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Ju IJ, Tsai BCK, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Lin YM, Hsieh DJY, Pai PY, Huang SE, Lu SY, Lee SD, Huang CY. Rhodiola and Salidroside Attenuate Oxidative Stress-Triggered H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Apoptosis Through IGF1R-Induced ERK1/2 Activation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:5150-5161. [PMID: 39109685 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. Rhodiola, a traditional Chinese medicine, is recognized for its potent antioxidant properties. Salidroside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside derived from Rhodiola rosea, has shown remarkable antioxidant capabilities. This study aimed to elucidate the potential protective mechanisms of Rhodiola and salidroside against H2O2-induced cardiac apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. H9c2 cells were exposed to H2O2 for 4 h, and subsequently treated with Rhodiola or salidroside for 24 h. Cell viability and apoptotic pathways were assessed. The involvement of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) were investigated. H2O2 (100 μM) exposure significantly induced cardiac apoptosis in H9c2 cells. However, treatment with Rhodiola (12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL) and salidroside (0.1, 1, and 10 nM) effectively attenuated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. This protective effect was associated with IGF1R-activated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, leading to the inhibition of Fas-dependent proteins, HIF-1α, Bax, and Bak expression in H9c2 cells. The images from hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence assays also revealed the protective effects of Rhodiola and salidroside in H9c2 cells against oxidative damage. Our findings suggest that Rhodiola and salidroside possess antioxidative properties that mitigate H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. The protective mechanisms involve the activation of IGF1R and subsequent phosphorylation of ERK1/2. These results propose Rhodiola and salidroside as potential therapeutic agents for cardiomyocyte cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in heart diseases. Future studies may explore their clinical applications in cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ju Ju
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-En Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Liu Z, Huang T, Yi R, Ma Z, Gao Y. Salidroside improves blood-brain barrier integrity and cognitive function in hypobaric hypoxia mice by inhibiting microglia activation through GSK3β. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39364585 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Salidroside, an active component found in Rhodiola rosea L., has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of hypoxic brain injury, while the precise target and mechanism of salidroside were remain unclear. The study utilized techniques such as network pharmacology, transcriptome sequencing to investigate the mechanism and target of salidroside in regulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) function to protect hypoxic brain injury in vivo. Utilized macromolecular docking and molecular biology techniques to explore the molecular mechanism of salidroside in alleviating brain injury induced by hypoxia in BV2 cell model. The results show that salidroside alleviated the learning and memory dysfunction and pathological injury in mice exposed to hypobaric hypoxia, reduced brain water content and attenuate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, effectively reversed S100β in serum and promoted the repair of BBB. GSK3β is an important therapeutic target of salidroside in the treatment of hypoxic cognitive impairment, and salidroside can specifically bind GSK3β in the ATP binding pocket, inducing the phosphorylation of GSK3β, targeting downstream Nrf-2 to regulate microglia activity, promoting the accumulation of β-catenin, thereby inhibiting microglial activation, improving the BBB integrity injury and achieving a neuroprotective effect. This study demonstrates that salidroside can inhibit the activation of microglia by inducing GSK3β phosphorylation, achieve neuroprotective effects and alleviate learning and memory dysfunction in hypobaric hypoxia mice. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of salidroside and the clinical application of Rhodiola rosea L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoxu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianke Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengchun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Banerjee T, Sarkar A, Ali SZ, Bhowmik R, Karmakar S, Halder AK, Ghosh N. Bioprotective Role of Phytocompounds Against the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Unravelling Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:675-707. [PMID: 38458248 DOI: 10.1055/a-2277-4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the global health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free fatty acids to build up in the liver. The excessive fat build-up causes inflammation and damages the healthy hepatocytes, leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Dietary habits, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia influence NAFLD progression. The disease burden is complicated due to the paucity of therapeutic interventions. Obeticholic acid is the only approved therapeutic agent for NAFLD. With more scientific enterprise being directed towards the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, novel targets like lipid synthase, farnesoid X receptor signalling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors associated with inflammatory signalling, and hepatocellular injury have played a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Phytocompounds have shown promising results in modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis, suggesting their possible role in managing NAFLD. This review discusses the ameliorative role of different classes of phytochemicals with molecular mechanisms in different cell lines and established animal models. These compounds may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for NAFLD progression to NASH. This review also deliberates on phytomolecules undergoing clinical trials for effective management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Sk Zeeshan Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Kumar Halder
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhannagar, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
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Chen M, Tan J, Jin Z, Jiang T, Wu J, Yu X. Research progress on Sirtuins (SIRTs) family modulators. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116481. [PMID: 38522239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) represent a class of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylases that exert a crucial role in cellular signal transduction and various biological processes. The mammalian sirtuins family encompasses SIRT1 to SIRT7, exhibiting therapeutic potential in counteracting cellular aging, modulating metabolism, responding to oxidative stress, inhibiting tumors, and improving cellular microenvironment. These enzymes are intricately linked to the occurrence and treatment of diverse pathological conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. Given the significance of histone modification in gene expression and chromatin structure, maintaining the equilibrium of the sirtuins family is imperative for disease prevention and health restoration. Mounting evidence suggests that modulators of SIRTs play a crucial role in treating various diseases and maintaining physiological balance. This review delves into the molecular structure and regulatory functions of the sirtuins family, reviews the classification and historical evolution of SIRTs modulators, offers a systematic overview of existing SIRTs modulation strategies, and elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of SIRTs modulators (agonists and inhibitors) and their clinical applications. The article concludes by summarizing the challenges encountered in SIRTs modulator research and offering insights into future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkai Chen
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junfei Tan
- School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihan Jin
- Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou City, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiabiao Wu
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China; The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Li L, Liu M, Bi H, Liu T. High-level production of Rhodiola rosea characteristic component rosavin from D-glucose and L-arabinose in engineered Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2024; 82:274-285. [PMID: 38428730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Rosavin is the characteristic component of Rhodiola rosea L., an important medicinal plant used widely in the world that has been reported to possess multiple biological activities. However, the endangered status of wild Rhodiola has limited the supply of rosavin. In this work, we successfully engineered an Escherichia coli strain to efficiently produce rosavin as an alternative production method. Firstly, cinnamate: CoA ligase from Hypericum calycinum, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase from Lolium perenne, and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferase (UGT) from Bacillus subtilis (Bs-YjiC) were selected to improve the titer of rosin in E. coli. Subsequently, four UGTs from the UGT91R subfamily were identified to catalyze the formation of rosavin from rosin, with SlUGT91R1 from Solanum lycopersicum showing the highest activity level. Secondly, production of rosavin was achieved for the first time in E. coli by incorporating the SlUGT91R1 and UDP-arabinose pathway, including UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, UDP-xylose synthase, and UDP-xylose 4-epimerase, into the rosin-producing stain, and the titer reached 430.5 ± 91.4 mg/L. Thirdly, a two-step pathway derived from L-arabinose, composed of L-arabinokinase and UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase, was developed in E. coli to further optimize the supply of the precursor UDP-arabinose. Furthermore, 1203.7 ± 32.1 mg/L of rosavin was produced from D-glucose and L-arabinose using shake-flask fermentation. Finally, the production of rosavin reached 7539.1 ± 228.7 mg/L by fed-batch fermentation in a 5-L bioreactor. Thus, the microbe-based production of rosavin shows great potential for commercialization. This work provides an effective strategy for the biosynthesis of other valuable natural products with arabinose-containing units from D-glucose and L-arabinose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Moshi Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
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Chen L, Mo Q, Wu Y, Chen W, Deng K, Xiao Y. Ameliorative effect of salidroside on the cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in a rat model. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:107-116. [PMID: 38408280 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2320383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress injury is an important pathological factor of premature ovarian failure (POF). Salidroside, extracted from the Chinese herb-Rhodiola rosea, has advantages in antioxidant characteristics. However, their therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms in POF have not been explored. PURPOSE This study aims to assess the therapeutic effects of salidroside in chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure rats. METHODS A POF rat model was established by injection of cyclophosphamide, followed by treatment with salidroside. The therapeutic effect of salidroside was evaluated based on hormone levels, follicle count, and reproductive ability. Oxidative stress injury was assessed by the detection of SOD enzyme activity and MDA levels. Differential gene expression of Keap1, Nrf2, HMOX1, NQO1, AMH, BMP15, and GDF9, were identified by qRT‑PCR. The protein expression of Keap1, Nrf2, P53, and Bcl-2 were detected by western blot. RESULTS Salidroside treatment markedly restored FSH, E2, and AMH hormone secretion levels, reduced follicular atresia, and increased antral follicle numbers in POF rats. In addition, salidroside improves fertility in POF rats, activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and reduces the level of oxidative stress. The recovery function of high dose salidroside (50 mg/kg) in a reproductive assay was significantly improved than that of lower dose salidroside (25 mg/kg). Meanwhile, the safety evaluation of salidroside treatment in rats showed that salidroside was safe for POF rats at doses of 25-50 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS Salidroside therapy improved premature ovarian failure significantly through antioxidant function and activating Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Mo
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingnan Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wancheng Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Kaixian Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Pilot Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Zhu T, Liu H, Gao S, Jiang N, Chen S, Xie W. Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115999. [PMID: 38091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health of individuals worldwide, and the risk of psychiatric sequelae and consequent mental disorders has increased among the general population, health care workers and patients with COVID-19. Achieving effective and widespread prevention of pandemic-related psychiatric sequelae to protect the mental health of the global population is a serious challenge. Salidroside, as a natural agent, has substantial pharmacological activity and health effects, exerts obvious neuroprotective effects, and may be effective in preventing and treating psychiatric sequelae and mental disorders resulting from stress stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. Notably, this review innovatively proposes that salidroside is a potential agent for treating stress-induced health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides scientific evidence and a theoretical basis for the use of natural products to combat the current mental health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiman Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Donghu Road No. 115, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Weijie Xie
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200122, China.
