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Quaresma MAG, Dos Santos FA, Roseiro LC, Ribeiro AP, Ferreira JD, Alves SP, Bessa RJB. Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction obtained from mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) reared in semiextensive conditions for hunting purposes. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103290. [PMID: 38100942 PMCID: PMC10762460 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mallard duck or wild duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is the world's most widespread and numerous dabbling duck, being traditionally hunted across many countries in Europe and North America. This study aims to provide a detailed characterization of mallard duck's meat lipid fraction obtained from farmed specimens, reared for hunting purposes, under semiextensive conditions. The mallard's duck meat total lipid content averaged 2.0 and 4.26 g/100 g of fresh meat in breast and leg meat portions, and its meat comprised 23 individual fatty acids (FA) and 3 dimethylacetals (DMA), independently of the sex or meat portion. The oleic (C18:1 cis-9), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), linoleic (C18:2n-6), arachidonic (C20:4n-6), palmitoleic (C16:1 cis-9), and cis-vaccenic (C18:1 cis-11) acids were the predominant FA (representing >1% of total fatty acids in both breast and leg meat portions and independently of the sex), and together, these 7 fatty acids were accountable for 92.4 to 96.5% of total FA plus DMA in mallard duck meat. The monounsaturated, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were accountable for 40.4, 35.0, and 21.0% of total FA plus DMA in breast and 54.6, 38.7, and 5.7% of total fatty acids in leg, while total DMA were liable for 3.6 and 0.9% of total FA plus DMA in breast and leg, respectively. The mallard duck meat total cholesterol content averaged 49.8 and 57.1 mg/100 g of fresh meat for breast and leg meat portions. Five tocochromanols were quantified in mallard duck meat, affording it with a total vitamin E content of 5.48 and 3.63 µg/g of fresh meat in breast and leg portions. The sex had no influence (P > 0.05) on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, but meat portion had a strong influence on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, influencing total lipid, total cholesterol, total vitamin E contents, FA partial sums, FA ratios (exception made for the n-6/n-3 ratio), and all nutritional lipid indices. The breast meat presented lower total lipid and total cholesterol contents, better FA ratios and nutritional quality indices and higher vitamin E content, being regarded as a healthier meat than leg. The study presented herein shows that mallard duck production in semiextensive conditions, similar to those used herein, could be used for the production of mallard duck beyond hunting. A production of duck's meat under natural or organic production practices, oriented to a market niche within the gourmet/organic markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A G Quaresma
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Abade Dos Santos
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L C Roseiro
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal; GeoBioTec - Geobiosciences, Geoengineering e Geobiotechnologies, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A P Ribeiro
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J D Ferreira
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S P Alves
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R J B Bessa
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
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Ndhlala AR, Kavaz Yüksel A, Çelebi N, Doğan HÖ. A General Review of Methodologies Used in the Determination of Cholesterol (C 27H 46O) Levels in Foods. Foods 2023; 12:4424. [PMID: 38137228 PMCID: PMC10742886 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (C27H46O) is a lipid-derived substance found in lipoproteins and cell membranes. It is also one of the main sources for the production of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones. Today, foods are evaluated by consumers not only according to their taste and nutritional content but also according to their effects on consumer health. For example, many consumers choose foods according to their cholesterol level. The cholesterol in the food can directly affect the blood cholesterol level when consumed, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases. High levels of cholesterol can lead to diet-related human diseases such as cardiac arrest, paralysis, type II diabetes, and cerebral hemorrhage. In societies with high living standards, interest in and consumption of foods that lower or have low cholesterol levels have increased recently. Accordingly, efforts to increase the variety of foods with reduced cholesterol levels are on the rise. This has indirectly led to the accurate measurement of cholesterol levels in blood and food being of great importance. Classical chemical, enzymatic, colorimetric, polarographic, chromatographic, and spectrophotometric methods; enzymatic, nonenzymatic, and electrochemical sensors; and biosensors are used for the determination of cholesterol in foods. The purpose of this review is to reveal and explore current and future trends in cholesterol detection methods in foods. This review will summarize the most appropriate and standard methods for measuring cholesterol in biological components and foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwell R. Ndhlala
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa;
| | - Arzu Kavaz Yüksel
- Department of Food Technology, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25030, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Çelebi
- Department of Chemical Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25030, Turkey; (N.Ç.); (H.Ö.D.)
| | - Hülya Öztürk Doğan
- Department of Chemical Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25030, Turkey; (N.Ç.); (H.Ö.D.)
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Zaki SS, Ghorab SM, Shamaa MS. Antioxidant effect on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets after tooth bleaching: A scoping review of in vitro studies. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100777. [PMID: 37257393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tooth bleaching was reported to decrease bond strength of orthodontic brackets. The antioxidant application was investigated to reverse the bleaching effect for immediate bracket bonding. This scoping review of in vitro studies is to assess systematically the effect of antioxidant application on shear bond strength (SBS) before orthodontic bracket bonding after tooth bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review was provided according to the Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. An electronic literature search was performed for full-text articles in English via Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from 2012 to May 9, 2023. RESULTS A total of 549 records were retrieved from the electronic search, and 361 after discarding duplicates. According to eligibility criteria, 23 records were included in this study. CONCLUSION Included studies revealed that antioxidants could increase the SBS of brackets after bleaching. However, there was controversiality whether SBS was just improved or restored to the unbleached level according to various factors, including the antioxidant type, concentration, application time, and form. Most studies reported that 10% sodium ascorbate (SA), ascorbic acid, green tea (GT), and tocopherol solutions restored SBS of metal brackets but not ceramic brackets. The result of 10% SA and GT gel was controversial. Lower concentrations than 10% was effective with pink bark, grape seed, quercetin flavonoid, and chamomile to restore SBS. The included studies revealed that retinol acetate, gooseberry, and dimethyl sulfoxide did not restore SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S Zaki
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Sayed M Ghorab
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Shamaa
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Napolitano G, Fasciolo G, Muscari Tomajoli MT, Venditti P. Changes in the Mitochondria in the Aging Process-Can α-Tocopherol Affect Them? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12453. [PMID: 37569829 PMCID: PMC10419829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic organisms use molecular oxygen in several reactions, including those in which the oxidation of substrate molecules is coupled to oxygen reduction to produce large amounts of metabolic energy. The utilization of oxygen is associated with the production of ROS, which can damage biological macromolecules but also act as signaling molecules, regulating numerous cellular processes. Mitochondria are the cellular sites where most of the metabolic energy is produced and perform numerous physiological functions by acting as regulatory hubs of cellular metabolism. They retain the remnants of their bacterial ancestors, including an independent genome that encodes part of their protein equipment; they have an accurate quality control system; and control of cellular functions also depends on communication with the nucleus. During aging, mitochondria can undergo dysfunctions, some of which are mediated by ROS. In this review, after a description of how aging affects the mitochondrial quality and quality control system and the involvement of mitochondria in inflammation, we report information on how vitamin E, the main fat-soluble antioxidant, can protect mitochondria from age-related changes. The information in this regard is scarce and limited to some tissues and some aspects of mitochondrial alterations in aging. Improving knowledge of the effects of vitamin E on aging is essential to defining an optimal strategy for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Muscari Tomajoli
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
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Jeny SR, Srinivasan K. Cesium Carbonate-Promoted Reaction of Nitro-Substituted Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Salicylaldehydes in Water: Access to Chromane Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37318855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes react with salicylaldehydes in the presence of cesium carbonate in water to give new chromane derivatives. The reaction takes place through in situ formation of allene intermediates from the cyclopropanes and subsequent Michael-initiated ring closure of the intermediates with salicylaldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastin Raj Jeny
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannupal Srinivasan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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6
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Müller H, Herzberg D, Chihuailaf R, Strobel P, Werner M, Bustamante H. Changes in Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis, and Substance P, B-Endorphin and α-Tocopherol Concentrations in the Spinal Cord of Chronically Lame Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101620. [PMID: 37238050 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Initial lameness inflammation leads to chronic lameness and development of chronic pain due to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in the transition from acute to chronic pain, and free radical scavengers countering thiol, substance P (SP), and β-endorphin (BE). The present study aimed to evaluate the dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis, α-tocopherol concentrations and SP and BE concentrations in the spinal cord of chronically lame dairy cows. Ten lame and 10 non-lame cows with a parity range of 2-6 were selected for the study. Lame cows had a history of up to 3 months of lameness. Spinal cord samples were obtained from the L2 to L4 lumbar vertebrae aspect of each animal. A thiol-disulfide homeostasis assay was performed using absorbance, and the α-tocopherol concentration was determined by HPLC. SP and BE concentrations were measured using ELISA kits. The results indicated that SP and BE were significantly higher in the spinal cord of lame cows. In contrast, disulfide levels and α-tocopherol concentrations were significantly lower in the spinal cord of lame cows. In conclusion, disulfide levels and α-tocopherol concentrations indicated a defective antioxidant response in cows with chronic lameness. The results of SP and BE concentrations suggested chronic pain and a defective endogenous analgesic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heine Müller
- Graduate School, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
