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Lv Z, Song J, Xiang Y, Chen Z, Lu Z, Zhou Q, Wang K, Dahong HT, Zheng J, Zhang C, Gao S, Qin C, Chang J. Structural characterization and therapeutic effect of Alhagi honey oligosaccharide on liver fibrosis in mice. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105974. [PMID: 38663563 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Alhagi honey is derived from the secretory granules of Alhagi pseudoalhagi Desv., a leguminous plant commonly known as camelthorn. Modern medical research has demonstrated that the extract of Alhagi honey possesses regulatory properties for the gastrointestinal tract and immune system, as well as exerts anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and hepatoprotective effects. The aim of this study was to isolate and purify oligosaccharide monomers (referred to as Mel) from camelthorn and elucidate their structural characteristics. Subsequently, the impact of Mel on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice was investigated. The analysis identified the isolated oligosaccharide monomer (α-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Fruf-(2 → 1)-α-D-Glcp), with the molecular formula C18H32O16. In a mouse model of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, Mel demonstrated significant therapeutic effects by attenuating the development of fibrosis. Moreover, it enhanced anti-oxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) in liver tissues, thereby reducing oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species). Mel also improved serum albumin levels, lowered liver enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), and decreased inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6). Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting analyses confirmed the ability of Mel to downregulate hepatic stellate cell-specific markers (collagen type I alpha 1 chain, alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-beta 1. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed the influence of Mel on metabolic pathways related to glutathione, niacin, pyrimidine, butyric acid, and amino acids. In conclusion, the results of our study highlight the promising potential of Mel, derived from Alhagi honey, as a viable candidate drug for treating liver fibrosis. This discovery offers a potentially advantageous option for individuals seeking natural and effective means to promote liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Lv
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Jianzhong Song
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Zhanghao Chen
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Zinan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Quanqian Zhou
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Kaizhen Wang
- College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Hailiqian Taoer Dahong
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Jiarui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Junmin Chang
- The Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Active Components and Drug Release Technology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China.
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Li ZW, Tang H, Chen XX, Li XX, Xu HH, Chen MH, Ba HJ, Lin Q, Dai JX, Cai JY, Lu C, Chen XD, Han GS, Sun J. Urolithin B Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Modulating Nrf2-regulated Anti-oxidation in Rats. Neuroscience 2024; 538:46-58. [PMID: 38110170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces a wide range of irreversible injuries. Cerebral IR injury (IRI) refers to additional brain tissue damage that occurs after blood flow is restored following cerebral ischemia. Currently, no established methods exist for treating IRI. Oxidative stress is recognized as a primary mechanism initiating IRI and a crucial focal target for its treatment. Urolithin B, a metabolite derived from ellagitannins, antioxidant polyphenols, has demonstrated protective effects against oxidative stress in various disease conditions. However, the precise mechanism underlying UB's effect on IRI remains unclear. In our current investigation, we assessed UB's ability to mitigate neurological functional impairment induced by IR using a neurological deficit score. Additionally, we examined cerebral infarction following UB administration through TTC staining and neuron Nissl staining. UB's inhibition of neuronal apoptosis was demonstrated through the TUNEL assay and Caspase-3 measurement. Additionally, we examined UB's effect on oxidative stress levels by analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and immunohistochemistry analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Notably, UB demonstrated a reduction in oxidative stress levels. Mechanistically, UB was found to stimulate the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, as evidenced by the significant reduction in UB's neuroprotective effects upon administration of ATRA, an Nrf2 inhibitor. In summary, UB effectively inhibits oxidative stress induced by IR through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that UB holds promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Xin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Huan Xu
- Department of Blood Donation Service, Wenzhou Central Blood Station, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mao-Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua-Jun Ba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun-Xia Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian-Dong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China.
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Ohue-Kitano R, Masujima Y, Nishikawa S, Iwasa M, Nishitani Y, Kawakami H, Kuwahara H, Kimura I. 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propionic acid contributes to improved hepatic lipid metabolism via GPR41. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21246. [PMID: 38040866 PMCID: PMC10692101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propionic acid (HMPA) is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota through the conversion of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (HMCA), which is a widely distributed hydroxycinnamic acid-derived metabolite found abundantly in plants. Several beneficial effects of HMPA have been suggested, such as antidiabetic properties, anticancer activities, and cognitive function improvement, in animal models and human studies. However, the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the bioaccessibility and bioavailability profile following HMPA intake and the substantial modulation of metabolic homeostasis by HMPA require further elucidation. In this study, we effectively identified and characterized HMPA-specific GPR41 receptor, with greater affinity than HMCA. The activation of this receptor plays a crucial role in the anti-obesity effects and improvement of hepatic steatosis by stimulating the lipid catabolism pathway. For the improvement of metabolic disorders, our results provide insights into the development of functional foods, including HMPA, and preventive pharmaceuticals targeting GPR41.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Ohue-Kitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yuki Masujima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shota Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masayo Iwasa
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishitani
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-3102, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kawakami
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-3102, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Kuwahara
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-3102, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Tajvar Nasab N, Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Rezaei Farimani A, Soukhtanloo M. Urolithin B inhibits proliferation and migration and promotes apoptosis and necrosis by inducing G2/M arrest and targeting MMP-2/-9 expression in osteosarcoma cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23486. [PMID: 37555500 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent primary bone cancer, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Over the past decades, therapeutic approaches have not considerably improved patients' survival rates, and further research is required to find efficient treatments for OS. Data from several studies have shown that urolithin B (UB), the intestinal metabolite of polyphenolic ellagitannins, is emerging as a new class of anticancer compounds, yet its effect on OS cancer cells remains elusive. Herein, we investigated UB's antimetastatic, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects on the MG-63 OS cell line. Cell viability assay, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, cell cycle arrest analysis, determination of the gene expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, Bax, Bcl-2, and p53 messenger RNA (mRNA), evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and migration, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression assessments were performed. UB caused late apoptosis, necrosis, G2/M arrest, and ROS generation in MG-63 cells. It increased the mRNA expression of the p53 tumor suppressor and Bax proapoptotic genes. UB also inhibited the migration and metastatic behavior of MG-63 OS cells by downregulating mRNA and MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression. In general, although further in vivo investigations are warranted, the current results showed that UB might be utilized as a potential novel natural compound for OS therapy due to its nontoxic, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Tajvar Nasab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Azam Rezaei Farimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zhang M, Tang X, Mao B, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Chen W, Cui S. Inhibition of the NF-κB and mTOR targets by urolithin A attenuates D-galactose-induced aging in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10375-10386. [PMID: 37921630 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03847e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Urolithin A (Uro-A), an intestinal microbiota metabolite of ellagitannin, has anti-aging properties. Through the direct intake of ellagitannin (or ellagic acid) and strains capable of producing Uro-A, the transformation of Uro-A in vivo is a potential method to develop anti-aging preparations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between the colonic infusion of Uro-A and its anti-aging effects. Results indicated that Uro-A exhibited a dose-dependent anti-aging effect in the colon, and the minimum effective dose might be 3.0 mg kg-1 day-1. The main manifestations were that, compared with the model group, 3.0 mg kg-1 day-1 and 15.0 mg kg-1 day-1 of Uro-A can increase forelimb grip strength by 11.87% and 16.72%, respectively, and increase the discrimination index by 92.14% and 238.11%, respectively. Both doses effectively inhibited the D-galactose-induced increase in oxidative stress levels in the body, muscle atrophy, and neuronal apoptosis. Additionally, Uro-A released through the colon could alleviate D-galactose-induced aging in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and mTOR targets, providing significant protection for motor and cognitive functions. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future application and development of ellagitannin (or ellagic acid) in combination with strains capable of producing Uro-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
