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Widmaier M, Kaiser A, Baup S, Wenz D, Pierzchala K, Xiao Y, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Xin L. Fast 3D 31P B 1 + mapping with a weighted stack of spiral trajectory at 7 Tesla. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2406.18426v1. [PMID: 38979490 PMCID: PMC11230352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (31P MRS) enables non-invasive assessment of energy metabolism, yet its application is hindered by sensitivity limitations. To overcome this, often high magnetic fields are used, leading to challenges such as spatialB 1 + inhomogeneity and therefore the need for accurate flip angle determination in accelerated acquisitions with short repetition timesT R ) . In response to these challenges, we propose a novel shortT R and look-up table-based Double-Angle Method for fast 3D 31PB 1 + mapping (fDAM). Methods Our method incorporates 3D weighted stack of spiral gradient echo acquisitions and a frequency-selective pulse to enable efficientB 1 + mapping based on the phosphocreatine signal at 7T. Protocols were optimised using simulations and validated through phantom experiments. The method was validated in phantom experiments and skeletal muscle applications using a birdcage 1H/31P volume coil. Results The results of fDAM were compared to the classical DAM (cDAM). A good correlation (r=0.94) was obtained between the twoB 1 + maps. A 3D 31PB 1 + mapping in the human calf muscle was achieved in about 10 min using a birdcage volume coil, with a 20% extended coverage relative to that of the cDAM (24 min). fDAM also enabled the first full brain coverage 31P 3DB 1 + mapping in approx. 10 min using a 1 Tx/ 32 Rx coil. Conclusion fDAM is an efficient method for 31P 3DB 1 + mapping, showing promise for future applications in rapid 31P MRSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Widmaier
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of functional and metabolic imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Kaiser
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salome Baup
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Wenz
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Pierzchala
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ying Xiao
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of functional and metabolic imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lijing Xin
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Guo R, Yang S, Wiesner HM, Li Y, Zhao Y, Liang ZP, Chen W, Zhu XH. Mapping intracellular NAD content in entire human brain using phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopic imaging at 7 Tesla. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1389111. [PMID: 38911598 PMCID: PMC11190064 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1389111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a crucial molecule in cellular metabolism and signaling. Mapping intracellular NAD content of human brain has long been of interest. However, the sub-millimolar level of cerebral NAD concentration poses significant challenges for in vivo measurement and imaging. Methods In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of non-invasively mapping NAD contents in entire human brain by employing a phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (31P-MRSI)-based NAD assay at ultrahigh field (7 Tesla), in combination with a probabilistic subspace-based processing method. Results The processing method achieved about a 10-fold reduction in noise over raw measurements, resulting in remarkably reduced estimation errors of NAD. Quantified NAD levels, observed at approximately 0.4 mM, exhibited good reproducibility within repeated scans on the same subject and good consistency across subjects in group data (2.3 cc nominal resolution). One set of higher-resolution data (1.0 cc nominal resolution) unveiled potential for assessing tissue metabolic heterogeneity, showing similar NAD distributions in white and gray matter. Preliminary analysis of age dependence suggested that the NAD level decreases with age. Discussion These results illustrate favorable outcomes of our first attempt to use ultrahigh field 31P-MRSI and advanced processing techniques to generate a whole-brain map of low-concentration intracellular NAD content in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Guo
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Shaolin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hannes M. Wiesner
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Yudu Li
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yibo Zhao
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Zhi-Pei Liang
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Franke VL, Breitling J, Boyd PS, Feignier A, Bangert R, Weckesser N, Schlemmer HP, Ladd ME, Bachert P, Paech D, Korzowski A. A versatile look-up algorithm for mapping pH values and magnesium ion content using 31P MRSI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5113. [PMID: 38316107 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
31P MRSI allows for the non-invasive mapping of pH and magnesium ion content (Mg) in vivo, by translating the chemical shifts of inorganic phosphate and adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) to pH and Mg via suitable calibration equations, such as the modified Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. However, the required constants in these calibration equations are typically only determined for physiological conditions, posing a particular challenge for their application to diseased tissue, where the biochemical conditions might change manyfold. In this article, we propose a multi-parametric look-up algorithm aiming at the condition-independent determination of pH and Mg by employing multiple quantifiable 31P spectral properties simultaneously. To generate entries for an initial look-up table, measurements from 114 model solutions prepared with varying chemical properties were made at 9.4 T. The number of look-up table entries was increased by inter- and extrapolation using a multi-dimensional function developed based on the Hill equation. The assignment of biochemical parameters, that is, pH and Mg, is realized using probability distributions incorporating specific measurement uncertainties on the quantified spectral parameters, allowing for an estimation of most plausible output values. As proof of concept, we applied a version of the look-up algorithm employing only the chemical shifts of γ- and β-ATP for the determination of pH and Mg to in vivo 3D 31P MRSI data acquired at 7 T from (i) the lower leg muscles of healthy volunteers and (ii) the brains of patients with glioblastoma. The resulting volumetric maps showed plausible values for pH and Mg, partly revealing differences from maps generated using the conventional calibration equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Franke
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Breitling
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philip S Boyd
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antoine Feignier
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renate Bangert
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Weckesser
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Bachert
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Paech
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Korzowski
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Prasuhn J, Schiefen T, Güber T, Henkel J, Uter J, Steinhardt J, Wilms B, Brüggemann N. Levodopa Impairs the Energy Metabolism of the Basal Ganglia In Vivo. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:849-857. [PMID: 38366778 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One proposed mechanism of disease progression in Parkinson's disease includes the interplay of endogenous dopamine toxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the in-vivo effects of exogenous dopamine administration on cerebral bioenergetics are unknown. METHODS We performed a double-blinded, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial. Participants received either 200/50 mg levodopa/benserazide or a placebo and vice versa on the second study visit. Clinical assessments and multimodal neuroimaging were performed, including 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the basal ganglia and the midbrain. RESULTS In total, 20 (6 female) patients with Parkinson's disease and 22 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (10 female) were enrolled. Treatment with levodopa/benserazide but not with placebo resulted in a substantial reduction of high-energy phosphorus-containing metabolites in the basal ganglia (patients with Parkinson's disease: -40%; healthy controls: -39%) but not in the midbrain. There were no differences in high-energy phosphorus-containing metabolites for patients with Parkinson's disease compared to healthy controls in the OFF state and treatment response. INTERPRETATION Exogenously administered levodopa/benserazide strongly interferes with basal ganglia high-energy phosphorus-containing metabolite levels in both groups. The lack of effects on midbrain levels suggests that the observed changes are limited to the site of dopamine action. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:849-857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Prasuhn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanja Schiefen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Theresia Güber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Henkel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Uter
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Steinhardt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Britta Wilms
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Chan KL, Panatpur A, Messahel S, Dahshi H, Johnson T, Henning A, Ren J, Minassian BA. 1H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals potential pathogenic and biomarker metabolite alterations in Lafora disease. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae104. [PMID: 38585668 PMCID: PMC10998360 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lafora disease is a fatal teenage-onset progressive myoclonus epilepsy and neurodegenerative disease associated with polyglucosan bodies. Polyglucosans are long-branched and as a result precipitation- and aggregation-prone glycogen. In mouse models, downregulation of glycogen synthase, the enzyme that elongates glycogen branches, prevents polyglucosan formation and rescues Lafora disease. Mouse work, however, has not yet revealed the mechanisms of polyglucosan generation, and few in vivo human studies have been performed. Here, non-invasive in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 31P) was applied to test scan feasibility and assess neurotransmitter balance and energy metabolism in Lafora disease towards a better understanding of pathogenesis. Macromolecule-suppressed gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-edited 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 and 7 tesla, respectively, were performed in 4 Lafora disease patients and a total of 21 healthy controls (12 for the 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 9 for the 31PMRS). Spectra were processed using in-house software and fit to extract metabolite concentrations. From the 1H spectra, we found 33% lower GABA concentrations (P = 0.013), 34% higher glutamate + glutamine concentrations (P = 0.011) and 24% lower N-acetylaspartate concentrations (P = 0.0043) in Lafora disease patients compared with controls. From the 31P spectra, we found 34% higher phosphoethanolamine concentrations (P = 0.016), 23% lower nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations (P = 0.003), 50% higher uridine diphosphate glucose concentrations (P = 0.004) and 225% higher glucose 6-phosphate concentrations in Lafora disease patients versus controls (P = 0.004). Uridine diphosphate glucose is the substrate of glycogen synthase, and glucose 6-phosphate is its extremely potent allosteric activator. The observed elevated uridine diphosphate glucose and glucose 6-phosphate levels are expected to hyperactivate glycogen synthase and may underlie the generation of polyglucosans in Lafora disease. The increased glutamate + glutamine and reduced GABA indicate altered neurotransmission and energy metabolism, which may contribute to the disease's intractable epilepsy. These results suggest a possible basis of polyglucosan formation and potential contributions to the epilepsy of Lafora disease. If confirmed in larger human and animal model studies, measurements of the dysregulated metabolites by magnetic resonance spectroscopy could be developed into non-invasive biomarkers for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Chan
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aparna Panatpur
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Souad Messahel
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hamza Dahshi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Talon Johnson
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Anke Henning
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Berge A Minassian
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Zhang Y, Quan Z, Lou F, Fang Y, Thompson GJ, Chen G, Zhang X. A proton birdcage coil integrated with interchangeable single loops for multi-nuclear MRI/MRS. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:168-180. [PMID: 38303499 PMCID: PMC10835210 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Energy metabolism is fundamental for life. It encompasses the utilization of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins for internal processes, while aberrant energy metabolism is implicated in many diseases. In the present study, using three-dimensional (3D) printing from polycarbonate via fused deposition modeling, we propose a multi-nuclear radiofrequency (RF) coil design with integrated 1H birdcage and interchangeable X-nuclei (2H, 13C, 23Na, and 31P) single-loop coils for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The single-loop coil for each nucleus attaches to an arc bracket that slides unrestrictedly along the birdcage coil inner surface, enabling convenient switching among various nuclei and animal handling. Compared to a commercial 1H birdcage coil, the proposed 1H birdcage coil exhibited superior signal-excitation homogeneity and imaging signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For X-nuclei study, prominent peaks in spectroscopy for phantom solutions showed excellent SNR, and the static and dynamic peaks of in vivo spectroscopy validated the efficacy of the coil design in structural imaging and energy metabolism detection simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiyan Quan