- Veterinary Clinical Hospital, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2571959, Chile
| | - Daniel Herzberg
- Graduate School, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Ricardo Chihuailaf
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Pablo Strobel
- Animal Science Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Marianne Werner
- Animal Science Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Hedie Bustamante
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
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7
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Perrone S, Manti S, Petrolini C, Dell'Orto VG, Boscarino G, Ceccotti C, Bertini M, Buonocore G, Esposito SMR, Gitto E. Oxygen for the Newborn: Friend or Foe? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10030579. [PMID: 36980137 PMCID: PMC10047080 DOI: 10.3390/children10030579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen supplementation is widely used in neonatal care, however, it can also cause toxic effects if not used properly. Therefore, it appears crucial to find a balance in oxygen administration to avoid damage as a consequence of its insufficient or excessive use. Oxygen toxicity is mainly due to the production of oxygen radicals, molecules normally produced in humans and involved in a myriad of physiological reactions. In the neonatal period, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidant defenses, the so-called oxidative stress, might occur, causing severe pathological consequences. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of the production of oxygen radicals and their physiological functions in determining a set of diseases grouped together as "free radical diseases in the neonate". In addition, we describe the evolution of the oxygenation target recommendations during neonatal resuscitation and post-stabilization phases with the aim to define the best oxygen administration according to the newest evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafina Perrone
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Manti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Petrolini
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Giovanna Dell'Orto
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boscarino
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ceccotti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mattia Bertini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buonocore
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Eloisa Gitto
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
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8
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Teh SS, Lau HLN. Phytonutrient content and oil quality of selected edible oils upon twelve months storage. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soek Sin Teh
- Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board Persiaran Institusi Kajang Malaysia
| | - Harrison Lik Nang Lau
- Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board Persiaran Institusi Kajang Malaysia
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9
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Takhar M, Li Y, Ditto JC, Chan AWH. Formation pathways of aldehydes from heated cooking oils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:165-175. [PMID: 35194622 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cooking emissions account for a major fraction of urban volatile organic compounds and organic aerosol. Aldehyde species, in particular, are important exposure hazards in indoor residential and occupational environments, and precursors to particulate matter and ozone formation in outdoor air. Formation pathways of aldehydes from oils that lead to their emissions are not well understood. In this work, we investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the formation of aldehydes from heated cooking oil emissions, through studying how antioxidants and oil composition modulate oxidation chemistry. Our results demonstrate that gaseous emissions are driven by radical-mediated autoxidation reactions in cooking oil, and the composition of cooking oils strongly influences the reaction mechanisms. Antioxidants have a dual effect on aldehyde emissions depending on the rates of radical propagation reactions. We propose a mechanistic framework that can be used to understand and predict cooking emissions under different cooking conditions. Our results highlight the need to understand the rates and mechanisms of autoxidation and other reactions in cooking oils in order to accurately predict the gas- and particle-phase emissions from food cooking in urban atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Takhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yunchun Li
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jenna C Ditto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Arthur W H Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E5, Canada
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Babazadeh A, Vahed FM, Liu Q, Siddiqui SA, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Natural Bioactive Molecules as Neuromedicines for the Treatment/Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3667-3683. [PMID: 36743024 PMCID: PMC9893457 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The brain is vulnerable to different types of stresses, particularly oxidative stress as a result of oxygen requirements/utilization in the body. Large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids present in the brain increase this vulnerability. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are brain disorders that are characterized by the gradual loss of specific neurons and are attributed to broad evidence of cell-level oxidative stress. The accurate characterization of neurological disorders relies on several parameters along with genetics and environmental risk factors, making therapies less efficient to fight NDDs. On the way to tackle oxidative damage and discover efficient and safe therapies, bioactives are at the edge of NDD science. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids, essential fatty acids, phytosterols, essential oils, etc. are particularly of interest owing to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and they offer lots of brain-health-promoting features. This Review focuses on probing the neuroefficacy and bioefficacy of bioactives and their role in supporting relatively low antioxidative and low regenerative capacities of the brain, neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and ameliorating/treating NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Babazadeh
- Center
for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty
of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Fereshteh Mohammadi Vahed
- Center
for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty
of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Qi Liu
- Institute
of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical
University of Munich Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- German
Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 D Quakenbrück, Germany
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department
of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 4913815739, Iran
- Nutrition
and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food
Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade
de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural
University, Baoding 071001, China
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11
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Shu L, Huang YQ, Zhang XY, Zheng PF, Zhu Q, Zhou JY. Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet reduces the risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1032654. [PMID: 36698472 PMCID: PMC9868726 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1032654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite increasing evidence for the association of adherence to the Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet with breast cancer risk, the results remain inconclusive. The purpose of the current systematic review was to summarize the evidence from previous observational studies and explore the potential association between DASH diet and breast cancer risk using meta-analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data to identify the relevant publications from inception up to July 2022. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the highest versus the lowest categories of DASH score in relation to breast cancer risk, using a random-effects model. The Cochran's Q test and I-squared (I 2) statistic were used to detect the sources of heterogeneity among the included studies. Results Overall, eleven studies, involving 23,254 breast cancer cases and 449,273 participants, were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Combining 16 effect sizes from 11 studies, a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer was observed (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.90, P < 0.0001). Stratified analysis showed a significant association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer in case-control studies (RR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27-0.89, P = 0.019), and a marginally significant association in prospective cohort studies (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.98, P = 0.014), respectively. Besides, a more significant association between DASH score and reduced risk of breast cancer was observed in Asian countries (RR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31-0.81, P = 0.005) than in the United States (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, P = 0.012). Similarly, when we conducted analyses separately by menopausal status, we found a significant inverse association between DASH diet and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.39-0.87, P = 0.008). Conclusion The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of breast cancer. Further large prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Qian Huang
- Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Fen Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhou
- Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Ying Zhou,
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12
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Ceylan FD, Adrar N, Bolling BW, Capanoglu E. Valorisation of hazelnut by-products: current applications and future potential. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-36. [PMID: 36576098 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2160920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hazelnut is one of the most widely consumed nuts around the world. Considering the nutritional value of hazelnuts, a wide range of hazelnut-based food products are available in the market such as oil, chocolate, confectionery, etc. Nevertheless, the processing of hazelnuts generates a large number of by-products and waste. The most valuable by-products of the hazelnut industry are shell, skin, and meal. These by-products are rich in bioactive compounds, protein, dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, phytosterols, and squalene. The current utilisation of hazelnut by-products is mostly limited to animal feed supplementation of hazelnut meal and skin and use as a low-value heat source for the shells. However, disposing of these by-products or using them as a low-value heat source or animal feed supplementation results in significant waste of a natural resource rich in nutritional components. Consequently, valorising hazelnut by-products as bioactive ingredients in diverse fields such as food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics has stimulated interest among scientists, producers, and consumers. This review provides an overview of current scientific knowledge about the main and most valuable hazelnut by-products and their actual valorisation, with a focus on their chemical composition to inspire new applications of these valuable resources and fully exploit their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Duygu Ceylan
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Turkey
| | - Nabil Adrar
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Turkey
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Turkey
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13