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Walden KE, Moon JM, Hagele AM, Allen LE, Gaige CJ, Krieger JM, Jäger R, Mumford PW, Pane M, Kerksick CM. A randomized controlled trial to examine the impact of a multi-strain probiotic on self-reported indicators of depression, anxiety, mood, and associated biomarkers. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1219313. [PMID: 37720373 PMCID: PMC10501394 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1219313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the efficacy of supplementing with a multi-strain probiotic (MSP) on changes associated with mood, anxiety, and neurotransmitter levels. Method In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion, 70 healthy men and women (31.0 ± 9.5 years, 173.0 ± 10.4 cm, 73.9 ± 13.8 kg, 24.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2) supplemented with a single capsule of MSP (a total daily dose of 4 × 109 colony forming units [CFU] comprised of a 1 × 109 CFU dose from each of the following strains: Limosilactobacillus fermentum LF16, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LR06, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP01, and Bifidobacterium longum 04, Probiotical S.p.A., Novara, Italy) or a maltodextrin placebo (PLA). After 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of supplementation and 3 weeks after ceasing supplementation, study participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity (LEIDS-R) questionnaires and had plasma concentrations of cortisol, dopamine, serotonin, and C-reactive protein determined. Results BDI, STAI, and total LEIDS-R scores were reduced from baseline (p < 0.05) with MSP supplementation after 4 and 6 weeks of supplementation and 3 weeks after supplementation while no changes (p > 0.05) were reported in PLA. When compared to PLA, MSP scores for state anxiety, trait anxiety, and LEIDS-R (hopeless, aggression, rumination, and total score) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) after supplementation. Plasma serotonin concentrations in MSP were increased from baseline after 6 weeks of supplementation and 3 weeks after ceasing supplementation. No changes (p > 0.05) in plasma dopamine, C-reactive protein, or cortisol concentrations were observed between groups. Conclusion MSP supplementation resulted in widespread improvements in several questionnaires evaluating mood, anxiety, and depression in young, healthy men and women. MSP supplementation increased serotonin increased after 6 weeks of MSP supplementation with no change in dopamine, C-reactive protein, or cortisol. Clinical trial registration https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05343533, NCT05343533.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie E. Walden
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Jessica M. Moon
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Anthony M. Hagele
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Leah E. Allen
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Connor J. Gaige
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Joesi M. Krieger
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Petey W. Mumford
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
| | | | - Chad M. Kerksick
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, Saint Charles, MO, United States
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Wojciechowska O, Kujawska M. Urolithin A in Health and Diseases: Prospects for Parkinson's Disease Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1479. [PMID: 37508017 PMCID: PMC10376282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a complex pathophysiology and a range of symptoms. The prevalence increases with age, putting the ageing population at risk. Disease management includes the improvement of symptoms, the comfort of the patient's life, and palliative care. As there is currently no cure, growing evidence points towards the beneficial role of polyphenols on neurodegeneration. Numerous studies indicate the health benefits of the family of urolithins, especially urolithin A (UA). UA is a bacterial metabolite produced by dietary ellagitannins and ellagic acid. An expanding body of literature explores the involvement of the compound in mitochondrial health, and its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. The review organizes the existing knowledge on the role of UA in health and diseases, emphasizing neurodegenerative diseases, especially PD. We gathered data on the potential neuroprotective effect in in vivo and in vitro models. We discussed the possible mechanisms of action of the compound and related health benefits to give a broader perspective of potential applications of UA in neuroprotective strategies. Moreover, we projected the future directions of applying UA in PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Wojciechowska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznań, Poland
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8
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Pereira-Caro G, Cáceres-Jimenez S, Bresciani L, Mena P, Almutairi TM, Dobani S, Pourshahidi LK, Gill CIR, Moreno Rojas JM, Clifford MN, Crozier A. Excretion by subjects on a low (poly)phenol diet of phenolic gut microbiota catabolites sequestered in tissues or associated with catecholamines and surplus amino acids. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37369137 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2226369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic catabolites excreted by fasting subjects with a functioning colon and ileostomists on a low (poly)phenol diet have been investigated. Urine was collected over a 12 h fasting period after adherence to a low (poly)phenol diet for 36 h. UHPLC-HR-MS quantified 77 phenolics. Some were present in the urine of both groups in similar trace amounts and others were excreted in higher amounts by participants with a colon indicating the involvement of the microbiota. Most were present in sub- or low-µmol amounts, but hippuric acid dominated accounting on average for 60% of the total for both volunteer categories indicating significant production from sources other than non-nutrient dietary (poly)phenols. The potential origins of the phenolics associated with the low (poly)phenol diet, include endogenous catecholamines, surplus tyrosine and phenylalanine, and washout of catabolites derived from pre-study intakes of non-nutrient dietary (poly)phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Salud Cáceres-Jimenez
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Sara Dobani
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - José Manuel Moreno Rojas
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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9
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Wang H, Zhao T, Liu Z, Danzengquzhen, Cisangzhuoma, Ma J, Li X, Huang X, Li B. The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1197646. [PMID: 37424784 PMCID: PMC10327292 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1197646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations show that dietary consumption of flavonoids could potentially confer neuroprotective effects through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Numerous flavonoids have been shown to cross the BBB and accumulate within the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these compounds purportedly counteract the accumulation and deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species, fostering neuronal survival and proliferation by inhibiting neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Moreover, several studies suggest that gut microbiota may participate in regulating brain function and host behavior through the production and modulation of bioactive metabolites. Flavonoids may shape gut microbiota composition by acting as carbon substrates to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria that produce these neuroprotective metabolites, consequently antagonizing or suppressing potential pathogens. By influencing the microbiota-gut-brain axis through this selection process, flavonoids may indirectly improve brain health. This review examines the current state of research into the relationship between bioactive flavonoids, gut microbiota, and the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danzengquzhen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Cisangzhuoma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Jinying Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
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10
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Leyrolle Q, Prado-Perez L, Layé S. The gut-derived metabolites as mediators of the effect of healthy nutrition on the brain. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1155533. [PMID: 37360297 PMCID: PMC10289296 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1155533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is now well recognized to be an environmental factor which positively or negatively influences the risk to develop neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gut microbiota has recently been shown to be an important actor mediating the relationship between environmental factors, including nutrition, and brain function. While its composition has been widely studied and associated with the risk of brain diseases, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the gut and brain diseases remain to be explored. The wide range of bioactive molecules produced by the gut microbiota, called gut-derived metabolites (GDM), represent new players in the gut to brain interactions and become interesting target to promote brain health. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight some GDMs of interest that are produced in response to healthy food consumption and to summarize what is known about their potential effects on brain function. Overall, GDMs represent future useful biomarkers for the development of personalized nutrition. Indeed, their quantification after nutritional interventions is a useful tool to determine individuals' ability to produce microbiota-derived bioactive compounds upon consumption of specific food or nutrients. Moreover, GDMs represent also a new therapeutic approach to counteract the lack of response to conventional nutritional interventions.
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11
