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Harshitha P, Bose K, Dsouza HS. Influence of lead-induced toxicity on the inflammatory cytokines. Toxicology 2024; 503:153771. [PMID: 38452865 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb2+) is a hazardous heavy metal that is pervasive in the human environment as a result of anthropogenic activity, and poses serious health risks, particularly in children. Due to its innumerable unique physical and chemical properties, it has various applications; therefore, it has become a common environmental pollutant. Lead may cause oxidative stress, and accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress influences the pathophysiology of lead poisoning, also called plumbism. The immune system is continually exposed to various environmental pathogens and xenobiotics, including heavy metals such as lead, and appears to be one of the most vulnerable targets. After being exposed to lead, cells are subjected to oxidative stress as a result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. When the generation and consumption of ROS are out of equilibrium, various cell structures, particularly phospholipids are disrupted leading to lipid peroxidation. Various inflammatory signalling pathways are activated as a consequence, along with reduced disease resistance, inflammation, autoimmunity, sensitization and disruption of the cell-mediated and humoral immune systems. Lead negatively affects the metabolism of cytokines, including the interleukins IL-2, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-4, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN), as well as the expression and functioning of inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenases. However, the cause of toxicity depends on the kind of lead, dosage, route of entry, exposure period, age, host and genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Harshitha
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Kalpita Bose
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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2
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Li Y, Liu A, Chen K, Li L, Zhang X, Zou F, Zhang X, Meng X. Sodium butyrate alleviates lead-induced neuroinflammation and improves cognitive and memory impairment through the ACSS2/H3K9ac/BDNF pathway. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108479. [PMID: 38340407 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lead is an environmentally widespread neurotoxic pollutant. Although the neurotoxicity of lead has been found to be closely associated with metabolic disorders, the effects of short-chain fatty acids on the neurotoxicity of lead and its mechanisms have not yet been explored. In this study, the results of open field tests and Morris water maze tests demonstrated that chronic lead exposure caused learning and memory deficits and anxiety-like symptoms in mice. The serum butyric acid content of lead-treated mice decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and oral administration of butyrate significantly improved cognitive memory impairment and anxiety symptoms in lead-exposed mice. Moreover, butyrate alleviated neuroinflammation caused by lead exposure by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling in microglia. Butyrate also promoted the expression of acetyl-CoA synthetase ACSS2 in hippocampal neurons, thereby increasing the content of acetyl-CoA and restoring the expression of both histone H3K9ac and the downstream BDNF. We also found that the median butyric acid concentration in high-lead exposure humans was remarkably lower than that in the low-lead exposure humans (45.16 μg/L vs. 60.92 μg/L, P < 0.01), and that butyric acid significantly mediated the relationship of lead exposure with the Montreal cognitive assessment scores, with a contribution rate of 27.57 %. In conclusion, our results suggest that butyrate supplementation is a possible therapeutic strategy for lead-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Anfei Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaiju Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lifan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoshun Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xingmei Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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3
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Wei R, Wei P, Yuan H, Yi X, Aschner M, Jiang YM, Li SJ. Inflammation in Metal-Induced Neurological Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-023-04041-z. [PMID: 38206494 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Essential metals play critical roles in maintaining human health as they participate in various physiological activities. Nonetheless, both excessive accumulation and deficiency of these metals may result in neurotoxicity secondary to neuroinflammation and the activation of microglia and astrocytes. Activation of these cells can promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is well known that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in metal-induced neurotoxicity as well as the development of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Initially seen as a defense mechanism, persistent inflammatory responses are now considered harmful. Astrocytes and microglia are key regulators of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system, and their excessive activation may induce sustained neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this review, we aim to emphasize the important role and molecular mechanisms underlying metal-induced neurotoxicity. Our objective is to raise the awareness on metal-induced neuroinflammation in neurological disorders. However, it is not only just neuroinflammation that different metals could induce; they can also cause harm to the nervous system through oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy, to name a few. The primary pathophysiological mechanism by which these metals induce neurological disorders remains to be determined. In addition, given the various pathways through which individuals are exposed to metals, it is necessary to also consider the effects of co-exposure to multiple metals on neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruokun Wei
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Peiqi Wei
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- The Department of Molecular Pharmacology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Shao-Jun Li
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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4
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Koyama H, Kamogashira T, Yamasoba T. Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38247500 PMCID: PMC10812460 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are often found in soil and can contaminate drinking water, posing a serious threat to human health. Molecular pathways and curation therapies for mitigating heavy metal toxicity have been studied for a long time. Recent studies on oxidative stress and aging have shown that the molecular foundation of cellular damage caused by heavy metals, namely, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial stress, share the same pathways as those involved in cellular senescence and aging. In recent aging studies, many types of heavy metal exposures have been used in both cellular and animal aging models. Chelation therapy is a traditional treatment for heavy metal toxicity. However, recently, various antioxidants have been found to be effective in treating heavy metal-induced damage, shifting the research focus to investigating the interplay between antioxidants and heavy metals. In this review, we introduce the molecular basis of heavy metal-induced cellular damage and its relationship with aging, summarize its clinical implications, and discuss antioxidants and other agents with protective effects against heavy metal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
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5
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Shvachiy L, Amaro-Leal Â, Outeiro TF, Rocha I, Geraldes V. Intermittent Lead Exposure Induces Behavioral and Cardiovascular Alterations Associated with Neuroinflammation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050818. [PMID: 36899953 PMCID: PMC10000953 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system is the primary target for lead exposure and the developing brain appears to be especially susceptible, namely the hippocampus. The mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity remain unclear, but microgliosis and astrogliosis are potential candidates, leading to an inflammatory cascade and interrupting the pathways involved in hippocampal functions. Moreover, these molecular changes can be impactful as they may contribute to the pathophysiology of behavioral deficits and cardiovascular complications observed in chronic lead exposure. Nevertheless, the health effects and the underlying influence mechanism of intermittent lead exposure in the nervous and cardiovascular systems are still vague. Thus, we used a rat model of intermittent lead exposure to determine the systemic effects of lead and on microglial and astroglial activation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus throughout time. In this study, the intermittent group was exposed to lead from the fetal period until 12 weeks of age, no exposure (tap water) until 20 weeks, and a second exposure from 20 to 28 weeks of age. A control group (without lead exposure) matched in age and sex was used. At 12, 20 and 28 weeks of age, both groups were submitted to a physiological and behavioral evaluation. Behavioral tests were performed for the assessment of anxiety-like behavior and locomotor activity (open-field test), and memory (novel object recognition test). In the physiological evaluation, in an acute experiment, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and heart and respiratory rates were recorded, and autonomic reflexes were evaluated. The expression of GFAP, Iba-1, NeuN and Synaptophysin in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was assessed. Intermittent lead exposure induced microgliosis and astrogliosis in the hippocampus of rats and changes in behavioral and cardiovascular function. We identified increases in GFAP and Iba1 markers together with presynaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, concomitant with behavioral changes. This type of exposure produced significant long-term memory dysfunction. Regarding physiological changes, hypertension, tachypnea, baroreceptor reflex impairment and increased chemoreceptor reflex sensitivity were observed. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the potential of lead intermittent exposure inducing reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis, along with a presynaptic loss that was accompanied by alterations of homeostatic mechanisms. This suggests that chronic neuroinflammation promoted by intermittent lead exposure since fetal period may increase the susceptibility to adverse events in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and/or in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Shvachiy
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ângela Amaro-Leal
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Natural Science, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Scientific Employee with an Honorary Contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Isabel Rocha
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera Geraldes
- Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217999435
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6
