan D, Sun C, He B, Wei F, Jiang G. Health risk assessment of various metal(loid)s via multiple exposure pathways on children living near a typical lead-acid battery plant, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:16-23. [PMID: 25686884 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Manufacture of lead-acid batteries is of widespread interest because of its emissions of heavy metals and metalloids into environment, harming environmental quality and consequently causing detrimental effects on human health. In this study, exposure pathways and health risks of children to heavy metal(loid)s (Pb, Cd, As, etc) were investigated based on field sampling and questionnaire. Pb was one of the most abundant elements in children's blood, with an elevated blood lead level of 12.45 μg dL(-1). Soil/dust and food were heavily polluted by targeted metal(loid)s. Food ingestion accounted for more than 80% of the total exposure for most metal(loid)s. The non-cancer risks to children were 3-10 times higher than the acceptable level of 1, while the cancer risks were 5-200 times higher than the maximum acceptable level of 1.0 × 10(-4). The study emphasized the significance of effective environmental management, particularly to ensure food security near battery facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaoli Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Delong Fan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengye Sun
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bin He
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fusheng Wei
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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32
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Cao S, Duan X, Zhao X, Wang B, Ma J, Fan D, Sun C, He B, Wei F, Jiang G. Levels and source apportionment of children's lead exposure: could urinary lead be used to identify the levels and sources of children's lead pollution? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 199:18-25. [PMID: 25617855 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As a highly toxic heavy metal, the pollution and exposure risks of lead are of widespread concern for human health. However, the collection of blood samples for use as an indicator of lead pollution is not always feasible in most cohort or longitudinal studies, especially those involving children health. To evaluate the potential use of urinary lead as an indicator of exposure levels and source apportionment, accompanying with environmental media samples, lead concentrations and isotopic measurements (expressed as (207)Pb/(206)Pb, (208)Pb/(206)Pb and (204)Pb/(206)Pb) were investigated and compared between blood and urine from children living in the vicinities of a typical coking plant and lead-acid battery factory. The results showed urinary lead might not be a preferable proxy for estimating blood lead levels. Fortunately, urinary lead isotopic measurements could be used as an alternative for identifying the sources of children's lead exposure, which coincided well with the blood lead isotope ratio analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Cao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoli Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Delong Fan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengye Sun
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bin He
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fusheng Wei
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Gil F, Hernández AF. Toxicological importance of human biomonitoring of metallic and metalloid elements in different biological samples. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 80:287-297. [PMID: 25837421 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring has become an important tool for the assessment of internal doses of metallic and metalloid elements. These elements are of great significance because of their toxic properties and wide distribution in environmental compartments. Although blood and urine are the most used and accepted matrices for human biomonitoring, other non-conventional samples (saliva, placenta, meconium, hair, nails, teeth, breast milk) may have practical advantages and would provide additional information on health risk. Nevertheless, the analysis of these compounds in biological matrices other than blood and urine has not yet been accepted as a useful tool for biomonitoring. The validation of analytical procedures is absolutely necessary for a proper implementation of non-conventional samples in biomonitoring programs. However, the lack of reliable and useful analytical methodologies to assess exposure to metallic elements, and the potential interference of external contamination and variation in biological features of non-conventional samples are important limitations for setting health-based reference values. The influence of potential confounding factors on metallic concentration should always be considered. More research is needed to ascertain whether or not non-conventional matrices offer definitive advantages over the traditional samples and to broaden the available database for establishing worldwide accepted reference values in non-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology. School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - A F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology. School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain
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Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu H, Qu W, Guan Z, Zeng Q, Jiang C, Gao H, Zhang C, Lei R, Xia T, Wang Z, Yang L, Chen Y, Wu X, Cui Y, Yu L, Wang A. Modifying effect of COMT gene polymorphism and a predictive role for proteomics analysis in children's intelligence in endemic fluorosis area in Tianjin, China. Toxicol Sci 2015; 144:238-45. [PMID: 25556215 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulative fluoride exposure has adverse influences on children's intelligence quotient (IQ). In addition, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene Val158Met polymorphism (rs4680) is associated with cognitive performance. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of COMT polymorphism and alterations of protein profiles with children's intelligence in endemic fluorosis area. We recruited 180 schoolchildren (10-12 years old) from high fluoride exposure (1.40 mg/l) and control areas (0.63 mg/l) in Tianjin City, China. The children's IQ, fluoride contents in drinking water (W-F), serum (S-F), and urine (U-F); serum thyroid hormone levels, COMT Val158Met polymorphism, and plasma proteomic profiling were determined. Significant high levels of W-F, S-F, U-F, along with poor IQ scores were observed in the high fluoride exposure group compared with those in control (all P < 0.05). S-F and U-F were inversely related with IQ (r(s) = -0.47, P < 0.01; r(s) = -0.45, P = 0.002). Importantly, higher fluoride exposure was associated with steeper cognitive decline among children with the reference allele Val compared with those homozygous or heterozygous for the variant allele Met (95% CI, -16.80 to 2.55; P interaction < 0.01). Additionally, 5 up-regulated protein spots related to cell immunity and metabolism were detected in children with high fluoride exposure compared with the control. In conclusion, fluoride exposure was adversely associated with children's intelligence, whereas the COMT polymorphism may increase the susceptibility to the deficits in IQ due to fluoride exposure. Moreover, the proteomic analysis can provide certain basis for identifying the early biological markers of fluorosis among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Qu
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Guan
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Jiang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gao
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Lei
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xia
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglun Wang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihu Chen
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wu
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushan Cui
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyu Yu
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- *Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, Tianjin, Department of Environmental Health and MOE Key Lab of Public Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Shanghai and Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
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Lehnert K, Müller S, Weirup L, Ronnenberg K, Pawliczka I, Rosenberger T, Siebert U. Molecular biomarkers in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) to evaluate pollutant exposure, health and immune status. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 88:311-318. [PMID: 25220314 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Grey seals as top-predators bioaccumulate contaminants and can be considered as sentinels of eco-system health. Pups are weaned after a short nursing period, characterised by an enormous lipid transfer and exposure to contaminants. This study established molecular biomarkers of the xenobiotic metabolism and immune system to help assess health and immune status. mRNA transcription of AHR, ARNT, PPARα and cytokine IL-2 and heat-shock-protein HSP70 was measured in blood of grey seal pups and adults in rehabilitation and permanent care using RT-qPCR and compared to rehabilitating harbour seal pups and haematology values. In pups highest levels at admission in xenobiotic biomarker, HSP70 and cytokine transcription may show contaminant exposure via lactation, stress during abandonment and dehydration. The significant decrease may be linked to diet, health improvement and adaptation. Adults showed higher levels and more variation in biomarker transcription and clear species-specific differences between harbour and grey seal pups were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lehnert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 25761 Büsum, Germany; Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - S Müller
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - L Weirup
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - K Ronnenberg
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - I Pawliczka
- Hel Marine Station, University of Gdansk, Morska 2, 84-150 Hel, Poland
| | - T Rosenberger
- Seal Centre Friedrichskoog, An der Seeschleuse 4, 25718 Friedrichskoog, Germany
| | - U Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 25761 Büsum, Germany
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Morgott DA. Factors and Trends Affecting the Identification of a Reliable Biomarker for Diesel Exhaust Exposure. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 44:1795-1864. [PMID: 25170242 PMCID: PMC4118891 DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2013.790748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of human exposures to diesel exhaust continues to be a vexing problem for specialists seeking information on the potential health effects of this ubiquitous combustion product. Exposure biomarkers have yielded a potential solution to this problem by providing a direct measure of an individual's contact with key components in the exhaust stream. Spurred by the advent of new, highly sensitive, analytical methods capable of detecting substances at very low levels, there have been numerous attempts at identifying a stable and specific biomarker. Despite these new techniques, there is currently no foolproof method for unambiguously separating diesel exhaust exposures from those arising from other combustion sources. Diesel exhaust is a highly complex mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous components whose exact composition can be affected by many variables, including engine technology, fuel composition, operating conditions, and photochemical aging. These factors together with those related to exposure methodology, epidemiological necessity, and regulatory reform can have a decided impact on the success or failure of future research aimed at identifying a suitable biomarker of exposure. The objective of this review is to examine existing information on exposure biomarkers for diesel exhaust and to identify those factors and trends that have had an impact on the successful identification of metrics for both occupational and community settings. The information will provide interested parties with a template for more thoroughly understanding those factors affecting diesel exhaust emissions and for identifying those substances and research approaches holding the greatest promise for future success.