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Saud Gany SL, Tan JK, Chin KY, Hakimi NH, Ab Rani N, Ihsan N, Makpol S. Untargeted muscle tissue metabolites profiling in young, adult, and old rats supplemented with tocotrienol-rich fraction. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1008908. [PMID: 36310588 PMCID: PMC9616602 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1008908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The greatest significant influence on human life span and health is inevitable ageing. One of the distinguishing characteristics of ageing is the gradual decrease of muscle mass and physical function. There has been growing evidence that tocotrienol can guard against age-associated chronic diseases and metabolic disorders. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on muscle metabolomes and metabolic pathways in ageing Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Three months, 9 months, and 21 months old male SD rats were divided into control and treated groups with 10 rats per group. Rats in control and treated groups were given 60 mg/kg body weight/day of palm olein and 60 mg/kg body weight/day of TRF, respectively, via oral gavage for 3 months. Muscle performance was assessed at 0 and 3 months of treatment by measuring muscle strength and function. Our results showed that TRF treatment caused a significant increase in the swimming time of the young rats. Comparison in the control groups showed that metabolites involved in lipid metabolisms such as L-palmitoyl carnitine and decanoyl carnitine were increased in ageing. In contrast, several metabolites, such as 3-phosphoglyceric acid, aspartic acid and aspartyl phenylalanine were decreased. These findings indicated that muscle metabolomes involved in lipid metabolism were upregulated in aged rats. In contrast, the metabolites involved in energy and amino acid metabolism were significantly downregulated. Comparison in the TRF-supplemented groups showed an upregulation of metabolites involved in energy and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites such as N6-methyl adenosine, spermine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, histidine, and N-acetyl neuraminic acid were up-regulated, indicating promotion of amino acid synthesis and muscle regeneration. Energy metabolism was also improved in adult and old rats with TRF supplementation as indicated by the upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glycerol 3-phosphate compared to the control group. In conclusion, the mechanism underlying the changes in skeletal muscle mass and functions in ageing was related to carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism. Tocotrienol supplementation showed beneficial effects in alleviating energy and amino acid synthesis that may promote the regeneration and renewal of skeletal muscle in ageing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Liyana Saud Gany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Haleeda Hakimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Ab Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Suzana Makpol,
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14
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Maschke RW, John GT, Eibl D. Monitoring of Oxygen, pH, CO
2
, and Biomass in Smart Single‐Use Shake Flasks. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger W. Maschke
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences School of Life Sciences and Facility Management Campus Grüental 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Gernot T. John
- PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH Am BioPark 11 95053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Dieter Eibl
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences School of Life Sciences and Facility Management Campus Grüental 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
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15
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Ogawa S, Iuchi K, Tsubomura T, Totani K, Hara S. Stabilizer-free Vitamin E Nanovehicle for Biological Research. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1531-1540. [PMID: 36089404 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In molecular biology research, a vitamin E (VE) vehicle (VE dissolved in organic solvent) is often added to water media without a stabilizer. However, the detailed behavior of VE colloids in water media is unclear. In this study, we reveal that VE nanoemulsion readily forms in water-based media through the existing protocol. The colloid size was changed from 39 nm to the submicron scale by adjusting the initial concentration of the VE solution and adding a buffer. The radical scavenging effect of the dispersed nanosized VEs is comparable to that of the water-soluble antioxidant Trolox, providing excellent antioxidant performance in colloid form. The cytoprotection effect of the VE colloids under a lipid oxidation condition largely depends on the size of the nanodispersion. Smaller dispersed particles are more efficient radical scavengers than larger particles for a constant VE amount owing to sophisticated uptake behavior of cell. This unveiled fundamental knowledge pave the way for a preparative protocol of stabilizer-free VE vehicles, which are expected to become widely used in molecular biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigesaburo Ogawa
- Department of Food, Aroma and Cosmetic Chemistry, Faculty of Bio-industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Katsuya Iuchi
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center
| | - Taro Tsubomura
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University
| | - Setsuko Hara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University
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16
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Khalid W, Arshad MS, Ranjha MMAN, Różańska MB, Irfan S, Shafique B, Rahim MA, Khalid MZ, Abdi G, Kowalczewski PŁ. Functional constituents of plant-based foods boost immunity against acute and chronic disorders. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:1075-1093. [PMID: 36133422 PMCID: PMC9462539 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based foods are becoming an increasingly frequent topic of discussion, both scientific and social, due to the dissemination of information and exchange of experiences in the media. Plant-based diets are considered beneficial for human health due to the supply of many valuable nutrients, including health-promoting compounds. Replacing meat-based foods with plant-based products will provide many valuable compounds, including antioxidants, phenolic compounds, fibers, vitamins, minerals, and some ω3 fatty acids. Due to their high nutritional and functional composition, plant-based foods are beneficial in acute and chronic diseases. This article attempts to review the literature to present the most important data on nutrients of plant-based foods that can then help in the prevention of many diseases, such as different infections, such as coronavirus disease, pneumonia, common cold and flu, asthma, and bacterial diseases, such as bronchitis. A properly structured plant-based diet not only provides the necessary nutrients but also can help in the prevention of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Maria Barbara Różańska
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shafeeqa Irfan
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Bakhtawar Shafique
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Gholamreza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
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17
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Gawrysiak‐Witulska M, Siger A, Grygier A, Rusinek R, Gancarz M. Effects of Drying Conditions on the Content of Biologically Active Compounds in Winter Camelina Sativa Seeds. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Gawrysiak‐Witulska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 28 Poznań Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 28 Poznań 60‐637 Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Department of Technology of Food of Plant Origin Poznań University of Life Sciences ul. Wojska Polskiego 31 Poznań 60‐624 Poland
| | - Robert Rusinek
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences Doświadczalna 4 Lublin 20–290 Poland
| | - Marek Gancarz
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences Doświadczalna 4 Lublin 20–290 Poland
- Faculty of Production and Power Engineering University of Agriculture in Kraków Balicka 116B Kraków 30‐149 Poland
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18
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Fu YX, Liu SY, Guo WY, Dong J, Nan JX, Lin HY, Mei LC, Yang WC, Yang GF. In vivo diagnostics of abiotic plant stress responses via in situ real-time fluorescence imaging. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:196-201. [PMID: 35670737 PMCID: PMC9434263 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-targeted fluorescent biosensor enables the early diagnostics of abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Long-Can Mei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
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19
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Rakha SI, Elmetwally MA, El-Sheikh Ali H, Balboula A, Mahmoud AM, Zaabel SM. Importance of Antioxidant Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation of Mammalian Oocytes. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080439. [PMID: 36006354 PMCID: PMC9415395 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro embryo production (IVEP) technique is widely used in the field of reproductive biology. In vitro maturation (IVM) is the first and most critical step of IVEP, during which, the oocyte is matured in an artificial maturation medium under strict laboratory conditions. Despite all of the progress in the field of IVEP, the quality of in vitro matured oocytes remains inferior to that of those matured in vivo. The accumulation of substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within oocytes during IVM has been regarded as one of the main factors altering oocyte quality. One of the most promising approaches to overcome ROS accumulation within oocytes is the supplementation of oocyte IVM medium with antioxidants. In this article, we discuss recent advancements depicting the adverse effects of ROS on mammalian oocytes. We also discuss the potential use of antioxidants and their effect on both oocyte quality and IVM rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa I. Rakha
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Elmetwally
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hossam El-Sheikh Ali
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Balboula
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Animal Sciences Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Abdelmonem Montaser Mahmoud
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Samy M. Zaabel
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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20
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Oluwole DO, Coleman L, Buchanan W, Chen T, La Ragione RM, Liu LX. Antibiotics-Free Compounds for Chronic Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051021. [PMID: 35631606 PMCID: PMC9143489 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid rise in the health burden associated with chronic wounds is of great concern to policymakers, academia, and industry. This could be attributed to the devastating implications of this condition, and specifically, chronic wounds which have been linked to invasive microbial infections affecting patients' quality of life. Unfortunately, antibiotics are not always helpful due to their poor penetration of bacterial biofilms and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore antibiotics-free compounds/formulations with proven or potential antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing efficacy. The mechanism of antibiotics-free compounds is thought to include the disruption of the bacteria cell structure, preventing cell division, membrane porins, motility, and the formation of a biofilm. Furthermore, some of these compounds foster tissue regeneration by modulating growth factor expression. In this review article, the focus is placed on a number of non-antibiotic compounds possessing some of the aforementioned pharmacological and physiological activities. Specific interest is given to Aloevera, curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, polyhexanide, retinoids, ascorbate, tocochromanols, and chitosan. These compounds (when alone or in formulation with other biologically active molecules) could be a dependable alternative in the management or prevention of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O. Oluwole
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (L.C.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: (D.O.O.); (L.X.L.)