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Zhu J, Zhou F, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Li Y, Huang D, Chen L, Liu A, Zou F, Meng X. NLRP3 activation in microglia contributes to learning and memory impairment induced by chronic lead exposure in mice. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:179-191. [PMID: 36308466 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-induced microglial activation and neuroinflammation has been considered as one of the main pathological events of Pb neurotoxicity. The NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway is a major contributor to the neuroinflammatory process in the central nervous system. However, the relationship between chronic Pb exposure and neurogenic NLRP3 inflammasome is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation during the chronic Pb exposure using in vitro and in vivo models. Our results showed that chronic Pb exposure induce learning and memory impairment in mice, mainly related to the activation of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome. This phenomenon was reversed in mice by treating with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and using NLRP3-/- mice. In addition, Pb caused the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the production of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in BV2 cells. Amelioration of mtROS abolished Pb-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, after regulation of Ca2+ redistribution, mtROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation was restored. In conclusion, NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia plays a vital role in Pb neurotoxicity, by a novel mechanism of enhancing mtROS production and Ca2+ redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yunting Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Dingbang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Lixuan Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Anfei Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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7
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Yao M, Shao X, Wei Y, Zhang X, Wang H, Xu F. Dietary fiber ameliorates lead-induced gut microbiota disturbance and alleviates neuroinflammation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6795-6803. [PMID: 35704270 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) is a carbohydrate from the edible part of plants and has the functions of promoting gastrointestinal motility, regulating gut microbiota (GM) and improving health. Lead is a non-essential toxic heavy metal that can accumulate in the environment over time and enter the body through the respiratory tract, skin and gastrointestinal tract. Lead not only causes disturbances in GM but also leads to loss of homeostasis of immune functions, causes neuronal damage and results in neuroinflammation. The scientific literature has reported that DF had anti-inflammatory activity as a natural product. This review highlights the role of DF and its metabolic products in alleviating lead-induced neuroinflammation by inducing changes in the species and quantity of GM and regulating the immune system, providing a potential dietary protective strategy for lead-induced disease. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
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8
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Maeda N, Shimizu S, Takahashi Y, Kubota R, Uomoto S, Takesue K, Takashima K, Okano H, Ojiro R, Ozawa S, Tang Q, Jin M, Ikarashi Y, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Oral Exposure to Lead Acetate for 28 Days Reduces the Number of Neural Progenitor Cells but Increases the Number and Synaptic Plasticity of Newborn Granule Cells in Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis of Young-Adult Rats. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:2203-2220. [PMID: 36098941 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) causes developmental neurotoxicity. Developmental exposure to Pb acetate (PbAc) induces aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis by increasing or decreasing neural progenitor cell (NPC) subpopulations in the dentate gyrus (DG) of rats. To investigate whether hippocampal neurogenesis is similarly affected by PbAc exposure in a general toxicity study, 5-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered PbAc at 0, 4000, and 8000 ppm (w/v) in drinking water for 28 days. After exposure to 4000 or 8000 ppm PbAc, Pb had accumulated in the brains. Neurogenesis was suppressed by 8000 ppm PbAc, which was related to decreased number of type-2b NPCs, although number of mature granule cells were increased by both PbAc doses. Gene expression in the 8000 ppm PbAc group suggested suppressed NPC proliferation and increased apoptosis resulting in suppressed neurogenesis. PbAc exposure increased numbers of metallothionein-I/II+ cells and GFAP+ astrocytes in the DG hilus, and upregulated Mt1, antioxidant genes (Hmox1 and Gsta5), and Il6 in the DG, suggesting the induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation related to Pb accumulation resulting in suppressed neurogenesis. PbAc at 8000 ppm also upregulated Ntrk2 and increased the number of CALB2+ interneurons, suggesting the activation of BDNF-TrkB signaling and CALB2+ interneuron-mediated signals to ameliorate suppressed neurogenesis resulting in increased number of newborn granule cells. PbAc at both doses increased the number of ARC+ granule cells, suggesting the facilitation of synaptic plasticity of newborn granule cells through the activation of BDNF-TrkB signaling. These results suggest that PbAc exposure during the young-adult stage disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis, which had a different pattern from developmental exposure to PbAc. However, the induction of oxidative stress/neuroinflammation and activation of identical cellular signals occurred irrespective of the life stage at PbAc exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuno Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Saori Shimizu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Reiji Kubota
- Division of Environmental Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Suzuka Uomoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takesue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazumi Takashima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hiromu Okano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ozawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, BeiBei District, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshiaki Ikarashi
- Division of Environmental Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. .,Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. .,Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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9
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Liu M, Liu R, Wang R, Ba Y, Yu F, Deng Q, Huang H. Lead-induced neurodevelopmental lesion and epigenetic landscape: Implication in neurological disorders. J Appl Toxicol 2022. [PMID: 36433892 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) was implicated in multiple genotoxic, neuroepigenotoxic, and chromosomal-toxic mechanisms and interacted with varying synaptic plasticity pathways, likely underpinning previous reports of links between Pb and cognitive impairment. Epigenetic changes have emerged as a promising biomarker for neurological disorders, including cognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present review, special attention is paid to neural epigenetic features and mechanisms that can alter gene expression patterns upon environmental Pb exposure in rodents, primates, and zebrafish. Epigenetic modifications have also been discussed in population studies and cell experiment. Further, we explore growing evidence of potential linkage between Pb-induced disruption of regulatory pathway and neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders both in vivo and in vitro. These findings uncover how epigenome in neurons facilitates the development and function of the brain in response to Pb insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
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10
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Shin K, Lim G, Hong YS, Kim S, Hwang S, Lee J, Sin S, Cho A, Kim Y, Gautam R, Jo J, Acharya M, Maharjan A, Lee D, K C PB, Kim C, Heo Y, Kim HA. Exposure to lead on expression levels of brain immunoglobulins, inflammatory cytokines, and brain-derived neurotropic factor in fetal and postnatal mice with autism-like characteristics. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:891-900. [PMID: 34187350 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1945985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders, and their incidence is increasing worldwide. Increased exposure to environmental metal lead (Pb) has been proposed as a risk factor associated with ASD. In the present study, BTBR T+ tf/J (BTBR) mice with ASD-like behavioral characteristics and control FVB mice were exposed gestationally and/or neonatally to Pb, and compared with highly social FVB mice to investigate neuroimmunological abnormalities. IgG1 and IgG2a levels in fetal brains from BTBR dams exposed to Pb (BTBR-Pb) were significantly higher than those of BTBR-controls (BTBR-C). However, this change did not occur in FVB mice exposed to Pb. The IgG1:IgG2a ratio was higher in both fetal and postnatal brains of BTBR mice compared to FVB animals regardless of Pb exposure. The IL-4:IFN-γ ratio was elevated in BTBR-Pb relative to BTBR-C mice, but this ratio was not markedly affected following Pb exposure in FVB animals. These findings suggest the potential for a Pb-driven predominant TH2-like reactivity profile in brain microenvironment present in BTBR mice. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was decreased in fetal and postnatal BTBR-Pb brains relative to BTBR-C brains but not in FVB-Pb relative to FVB-C mice. Taken together, data demonstrate that Pb exposure might contribute to developmental brain abnormalities associated with ASD, particularly in individuals with genetic susceptibility to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- KyeongMin Shin
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - GyeongDong Lim
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seoub Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - SoNam Kim
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - SoRyeon Hwang
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHee Lee
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - SoJung Sin
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - AhRang Cho
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - YeonGyeong Kim
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Gautam
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHun Jo
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Manju Acharya
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Anju Maharjan
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - DaEun Lee
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Pramod B K C
- Graduate School Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - ChangYul Kim