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Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Kopustinskiene DM. Phenolic Compounds of Rhodiola rosea L. as the Potential Alternative Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12293. [PMID: 37569669 PMCID: PMC10418374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The roots and rhizomes of Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae), which is widely growing in Northern Europe, North America, and Siberia, have been used since ancient times to alleviate stress, fatigue, and mental and physical disorders. Phenolic compounds: phenylpropanoids rosavin, rosarin, and rosin, tyrosol glucoside salidroside, and tyrosol, are responsible for the biological action of R. rosea, exerting antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-aging, anti-fatigue activities. R. rosea extract formulations are used as alternative remedies to enhance mental and cognitive functions and protect the central nervous system and heart during stress. Recent studies indicate that R. rosea may be used to treat diabetes, cancer, and a variety of cardiovascular and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This paper reviews the beneficial effects of the extract of R. rosea, its key active components, and their possible use in the treatment of chronic diseases. R. rosea represents an excellent natural remedy to address situations involving decreased performance, such as fatigue and a sense of weakness, particularly in the context of chronic diseases. Given the significance of mitochondria in cellular energy metabolism and their vulnerability to reactive oxygen species, future research should prioritize investigating the potential effects of R. rosea main bioactive phenolic compounds on mitochondria, thus targeting cellular energy supply and countering oxidative stress-related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.B.); (V.J.)
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.B.); (V.J.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.B.); (V.J.)
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Huang D, Jia N, Pei C, Shen Z, Zhao S, Wang Y, Wu Y, Shi S, Li S, Wang Z. Rosavidin protects against PM2.5-induced lung toxicity via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115623. [PMID: 37244433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) contributes to adverse health effects through the promotion of inflammatory cytokine release. Rosavidin (Ro), a phenylpropanoid compound having multiple biological activities, is extracted from Rhodiola crenulata, a medicine and food homology plant. However, the protective role and mechanism of Ro in PM2.5-induced lung toxicity have not been previously studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect and mechanism of Ro in PM2.5-induced lung toxicity. A lung toxicity rat model was established through trachea drip of PM2.5 suspension after the different dose pretreatment of Ro (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) to evaluate the effect of Ro on PM2.5 caused lung toxicity. The results showed that Ro attenuated the pathological changes, edema, and inflammation response in rats. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may be associated with the protective effect of Ro against pulmonary toxicity. Subsequently, we verified the role of PI3K/AKT in the PM2.5 exposure lung tissue. Moreover, expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT were lower, and those of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, cleaved IL-1β, and GSDMD-N were higher in PM2.5 group compared to those in control group. Whereas pre-administration of Ro reversed the expression trends of these proteins in lung tissue. Notably, those protective effects of Ro were not observed after pretreatment with a combination of Ro with nigericin or LY294002. These results indicate that Ro mitigates PM2.5-caused lung toxicity by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Caixia Pei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Zherui Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Sijing Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yilan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yongcan Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Shuiqin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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Sęczyk Ł, Sugier D, Dervişoğlu G, Özdemir FA, Kołodziej B. Phytochemical profile, in vitro bioaccessibility, and anticancer potential of golden root (Rhodiola rosea L.) extracts. Food Chem 2023; 404:134779. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bioactivity Profiles on 15 Different Effect Mechanisms for 15 Golden Root Products via High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, Planar Assays, and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041535. [PMID: 36838523 PMCID: PMC9959789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Planar chromatography has recently been combined with six different effect-directed assays for three golden root (Rhodiola rosea L.) samples. However, the profiles obtained showed an intense tailing, making zone differentiation impossible. The profiling was therefore improved to allow for the detection of individual bioactive compounds, and the range of samples was extended to 15 commercial golden root products. Further effect-directed assays were studied providing information on 15 different effect mechanisms, i.e., (1) tyrosinase, (2) acetylcholinesterase, (3) butyrylcholinesterase, (4) β-glucuronidase, and (5) α-amylase inhibition, as well as endocrine activity via the triplex planar yeast antagonist-verified (6-8) estrogen or (9-11) androgen screen, (12) genotoxicity via the planar SOS-Umu-C bioassay, antimicrobial activity against (13) Gram-negative Aliivibrio fischeri and (14) Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis bacteria, and (15) antioxidative activity (DPPH• radical scavengers). Most of the golden root profiles obtained were characteristic, but some samples differed substantially. The United States Pharmacopeia reference product showed medium activity in most of the assays. The six most active compound zones were further characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the mass signals obtained were tentatively assigned to molecular formulae. In addition to confirming the known activities, this study is the first to report that golden root constituents inhibit butyrylcholinesterase (rosin was tentatively assigned), β-glucuronidase (rosavin, rosarin, rosiridin, viridoside, and salidroside were tentatively assigned), and α-amylase (stearic acid and palmitic acid were tentatively assigned) and that they are genotoxic (hydroquinone was tentatively assigned) and are both agonistic and antagonistic endocrine active.
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Salidroside ameliorates orthopedic surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction by activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 929:175148. [PMID: 35834964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are the most common postoperative complications with few therapeutic options. Salidroside, a plant-derived compound, has gained increased attention as a treatment for various neurological diseases and particularly as a modifier of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. However, the effect of salidroside on orthopedic surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we found that salidroside greatly attenuated cognitive impairment in mice after orthopedic surgery. Neuroinflammation in the mouse hippocampus was also attenuated by salidroside. Meanwhile, salidroside treatment induced a switch in microglial polarization to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. In vitro, salidroside suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and induced a switch in microglial phenotype to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Mechanistically, molecular docking studies revealed the potential AMPK activation activity of salidroside. And salidroside did up-regulated the AMPK pathway proteins. Moreover, AMPK antagonist abolished the effects of salidroside in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our results demonstrated that salidroside effectively suppressed PND by suppressing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation through activating AMPK pathway, and it might be a novel therapeutic approach for PND.