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Zieniuk B. Dihydrocaffeic Acid-Is It the Less Known but Equally Valuable Phenolic Acid? Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050859. [PMID: 37238728 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) is a phenolic acid bearing a catechol ring and three-carbon side chain. Despite its being found in minor amounts in numerous plants and fungi of different origins, it has attracted the interest of various research groups in many fields of science, from food to biomedical applications. The review article presented herein aims to show a wider audience the health benefits and therapeutic, industrial, and nutritional potential of dihydrocaffeic acid, by sheddinglight on its occurrence, biosynthesis, bioavailability, and metabolism. The scientific literature describes at least 70 different derivatives of dihydrocaffeic acid, both those occurring naturally and those obtained via chemical and enzymatic methods. Among the most frequently used enzymes that were applied for the modification of the parent DHCA structure, there are lipases that allow for obtaining esters and phenolidips, tyrosinases used for the formation of the catechol ring, and laccases to functionalize this phenolic acid. In many studies, both in vitro and in vivo, the protective effect of DHCA and its derivatives on cells subjected to oxidative stress and inflammation were acknowledged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Zieniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Sasso JM, Ammar RM, Tenchov R, Lemmel S, Kelber O, Grieswelle M, Zhou QA. Gut Microbiome-Brain Alliance: A Landscape View into Mental and Gastrointestinal Health and Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1717-1763. [PMID: 37156006 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant bidirectional communication, of which gut microbiota and its metabolic production are a major component, and form the so-called gut microbiome-brain axis. Disturbances of microbiota homeostasis caused by imbalance in their functional composition and metabolic activities, known as dysbiosis, cause dysregulation of these pathways and trigger changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability, thereby causing pathological malfunctions, including neurological and functional gastrointestinal disorders. In turn, the brain can affect the structure and function of gut microbiota through the autonomic nervous system by regulating gut motility, intestinal transit and secretion, and gut permeability. Here, we examine data from the CAS Content Collection, the largest collection of published scientific information, and analyze the publication landscape of recent research. We review the advances in knowledge related to the human gut microbiome, its complexity and functionality, its communication with the central nervous system, and the effect of the gut microbiome-brain axis on mental and gut health. We discuss correlations between gut microbiota composition and various diseases, specifically gastrointestinal and mental disorders. We also explore gut microbiota metabolites with regard to their impact on the brain and gut function and associated diseases. Finally, we assess clinical applications of gut-microbiota-related substances and metabolites with their development pipelines. We hope this review can serve as a useful resource in understanding the current knowledge on this emerging field in an effort to further solving of the remaining challenges and fulfilling its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Sasso
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Ramy M Ammar
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Steven Lemmel
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Olaf Kelber
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Malte Grieswelle
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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13
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Matsumura Y, Kitabatake M, Kayano SI, Ito T. Dietary Phenolic Compounds: Their Health Benefits and Association with the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040880. [PMID: 37107256 PMCID: PMC10135282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes various diseases, such as type II diabetes and dyslipidemia, while antioxidants in foods may prevent a number of diseases and delay aging by exerting their effects in vivo. Phenolic compounds are phytochemicals such as flavonoids which consist of flavonols, flavones, flavanonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, lignans, stilbenoids, curcuminoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. They have phenolic hydroxyl groups in their molecular structures. These compounds are present in most plants, are abundant in nature, and contribute to the bitterness and color of various foods. Dietary phenolic compounds, such as quercetin in onions and sesamin in sesame, exhibit antioxidant activity and help prevent cell aging and diseases. In addition, other kinds of compounds, such as tannins, have larger molecular weights, and many unexplained aspects still exist. The antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds may be beneficial for human health. On the other hand, metabolism by intestinal bacteria changes the structures of these compounds with antioxidant properties, and the resulting metabolites exert their effects in vivo. In recent years, it has become possible to analyze the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The augmentation of the intestinal microbiota by the intake of phenolic compounds has been implicated in disease prevention and symptom recovery. Furthermore, the “brain–gut axis”, which is a communication system between the gut microbiome and brain, is attracting increasing attention, and research has revealed that the gut microbiota and dietary phenolic compounds affect brain homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of dietary phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities against some diseases, their biotransformation by the gut microbiota, the augmentation of the intestinal microflora, and their effects on the brain–gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsumura
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitabatake
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kayano
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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14
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Mei Y, Zhang X, Hu Y, Tong X, Liu W, Chen X, Cao L, Wang Z, Xiao W. Screening and characterization of xenobiotics in rat bio-samples after oral administration of Shen-Wu-Yi-Shen tablet using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with a targeted and non-targeted strategy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115286. [PMID: 36804290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Shen-Wu-Yi-Shen tablet (SWYST), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), has been effectively used for treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) in clinically. However, an in-depth study of in vivo metabolism of SWYST is lacking. In this study, a targeted and non-targeted strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was developed to screen and characterize SWYST-related xenobiotics in rats. Based on the in-house library, a chemical database of SWYST including 215 constituents was constructed through "find by formula" and further verified by characteristic fragmentations or the literatures. Then the constructed chemical database was applied for the targeted screening of prototypes. As for metabolites, the non-targeted screening was achieved combined the peak picking using the function "find by auto-MS/MS" and peak filtration of the prototypes and endogenous components, while the targeted screening was performed using Metabolite ID according to the possible metabolic reactions. Furthermore, the potential metabolites were preliminarily identified by comparison of the parent compounds or references to the literatures. As a result, 201 exogenous components (87 prototypes and 121 metabolites) were characterized in rats after administration of SWYST, including 55 (17 prototypes and 38 metabolites) in plasma, 151 (52 prototypes and 99 metabolites) in urine, and 121 (74 prototypes and 47 metabolites) in feces. Finally, their possible metabolic pathways were summarized, and the metabolic reactions mainly involved phase I reactions (hydroxylation, deoxygenation, hydrogenation, methylation, oxidation, hydrolysis and esterification) and phase II reactions (glucuronidation and sulfation). The findings of this research reveal the potential active ingredients of SWYST, providing an important material basis for the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SWYST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Mei
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueni Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xialin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China; Local Joint Engineering Research Center on the Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, People's Republic of China.
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15
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The Influence of Flavonoid Dihydroquercetin on the Enzymatic Processes of Dough Ripening and the Antioxidant Properties of Bread. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Bread is an integral part of the diet of the world population. Development of bread enriched with biologically active substances, including antioxidants, could be good nutritional support for human health. Among well-studied antioxidants, we can highlight dihydroquercetin, a flavonoid with outstanding antioxidant properties, such as anti-inflammatory activity, immunostimulatory properties, anti-cancer properties, and others. At the same time, the technology of bread enrichment must consider the possible negative effects of the additive on the technological processes and properties of the final product. The present work was carried out to evaluate the effect of dihydroquercetin on the enzymatic processes occurring during dough maturation and the antioxidant properties of the finished bread. Dihydroquercetin was added in amounts of 0.05 g, 0.07 g, and 0.1 g per 100 g of wheat flour and fermented with commercial baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The kinetics of pH and total titratable acidity (TTA) during dough fermentation showed that dihydroquercetin caused slight slowing of enzymatic processes. However, the dosage of dihydroquercetin did not cause statistically significant changes in the yeast concentration, which reached a level of 108 KOU/g after 2 h in all dough samples. Loss of dihydroquercetin during fermentation was established at a level of 20–25%. At the same time, an increase in the total amount of flavonoids in the dough after 2 h of fermentation and an increase in values of antioxidant activity were noted. The antioxidant properties of the bread also increased when it was enriched with dihydroquercetin (about 3.5–4 times) despite the fact that the total quantitative loss of antioxidant in the technological process was considerable (about 40%). A protective effect of the bread matrix on flavonoids during digestion was shown. Dihydroquercetin loss was about 25% regardless of the amount applied. This work clearly showed that addition of dihydroquercetin to a bread formulation represents a promising strategy for increasing the antioxidant properties of bread.
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16
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Type 2 Diabetes mellitus alters the cargo of (poly)phenol metabolome and the oxidative status in circulating lipoproteins. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102572. [PMID: 36516720 PMCID: PMC9762197 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes on the worldwide population has tripled in the past 5 decades. While drug-based therapies are valuable strategies to treat and ease the socio-economic burden of diabetes, nutritional strategies offer valuable alternatives to prevent and manage diabetes onset and contribute to the sustainability of health budgets. Whilst, intervention studies have shown that (poly)phenol-rich diets improve fasting glucose levels and other blood parameters, very little is known about the distribution of ingested polyphenols in circulation and the impact of diabetes on its cargo. In this study we investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes on the cargo of plasma (poly)phenols. Our results show that phenolic compounds are heterogeneously distributed in circulation though mainly transported by lipoprotein populations. We also found that diabetes has a marked effect on the phenolic content transported by VLDL resulting in the decrease in the content of flavonoids and consequently a decrease in the antioxidant capacity. In addition to the reduced bioavailability of (poly)phenol metabolites and increase of oxidative status in LDL and HDL populations in diabetes, cell-based assays show that sub-micromolar amounts of microbial (poly)phenol metabolites are able to counteract the pro-inflammatory status in glucose-challenged endothelial cells. Our findings highlight the relevance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the transport and delivery of bioactive plant-based compounds to the endothelium in T2DM supporting the adoption of nutritional guidelines as an alternative strategy to drug-based therapeutic approaches.
