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Bourebaba L, Bourebaba N, Galuppo L, Marycz K. Artificial mitochondrial transplantation (AMT) reverses aging of mesenchymal stromal cells and improves their immunomodulatory properties in LPS-induced synoviocytes inflammation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119806. [PMID: 39098401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, regenerative medicine techniques are usually based on the application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the repair or restoration of injured damaged tissues. However, the effectiveness of autologous therapy is limited as therapeutic potential of MSCs declines due to patient's age, health condition and prolonged in vitro cultivation as a result of decreased growth rate. For that reason, there is an urgent need to develop strategies enabling the in vitro rejuvenation of MSCs prior transplantation in order to enhance their in vivo therapeutic efficiency. In presented study, we attempted to mimic the naturally occurring mitochondrial transfer (MT) between neighbouring cells and verify whether artificial MT (AMT) could reverse MSCs aging and improve their biological properties. For that reason, mitochondria were isolated from healthy donor equine adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and transferred into metabolically impaired recipient ASCs derived from equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) affected horses, which were subsequently subjected to various analytical methods in order to verify the cellular and molecular outcomes of the applied AMT. Mitochondria recipient cells were characterized by decreased apoptosis, senescence and endoplasmic reticulum stress while insulin sensitivity was enhanced. Furthermore, we observed increased mitochondrial fragmentation and associated PARKIN protein accumulation, which indicates on the elimination of dysfunctional organelles via mitophagy. AMT further promoted physioxia and regulated autophagy fluxes. Additionally, rejuvenated ASCs displayed an improved anti-inflammatory activity toward LPS-stimulated synoviocytes. The presented findings highlight AMT as a promising alternative and effective method for MSCs rejuvenation, for potential application in autologous therapies in which MSCs properties are being strongly deteriorated due to patients' condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Nabila Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Larry Galuppo
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95516, United States
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, United States.
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Li Q, Liu J, Su R, Zhen J, Liu X, Liu G. Small extracellular vesicles-shuttled miR-23a-3p from mesenchymal stem cells alleviate renal fibrosis and inflammation by inhibiting KLF3/STAT3 axis in diabetic kidney disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112667. [PMID: 39018690 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) provide a pragmatic solution as a cell-free therapy for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the underlying protective mechanisms of MSC-sEV remain largely unknown in DKD. Invivo and in vitro analyses demonstrated that MSC-sEV attenuated renal fibrosis and inflammation of DKD. The underlying mechanism of the MSC-sEV-induced therapeutic effect was explored by high-throughput sequencing, which identified the unique enrichment of a set of miRNAs in MSC-sEV compared with human skin fibroblasts-sEV (HSF-sEV). Vitro experiments demonstrated that the protective potential was primarily attributed to miR-23a-3p, one of the most abundant miRNAs in MSC-sEV. Further, overexpression or knockdown analyses revealed that miR-23a-3p, and its target Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) suppressed the STAT3 signaling pathway in high glucose (HG) induced HK-2 cells were essential for the renal-protective property of MSC-sEV. Moreover, we found that miR-23a-3p was packaged into MSC-sEV by RNA Binding Motif Protein X-Linked (RBMX) and transmitted to HG-induced HK-2 cells. Finally, inhibiting miR-23a-3p could mitigate the protective effects of MSC-sEV in db/db mice. These findings suggest that a systemic administration of sEV derived from MSC, have the capacity to incorporate into kidney where they can exert renal-protective potential against HG-induced injury through delivery of miR-23a-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Li
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Department of Nephrology, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University, USA
| | - Rongyun Su
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Department of Nephrology, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiangchun Liu
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Department of Nephrology, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Nephrology Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Department of Nephrology, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China; Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong,250012, China.