- Graduate School Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ah Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Sarkar S. Mechanism of Gene-Environment Interactions Driving Glial Activation in Parkinson's Diseases. Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 8:203-211. [PMID: 34043217 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-021-00320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent motor disorder and is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of the brain. Though the pathology of PD is well established, the cause of this neuronal loss is not well understood. Approximately 90% of PD cases are sporadic, and the environment plays a significant role in disease pathogenesis. The etiology of PD is highly complex, with neuroinflammation being one of the most critical factors implicated in PD. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation and its interaction with environmental factors are unclear. RECENT FINDINGS Astroglia and microglia are the two principal cells that play an essential role in maintaining neuronal health in many ways, including through immunological means. Exposure to environmental stressors from various sources affects these glial cells leading to chronic and sustained inflammation. Recent epidemiological studies have identified an interaction among environmental factors and glial genes in Parkinson's disease. Mechanistic studies have shown that exposure to pesticides like rotenone and paraquat, neurotoxic metals like manganese and lead, and even diesel exhaust fumes induce glial activation by regulating various key inflammatory pathways, including the inflammasomes, NOX pathways, and others. This review aims to discuss the recent advances in understanding the mechanism of glial induction in response to environmental stressors and discuss the potential role of gene-environment interaction in driving glial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Lead (Pb2+) is a non-essential metal with numerous industrial applications that have led to ts ubiquity in the environment. Thus, not only occupational-exposed individuals' health is compromised, but also that of the general population and in particular children. Notably, although the central nervous system is particularly susceptible to Pb2+, other systems are affected as well. The present study focuses on molecular mechanisms that underlie the effects that arise from the presence of Pb2+ in situ in the brain, and the possible toxic effects that follows. As the brain barriers represent the first target of systemic Pb2+, mechanisms of Pb2+ entry into the brain are discussed, followed by a detailed discussion on neurotoxic mechanisms, with special emphasis on theories of ion mimicry, mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and neuroinflammation. Most importantly, the confluence and crosstalk between these events is combined into a cogent mechanism of toxicity, by intertwining recent and old evidences from humans, in vitro cell culture and experimental animals. Finally, pharmacological interventions, including chelators, antioxidants substances, anti-inflammatory drugs, or their combination are reviewed as integrated approaches to ameliorate Pb2+ harmful effects in both developing or adult organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam B. Virgolini
- IFEC CONICET. IFEC-CONICET. Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA and IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Signal transduction associated with lead-induced neurological disorders: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 150:112063. [PMID: 33596455 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a heavy metal pollutant that is widely present in the environment. It affects every organ system, yet the nervous system appears to be the most sensitive and primary target. Although many countries have made significant strides in controlling Pb pollution, Pb poisoning continuous to be a major public health concern. Exposure to Pb causes neurotoxicity that ranges from neurodevelopmental disorders to severe neurodegenerative lesions, leading to impairments in learning, memory, and cognitive function. Studies on the mechanisms of Pb-induced nervous system injury have convincingly shown that this metal can affect a plethora of cellular pathways affecting on cell survival, altering calcium dyshomeostasis, and inducing apoptosis, inflammation, energy metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, autophagy and glial stress. This review summarizes recent knowledge on multiple signaling pathways associated with Pb-induced neurological disorders in vivo and in vitro.
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14
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Kaur I, Behl T, Aleya L, Rahman MH, Kumar A, Arora S, Akter R. Role of metallic pollutants in neurodegeneration: effects of aluminum, lead, mercury, and arsenic in mediating brain impairment events and autism spectrum disorder. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:8989-9001. [PMID: 33447979 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder of the brain characterized by shortfall in the social portfolio of an individual and abbreviated interactive and communication aspects rendering stereotypical behavior and pitfalls in a child's memory, thinking, and learning capabilities. The incidence of ASD has accelerated since the past decade, portraying environment as one of the primary assets, comprising of metallic components aiming to curb the neurodevelopmental pathways in an individual. Many regulations like Clean Air Act and critical steps taken by countries all over the globe, like Sweden and the USA, have rendered the necessity to study the effects of environmental metallic components on ASD progression. The review focuses on the primary metallic components present in the environment (aluminum, lead, mercury, and arsenic), responsible for accelerating ASD symptoms by a set of general mechanisms like oxidative stress reduction, glycolysis suppression, microglial activation, and metalloprotein disruption, resulting in apoptotic signaling, neurotoxic effects, and neuroinflammatory responses. The effect of these metals can be retarded by certain protective strategies like chelation, dietary correction, certain agents (curcumin, mangiferin, selenium), and detoxification enhancement, which can necessarily halt the neurodegenerative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Paris, France
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Rafaiee R, Khastar H, Garmabi B, Taleb M, Norouzi P, Khaksari M. Hydrogen sulfide protects hippocampal CA1 neurons against lead mediated neuronal damage via reduction oxidative stress in male rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 112:101917. [PMID: 33444772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
H2S plays vital roles in modulation brain function. It is associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We assessed the H2S impact on spatial learning and memory deficit and cell death due to lead exposure, and probable mechanisms of action. The 36 male Wistar rats that (200-220 g), were in random assigned to 3 groups, control group (12 rats), lead acetate group (12 rats), and lead acetate +H2S groups (NaHS as a H2S donor; 5/6 mg/kg; 12 rats). Administration of lead to rats was performed through acute lead poisoning (25 mg/kg of lead acetate, IP through 3 days). Using male Morris water maze, their spatial learning and memory function were measured. We carried out ELISA method to calculate TNF-α and antioxidant enzymes level. Immunohistochemical staining was applied for evaluating the caspase-3 expression levels. Treatment with H2S improved learning and memory impairment in Pb-exposed rats (P<0.05). H2S treatment suppressed Pb-related apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 subfield (P<0.01). Also, the TNF-α over-expression in the CA1 region of hippocampus due to lead exposure showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) after administrating H2S. Simultaneously, H2S treatment reduced the MDA levels, enhanced SOD, GSH level than the Pb-exposed group in hippocampus (P<0.05). H2S was able to significantly improve Pb-related spatial learning and memory deficit, and neuronal cell death in the CA1 region of hippocampus in the male rats at least partly by reducing oxidative stress and TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Rafaiee
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Research Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hosein Khastar
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Behzad Garmabi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Malihe Taleb
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud Universityof Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Pirasteh Norouzi
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khaksari
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
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16
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Chen C, Zhang X, Huang H, Bao H, Li X, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Ding Y, Yang Y, Gu H, Xia D. Bi-enzymes treatments attenuate cognitive impairment associated with oxidative damage of heavy metals. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201404. [PMID: 33614079 PMCID: PMC7890482 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. Lead (Pb) is a common environmental toxicant and plays a vital role in oxidative stress activation. In this study, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) containing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) meso-particles (PLGA@SOD-CAT) were prepared to attenuate cognitive impairment via inhibiting oxidative stress in rats. It was prepared using a double emulsion (water/oil/water phase) technique to minimize the hazardous effects of Pb burden on cognitive impairment. The meso-particles antagonized the Pb-induced cognitive impairments. Behaviour, serum biochemical parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats were evaluated after they were subjected to intravenous injection with lead nitrate and PLGA@SOD-CAT. Moreover, the potential protective mechanism of PLGA@SOD-CAT was determined. Notably, PLGA@SOD-CAT appreciably agented memory impairment caused by lead nitrate and it could significantly inhibit Pb-induced oxidative stress in the blood. Furthermore, a remarkable reversion effect of cognitive impairments, including escape latency, crossing platform times and time per cent during the platform quadrant, after PLGA@SOD-CAT administration were noted. Therefore, these results suggested that the bi-enzymes platform was a superior product in eliminating Pb-induced cognitive impairments through reducing expression of Pb-associated oxidative stress, and it could potentially be applied in detoxifying heavy metals in blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Boao Evergrande International Hospital, Qionghai, Hainan 571400, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Bao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanguang Yang
- Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Gu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Xia
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
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17
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Abd-Ellatieff H, Anwar S, Abas O, Abou-Rawash AR, Fukushi H, Yanai T. Correlation of Immunomodulatory Cytokine Expression with Histopathological Changes and Viral Antigen in a Hamster Model of Equine Herpesvirus-9 Encephalitis. J Comp Pathol 2020; 180:46-54. [PMID: 33222873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A group of hamsters (n = 25) was intranasally infected with equine herpesvirus-9 (EHV-9) and mRNA transcription levels of several proinflammatory (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines were investigated in brain tissue using RT-qPCR. These levels were correlated with the severity of sequential histopathological changes and intensity of immunohistochemical labelling of virus antigen in brain. Early and progressive upregulation of all the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines investigated (P < 0.05) was correlated with increasing severity of encephalitis and viral antigen expression from 2 days post infection (dpi) with a peak at 4-5 dpi (P <0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Abd-Ellatieff
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Shehata Anwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Canada
| | - Osama Abas
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rhman Abou-Rawash
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Hiadeto Fukushi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Laboratory of Wildlife and Forensic Pathology, Biomedical Science Examination and Research Center, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan.