| | - Lucy Coleman
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (L.C.); (T.C.)
| | | | - Tao Chen
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (L.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Roberto M. La Ragione
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
| | - Lian X. Liu
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (L.C.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: (D.O.O.); (L.X.L.)
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21
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Zhang H, Shi Y, Sun M, Hu X, Hao M, Shu Y, Zhou XR, Hu Q, Li C, Mei D. Functional Differentiation of BnVTE4 Gene Homologous Copies in α-Tocopherol Biosynthesis Revealed by CRISPR/Cas9 Editing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:850924. [PMID: 35481148 PMCID: PMC9037293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.850924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tocopherols are essential nutrients for human health known as vitamin E. Vitamin E deficiency can have a profound effect on human health, including the central nervous system and cardiovascular and immune protection. Multiple enzymatic steps are involved in the conversion between different forms of tocopherols. Among them, γ-tocopherol methyltransferase encoded by gene VTE4 catalyzes the conversion of γ- to α-tocopherol or δ- to β-tocopherol isoforms. However, the gene copies and their functional contribution of VTE4 homologs in Brassica napus were not elucidated. To this end, different mutation combinations of four putative BnVTE4 homologous copies were generated by using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. Editing of those BnVTE4 homologs led to a significant change of the α-tocopherol content and the ratio between α- and γ-tocopherol compared with wide-type control. Analysis of the different combinations of BnVTE4-edited homologs revealed that the contribution of the BnVTE4 individual gene displayed obvious functional differentiation in α-tocopherol biosynthesis. Their contribution could be in order of VTE4.C02-2 (BnaC02G0331100ZS) > VTE4.A02-1 (BnaA02G0247300ZS) > VTE4.A02-2 (BnaA02G0154300ZS). Moreover, the VTE4.A02-1 and VTE4.A02-2 copies might have severe functional redundancies in α-tocopherol biosynthesis. Overall, this study systemically studied the different effects of BnVTE4 homologs, which provided a theoretical basis for breeding high α-tocopherol content oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqin Shi
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengdan Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhi Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyu Hao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Shu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Rong Zhou
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Qiong Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Desheng Mei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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22
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Hilliard R, Haines G, Lillich J. Post‐partum paralysis following dystocia in a miniature horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Hilliard
- Pilchuck Equine Hospital Snohomish Washington USA
| | - G. Haines
- Pilchuck Equine Hospital Snohomish Washington USA
| | - J. Lillich
- Pilchuck Equine Hospital Snohomish Washington USA
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23
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Elshikh MS, Ajmal Ali M, Al-Hemaid F, Yong Kim S, Elangbam M, Bahadur Gurung A, Mukherjee P, El-Zaidy M, Lee J. Insights into plastome of Fagonia indica Burm.f. (Zygophyllaceae) : organization, annotation and phylogeny. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1313-1321. [PMID: 35280582 PMCID: PMC8913386 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced understanding of chloroplast genomics would facilitate various biotechnology applications; however, the chloroplast (cp) genome / plastome characteristics of plants like Fagonia indica Burm.f. (family Zygophyllaceae), which have the capability to grow in extremely hot sand desert, have been rarely understood. The de novo genome sequence of F. indica using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology determined 128,379 bp long cp genome, encode 115 unique coding genes. The present study added the evidence of the loss of a copy of the IR in the cp genome of the taxa capable to grow in the hot sand desert. The maximum likelihood analysis revealed two distinct sub-clades i.e. Krameriaceae and Zygophyllaceae of the order Zygophyllales, nested within fabids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soo Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Meena Elangbam
- Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies in Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur 795 003, India
| | - Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Prasanjit Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Kumar Kalidas Memorial College, Pakur-816107, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mohamed El-Zaidy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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24
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Wang H, Yan W, Sun Y, Yang CS. δ-Tocotrienol is the most potent vitamin E form in inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth and inhibits prostate carcinogenesis in Ptenp-/- mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:233-245. [PMID: 35144931 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E compounds, consisting of α, β, γ, and δ forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols, display different cancer preventive activities in experimental models. Tocotrienols may have higher potential for clinical use due to their lower effective doses in laboratory studies. However, most studies on tocotrienols have been carried out using cancer cell lines. Strong data from animal studies may encourage the use of tocotrienols for human cancer prevention research. To examine the cancer inhibitory activity of different vitamin E forms, we first investigated their inhibitory activities of different vitamin E forms in prostate cancer cell lines. We found that δ-tocotrienol (δT3) was the most effective form in inhibiting cell growth at equivalent doses. Because of this in vitro potency, δT3 was further studied using prostate specific Pten-/- (Ptenp-/-) mice. We found that 0.05% δT3 in diet reduced prostate adenocarcinoma multiplicity by 32.7%, featuring increased apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation. The inhibitory effect of 0.05% δT3 in diet was similar to that of 0.2% δ-tocopherol (δT) in diet reported previously. Our further study on the δT3-induced transcriptome changes indicated that δT3 inhibited genes in blood vessel development in the prostate of Ptenp-/- mice, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Together, our results demonstrate that δT3 effectively inhibits the development of prostate adenocarcinoma in Ptenp-/- mice, which involves inhibition of proliferation and angiogenesis and promotion of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - William Yan
- Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Yuhai Sun
- Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Chung S Yang
- Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
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Alternative Methods of Bioactive Compounds and Oils Extraction from Berry Fruit By-Products—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Berry fruit by-products are a source of polyphenol compounds and highly nutritious oils and can be reused to fulfill the requirements of the circular economy model. One of the methods of obtaining polyphenol-rich extracts or oils is extraction. Applying conventional solvent extraction techniques may be insufficient to reach high polyphenol or lipid fraction yields and selectivity of specific compounds. Alternative extraction methods, mainly ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, are ways to improve the efficiency of the isolation of bioactive compounds or oils from berry fruit by-products. Additionally, non-conventional techniques are considered as green extraction methods, as they consume less energy, solvent volume and time. The aim of this review is to summarize the studies on alternative extraction methods and their relationship to the composition of extracts or oils obtained from berry waste products.