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17
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Lee D, Lee VMY, Hur SK. Manipulation of the diet-microbiota-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1042865. [PMID: 36408394 PMCID: PMC9672822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1042865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies investigating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease have identified various interdependent constituents contributing to the exacerbation of the disease, including Aβ plaque formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neurofibrillary tangle accumulation, glial inflammation, and the eventual loss of proper neural plasticity. Recently, using various models and human patients, another key factor has been established as an influential determinant in brain homeostasis: the gut-brain axis. The implications of a rapidly aging population and the absence of a definitive cure for Alzheimer's disease have prompted a search for non-pharmaceutical tools, of which gut-modulatory therapies targeting the gut-brain axis have shown promise. Yet multiple recent studies examining changes in human gut flora in response to various probiotics and environmental factors are limited and difficult to generalize; whether the state of the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease is a cause of the disease, a result of the disease, or both through numerous feedback loops in the gut-brain axis, remains unclear. However, preliminary findings of longitudinal studies conducted over the past decades have highlighted dietary interventions, especially Mediterranean diets, as preventative measures for Alzheimer's disease by reversing neuroinflammation, modifying the intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB), and addressing gut dysbiosis. Conversely, the consumption of Western diets intensifies the progression of Alzheimer's disease through genetic alterations, impaired barrier function, and chronic inflammation. This review aims to support the growing body of experimental and clinical data highlighting specific probiotic strains and particular dietary components in preventing Alzheimer's disease via the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Middleton High School, Middleton, WI, United States
| | - Virginia M-Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Seong Kwon Hur
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
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18
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Visvanathan R, Williamson G. Review of factors affecting citrus polyphenol bioavailability and their importance in designing in vitro, animal, and intervention studies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4509-4545. [PMID: 36183163 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies links citrus fruit consumption with several health-promoting effects. However, many in vitro studies disregard bioavailability data, a key factor determining responses in humans. Citrus (poly)phenol metabolism and bioavailability follow specific pathways that vary widely among individuals and are affected by several intrinsic (age, sex, gut microbiota, metabolic state, genetic polymorphisms) and extrinsic (food matrix, co-consumed food, (poly)phenol solubility, dose, food processing, lifestyle) factors. The gut microbiota is crucial to both absorption of citrus (poly)phenols and the production of catabolites, and absorption of both takes place mostly in the colon. Citrus (poly)phenol absorption can reach up to 100% in some individuals when the sum of the gut microbiota products are taken into account. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding citrus (poly)phenol absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability using evidence primarily derived from human studies in designing in vitro, animal, and further human clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizliya Visvanathan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
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19
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Zheng W, Li H, Go Y, Chan XH(F, Huang Q, Wu J. Research Advances on the Damage Mechanism of Skin Glycation and Related Inhibitors. Nutrients 2022; 14:4588. [PMID: 36364850 PMCID: PMC9655929 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Our skin is an organ with the largest contact area between the human body and the external environment. Skin aging is affected directly by both endogenous factors and exogenous factors (e.g., UV exposure). Skin saccharification, a non-enzymatic reaction between proteins, e.g., dermal collagen and naturally occurring reducing sugars, is one of the basic root causes of endogenous skin aging. During the reaction, a series of complicated glycation products produced at different reaction stages and pathways are usually collectively referred to as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs cause cellular dysfunction through the modification of intracellular molecules and accumulate in tissues with aging. AGEs are also associated with a variety of age-related diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, renal failure (uremia), and Alzheimer's disease. AGEs accumulate in the skin with age and are amplified through exogenous factors, e.g., ultraviolet radiation, resulting in wrinkles, loss of elasticity, dull yellowing, and other skin problems. This article focuses on the damage mechanism of glucose and its glycation products on the skin by summarizing the biochemical characteristics, compositions, as well as processes of the production and elimination of AGEs. One of the important parts of this article would be to summarize the current AGEs inhibitors to gain insight into the anti-glycation mechanism of the skin and the development of promising natural products with anti-glycation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Zheng
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuyo Go
- Royal Victoria Hospital, BT12 6BA Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Qing Huang
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Skin Health and Cosmetic Development & Evaluation Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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20
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Fisette A, Sergi D, Breton-Morin A, Descôteaux S, Martinoli MG. New Insights on the Role of Bioactive Food Derivatives in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3068-3081. [PMID: 36121075 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220919085742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, neurodegenerative diseases have received increasing attention due to their frequency in the aging population and the social and economic burdens they are posing. In parallel, an era's worth of research in neuroscience has shaped our current appreciation of the complex relationship between nutrition and the central nervous system. Particular branches of nutrition continue to galvanize neuroscientists, in particular the diverse roles that bioactive food derivatives play on health and disease. Bioactive food derivatives are nowadays recognized to directly impact brain homeostasis, specifically with respect to their actions on cellular mechanisms of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and autophagy. However, ambiguities still exist regarding the significance of the influence of bioactive food derivatives on human health. In turn, gut microbiota dysbiosis is emerging as a novel player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, several routes of communication exist between the gut and the brain, where molecules are either released in the bloodstream or directly transported to the CNS. As such, bioactive food derivatives can modulate the complex ecosystem of the gut-brain axis, thus, targeting this communication network holds promises as a neuroprotective tool. This review aims at addressing one of the emerging aspects of neuroscience, particularly the interplay between food bioactive derivatives and neurodegeneration. We will specifically address the role that polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids play in preventing neurodegenerative diseases and how dietary intervention complements available pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fisette
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alyssa Breton-Morin
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Savanah Descôteaux
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, U. Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, Canada
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21
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Andrade N, Peixoto JAB, Oliveira MBPP, Martel F, Alves RC. Can coffee silverskin be a useful tool to fight metabolic syndrome? Front Nutr 2022; 9:966734. [PMID: 36211502 PMCID: PMC9534380 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.966734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most consumed products in the world, and its by-products are mainly discarded as waste. In order to solve this problem and in the context of a sustainable industrial attitude, coffee by-products have been studied concerning their chemical and nutritional features for a potential application in foodstuffs or dietary supplements. Under this perspective, coffee silverskin, the main by-product of coffee roasting, stands out as a noteworthy source of nutrients and remarkable bioactive compounds, such as chlorogenic acids, caffeine, and melanoidins, among others. Such compounds have been demonstrating beneficial health properties in the context of metabolic disorders. This mini-review compiles and discusses the potential health benefits of coffee silverskin and its main bioactive components on metabolic syndrome, highlighting the main biochemical mechanisms involved, namely their effects upon intestinal sugar uptake, glucose and lipids metabolism, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota. Even though additional research on this coffee by-product is needed, silverskin can be highlighted as an interesting source of compounds that could be used in the prevention or co-treatment of metabolic syndrome. Simultaneously, the valorization of this by-product also responds to the sustainability and circular economy needs of the coffee chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Nelson Andrade
| | - Juliana A. Barreto Peixoto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C. Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Rita C. Alves
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22
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Increasing the Efficiency of Taxifolin Encapsulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Cells Based on Ultrasonic Microstructuring. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8080378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of encapsulating the plant antioxidant taxifolin in the living cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Taxifolin is an unstable substance prone to oxidative degradation and actively enters into chemical reactions with a decrease or loss of bioactive properties. To minimize these problems, the use of encapsulation technology has been proposed. The cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been chosen as a protective material for taxifolin. The encapsulation process was carried out using simple diffusion methods in living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in a thermostatically controlled shaker for 24 h. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of preliminary microstructuring of taxifolin on the efficiency of its encapsulation in yeast cells. The microstructuring process was carried out using low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation exposure for 7 min with a frequency of 22 ± 1.6 kHz and a power of 600 W/100 mL. The studies confirmed the feasibility of the proposed approach. It was found that microstructuring changes the dispersed composition of taxifolin particles and their morphology in solution and also increases the value of the antioxidant activity. Preliminary microstructuring of taxifolin increases the efficiency of its encapsulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells by 1.42 times compared to the initial form. A positive dependence of the growth of the encapsulation efficiency on the duration of the process was also established. Thus, the conducted studies confirmed the advantage of encapsulation of taxifolin in living cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in microstructured form.
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23
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Ahmed H, Leyrolle Q, Koistinen V, Kärkkäinen O, Layé S, Delzenne N, Hanhineva K. Microbiota-derived metabolites as drivers of gut-brain communication. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2102878. [PMID: 35903003 PMCID: PMC9341364 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition have been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The gut microbes transform and metabolize dietary- and host-derived molecules generating a diverse group of metabolites with local and systemic effects. The bi-directional communication between brain and the microbes residing in the gut, the so-called gut-brain axis, consists of a network of immunological, neuronal, and endocrine signaling pathways. Although the full variety of mechanisms of the gut-brain crosstalk is yet to be established, the existing data demonstrates that a single metabolite or its derivatives are likely among the key inductors within the gut-brain axis communication. However, more research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying how gut microbiota associated metabolites alter brain functions, and to examine if different interventional approaches targeting the gut microbiota could be used in prevention and treatment of neurological disorders, as reviewed herein.Abbreviations:4-EPS 4-ethylphenylsulfate; 5-AVA(B) 5-aminovaleric acid (betaine); Aβ Amyloid beta protein; AhR Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; ASD Autism spectrum disorder; BBB Blood-brain barrier; BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CNS Central nervous system; GABA ɣ-aminobutyric acid; GF Germ-free; MIA Maternal immune activation; SCFA Short-chain fatty acid; 3M-4-TMAB 3-methyl-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate; 4-TMAP 4-(trimethylammonio)pentanoate; TMA(O) Trimethylamine(-N-oxide); TUDCA Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; ZO Zonula occludens proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Ahmed
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,CONTACT Hany Ahmed Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Quentin Leyrolle
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ville Koistinen
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sophie Layé
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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24
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Ma C, Liu D, Hao H, Wu X. Identification of the DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Donkey Blood and Regulatory Effect on the Gut Microbiota of Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142148. [PMID: 35885395 PMCID: PMC9316604 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
After being treated with protease K, peptides extracted from donkey blood were separated, identified, and characterized. The results showed that Sephadex G-25 medium purified with MW < 3 kDa had the highest dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition capacity. Three-hundred-and-thirty-four peptides were identified with UPLC−MS/MS. Peptide Ranker and molecular docking analysis were used to screen active peptides, and 16 peptides were finalized out of the 334. The results showed that the lowest binding energy between P7(YPWTQ) and DPP-IV was −9.1, and the second-lowest binding energy between P1(VDPENFRLL) and DPP-IV was −8.7. The active peptides(MW < 3 kDa) could cause a reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels of type 2 diabetic mice, improve glucose tolerance, and facilitate healing of the damaged structure of diabetic murine liver and pancreas. Meanwhile, the peptides were found to ameliorate the diabetic murine intestinal micro-ecological environment to a certain extent.