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37
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Eeva T, Rainio M, Berglund Å, Kanerva M, Stauffer J, Stöwe M, Ruuskanen S. Experimental manipulation of dietary lead levels in great tit nestlings: limited effects on growth, physiology and survival. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:914-928. [PMID: 24700183 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We manipulated dietary lead (Pb) levels of nestlings in wild populations of the great tit (Parus major L) to find out if environmentally relevant Pb levels would affect some physiological biomarkers (haematocrit [HT], fecal corticosterone metabolites [CORT], heat shock proteins [HSPs], erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity [ALAd]), growth (body mass, wing length), phenotype (plumage coloration) or survival of nestlings. The responses to three experimental manipulation (control, low and high: 0, 1 and 4 μg/g body mass/day) are compared with those in a P. major population breeding in the vicinity of a heavy metal source, a copper smelter. Our Pb supplementation was successful in raising the fecal concentrations to the levels found in polluted environments (high: 8.0 μg/g d.w.). Despite relatively high range of exposure levels we found only few effects on growth rates or physiology. The lack of blood ALAd inhibition suggests that the circulating Pb levels were generally below the toxic level despite that marked accumulation of Pb in femur (high: 27.8 μg/g d.w.) was observed. Instead, birds in the metal polluted environment around the smelter showed decreased growth rates, lower HT, higher CORT, less colorful plumage and lower survival probabilities than any of the Pb treated groups. These effects are likely related to decreased food quality/quantity for these insectivorous birds at the smelter site. In general, the responses of nestlings to metal exposure and/or associated resource limitation were not gender specific. One of the stress proteins (HSP60), however, was more strongly induced in Pb exposed males and further studies are needed to explore if this was due to higher accumulation of Pb or higher sensitivity of males. In all, our results emphasize the importance of secondary pollution effects (e.g. via food chain disruption) on reproductive output of birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapio Eeva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,
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38
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Gomes IDL, Lemos MFL, Soares AMVM, Díez S, Barata C, Faria M. Effects of Barcelona harbor sediments in biological responses of the polychaete Capitella teleta. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 485-486:545-553. [PMID: 24747246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Marine ecosystems are increasingly exposed to a multitude of anthropogenic contaminants. Harbor environments are permanently subjected to such contaminants and bottom sediments are considered as the final repository. Filter-feeding and burrowing organisms, such as some polychaete communities, are among the most exposed organisms. This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Barcelona harbor sediments to the polychaete Capitella teleta by assessing and linking individual-level responses such as body weight (growth) and egestion rate (feeding) with subcellular-level responses including antioxidant (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and neurotransmission related (acetyl cholinesterase) enzyme activities. Sediments were collected from three different locations of the Barcelona (Spain) harbor with a positive gradient of metallic and organochlorine pollution from the mouth of the harbor towards the innermost zone. Sub-cellular and individual behavior of C. teleta exposed to Barcelona harbor sediments allowed the discrimination of toxic responses across sediments. Behavior responses were better correlated to chemical contamination than those of biomarkers. Harbor sediments produced neurotoxicity, promoted oxidative stress and reduced egestion and growth rates in exposed worms. These results indicate that biological responses of C. teleta worm can be used as early-warning tools to assess pollution effects on marine soft-bottom macrobenthonic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa D L Gomes
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Marine Resources Research Group, GIRM-ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- Marine Resources Research Group, GIRM-ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | | | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melissa Faria
- CESAM, Dept. of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Martín-Cameán A, Molina-Villalba I, Jos A, Iglesias-Linares A, Solano E, Cameán AM, Gil F. Biomonitorization of chromium, copper, iron, manganese and nickel in scalp hair from orthodontic patients by atomic absorption spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:759-771. [PMID: 24632012 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to assess Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni levels in human scalp hair from a broad population group treated with orthodontic appliances (n=70) to determine, whether the concentration of a given metal was significantly influenced by the orthodontic treatment in comparison to control group (n=56). Levels of metal compounds were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean, ranges, median and 5th and 95th percentiles of metals analyzed in hair that were hypothesized to be systemically absorbed from stainless steel, are provided. The influence of individual factors on metal concentrations was considered (gender, age), and inter-element interactions were studied by evaluation of correlation coefficients between elements, as well as by multiple regression analysis. Differences in the content of metals in hair were only significantly increased for Mn when compared to the control group, but their levels were of the same magnitude to other control populations, and consequently, no risks linked to the treatment have been found. The orthodontic treatment increased significantly Mn levels in young patients (<20 years old) when compared with control group. Scalp hair analysis is a good method to investigate the release of the elements from fixed orthodontic appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martín-Cameán
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel Molina-Villalba
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Solano
- Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.