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Feiyang Lou
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Yujiao Fang
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Garth J Thompson
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China. ,
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, China. ,
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. ,
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. ,
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China. ,
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. ,
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Quan Z, Yang Z, Tang X, Fu C, Zhou X, Huang L, Xia L, Zhang X. A double-tuned 1 H/ 31 P coil for rabbit heart metabolism detection at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5049. [PMID: 37767723 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) employing proton nuclear resonance has emerged as a pivotal modality in clinical diagnostics and fundamental research. Nonetheless, the scope of MRI/MRS extends beyond protons, encompassing nonproton nuclei that offer enhanced metabolic insights. A notable example is phosphorus-31 (31 P) MRS, which provides valuable information on energy metabolites within the skeletal muscle and cardiac tissues of individuals affected by diabetes. This study introduces a novel double-tuned coil tailored for 1 H and 31 P frequencies, specifically designed for investigating cardiac metabolism in rabbits. The proposed coil design incorporates a butterfly-like coil for 31 P transmission, a four-channel array for 31 P reception, and an eight-channel array for 1 H reception, all strategically arranged on a body-conformal elliptic cylinder. To assess the performance of the double-tuned coil, a comprehensive evaluation encompassing simulations and experimental investigations was conducted. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed 31 P transmit design achieved acceptable homogeneity and exhibited comparable transmit efficiency on par with a band-pass birdcage coil. In vivo experiments further substantiated the coil's efficacy, revealing that the rabbit with experimentally induced diabetes exhibited a lower phosphocreatine/adenosine triphosphate ratio compared with its normal counterpart. These findings emphasize the potential of the proposed coil design as a promising tool for investigating the therapeutic effects of novel diabetes drugs within the context of animal experimentation. Its capability to provide detailed metabolic information establishes it as an indispensable asset within this realm of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Quan
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocui Tang
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Fu
- Application Developments, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhou
- Siemens Healthineers Digital Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Xia
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Ren J, Rodriguez L, Johnson T, Henning A, Dhaher YY. 17β-Estradiol Effects in Skeletal Muscle: A 31P MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) Study of Young Females during Early Follicular (EF) and Peri-Ovulation (PO) Phases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:235. [PMID: 38337751 PMCID: PMC10854839 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural variation in estrogen secretion throughout the female menstrual cycle impacts various organs, including estrogen receptor (ER)-expressed skeletal muscle. Many women commonly experience increased fatigue or reduced energy levels in the days leading up to and during menstruation, when blood estrogen levels decline. Yet, it remains unclear whether endogenous 17β-estradiol, a major estrogen component, directly affects the energy metabolism in skeletal muscle due to the intricate and fluctuating nature of female hormones. In this study, we employed 2D 31P FID-MRSI at 7T to investigate phosphoryl metabolites in the soleus muscle of a cohort of young females (average age: 28 ± 6 years, n = 7) during the early follicular (EF) and peri-ovulation (PO) phases, when their blood 17β-estradiol levels differ significantly (EF: 28 ± 18 pg/mL vs. PO: 71 ± 30 pg/mL, p < 0.05), while the levels of other potentially interfering hormones remain relatively invariant. Our findings reveal a reduction in ATP-referenced phosphocreatine (PCr) levels in the EF phase compared to the PO phase for all participants (5.4 ± 4.3%). Furthermore, we observe a linear correlation between muscle PCr levels and blood 17β-estradiol concentrations (r = 0.64, p = 0.014). Conversely, inorganic phosphate Pi and phospholipid metabolite GPC levels remain independent of 17β-estradiol but display a high correlation between the EF and PO phases (p = 0.015 for Pi and p = 0.0008 for GPC). The robust association we have identified between ATP-referenced PCr and 17β-estradiol suggests that 17β-estradiol plays a modulatory role in the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Luis Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Talon Johnson
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Anke Henning
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yasin Y. Dhaher
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Widmaier M, Lim SI, Wenz D, Xin L. Fast in vivo assay of creatine kinase activity in the human brain by 31 P magnetic resonance fingerprinting. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4998. [PMID: 37424110 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A new and efficient magnetisation transfer 31 P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MT-31 P-MRF) approach is introduced to measure the creatine kinase metabolic ratek CK between phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human brain. The MRF framework is extended to overcome challenges in conventional 31 P measurement methods in the human brain, enabling reduced acquisition time and specific absorption rate (SAR). To address the challenge of creating and matching large multiparametric dictionaries in an MRF scheme, a nested iteration interpolation method (NIIM) is introduced. As the number of parameters to estimate increases, the size of the dictionary grows exponentially. NIIM can reduce the computational load by breaking dictionary matching into subsolutions of linear computational order. MT-31 P-MRF combined with NIIM providesT 1 PCr ,T 1 ATP andk CK estimates in good agreement with those obtained by the exchange kinetics by band inversion transfer (EBIT) method and literature values. Furthermore, the test-retest reproducibility results showed that MT-31 P-MRF achieves a similar or better coefficient of variation (<12%) forT 1 ATP andk CK measurements in 4 min 15 s, than EBIT with 17 min 4 s scan time, enabling a fourfold reduction in scan time. We conclude that MT-31 P-MRF in combination with NIIM is a fast, accurate, and reproducible approach for in vivok CK assays in the human brain, which enables the potential to investigate energy metabolism in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Widmaier
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Song-I Lim
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Wenz
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lijing Xin
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Lopez FV, O’Shea A, Rosenberg JT, Leeuwenburgh C, Anton S, Bowers D, Woods AJ. Frontal adenosine triphosphate markers from 31P MRS are associated with cognitive performance in healthy older adults: preliminary findings. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1180994. [PMID: 37614473 PMCID: PMC10442546 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1180994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with declines in mitochondrial efficiency and energy production which directly impacts the availability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which contains high energy phosphates critical for a variety of cellular functions. Previous phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) studies demonstrate cerebral ATP declines with age. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional relationships of frontal and posterior ATP levels with cognition in healthy aging. Here, we measured frontal and posterior ATP levels using 31P MRS at 3 Tesla (3 T) and assessed cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in 30 healthy older adults. We found that greater frontal, but not posterior, ATP levels were significantly associated with better MoCA performance. This relationship remained significant after controlling for age, sex, years of education, and brain atrophy. In conclusion, our findings indicate that cognition is related to ATP in the frontal cortex. These preliminary findings may have important implications in the search for non-invasive markers of in vivo mitochondrial function and the impact of ATP availability on cognition. Future studies are needed to confirm the functional significance of regional ATP and cognition across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca V. Lopez
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andrew O’Shea
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jens T. Rosenberg
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- College of Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- College of Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Dawn Bowers
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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11
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Hong SM, Choi CH, Shah NJ, Felder J. Design of a Folded, Double-Tuned Loop Coil for ¹H/X-Nuclei MRI Applications. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 42:1424-1430. [PMID: 37015697 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2022.3228305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
MR measurement using a combination of X-nuclei and proton MRI is of great interest as the information provided by the two nuclei is highly complementary, with the X-nuclei signal giving metabolic data relating to potential biomarkers and the proton signal affording anatomical details. Due to the relatively weak signal obtained from X-nuclei, combining an X-nuclei coil with a proton coil is also advantageous for [Formula: see text] shimming and scout images. One approach to building a double-resonant coil is to modify the coil geometry. Here, to achieve double-resonance, a 2× 1 ladder network was designed and tuned at both proton and X-nuclei frequencies successfully. Due to coupling between closed wires, the double-tuned coil generates a shifted transmit efficiency pattern compared to that of the single-tuned loop at the 7T MRI proton frequency. To compensate for the shifted pattern, one part of the 2× 1 ladder network was folded, and the tuning and performance of the folded double-tuned coil were evaluated in simulations and MR measurements. The proposed structure was further evaluated with overlapped decoupling in a receive-only array. The results show that our proposed folded double-tuned coil moderated the shifted pattern of a straight double-tuned loop coil and provided minimum losses at both proton and X-nuclei frequencies. The proposed folded double-tuned loop coil has also been further extended to a receive-only array.
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12
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Jennings ML. Role of transporters in regulating mammalian intracellular inorganic phosphate. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163442. [PMID: 37063296 PMCID: PMC10097972 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of plasma membrane transporters in regulating intracellular inorganic phosphate ([Pi]In) in mammals. Pi influx is mediated by SLC34 and SLC20 Na+-Pi cotransporters. In non-epithelial cells other than erythrocytes, Pi influx via SLC20 transporters PiT1 and/or PiT2 is balanced by efflux through XPR1 (xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1). Two new pathways for mammalian Pi transport regulation have been described recently: 1) in the presence of adequate Pi, cells continuously internalize and degrade PiT1. Pi starvation causes recycling of PiT1 from early endosomes to the plasma membrane and thereby increases the capacity for Pi influx; and 2) binding of inositol pyrophosphate InsP8 to the SPX domain of XPR1 increases Pi efflux. InsP8 is degraded by a phosphatase that is strongly inhibited by Pi. Therefore, an increase in [Pi]In decreases InsP8 degradation, increases InsP8 binding to SPX, and increases Pi efflux, completing a feedback loop for [Pi]In homeostasis. Published data on [Pi]In by magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the steady state [Pi]In of skeletal muscle, heart, and brain is normally in the range of 1–5 mM, but it is not yet known whether PiT1 recycling or XPR1 activation by InsP8 contributes to Pi homeostasis in these organs. Data on [Pi]In in cultured cells are variable and suggest that some cells can regulate [Pi] better than others, following a change in [Pi]Ex. More measurements of [Pi]In, influx, and efflux are needed to determine how closely, and how rapidly, mammalian [Pi]In is regulated during either hyper- or hypophosphatemia.