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25
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Chen P, Guo Z, Chen F, Wu Y, Zhou B. Recent Advances and Perspectives on the Health Benefits of Urolithin B, A Bioactive Natural Product Derived From Ellagitannins. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917266. [PMID: 35814202 PMCID: PMC9257173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Urolithin (Uro) B is a natural compound produced by gut bacteria from ingested ellagitannins (ETs) and ellagic acid (EA), complex polyphenols abundant in foods such as pomegranates, raspberries, blueberries and chestnuts. Uro B has recently garnered considerable attention owing to its wide range of nutraceutical effects and relatively high potency. According to several studies, Uro B prevents the development of hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and tumors due to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Many reviews have systematically summarized the health benefits and pharmacological activities of ETs, EA and urolithins (especially Uro A) while available reviews or detailed summaries on the positive impact of Uro B are rarer. Here, we sought to review the pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, regulation of immune function and its associated diseases and preventive potential of Uro B to elucidate its function as a nutritional agent in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuchao Chen
- Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Benhong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Benhong Zhou,
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26
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Cruz-Carrión Á, Calani L, Ruiz de Azua MJ, Mena P, Del Rio D, Arola-Arnal A, Suárez M. Impact of Seasonal Consumption of Local Tomatoes on the Metabolism and Absorption of (Poly)Phenols in Fischer Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102047. [PMID: 35631187 PMCID: PMC9144325 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Consuming (poly)phenol-rich fruits and vegetables, including tomato, is associated with health benefits. The health effects of tomato (poly)phenolic compounds have been attributed to their metabolites rather than parent compounds and their bioavailability can be modulated by several factors. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seasonal consumption of local tomatoes on their (poly)phenol bioavailability. For this, (poly)phenol absorption and metabolism were evaluated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and linear ion trap mass spectrometric (uHPLC-MSn) after chronic tomato consumption in Fischer rats exposed to three photoperiods mimicking the seasonal daylight schedule. Tomatoes from two locations in Spain (LT, local tomatoes and NLT, non-local tomatoes) were used in this in vivo feeding study. The bioavailability of tomato (poly)phenols depended on the photoperiod to which the rats were exposed, the metabolite concentrations significantly varying between seasons. In-season tomato consumption allowed obtaining the highest concentration of total circulating metabolites. In addition, the origin of the tomato administered generated marked differences in the metabolic profiles, with higher serum concentrations reached upon NLT ingestion. We concluded that in-season tomato consumption led to an increase in (poly)phenol circulation, whereas LT consumption showed lower circulating metabolites than NLT ones. Thus, the origin of the tomato and the seasonal daylight schedule affect the bioavailability of tomato (poly)phenols, which could also affect their bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Cruz-Carrión
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.R.d.A.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Luca Calani
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.C.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Ma. Josefina Ruiz de Azua
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.R.d.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Pedro Mena
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.C.); (D.D.R.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (A.A.-A.); Tel.: +39-05-2190-3970 (P.M.); +34-977-55-8630 (A.A.-A.)
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (L.C.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Anna Arola-Arnal
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.R.d.A.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (A.A.-A.); Tel.: +39-05-2190-3970 (P.M.); +34-977-55-8630 (A.A.-A.)
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (Á.C.-C.); (M.J.R.d.A.); (M.S.)
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27
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Wu Q, Liang Y, Kong Y, Zhang F, Feng Y, Ouyang Y, Wang C, Guo Z, Xiao J, Feng N. Role of glycated proteins in vivo: Enzymatic glycated proteins and non-enzymatic glycated proteins. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Zhang M, Cui S, Mao B, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Zhang H, Tang X, Chen W. Ellagic acid and intestinal microflora metabolite urolithin A: A review on its sources, metabolic distribution, health benefits, and biotransformation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6900-6922. [PMID: 35142569 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2036693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Foods rich in ellagic tannins are first hydrolyzed into ellagic acid in the stomach and small intestine, and then converted into urolithins with high bioavailability by the intestinal flora. Urolithin has beneficially biological effects, it can induce adipocyte browning, improve cholesterol metabolism, inhibit graft tumor growth, relieve inflammation, and downregulate neuronal amyloid protein formation via the β3-AR/PKA/p38MAPK, ERK/AMPKα/SREBP1, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, and TLR4, AHR receptors. But differences have been reported in urolithin production capacity among different individuals. Thus, it is of great significance to explore the biological functions of urolithin, screen the strains responsible for biotransformation of urolithin, and explore the corresponding functional genes. Tannin acyl hydrolase can hydrolyze tannins into ellagic acid, and the genera Gordonibacter and Ellagibacter can metabolize ellagic acid into urolithins. Therefore, application of "single bacterium", "single bacterium + enzyme", and "microflora" can achieve biotransformation of urolithin A. In this review, the source and metabolic pathway of ellagic tannins, and the mechanisms of the biological function of a metabolite, urolithin A, are discussed. The current strategies of biotransformation to obtain urolithin A are expounded to provide ideas for further studies on the relationship between urolithin and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center, Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R China
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29
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Liu Y, Myojin T, Li K, Kurita A, Seto M, Motoyama A, Liu X, Satoh A, Munemasa S, Murata Y, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y. A Major Intestinal Catabolite of Quercetin Glycosides, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Protects the Hepatocytes from the Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity through the Enhancement of the Total Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031762. [PMID: 35163684 PMCID: PMC8836260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are the major enzyme superfamily for the aldehyde metabolism. Since the ALDH polymorphism leads to the accumulation of acetaldehyde, we considered that the enhancement of the liver ALDH activity by certain food ingredients could help prevent alcohol-induced chronic diseases. Here, we evaluated the modulating effects of 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (OPAC), the major metabolite of quercetin glycosides, on the ALDH activity and acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured cell models. OPAC significantly enhanced the total ALDH activity not only in mouse hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells, but also in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. OPAC significantly increased not only the nuclear level of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but also the AhR-dependent reporter gene expression, though not the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent one. The pretreatment of OPAC at the concentration required for the ALDH upregulation completely inhibited the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity. Silencing AhR impaired the resistant effect of OPAC against acetaldehyde. These results strongly suggested that OPAC protects the cells from the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity, mainly through the AhR-dependent and Nrf2-independent enhancement of the total ALDH activity. Our findings suggest that OPAC has a protective potential in hepatocyte models and could offer a new preventive possibility of quercetin glycosides for targeting alcohol-induced chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China;
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (K.L.); (X.L.)
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Takumi Myojin
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Kexin Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (K.L.); (X.L.)
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Ayuki Kurita
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Masayuki Seto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Ayano Motoyama
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (K.L.); (X.L.)
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Ayano Satoh
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (T.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (Y.M.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-251-8300; Fax: +81-86-251-8388
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30
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Albasher G, Alkahtani S, Al-Harbi LN. Urolithin A prevents streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by activating SIRT1. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1210-1220. [PMID: 35241966 PMCID: PMC8865018 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the cardiac anti-cardiomyopathy (DC) protective effect of urolithin A in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats and investigated if this protection involves activation of SIRT1 signaling. Diabetes was induced first STZ (65 mg/kg, i.p.) before starting the experiments. Adult male rats (n = 8/group) were treated for 8 weeks as control (non-diabetic), control + urolithin A (2.5 mg/kg/i.p.), STZ, STZ + urolithin A, and STZ + urolithin A + Ex-527 (1 mg/kg/i.p.) (a SIRT1 inhibitor). With no effect on fasting glucose and insulin levels, urolithin A improved left ventricular (LV) function and structure and reduced heart weight and serum levels of cardiac markers in STZ-treated rats. Also, it prevented collagen deposition, reduced mRNA levels of Bax, cleaved caspaspe3, collagen 1A1, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and Smad3 but enhanced those of Bcl2 in the LVs of diabetic rats. However, urolithin A suppressed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), and increased the levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and total glutathione (GSH) in the LVs of the non-diabetic and diabetic rats, In parallel, it suppressed the cardiac activity of NF-nuclear factor-kappa beta p65 (κB p65) and reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Coincided with these events, urolithin A promoted higher activity, mRNA, and total/nuclear protein levels of SIRT1 and lowered the levels of acetyl-FOXO1, Nrf2, NF-κB, and p53. All these benefits of urolithin A were prevented by Ex-527. In conclusion, urolithin A protects against DC by activating SIRT signaling.