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Pigment-Related Mutations Greatly Affect Berry Metabolome in San Marzano Tomatoes. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study describes the alterations in metabolomic profiles of four tomato fruit mutations introgressed into Solanum lycopersicum cv. San Marzano, a well-known Italian traditional variety. Three lines carrying variants affecting the content of all pigments, high pigment-1 (hp-1), hp-2, pigment diluter (pd), and a combination of Anthocyanin fruit and atroviolaceum (Aft_atv), were selected, and characterized. Biochemical analysis of 44 non-polar, 133 polar, and 65 volatile metabolites in ripe fruits revealed a wide range of differences between the variant lines and the recurrent parent San Marzano. Among non-polar compounds, many carotenoids, plastoquinones, and tocopherols increased in the fruit of high pigment lines, as well as in Aft_atv, whose β-carotene levels increased too. Interestingly, pd displayed enriched levels of xanthophylls (all-trans-neoxanthin and luteoxanthin) but, simultaneously, decreased levels of α-and β-/γ-tocopherols. Looking at the metabolites in the polar fraction, a significant decrease in sugar profile was observed in hp-1, pd, and Aft_atv. Conversely, many vitamins and organic acids increased in the hp-2 and Aft_atv lines, respectively. Overall, phenylpropanoids was the metabolic group with the highest extent of polar changes, with considerable increases of many compounds mainly in the case of Aft_atv, followed by the pd and hp-2 lines. Finally, several flavor-related compounds were found to be modified in all mutants, mostly due to increased levels in many benzenoid, lipid, and phenylalanine derivative volatiles, which are associated with sweeter taste and better aroma. Construction of metabolic maps, interaction networks, and correlation matrices gave an integrated representation of the large effect of single variants on the tomato fruit metabolome. In conclusion, the identified differences in the mutated lines might contribute to generating novel phenotypes in the traditional San Marzano type, with increased desirable nutraceutical and organoleptic properties.
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Ghosh S, Zhang S, Azam M, Gebregziabher BS, Abdelghany AM, Shaibu AS, Qi J, Feng Y, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Liu Y, Feng H, Li Y, Li J, Li B, Sun J. Natural Variation of Seed Tocopherol Composition in Diverse World Soybean Accessions from Maturity Group 0 to VI Grown in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:206. [PMID: 35050094 PMCID: PMC8779575 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that increase the stability of fat-containing foods and are well known for their health benefits. To investigate the variation in seed tocopherol composition of soybeans from different origins, 493 soybean accessions from different countries (China, USA, Japan, and Russia) belonging to 7 maturity groups (MG 0-VI) were grown in 2 locations (Beijing and Hainan Provinces of China) for 2 years (2017 and 2018). The results showed that significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed among the accessions and origins for individual and total tocopherol contents. The total tocopherol content ranged from 118.92 μg g-1 to 344.02 μg g-1. Accessions from the USA had the highest average concentration of γ- and total tocopherols (152.92 and 238.21 μg g-1, respectively), whereas a higher level of α-tocopherol (12.82 μg g-1) was observed in the Russian accessions. The maturity group of the accession significantly (p < 0.001) influenced all tocopherol components, and higher levels of α-, γ-, and total tocopherols were observed in early maturing accessions, while late-maturing accessions exhibited higher levels of δ-tocopherol. The inclination of tocopherol concentrations with various MGs provided further evidence of the significance of MG in soybean breeding for seed tocopherol components. Furthermore, the correlation between the seed tocopherol components and geographical factors revealed that α-, γ-, and total tocopherols had significant positive correlations with latitude, while δ-tocopherol showed an opposite trend. The elite accessions with high and stable tocopherol concentrations determined could be used to develop functional foods, industrial materials, and breeding lines to improve tocopherol composition in soybean seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprio Ghosh
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Muhammad Azam
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Berhane S. Gebregziabher
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Crop Sciences Research Department, Mehoni Agricultural Research Center, Maichew 7020, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelghany
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Abdulwahab S. Shaibu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano 700001, Nigeria
| | - Jie Qi
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yue Feng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Kwadwo Gyapong Agyenim-Boateng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yitian Liu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Huoyi Feng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yecheng Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junming Sun
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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Shen CL, Mo H, Dunn DM, Watkins BA. Tocotrienol Supplementation Led to Higher Serum Levels of Lysophospholipids but Lower Acylcarnitines in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 8:766711. [PMID: 35004805 PMCID: PMC8740329 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.766711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health problem in postmenopausal women. Herein we evaluated the effects of 12-week tocotrienols (TT) supplementation on serum metabolites in postmenopausal, osteopenic women. Eighty-nine participants (59.7 ± 6.8 yr, BMI 28.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2) were assigned to 3 treatments: placebo (860 mg olive oil/day), 300mg TT (300 mg TT/day), and 600mg TT (600 mg TT/day) for 12 weeks. TT consisted of 90% δ-TT and 10% γ-TT. In this metabolomic study, we evaluated the placebo and 600mgTT at baseline and 12 weeks. As expected, TT and its metabolite levels were higher in the supplemented group after 12 weeks. At baseline, there were no differences in demographic parameters or comprehensive metabolic panels (CMP). Metabolomics analysis of serum samples revealed that 48 biochemicals were higher and 65 were lower in the 600mg TT group at 12 weeks, compared to baseline. The results confirmed higher serum levels of tocotrienols and lysophospholipids, but lower acylcarnitines and catabolites of tryptophan and steroids in subjects given 600mg TT. In summary, 12-week TT supplementation altered many serum metabolite levels in postmenopausal women. The present study supports our previous findings that TT supplementation helps reduce bone loss in postmenopausal osteopenic women by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the body incorporates TT which restructures biomembranes and modifies phospholipid metabolism, a response potentially linked to reduced inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.,Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Huanbiao Mo
- Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dale M Dunn
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Bruce A Watkins
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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29
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Prakasham AP, Ta S, Dey S, Ghosh P. One pot tandem dual CC and CO bond reductions in the β-alkylation of secondary alcohols with primary alcohols by ruthenium complexes of amido and picolyl functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15640-15654. [PMID: 34673856 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two different classes of ruthenium complexes, namely, [1-mesityl-3-(2,6-Me2-phenylacetamido)-imidazol-2-ylidene]Ru(p-cymene)Cl (1c) and {[1-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-3-(2,6-Me2-phenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene]Ru(p-cymene)Cl}Cl (2c), successfully catalyzed the one-pot tandem alcohol-alcohol coupling reactions of a variety of secondary and primary alcohols, in moderate to good yields of ca. 63-89%. The mechanistic investigation performed on two representative catalytic substrates, 1-phenylethanol and benzyl alcohol using the neutral ruthenium (1c) complex showed that the catalysis proceeded via a partially reduced CC hydrogenated carbonyl species, [PhCOCH2CH2Ph] (3'), to the fully reduced CO and CC hydrogenated secondary alcohol, [PhCH(OH)CH2CH2Ph] (3). Furthermore, the time dependent study showed that the major product of the catalysis modulated between (3') and (3) during the catalysis run performed over an extended period of 120 hours. Finally, the practical utility of the alcohol-alcohol coupling reaction was demonstrated by preparing five different flavan derivatives (13-17) related to various bioactive flavonoid natural products, in a one-pot tandem fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Prakasham
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Ta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Shreyata Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
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30
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Wei XY, Collings DA, McCurdy DW. Review: More than sweet: New insights into the biology of phloem parenchyma transfer cells in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 310:110990. [PMID: 34315604 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transfer cells (TCs) develop extensive wall ingrowths to facilitate enhanced rates of membrane transport. In Arabidopsis, TCs trans-differentiate from phloem parenchyma (PP) cells abutting the sieve element/companion cell complex in minor veins of foliar tissues and, based on anatomy and expression of SWEET sucrose uniporters, are assumed to play pivotal roles in phloem loading. While wall ingrowth deposition in PP TCs is a dynamic process responding to abiotic stresses such as high light and cold, the transcriptional control of PP TC development, including deposition of the wall ingrowths themselves, is not understood. PP TC development is a trait of vegetative phase change, potentially linking wall ingrowth deposition with floral induction. Transcript profiling by RNA-seq identified NAC056 and NAC018 (NARS1 and NARS2) as putative regulators of wall ingrowth deposition, while recent single cell RNA-seq analysis of leaf vasculature identified PP-specific expression of NAC056. Numerous membrane transporters, particularly of the UmamiT family of amino acid efflux carriers, were also identified. Collectively, these findings, and the recent discovery that wall ingrowth deposition is regulated by sucrose-dependent loading activity of these cells, provide new insights into the biology of PP TCs and their importance to phloem loading in Arabidopsis, establishing these cells as a key transport hub for phloem loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Wei