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Distelmaier F, Klopstock T. Neuroimaging in mitochondrial disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 194:173-185. [PMID: 36813312 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821751-1.00016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The anatomic complexity of the brain in combination with its high energy demands makes this organ specifically vulnerable to defects of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, neurodegeneration is a hallmark of mitochondrial diseases. The nervous system of affected individuals typically shows selective regional vulnerability leading to distinct patterns of tissue damage. A classic example is Leigh syndrome, which causes symmetric alterations of basal ganglia and brain stem. Leigh syndrome can be caused by different genetic defects (>75 known disease genes) with variable disease onset ranging from infancy to adulthood. Other mitochondrial diseases are characterized by focal brain lesions, which is a core feature of MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). Apart from gray matter, also white matter can be affected by mitochondrial dysfunction. White matter lesions vary depending on the underlying genetic defect and may progress into cystic cavities. In view of the recognizable patterns of brain damage in mitochondrial diseases, neuroimaging techniques play a key role in diagnostic work-up. In the clinical setting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) are the mainstay of diagnostic work-up. Apart from visualization of brain anatomy, MRS allows the detection of metabolites such as lactate, which is of specific interest in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it is important to note that findings like symmetric basal ganglia lesions on MRI or a lactate peak on MRS are not specific, and that there is a broad range of disorders that can mimic mitochondrial diseases on neuroimaging. In this chapter, we will review the spectrum of neuroimaging findings in mitochondrial diseases and discuss important differential diagnoses. Moreover, we will give an outlook on novel biomedical imaging tools that may provide interesting insights into mitochondrial disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; German Network for mitochondrial disorders (mitoNET), Munich, Germany
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14
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Ren J, Yu F, Greenberg BM. ATP line splitting in association with reduced intracellular magnesium and pH: a brain 31 P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) study of pediatric patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders (MOGADs). NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4836. [PMID: 36150743 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the past four decades, ATP, the obligatory energy molecule for keeping all cells alive and functioning, has been thought to contribute only one set of signals in brain 31 P MR spectra. Here we report for the first time the observation of two separate β-ATP peaks in brain spectra acquired from patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders (MOGADs) using 3D MRSI at 7 T. In voxel spectra with β-ATP line splitting, these two peaks are separated by 0.46 ± 0.18 ppm (n = 6). Spectral lineshape analysis indicates that the upper field β-ATP peak is smaller in relative intensity (24 ± 11% versus 76 ± 11%), and narrower in linewidth (56.8 ± 10.3 versus 41.2 ± 10.3 Hz) than the downfield one. Data analysis also reveals a similar line splitting for the intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi ) signal, which is characterized by two components with a smaller separation (0.16 ± 0.09 ppm) and an intensity ratio (26 ± 7%:74 ± 7%) comparable to that of β-ATP. While the major components of Pi and β-ATP correspond to a neutral intracellular pH (6.99 ± 0.01) and a free Mg2+ level (0.18 ± 0.02 mM, by Iotti's conversion formula) as found in healthy subjects, their minor counterparts relate to a slightly acidic pH (6.86 ± 0.07) and a 50% lower [Mg2+ ] (0.09 ± 0.02 mM), respectively. Data correlation between β-ATP and Pi signals appears to suggest an association between an increased [H+ ] and a reduced [Mg2+ ] in MOGAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin M Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Hong S, Shen J. Magnetic Field Dependence of Spectral Correlations between 31P-Containing Metabolites in Brain. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020211. [PMID: 36837829 PMCID: PMC9967573 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spectral correlations between metabolites in 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) spectra of human brain were compared at 3 and 7 Tesla, the two commonly used magnetic field strengths for clinical research. It was found that at both field strengths, there are significant correlations between 31P-containing metabolites arising from spectral overlap, and their downfield correlations are markedly altered by the background spectral baseline. Overall, the spectral correlations between 31P-containing metabolites are markedly reduced at 7 Tesla with the increased chemical shift dispersion and the decreased membrane phospholipid signal. The findings provide the quantitative landscape of pre-existing correlations in 31P MRS spectra due to overlapping signals. Detailed procedures for quantifying the pre-existing correlations between 31P-containing metabolites are presented to facilitate incorporation of spectral correlations into statistical modeling in clinical correlation studies.
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16
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Jardim-Perassi BV, Irrera P, Lau JYC, Budzevich M, Whelan CJ, Abrahams D, Ruiz E, Ibrahim-Hashim A, Damgaci Erturk S, Longo DL, Pilon-Thomas SA, Gillies RJ. Intraperitoneal Delivery of Iopamidol to Assess Extracellular pH of Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Model by CEST-MRI. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2023; 2023:1944970. [PMID: 36704211 PMCID: PMC9836819 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1944970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular pH (pHe) of solid tumors is often acidic, as a consequence of the Warburg effect, and an altered metabolic state is often associated with malignancy. It has been shown that acidosis can promote tumor progression; thus, many therapeutic strategies have been adopted against tumor metabolism; one of these involves alkalinization therapies to raise tumor pH to inhibit tumor progression, improve immune surveillance, and overcome resistance to chemotherapies. Chemical exchange saturation transfer-magnetic resonance imaging (CEST-MRI) is a noninvasive technique that can measure pH in vivo using pH-sensitive contrast agents. Iopamidol, an iodinated contrast agent, clinically used for computed tomography (CT), contains amide group protons with pH-dependent exchange rates that can reveal the pHe of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we optimized intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of iopamidol to facilitate longitudinal assessments of orthotopic pancreatic tumor pHe by CEST-MRI. Following IV-infusion and IP-bolus injections, we compared the two protocols for assessing tumor pH. Time-resolved CT imaging was used to evaluate the uptake of iopamidol in the tumor, revealing that IP-bolus delivered a high amount of contrast agent 40 min postinjection, which was similar to the amounts reached with the IV-infusion protocol. As expected, both IP and IV injection protocols produced comparable measurements of tumor pHe, showing no statistically significant difference between groups (p=0.16). In addition, we showed the ability to conduct longitudinal monitoring of tumor pHe using CEST-MRI with the IP injection protocol, revealing a statistically significant increase in tumor pHe following bicarbonate administration (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study shows the capability to measure pHe using an IP delivery of iopamidol into orthotopic pancreatic tumors, which is important to conduct longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pietro Irrera
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Justin Y. C. Lau
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mikalai Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Christopher J. Whelan
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Epifanio Ruiz
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Arig Ibrahim-Hashim
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sultan Damgaci Erturk
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Shari A. Pilon-Thomas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert J. Gillies
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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Songeon J, Courvoisier S, Xin L, Agius T, Dabrowski O, Longchamp A, Lazeyras F, Klauser A. In vivo magnetic resonance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>31</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> P-Spectral Analysis With Neural Networks: 31P-SPAWNN. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:40-53. [PMID: 36161342 PMCID: PMC9828468 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have introduced an artificial intelligence framework, 31P-SPAWNN, in order to fully analyze phosphorus-31 ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>31</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {}^{31} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> P) magnetic resonance spectra. The flexibility and speed of the technique rival traditional least-square fitting methods, with the performance of the two approaches, are compared in this work. THEORY AND METHODS Convolutional neural network architectures have been proposed for the analysis and quantification of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>31</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {}^{31} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> P-spectroscopy. The generation of training and test data using a fully parameterized model is presented herein. In vivo unlocalized free induction decay and three-dimensional <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>31</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {}^{31} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging data were acquired from healthy volunteers before being quantified using either 31P-SPAWNN or traditional least-square fitting techniques. RESULTS The presented experiment has demonstrated both the reliability and accuracy of 31P-SPAWNN for estimating metabolite concentrations and spectral parameters. Simulated test data showed improved quantification using 31P-SPAWNN compared with LCModel. In vivo data analysis revealed higher accuracy at low signal-to-noise ratio using 31P-SPAWNN, yet with equivalent precision. Processing time using 31P-SPAWNN can be further shortened up to two orders of magnitude. CONCLUSION The accuracy, reliability, and computational speed of the method open new perspectives for integrating these applications in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Songeon
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Sébastien Courvoisier
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland,CIBM Center for Biomedical ImagingGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Lijing Xin
- CIBM Center for Biomedical ImagingGenevaSwitzerland,Animal Imaging and TechnologyEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Thomas Agius
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Oscar Dabrowski
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - François Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland,CIBM Center for Biomedical ImagingGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Antoine Klauser
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland,CIBM Center for Biomedical ImagingGenevaSwitzerland
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18
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Prasuhn J, Göttlich M, Ebeling B, Kourou S, Gerkan F, Bodemann C, Großer SS, Reuther K, Hanssen H, Brüggemann N. Assessment of Bioenergetic Deficits in Patients With Parkinson Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Using 31P-MRSI. Neurology 2022; 99:e2683-e2692. [PMID: 36195453 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Bioenergetic disturbance, mainly caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, is an established pathophysiologic phenomenon in neurodegenerative movement disorders. The in vivo assessment of brain energy metabolism by 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging could provide pathophysiologic insights and serve in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. In this study, we investigated such aspects of the underlying pathophysiology in patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease (PwPD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PwPSP). METHODS In total, 30 PwPD, 16 PwPSP, and 25 healthy control subjects (HCs) underwent a clinical examination, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging of the forebrain and basal ganglia in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS High-energy phosphate metabolites were remarkably decreased in PwPD, particularly in the basal ganglia (-42% compared with HCs and -43% compared with PwPSP, p < 0.0001). This result was not confounded by morphometric brain differences. By contrast, PwPSP had normal levels of high-energy energy metabolites. Thus, the combination of morphometric and metabolic neuroimaging was able to discriminate PwPD from PwPSP with an accuracy of up to 0.93 [95%-CI: 0.91-0.94]. DISCUSSION Our study shows that mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic depletion contribute to idiopathic Parkinson disease pathophysiology but not to progressive supranuclear palsy. Combined morphometric and metabolic imaging could serve as an accompanying diagnostic biomarker in the neuroimaging-guided differential diagnosis of these parkinsonian disorders. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging combined with morphometric MRI can differentiate PwPD from PwPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Prasuhn
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Martin Göttlich
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Britt Ebeling
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Sofia Kourou
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Friederike Gerkan
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Christina Bodemann
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Sinja S Großer
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Katharina Reuther
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Henrike Hanssen
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- From the Institute of Neurogenetics (J.P., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.) and Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University of Lübeck, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.P., M.G., B.E., S.K., F.G., C.B., S.S.G., K.R., H.H., N.B.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
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19