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Nawrot J, Gornowicz-Porowska J, Budzianowski J, Nowak G, Schroeder G, Kurczewska J. Medicinal Herbs in the Relief of Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Symptoms after COVID-19 Infection A Literature Review. Cells 2022; 11:1897. [PMID: 35741026 PMCID: PMC9220793 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection causes complications, even in people who have had a mild course of the disease. The most dangerous seem to be neurological ailments: anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety-depressive (MAD) syndromes, and irreversible dementia. These conditions can negatively affect the respiratory system, circulatory system, and heart functioning. We believe that phytotherapy can be helpful in all of these conditions. Clinical trials confirm this possibility. The work presents plant materials (Valeriana officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Passiflora incarnata, Piper methysticum, Humulus lupulus, Ballota nigra, Hypericum perforatum, Rhodiola rosea, Lavandula officinalis, Paullinia cupana, Ginkgo biloba, Murraya koenigii, Crataegus monogyna and oxyacantha, Hedera helix, Polygala senega, Pelargonium sidoides, Lichen islandicus, Plantago lanceolata) and their dominant compounds (valeranon, valtrate, apigenin, citronellal, isovitexin, isoorientin, methysticin, humulone, farnesene, acteoside, hypericin, hyperforin, biapigenin, rosavidin, salidroside, linalool acetate, linalool, caffeine, ginkgolide, bilobalide, mihanimbine, epicatechin, hederacoside C,α-hederine, presegenin, umckalin, 6,7,8-trixydroxybenzopyranone disulfate, fumaroprotocetric acid, protolichesteric acid, aucubin, acteoside) responsible for their activity. It also shows the possibility of reducing post-COVID-19 neurological, respiratory, and cardiovascular complications, which can affect the functioning of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Nawrot
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.B.); (G.N.)
| | - Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.B.); (G.N.)
| | - Jaromir Budzianowski
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.B.); (G.N.)
| | - Gerard Nowak
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.B.); (G.N.)
| | - Grzegorz Schroeder
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu 5, Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (G.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Joanna Kurczewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu 5, Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (G.S.); (J.K.)
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Salidroside alleviates cadmium-induced toxicity in mice by restoring the notch/HES-1 and RIP1-driven inflammatory signaling axis. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:615-626. [PMID: 35583558 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Salidroside (SAL) is a marker glycoside of Rhodiola rosea with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other health benefits. In this study, we determined its neuroprotective effects against Cd-induced toxicity in cultured cells and mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS GL261 cell and Cd-intoxicated mouse model were used. ICP-MS and MWM were performed to measure Cd content and Cd-induced cognitive impairment in mice, respectively. RESULTS SAL attenuated Cd toxicity in GL261 cells as well as protected mice from substantial organic damage and cognitive deficits. SAL treatment alleviated Cd-induced oxidative stress, glial cell activation, and elevation of pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Cd-induced cognitive deficits observed in the Morris water maze in mice were rescued by SAL. At the mechanistic level, SAL maintained the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and GSH-Px in the serum and brain, and scavenged the peroxidation product MDA, thereby restoring redox homeostasis in vivo, attenuating neuronal damage, and ultimately antagonized Cd-induced toxicity. Furthermore, Cd activated the RIP1-driven inflammatory signaling pathway and Notch/HES-1 signaling axis in the brain, leading to inflammation and neuronal loss, which could be attenuated by SAL. CONCLUSION SAL is a natural product with good anti-Cd effects, indicating that Rhodiola rosea is promising plant that is worthy of cultivation for health and economic benefits.
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The Multifaceted Role of Neuroprotective Plants in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7020024. [PMID: 35314596 PMCID: PMC8938774 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired cognition, memory loss, and altered personality. Many of the available pharmaceutical treatments do not alter the onset of disease progression. Recently, alternatives to developed drug candidates have been explored including medicinal plants and herbal treatments for the treatment of AD. This article examines the role of herbal plant extracts and the neuroprotective effects as alternative modes of intervention for AD progression. These extracts contain key metabolites that culminate alterations in AD progression. The traditional plant extracts explored in this article induce a variety of beneficial properties, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and enhanced cognition, while also inducing activity on AD drug targets such as Aβ degradation. While these neuroprotective aspects for AD are relatively recent, there is great potential in the drug discovery aspect of these plant extracts for future use in AD treatment.
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Ji R, Jia FY, Chen X, Wang ZH, Jin WY, Yang J. Salidroside alleviates oxidative stress and apoptosis via AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in DHT-induced human granulosa cell line KGN. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 715:109094. [PMID: 34813774 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, emerging evidence established persistent oxidative stress to be a key player in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Particularly, it damages the function of granulosa cells, and thus hinders the development of follicles. The present study aimed to explore and establish the protective effects of salidroside on dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced Granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN), mediated via antioxidant mechanisms. The study assessed the positive effects of salidroside on DHT-induced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, damage of antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Interestingly, salidroside partly reversed DHT mediated effects, via stimulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and the downstream antioxidant proteins heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and quinine oxidoreductase 1(NQO1). Additionally, the knockdown of Nrf2 partly moderated the antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects of salidroside in DHT-treated KGN cells. Mechanistically, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was identified to be the upstream signaling involved in salidroside-induced Nrf2 activation, as silencing of AMPK partly prevented the upregulation of Nrf2 and the downstream proteins HO-1 and NQO1. Altogether, the present study is the first to effectively demonstrate the inhibitory effect of salidroside on DHT-stimulated oxidative stress and apoptosis in KGN cells, which was dependent on Nrf2 activation that involved AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ji
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Jia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China; Department of Aortic Surgery, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Hao Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Yi Jin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, China.