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callahan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - David A Collings
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callahan, NSW, 2308, Australia; School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia; Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - David W McCurdy
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callahan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Trujillo M, Kharbanda A, Corley C, Simmons P, Allen AR. Tocotrienols as an Anti-Breast Cancer Agent. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1383. [PMID: 34573015 PMCID: PMC8472290 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, breast cancer has become the most prevalent type of cancer. The majority of patients receive combinatorial chemotherapy treatments, which may result in increased risk of developing drug resistance, a reduced quality of life, and substantial side effects. Treatment modalities that could lessen the physical toll of standard treatments or act in synergy with chemotherapeutic treatments would benefit women worldwide. Research into tocotrienols has thus far demonstrated their potential to be such an agent, with tocotrienols surpassing the pharmacological potential of tocopherols. Further research using in vitro and preclinical breast cancer models to support clinical trials is needed. This review uses bibliometric analysis to highlight this gap in research and summarizes the current and future landscape of tocotrienols as an anti-breast cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Trujillo
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Anupreet Kharbanda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Christa Corley
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Pilar Simmons
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Antiño R Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Zhao Y, Li J, Huang S, Li H, Liu Y, Gu Q, Guo X, Hu Y. Tocochromanols and Chlorophylls Accumulation in Young Pomelo ( Citrus maxima) during Early Fruit Development. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092022. [PMID: 34574131 PMCID: PMC8465361 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomelo is an important cultivar of the genus Citrus that contains a variety of beneficial nutrients, and its young fruit is an agricultural by-product that is currently not fully utilized because it is often thrown away during cultivation and management. In this study, the dynamics of tocochromanol during young pomelo development were investigated by measuring chlorophyll content, tocochromanol accumulation, and expression levels of related genes during early fruit development. The results showed that chlorophyll content decreased overall during these four developmental stages and had some synergism with tocochromanol. Four tocochromanol components were detected in pomelo of both genotypes, and α-tocopherol was the main component. The tocochromanol content of honey pomelo was highest in the first period, reaching 70 ± 5 μg/g in dry weight (DW), and golden pomelo peaked in the second period at 86.10 ± 0.18 μg/g DW, with an overall decreasing trend in both genotypes. The different gene expression patterns of the tocochromanol biosynthesis pathway could partially explain the changes in these components and further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of tocochromanol accumulation during early fruit development. As a natural product, young pomelo fruit is an attractive source of tocochromanol and has potential application in industrial production. The results of this study may provide directions for the high additional value utilization of young pomelo fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Junhao Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, National S&T Innovation Center for Modern Agricultural Industry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (S.H.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Huayong Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, National S&T Innovation Center for Modern Agricultural Industry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (S.H.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yutao Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, National S&T Innovation Center for Modern Agricultural Industry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (S.H.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qiuming Gu
- Guangdong Lijinyou Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514743, China;
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, National S&T Innovation Center for Modern Agricultural Industry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (S.H.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (Y.H.)
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Abstract
Although most patients recover from acute COVID-19, some experience postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (PASC). One subgroup of PASC is a syndrome called "long COVID-19," reminiscent of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). ME/CFS is a debilitating condition, often triggered by viral and bacterial infections, leading to years-long debilitating symptoms including profound fatigue, postexertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, cognitive deficits, and orthostatic intolerance. Some are skeptical that either ME/CFS or long COVID-19 involves underlying biological abnormalities. However, in this review, we summarize the evidence that people with acute COVID-19 and with ME/CFS have biological abnormalities including redox imbalance, systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, an impaired ability to generate adenosine triphosphate, and a general hypometabolic state. These phenomena have not yet been well studied in people with long COVID-19, and each of them has been reported in other diseases as well, particularly neurological diseases. We also examine the bidirectional relationship between redox imbalance, inflammation, energy metabolic deficits, and a hypometabolic state. We speculate as to what may be causing these abnormalities. Thus, understanding the molecular underpinnings of both PASC and ME/CFS may lead to the development of novel therapeutics.
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A Fast and Efficient Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Tocopherols in Cow Milk Followed by HPLC Determination. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154645. [PMID: 34361798 PMCID: PMC8348633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast HPLC method with fluorescence detector (FD) was developed for the determination of three tocopherols (TOCs) in milk samples from Modicana cattle breed. The ultrasound-assisted procedure was optimized for the extraction of TOCs prior to HPLC/FD analysis, reducing sample preparation time and allowing a fast quantification of α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and γ tocopherol. The optimized ultrasonic extraction combines an efficient and simple saponification at room temperature and a rapid HPLC quantification of TOCs in milk. The precision of the full analytical procedure was satisfactory and the recoveries at three spiked levels were between 95.3% and 87.8%. The linear correlations were evaluated (R2 > 0.99) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values for intra-day and inter-day tests at three spiked levels were below 1% for the retention time and below 5.20% for the area at low level spiking. The proposed procedure, reducing the experimental complexity, allowed accurate extraction and detection of three TOCs in milk samples from Modicana cattle breed.
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Ghosh S, Zhang S, Azam M, Qi J, Abdelghany AM, Shaibu AS, Gebregziabher BS, Feng Y, Huai Y, Htway HTP, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Liu Y, Feng H, Li J, Song W, Li B, Sun J. Seed tocopherol assessment and geographical distribution of 1151 Chinese soybean accessions from diverse ecoregions. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Behera S, Bera N, Sarkar D. Organo‐Acid Catalysed Synthesis of 2,2‐Disubstituted Chromans and 1,1‐Disubstituted Indanols/ Indenols. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Behera
- Organic synthesis and Molecular Engineering Lab National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India- 769008
| | - Nabakumar Bera
- Organic synthesis and Molecular Engineering Lab National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India- 769008
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Organic synthesis and Molecular Engineering Lab National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha India- 769008
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Ye D, Shen L, Sun Y, Zhang D, Tan X, Jing P, Zhang M, Tian Q. Formulation and evaluation of a α-linolenic acid and vitamin E succinate microemulsion with low surfactant content and free of co-surfactant for use as a nutritional supplement. Food Chem 2021; 364:130433. [PMID: 34186478 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we have designed an alcohol-free and low-surfactant microemulsion to safely and effectively supply α-linolenic acid (ALA) and vitamin E (VE). Ternary phase diagrams show that the use of medium- or short-chain alcohols as the co-surfactant (CoS) was unfavorable for the formation of the ALA microemulsion due to the competitive hydrogen bonding effect and vitamin E succinate (VES) significantly increased the ALA microemulsion region by improving the hydrophilicity of the oil phase. The optimal microemulsion formulation (Mav) was 6.86% ALA, 1.14% VES, 12% surfactant and 80% water, with uniformly dispersed spherical particles with diameters of ~ 25.41 nm and viscosity of 35.17 mPa·s. The Mav was stable to high temperature, ionic strength and pH, and exhibited good physical and anti-oxidation stability. The Mav facilitated the release and hydrolysis of VES, indicating that the CoS-free microemulsion with low surfactant content is promising for the safe and effective supply of ALA and VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Liyan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Panpan Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Qingping Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China.
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Abstract
Vitamin E is easily oxidized by light, air, oxidizing agents and heat, limiting its application in many ways. Compared to vitamin E, vitamin E ester derivatives exhibit improved stability and a stronger antioxidant capacity, and even gain new biological functions. In recent years, enzymatic synthesis of vitamin E ester derivatives has received increasing attention due to its environmental friendliness, high catalytic efficiency, and inherent selectivity. This paper reviews the related progress of lipase-mediated preparation of vitamin E ester derivatives. The function of different vitamin E ester derivatives, and the main factors influencing the enzymatic acylation process, including enzyme species, acyl donor and acceptor, reaction media and water activity, are summarized in this paper. Finally, the perspective of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of vitamin E ester derivatives is also discussed.