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Weis J, Jafar M, Liss P. Phosphorus MRS of healthy human spleen. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4779. [PMID: 35642280 PMCID: PMC9540626 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (31 P-) MRS in vivo enables detection and quantification of important phosphorus-containing metabolites in biological tissues. 31 P-MRS of the normal spleen is challenging due to the relatively small volume and the larger distance between the spleen and surface coil. However, reference spectra of the healthy spleen are invaluable in studies of splenic malignancies and benign causes of splenomegaly, as well as in the study of its physiology. The purpose of this work was to investigate the feasibility of localized 31 P-MRS of healthy spleen in situ in a clinically acceptable measurement time using a clinical 3 T MR scanner. In this work, 31 P spectra of five healthy volunteers were measured using single-voxel image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS). The measurement sequence was augmented by broadband proton decoupling and nuclear Overhauser effect enhancement. It is demonstrated that localized 31 P-MRS of the spleen in situ using single-voxel ISIS is feasible on a clinical 3 T scanner in a clinically acceptable acquisition time. However, results have to be corrected for the transmitter excitation profile, and chemical shift displacement errors need to be taken into consideration during placement of the volume of interest. Results presented here could be used as a reference in future studies of splenomegaly caused by haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Weis
- Department of Medical PhysicsUppsala University HospitalUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Per Liss
- Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity HospitalUppsalaSweden
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20
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Dorst J, Borbath T, Ruhm L, Henning A. Phosphorus transversal relaxation times and metabolite concentrations in the human brain at 9.4 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4776. [PMID: 35607903 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A method to estimate phosphorus (31 P) transversal relaxation times (T2 s) of coupled spin systems is demonstrated. Additionally, intracellular and extracellular pH and relaxation-corrected metabolite concentrations are reported. Echo time (TE) series of 31 P metabolite spectra were acquired using stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localization. Spectra were fitted using LCModel with accurately modeled Versatile Simulation, Pulses and Analysis (VeSPA) basis sets accounting for J-evolution of the coupled spin systems. T2 s were estimated by fitting a single exponential two-parameter model across the TE series. Fitted inorganic phosphate frequencies were used to calculate pH, and estimated relaxation times were used to determine the relaxation-corrected brain metabolite concentrations on an assumption of 3 mM γ-ATP. The method was demonstrated in healthy human brain at a field strength of 9.4 T. T2 times of ATP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) were shortest between 8 and 20 ms, followed by T2 s of inorganic phosphate between 25 and 50 ms, and phosphocreatine with a T2 of 100 ms. Phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters had the longest T2 s of about 130 ms. The measured T2 s are comparable with literature values and fit in a decreasing trend with increasing field strengths. Calculated pHs and metabolite concentrations are also comparable with literature values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dorst
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience (IMPRS), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamas Borbath
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Loreen Ruhm
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience (IMPRS), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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21
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Shaul D, Grieb B, Lev‐Cohain N, Sosna J, Gomori JM, Katz‐Brull R. Accumulation of 3-aminopropylphosphonate in the ex vivo brain observed by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4721. [PMID: 35229366 PMCID: PMC9540894 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
3-aminopropylphosphonate (3-APP) is known for its use as an exogenous indicator of extracellular volume and pH in phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31 P NMR) studies. We used 3-APP for estimating the extracellular volume in NMR studies of several ex vivo preparations including retrograde perfused mouse heart (n = 4), mouse liver slices (n = 2), xenograft breast cancer tumors (n = 7, MCF7), and rat brain slices (n = 4). In the former three preparations, the 3-APP signal was stable in lineshape and intensity for hours and the chemical shift of the signal in the presence of the biological sample was the same as in the perfusion medium without the biological sample. However, in studies of brain slices, the 3-APP signal appeared split into two, with an upfield component (0.7 ± 0.1 ppm to the left) increasing with time and showing a wider linewidth (66.7 ± 12.6 vs. 39.1 ± 7.6 Hz, the latter is of the perfusion medium signal). This finding suggests that 3-APP inadvertently accumulated in brain slices, most likely as a membrane bound form. This observation limits the use of 3-APP as an inert biochemical indicator in brain preparations and should be taken into account when using 3-APP in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Shaul
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
- The Wohl Institute for Translational MedicineJerusalemIsrael
| | - Benjamin Grieb
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie I (Weissenau), ZfP SuedwuerttembergUlm UniversityRavensburgGermany
| | - Naama Lev‐Cohain
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
| | - Jacob Sosna
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
| | - J. Moshe Gomori
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical CenterHebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of MedicineJerusalemIsrael
- The Wohl Institute for Translational MedicineJerusalemIsrael
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22
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Shaffer A, Kwok SS, Naik A, Anderson AT, Lam F, Wszalek T, Arnold PM, Hassaneen W. Ultra-High-Field MRI in the Diagnosis and Management of Gliomas: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:857825. [PMID: 35449515 PMCID: PMC9016277 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.857825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: Gliomas, tumors of the central nervous system, are classically diagnosed through invasive surgical biopsy and subsequent histopathological study. Innovations in ultra-high field (UHF) imaging, namely 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (7T MRI) are advancing preoperative tumor grading, visualization of intratumoral structures, and appreciation of small brain structures and lesions. Objective Summarize current innovative uses of UHF imaging techniques in glioma diagnostics and treatment. Methods A systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines was performed utilizing PubMed. Case reports and series, observational clinical trials, and randomized clinical trials written in English were included. After removing unrelated studies and those with non-human subjects, only those related to 7T MRI were independently reviewed and summarized for data extraction. Some preclinical animal models are briefly described to demonstrate future usages of ultra-high-field imaging. Results We reviewed 46 studies (43 human and 3 animal models) which reported clinical usages of UHF MRI in the diagnosis and management of gliomas. Current literature generally supports greater resolution imaging from 7T compared to 1.5T or 3T MRI, improving visualization of cerebral microbleeds and white and gray matter, and providing more precise localization for radiotherapy targeting. Additionally, studies found that diffusion or susceptibility-weighted imaging techniques applied to 7T MRI, may be used to predict tumor grade, reveal intratumoral structures such as neovasculature and microstructures like axons, and indicate isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation status in preoperative imaging. Similarly, newer imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging can be performed on 7T MRI to predict tumor grading and treatment efficacy. Geometrical distortion, a known challenge of 7T MRI, was at a tolerable level in all included studies. Conclusion UHF imaging has the potential to preoperatively and non-invasively grade gliomas, provide precise therapy target areas, and visualize lesions not seen on conventional MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Shaffer
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Susanna S Kwok
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Anant Naik
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Aaron T Anderson
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Carle Illinois Advanced Imaging Center, University of Illinois and Carle Health, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Fan Lam
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Tracey Wszalek
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Carle Illinois Advanced Imaging Center, University of Illinois and Carle Health, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Paul M Arnold
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Carle Department of Neurosurgery, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Wael Hassaneen
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.,Carle Department of Neurosurgery, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, United States
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23
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Kracíková L, Ziółkowska N, Androvič L, Klimánková I, Červený D, Vít M, Pompach P, Konefał R, Janoušková O, Hrubý M, Jirák D, Laga R. Phosphorus-containing Polymeric Zwitterion: A Pioneering Bioresponsive Probe for 31 P-Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100523. [PMID: 35246950 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
31 P-magnetic resonance (MR) is an important diagnostic technique currently used for tissue metabolites assessing, but it also has great potential for visualizing the internal body structures. However, due to the low physiological level of phosphorus-containing biomolecules, precise imaging requires the administration of an exogenous probe. Herein, we describe the synthesis and MR characterization of a pioneering metal-free 31 P-MR probe based on phosphorus-containing polymeric zwitterion. The developed probe (pTMPC) is a well-defined water-soluble macromolecule characterized by a high content of naturally rare phosphorothioate groups providing a high-intensity 31 P-MR signal clearly distinguishable from biological background both in vitro and in vitro. In addition, pTMPC can serve as a sensitive 31 P-MR sensor of pathological conditions in vivo because it undergoes oxidation-induced structural changes in the presence of reactive oxygen species. Add to this the favorable 1 H and 31 P T1 /T2 relaxation times and biocompatibility, pTMPC represents a conceptually new diagnostic, whose discovery opens up new possibilities in the field of 31 P-MR spectroscopy and imaging. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kracíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Chemical Technology, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Ziółkowska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 1660/32, Prague, 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Androvič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Klimánková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - David Červený
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vít
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Hálkova 917, Liberec, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pompach
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průmyslová 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, Liberec, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Laga
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
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24
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Prasuhn J, Göttlich M, Gerkan F, Kourou S, Ebeling B, Kasten M, Hanssen H, Klein C, Brüggemann N. Relationship between brain iron deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Mol Med 2022; 28:28. [PMID: 35246038 PMCID: PMC8895656 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The underlying pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is complex, involving different molecular pathways, including brain iron deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction. At a molecular level, these disease mechanisms are likely interconnected. Therefore, they offer potential strategies for disease-modifying treatments. We aimed to investigate subcortical brain iron deposition as a potential predictor of the bioenergetic status in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Methods Thirty patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease underwent multimodal MR imaging (T1, susceptibility-weighted imaging, SWI) and 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging. SWI contrast-to-noise ratios served as a measure for brain iron deposition in the putamen, caudate, globus pallidus, and thalamus and were used in a multiple linear regression model to predict in-vivo energy metabolite ratios. Results Subcortical brain iron deposition, particularly in the putamen and globus pallidus, was highly predictive of the region-specific amount of high-energy-containing phosphorus metabolites in our subjects. Conclusions Our study suggests that brain iron deposition but not the variability of individual volumetric measurements are highly predictive of mitochondrial impairment in vivo. These findings offer the opportunity, e.g., by using chelating therapies, to improve mitochondrial bioenergetics in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00426-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Prasuhn
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martin Göttlich
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Friederike Gerkan
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sofia Kourou
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Britt Ebeling
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrike Hanssen
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. .,Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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25
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Peter SB, Nandhan VR. 31-Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Evaluation of Glioma and Metastases in 3T MRI. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 31:873-881. [PMID: 35136499 PMCID: PMC8817830 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
31-Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31-P MRS) has excellent potential for clinical neurological practice because of its noninvasive in-vivo assessment of cellular energy metabolism and the indirect evaluation of the phospholipid composition of the cell membrane, intracellular pH, and intracellular Mg2+ concentration.
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic characteristics of glioma and metastases using 31-P MRS and assess utility to differentiate both.