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Harfouche A, Alata W, Leblanc K, Heslaut G, Figadère B, Maciuk A. Label-free LC/HRMS-based enzymatic activity assay for the detection of DDC, MAO and COMT inhibitors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 212:114598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Hollá V, Karkeszová K, Antošová M, Polakovič M. Transglycosylation properties of a Kluyveromyces lactis enzyme preparation: Production of tyrosol β-fructoside using free and immobilized enzyme. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bi H, Qu G, Wang S, Zhuang Y, Sun Z, Liu T, Ma Y. Biosynthesis of a rosavin natural product in Escherichia coli by glycosyltransferase rational design and artificial pathway construction. Metab Eng 2021; 69:15-25. [PMID: 34715353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are rich resources for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical agents. A key challenge of accessing these precious compounds can present significant bottlenecks for development. The cinnamyl alcohol disaccharides also known as rosavins are the major bioactive ingredients of the notable medicinal plant Rhodiola rosea L. Cinnamyl-(6'-O-β-xylopyranosyl)-O-β-glucopyranoside (rosavin E) is a natural rosavin analogue with the arabinopyranose unit being replaced by its diastereomer xylose, which was only isolated in minute quantity from R. rosea. Herein, we described the de novo production of rosavin E in Escherichia coli. The 1,6-glucosyltransferase CaUGT3 was engineered into a xylosyltransferase converting cinnamyl alcohol monoglucoside (rosin) into rosavin E by replacing the residue T145 with valine. The enzyme activity was further elevated 2.9 times by adding the mutation N375Q. The synthesis of rosavin E from glucose was achieved with a titer of 92.9 mg/L by combining the variant CaUGT3T145V/N375Q, the UDP-xylose synthase from Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 (SmUXS) and enzymes for rosin biosynthesis into a phenylalanine overproducing E. coli strain. The production of rosavin E was further elevated by co-overexpressing UDP-xylose synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtUXS3) and SmUXS, and the titer in a 5 L bioreactor with fed-batch fermentation reached 782.0 mg/L. This work represents an excellent example of producing a natural product with a disaccharide chain by glycosyltransferase engineering and artificial pathway construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yibin Zhuang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
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21
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Makri S, Raftopoulou S, Kafantaris I, Kotsampasi B, Christodoulou V, Nepka C, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Biofunctional Feed Supplemented With By-products of Olive Oil Production Improves Tissue Antioxidant Profile of Lambs. In Vivo 2021; 34:1811-1821. [PMID: 32606151 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a byproduct of olive oil production. The aim of the study was to estimate the redox profile of lambs' vital organs after consumption of an OMW-supplemented feed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four lambs received breast milk until day 15. Then, they were divided in two groups: control and OMW, n=12 each. The control group received standard ration, while the OMW group received OMW enriched feed along with mother's milk until day 42 and animals (n=6 per group) were sacrificed. The remaining 12 received the feeds until day 70 and sacrificed. Tissue samples were collected at day 42 and 70 and specific redox biomarkers were assessed. RESULTS Overall, the OMW feed improved tissue redox profile by affecting the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase (γ-GCL) expression in all tested tissues. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was not affected. CONCLUSION The polyphenol-rich byproduct reinforced lamb redox profile and may putatively improve their wellness and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sofia Raftopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Basiliki Kotsampasi
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Vladimiros Christodoulou
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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22
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Nikolaichuk H, Typek R, Gnat S, Studziński M, Choma IM. Effect-directed analysis as a method for quality and authenticity estimation of Rhodiola rosea L. preparations. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462217. [PMID: 34034112 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adulterations of food and pharmaceutical preparations are the important global problem. On the one hand, fraud practices are becoming more and more sophisticated while on the other, monitoring and uncovering falsifications are insufficient. One of the most common consumer concern is the quality and authenticity of the purchased products, related to the confidence that they have composition and properties in accordance with the manufacturer's declaration on the label. This refers also to pharmaceuticals potentially delivering great health benefits such as Rhodiola rosea L. supplements. The aim of this study was defining authenticity and possible adulterations of two R. rosea preparations basing on their TLC-bioprofiles and the presence of biomarker compounds characteristic for this plant. The effect-directed analysis (EDA), i.e. TLC hyphenated with micro-chemical and biological assays performed directly on TLC plates followed by HPLC-ESI-MS was used for the bioprofiling of antioxidants, antibacterials, and inhibitors of lipase, acetylcholine, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase as well as for the identification of the biomarkers. The results pointed to the possible adulteration of one of the tested products related to the absence of two rosavins, the most important quality markers of R. rosea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Nikolaichuk
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska sq.3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Typek
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska sq.3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka Str. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Studziński
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska sq.3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena Maria Choma
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska sq.3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
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Li N, Chen K, Bai J, Geng Z, Tang Y, Hou Y, Fan F, Ai X, Hu Y, Meng X, Wang X, Zhang Y. Tibetan medicine Duoxuekang ameliorates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury in mice by restoration of cerebrovascular function. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113629. [PMID: 33246120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Duoxuekang (DXK, ཁྲག་འཕེལ་བདེ་བྱེད།) is a clinical experience prescription of CuoRu-Cailang, a famous Tibetan medicine master, which has effective advantages in the treatment of hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced brain injury. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DXK on cerebrovascular function of HH-induced brain injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS DSC-MR imaging was used to evaluate the effect of DXK on the brain blood perfusion of patients with hypoxic brain injury. HPLC analysis was used to detect the content of salidroside, gallic acid, tyrosol, corilagin, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin, quercetin and gingerol in DXK. The model of HH-induced brain injury in mice was established by an animal hypobaric and hypoxic chamber. The BABL/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, Hongjingtian oral liquid group (HOL, 3.3 ml/kg) and DXK groups (0.9, 1.8 and 3.6 g/kg). All mice (except the control group) were intragastrically administrated for a continuous 7 days and put into the animal hypobaric and hypoxic chamber after the last intragastric administration. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to evaluate the pathological changes of brain tissue. Masson and Weigert stainings were used to detect the content of collagen fibers and elastic fibers of brain, respectively. Routine blood test and biochemical kits were used to analyze hematological parameters and oxidative stress indices. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to detect the protein levels of VEGF, CD31/vWF and α-SMA. RESULTS The results of DSC-MR imaging confirmed that DXK can increased CBV in the left temporal lobe while decreased MTT in the right frontal lobe, right temporal lobe and right occipital lobe of the brain. DXK contains salidroside, gallic acid, tyrosol, corilagin, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin, quercetin and gingerol. Compared with the model group, DXK can ameliorate the atrophy and deformation, and increase the number of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA3 area and cortical neurocytes. Masson and Weigert stainings results revealed that DXK can significantly increase the content of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in brain. Routine blood test results demonstrated that DXK can dramatically decrease the levels of WBC, MCH and MCHC, while increase RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV and PLT in the blood samples. Biochemical results revealed that DXK can markedly increase SOD, CAT and GSH activities, while decrease MDA activity. Immunofluorescence revealed that DXK can notably increase the protein levels of VEGF, CD31/vWF and α-SMA. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study proved that DXK can ameliorate HH-induced brain injury by improving brain blood perfusion, increasing the number of collagen and elastic fibers and inhibiting oxidative stress injury. The underlying mechanisms may be involved in maintaining the integrity of cerebrovascular endothelial cells and vascular function. However, further in vivo and in vitro investigations are still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of DXK on regulating cerebral blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zangjia Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ya Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Exercise and Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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24
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Zhang X, Chen X, Wang L, He C, Shi Z, Fu Q, Xu W, Zhang S, Hu S. Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:617559. [PMID: 33658941 PMCID: PMC7917257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.617559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation damage refers to acute, delayed, or chronic tissue damage associated with ionizing radiation. Specific or effective therapeutic options for systemic injuries induced by ionizing radiation have not been developed. Studies have shown that Chinese herbal Medicine or Chinese Herbal Prescription exhibit preventive properties against radiation damage. These medicines inhibit tissue injuries and promote repair with very minimal side effects. This study reviews traditional Chinese herbal medicines and prescriptions with radiation protective effects as well as their mechanisms of action. The information obtained will guide the development of alternative radioprotectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sumin Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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25
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Ekstrand B, Scheers N, Rasmussen MK, Young JF, Ross AB, Landberg R. Brain foods - the role of diet in brain performance and health. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:693-708. [PMID: 32989449 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of the human brain is based on an interplay between the inherited genotype and external environmental factors, including diet. Food and nutrition, essential in maintenance of brain performance, also aid in prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Both the overall composition of the human diet and specific dietary components have been shown to have an impact on brain function in various experimental models and epidemiological studies. This narrative review provides an overview of the role of diet in 5 key areas of brain function related to mental health and performance, including: (1) brain development, (2) signaling networks and neurotransmitters in the brain, (3) cognition and memory, (4) the balance between protein formation and degradation, and (5) deteriorative effects due to chronic inflammatory processes. Finally, the role of diet in epigenetic regulation of brain physiology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ekstrand
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Scheers
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Alastair B Ross
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,AgResearch, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Lee AY, Choi JM, Lee YA, Shin SH, Cho EJ. Beneficial effect of black rice ( Oryza sativa L. var. japonica ) extract on amyloid β-induced cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:64. [PMID: 32963594 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent progressive neurodegenerative disease, resulting in memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) has been identified as the most important risk factor for AD. Black rice (BR; Oryza sativa L. var. japonica), which is widely consumed in Asia, is a good source of bioactive compounds including anthocyanins. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of BR extracts against Aβ25-35-induced memory impairment in an in vivo AD mouse model. After intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35, mice were treated with BR extract supplementation for 14 days. Memory and cognition function were evaluated over this period in both treated and untreated animals using T-maze, novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests. After behavioral tests, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in brain, liver and kidney tissues were analyzed. Mice treated with Aβ25-35 had impaired memory and cognitive function; however, mice administered BR extract (100 mg/kg/day) demonstrated an improvement in cognition and memory function compared with the Aβ25-35-injected control group. Furthermore, injection of Aβ25-35 significantly increased MDA and NO generation in the brain, liver and kidney of mice. However, the group administered with BR extract had significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation and NO generation in the brain, liver and kidney. In addition, the protective effect of BR on lipid peroxidation and NO production by Aβ25-35 was stronger in the brain compared with other tissues. Collectively, these findings suggested that BR supplementation may prevent memory and cognition deficits caused by Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Lee