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Primavera R, Regmi S, Yarani R, Levitte S, Wang J, Ganguly A, Chetty S, Guindani M, Ricordi C, Meyer E, Thakor AS. Precision Delivery of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into the Pancreas Via Intra-arterial Injection Prevents the Onset of Diabetes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:559-571. [PMID: 38530131 PMCID: PMC11165159 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy to potentially treat diabetes given their potent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties. While these regenerative cells have shown considerable promise in cell culture, their clinical translation has been challenging. In part, this can be attributed to these cells not reaching the pancreas to exert their regenerative effects following conventional intravenous (IV) injection, with the majority of cells being trapped in the lungs in the pulmonary first-pass effect. In the present study, we will therefore examine whether direct delivery of MSCs to the pancreas via an intra-arterial (IA) injection can improve their therapeutic efficacy. Using a mouse model, in which repetitive low doses of STZ induced a gentle, but progressive, hyperglycemia, we tested bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) which we have shown are enriched with pro-angiogenic and immunomodulatory factors. In cell culture studies, BM-MSCs were shown to preserve islet viability and function following exposure to proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α) through an increase in pAkt. When tested in our animal model, mice receiving IV BM-MSCs were not able to mitigate the effects of STZ, however those which received the same dose and batch of cells via IA injection were able to maintain basal and dynamic glycemic control, to similar levels as seen in healthy control animals, over 10 days. This study shows the importance of considering precision delivery approaches to ensure cell-based therapies reach their intended targets to enable them to exert their therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Primavera
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shobha Regmi
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Reza Yarani
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Steven Levitte
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abantika Ganguly
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shashank Chetty
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michele Guindani
- Department of Biostatistics, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Everett Meyer
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Radiology Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Song J, Wang L, Wang L, Guo X, He Q, Cui C, Hu H, Zang N, Yang M, Yan F, Liang K, Wang C, Liu F, Sun Y, Sun Z, Lai H, Hou X, Chen L. Mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in α cells and hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes via SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae038. [PMID: 38864709 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of α cells results in hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy increases oxygen consumption of islets and enhances insulin secretion. However, the underlying mechanism for the protective role of MSCs in α-cell mitochondrial dysfunction remains unclear. Here, human umbilical cord MSCs (hucMSCs) were used to treat 2 kinds of T2DM mice and αTC1-6 cells to explore the role of hucMSCs in improving α-cell mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperglucagonemia. Plasma and supernatant glucagon were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mitochondrial function of α cells was assessed by the Seahorse Analyzer. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a), glucose transporter type1 (GLUT1), and glucokinase (GCK) were assessed by Western blotting analysis. In vivo, hucMSC infusion improved glucose and insulin tolerance, as well as hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia in T2DM mice. Meanwhile, hucMSC intervention rescued the islet structure and decreased α- to β-cell ratio. Glucagon secretion from αTC1-6 cells was consistently inhibited by hucMSCs in vitro. Meanwhile, hucMSC treatment activated intracellular SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling, promoted glucose uptake and activation, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced ATP production. However, transfection of SIRT1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or the application of SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 weakened the therapeutic effects of hucMSCs on mitochondrial function and glucagon secretion. Our observations indicate that hucMSCs mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and glucagon hypersecretion of α cells in T2DM via SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling, which provides novel evidence demonstrating the potential for hucMSCs in treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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5
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Chen C, Li H, Zhang J, Cheng SC. Exploring the limitations of mitochondrial dye as a genuine horizontal mitochondrial transfer surrogate. Commun Biol 2024; 7:281. [PMID: 38448655 PMCID: PMC10917768 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosamine-based mitochondrial dyes, such as Mitotracker Red, have commonly been employed to visualize mitochondrial localization within cells due to their preferential accumulation in organelles with membrane potential. Consequently, Mitotracker Red has often served as a surrogate indicator for tracking mitochondrial movement between neighboring cells. However, it is important to note that the presence of membrane potential in the cell membrane and other organelles may lead to the non-specific partial enrichment of Mitotracker Red in locations other than mitochondria. This study comprehensively investigates the reliability of mitochondrial dye as a marker for studying horizontal mitochondrial transfer (HMT). By meticulous replicating of previous experiments and comparing the efficiency of mitochondrial dye transfer with that of mito-targeted GFP, our findings confirm that HMT occurs at significantly lower efficiency than previously indicated by Mitotracker dye. Subsequent experiments involving mitochondria-deficient cells robustly demonstrates the non-specificity of mitochondrial dye as indicator for mitochondria. We advocate for a thorough reevaluation of existing literature in this field and propose exploration of alternative techniques to enhance the investigation of HMT. By addressing these pivotal aspects, we can advance our understanding of cellular dynamics and pave the way for future explorations in this captivating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University; Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Haige Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University; Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University; Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Shih-Chin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University; Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, China.