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Khlifi R, Olmedo P, Gil F, Feki-Tounsi M, Hammami B, Rebai A, Hamza-Chaffai A. Biomonitoring of cadmium, chromium, nickel and arsenic in general population living near mining and active industrial areas in Southern Tunisia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:761-779. [PMID: 24078049 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The human health impact of the historic and current mining and industrial activities in Tunisia is not known. This study assessed the exposure to metals in the population of Southern Tunisia, using biomonitoring. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate metal exposure on 350 participants living near mining and active industrial areas in the South of Tunisia. Blood specimens were analyzed for metals (Cd, Cr, As, and Ni) by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer equipped with Zeeman background correction and AS-800 auto sampler by graphite furnace and graphite tubes with integrated L'vov platform. The sample population was classified according to different age groups, sex, smoking habit, sea food and water drinking consumption, occupational exposure, amalgam fillings and place of residence. The blood As, Cd, Cr and Ni values expressed as mean ± SD were 1.56 ± 2.49, 0.74 ± 1.15, 35.04 ± 26.02 and 30.56 ± 29.96 μg/l, respectively. Blood Cd and Ni levels in smokers were 2 and 1.2 times, respectively, higher than in non-smokers. Blood Cd levels increase significantly with age (p = 0.002). As, Cd and Ni were significantly correlated with gender and age (p < 0.05). Cd level in blood samples of subjects occupationally exposed was 1.3 times higher than that of non-exposed. Blood metals were not significantly affected by amalgam fillings, place of living and sea food and drinking water consumption. This first biomonitoring study of metal exposure in the South of Tunisia reveals a substantial exposure to several metals. The pathways of exposure and health significance of these findings need to be further investigated.
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Santos D, Batoreu C, Mateus L, Marreilha Dos Santos AP, Aschner M. Manganese in human parenteral nutrition: considerations for toxicity and biomonitoring. Neurotoxicology 2013; 43:36-45. [PMID: 24184781 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The iatrogenic risks associated with excessive Mn administration in parenteral nutrition (PN) patients are well documented. Hypermanganesemia and neurotoxicity are associated with the duration of Mn supplementation, Mn dosage, as well as pathological conditions, such as anemia or cholestasis. Recent PN guidelines recommend the biomonitoring of patients if they receive Mn in their PN longer than 30 days. The data in the literature are conflicting about the method for assessing Mn stores in humans as a definitive biomarker of Mn exposure or induced-neurotoxicity has yet to be identified. The biomonitoring of Mn relies on the analysis of whole blood Mn (WB Mn) levels, which are highly variable among human population and are not strictly correlated with Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Alterations in dopaminergic (DAergic) and catecholaminergic metabolism have been studied as predictive biomarkers of Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Given these limitations, this review addresses various approaches for biomonitoring Mn exposure and neurotoxic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinamene Santos
- I-Med.UL, Department of Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Camila Batoreu
- I-Med.UL, Department of Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luisa Mateus
- I-Med.UL, Department of Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A P Marreilha Dos Santos
- I-Med.UL, Department of Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Feki-Tounsi M, Olmedo P, Gil F, Khlifi R, Mhiri MN, Rebai A, Hamza-Chaffai A. Cadmium in blood of Tunisian men and risk of bladder cancer: interactions with arsenic exposure and smoking. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:7204-7213. [PMID: 23673919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Prior investigations identified an association between low-level blood arsenic (As) and bladder cancer risk among Tunisian men but questions remain regarding confounding by cadmium (Cd), a well-established bladder carcinogen. A case-control study of Tunisian men was re-examined to assess the levels of cadmium in blood and reparse the association between the simultaneous exposure to these metals and bladder cancer risk. Levels of blood Cd were significantly twice higher among cases than in controls (P<0.05) and were positively correlated with smoking and age. Additionally, analysis of metal levels among non-smokers according to the region of residence showed very high blood Cd and As levels for the coastal regions of Sfax and central Tunisia. After controlling for potential confounders, for low blood As levels (<0.67 μg/L), the OR for blood Cd was 4.10 (95 % CI 1.64-10.81), while for higher levels (>0.67 μg/L), it was reduced to 2.10 (CI, 1.06-4.17). Adjustment for Cd exposure did not alter the risk associated to As exposure. This study is the first to report the relationship between Cd exposure and risk of bladder cancer occurrence in interaction with smoking and As exposure. Smoking is shown to be the main exposure source to Cd in the Tunisian population but also environmental pollution seems to be responsible of Cd exposure among non-smokers. Exposure assessment studies encompassing a wider population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molka Feki-Tounsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology. IPEIS, University of Sfax, BP 805, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia,
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Andrade V, Mateus ML, Batoréu MC, Aschner M, dos Santos APM. Urinary delta-ALA: a potential biomarker of exposure and neurotoxic effect in rats co-treated with a mixture of lead, arsenic and manganese. Neurotoxicology 2013; 38:33-41. [PMID: 23764341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) are neurotoxic elements that often occur in mixtures for which practically no information is available on biomarkers (BMs) for the evaluation of exposure/effects. Exposures to these metals may increase delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA), which in itself may potentiate neurotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of urinary delta-ALA (delta-ALA-U) levels as BM of exposure and/or neurotoxic effects induced by this mixture. Five groups of Wistar rats were treated for 8 days with Pb (5mg/kg), As (60mg/L), Mn (10mg/kg), the 3-metal mixture (same doses of the single metals), and control group. Motor activity was evaluated and 24-h urine collected before and after the treatment. 24-hours (h) after the last dose, the rats were sacrificed and the brains removed for analyses. Delta-ALA and metal levels were determined in brain and urine. Co-treated rats showed a significant (p<0.05) correlation between increased Pb, As, Mn and delta-ALA levels in the brain and decreased motor activity. Delta-ALA-U concentrations were higher in the mixture-treated group than the sum of the delta-ALA-U levels in each single-treated groups and discriminated (p<0.05) between the mixture and untreated rats. Moreover, delta-ALA-U was correlated (p<0.05) with brain delta-ALA levels. These results establish that treatments with this metal mixture exacerbate behavioral dysfunction, increasing most prominently brain Pb levels. This study is the first to establish that delta-ALA-U levels represent a sensitive BM of exposure/neurotoxic effect to this metal mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Andrade
- i-Med-UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Rodríguez-Barranco M, Lacasaña M, Aguilar-Garduño C, Alguacil J, Gil F, González-Alzaga B, Rojas-García A. Association of arsenic, cadmium and manganese exposure with neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 454-455:562-77. [PMID: 23570911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the scientific evidence published to date on the potential effects on neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders in children exposed to arsenic, cadmium and manganese and to quantify the magnitude of the effect on neurodevelopment by pooling the results of the different studies. We conducted a systematic review of original articles from January 2000 until March 2012, that evaluate the effects on neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders due to pre or post natal exposure to arsenic, cadmium and manganese in children up to 16 years of age. We also conducted a meta-analysis assessing the effects of exposure to arsenic and manganese on neurodevelopment. Forty-one articles that evaluated the effects of metallic elements on neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders met the inclusion criteria: 18 examined arsenic, 6 cadmium and 17 manganese. Most studies evaluating exposure to arsenic (13 of 18) and manganese (14 of 17) reported a significant negative effect on neurodevelopment and behavioural disorders. Only two studies that evaluated exposure to cadmium found an association with neurodevelopmental or behavioural disorders. The results of our meta-analysis suggest that a 50% increase of arsenic levels in urine would be associated with a 0.4 decrease in the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children aged 5-15 years. Moreover a 50% increase of manganese levels in hair would be associated with a decrease of 0.7 points in the IQ of children aged 6-13 years. There is evidence that relates arsenic and manganese exposure with neurodevelopmental problems in children, but there is little information on cadmium exposure. Few studies have evaluated behavioural disorders due to exposure to these compounds, and manganese is the only one for which there is more evidence of the existence of association with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity.