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Research Institute of Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hwa Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Research Institute of Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Research Institute of Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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27
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Li T, Wang W. Salidroside shows anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects by activating the Nrf2-ARE pathway in a pentylenetetrazol-kindling epileptic model. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:14-20. [PMID: 32800786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence points towards oxidative stress and neuroinflammation being major processes associated with brain dysfunction in epilepsy. Salidroside reportedly possesses anti-oxidative activity and neuroprotective potential, in addition to exerting an anti-neuroinflammatory response. This study was designed to evaluate the anticonvulsant and neuroprotective role of salidroside in rats with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling and to explore the underlying mechanism. Male Wistar rats were administered a sub-convulsive dose of PTZ (35 mg/kg) every other day for 15 injections, and salidroside (50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally along with alternate-day PTZ. The seizure degree, cognitive function, and number of hippocampal neurons were investigated. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor- antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signaling pathways, oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory cytokines were also observed. Our study showed that salidroside treatment suppressed the kindling acquisition process, ameliorated cognitive impairment, and rescued the number of pyramidal neurons in the CA3 regions. Salidroside treatment could activate the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway, and suppressed oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Our findings demonstrated that salidroside exerted anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects in epileptic rats by activating the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Wu
- Health management department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace Clinical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yarui Wu
- Health management department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace Clinical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Inovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Inovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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28
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Zhong L, Peng L, Fu J, Zou L, Zhao G, Zhao J. Phytochemical, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata. Molecules 2020; 25:E3664. [PMID: 32806502 PMCID: PMC7464835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical components, as well as the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil (EO) and crude extracts prepared from Rhodiola crenulata were investigated. The essential oil was separated by hydrodistillation, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify its constituents. A total of twenty-seven compounds was identified from the EO, and its major components were 1-octanol (42.217%), geraniol (19.914%), and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol (13.151%). Solvent extraction and fractionation were applied for preparing the ethanol extract (crude extract, CE), petroleum ether extract (PE), ethyl acetate extract (EE), n-butanol extract (BE), and water extract (WE). The CE, EE and BE were abundant in phenols and flavonoids, and EE had the highest total phenol and total flavonoid contents. Gallic acid, ethyl gallate, rosavin and herbacetin were identified in the EE. The antibacterial activity results showed that the EO exhibited moderate inhibitory activity to the typical clinic bacteria, and EE exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity among the five extracts. For the compounds, ethyl gallate showed the strongest inhibitory activity to the test bacteria, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value for all the tested bacteria was 0.24 mg/mL and 0.48 mg/mL, respectively. The results of antioxidant activity showed that both CE and EE exhibited strong antioxidant activities in the DPPH radical scavenging and Fe2+ reducing power tests, however, EO showed relatively weaker antioxidant ability. Ethyl gallate and rosavin exhibited excellent activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, and their IC50 value was 5.3 µg/mL and 5.9 µg/mL, respectively. Rosavin showed better reduction power activity than the other three compounds. These results could provide more evidence for the traditional use of R. crenulata, and would be helpful for improving its application further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhong
- College of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.Z.); (J.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.P.); (L.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.P.); (L.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jia Fu
- College of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.P.); (L.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.P.); (L.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; (L.P.); (L.Z.); (G.Z.)
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29
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Wang CH, Safwan S, Cheng MC, Liao TY, Cheng LC, Chen TA, Kuo YH, Lin YF, Lee CK. Protective Evaluation of Compounds Extracted from Root of Rhodiola rosea L. against Methylglyoxal-Induced Toxicity in a Neuronal Cell Line. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122801. [PMID: 32560471 PMCID: PMC7356100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. (R. rosea) is one of the most beneficial medicinal plants and it is studied as an adaptogen. This study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of compounds extracted from the root of R. rosea against methylglyoxal (MG)-induced apoptosis in neuro-2A (N2A) cells. The root of R. rosea was extracted with ethanol and partitioned with water, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions to evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity and neuroprotective activity. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest values of AChE inhibitory activity (49.2% ± 3%) and cell viability (50.7% ± 4.8%) for neuroprotection. The structure identification of the most potential fraction (ethyl acetate fraction) revealed 15 compounds, consisting of three tannins, five flavonoids, and seven phenolics by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy. All compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective activity. Salidroside had the most potential neuroprotective activity. Gallic acid and methyl gallate had potential cytotoxicity in N2A cells. This study showed that R. rosea might have potential neuroprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Wang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Safwan Safwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram 83127, Indonesia
| | - Min-Chi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.); (L.-C.C.); (T.-A.C.)
| | - Te-Yu Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.); (L.-C.C.); (T.-A.C.)
| | - Lin-Chen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.); (L.-C.C.); (T.-A.C.)
| | - Ting-An Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.); (L.-C.C.); (T.-A.C.)
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Feng Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.L.); (C.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3321) (Y.-F.L.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6150) (C.-K.L.)
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.); (L.-C.C.); (T.-A.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.L.); (C.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3321) (Y.-F.L.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6150) (C.-K.L.)
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30
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Wei G, Xu X, Tong H, Wang X, Chen Y, Ding Y, Zhang S, Ju W, Fu C, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation through AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8151-8166. [PMID: 32352928 PMCID: PMC7244060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside is the main bioactive component in Rhodiola rosea and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties. However, whether salidroside affects platelet function remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate salidroside’s effect on platelet function. Human or mouse platelets were treated with salidroside (0-20 μM) for 1 hour at 37°C. Platelet aggregation, granule secretion, and receptors expression were measured together with detection of platelet spreading and clot retraction. In addition, salidroside (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice followed by measuring tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombosis. Salidroside inhibited thrombin- or CRP-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release and did not affect the expression of P-selectin, glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, GPVI and αIIbβ3. Salidroside-treated platelets presented decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and reduced clot retraction with decreased phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk and PLCγ2. Additionally, salidroside significantly impaired hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombus formation in mice. Moreover, in thrombin-stimulated platelets, salidroside inhibited phosphorylation of AKT (T308/S473) and GSK3β (Ser9). Further, addition of GSK3β inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of salidroside on platelet aggregation and clot retraction. In conclusion, salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombosis via AKT/GSK3β signaling, suggesting that salidroside may be a novel therapeutic drug for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiamin Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
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31
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Limanaqi F, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Polzella M, Fabrizi C, Fornai F. Potential Antidepressant Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis, Hericium erinaceus and Rhodiola rosea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030234. [PMID: 32178272 PMCID: PMC7139475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies focused on the pharmacology and feasibility of herbal compounds as a potential strategy to target a variety of human diseases ranging from metabolic to brain disorders. Accordingly, bioactive ingredients which are found within a variety of herbal compounds are reported to produce both neuroprotective and psychotropic activities which may help to combat mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and cognitive alterations. In the present manuscript, we focus on three herbs which appear effective in mitigating anxiety or depression with favourable risk-benefit profiles, namely Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis), Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) and Rhodiola rosea (R. rosea). These three traditional folk medicinal herbs target the main biochemical events that are implicated in mental disorders, mimicking, to some extent, the mechanisms of action of conventional antidepressants and mood stabilizers with a wide margin of tolerability. In detail, they rescue alterations in neurotransmitter and neuro-endocrine systems, stimulate neurogenesis and the synthesis of neurotrophic factors, and they counteract oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Albeit the encouraging results that emerge from both experimental and clinical evidence, further studies are needed to confirm and better understand the mental-health promoting, and specifically, the antidepressant effects of these herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Carla Letizia Busceti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Maico Polzella
- Aliveda Laboratories, Viale Karol Wojtyla, 19, 56042 Lorenzana, (PI), Italy;
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161, Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy;
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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32
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Nikolaichuk H, Studziński M, Choma IM. Effect directed detection of Rhodiola rosea L. root and rhizome extract. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1725549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Nikolaichuk
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Studziński
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena Maria Choma
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
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33
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Neuroprotective Effects of Salidroside in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1133-1142. [PMID: 32002777 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia worldwide, is characterized by pathological hallmarks like β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and clinical manifestations including cognitive impairment, psychiatry disorders, and behavioral changes. Salidroside (Sal) extracted from Rhodiola rosea L. showed protective effects against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in a Drosophila AD model in our previous research. In the present study, daily doses of Sal were administered to APP/PS1 mice, a mouse model of AD, and several parameters were tested, including behavioral performance, Aβ status, levels of synapse-related proteins, and levels of PI3K/Akt targets of mTOR cell signaling pathway proteins. The behavioral testing showed an improvement in locomotor activity in the APP/PS1 mice after the administration of Sal. Treatment with Sal decreased both the soluble and insoluble Aβ levels and increased the expression of PSD95, NMDAR1, and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. The phosphatidylinositide PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling was upregulated, which was in accordance with the above improvements from Sal treatment. Our findings suggested that Sal may protect the damaged synapses of the neurons in the APP/PS1 mice.