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Szewczyk K, Chojnacka A, Górnicka M. Tocopherols and Tocotrienols-Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6222. [PMID: 34207571 PMCID: PMC8227182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers' interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Szewczyk
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Chojnacka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górnicka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Czubinski J, Grygier A, Siger A. Lupinus mutabilis seed composition and its comparison with other lupin species. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hafez SMNA, Elbassuoni E, Abdelzaher WY, Welson NN, Batiha GES, Alzahrani KJ, Abdelbaky FAF. Efficacy of vitamin E in protection against methotrexate induced placental injury in albino rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111637. [PMID: 33965732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MXT) is a chemotherapeutic drug that has been used in a wide range of clinical practices. Unfortunately, the administration of MXT during pregnancy may induce abortion, fetal deformities, and intrauterine growth retardation. Vitamin E is an antioxidant agent that can ameliorate free radical damage. The current work aimed to shed more light on the possible protective effect of vitamin E against MXT induced placental toxicity and to determine the possible mechanisms; biochemically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. Four groups were used: control pregnant, Vitamin E (VIT E) pregnant, Methotrexate (MXT) pregnant, and Vitamin E Methotrexate (VIT E-MXT) pregnant. The placental tissues were processed for light, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic study. Other samples were obtained for biochemical study; the placental oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated. The results showed that MXT caused various placental morphological changes in the form of distorted chorionic projection with an accumulation of hemosiderin granules in the trophoblastic cells. Maternal blood vessels showed a homogenous acidophilic material Edema of the extra-embryonic fetal membranes was noticed. A significant decreased in placental weight as well as increase in the oxidative and inflammatory markers were detected. Increased COX2 and decreased eNOS expressions were observed in the MXT group if compared to the control group. VIT E significantly restored the normal histological and immunohistochemical appearance, placental weight, and oxidant/antioxidant balance. It could be concluded the biochemical, morphological, and morphometric findings suggested that vitamin E coadministration is promising in attenuating the placental toxic effect of methotrexate. In this study, VIT E decreased the inflammatory and oxidative stress effect of methotrexate on the placental tissue by enhancing the level of eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman Elbassuoni
- Physiology Department, Minia University, Faculty of Medicine, Minia, Egypt.
| | | | - Nermeen N Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt.
| | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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Ma X, Guo Y, Li P, Xu J, Gao Y, Ren X, Van Halm-Lutterodt N, Yuan L. Association between ApoE status, circulating vitamin A and vitamin E levels with dyslipidemia in aging Chinese adults. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:703-712. [PMID: 33958215 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of ApoE or lipid-soluble vitamins on lipid profile has been well documented. However, the association between ApoE status, vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) with dyslipidemia has been seldom reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of ApoE status on circulating VA and VE in aging adults with dyslipidemia. METHODS A total of 1754 Chinese aged 55-75 was recruited from community health centers. They were interviewed to obtain demographic information. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate daily food intakes of the participants. Fasting venous blood samples were taken and used for serum lipid profile measurement and ApoE genotyping. Serum VA and VE concentrations were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Serum VE and VA concentrations were circulating lipids and ApoE status dependent. Dyslipidemia subjects showed higher serum TC, TG, HDL-c/LDL-c ratio, VE and lipid-adjusted VE levels than normal subjects. ApoE genotype-dependent differences in serum lipid profile, VE and VA levels were observed in both normal and dyslipidemia subjects. The relationship between circulating VA with dyslipidemia is modifiable by lipid status. CONCLUSION Higher serum VE and lipid adjusted VE levels associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia in aging Chinese adults, especially in ApoE4 carriers. Large scale longitudinal study is required to determine the optimal circulating VE levels in the elderly based on different lipid profiles and ApoE status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Ren
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Nicholas Van Halm-Lutterodt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Keck Medical Center, Los Angeles, 90033, USA
| | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Khlifi A, Pecio Ł, Lobo JC, Melo D, Ben Ayache S, Flamini G, Oliveira MBPP, Oleszek W, Achour L. Leaves of Cleome amblyocarpa Barr. And Murb. And Cleome arabica L.: Assessment of nutritional composition and chemical profile (LC-ESI-MS/MS), anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of their extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113739. [PMID: 33359854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Cleomaceae family is known for its richness in secondary metabolites and different Cleome species are used in folk medicine. Cleome amblyocarpa and Cleome arabica are medicinal herbs used in Tunisia and other North Africa countries to treat various diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, colic, pain and digestive disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, few data are available about the nutritional value, phytochemical components and biological effects of C. arabica and C. amblyocarpa cultivated in Tunisia. For this reason, the present survey aimed to determine the nutritional value, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of the leaves of these two species of Cleome. MATERIALS AND METHODS To characterize and determine the bioactive compounds in both extracts of leaves of Cleome species, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used. The various nutritional parameters were analyzed, in particular the amounts of protein, carbohydrates, ash, fiber, and total lipids. Vitamin E and fatty acid profiles were also evaluated by HPLC-DAD-FLD and GC-FID, respectively. The acute toxic effects of leaf extracts in mice at concentrations of 100, 500 and 800 mg/kg body weight have been investigated. The anti-inflammatory effect of leaves extracts was examined by means of the in vitro and in vivo models. The in vivo anti-inflammatory test was assessed by means of the carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. For the in vitro anti-inflammatory assay, the red blood cells membrane stabilization and protein denaturation methods were employed. The analgesic effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves was also assessed by acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. RESULTS The phytochemical composition and the nutritional values of the leaves of C. amblyocarpa and C. arabica were determined. Our results revealed that the leaves of C. amblyocarpa are rich in flavonoids and glucosinolates. On the other hand, these latter metabolites are not present in the C. arabica extract and the leaves are characterized by the presence of flavones, methoxyflavones and their glycosides. Our findings revealed that the leaves of the two species contain a potential quantity of vitamins; proteins, carbohydrates and dietary fiber, and their hydroalcoholic extracts indicated substantial anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in all the tests. Additionally, the data from the acute toxicity test proved that the leaf extracts did not cause any mortality or signs of toxicity in animals at doses up to 800 mg/kg CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this investigation demonstrated that the leaves of C. arabica and C. amblyocarpa are a valuable source of nutrients and active substances. Our observations support the traditional utilize of these two Cleome species for the treatment of painful diseases and as a source of natural anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Khlifi
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Łukasz Pecio
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Puławy, Poland
| | - Joana C Lobo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Melo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Siwar Ben Ayache
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Wiesław Oleszek
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Puławy, Poland
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Influence of germ storage from different corn genotypes on technological properties and fatty acid, tocopherol, and carotenoid profiles of oil. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nowicka B, Trela-Makowej A, Latowski D, Strzalka K, Szymańska R. Antioxidant and Signaling Role of Plastid-Derived Isoprenoid Quinones and Chromanols. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2950. [PMID: 33799456 PMCID: PMC7999835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant prenyllipids, especially isoprenoid chromanols and quinols, are very efficient low-molecular-weight lipophilic antioxidants, protecting membranes and storage lipids from reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are byproducts of aerobic metabolism that can damage cell components, they are also known to play a role in signaling. Plants are particularly prone to oxidative damage because oxygenic photosynthesis results in O2 formation in their green tissues. In addition, the photosynthetic electron transfer chain is an important source of ROS. Therefore, chloroplasts are the main site of ROS generation in plant cells during the light reactions of photosynthesis, and plastidic antioxidants are crucial to prevent oxidative stress, which occurs when plants are exposed to various types of stress factors, both biotic and abiotic. The increase in antioxidant content during stress acclimation is a common phenomenon. In the present review, we describe the mechanisms of ROS (singlet oxygen, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical) production in chloroplasts in general and during exposure to abiotic stress factors, such as high light, low temperature, drought and salinity. We highlight the dual role of their presence: negative (i.e., lipid peroxidation, pigment and protein oxidation) and positive (i.e., contribution in redox-based physiological processes). Then we provide a summary of current knowledge concerning plastidic prenyllipid antioxidants belonging to isoprenoid chromanols and quinols, as well as their structure, occurrence, biosynthesis and function both in ROS detoxification and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.N.); (D.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Trela-Makowej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 19, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Latowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.N.); (D.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazimierz Strzalka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.N.); (D.L.); (K.S.)