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18
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Malik A, Ashraf MAB, Khan MW, Zahid A, Shafique H, Waquar S, Gan SH, Ashraf M. Implication of Physiological and Biochemical Variables of Prognostic Importance in Lead Exposed Subjects. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 78:329-336. [PMID: 31620805 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-019-00673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of leaded gasoline adversely affects cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems. Study projects to rule out different variables of prognostic importance in lead-exposed subjects. A total of 317 traffic wardens with 5 years of outdoor experience and Hb levels < 10 µg/dl, and 100 traffic wardens with indoor duties were substituted in two groups. Levels of vitamins, cytokines, lead, iron, minerals, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation were estimated with help of their standard ELISA and spectrophotometric methods respectively. The present study show increased levels of lead in subjects (29.8 ± 3.8 vs. 1.5 ± 0.2 µg/dl) that may be involved in increasing oxidative stress, i.e., levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and isoprostanes were increased in subjects (4.6 ± 0.5, 4.3 ± 0.6 and 37.2 ± 5.1). Moreover, levels of antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT), were decreased. It also exhibits reduced levels of different enzymes in anemic traffic wardens. Current study concludes that wardens exposed to environmental lead are more susceptible to develop cardiovascular and neurological disorders. It shows that toxicity of lead maybe responsible for redox imbalance and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, early detection of these biomarkers may help to reduce lead toxicity and it also may help to control the dilemma of uncontrolled environmental pollution by implicating strict actions against substandard gasoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ayesha Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Shafique
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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19
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Huang WH, Hu CC, Yen TH, Hsu CW, Weng CH. Blood lead level: an overlooked risk of carpal tunnel syndrome in hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail 2020; 41:786-793. [PMID: 31498017 PMCID: PMC6746292 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1657894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a severe complication observed in long-term maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The most common cause of CTS is dialysis-related β2-microglobulin amyloidosis, which is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in dialysis patients. Patients on MHD have higher blood lead levels (BLLs) than the general population. Lead (Pb) exposure in chronic dialysis patients has been noted to induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, lead-related inflammation and oxidative stress might contribute to CTS. Methods: The medical records of 866 MHD patients were reviewed. Two hundred and thirty-four patients with symptoms of CTS were surveyed by senior neurologists via physical examinations and nerve conduction studies. Patients in this study were stratified into groups with low-normal (<10 μg/dL), high-normal (10 to 20 μg/dL), and abnormal (>20 μg/dL) BLLs. The associations between CTS and BLLs and the clinical data were analyzed. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that Log BLL (OR: 54.810, 95% CI: 13.622-220.54, p < .001), high-normal BLLs (OR: 4.839, 95% CI: 2.262-10.351, p < .001) with low-normal BLL as a reference, high BLLs (OR: 12.952, 95% CI: 5.391-31.119, p < .001) with low-normal BLL as a reference, and a BLL >12.3 μg/dL (OR: 6.827, 95% CI: 3.737-12.472, p < .001) were positively associated with CTS according to three different analyses. Discussion: In conclusion, blood lead levels were positively associated with CTS in patients on MHD. Dialysis patients should pay more attention to their environmental exposure to Pb. Avoidance of environmental Pb may reduce the incidence of CTS in MHD patients. Future studies will address the role of Pb in the pathophysiology of CTS in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hung Huang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Clinical Poison Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Hu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Keelung , Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Clinical Poison Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Hsu
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Clinical Poison Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Clinical Poison Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
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20
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Pre- and Neonatal Exposure to Lead (Pb) Induces Neuroinflammation in the Forebrain Cortex, Hippocampus and Cerebellum of Rat Pups. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031083. [PMID: 32041252 PMCID: PMC7037720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal with a proven neurotoxic effect. Exposure is particularly dangerous to the developing brain in the pre- and neonatal periods. One postulated mechanism of its neurotoxicity is induction of inflammation. This study analyzed the effect of exposure of rat pups to Pb during periods of brain development on the concentrations of selected cytokines and prostanoids in the forebrain cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Methods: Administration of 0.1% lead acetate (PbAc) in drinking water ad libitum, from the first day of gestation to postnatal day 21, resulted in blood Pb in rat pups reaching levels below the threshold considered safe for humans by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (10 µg/dL). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the levels of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to determine the expression levels of cyclooxygenases COX-1 and COX-2. Finally, Western blot was used to determine the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Results: In all studied brain structures (forebrain cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum), the administration of Pb caused a significant increase in all studied cytokines and prostanoids (IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, PGE2 and TXB2). The protein and mRNA expression of COX-1 and COX-2 increased in all studied brain structures, as did NF-κB expression. Conclusions: Chronic pre- and neonatal exposure to Pb induces neuroinflammation in the forebrain cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rat pups.