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34
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Bai XL, Deng XL, Wu GJ, Li WJ, Jin S. Rhodiola and salidroside in the treatment of metabolic disorders. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1611-1626. [PMID: 31481002 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190903115424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, the knowledge gained about the mechanisms that underpin the potential use of Rhodiola in stress- and ageing-associated disorders has increased, and provided a universal framework for studies that focused on the use of Rhodiola in preventing or curing metabolic diseases. Of particular interest is the emerging role of Rhodiola in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Moreover, over the last two decades, great efforts have been undertaken to unravel the underlying mechanisms of action of Rhodiola in the treatment of metabolic disorders. Extracts of Rhodiola and salidroside, the most abundant active compound in Rhodiola, are suggested to provide a beneficial effect in mental, behavioral, and metabolic disorders. Both in vivo and ex vivo studies, Rhodiola extracts and salidroside ameliorate metabolic disorders when administered acutely or prior to experimental injury. The mechanism involved includes multi-target effects by modulating various synergistic pathways that control oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondria, autophagy, and cell death, as well as AMPK signaling that is associated with possible beneficial effects on metabolic disorders. However, evidence-based data supporting the effectiveness of Rhodiola or salidroside in treating metabolic disorders is limited. Therefore, a comprehensive review of available trials showing putative treatment strategies of metabolic disorders that include both clinical effective perspectives and fundamental molecular mechanisms is warranted. This review highlights studies that focus on the potential role of Rhodiola extracts and salidroside in type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis, the two most common metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Li Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guang-Jie Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Si Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
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Yang L, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Li X, Zhang C, Mao T, Liu S, Tian Z. Anti-gastric cancer effect of Salidroside through elevating miR-99a expression. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3500-3510. [PMID: 31432697 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1652626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside is an active ingredient extracted from Rhodiola rosea that has anti-tumor activities. The current paper attempted to assess the impact of Salidroside on gastric cancer (GC) and explore the potential mechanism. GC cell lines (SNU-216 and MGC803) and gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 were treated with Salidroside. CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay were respectively performed to evaluate GC cells phenotype. qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to reveal the downstream genes and signaling of Salidroside. We found that 800 μM Salidroside was capable of reducing GC cells viability, while has no such impacts on GES-1 cells. Salidroside inhibited GC cells proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis, which coupled with the down-regulation of p21, Bcl-2, MMP2, RhoA, p-ROCK1, Vimentin and the up-regulations of CyclinD1, Bax, cleaved caspases. miR-99a was found to be highly expressed in response to Salidroside treatment. Besides, the inhibition of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling induced by Salidroside was attenuated by miR-99a silence and in this process, IGF1R worked as a target of miR-99a. The anti-GC effect of Salidroside was also confirmed in a mouse model of GC. The promoting effect of Salidroside on miR-99a expression was also verified in vivo. Furthermore, Salidroside promoted the cisplatin-sensitivity of SGC7901/DDP cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Salidroside possessed anti-GC effects through regulating miR-99a/IGF1R axis and inhibiting MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Yanan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Tao Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Siliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
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Pu WL, Zhang MY, Bai RY, Sun LK, Li WH, Yu YL, Zhang Y, Song L, Wang ZX, Peng YF, Shi H, Zhou K, Li TX. Anti-inflammatory effects of Rhodiola rosea L.: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109552. [PMID: 31715370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L., a worldwide botanical adaptogen, has been confirmed to possess protective effects of inflammatory injury for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, sepsis, and cancer. This paper is to review the recent clinical and experimental researches about the anti-inflammatory effects and the related mechanisms of Rhodiola rosea L. extracts, preparations, and the active compounds. From the collected information reviewed, this paper will provide the theoretical basis for its clinical application, and provide the evidences or guidance for future studies and medicinal exploitations of Rhodiola rosea L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Pu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Meng-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ru-Yu Bai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li-Kang Sun
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Li
- College of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University (Tibetan National University), Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ying-Li Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lei Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhao-Xin Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan-Fei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tian-Xiang Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Neuroprotective potential of Myrciaria plinioides D. Legrand extract in an in vitro human neuroblastoma model. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:737-748. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Vyas S, Kothari S, Kachhwaha S. Nootropic medicinal plants: Therapeutic alternatives for Alzheimer’s disease. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Panossian A, Seo EJ, Efferth T. Effects of anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic herbal extracts on gene expression of eicosanoids signaling pathways in isolated brain cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:152881. [PMID: 30987861 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The adaptogens modulate expression of genes playing key roles in development of aging-related disorders, which are considered as low-grade systemic inflammatory conditions characterized by an imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. AIM OF THE STUDY We compared the effects of anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic plant extracts on the expression of genes involved in biosynthesis of eicosanoids with the purpose to find those plants, which selectively upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory lipoxins signaling pathways and inhibited pro-inflammatory signaling pathways associated with biosynthesis of leukotrienes, prostaglandins and thromboxanes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing to profile gene expression alterations in T98G neuroglia cells upon treatment of plant extract and analyzed the relevance of deregulated genes to eicosanoids signaling pathways using in silico models. RESULTS For the first time, we demonstrated that Rhodiola rosea, Withania somnifera and Eleutherococcus senticosus downregulate the expression of key genes (ALOX5AP, DPEP2, LTC4S) involved biosynthesis of leukotrienes A, B, C, D and E, resulting in inhibition of leukotriene signaling pathway suggesting their potential benefits in Alzheimer disease. The common feature for all tested anti-inflammatory plants extracts was related to downregulation of ALOX12, which was also associated with neuroprotective action of these medicinal plants as well as their potential benefits in neurodegenerative diseases. None of tested anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic plants selectively activated the ALOX15-mediated signaling pathway, which is associated with generation anti-inflammatory lipoxins. Almost all tested plants upregulated the expression of the prostaglandin E receptor 3 gene (PTGER3) suggesting their potential benefits in the treatment of cancer. CONCLUSION Every single plant tested in this study revealed a specific "signature" on eicosanoid signaling-related gene expression, regardless of their common features as anti-inflammatory or adaptogenic activity. Further studies of the combination of Rhodiola with Withania (Adaptra) for the treatment of Alzheimer disease are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Panossian
- EuroPharma USA Inc., 955 Challenger Dr., Green Bay, WI 54311 USA; Phytomed AB, Vaxtorp, Sweden.