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, China.
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Wang Y, Chen H, Li Y, Hao H, Liu J, Chen Y, Meng J, Zhang S, Gu W, Lyu Z, Zang L, Mu Y. Predictive factors that influence the clinical efficacy of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:311-316. [PMID: 38219142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous single-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2 study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (UC-MSC) transfusion for treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Indeed, this potential treatment strategy was able to reduce insulin use by half in a considerable number of patients. However, many other patients' responses to UC-MSC transfusion were insignificant. The selection of patients who might benefit from UC-MSC treatment is crucial from a clinical standpoint. METHODS In this post hoc analysis, 37 patients who received UC-MSC transfusions were divided into two groups based on whether their glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c, or HbA1c) level was less than 7% after receiving UC-MSC treatment. The baseline differences between the two groups were summarized, and potential factors influencing efficacy of UC-MSCs for T2DM were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The correlations between the relevant hormone levels and the treatment effect were further analyzed. RESULTS At the 9-week follow-up, 59.5% of patients achieved their targeted HbA1c level. Male patients with lower baseline HbA1c and greater C-peptide area under the curve (AUCC-pep) values responded favorably to UC-MSC transfusion, according to multivariate analysis. The effectiveness of UC-MSCs transfusion was predicted by AUCC-pep (cutoff value: 14.22 ng/h/mL). Further investigation revealed that AUCC-pep was increased in male patients with greater baseline testosterone levels. CONCLUSIONS Male patients with T2DM with greater AUCC-pep may be more likely to respond clinically to UC-MSC therapy, and further large-scale multi-ethnic clinical studies should be performed to confirm the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixu Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Hao
- Department of Biotherapy, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Saichun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Lyu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Veluthakal R, Esparza D, Hoolachan JM, Balakrishnan R, Ahn M, Oh E, Jayasena CS, Thurmond DC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inter-Organ Miscommunications in T2D Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1504. [PMID: 38338783 PMCID: PMC10855860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogenous disease, and conventionally, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) was thought to precede islet β-cell dysfunction, promoting progression from prediabetes to T2D. New evidence suggests that T2D-lean individuals experience early β-cell dysfunction without significant IR. Regardless of the primary event (i.e., IR vs. β-cell dysfunction) that contributes to dysglycemia, significant early-onset oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple metabolic tissues may be a driver of T2D onset and progression. Oxidative stress, defined as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mediated by hyperglycemia alone or in combination with lipids. Physiological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue communication, while pathological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue mis-communication, and new evidence suggests that this is mediated via extracellular vesicles (EVs), including mitochondria containing EVs. Under metabolic-related stress conditions, EV-mediated cross-talk between β-cells and skeletal muscle likely trigger mitochondrial anomalies leading to prediabetes and T2D. This article reviews the underlying molecular mechanisms in ROS-related pathogenesis of prediabetes, including mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics due to oxidative stress. Further, this review will describe the potential of various therapeutic avenues for attenuating oxidative damage, reversing prediabetes and preventing progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
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8
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Chen R, Chen J. Mitochondrial transfer - a novel promising approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1346441. [PMID: 38313834 PMCID: PMC10837849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1346441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders remain a major global health concern in the 21st century, with increasing incidence and prevalence. Mitochondria play a critical role in cellular energy production, calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Under physiological conditions, mitochondrial transfer plays a crucial role in tissue homeostasis and development. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that mitochondria can be transferred from stem cells to pathologically injured cells, leading to mitochondrial functional restoration. Compared to cell therapy, mitochondrial transplantation has lower immunogenicity, making exogenous transplantation of healthy mitochondria a promising therapeutic approach for treating diseases, particularly metabolic disorders. This review summarizes the association between metabolic disorders and mitochondria, the mechanisms of mitochondrial transfer, and the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial transfer for metabolic disorders. We hope this review provides novel insights into targeted mitochondrial therapy for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