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Hou R, Huo X, Zhang S, Xu C, Huang Y, Xu X. Elevated levels of lead exposure and impact on the anti-inflammatory ability of oral sialic acids among preschool children in e-waste areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134380. [PMID: 31678878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The oral health of preschool children in an electronic waste (e-waste) area is susceptible to lead (Pb) exposure increasing the risk of dental caries and causing periodontitis and other oral diseases. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between chronic exposure to Pb and oral anti-inflammatory potential of preschool children. For this analysis, 574 preschool children from 2.5 to 6 years of age were recruited between November and December 2017, in which 357 preschool children were from Guiyu (n = 357), an e-waste-contaminated town, and 217 from Haojiang Shantou. We measured the levels of child blood Pb, salivary sialic acid, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and investigated the prevalence of dental caries in deciduous teeth. The medians of blood Pb levels, serum IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the Guiyu children than in Haojiang children. Concomitantly, salivary sialic acids were lower in the Guiyu children [9.58 (3.97, 18.42) mg/dL] than in Haojiang [17.57 (5.95, 24.23) mg/dL]. Additionally, the prevalence of dental caries in deciduous teeth was significantly higher in the Guiyu children than in Haojiang (62.5% vs. 53.9%). Blood Pb levels were negatively correlated with salivary sialic acids, in which IL-6 played as a mediator of the association between blood Pb levels and saliva sialic acid concentrations according to the mediation model. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the potential association between chronic Pb exposure and the anti-inflammatory ability of oral sialic acids among preschool children. These results suggest that the chronic Pb exposure can reduce salivary sialic acid levels, attenuate oral anti-inflammatory potential and increase the potential risk of dental caries in deciduous teeth among preschool children in an e-waste site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikun Hou
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaocheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijing Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Baranger K, van Gijsel-Bonnello M, Stephan D, Carpentier W, Rivera S, Khrestchatisky M, Gharib B, De Reggi M, Benech P. Long-Term Pantethine Treatment Counteracts Pathologic Gene Dysregulation and Decreases Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis in a Transgenic Mouse Model. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:1237-1254. [PMID: 31267473 PMCID: PMC6985318 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-molecular weight thiol pantethine, known as a hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic agent, is the major precursor of co-enzyme A. We have previously shown that pantethine treatment reduces amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced IL-1β release and alleviates pathological metabolic changes in primary astrocyte cultures. These properties of pantethine prompted us to investigate its potential benefits in vivo in the 5XFAD (Tg) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).1.5-month-old Tg and wild-type (WT) male mice were submitted to intraperitoneal administration of pantethine or saline control solution for 5.5 months. The effects of such treatments were investigated by performing behavioral tests and evaluating astrogliosis, microgliosis, Αβ deposition, and whole genome expression arrays, using RNAs extracted from the mice hippocampi. We observed that long-term pantethine treatment significantly reduced glial reactivity and Αβ deposition, and abrogated behavioral alteration in Tg mice. Moreover, the transcriptomic profiles revealed that after pantethine treatment, the expression of genes differentially expressed in Tg mice, and in particular those known to be related to AD, were significantly alleviated. Most of the genes overexpressed in Tg compared to WT were involved in inflammation, complement activation, and phagocytosis and were found repressed upon pantethine treatment. In contrast, pantethine restored the expression of a significant number of genes involved in the regulation of Αβ processing and synaptic activities, which were downregulated in Tg mice. Altogether, our data support a beneficial role for long-term pantethine treatment in preserving CNS crucial functions altered by Aβ pathogenesis in Tg mice and highlight the potential efficiency of pantethine to alleviate AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Baranger
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Manuel van Gijsel-Bonnello
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- Present Address: MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre and School of Life Science - Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Welcome Trust Building, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
| | - Delphine Stephan
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Wassila Carpentier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, UMS Omique, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière (P3S), F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Santiago Rivera
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bouchra Gharib
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Max De Reggi
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Benech
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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Reis CF, de Souza ID, Morais DAA, Oliveira RAC, Imparato DO, de Almeida RMC, Dalmolin RJS. Systems Biology-Based Analysis Indicates Global Transcriptional Impairment in Lead-Treated Human Neural Progenitor Cells. Front Genet 2019; 10:791. [PMID: 31552095 PMCID: PMC6748217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead poisoning effects are wide and include nervous system impairment, peculiarly during development, leading to neural damage. Lead interaction with calcium and zinc-containing metalloproteins broadly affects cellular metabolism since these proteins are related to intracellular ion balance, activation of signaling transduction cascades, and gene expression regulation. In spite of lead being recognized as a neurotoxin, there are gaps in knowledge about the global effect of lead in modulating the transcription of entire cellular systems in neural cells. In order to investigate the effects of lead poisoning in a systemic perspective, we applied the transcriptogram methodology in an RNA-seq dataset of human embryonic-derived neural progenitor cells (ES-NP cells) treated with 30 µM lead acetate for 26 days. We observed early downregulation of several cellular systems involved with cell differentiation, such as cytoskeleton organization, RNA, and protein biosynthesis. The downregulated cellular systems presented big and tightly connected networks. For long treatment times (12 to 26 days), it was possible to observe a massive impairment in cell transcription profile. Taking the enriched terms together, we observed interference in all layers of gene expression regulation, from chromatin remodeling to vesicle transport. Considering that ES-NP cells are progenitor cells that can originate other neural cell types, our results suggest that lead-induced gene expression disturbance might impair cells’ ability to differentiate, therefore influencing ES-NP cells’ fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis F Reis
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Iara D de Souza
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Diego A A Morais
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raffael A C Oliveira
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Danilo O Imparato
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rita M C de Almeida
- Institute of Physics and National Institute of Science and Technology: Complex Systems, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo J S Dalmolin
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment - IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry - CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Rahman A, Al-Qenaie S, Rao MS, Khan KM, Guillemin GJ. Memantine Is Protective against Cytotoxicity Caused by Lead and Quinolinic Acid in Cultured Rat Embryonic Hippocampal Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1134-1143. [PMID: 30950269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Quinolinic acid (QA) is an excitotoxic metabolite of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism produced in response to inflammation and oxidative stress. Lead (Pb) causes oxidative stress and thus may produce neurotoxicity by increasing QA production. We investigated the in vitro cytotoxic effects of Pb and QA and the protective effects of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine. Primary cultures of embryonic hippocampal cells from Wistar rats were treated with different concentrations of Pb, QA, and Pb + QA with and without memantine. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining. The numbers of immunostained neurons (with β3-Tubulin; Tuj1) and astrocytes (with glial fibrillary acidic protein) were counted. Pb at 20 μg/dL (0.97 μM) and QA at 500 nM concentrations showed significant cytotoxic effects, as evidenced by decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and a decrease in the number of both astrocytes and neurons. The combination of Pb and QA showed significant synergistic apoptotic effects at lower doses. Memantine (500 nM) was largely protective against the cytotoxic effects of both Pb and QA, suggesting that Pb's and QA's cytotoxicity involves NMDA receptor activation. Whereas the neuroprotection by memantine from QA-induced toxicity has been previously reported, this is the first study reporting the protection by memantine against Pb-induced cytotoxicity in cultured hippocampal cells. Protection by memantine against these neurotoxicants in vivo needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences , Kuwait University , 13060 Kuwait City , Kuwait
| | - Sara Al-Qenaie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences , Kuwait University , 13060 Kuwait City , Kuwait.,Kuwait Oil Company Hospital , 61008 Ahmadi , Kuwait
| | - Muddanna S Rao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Kuwait University , 13060 Kuwait City , Kuwait
| | - Khalid M Khan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine , Kuwait University , 13060 Kuwait City , Kuwait
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , Macquarie Park , New South Wales 2109 , Australia
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Pajewska-Szmyt M, Sinkiewicz-Darol E, Gadzała-Kopciuch R. The impact of environmental pollution on the quality of mother's milk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7405-7427. [PMID: 30687894 PMCID: PMC6447517 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Breastfeeding is a gold standard of neonate nutrition because human milk contains a lot of essential compounds crucial for proper development of a child. However, milk is also a biofluid which can contain environmental pollution, which can have effects on immune system and consequently on the various body organs. Polychlorinated biphenyls are organic pollutants which have been detected in human milk. They have lipophilic properties, so they can penetrate to fatty milk and ultimately to neonate digestive track. Another problem of interest is the presence in milk of heavy metals-arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury-as these compounds can lead to disorders in production of cytokines, which are important immunomodulators. The toxicants cause stimulation or suppression of this compounds. This can lead to health problems in children as allergy, disorders in the endocrine system, end even neurodevelopment delay and disorder. Consequently, correlations between pollutants and bioactive components in milk should be investigated. This article provides an overview of environmental pollutants found in human milk as well as of the consequences of cytokine disorder correlated with presence of heavy metals. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Pajewska-Szmyt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska St, PL-87100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Elena Sinkiewicz-Darol
- Ludwik Rydygier Provincial Polyclinic Hospital in Toruń, Human Milk Bank, Św. Józefa 53-59, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
- Human Milk Bank Foundation, 128J Podkowy St, 04-937, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska St, PL-87100, Toruń, Poland.