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31
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Jaskiw GE, Xu D, Obrenovich ME, Donskey CJ. Small phenolic and indolic gut-dependent molecules in the primate central nervous system: levels vs. bioactivity. Metabolomics 2022; 18:8. [PMID: 34989922 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A rapidly growing body of data documents associations between disease of the brain and small molecules generated by gut-microbiota (GMB). While such metabolites can affect brain function through a variety of mechanisms, the most direct action would be on the central nervous system (CNS) itself. OBJECTIVE Identify indolic and phenolic GMB-dependent small molecules that reach bioactive concentrations in primate CNS. METHODS We conducted a PubMed search for metabolomic studies of the primate CNS [brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] and then selected for phenolic or indolic metabolites that (i) had been quantified, (ii) were GMB-dependent. For each chemical we then conducted a search for studies of bioactivity conducted in vitro in human cells of any kind or in CNS cells from the mouse or rat. RESULTS 36 metabolites of interests were identified in primate CNS through targeted metabolomics. Quantification was available for 31/36 and in vitro bioactivity for 23/36. The reported CNS range for 8 metabolites 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid [caffeic acid], 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-acetamido-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid [N-acetyltryptophan], 1H-indol-3-yl hydrogen sulfate [indoxyl-3-sulfate] overlapped with a bioactive concentration. However, the number and quality of relevant studies of CNS neurochemistry as well as of bioactivity were highly limited. Structural isomers, multiple metabolites and potential confounders were inadequately considered. CONCLUSION The potential direct bioactivity of GMB-derived indolic and phenolic molecules on primate CNS remains largely unknown. The field requires additional strategies to identify and prioritize screening of the most promising small molecules that enter the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Jaskiw
- Psychiatry Service 116(A), Veterans Affairs Northeast Ohio Healthcare System (VANEOHS), 10701 East Blvd., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Dongyan Xu
- Psychiatry Service 116(A), Veterans Affairs Northeast Ohio Healthcare System (VANEOHS), 10701 East Blvd., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark E Obrenovich
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VANEOHS, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Research Service, VANEOHS, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Curtis J Donskey
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VANEOHS, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Kongdang P, Dukaew N, Pruksakorn D, Koonrungsesomboon N. Biochemistry of Amaranthus polyphenols and their potential benefits on gut ecosystem: A comprehensive review of the literature. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114547. [PMID: 34425138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Amaranthus is phytonutrients-rich plant distributed worldwide and has been recognized as having medicinal value in traditional use against several diseases and conditions. There are a large amount of research data on the polyphenol profiles of Amaranthus plants and their links with potential benefits against gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review article aims to provide a comprehensive review of Amaranthus phenolic compounds and their microbial metabolites, as well as the biological and/or pharmacological effects of those compounds/metabolites. METHODOLOGY The relevant information about the genus Amaranthus was collected from various sources and databases, including Google Scholar, Google Books, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and other internet sources. The World Flora Online (2021) database was used to verify the scientific names of the plants. RESULTS Comprehensive review of identified compounds in Amaranthus plants revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarins in each part of the plants. The biotransformation by gut microbiota enzymes prominently produces diverse bioactive metabolites that are potentially active than their precursors. Lines of the evidence support the beneficial roles of Amaranthus extracts in several gastrointestinal diseases, particularly with the polar extracts of several plant parts. Dietary fibers in Amaranthus plants also coordinate the alteration of gut microbiota-related metabolisms and may be beneficial to certain gastrointestinal disorders in particular, such as constipation. CONCLUSIONS Amaranthus plants are rich in polyphenols and dietary fibers. Several microbial metabolites are biologically active, so alteration of gut microbiota is largely linked to the metabolic feature of the plants. Based on the evidence available to date, several Amaranthus plants containing a combination of phytonutrients, particularly polyphenols and dietary fibers, may be a promising candidate that is of interest to be further developed for use in the treatment of certain gastrointestinal conditions/disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patiwat Kongdang
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Nahathai Dukaew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Ashwin K, Pattanaik AK, Howarth GS. Polyphenolic bioactives as an emerging group of nutraceuticals for promotion of gut health: A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Urolithins: Diet-Derived Bioavailable Metabolites to Tackle Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124285. [PMID: 34959837 PMCID: PMC8705976 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes remains one of the leading causes of deaths and co-morbidities in the world, with tremendous human, social and economic costs. Therefore, despite therapeutics and technological advancements, improved strategies to tackle diabetes management are still needed. One of the suggested strategies is the consumption of (poly)phenols. Positive outcomes of dietary (poly)phenols have been pointed out towards different features in diabetes. This is the case of ellagitannins, which are present in numerous foodstuffs such as pomegranate, berries, and nuts. Ellagitannins have been reported to have a multitude of effects on metabolic diseases. However, these compounds have high molecular weight and do not reach circulation at effective concentrations, being metabolized in smaller compounds. After being metabolized into ellagic acid in the small intestine, the colonic microbiota hydrolyzes and metabolizes ellagic acid into dibenzopyran-6-one derivatives, known as urolithins. These low molecular weight compounds reach circulation in considerable concentrations ranging until micromolar levels, capable of reaching target tissues. Different urolithins are formed throughout the metabolization process, but urolithin A, isourolithin A, and urolithin B, and their phase-II metabolites are the most frequent ones. In recent years, urolithins have been the focus of attention in regard to their effects on a multiplicity of chronic diseases, including cancer and diabetes. In this review, we will discuss the latest advances about the protective effects of urolithins on diabetes.
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Goldstein DS, Sullivan P, Corrales A, Isonaka R, Gelsomino J, Cherup J, Castillo G, Holmes C. Multiple catechols in human plasma after drinking caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1185:122988. [PMID: 34731744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is one of the most frequently consumed beverages worldwide. Research on effects of coffee drinking has focused on caffeine; however, coffee contains myriad biochemicals that are chemically unrelated to caffeine, including 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl compounds (catechols) such as caffeic acid and dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA). OBJECTIVE This prospective within-subjects study examined effects of drinking caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee on plasma free (unconjugated) catechols measured by liquid chromatography with series electrochemical detection (LCED) after batch alumina extraction. To confirm coffee-related chromatographic peaks represented catechols, plasma was incubated with catechol-O-methyltransferase and S-adenosylmethionine before the alumina extraction; reductions in peak heights would identify catechols. METHODS Ten healthy volunteers drank 2 cups each of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on separate days after fasting overnight. With subjects supine, blood was drawn through an intravenous catheter up to 240 min after coffee ingestion and the plasma assayed by alumina extraction followed by LCED. RESULTS Within 15 min of drinking coffee of either type, >20 additional peaks were noted in chromatographs from the alumina eluates. Most of the coffee-related peaks corresponded to free catechols. Plasma levels of the catecholamines epinephrine and dopamine increased with both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Levels of other endogenous catechols were unaffected. Plasma DHCA increased bi-phasically, in contrast with other coffee-related free catechols. INTERPRETATION Drinking coffee-whether caffeinated or decaffeinated-results in the rapid appearance of numerous free catechols in the plasma. These might affect the disposition of circulating catecholamines. The bi-phasic increase in plasma DHCA is consistent with production by gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Goldstein
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA.