Study Type:
Prospective study.
Population:
Fifteen consecutive patients with brain tumor.
Field Strength/Sequence:
Three-tesla magnetic resonance imaging/three-dimensional MRS imaging sequence.
Statistical Tests:
Unpaired sample
t
-test, and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post-hoc test.
Results:
Significantly decreased values of phosphomonoesters/inorganic phosphate (PME/Pi) in the tumor group (1.22 ± 0.72) compared with controls (2.28 ± 1.44) with a
p
-value of 0.041 were observed. There is a significant decrease in phosphocreatine (PCr)/Pi values (energy demand) in the tumor group (2.76 ± 0.73) compared with controls (4.13 ± 1.75) with a
p
-value of 0.050. Significant increase in Pi/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was noted in tumor group (0.28 ± 0.09) compared with controls (0.22 ± 0.08) with
p
-value 0.049. Among tumor group, PME/PCr values were significantly decreased in gliomas (0.35 ± 0.17) than metastasis (0.58 ± 0.23) compared with controls with a
p
-value of 0.047. A significant decrease in PME/ATP was noted in gliomas (0.25 ± 0.12) than metastasis (0.41 ± 0.14) compared with controls with a
p
-value of 0.034. The tumor group exhibits alkaline pH (7.12 ± 0.10) compared with the normal parenchyma (7.04 ± 0.06) with a significant
p
-value of 0.025. Glioma and metastasis could not be differentiated with pH. However, the perilesional edema of glioma shows alkaline pH (7.09 ± 0.06) and metastasis shows acidic pH (7.02 ± 0.05) with a significant
p
-value of 0.030.
Conclusion:
Our study provides new insight into the cellular constituents and pH of gliomas and metastases and results were significant in differentiation between these two. However, due to the additional high expense, it is available as a research tool in very few institutions in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Babu Peter
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Barnard Institute of Radiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Raghu Nandhan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Barnard Institute of Radiology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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26
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Ren J, Sherry AD. 31 P-MRS of healthy human brain: Measurement of guanosine diphosphate mannose at 7 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4576. [PMID: 34155714 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Guanosine diphosphate mannose (GDP-Man) is the donor substrate required for mannosylation in the synthesis of glycoproteins, glycolipids and the newly discovered glycoRNA. Normal GDP-Man biosynthesis plays a crucial role in support of a variety of cellular functions, including cell recognition, cell communication and immune responses against viruses. Here, we report the detection of GDP-Man in human brain for the first time, using 31 P MRS at 7 T. The presence of GDP-Man is evidenced by the detection of a weak 31 P doublet at -10.7 ppm that can be assigned to the phosphomannosyl group (Pβ) of the GDP-Man molecule. This weak but well-resolved signal lies 0.9 ppm upfield of UDP(G) Pβ-multiplet from a mixture of UDP-Glc, UDP-Gal, UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GalNAc. In reference to ATP (2.8 mM), the concentration of GDP-Man in human brain was estimated to be 0.02 ± 0.01 mM, about 15-fold lower than the total concentration of UDP(G) (0.30 ± 0.04, N = 17) and consistent with previous reports of UDP-Man in cells and brain tissue extracts measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The reproducibility of the measured GDP-Man between test and 2-week retest was 21% ± 15% compared with 5% ± 4% for UDP(G) (N = 7). The measured concentrations of GDP-Man and UDP(G) are linearly correlated ([UDP(G)] = 4.3 [GDP-Man] + 0.02, with R = 0.66 and p = 0.0043), likely reflecting the effect of shared sugar precursors, which may vary among individuals in response to variation in nutritional intake and consumption. Given that GDP-Man has another set of doublet (Pα) at -8.3 ppm that overlaps with NAD(H) and UDP(G)-Pα signals, the amount of GDP-Man could potentially interfere with the deconvolution of these mixed signals in composition analysis. Importantly, this new finding may be useful in advancing our understanding of glycosylation and its role in the development of cancer, as well as infectious and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
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27
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Borbath T, Murali-Manohar S, Dorst J, Wright AM, Henning A. ProFit-1D-A 1D fitting software and open-source validation data sets. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2910-2929. [PMID: 34390031 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate and precise MRS fitting is crucial for metabolite concentration quantification of 1 H-MRS spectra. LCModel, a spectral fitting software, has shown to have certain limitations to perform advanced spectral fitting by previous literature. Herein, we propose an open-source spectral fitting algorithm with adaptive spectral baseline determination and more complex cost functions. THEORY The MRS spectra are characterized by several parameters, which reflect the environment of the contributing metabolites, properties of the acquisition sequence, or additional disturbances. Fitting parameters should accurately describe these parameters. Baselines are also a major contributor to MRS spectra, in which smoothness of the spline baselines used for fitting can be adjusted based on the properties of the spectra. Three different cost functions used for the minimization problem were also investigated. METHODS The newly developed ProFit-1D fitting algorithm is systematically evaluated for simulations of several types of possible in vivo parameter variations. Although accuracy and precision are tested with simulated spectra, spectra measured in vivo at 9.4 T are used for testing precision using subsets of averages. ProFit-1D fitting results are also compared with LCModel. RESULTS Both ProFit-1D and LCModel fitted the spectra well with induced parameter and baseline variations. ProFit-1D proved to be more accurate than LCModel for simulated spectra. However, LCModel showed a somewhat increased precision for some spectral simulations and for in vivo data. CONCLUSION The open-source ProFit-1D fitting algorithm demonstrated high accuracy while maintaining precise metabolite concentration quantification. Finally, through the newly proposed cost functions, new ways to improve fitting were shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Borbath
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Dorst
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive & Systems Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Martin Wright
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive & Systems Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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28
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Ruhm L, Dorst J, Avdievitch N, Wright AM, Henning A. 3D 31 P MRSI of the human brain at 9.4 Tesla: Optimization and quantitative analysis of metabolic images. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2368-2383. [PMID: 34219281 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present 31 P whole brain MRSI with a high spatial resolution to probe quantitative tissue analysis of 31 P MRSI at an ultrahigh field strength of 9.4 Tesla. METHODS The study protocol included a 31 P MRSI measurement with an effective resolution of 2.47 mL. For SNR optimization, the nuclear Overhauser enhancement at 9.4 Tesla was investigated. A sensitivity correction was achieved by applying a low rank approximation of the γ-adenosine triphosphate signal. Group analysis and regression on individual volunteers were performed to investigate quantitative concentration differences between different tissue types. RESULTS Differences in gray and white matter tissue 31 P concentrations could be investigated for 12 different 31 P resonances. In addition, the first highly resolved quantitative MRSI images measured at B0 = 9.4 Tesla of 31 P detectable metabolites with high SNR could be presented. CONCLUSION With an ultrahigh field strength B0 = 9.4 Tesla, 31 P MRSI moves further toward quantitative metabolic imaging, and subtle differences in concentrations between different tissue types can be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreen Ruhm
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Dorst
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Avdievitch
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Martin Wright
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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29
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Ren J, Malloy CR, Sherry AD. 31 P-MRS of the healthy human brain at 7 T detects multiple hexose derivatives of uridine diphosphate glucose. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4511. [PMID: 33772915 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars are required for the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, which play crucial roles in many cellular functions such as cell communication and immune responses. Uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-Glc) was previously believed to be the only nucleotide sugar detectable in brain by 31 P-MRS. Using spectra of high SNR and high resolution acquired at 7 T, we showed that multiple nucleotide sugars are coexistent in brain and can be measured simultaneously. In addition to UDP-Glc, these also include UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal), -N-acetyl-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and -N-acetyl-galactosamine (UDP-GalNAc), collectively denoted as UDP(G). Coexistence of these UDP(G) species is evident from a quartet-like multiplet at -9.8 ppm (M-9.8 ), which is a common feature seen across a wide age range (24-64 years). Lineshape fitting of M-9.8 allows an evaluation of all four UDP(G) components, which further aids in analysis of a mixed signal at -8.2 ppm (M-8.2 ) for deconvolution of NAD+ and NADH. For a group of seven young healthy volunteers, the concentrations of UDP(G) species were 0.04 ± 0.01 mM for UDP-Gal, 0.07 ± 0.03 mM for UDP-Glc, 0.06 ± 0.02 mM for UDP-GalNAc and 0.08 ± 0.03 mM for UDP-GlcNA, in reference to ATP (2.8 mM). The combined concentration of all UDP(G) species (average 0.26 ± 0.06 mM) was similar to the pooled concentration of NAD+ and NADH (average 0.27 ± 0.06 mM, with a NAD+ /NADH ratio of 6.7 ± 2.1), but slightly lower than previously found in an older cohort (0.31 mM). The in vivo NMR analysis of UDP-sugar composition is consistent with those from tissue extracts by other modalities in the literature. Given that glycosylation is dependent on the availability of nucleotide sugars, assaying multiple nucleotide sugars may provide valuable insights into potential aberrant glycosylation, which has been implicated in certain diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
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30
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Peeters TH, van Uden MJ, Rijpma A, Scheenen TW, Heerschap A. 3D 31 P MR spectroscopic imaging of the human brain at 3 T with a 31 P receive array: An assessment of 1 H decoupling, T 1 relaxation times, 1 H- 31 P nuclear Overhauser effects and NAD . NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4169. [PMID: 31518036 PMCID: PMC8244063 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
31 P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a versatile technique to study phospholipid precursors and energy metabolism in the healthy and diseased human brain. However, mainly due to its low sensitivity, 31 P MRSI is currently limited to research purposes. To obtain 3D 31 P MRSI spectra with improved signal-to-noise ratio on clinical 3 T MR systems, we used a coil combination consisting of a dual-tuned birdcage transmit coil and a 31 P eight-channel phased-array receive insert. To further increase resolution and sensitivity we applied WALTZ4 1 H decoupling and continuous wave nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) enhancement and acquired high-quality MRSI spectra with nominal voxel volumes of ~ 17.6 cm3 (effective voxel volume ~ 51 cm3 ) in a clinically relevant measurement time of ~ 13 minutes, without exceeding SAR limits. Steady-state NOE enhancements ranged from 15 ± 9% (γ-ATP) and 33 ± 3% (phosphocreatine) to 48 ± 11% (phosphoethanolamine). Because of these improvements, we resolved and detected all 31 P signals of metabolites that have also been reported for ultrahigh field strengths, including resonances for NAD+ , NADH and extracellular inorganic phosphate. T1 times of extracellular inorganic phosphate were longer than for intracellular inorganic phosphate (3.8 ± 1.4s vs 1.8 ± 0.65 seconds). A comparison of measured T1 relaxation times and NOE enhancements at 3 T with published values between 1.5 and 9.4 T indicates that T1 relaxation of 31 P metabolite spins in the human brain is dominated by dipolar relaxation for this field strength range. Even although intrinsic sensitivity is higher at ultrahigh fields, we demonstrate that at a clinical field strength of 3 T, similar 31 P MRSI information content can be obtained using a sophisticated coil design combined with 1 H decoupling and NOE enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom H. Peeters
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Mark J. van Uden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Anne Rijpma
- Department of Geriatric MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Tom W.J. Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Erwin L. Hahn InstituteUniversity Hospital Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
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31
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Cerebral phosphoester signals measured by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 and 7 Tesla. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248632. [PMID: 33735267 PMCID: PMC7971532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cell membrane metabolism is associated with many neuropsychiatric disorders. Free phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters, which can be detected by in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), are important cell membrane building blocks. However, the quantification of phosphoesters has been highly controversial even in healthy individuals due to overlapping signals from macromolecule membrane phospholipids (MP). In this study, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) cerebral 31P MRS spectra were acquired from healthy volunteers at both 3 and 7 Tesla. Our results indicated that, with minimal spectral interference from MP, the [phosphocreatine (PCr)]/[phosphocholine (PC) + glycerophosphocholine (GPC)] ratio measured at 7 Tesla agreed with its value expected from biochemical constraints. In contrast, the 3 Tesla [PCr]/[PC+GPC] ratio obtained using standard spectral fitting procedures was markedly smaller than the 7 Tesla ratio and than the expected value. The analysis suggests that the commonly used spectral model for MP may fail to capture its complex spectral features at 3 Tesla, and that additional prior knowledge is necessary to reliably quantify the phosphoester signals at low magnetic field strengths when spectral overlapping is significant.