| | - Ean-Jeong Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Zhuang W, Yue L, Dang X, Chen F, Gong Y, Lin X, Luo Y. Rosenroot ( Rhodiola): Potential Applications in Aging-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2019; 10:134-146. [PMID: 30705774 PMCID: PMC6345333 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive accumulation of changes in the body, which increases the susceptibility to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, Chinese medicinal herbs have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of some aging-related diseases. Rhodiola, known as 'Hongjingtian' in Chinese, has been reported to have anti-aging activity. Here, we provide a comprehensive review about its origin, chemical constituents, and effects on aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lifeng Yue
- 2Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaofang Dang
- 3Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of T.C.M.S Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Fei Chen
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuewen Gong
- 4College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 0T5, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- 5Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Zhang W, Huai Y, Miao Z, Chen C, Shahen M, Rahman SU, Alagawany M, El-Hack MEA, Zhao H, Qian A. Systems pharmacology approach to investigate the molecular mechanisms of herb Rhodiola rosea L. radix. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 45:456-464. [PMID: 30449200 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1546316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. radix (RRL) is one of the most popular medical herb which has been widely used for the treatment of different diseases effectively, including cardiovascular diseases and nerve system diseases. However, due to the multiple compounds in RRL, the underlying molecular mechanisms of RRL are remained unclear. To decipher the action mechanisms of RRL from a systematic perspective, a systems pharmacology approach integrated absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) system, drug targeting, and network analysis was introduced. First, by the ADME screening system and the target fishing process, 56 potential active compounds and 62 targets were obtained, respectively. In addition, compound-target network demonstrated that most compounds interacted with multiple targets, indicating that RRL may enhance its therapeutic effects probably through hitting on multiple targets in a holistic level. Moreover, target-pathway network and gene ontology analysis showed that multiple targets of RRL were involved in several biological pathways, i.e. Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, and VEGF signaling pathway, which dissecting the therapeutic effects of RRL on various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, depression, adaptation diseases, etc. In summary, this work successfully explains the potential active compounds and the multi-scale curative action mechanisms of RRL for treating various diseases; meanwhile, it implies that RRL could be applied as a novel therapeutic agent in arthritic diseases. Most importantly, this work provides an in silico strategy to understand the action mechanisms of herbal medicines from molecular/system levels, which will promote the new drug development of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- a Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huai
- a Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Miao
- a Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Chen
- b Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital , Xi'an JiaoTong University College of Medicine , Xi'an , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamed Shahen
- c Zoology Department, Faculty of Science , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Siddiq Ur Rahman
- d College of Life Sciences , Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- e Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- e Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Heping Zhao
- b Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital , Xi'an JiaoTong University College of Medicine , Xi'an , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China
| | - Airong Qian
- a Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
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Panossian A, Seo EJ, Efferth T. Novel molecular mechanisms for the adaptogenic effects of herbal extracts on isolated brain cells using systems biology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 50:257-284. [PMID: 30466987 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adaptogens are natural compounds or plant extracts that increase adaptability and survival of organisms under stress. Adaptogens stimulate cellular and organismal defense systems by activating intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways and expression of stress-activated proteins and neuropeptides. The effects adaptogens on mediators of adaptive stress response and longevity signaling pathways have been reported, but their stress-protective mechanisms are still not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to identify key molecular mechanisms of adaptogenic plants traditionally used to treat stress and aging-related disorders, i.e., Rhodiola rosea, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Withania somnifera, Rhaponticum carthamoides, and Bryonia alba. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of adaptogens, we conducted RNA sequencing to profile gene expression alterations in T98G neuroglia cells upon treatment of adaptogens and analyzed the relevance of deregulated genes to adaptive stress-response signaling pathways using in silico pathway analysis software. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION At least 88 of the 3516 genes regulated by adaptogens were closely associated with adaptive stress response and adaptive stress-response signaling pathways (ASRSPs), including neuronal signaling related to corticotropin-releasing hormone, cAMP-mediated, protein kinase A, and CREB; pathways related to signaling involving CXCR4, melatonin, nitric oxide synthase, GP6, Gαs, MAPK, neuroinflammation, neuropathic pain, opioids, renin-angiotensin, AMPK, calcium, and synapses; and pathways associated with dendritic cell maturation and G-coupled protein receptor-mediated nutrient sensing in enteroendocrine cells. All samples tested showed significant effects on the expression of genes encoding neurohormones CRH, GNRH, UCN, G-protein-coupled and other transmembrane receptors TLR9, PRLR, CHRNE, GP1BA, PLXNA4, a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor RORA, transmembrane channels, transcription regulators FOS, FOXO6, SCX, STAT5A, ZFPM2, ZNF396, ZNF467, protein kinases MAPK10, MAPK13, MERTK, FLT1, PRKCH, ROS1, TTN), phosphatases PTPRD, PTPRR, peptidases, metabolic enzymes, a chaperone (HSPA6), and other proteins, all of which modulate numerous life processes, playing key roles in several canonical pathways involved in defense response and regulation of homeostasis in organisms. It is for the first time we report that the molecular mechanism of actions of melatonin and plant adaptogens are alike, all adaptogens tested activated the melatonin signaling pathway by acting through two G-protein-coupled membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 and upregulation of the ligand-specific nuclear receptor RORA, which plays a role in intellectual disability, neurological disorders, retinopathy, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cancer, which are common in aging. Furthermore, melatonin activated adaptive signaling pathways and upregulated expression of UCN, GNRH1, TLR9, GP1BA, PLXNA4, CHRM4, GPR19, VIPR2, RORA, STAT5A, ZFPM2, ZNF396, FLT1, MAPK10, MERTK, PRKCH, and TTN, which were commonly regulated by all adaptogens tested. We conclude that melatonin is an adaptation hormone playing an important role in regulation of homeostasis. Adaptogens presumably worked as eustressors ("stress-vaccines") to activate the cellular adaptive system by inducing the expression of ASRSPs, which then reciprocally protected cells from damage caused by distress. Functional investigation by interactive pathways analysis demonstrated that adaptogens activated ASRSPs associated with stress-induced and aging-related disorders such as chronic inflammation, cardiovascular health, neurodegenerative cognitive impairment, metabolic disorders, and cancer. CONCLUSION This study has elucidated the genome-wide effects of several adaptogenic herbal extracts in brain cells culture. These data highlight the consistent activation of ASRSPs by adaptogens in T98G neuroglia cells. The extracts affected many genes playing key roles in modulation of adaptive homeostasis, indicating their ability to modify gene expression to prevent stress-induced and aging-related disorders. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive look at the molecular mechanisms by which adaptogens exerts stress-protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ean-Jeong Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz 55128, Germany.