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9
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Mei L, Yuwei Y, Weiping L, Zhiran X, Bingzheng F, Jibing C, Hongjun G. Strategy for Clinical Setting of Co-transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Pancreatic Islets. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241259433. [PMID: 38877672 PMCID: PMC11179456 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241259433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation may be the most efficient therapeutic technique for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the clinical application of this method is faced with numerous limitations, including isolated islet apoptosis, recipient rejection, and graft vascular reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic properties. Here, we review recent studies on co-culture and co-transplantation of islets with MSCs. We have summarized the methods of preparation of co-transplantation, especially the merits of co-culture, and the effects of co-transplantation. Accumulating experimental evidence shows that co-culture of islets with MSCs promotes islet survival, enhances islet secretory function, and prevascularizes islets through various pretransplant preparations. This review is expected to provide a reference for exploring the use of MSCs for clinical islet co-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Mei
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Yuwei
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liang Weiping
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xu Zhiran
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Bingzheng
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Chen Jibing
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Gao Hongjun
- Ruikang Hospital affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanning, China
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10
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Hong T, Caxaria S, Daniels Gatward LF, Hussain S, Zhao M, King AJF, Rackham CL, Jones PM. Mesenchymal stromal cell secretory molecules improve the functional survival of human islets. Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15227. [PMID: 37728506 PMCID: PMC10915897 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Human islet transplantation as a therapy for type 1 diabetes is compromised by the loss of functional beta cells in the immediate post-transplantation period. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived secretory peptides improve the outcomes of islet transplantation in rodent models of diabetes. Here, we utilized a mouse model for human islet transplantation and assessed the effects of a cocktail of MSC-secreted peptides (screened by MSC-secretome for human islet GPCRs) on the functional survival of human islets. METHODS Human islets from nine donors (Age: 36-57; BMI: 20-35) were treated with a cocktail of human recombinant annexin A1 (ANXA1), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) and complement component C3 (C3a). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was assessed in static incubation, and cytokine-induced apoptosis was assessed by measuring caspase 3/7 activity. mRNA expression levels were determined by qPCR. Human islet function in vivo was assessed using a novel model for human islet transplantation into a T1D mouse model. Human islet function in vivo was assessed using islet transplantation under the kidney capsule of immunodeficient mice prior to STZ destruction of endogenous mouse beta cells to model T1DM. RESULTS Pretreatment with a cocktail of MSC-secreted peptides increased GSIS in vitro and protected against cytokine-induced apoptosis in human islets isolated from nine donors. Animals transplanted with either treated or untreated human islets remained normoglycaemic for up to 28 days after STZ-administration to ablate the endogenous mouse beta cells, whereas non-transplanted animals showed significantly increased blood glucose immediately after STZ administration. Removal of the human islet graft by nephrectomy resulted in rapid increases in blood glucose to similar levels as the non-transplanted controls. Pretreating human islets with the MSC-derived cocktail significantly improved glucose tolerance in graft recipients, consistent with enhanced functional survival of the treated islets in vivo. CONCLUSION Pretreating human islets before transplantation with a defined cocktail of MSC-derived molecules could be employed to improve the quality of human islets for transplantation therapy for type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu‐Wen Hong
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sara Caxaria
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Lydia F. Daniels Gatward
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sufyan Hussain
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Aileen J. F. King
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Chloe L. Rackham
- Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical ScienceUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Peter M. Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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11