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32
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Choi CH, Iordanishvili E, Shah NJ, Binkofski F. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy with transcranial direct current stimulation to explore the underlying biochemical and physiological mechanism of the human brain: A systematic review. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2642-2671. [PMID: 33634527 PMCID: PMC8090777 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of molecular and neurophysiological evidence connects synaptic plasticity to specific functions and energy metabolism in particular areas of the brain. Furthermore, altered plasticity and energy regulation has been associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. A favourable approach enabling the modulation of neuronal excitability and energy in humans is to stimulate the brain using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and then to observe the effect on neurometabolites using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In this way, a well-defined modulation of brain energy and excitability can be achieved using a dedicated tDCS protocol to a predetermined brain region. This systematic review was guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis and summarises recent literature studying the effect of tDCS on neurometabolites in the human brain as measured by proton or phosphorus MRS. Limitations and recommendations are discussed for future research. The findings of this review provide clear evidence for the potential of using tDCS and MRS to examine and understand the effect of neurometabolites in the in vivo human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hoon Choi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Elene Iordanishvili
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Binkofski
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
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33
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Dorst J, Ruhm L, Avdievich N, Bogner W, Henning A. Comparison of four 31P single-voxel MRS sequences in the human brain at 9.4 T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:3010-3026. [PMID: 33427322 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, different single-voxel localization sequences were implemented and systematically compared for the first time for phosphorous MRS (31 P-MRS) in the human brain at 9.4 T. METHODS Two multishot sequences, image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS) and a conventional slice-selective excitation combined with localization by adiabatic selective refocusing (semiLASER) variant of the spin-echo full intensity-acquired localized spectroscopy (SPECIAL-semiLASER), and two single-shot sequences, semiLASER and stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM), were implemented and optimized for 31 P-MRS in the human brain at 9.4 T. Pulses and coil setup were optimized, localization accuracy was tested in phantom experiments, and absolute SNR of the sequences was compared in vivo. The SNR per unit time (SNR/t) was derived and compared for all four sequences and verified experimentally for ISIS in two different voxel sizes (3 × 3 × 3 cm3 , 5 × 5 × 5 cm3 , 10-minute measurement time). Metabolite signals obtained with ISIS were quantified. The possible spectral quality in vivo acquired in clinically feasible time (3:30 minutes, 3 × 3 × 3 cm3 ) was explored for two different coil setups. RESULTS All evaluated sequences performed with good localization accuracy in phantom experiments and provided well-resolved spectra in vivo. However, ISIS has the lowest chemical shift displacement error, the best localization accuracy, the highest SNR/t for most metabolites, provides metabolite concentrations comparable to literature values, and is the only one of the sequences that allows for the detection of the whole 31 P spectrum, including β-adenosine triphosphate, with the used setup. The SNR/t of STEAM is comparable to the SNR/t of ISIS. The semiLASER and SPECIAL-semiLASER sequences provide good results for metabolites with long T2 . CONCLUSION At 9.4 T, high-quality single-voxel localized 31 P-MRS can be performed in the human brain with different localization methods, each with inherent characteristics suitable for different research issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dorst
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Loreen Ruhm
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Avdievich
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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34
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Li S, Bianconi S, van der Veen JW, Do AD, Stolinski J, Cecil KM, Hannah-Shmouni F, Porter FD, Shen J. Oxidative phosphorylation in creatine transporter deficiency. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4419. [PMID: 32990357 PMCID: PMC7722185 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
X-linked creatine transporter deficiency (CTD) is one of the three types of cerebral creatine deficiency disorders. CTD arises from pathogenic variants in the X-linked gene SLC6A8. We report the first phosphorus (31 P) MRS study of patients with CTD, where both phosphocreatine and total creatine concentrations were found to be markedly reduced. Despite the diminished role of creatine and phosphocreatine in oxidative phosphorylation in CTD, we found no elevation of lactate or lowered pH, indicating that the brain energy supply still largely relied on oxidative metabolism. Our results suggest that mitochondrial function is a potential therapeutic target for CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Simona Bianconi
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - An Dang Do
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - JoEllyn Stolinski
- NMR Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Fady Hannah-Shmouni
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Forbes D. Porter
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun Shen
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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35
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Choi CH, Hong SM, Felder J, Shah NJ. The state-of-the-art and emerging design approaches of double-tuned RF coils for X-nuclei, brain MR imaging and spectroscopy: A review. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 72:103-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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36
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In vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of mouse cerebral NAD content and redox state during neurodevelopment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15623. [PMID: 32973277 PMCID: PMC7519085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an important cofactor of energy-producing pathways. The redox ratio (NAD+/NADH) reflects the cellular oxidoreductive state. Oxidative stress and redox dysregulation have been suggested to contribute to various neurological diseases. The assessment of NAD content has been recently demonstrated in large animals and human brains by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, its measurement in small rodents has never been attempted. The purpose of this study was to investigate, in vivo, the NAD content during mouse brain neurodevelopment. 31P-MR-spectra were acquired in the mouse brain at postnatal days P20, P40, P90 and P250 at 14.1 T using a 3D-localization sequence. High spectral quality was achieved at 14.1 T. NAD+ and NADH were quantified with mean Cramér-Rao lower bound of 10% and 14%, respectively. An increase in NAD+/NADH was observed from P20 to P250 due to a decrease in [NADH]. The intracellular pH was significantly reduced with age, while the free [Mg2+] in the brain was significantly increased. This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of the measurement of NAD content in vivo in mouse brains during development, which opens the prospect of longitudinally studying energy metabolism and redox dysfunction in mouse models of brain pathology.