| | - Patti Sullivan
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Abraham Corrales
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Risa Isonaka
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Janna Gelsomino
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Jamie Cherup
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Genessis Castillo
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
| | - Courtney Holmes
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620, USA
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Khaira H, Lunelli T, Singh H, Guillemin GJ, Fernando B, Garg ML, Verdile G, Martins RN. Therapeutic Potential of Mitophagy-Inducing Microflora Metabolite, Urolithin A for Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113744. [PMID: 34836000 PMCID: PMC8617978 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction including deficits of mitophagy is seen in aging and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apart from traditionally targeting amyloid beta (Aβ), the main culprit in AD brains, other approaches include investigating impaired mitochondrial pathways for potential therapeutic benefits against AD. Thus, a future therapy for AD may focus on novel candidates that enhance optimal mitochondrial integrity and turnover. Bioactive food components, known as nutraceuticals, may serve as such agents to combat AD. Urolithin A is an intestinal microbe-derived metabolite of a class of polyphenols, ellagitannins (ETs). Urolithin A is known to exert many health benefits. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-Aβ, and pro-mitophagy properties are increasingly recognized. However, the underlying mechanisms of urolithin A in inducing mitophagy is poorly understood. This review discusses the mitophagy deficits in AD and examines potential molecular mechanisms of its activation. Moreover, the current knowledge of urolithin A is discussed, focusing on its neuroprotective properties and its potential to induce mitophagy. Specifically, this review proposes potential mechanisms by which urolithin A may activate and promote mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Pamoda W. Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Harjot Khaira
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Taciana Lunelli
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia
| | - Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, 8 Verdun Street., Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9347-4200
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Guo X, Cao X, Fang X, Guo A, Li E. Inhibitory effects of fermented Ougan ( Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) juice on high-fat diet-induced obesity associated with white adipose tissue browning and gut microbiota modulation in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:9300-9314. [PMID: 34606525 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Ougan juice (OJ) and lactic acid bacteria fermented Ougan juice (FOJ) were investigated individually for their capability of preventing obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. After being administered with OJ or FOJ for 10 weeks, the body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and gut microbiota dysbiosis of HFD-fed mice were examined. The results showed that OJ or FOJ supplementation inhibited weight gain, lowered fat accumulation, reduced liver steatosis, improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity, and promoted white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Both OJ and FOJ additions increased the diversity of gut microbiota. OJ reduced the relative abundance of phylum Erysipelatoclostridiaceae and genus Erysipelatoclostridium and remarkably increased SCFA-producing bacteria Blautia, while FOJ reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and enhanced the relative abundance of family Lactobacillaceae. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that Akkermansia, Dubosiella, and Muribaculaceae were significantly negatively correlated with obesity-related indexes. In general, FOJ exhibited a better inhibitory effect on obesity than OJ, and the possible inhibitory mechanism lies in promoting WAT browning and increasing intestinal probiotics. This study provides the guidance for developing fermented Ougan juice as an obesity-inhibiting functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuedan Cao
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Xiugui Fang
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Ailing Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Erhu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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Rocha S, Oskolkova O, de Freitas V, Reis A. (Poly)phenol-Rich Diets in the Management of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: Biological Properties in Cultured Endothelial Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001130. [PMID: 34050718 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Processed and ready-to-eat foods become routinely consumed resulting in a sharp rise of sugar intake in people's daily diets. The inclusion of fresh fruits and vegetables rich in (poly)phenols has been encouraged by the World Health Organization (WHO) as part of the daily choices to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and ease the socio-economic burden of diabetes. Research in Food, Nutrition, and Cell Metabolism areas is revealing that the health benefits of (poly)phenol-rich foods go beyond their antioxidant properties and are in fact key modulators of redox and glycaemia status, and inflammatory response contributing to improved endothelial function and vascular health in diabetes. Other beneficial aspects include appetite modulation, regulation of hydrolytic enzymes involved in sugar and lipid metabolism, and mediation of cell-cell aggregation events. This work overviews the current knowledge on the biological properties of ingested (poly)phenols in cultured endothelial cells with emphasis on the circulating (poly)phenols, providing support to (poly)phenol-rich diets as alternatives to drug-based therapies in the prevention, treatment, and management of diabetes. A critical evaluation on the caveats and challenges involve in current experimental cell-based designs and approaches adopted is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rocha
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Olga Oskolkova
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
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Cárdenas-Castro AP, Zamora-Gasga VM, Alvarez-Parrilla E, Ruíz-Valdiviezo VM, Venema K, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.): Phenolic compounds released and bioconverted by gut microbiota. Food Chem 2021; 360:130051. [PMID: 34020365 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two of the most important Mexican plant-foods are tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.). In this study three objectives were followed: i) to evaluate the bioaccessible phenolic compounds (PC) in T and HT during upper gastrointestinal digestion, ii) to in vitro ferment the indigestible fractions of the samples to evaluate the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production, iii) the microbial metabolites, bioconverted PC and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the fermentation. Vanillic acid was the most bioaccessible PC and after 48 h, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid was the most abundant microbial metabolite identified in both samples. The identification of VOCs belonging to terpenes (and derivatives) group in T and HT can be product of the microbial metabolism of carotenoids. The study shows new knowledge of the in vitro intestinal digestion and fermentation of T and HT final compounds with biological potential which should be evaluated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia P Cárdenas-Castro
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av. Tecnológico No 2595, Col. Lagos del Country CP 63175, Tepic, Nayarit México, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Zamora-Gasga
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av. Tecnológico No 2595, Col. Lagos del Country CP 63175, Tepic, Nayarit México, Mexico
| | - Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, CP 32310, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Ruíz-Valdiviezo
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla-Gutiérrez, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Carretera Panamericana km 1080, CP 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Koen Venema
- Maastricht University-Campus Venlo, Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, St. Jansweg 20, 5928 RC Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia G Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av. Tecnológico No 2595, Col. Lagos del Country CP 63175, Tepic, Nayarit México, Mexico.
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Going "Green" in the Prevention and Management of Atherothrombotic Diseases: The Role of Dietary Polyphenols. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071490. [PMID: 33916712 PMCID: PMC8038361 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the 20th century processed and ready-to-eat foods became routinely consumed resulting in a sharp rise of fat, salt, and sugar intake in people's diets. Currently, the global incidence of obesity, raised blood lipids, hypertension, and diabetes in an increasingly aged population contributes to the rise of atherothrombotic events and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality. Drug-based therapies are valuable strategies to tackle and help manage the socio-economic impact of atherothrombotic disorders though not without adverse side effects. The inclusion of fresh fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids to human diets, as recommended by WHO offers a valuable nutritional strategy, alternative to drug-based therapies, to be explored in the prevention and management of atherothrombotic diseases at early stages. Though polyphenols are mostly associated to color and taste in foods, food flavonoids are emerging as modulators of cholesterol biosynthesis, appetite and food intake, blood pressure, platelet function, clot formation, and anti-inflammatory signaling, supporting the health-promoting effects of polyphenol-rich diets in mitigating the impact of risk factors in atherothrombotic disorders and CVD events. Here we overview the current knowledge on the effect of polyphenols particularly of flavonoid intake on the atherothrombotic risk factors and discuss the caveats and challenges involved with current experimental cell-based designs.
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Boudaoud S, Aouf C, Devillers H, Sicard D, Segond D. Sourdough yeast-bacteria interactions can change ferulic acid metabolism during fermentation. Food Microbiol 2021; 98:103790. [PMID: 33875218 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The metabolism of ferulic acid (FA) was studied during fermentation with different species and strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts, in synthetic sourdough medium. Yeast strains of Kazachstania humilis, Kazachstania bulderi, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as lactic acid bacteria strains of Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactiplantibacillus xiangfangensis, Levilactobacillus hammesii, Latilactobacillus curvatus and Latilactobacillus sakei were selected from French natural sourdoughs. Fermentation in presence or absence of FA was carried out in LAB and yeasts monocultures, as well as in LAB/yeast co-cultures. Our results indicated that FA was mainly metabolized into 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG) by S. cerevisiae strains, and into dihydroferulic acid (DHFA) and 4-VG in the case of LAB. Interactions of LAB and yeasts led to the modification of FA metabolism, with a major formation of DHFA, even by the strains that do not produce it in monoculture. Interestingly, FA was almost completely consumed by the F. sanfranciscensis bFs17 and K. humilis yKh17 pair and converted into DHFA in 89.5 ± 19.6% yield, while neither bFs17, nor yKh17 strains assimilated FA in monoculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Boudaoud
- UMR 1083 SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Chahinez Aouf
- UMR 1208 IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugo Devillers
- UMR 1083 SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Sicard
- UMR 1083 SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Diego Segond
- UMR 1083 SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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Ruan S, Wang L, Li Y, Li P, Ren Y, Gao R, Ma H. Staple food and health: a comparative study of physiology and gut microbiota of mice fed with potato and traditional staple foods (corn, wheat and rice). Food Funct 2021; 12:1232-1240. [PMID: 33433545 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02264k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of potato and traditional staple foods (corn, wheat and rice) on physiology and gut microbiota were investigated by feeding ICR mice for 12 months. Compared with traditional staple foods, potato significantly improved the food and water intake and survival rate, and inhibited the swelling of viscera of mice, accompanied by a decreased white blood cell count and urine bilirubin content. Furthermore, potato significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium, which are short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria and play very important roles in the maintenance of human health. Meanwhile, potato significantly decreased the relative abundance of spoilage bacteria Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus. Analysis of putative metagenomes indicated that the potato diet upregulated the gene abundance of glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, digestive system and immune system. These findings indicated that potato has the potential to be an excellent substitute for traditional staple foods owing to its good physiological function and favorable gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Ruan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Yunliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Peiyu Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhan Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
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Mithul Aravind S, Wichienchot S, Tsao R, Ramakrishnan S, Chakkaravarthi S. Role of dietary polyphenols on gut microbiota, their metabolites and health benefits. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110189. [PMID: 33773665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial health roles of dietary polyphenols in preventing oxidative stress related chronic diseases have been subjected to intense investigation over the last two decades. As our understanding of the role of gut microbiota advances our knowledge of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of polyphenols accumulates, there emerges a need to examine the prebiotic role of dietary polyphenols. This review focused onthe role of different types and sources of dietary polyphenols on the modulation of the gut microbiota, their metabolites and how they impact on host health benefits. Inter-dependence between the gut microbiota and polyphenol metabolites and the vital balance between the two in maintaining the host gut homeostasis were discussed with reference to different types and sources of dietary polyphenols. Similarly, the mechanisms behind the health benefits by various polyphenolic metabolites bio-transformed by gut microbiota were also explained. However, further research should focus on the importance of human trials and profound links of polyphenols-gut microbiota-nerve-brain as they provide the key to unlock the mechanisms behind the observed benefits of dietary polyphenols found in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mithul Aravind
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology and Entrepreneurship Management, Haryana, India
| | - Santad Wichienchot
- Center of Excellence in Functional Food and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Korhong, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada.
| | - S Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - S Chakkaravarthi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology and Entrepreneurship Management, Haryana, India.