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Gambardella C, Aluigi MG, Ferrando S, Gallus L, Ramoino P, Gatti AM, Rottigni M, Falugi C. Developmental abnormalities and changes in cholinesterase activity in sea urchin embryos and larvae from sperm exposed to engineered nanoparticles. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 130-131:77-85. [PMID: 23376697 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the toxicity of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) that are dispersed in sea water by using an in vivo model. Because many products of nanotechnology contain NPs and are commonly used and well-established in the market, the accidental release of NPs into the air and water is quite possible. Indeed, at the end of their life cycle, some NPs are inevitably released into waste water and can reach marine ecosystem and affect the organisms there. Although there are few data on the presence of NPs in the marine environment, our awareness of their potential impact on environmental and organismal health is growing. Shallow-water benthonic organisms such as sea urchins provide planktonic larvae as a trophic base for finfish juveniles and are exposed to water from estuaries and precipitation. Such organisms can therefore be directly affected by NPs that are dispersed into those media. We evaluated the effects of exposure to different concentrations of nanosilver, titanium oxide and cobalt NPs on the sperm of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus by analyzing the functionality and the morphology and biochemistry of the first developmental stages of the sea urchin. Sperm were exposed to sea water containing suspensions of NPs ranging from 0.0001 mg/L to 1 mg/L. Fertilization ability was not affected, but developmental anomalies were identified in embryos from the gastrula to pluteus stages, including morphological alterations of the skeletal rods. In addition, the enzymatic activity (cholinesterase, ChE) of the larvae was measured. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and propionylcholinesterase activity (PrChE) was affected in all of the exposed samples. The results did not vary consistently with the concentration of NP, but controls were significantly different from exposed samples. Exposure of sea urchin to these NPs may cause neurotoxic damage, and the altered ChE activity may be involved in skeletogenic aberrations. In conclusion, the sea urchin represents a suitable and sensitive model for testing the toxicity and effects of engineered NPs that are dispersed in sea water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gambardella
- Dipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.
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Srikanth K, Pereira E, Duarte AC, Ahmad I. Glutathione and its dependent enzymes' modulatory responses to toxic metals and metalloids in fish--a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:2133-2149. [PMID: 23334549 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metals and metalloid are being rapidly added from multiple pathways to aquatic ecosystem and causing severe threats to inhabiting fauna including fish. Being common in all the type of aquatic ecosystems such as freshwater, marine and brackish water fish are the first to get prone to toxic metals and metalloids. In addition to a number of physiological/biochemical alterations, toxic metals and metalloids cause enhanced generation of varied reactive oxygen species (ROS) ultimately leading to a situation called oxidative stress. However, as an important component of antioxidant defence system in fish, the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) directly or indirectly regulates the scavenging of ROS and their reaction products. Additionally, several other GSH-associated enzymes such as GSH reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2), GSH peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), and GSH sulfotransferase (glutathione-S-transferase (GST), EC 2.5.1.18) cumulatively protect fish against ROS and their reaction products accrued anomalies under toxic metals and metalloids stress conditions. The current review highlights recent research findings on the modulation of GSH, its redox couple (reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione), and other GSH-related enzymes (GR, glutathione peroxidase, GST) involved in the detoxification of harmful ROS and their reaction products in toxic metals and metalloids-exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Srikanth
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Nica DV, Bordean DM, Borozan AB, Gergen I, Bura M, Banatean-Dunea I. Use of land snails (pulmonata) for monitoring copper pollution in terrestrial ecosystems. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 225:95-137. [PMID: 23494558 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6470-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dragos V Nica
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Biotechnologies, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, C. Aradului 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania,
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Belo MSDSP, Pignati W, Dores EFGDC, Moreira JC, Peres F. Uso de agrotóxicos na produção de soja do estado do Mato Grosso: um estudo preliminar de riscos ocupacionais e ambientais. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0303-76572012000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: identificar e discutir alguns dos principais riscos associados ao uso de agrotóxicos na produção de soja do estado de Mato Grosso. MÉTODO: estudo exploratório descritivo, de caráter preliminar, realizado entre 2008 e 2009 e baseado em triangulação metodológica que incluiu: análise de banco de dados agrícola; análise de indicadores biológicos da exposição a agrotóxicos; e análise da contaminação de água de chuva por esses agentes químicos. RESULTADOS: a análise dos dados de consumo mostra um elevado e crescente uso de agrotóxicos, em particular o do herbicida glifosato. A análise da água de chuva mostrou presença de resíduos de diferentes agrotóxicos, ampliando o risco para além do ambiente de trabalho. Essa exposição ambiental foi detectada pela análise de indicadores biológicos de exposição a agrotóxicos junto a trabalhadores e moradores de áreas próximas às zonas de plantio. CONCLUSÃO: os dados do estudo apontam para a necessidade de um monitoramento ambiental e de saúde permanente em áreas produtoras de soja como parte das estratégias de vigilância em saúde do trabalhador e ambiental.