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37
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Yao J, Wang C, Ellingson BM. Influence of phosphate concentration on amine, amide, and hydroxyl CEST contrast. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1062-1078. [PMID: 32936483 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of phosphate on amine, amide, and hydroxyl CEST contrast using Bloch-McConnell simulations applied to physical phantom data. METHODS Phantom solutions of 4 representative metabolites with exchangeable protons-glycine (α-amine protons), Cr (η-amine protons), egg white protein (amide protons), and glucose (hydroxyl protons)-were prepared at different pH levels (5.6 to 8.9) and phosphate concentrations (5 to 80 mM). CEST images of the phantom were collected with CEST-EPI sequence at 3 tesla. The CEST data were then fitted to full Bloch-McConnell equation simulations to estimate the exchange rate constants. With the fitted parameters, simulations were performed to evaluate the intracellular and extracellular contributions of CEST signals in normal brain tissue and brain tumors, as well as in dynamic glucose-enhanced experiments. RESULTS The exchange rates of α-amine and hydroxyl protons were found to be highly dependent on both pH and phosphate concentrations, whereas the exchange rates of η-amine and amide protons were pH-dependent, albeit not catalyzed by phosphate. With phosphate being predominantly intracellular, CEST contrast of α-amine exhibited a higher sensitivity to changes in the extracellular microenvironment. Simulations of dynamic glucose-enhanced signals demonstrated that the contrast between normal and tumor tissue was mostly due to the extracellular CEST effect. CONCLUSION The proton exchange rates in some metabolites can be greatly catalyzed by the presence of phosphate at physiological concentrations, which substantially alters the CEST contrast. Catalytic agents should be considered as confounding factors in future CEST-MRI research. This new dimension may also benefit the development of novel phosphate-sensitive imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yao
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chencai Wang
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamin M Ellingson
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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38
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Das N, Ren J, Spence JS, Rackley A, Chapman SB. Relationship of Parieto-Occipital Brain Energy Phosphate Metabolism and Cognition Using 31P MRS at 7-Tesla in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:222. [PMID: 33005142 PMCID: PMC7483543 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The human brain has high energy requirements that continuously support healthy neuronal activity and cognition. A disruption in brain energy metabolism (BEM) may contribute to early neuropathological changes such as accumulation of β-amyloid and tau in vulnerable populations. One such population is amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) where some individuals are at risk for developing dementia, i.e. Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent advances in imaging technology are providing new avenues to measure BEM accurately using 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) at ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic strength 7-Tesla. This study investigates whether a methodology using partial volume-coil 31P MRS at 7T over parieto-occipital lobes can accurately quantify high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolites in aMCI. A secondary objective was to explore BEM and membrane phospholipid indices’ correspondence with cognitive performance in domains of executive function (EF), memory, attention, and visuospatial skills in aMCI, a heterogeneous population. Methods 19 aMCI participants enrolled in the study completed cognitive assessment and 31P MRS scan. BEM indices were measured using three energy indicators: energy reserve (PCr/t-ATP), energy consumption (intracellular_Pi/t-ATP), and metabolic state (PCr/intracellular_Pi) along with regulatory co-factors of BEM-intracellular Mg2 + and pH; whereas the ratio of phosphomonoesters (PMEs) to phosphodiesters (PDEs) – membrane phospholipid indicator. Results 31P MRS scan showed thirteen well-resolved peaks with precise quantification of the phosphorus metabolites at UHF. The higher BEM indices were associated with lower cognitive performance of memory [(energy reserve indicator: CVLT p = 0.004), (metabolic state indicator: CVLT p = 0.007)], executive function [(metabolic state indicator: TOSL (p = 0.044)], and attention [(pH: selective auditory task, p = 0.044)]. The finding of an inverse relationship observed in the parieto-occipital lobes suggests an association between neuronal energy markers with cognition in aMCI. Conclusion The significant contribution of this preliminary research was to establish the feasibility of utilizing a methodology at UHF to accurately measure high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolites in a population with heterogeneous outcomes. This work offers a novel approach for future work to further elucidate early dementia biomarkers or precursors to the downstream accumulation of amyloid and tau using the combination of MRS-PET imaging modalities in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Das
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Spence
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Audette Rackley
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Sandra B Chapman
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
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39
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Hnilicová P, Štrbák O, Kolisek M, Kurča E, Zeleňák K, Sivák Š, Kantorová E. Current Methods of Magnetic Resonance for Noninvasive Assessment of Molecular Aspects of Pathoetiology in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6117. [PMID: 32854318 PMCID: PMC7504207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with expanding axonal and neuronal degeneration in the central nervous system leading to motoric dysfunctions, psychical disability, and cognitive impairment during MS progression. The exact cascade of pathological processes (inflammation, demyelination, excitotoxicity, diffuse neuro-axonal degeneration, oxidative and metabolic stress, etc.) causing MS onset is still not fully understood, although several accompanying biomarkers are particularly suitable for the detection of early subclinical changes. Magnetic resonance (MR) methods are generally considered to be the most sensitive diagnostic tools. Their advantages include their noninvasive nature and their ability to image tissue in vivo. In particular, MR spectroscopy (proton 1H and phosphorus 31P MRS) is a powerful analytical tool for the detection and analysis of biomedically relevant metabolites, amino acids, and bioelements, and thus for providing information about neuro-axonal degradation, demyelination, reactive gliosis, mitochondrial and neurotransmitter failure, cellular energetic and membrane alternation, and the imbalance of magnesium homeostasis in specific tissues. Furthermore, the MR relaxometry-based detection of accumulated biogenic iron in the brain tissue is useful in disease evaluation. The early description and understanding of the developing pathological process might be critical for establishing clinically effective MS-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hnilicová
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Oliver Štrbák
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Egon Kurča
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Kamil Zeleňák
- Clinic of Radiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Štefan Sivák
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Ema Kantorová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
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40
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Chen J, Hackett EP, Singh J, Kovács Z, Park JM. Simultaneous Assessment of Intracellular and Extracellular pH Using Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]Alanine Ethyl Ester. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11681-11686. [PMID: 32786486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue pH is tightly regulated in vivo, being a sensitive physiological biomarker. Advent of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and its translation to humans stimulated development of pH-sensitive agents. However, requirements of DNP probes such as biocompatibility, signal sensitivity, and spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) complicate in vivo translation of the agents. Here, we developed a 13C-labeled alanine derivative, [1-13C]-l-alanine ethyl ester, as a viable DNP probe whose chemical shift is sensitive to the physiological pH range, and demonstrated the feasibility in phantoms and rat livers in vivo. Alanine ethyl ester readily crosses cell membrane while simultaneously assessing extracellular and intracellular pH in vivo. Following cell transport, [1-13C]-l-alanine ethyl ester is instantaneously hydrolyzed to [1-13C]-l-alanine, and subsequently metabolized to [1-13C]lactate and [13C]bicarbonate. The pH-insensitive alanine resonance was used as a reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States
| | - Edward P Hackett
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States
| | - Jaspal Singh
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States
| | - Zoltán Kovács
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States
| | - Jae Mo Park
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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41
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Choi CH, Stegmayr C, Shymanskaya A, Worthoff WA, da Silva NA, Felder J, Langen KJ, Shah NJ. An in vivo multimodal feasibility study in a rat brain tumour model using flexible multinuclear MR and PET systems. EJNMMI Phys 2020; 7:50. [PMID: 32728773 PMCID: PMC7391464 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-020-00319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to the structural information afforded by 1H MRI, the use of X-nuclei, such as sodium-23 (23Na) or phosphorus-31 (31P), offers important complementary information concerning physiological and biochemical parameters. By then combining this technique with PET, which provides valuable insight into a wide range of metabolic and molecular processes by using of a variety of radioactive tracers, the scope of medical imaging and diagnostics can be significantly increased. While the use of multimodal imaging is undoubtedly advantageous, identifying the optimal combination of these parameters to diagnose a specific dysfunction is very important and is advanced by the use of sophisticated imaging techniques in specific animal models. Methods In this pilot study, rats with intracerebral 9L gliosarcomas were used to explore a combination of sequential multinuclear MRI using a sophisticated switchable coil set in a small animal 9.4 T MRI scanner and, subsequently, a small animal PET with the tumour tracer O-(2-[18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ([18F]FET). This made it possible for in vivo multinuclear MR-PET experiments to be conducted without compromising the performance of either multinuclear MR or PET. Results High-quality in vivo images and spectra including high-resolution 1H imaging, 23Na-weighted imaging, detection of 31P metabolites and [18F]FET uptake were obtained, allowing the characterisation of tumour tissues in comparison to a healthy brain. It has been reported in the literature that these parameters are useful in the identification of the genetic profile of gliomas, particularly concerning the mutation of the isocitrate hydrogenase gene, which is highly relevant for treatment strategy. Conclusions The combination of multinuclear MR and PET in, for example, brain tumour models with specific genetic mutations will enable the physiological background of signal alterations to be explored and the identification of the optimal combination of imaging parameters for the non-invasive characterisation of the molecular profile of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hoon Choi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Carina Stegmayr
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Wieland A Worthoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Nuno A da Silva
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Felder
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Section JARA-BRAIN, Aachen, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. .,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. .,JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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42
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Santos-Díaz A, Noseworthy MD. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (31P-MRS/MRSI) as a window to brain and muscle metabolism: A review of the methods. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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43
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Ren J, Malloy CR, Sherry AD. Quantitative measurement of redox state in human brain by 31 P MRS at 7T with spectral simplification and inclusion of multiple nucleotide sugar components in data analysis. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2338-2351. [PMID: 32385936 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a simplified method for quantitative measurement of NAD+ /NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides) levels in human brain by 31 P MRS without interference from the α-ATP signal and with inclusion of multiple UDP-sugar components. METHODS Simple pulse-acquire 31 P MR spectra were collected at 7T with and without a frequency-selective inversion pulse to remove the dominant α-ATP signal from the underlying NAD(H) signal. Careful inspection of the 31 P signal at -9.8 ppm previously assigned to UDP-glucose revealed multiple UDP-sugar components that must also be considered when deconvoluting the NAD(H) signal to quantify NAD+ and NADH. Finally, the overlapping NAD(H) and UDP(G) resonances were deconvoluted into individual components using Voigt lineshape analysis and UDP(G) modeling. RESULTS The inversion-based spectral editing method enabled clean separation of the NAD(H) signal from the otherwise dominant α-ATP signal. In addition, the upfield signal near -9.8 ppm appears more "quartet-like" than a simple doublet consistent with contributions from other nucleotide sugars such as UDP-galactose, UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine, and UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine in addition to UDP-glucose. Deconvolution of the combined NAD(H) and UDP(G) signals showed that the measured NAD+ /NAD ratio was heavily influenced by UDP(G) modeling (7.5 ± 1.8 when the UDP(G) signal was fitted as multiple doublets versus 5.3 ± 0.6 when a simplified pseudo doublet model was used). In a test/re-test experiments separated by 2 weeks, consistent NAD+ /NADH ratios were measured in the brain of seven human subjects. CONCLUSIONS The NAD+ /NADH ratio in human brain can be measured using 31 P MR spectra simplified by spectral editing and with inclusion of multiple UDP-sugar components in the data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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44
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Korzowski A, Weinfurtner N, Mueller S, Breitling J, Goerke S, Schlemmer H, Ladd ME, Paech D, Bachert P. Volumetric mapping of intra‐ and extracellular pH in the human brain using
31
P MRSI at 7T. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1707-1723. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Korzowski
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nina Weinfurtner
- Division of Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sebastian Mueller
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Johannes Breitling
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Nuclear Physics Heidelberg Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffen Goerke
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Mark E. Ladd
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Faculty of Medicine University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Daniel Paech
- Division of Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Bachert
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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45
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Lam F, Li Y, Peng X. Constrained Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging by Learning Nonlinear Low-Dimensional Models. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:545-555. [PMID: 31352337 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2019.2930586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a powerful molecular imaging modality but has very limited speed, resolution, and SNR tradeoffs. Construction of a low-dimensional model to effectively reduce the dimensionality of the imaging problem has recently shown great promise in improving these tradeoffs. This paper presents a new approach to model and reconstruct the spectroscopic signals by learning a nonlinear low-dimensional representation of the general MR spectra. Specifically, we trained a deep neural network to capture the low-dimensional manifold, where the high-dimensional spectroscopic signals reside. A regularization formulation is proposed to effectively integrate the learned model and physics-based data acquisition model for MRSI reconstruction with the capability to incorporate additional spatiospectral constraints. An efficient numerical algorithm was developed to solve the associated optimization problem involving back-propagating the trained network. Simulation and experimental results were obtained to demonstrate the representation power of the learned model and the ability of the proposed formulation in producing SNR-enhancing reconstruction from the practical MRSI data.