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Yao ZD, Cao YN, Peng LX, Yan ZY, Zhao G. Coarse Cereals and Legume Grains Exert Beneficial Effects through Their Interaction with Gut Microbiota: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:861-877. [PMID: 33264009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coarse cereals and legume grains (CCLGs) are rich in specific macro- and functional elements that are considered important dietary components for maintaining human health. Therefore, determining the precise nutritional mechanism involved in exerting the health benefits of CCLGs can help understand dietary nutrition in a better manner. Evidence suggests that gut microbiota play a crucial role in the function of CCLGs via their complicated interplay with CCLGs. First, CCLGs modulate gut microbiota and function. Second, gut microbiota convert CCLGs into compounds that perform different functions. Third, gut microbiota mediate interactions among different CCLG components. Therefore, using gut microbiota to expound the nutritional mechanism of CCLGs is important for future studies. A precise and rapid gut microbiota research model is required to screen and evaluate the quality of CCLGs. The outcomes of such research may promote the rapid discovery, classification, and evaluation of CCLG resources, thereby opening a new opportunity to guide nutrition-based development of CCLG products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Xin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-Yun Yan
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
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Pereira-Caro G, Clifford MN, Polyviou T, Ludwig IA, Alfheeaid H, Moreno-Rojas JM, Garcia AL, Malkova D, Crozier A. Plasma pharmacokinetics of (poly)phenol metabolites and catabolites after ingestion of orange juice by endurance trained men. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:784-795. [PMID: 32927016 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of orange juice (OJ) consumption are attributed in part to the circulating flavanone phase II metabolites and their microbial-derived ring fission phenolic catabolites. The present study investigated these compounds in the bloodstream after acute intake of 500 mL of OJ. Plasma samples obtained at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 24 h after OJ intake were analysed by HPLC-HR-MS. Eleven flavanone metabolites and 36 phenolic catabolites were identified and quantified in plasma. The main metabolites were hesperetin-3'-sulfate with a peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 80 nmol/L, followed by hesperetin-7-glucuronide (Cmax 24 nmol/L), hesperetin-3'-glucuronide (Cmax 18 nmol/L) and naringenin-7-glucuronide (Cmax 21 nmol/L). Among the main phenolic catabolites to increase in plasma after OJ consumption were 3'-methoxycinnamic acid-4'-sulfate (Cmax 19 nmol/L), 3-hydroxy-3-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Cmax 20 nmol/L), 3-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Cmax 19 nmol/L), 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Cmax 25 nmol/L), and 3-(phenyl)propanoic acid (Cmax 19 nmol/L), as well as substantial amounts of phenylacetic and hippuric acids. The comprehensive plasma pharmacokinetic profiles that were obtained are of value to the design of future ex vivo cell studies, aimed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying the potential health benefits of OJ consumption. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02627547.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Food and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fishery Research and Training, IFAPA, Alameda Del Obispo, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, United Kingdom; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Thelma Polyviou
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Iziar A Ludwig
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Center for Applied Medicinal Research, University of Navarra, Avda. Pío XII 55, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hani Alfheeaid
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Food and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fishery Research and Training, IFAPA, Alameda Del Obispo, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ada L Garcia
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Dalia Malkova
- Human Nutrition, New Lister Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 10-16 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Alan Crozier
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK; United Kingdom and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Gong L, Wen T, Wang J. Role of the Microbiome in Mediating Health Effects of Dietary Components. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12820-12835. [PMID: 32131598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent observation and intervention studies suggest that the microbiota in the gut and oral cavity play important roles in host physiology, including disease development and progression. Of the many environmental factors involved, dietary components play a pivotal role in shaping the microbiota community and function, thus eliciting beneficial or detrimental consequences on host health. The microbiota affect human physiology by altering the chemical structures of dietary components, thus creating new biological properties and modifying their lifetime and bioavailability. This review will describe the causal mechanisms between the microbiota and some specific bacterial species and diet components providing health benefits and how this knowledge could be incorporated in dietary strategies for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Gong
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wen
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Koudoufio M, Desjardins Y, Feldman F, Spahis S, Delvin E, Levy E. Insight into Polyphenol and Gut Microbiota Crosstalk: Are Their Metabolites the Key to Understand Protective Effects against Metabolic Disorders? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E982. [PMID: 33066106 PMCID: PMC7601951 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, especially diet and nutrition, are currently regarded as essential avenues to decrease modern-day cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Many groups around the world attribute these trends, at least partially, to bioactive plant polyphenols given their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. In fact, polyphenols can prevent or reverse the progression of disease processes through many distinct mechanisms. In particular, the crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota, recently unveiled thanks to DNA-based tools and next generation sequencing, unravelled the central regulatory role of dietary polyphenols and their intestinal micro-ecology metabolites on the host energy metabolism and related illnesses. The objectives of this review are to: (1) provide an understanding of classification, structure, and bioavailability of dietary polyphenols; (2) underline their metabolism by gut microbiota; (3) highlight their prebiotic effects on microflora; (4) discuss the multifaceted roles of their metabolites in CMD while shedding light on the mechanisms of action; and (5) underscore their ability to initiate host epigenetic regulation. In sum, the review clearly documents whether dietary polyphenols and micro-ecology favorably interact to promote multiple physiological functions on human organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Koudoufio
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.K.); (F.F.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Francis Feldman
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.K.); (F.F.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.K.); (F.F.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.K.); (F.F.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.K.); (F.F.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Drosera tokaiensis extract containing multiple phenolic compounds inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end-products. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 693:108586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ellagic Acid-Derived Urolithins as Modulators of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5194508. [PMID: 32774676 PMCID: PMC7407063 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5194508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a state of excess of prooxidative species relative to the antioxidant defenses (enzymatic and nonenzymatic) in a living organism. The consequence of this imbalance is damage of the major cellular macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and DNA), which further leads to a gradual loss of tissue and organ function. It has been shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases (cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer) and in the process of aging. Thus, many strategies to combat oxidative stress have been proposed and tested. In this context, food rich in antioxidants has received great attention. Pomegranate, berries, and walnuts have been recognized as “superfood” particularly for their cardioprotective effects. The common characteristic of these foods is the high content of ellagitannins. Since tannins are not bioavailable, they have been neglected in nutrition science and even considered antinutrients for a long time. However, this view has changed dramatically once it was recognized that ellagic acid, released from ellagitannins in the gastrointestinal system, is further metabolized by colonic microbiota to bioavailable compounds—known as urolithins. Thus, urolithins (3,4-benzocoumarin derivatives) have emerged as novel natural bioactive compounds and are now the focus of extensive investigations. So far, urolithins were shown to be powerful modulators of oxidative stress and agents with potential anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiaging properties. Furthermore, a few synthetic derivatives of urolithins were recognized as lead compounds for new drug development. Available data on urolithin synthesis, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics, biological activity, and safety will be presented in this review.
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Urolithin A suppresses high glucose-induced neuronal amyloidogenesis by modulating TGM2-dependent ER-mitochondria contacts and calcium homeostasis. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:184-202. [PMID: 32704090 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is a causative factor for amyloidogenesis and induces neuropathological changes, such as impaired neuronal integrity, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment. Regulation of mitochondrial calcium influx from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is considered a promising strategy for the prevention of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) accumulation that occurs in the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated pathogenesis in DM patients. Among the metabolites of ellagitannins that are produced in the gut microbiome, urolithin A has received an increasing amount of attention as a novel candidate with anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects in AD. Here, we investigated the effect of urolithin A on high glucose-induced amyloidogenesis caused by mitochondrial calcium dysregulation and mtROS accumulation resulting in neuronal degeneration. We also identified the mechanism related to mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) formation. We found that urolithin A-lowered mitochondrial calcium influx significantly alleviated high glucose-induced mtROS accumulation and expression of amyloid beta (Aβ)-producing enzymes, such as amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-secretase-1 (BACE1), as well as Aβ production. Urolithin A injections in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model alleviated APP and BACE1 expressions, Tau phosphorylation, Aβ deposition, and cognitive impairment. In addition, high glucose stimulated MAM formation and transglutaminase type 2 (TGM2) expression. We first discovered that urolithin A significantly reduced high glucose-induced TGM2 expression. In addition, disruption of the AIP-AhR complex was involved in urolithin A-mediated suppression of high glucose-induced TGM2 expression. Markedly, TGM2 silencing inhibited inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP3R1)-voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) interactions and prevented high glucose-induced mitochondrial calcium influx and mtROS accumulation. We also found that urolithin A or TGM2 silencing prevented Aβ-induced mitochondrial calcium influx, mtROS accumulation, Tau phosphorylation, and cell death in neuronal cells. In conclusion, we suggest that urolithin A is a promising candidate for the development of therapies to prevent DM-associated AD pathogenesis by reducing TGM2-dependent MAM formation and maintaining mitochondrial calcium and ROS homeostasis.
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