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26
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Bjørklund G, Skalny AV, Rahman MM, Dadar M, Yassa HA, Aaseth J, Chirumbolo S, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA. Toxic metal(loid)-based pollutants and their possible role in autism spectrum disorder. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:234-250. [PMID: 29902778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication, and stereotypic behaviors. Many studies support a significant relationship between many different environmental factors in ASD etiology. These factors include increased daily exposure to various toxic metal-based environmental pollutants, which represent a cause for concern in public health. This article reviews the most relevant toxic metals, commonly found, environmental pollutants, i.e., lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), aluminum (Al), and the metalloid arsenic (As). Additionally, it discusses how pollutants can be a possible pathogenetic cause of ASD through various mechanisms including neuroinflammation in different regions of the brain, fundamentally occurring through elevation of the proinflammatory profile of cytokines and aberrant expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Due to the worldwide increase in toxic environmental pollution, studies on the role of pollutants in neurodevelopmental disorders, including direct effects on the developing brain and the subjects' genetic susceptibility and polymorphism, are of utmost importance to achieve the best therapeutic approach and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, Russia
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Heba A Yassa
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway; Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
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Singh N, Kumar A, Gupta VK, Sharma B. Biochemical and Molecular Bases of Lead-Induced Toxicity in Mammalian Systems and Possible Mitigations. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:1009-1021. [PMID: 30178661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of lead exposure on mammals are reported to be devastating. Lead is present in all the abiotic environmental components such as brass, dust, plumbing fixtures, soil, water, and lead mixed imported products. Its continuous use for several industrial and domestic purposes has caused a rise in its levels, thereby posing serious threats to human health. The mechanisms involved in lead-induced toxicity primarily include free-radical-mediated generation of oxidative stress which directly imbalances the prooxidants and the antioxidants in body. The toxicity of lead involves damage primarily to major biomolecules (lipid, protein, and nucleic acids) and liver (hepatotoxicity), nervous system (neurotoxicity), kidney (nephrotoxicity) and DNA (genotoxicity), present in animals and humans. The activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, or Akt and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways are important for lead cytotoxicity. Lead increased apoptosis through signaling cascade and associated factors and significantly impairs cell differentiation and maturation. In addition, lead has great impact on metabolic pathways such as heme synthesis, thereby leading to the onset of anemia in lead exposed people. This review encompasses an updated account of varied aspects of lead-induced oxidative stress and the biomolecular consequences such as perturbations in physiological processes, apoptosis, carcinogenesis, hormonal imbalance, loss of vision, and reduced fertility and their possible remediation through synthetic (chelators) and natural compounds (plant-based principles). This paper is primarily concerned with the biomedical implications of lead-induced generation of free radical and the toxicity management in the mammalian system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Allahabad , Allahabad 211002 , India
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Rahman A, Rao MS, Khan KM. Intraventricular infusion of quinolinic acid impairs spatial learning and memory in young rats: a novel mechanism of lead-induced neurotoxicity. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:263. [PMID: 30217162 PMCID: PMC6137743 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lead (Pb), a heavy metal, and quinolinic acid (QA), a metabolite of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, are known neurotoxicants. Both Pb and QA impair spatial learning and memory. Pb activates astrocytes and microglia, which in turn induce the synthesis of QA. We hypothesized increased QA production in response to Pb exposure as a novel mechanism of Pb-neurotoxicity. Methods Two experimental paradigms were used. In experiment one, Wistar rat pups were exposed to Pb via their dams’ drinking water from postnatal day 1 to 21. Control group was given regular water. In the second protocol, QA (9 mM) or normal saline (as Vehicle Control) was infused into right lateral ventricle of 21-day old rats for 7 days using osmotic pumps. Learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test on postnatal day 30 or 45 in both Pb- and QA-exposed rats. QA levels in the Pb exposed rats were measured in blood by ELISA and in the brain by immunohistochemistry on postnatal days 45 and 60. Expression of various molecules involved in learning and memory was analyzed by Western blot. Means of control and experimental groups were compared with two-way repeated measure ANOVA (learning) and t test (all other variables). Results Pb exposure increased QA level in the blood (by ~ 58%) and increased (p < 0.05) the number of QA-immunoreactive cells in the cortex, and CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus, compared to control rats. In separate experiments, QA infusion impaired learning and short-term memory similar to Pb. PSD-95, PP1, and PP2A were decreased (p < 0.05) in the QA-infused rats, whereas tau phosphorylation was increased, compared to vehicle infused rats. Conclusion Putting together the results of the two experimental paradigms, we propose that increased QA production in response to Pb exposure is a novel mechanism of Pb-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Muddanna S Rao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Khalid M Khan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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29
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Metryka E, Chibowska K, Gutowska I, Falkowska A, Kupnicka P, Barczak K, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061813. [PMID: 29925772 PMCID: PMC6032409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immune system is constantly exposed to xenobiotics and pathogens from the environment. Although the mechanisms underlying their influence have already been at least partially recognized, the effects of some factors, such as lead (Pb), still need to be clarified. The results of many studies indicate that Pb has a negative effect on the immune system, and in our review, we summarize the most recent evidence that Pb can promote inflammatory response. We also discuss possible molecular and biochemical mechanisms of its proinflammatory action, including the influence of Pb on cytokine metabolism (interleukins IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-1b, IL-6), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); the activity and expression of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process (cyclooxygenases); and the effect on selected acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin. We also discuss the influence of Pb on the immune system cells (T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, Langerhans cells) and the secretion of IgA, IgE, IgG, histamine, and endothelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Metryka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Karina Chibowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Falkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
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30
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de Souza ID, de Andrade AS, Dalmolin RJS. Lead-interacting proteins and their implication in lead poisoning. Crit Rev Toxicol 2018; 48:375-386. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1429387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iara Dantas de Souza
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Abraão Silveira de Andrade
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliani Siqueira Dalmolin
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment – IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry – CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Yang M, Li Y, Wang Y, Cheng N, Zhang Y, Pang S, Shen Q, Zhao L, Li G, Zhu G. The effects of lead exposure on the expression of HMGB1 and HO-1 in rats and PC12 cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 288:111-118. [PMID: 29447957 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxic metal. Chronic exposure to Pb causes deficits of learning and memory in children and spatial learning deficits in developing rats. In this study we investigated the effects of Pb exposure on the expression of HMGB1 and HO-1 in rats and PC12 cells. The animals were randomly divided to three groups: control group; low lead exposure group; high lead exposure group; PC12 cells were divided into 3 groups: 0 μM (control group), 1 μM and 100 μM Pb acetate. The results showed that Pb levels in blood and brain of Pb exposed groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The expression of HMGB1 and HO-1 were increased in Pb exposed groups than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, we found that the up-regulation of HO-1 in Pb exposure environment inhibited the expression of HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yaobin Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Queen Marry College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- Queen Marry College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Queen Marry College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Shimin Pang
- Second Clinical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Qiwei Shen