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Cecchi A, Rovedatti MG, Sabino G, Magnarelli GG. Environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides: assessment of endocrine disruption and hepatotoxicity in pregnant women. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 80:280-287. [PMID: 22494479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure is the first point of contact with environmental xenobiotics that may affect the maternal-placental-fetal balance. Considering that maternal pathophysiological changes affect intrauterine development, this pilot study was conducted to address how environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OPs) during pregnancy may contribute to maternal endocrine disruption and disturbed hepatic function. A prospective study was carried out with pregnant women (n=97) living in a rural area of the Rio Negro province where OPs are intensively applied throughout 6 months of the year. Blood samples were obtained and biomarkers of OPs exposure (cholinesterases and β-glucuronidase), cortisol (CT) and progesterone (PG) levels, as well as glycemia, were determined. Parameters of liver injury were assayed by measuring aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT); liver function was assayed by measuring albumin. Biomonitoring carried out during the pre-spraying period (PreS) and spraying period (SP) showed that the population studied was exposed to OPs, proven by the fact that plasma (PCh) and erythrocyte cholinesterase (AChE) decreased very significantly (p<0.01) during SP. CT values increased very significantly (p<0.01) in the first trimester of pregnancy during SP with respect to PreS. Individual values above the upper limit of the CT and PG reference range were found both in PreS and SP. This finding could be associated with changes in hormone metabolism pathways produced by OPs exposure. During the second trimester of pregnancy there were increases in ALT values and the AST/ALT ratio in SP, suggesting subclinical hepatotoxicity. In SP, glycemia was unchanged while albuminemia increased. Although anthropometric newborn parameters and pregnancy alterations were within normal values for the general population, the increase in CT in the maternal compartment may lead to impaired newborn health later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cecchi
- Hospital Dr. Ernesto Accame, Ing Quesnel S/N°, Allen (8328), Río Negro, Argentina.
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Fuentealba González P, Llanos-Rivera A, Carvajal Baeza N, Uribe Pérez E. Xenobiotic-induced changes in the arginase activity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2011; 30:2285-2291. [PMID: 21766322 DOI: 10.1002/etc.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The impact of xenobiotics in organisms at the biochemical level can be detected using specific or nonspecific biochemical markers. Activity of the enzyme arginase is used as a biochemical parameter of cell proliferation in mammals because of its importance in polyamine synthesis, which provides molecules for cellular growth and differentiation. Therefore, total arginase activity could indicate sublethal organism alterations induced by xenobiotics. In the present study, bioassays with early stages of Danio rerio were implemented using the pesticide malathion as a reference toxicant and a kraft pulp mill (KPM) effluent to assess their potential toxicity. The experimental design considered a 144-h static bioassay that involved incubation from an early 3-h postfertilization embryonic stage through to the eleutheroembryo stage. Growth variations and observations of organ development were evaluated and related to total arginase activity. The enzymatic activity in eleutheroembryo exposed to malathion exhibited a significant decrease at concentrations equal to or higher than 3 mg/L. Delays in the early development and morphometric parameters suggest metabolic depression in these conditions. A significant positive relationship between total arginase activity and eleutheroembryo development was observed, indicating that a decrease in total arginase activity might be related to sublethal alterations in eleutheroembryo growth. Bioassay results with KPM effluents resulted in a delay in organogenesis only in effluent concentrations of 100% and were related to a significant decrease in total arginase activity. In conclusion, total arginase activity has a higher sensitivity compared with morphological parameters in providing an early signal of the sublethal effects on early life stages of fish exposed to environmental stress.
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