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Carrero-Carralero C, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Calvillo I, Martínez-Castro I, Soria A, Ramos L, Sanz M. Gas chromatographic-based techniques for the characterization of low molecular weight carbohydrates and phenylalkanoid glycosides of Sedum roseum root supplements. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1570:116-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Rhodiola rosea, a protective antioxidant for intense physical exercise: An in vitro study. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Yang M, Tao J, Wu H, Zhang L, Yao Y, Liu L, Zhu T, Fan H, Cui X, Dou H, Liu G. Responses of Transgenic Melatonin-Enriched Goats on LPS Stimulation and the Proteogenomic Profiles of Their PBMCs. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082406. [PMID: 30111707 PMCID: PMC6121286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity of melatonin (MT) has been well documented; however, little is known regarding endogenously occurring MT in this respect, especially for large animals. In the current study, we created a MT-enriched animal model (goats) overexpressing the MT synthetase gene Aanat. The responses of these animals to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation were systematically studied. It was found that LPS treatment exacerbated the inflammatory response in wild-type (WT) goats and increased their temperature to 40 °C. In addition, their granulocyte counts were also significantly elevated. In contrast, these symptoms were not observed in transgenic goats with LPS treatment. The rescue study with MT injection into WT goats who were treated with LPS confirmed that the protective effects in transgenic goats against LPS were attributed to a high level of endogenously produced MT. The proteomic analysis in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from the transgenic animals uncovered several potential mechanisms. MT suppressed the lysosome formation as well as its function by downregulation of the lysosome-associated genes Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2), Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), and Arylsulfatase B (ARSB). A high level of MT enhanced the antioxidant capacity of these cells to reduce the cell apoptosis induced by the LPS. In addition, the results also uncovered previously unknown information that showed that MT may have protective effects on some human diseases, including tuberculosis, bladder cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis, by downregulation of these disease-associated genes. All these observations warranted further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Jingli Tao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Yujun Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Lixi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Tianqi Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Hao Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Xudai Cui
- Qingdao Sanuels Industrial & Commercial Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Haoran Dou
- Qingdao Sanuels Industrial & Commercial Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Guoshi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
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Zhong Z, Han J, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Hu J, Chen L. Pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action, and safety of salidroside in the central nervous system. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1479-1489. [PMID: 29872270 PMCID: PMC5973445 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s160776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this review article was to summarize comprehensive information related to the neuropharmacological activity, mechanisms of action, toxicity, and safety of salidroside in medicine. A number of studies have revealed that salidroside exhibits neuroprotective activities, including anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-Parkinson's disease, anti-Huntington's disease, anti-stroke, anti-depressive effects, and anti-traumatic brain injury; it is also useful for improving cognitive function, treating addiction, and preventing epilepsy. The mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside involvement are the regulation of oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmission, neural regeneration, and the cholinergic system. Being free of side effects makes salidroside potentially attractive as a candidate drug for the treatment of neurological disorders. It is evident from the available published literature that salidroside has potential use as a beneficial therapeutic medicine with high efficacy and low toxicity to the central nervous system. However, the definite target protein molecules remain unclear, and clinical trials regarding this are currently insufficient; thus, guidance for further research on the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of salidroside is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Dimpfel W, Schombert L, Panossian AG. Assessing the Quality and Potential Efficacy of Commercial Extracts of Rhodiola rosea L. by Analyzing the Salidroside and Rosavin Content and the Electrophysiological Activity in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation, a Synaptic Model of Memory. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:425. [PMID: 29881348 PMCID: PMC5976749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. roots and rhizome extracts are active ingredients in adaptogenic herbal medicinal products (HMP) and dietary supplements for temporary relief of symptoms of stress, such as fatigue and weakness. R. rosea extract has a stimulating effect on the CNS, suggesting potential benefits on cognitive functions, memory, learning, and attention. The reproducible efficacy and quality of preparations of the underground parts of R. rosea depend on the highly variable content of the active markers, salidroside and rosavin, which affect the quality of HMP and dietary supplements. However, it is not clear which analytical markers are important for assessing the efficacy of R. rosea preparations intended for use in aging-induced mild cognitive disorders, such as attenuated memory, attention, and learning. Furthermore, the activity of various commercial R. rosea extracts has not been correlated with their content. Here, the biological activities of salidroside, rosavin, and seven commercial extracts of underground parts of R. rosea were assessed using a synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in hippocampus slices. A high degree of variation in the content of all active markers was observed. One extract from China lacked rosavin, and there was even variation in the extracts from the Altai geographic region. In vitro, rosavin, salidroside and all tested R. rosea extracts potentiated electric stimulation of an intra-hippocampal electric circuit, which resulted in higher responses of the pyramidal cells in isolated hippocampus slices. Rosavin was more active at higher concentrations than salidroside; while, salidroside was more effective at lower concentrations. The highest content of both active markers was found in the extracts that were active at the lowest concentrations tested; while, some extracts contained some other compounds that presumably reduced the efficacy due to antagonistic interactions. Standardized content of active markers is necessary for the quality control of herbal preparations containing R. rosea extracts, but insufficient for assessment of their potential efficacy. Additional bioassays are needed to assure the reproducible pharmacological activity of R. rosea extracts; therefore, the LTP of synaptic transmission in hippocampus slices may serve as a validation tool for the quality control of R. rosea extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Dimpfel
- Department of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Influence of salidroside, a neuroactive compound of Rhodiola rosea L., on alcohol tolerance development in rats. HERBA POLONICA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: In recent years, the search for potential neuroprotective properties of salidroside and its ability to influence the activity of nervous system become the subject of intense studies of many research groups. None of these studies, however, include an attempt to determine the effect of salidroside on the course of alcohol tolerance in vivo.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of salidroside to inhibit the development of alcohol tolerance in rats, determining whether the effect of its action may occur in a dose-dependent manner, reducing both metabolic and central tolerance without affecting body temperature in control rats.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were injected daily with ethanol at a dose of 3 g/kg for 9 consecutive days to produce ethanol tolerance. Salidroside in two doses (4.5 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg b.w.) or vehiculum was administered orally. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 8th day a hypothermic effect of ethanol was measured, while the loss of righting reflex procedure was performed on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 7th day. On the 9th day rats were treated with salidroside, sacrificed 1 h after ethanol injections and blood was collected for blood-ethanol concentration measurement.
Results: Salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to hypothermic and sedative effects of ethanol, whereas insignificant elevation of blood-ethanol concentration was observed. The dose of 4.5 mg/kg b.w. had minimal effect, only small inhibition of tolerance to hypothermic action was observed. Salidroside affected neither body mass growth nor body temperature in non-alcoholic (control) rats.
Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol. Observed inhibition of tolerance to the sedative effect of ethanol seems to be associated with salidroside influence on the central nervous system. A comprehensive explanation of the abovementioned observations requires further pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies.
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Chen XF, Li XL, Yang M, Song Y, Zhang Y. Osteoprotective effects of salidroside in ovariectomized mice and diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 819:281-288. [PMID: 29242120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside, an active constituent from the root of Rhodiola rosea L., has multiple pharmacological effects, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, etc. However, its protective effect on bone tissue via regulating calcium homeostasis is yet to be determined. This study was performed to investigate if salidroside could protect against bone injuries induced by estrogen deficiency or hyperglycemia through modulating calcium homeostasis. Ovariectomized (OVX) mice and diabetic mice were treated with salidroside (20mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Safranin O staining and micro-CT were performed on the distal metaphysis of femur. The calcium content in serum, urine and femur was measured, and the mRNA and protein expressions of regulators in kidney were determined by PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Treatment with salidroside increased bone calcium level and decreased urinary calcium excretion, consequently attenuating the deteriorations of trabecular bone in both OVX mice and diabetic mice. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D-24 hydroxylase expression was down-regulated and vitamin D receptor expression was up-regulated in kidney of both OVX mice and diabetic mice upon to salidroside treatment, which also inhibited the ovariectomy-induced decrease in expression of renal transcellular calcium transporters and the diabetes-induced enhancement in renal calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) expression. Taken together, salidroside exerted osteoprotective effects by improving calcium homeostasis via regulating vitamin D metabolism and transcellular calcium transporters as well as modulating CaSR expression in kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Fan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
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Qi T, Gu G, Xu L, Xiao M, Lu L. Efficient synthesis of tyrosol galactosides by the β-galactosidase from Enterobacter cloacae B5. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4995-5003. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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