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Renata Szymańska
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 19, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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α-Tocopherol Acetate Attenuates Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Maintains Primitive Cells within Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Population. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1390-1405. [PMID: 33511517 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We present here the data showing, in standard cultures exposed to atmospheric O2 concentration, that alpha-tocopherol acetate (α-TOA) has a positive impact on primitive cells inside mesenchymal stromal cell (MstroC) population, by maintaining their proliferative capacity. α-TOA decreases the O2 consumption rate of MStroC probably by impacting respiratory chain complex II activity. This action, however, is not associated with a compensatory increase in glycolysis activity, in spite of the fact that the degradation of HIF-1α was decreased in presence of α-TOA. This is in line with a moderate enhancement of mtROS upon α-TOA treatment. However, the absence of glycolysis stimulation implies the inactivity of HIF-1α which might - if it were active - be related to the maintenance of stemness. It should be stressed that α-TOA might act directly on the gene expression as well as the mtROS themselves, which remains to be elucidated. Alpha-tocopherol acetate (α-TOA), a synthetic vitamin E ester, attenuates electron flow through electron transport chain (ETC) which is probably associated with a moderate increase in mtROS in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. α-TOA action results in enhancement of the proliferative capacity and maintenance of the differentiation potential of the mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells.
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Poulos JE, Kalogerinis PT, Milanov V, Kalogerinis CT, Poulos EJ. The Effects of Vitamin E, Silymarin and Carnitine on the Metabolic Abnormalities Associated with Nonalcoholic Liver Disease. J Diet Suppl 2021; 19:287-302. [PMID: 33491528 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1874587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has resulted in an increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, and liver disease. Studies indicate that antioxidant supplementation may improve abnormal liver chemistries, glucose control, and hyperlipidemia, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The primary objective of the study was to determine the normalization of abnormalities in hepatic function testing in patients with NAFLD when treated with vitamin E 200 IU, Silymarin 750 mg, and l-carnitine 1 gram (VSC) for 18 weeks in comparison to a placebo-controlled group. Secondary objectives were to evaluate changes in blood glucose level, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin A1C (HgA1c), and homeostatic models assessment (HOMA) in patients treated with VSC vs placebo. Findings showed that VSC caused a significant reduction in serum glucose, insulin, and HOMA levels. While there were downtrends in the other measured values these were not statistically significant. In this 18-week study, the ability of this supplement in reducing markers of liver inflammation, glucose, insulin, and triglycerides indicate that this supplement could play an important role in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Poulos
- Fayetteville Gastroenterology Associates, Fayetteville, NC, USA.,Cumberland Research Associates, Fayetteville, NC, USA
| | - Peter T Kalogerinis
- Cumberland Research Associates, Fayetteville, NC, USA.,Doctor of Medical Science Program, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | - Valentin Milanov
- Department of Mathematics, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC, USA
| | - Constantine T Kalogerinis
- Cumberland Research Associates, Fayetteville, NC, USA.,High Point University School of Pharmacy, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Emanuel J Poulos
- Cumberland Research Associates, Fayetteville, NC, USA.,Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA
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De la Cruz-Concepción B, Espinoza-Rojo M, Álvarez-Fitz P, Illades-Aguiar B, Acevedo-Quiroz M, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Navarro-Tito N, Jiménez-Wences H, Torres-Rojas FI, Mendoza-Catalán MA. Cytotoxicity of Ficus Crocata Extract on Cervical Cancer Cells and Protective Effect against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Non-Tumor Cells. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010183. [PMID: 33478134 PMCID: PMC7835743 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes several chronic diseases including cancer. Some chemotherapeutic agents are not selective against tumor cells, causing oxidative stress in non-tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of acetone extract of Ficus crocata
(Miq.) Mart. ex Miq. (F. crocata) leaves (Ace-EFc) on cervical cancer cells, as well as its protective effect on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lipoperoxidation and cytotoxicity in non-tumor HaCaT cells. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH and ABTS radicals. Cell viability and lipoperoxidation were determined with MTT and 1-methyl-2-phenylindole assays, respectively. A model of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in HaCaT cells was established. HaCaT cells were exposed to the extract before or after exposure to H2O2, and oxidative damage and cell viability were evaluated. Ace-EFc inhibited the DPPH and ABTS radicals and showed a cytotoxic effect on SiHa and HeLa cells. Furthermore, the extract treatment had a protective effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced lipoperoxidation and cytotoxicity, avoiding the increase in MalonDiAldehyde (MDA) levels and the decrease in cell viability (p < 0.001). These results suggest that the metabolites of F. crocata leaves possess antioxidant and cytoprotective activity against oxidative damage. Thus, they could be useful for protecting cells from conditions that cause oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda De la Cruz-Concepción
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Álvarez-Fitz
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Macdiel Acevedo-Quiroz
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico/IT de Zacatepec, Calzada Tecnológico 27, Centro, Zacatepec 62780, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Ana E. Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Francisco I. Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Miguel A. Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-747-4710901
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49
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Hagely K, Konda AR, Kim JH, Cahoon EB, Bilyeu K. Molecular-assisted breeding for soybean with high oleic/low linolenic acid and elevated vitamin E in the seed oil. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2021; 41:3. [PMID: 37309527 PMCID: PMC10231563 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-020-01184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The uses of vegetable oils are determined by functional properties arising from their chemical composition. Soybean oil was previously used in margarines and baked foods after partial hydrogenation to achieve heat and oxidative stability. This process, however, generates trans fats that are now excluded from food use because of cardiovascular health risks. Also present in soybean oil are the anti-oxidant tocopherols, with α-tocopherol (vitamin E) typically present as a minor component compared to γ-tocopherol. Genetic improvement of the fatty acid profile and tocopherol profile is an attractive solution to increase the functional and health qualities of soybean oil. The objective of this research was to develop resources to directly select with molecular markers for the elevated vitamin E trait in soybean oil and to use a molecular breeding approach to combine elevated vitamin E with the high oleic/low linolenic acid seed oil trait that improves oil functionality and nutrition. New soybean germplasm was developed from the molecular breeding strategy that selected for alleles of six targeted genes. Seed oil from the novel soybean germplasm was confirmed to contain increased vitamin E α-tocopherol along with a high oleic acid/low linolenic acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Hagely
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Anji Reddy Konda
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Jeong-Hwa Kim
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Kristin Bilyeu
- USDA/ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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50
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Manosso LM, Camargo A, Dafre AL, Rodrigues ALS. Vitamin E for the management of major depressive disorder: possible role of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant systems. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1310-1324. [PMID: 33314993 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1853417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin E has various functions in humans, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-atherogenic actions, as well as direct effects on enzymatic activities and modulation of gene transcription. In addition to these functions, vitamin E is also important for the central nervous system, and its role in the prevention and/or treatment of some neurological diseases has been suggested. In particular, the role of vitamin E in the modulation of major depressive disorder (MDD) is an issue that has emerged in recent studies. Many factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of this disorder, including inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress. METHODS This narrative review discusses the involvement of inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the pathophysiology of MDD and presents clinical and preclinical studies that correlate vitamin E with this psychiatric disorder. RESULTS We gathered evidence from clinical studies that demonstrated the relationship between low vitamin E status and MDD symptoms. Vitamin E has been reported to exert a beneficial influence on the oxidative and inflammatory status of individuals, factors that may account for the attenuation of depressive symptoms. Preclinical studies have reinforced the antidepressant-like response of vitamin E, and the mechanisms underlying its effect seem to be related to the modulation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. CONCLUSION We suggest that vitamin E has potential to be used as an adjuvant for the management of MDD, but more studies are clearly needed to ascertain the efficacy of vitamin E for alleviating depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M Manosso
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alcir L Dafre
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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