- Second Clinical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Second Clinical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Guilin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Gaochun Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, BaYi Road 461, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
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Kasten-Jolly J, Lawrence DA. The cationic (calcium and lead) and enzyme conundrum. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:400-413. [PMID: 30917763 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1592728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The environmental toxicant lead (Pb) and the essential element calcium (Ca) play an interactive role in extracellular and intracellular regulatory functions that affect health. Lead's usurping calcium binding sites, as well as its interactions with thiols and phosphates have been suggested to be the basis for adverse effects on many organ systems especially the nervous system. Among regulatory processes controlled by Ca are calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, calmodulin inhibitor sensitive potassium channels, and calmodulin-independent protein kinase C (PKC) activation. This review focused on Pb studies describing the modulation of PKC, which is also regulated by steroids. Steroid hormone regulation may relate to a focal point for the sex differences of Pb and cellular signaling events. Picomolar concentrations of Pb may stimulate partially purified PKC, but higher concentrations inhibit activity. Although knowledge exists regarding Pb and PKC isoforms, especially interaction of Pb with the purified enzyme, there are conflicting reports concerning metal-mediated activation or inhibition of PKC and downstream signaling events. The effect of Pb on PKC in vivo remains elusive. Most reports of Pb and PKC in whole animal and human studies indicated that Pb either inhibits PKC or exerts no significant effect. However, most of the animal studies were performed with males. Recent studies performed with females and males separately revealed that females and males respond to Pb quite differently, and for this reason, it is suggested that future Pb studies of PKC and other biomedical investigations be performed with females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kasten-Jolly
- a New York State Department of Health , Wadsworth Center , Albany , NY , USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- a New York State Department of Health , Wadsworth Center , Albany , NY , USA
- b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany School of Public Health , Rensselaer , NY , USA
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Sex-specific effects of developmental lead exposure on the immune-neuroendocrine network. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 334:142-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Liu Y, Jiao X, Teng X, Gu X, Teng X. Antagonistic effect of selenium on lead-induced inflammatory injury through inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and stimulating selenoproteins in chicken hearts. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the chicken model of Pb and Se, Se alleviated Pb-induced the changes of inflammatory factors, selenoproteins, and histology. Se alleviated Pb-induced inflammatory injury through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway and stimulating selenoproteins in the chicken hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Teng
- Grassland Workstation in Heilongjiang Province
- Harbin 150067
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Gu
- Institute of Animal Science
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing 100193
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- People's Republic of China
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Chibowska K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Falkowska A, Gutowska I, Goschorska M, Chlubek D. Effect of Lead (Pb) on Inflammatory Processes in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122140. [PMID: 27999370 PMCID: PMC5187940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
That the nervous system is the main target of lead (Pb) has long been considered an established fact until recent evidence has linked the Pb effect on the immune system to the toxic effects of Pb on the nervous system. In this paper, we present recent literature reports on the effect of Pb on the inflammatory processes in the brain, particularly the expression of selected cytokines in the brain (interleukin 6, TGF-β1, interleukin 16, interleukin 18, and interleukin 10); expression and activity of enzymes participating in the inflammatory processes, such as cyclooxygenase 2, caspase 1, nitrogen oxide synthase (NOS 2) and proteases (carboxypeptidases, metalloproteinases and chymotrypsin); and the expression of purine receptors P2X4 and P2X7. A significant role in the development of inflammatory processes in the brain is also played by microglia (residual macrophages in the brain and the spinal cord), which act as the first line of defense in the central nervous system, and astrocytes—Whose most important function is to maintain homeostasis for the proper functioning of neurons. In this paper, we also present evidence that exposure to Pb may result in micro and astrogliosis by triggering TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling cascade and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Chibowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Falkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Marta Goschorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
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Hussein SA, Hassanein MRR, Amin A, Hussein AHM. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Protects Rat Kidney Against Oxidative Stress-Mediated DNA Damage and Apoptosis Induced by Lead. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ajbmb.2016.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xu LH, Mu FF, Zhao JH, He Q, Cao CL, Yang H, Liu Q, Liu XH, Sun SJ. Lead Induces Apoptosis and Histone Hyperacetylation in Rat Cardiovascular Tissues. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129091. [PMID: 26075388 PMCID: PMC4468051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic lead (Pb) exposure might cause hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of early acute exposure to Pb on the cellular morphology, apoptosis, and proliferation in rats and to elucidate the early mechanisms involved in the development of Pb-induced hypertension. Very young Sprague-Dawley rats were allowed to drink 1% Pb acetate for 12 and 40 days. Western blot analysis indicated that the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) decreased in the tissues of the abdominal and thoracic aortas and increased in the cardiac tissue after 12 and 40 days of Pb exposure, respectively. Bax was upregulated and Bcl-2 was downregulated in vascular and cardiac tissues after 40 days of Pb exposure. In addition, an increase in caspase-3 activity was observed after 40 days of exposure to Pb. In terms of morphology, we found that the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of aorta lost the original curve and the diameter of cardiac cell was enlarged after 40 days. Furthermore, the exposure led to a marked increase in acetylated histone H3 levels in the aortas and cardiac tissue after 12 and 40 days, than that in the control group. These findings indicate that Pb might increase the level of histone acetylation and induce apoptosis in vascular and cardiac tissues. However, the mechanism involved need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Fang-Fang Mu
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhao
- The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Qiang He
- The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Cui-Li Cao
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xue-Hui Liu
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Su-Ju Sun
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- * E-mail:
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Zebrafish as a Model for Developmental Neurotoxicity Assessment: The Application of the Zebrafish in Defining the Effects of Arsenic, Methylmercury, or Lead on Early Neurodevelopment. TOXICS 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/toxics2030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kasten-Jolly J, Lawrence DA. Lead modulation of macrophages causes multiorgan detrimental health effects. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 28:355-72. [PMID: 24863546 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The environmental toxicant lead (Pb) has detrimental effects on a number of organ systems, including the immune system. Pb exposure decreases host immune defenses against numerous microorganisms and cancer. Although Pb effects on humoral and cell-mediated immunity as well as on erythrocyte, neural, and renal pathophysiology have been well documented, there are few reports regarding Pb's impact on innate immunity, which can affect multiorgan processes. This review focuses on Pb modulation of a key innate immune cell, the macrophage. The impact of Pb on macrophages in different organs, on immature versus mature macrophages, and on low versus high Pb concentrations is discussed. Pb decreases phagocytosis and chemotaxis of macrophages and affects nitric oxide production and eicosanoid metabolism in mature macrophages. Pretreatment of macrophages with Pb increases TNF-α secretion after in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide; however, Pb exposure decreases in vivo intracellular pathogen killing. More recent evidence from mouse studies indicates that even low, environmentally relevant, blood concentrations of Pb result in increased phagocytosis of erythrocytes and decreased expression of interferon-gamma-inducible GTPases, p65-GBP, and p47-IRG, which are necessary for intracellular pathogen killing. Taking into account the effects of Pb on macrophages, the review describes posited mechanisms to account for Pb-altered health effects; Pb effects on heme levels may play a key role as well as Pb's preferential induction of helper type-2 T (Th2) cells and M2 macrophages, which is related to oxidative stress. The discussion links old findings with new, thereby adding new insight into the effects of Pb on macrophages and the resultant compromised immunity and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kasten-Jolly