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46
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Stovell MG, Mada MO, Carpenter TA, Yan JL, Guilfoyle MR, Jalloh I, Welsh KE, Helmy A, Howe DJ, Grice P, Mason A, Giorgi-Coll S, Gallagher CN, Murphy MP, Menon DK, Hutchinson PJ, Carpenter KL. Phosphorus spectroscopy in acute TBI demonstrates metabolic changes that relate to outcome in the presence of normal structural MRI. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:67-84. [PMID: 30226401 PMCID: PMC6927074 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18799176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a key pathophysiological process in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although changes in brain glucose metabolism and extracellular lactate/pyruvate ratio are well known, it was hitherto unknown whether these translate to downstream changes in ATP metabolism and intracellular pH. We have performed the first clinical voxel-based in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) in 13 acute-phase major TBI patients versus 10 healthy controls (HCs), at 3T, focusing on eight central 2.5 × 2.5 × 2.5 cm3 voxels per subject. PCr/γATP ratio (a measure of energy status) in TBI patients was significantly higher (median = 1.09) than that of HCs (median = 0.93) (p < 0.0001), due to changes in both PCr and ATP. There was no significant difference in PCr/γATP between TBI patients with favourable and unfavourable outcome. Cerebral intracellular pH of TBI patients was significantly higher (median = 7.04) than that of HCs (median = 7.00) (p = 0.04). Alkalosis was limited to patients with unfavourable outcome (median = 7.07) (p < 0.0001). These changes persisted after excluding voxels with > 5% radiologically visible injury. This is the first clinical demonstration of brain alkalosis and elevated PCr/γATP ratio acutely after major TBI. 31P MRS has potential for non-invasively assessing brain injury in the absence of structural injury, predicting outcome and monitoring therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Stovell
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marius O Mada
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Adrian Carpenter
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jiun-Lin Yan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mathew R Guilfoyle
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ibrahim Jalloh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen E Welsh
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adel Helmy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Duncan J Howe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Grice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Giorgi-Coll
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clare N Gallagher
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David K Menon
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter J Hutchinson
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Keri Lh Carpenter
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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van Houtum Q, Welting D, Gosselink W, Klomp D, Arteaga de Castro C, van der Kemp W. Low SAR 31 P (multi-echo) spectroscopic imaging using an integrated whole-body transmit coil at 7T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4178. [PMID: 31608515 PMCID: PMC6900186 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (31 P) MRSI provides opportunities to monitor potential biomarkers. However, current applications of 31 P MRS are generally restricted to relatively small volumes as small coils are used. Conventional surface coils require high energy adiabatic RF pulses to achieve flip angle homogeneity, leading to high specific absorption rates (SARs), and occupy space within the MRI bore. A birdcage coil behind the bore cover can potentially reduce the SAR constraints massively by use of conventional amplitude modulated pulses without sacrificing patient space. Here, we demonstrate that the integrated 31 P birdcage coil setup with a high power RF amplifier at 7 T allows for low flip angle excitations with short repetition time (TR ) for fast 3D chemical shift imaging (CSI) and 3D T1 -weighted CSI as well as high flip angle multi-refocusing pulses, enabling multi-echo CSI that can measure metabolite T2 , over a large field of view in the body. B1+ calibration showed a variation of only 30% in maximum B1 in four volunteers. High signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) MRSI was obtained in the gluteal muscle using two fast in vivo 3D spectroscopic imaging protocols, with low and high flip angles, and with multi-echo MRSI without exceeding SAR levels. In addition, full liver MRSI was achieved within SAR constraints. The integrated 31 P body coil allowed for fast spectroscopic imaging and successful implementation of the multi-echo method in the body at 7 T. Moreover, no additional enclosing hardware was needed for 31 P excitation, paving the way to include larger subjects and more space for receiver arrays. The increase in possible number of RF excitations per scan time, due to the improved B1+ homogeneity and low SAR, allows SNR to be exchanged for spatial resolution in CSI and/or T1 weighting by simply manipulating TR and/or flip angle to detect and quantify ratios from different molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. van Houtum
- University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - D. Welting
- University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - D.W.J. Klomp
- University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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van der Kemp WJ, van der Velden TA, Schmitz AM, Gilhuijs KG, Luijten PR, Klomp DW, Wijnen JP. Shortening of apparent transverse relaxation time of inorganic phosphate as a breast cancer biomarker. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4011. [PMID: 30311703 PMCID: PMC6899594 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus MRS offers a non-invasive tool for monitoring cell energy and phospholipid metabolism and can be of additional value in diagnosing cancer and monitoring cancer therapy. In this study, we determined the transverse relaxation times of a number of phosphorous metabolites in a group of breast cancer patients by adiabatic multi-echo spectroscopic imaging at 7 T. The transverse relaxation times of phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, inorganic phosphate (Pi ), glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphatidylcholine were 184 ± 8 ms, 203 ± 17 ms, 87 ± 8 ms, 240 ± 56 ms and 20 ± 10 ms, respectively. The transverse relaxation time of Pi in breast cancer tissue was less than half that of healthy fibroglandular tissue. This effect is most likely caused by an up-regulation of glycolysis in breast cancer tissue that leads to interaction of Pi with the GAPDH enzyme, which forms part of the reversible pathway of exchange of Pi with gamma-adenosine tri-phosphate, thus shortening its apparent transverse relaxation time. As healthy breast tissue shows very little glycolytic activity, the apparent T2 shortening of Pi due to malignant transformation could possibly be used as a biomarker for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kenneth G. Gilhuijs
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Peter R. Luijten
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Dennis W.J. Klomp
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jannie P. Wijnen
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Griffin JWD, Bradshaw PC. Effects of a high protein diet and liver disease in an in silico model of human ammonia metabolism. Theor Biol Med Model 2019; 16:11. [PMID: 31366360 PMCID: PMC6670211 DOI: 10.1186/s12976-019-0109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After proteolysis, the majority of released amino acids from dietary protein are transported to the liver for gluconeogenesis or to peripheral tissues where they are used for protein synthesis and eventually catabolized, producing ammonia as a byproduct. High ammonia levels in the brain are a major contributor to the decreased neural function that occurs in several pathological conditions such as hepatic encephalopathy when liver urea cycle function is compromised. Therefore, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of human ammonia metabolism. The objective of this study was to predict changes in blood ammonia levels resulting from alterations in dietary protein intake, from liver disease, or from partial loss of urea cycle function. METHODS A simple mathematical model was created using MATLAB SimBiology and data from published studies. Simulations were performed and results analyzed to determine steady state changes in ammonia levels resulting from varying dietary protein intake and varying liver enzyme activity levels to simulate liver disease. As a toxicity reference, viability was measured in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following differentiation and ammonium chloride treatment. RESULTS Results from control simulations yielded steady state blood ammonia levels within normal physiological limits. Increasing dietary protein intake by 72% resulted in a 59% increase in blood ammonia levels. Simulations of liver cirrhosis increased blood ammonia levels by 41 to 130% depending upon the level of dietary protein intake. Simulations of heterozygous individuals carrying a loss of function allele of the urea cycle carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS1) gene resulted in more than a tripling of blood ammonia levels (from roughly 18 to 60 μM depending on dietary protein intake). The viability of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells was decreased by 14% by the addition of a slightly higher amount of ammonium chloride (90 μM). CONCLUSIONS Data from the model suggest decreasing protein consumption may be one simple strategy to decrease blood ammonia levels and minimize the risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy for many liver disease patients. In addition, the model suggests subjects who are known carriers of disease-causing CPS1 alleles may benefit from monitoring blood ammonia levels and limiting the level of protein intake if ammonia levels are high.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick C. Bradshaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN USA
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50
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Clarke WT, Peterzan MA, Rayner JJ, Sayeed RA, Petrou M, Krasopoulos G, Lake HA, Raman B, Watson WD, Cox P, Hundertmark MJ, Apps AP, Lygate CA, Neubauer S, Rider OJ, Rodgers CT. Localized rest and stress human cardiac creatine kinase reaction kinetics at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4085. [PMID: 30920054 PMCID: PMC6542687 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the kinetics of the creatine kinase (CK) shuttle are sensitive markers of cardiac energetics but are typically measured at rest and in the prone position. This study aims to measure CK kinetics during pharmacological stress at 3 T, with measurement in the supine position. A shorter "stressed saturation transfer" (StreST) extension to the triple repetition time saturation transfer (TRiST) method is proposed. We assess scanning in a supine position and validate the MR measurement against biopsy assay of CK activity. We report normal ranges of stress CK forward rate (kfCK ) for healthy volunteers and obese patients. TRiST measures kfCK in 40 min at 3 T. StreST extends the previously developed TRiST to also make a further kfCK measurement during <20 min of dobutamine stress. We test our TRiST implementation in skeletal muscle and myocardium in both prone and supine positions. We evaluate StreST in the myocardium of six healthy volunteers and 34 obese subjects. We validated MR-measured kfCK against biopsy assays of CK activity. TRiST kfCK values matched literature values in skeletal muscle (kfCK = 0.25 ± 0.03 s-1 vs 0.27 ± 0.03 s-1 ) and myocardium when measured in the prone position (0.32 ± 0.15 s-1 ), but a significant difference was found for TRiST kfCK measured supine (0.24 ± 0.12 s-1 ). This difference was because of different respiratory- and cardiac-motion-induced B0 changes in the two positions. Using supine TRiST, cardiac kfCK values for normal-weight subjects were 0.15 ± 0.09 s-1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.15 s-1 during stress. For obese subjects, kfCK was 0.16 ± 0.07 s-1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.10 s-1 during stress. Rest myocardial kfCK and CK activity from LV biopsies of the same subjects correlated (R = 0.43, p = 0.03). We present an independent implementation of TRiST on the Siemens platform using a commercially available coil. Our extended StreST protocol enables cardiac kfCK to be measured during dobutamine-induced stress in the supine position.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Clarke
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIBUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Mark A. Peterzan
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Jennifer J. Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Rana A. Sayeed
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Mario Petrou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - George Krasopoulos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Hannah A. Lake
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordUK
| | - Betty Raman
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - William D. Watson
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Pete Cox
- Department of Physiology AnatomyUniversity of OxfordParks Road, Sherrington BuildingOxfordUK
| | - Moritz J. Hundertmark
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Andrew P. Apps
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Craig A. Lygate
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordUK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Oliver J. Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeBox 65, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUK
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