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
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Kumawat KL, Kaushik DK, Goswami P, Basu A. Acute exposure to lead acetate activates microglia and induces subsequent bystander neuronal death via caspase-3 activation. Neurotoxicology 2014; 41:143-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Garay PA, Hsiao EY, Patterson PH, McAllister AK. Maternal immune activation causes age- and region-specific changes in brain cytokines in offspring throughout development. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 31:54-68. [PMID: 22841693 PMCID: PMC3529133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection is a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ). Indeed, modeling this risk factor in mice through maternal immune activation (MIA) causes ASD- and SZ-like neuropathologies and behaviors in the offspring. Although MIA upregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines in the fetal brain, whether MIA leads to long-lasting changes in brain cytokines during postnatal development remains unknown. Here, we tested this possibility by measuring protein levels of 23 cytokines in the blood and three brain regions from offspring of poly(I:C)- and saline-injected mice at five postnatal ages using multiplex arrays. Most cytokines examined are present in sera and brains throughout development. MIA induces changes in the levels of many cytokines in the brains and sera of offspring in a region- and age-specific manner. These MIA-induced changes follow a few, unexpected and distinct patterns. In frontal and cingulate cortices, several, mostly pro-inflammatory, cytokines are elevated at birth, followed by decreases during periods of synaptogenesis and plasticity, and increases again in the adult. Cytokines are also altered in postnatal hippocampus, but in a pattern distinct from the other regions. The MIA-induced changes in brain cytokines do not correlate with changes in serum cytokines from the same animals. Finally, these MIA-induced cytokine changes are not accompanied by breaches in the blood-brain barrier, immune cell infiltration or increases in microglial density. Together, these data indicate that MIA leads to long-lasting, region-specific changes in brain cytokines in offspring-similar to those reported for ASD and SZ-that may alter CNS development and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A. Garay
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
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Hou S, Yuan L, Jin P, Ding B, Qin N, Li L, Liu X, Wu Z, Zhao G, Deng Y. A clinical study of the effects of lead poisoning on the intelligence and neurobehavioral abilities of children. Theor Biol Med Model 2013; 10:13. [PMID: 23414525 PMCID: PMC3598508 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-10-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lead is a heavy metal and important environmental toxicant and nerve poison that can destruction many functions of the nervous system. Lead poisoning is a medical condition caused by increased levels of lead in the body. Lead interferes with a variety of body processes and is toxic to many organs and issues, including the central nervous system. It interferes with the development of the nervous system, and is therefore particularly toxic to children, causing potentially permanent neural and cognitive impairments. In this study, we investigated the relationship between lead poisoning and the intellectual and neurobehavioral capabilities of children. Methods The background characteristics of the research subjects were collected by questionnaire survey. Blood lead levels were detected by differential potentiometric stripping analysis (DPSA). Intelligence was assessed using the Gesell Developmental Scale. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to evaluate each child’s behavior. Results Blood lead levels were significantly negatively correlated with the developmental quotients of adaptive behavior, gross motor performance, fine motor performance, language development, and individual social behavior (P < 0.01). Compared with healthy children, more children with lead poisoning had abnormal behaviors, especially social withdrawal, depression, and atypical body movements, aggressions and destruction. Conclusion Lead poisoning has adverse effects on the behavior and mental development of 2–4-year-old children, prescribing positive and effective precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Holz JD, Beier E, Sheu TJ, Ubayawardena R, Wang M, Sampson ER, Rosier RN, Zuscik M, Puzas JE. Lead induces an osteoarthritis-like phenotype in articular chondrocytes through disruption of TGF-β signaling. J Orthop Res 2012; 30:1760-6. [PMID: 22517267 PMCID: PMC3839422 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lead remains a significant environmental toxin, and we believe we may have identified a novel target of lead toxicity in articular chondrocytes. These cells are responsible for the maintenance of joint matrix, and do so under the regulation of TGF-β signaling. As lead is concentrated in articular cartilage, we hypothesize that it can disrupt normal chondrocyte phenotype through suppression of TGF-β signaling. These experiments examine the effects of lead exposure in vivo and in vitro at biologically relevant levels, from 1 nM to 10 µM on viability, collagen levels, matrix degrading enzyme activity, TGF-β signaling, and articular surface morphology. Our results indicate that viability was unchanged at levels ≤100 µM Pb, but low and high level lead in vivo exposure resulted in fibrillation and degeneration of the articular surface. Lead treatment also decreased levels of type II collagen and increased type X collagen, in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, MMP13 activity increased in a dose-dependent manner. Active caspase 3 and 8 were dose-dependently elevated, and treatment with 10 µM Pb resulted in increases of 30% and 500%, respectively. Increasing lead treatment resulted in a corresponding reduction in TGF-β reporter activity, with a 95% reduction at 10µM. Levels of phosphoSmad2 and 3 were suppressed in vitro and in vivo and lead dose-dependently increased Smurf2. These changes closely parallel those seen in osteoarthritis. Over time this phenotypic shift could compromise maintenance of the joint matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Holz
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Eric Beier
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Tzong-Jen Sheu
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Resika Ubayawardena
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Meina Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Erik R. Sampson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Randy N. Rosier
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Michael Zuscik
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - J. Edward Puzas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentristry, Rochester, NY, 14642,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642
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Rai A, Maurya SK, Sharma R, Ali S. Down-regulated GFAPα: a major player in heavy metal induced astrocyte damage. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 23:99-107. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2012.721809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Kasten-Jolly J, Pabello N, Bolivar VJ, Lawrence DA. Developmental lead effects on behavior and brain gene expression in male and female BALB/cAnNTac mice. Neurotoxicology 2012; 33:1005-20. [PMID: 22609695 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) was one of the first poisons identified, and the developing nervous system is particularly vulnerable to its toxic effects. Relatively low, subclinical doses, of Pb that produce no overt signs of encephalopathy can affect cognitive, emotional, and motor functions. In the present study, the effects of developmental Pb-exposure on behavioral performance and gene expression in BALB/cAnNTac mice were evaluated. Pups were exposed to Pb from gestational-day (gd) 8 to postnatal-day (pnd) 21 and later evaluated in exploratory behavior, rotarod, Morris water maze, and resident-intruder assays as adults. Pb-exposure caused significant alterations in exploratory behavior and water maze performance during the probe trial, but rotarod performance was not affected. Pb-exposed males displayed violent behavior towards their cage mates, but not to a stranger in the resident-intruder assay. Gene expression analysis at pnd21 by microarray and qRT-PCR was performed to provide a molecular link to the behavior changes that were observed. Pb strongly up-regulated gene expression within the signaling pathways of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extra-cellular matrix (ECM) receptor, focal adhesion, and vascular endothelial growth-factor (VEGF), but Pb down-regulated gene expression within the pathways for glycan structures-biosynthesis 1, purine metabolism, and N-glycan biosynthesis. Pb increased transcription of genes for major histocompatibility (MHC) proteins, the chemokine Ccl28, chemokine receptors, IL-7, IL7R, and proteases. The qRT-PCR analysis indicated an increase of gene expression in the whole brain for caspase 1 and NOS2. Analysis of IL-1β, caspase 1, NOS2, Trail, IL-18 and IL-33 gene expression of brain regions indicated that Pb perturbed the inter-regional expression pattern of pro-inflammatory genes. Brain region protein concentrations for IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, showed a significant decrease only within the cortex region. Results indicate that Pb differentially affects the behavior of male and female mice in that females did less exploration and the males were selectively more aggressive. Gene expression data pointed to evidence of neuroinflammation in the brain of both female and male mice. Pb had more of an effect in the males on expression of vomeronasal receptor genes associated with odor detection and social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kasten-Jolly
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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