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Li AL, Lian L, Chen XN, Cai WH, Fan XB, Fan YJ, Li TT, Xie YY, Zhang JP. The role of mitochondria in myocardial damage caused by energy metabolism disorders: From mechanisms to therapeutics. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:236-251. [PMID: 37567516 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial damage is the most serious pathological consequence of cardiovascular diseases and an important reason for their high mortality. In recent years, because of the high prevalence of systemic energy metabolism disorders (e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome), complications of myocardial damage caused by these disorders have attracted widespread attention. Energy metabolism disorders are independent of traditional injury-related risk factors, such as ischemia, hypoxia, trauma, and infection. An imbalance of myocardial metabolic flexibility and myocardial energy depletion are usually the initial changes of myocardial injury caused by energy metabolism disorders, and abnormal morphology and functional destruction of the mitochondria are their important features. Specifically, mitochondria are the centers of energy metabolism, and recent evidence has shown that decreased mitochondrial function, caused by an imbalance in mitochondrial quality control, may play a key role in myocardial injury caused by energy metabolism disorders. Under chronic energy stress, mitochondria undergo pathological fission, while mitophagy, mitochondrial fusion, and biogenesis are inhibited, and mitochondrial protein balance and transfer are disturbed, resulting in the accumulation of nonfunctional and damaged mitochondria. Consequently, damaged mitochondria lead to myocardial energy depletion and the accumulation of large amounts of reactive oxygen species, further aggravating the imbalance in mitochondrial quality control and forming a vicious cycle. In addition, impaired mitochondria coordinate calcium homeostasis imbalance, and epigenetic alterations participate in the pathogenesis of myocardial damage. These pathological changes induce rapid progression of myocardial damage, eventually leading to heart failure or sudden cardiac death. To intervene more specifically in the myocardial damage caused by metabolic disorders, we need to understand the specific role of mitochondria in this context in detail. Accordingly, promising therapeutic strategies have been proposed. We also summarize the existing therapeutic strategies to provide a reference for clinical treatment and developing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Lin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Lu Lian
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xin-Nong Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300190, China
| | - Wen-Hui Cai
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xin-Biao Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ya-Jie Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ying-Yu Xie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Jun-Ping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300183, China.
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12
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Gooch AM, Chowdhury SS, Zhang PM, Hu ZM, Westenfelder C. Significant expansion of the donor pool achieved by utilizing islets of variable quality in the production of allogeneic "Neo-Islets", 3-D organoids of Mesenchymal Stromal and islet cells, a novel immune-isolating biotherapy for Type I Diabetes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290460. [PMID: 37616230 PMCID: PMC10449143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel biotherapies for Type 1 Diabetes that provide a significantly expanded donor pool and that deliver all islet hormones without requiring anti-rejection drugs are urgently needed. Scoring systems have improved islet allotransplantation outcomes, but their use may potentially result in the waste of valuable cells for novel therapies. To address these issues, we created "Neo-Islets" (NIs), islet-sized organoids, by co-culturing in ultralow adhesion flasks culture-expanded islet (ICs) and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) (x 24 hrs, 1:1 ratio). The MSCs exert powerful immune- and cyto-protective, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, and other beneficial actions in NIs. The robust in vitro expansion of all islet hormone-producing cells is coupled to their expected progressive de-differentiation mediated by serum-induced cell cycle entry and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Re-differentiation in vivo of the ICs and resumption of their physiological functions occurs by reversal of EMT and serum withdrawal-induced exit from the cell cycle. Accordingly, we reported that allogeneic, i.p.-administered NIs engraft in the omentum, increase Treg numbers and reestablish permanent normoglycemia in autoimmune diabetic NOD mice without immunosuppression. Our FDA-guided pilot study (INAD 012-0776) in insulin-dependent pet dogs showed similar responses, and both human- and canine-NIs established normoglycemia in STZ-diabetic NOD/SCID mice even though the utilized islets would be scored as unsuitable for transplantation. The present study further demonstrates that islet gene expression profiles (α, β, γ, δ) in human "non-clinical grade" islets obtained from diverse, non-diabetic human and canine donors (n = 6 each) closely correlate with population doublings, and the in vivo re-differentiation of endocrine islet cells clearly corresponds with the reestablishment of euglycemia in diabetic mice. Conclusion: human-NIs created from diverse, "non-clinical grade" donors have the potential to greatly expand patient access to this curative therapy of T1DM, facilitated by the efficient in vitro expansion of ICs that can produce ~ 270 therapeutic NI doses per donor for 70 kg recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Gooch
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of Ameirca
| | | | - Ping M. Zhang
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of Ameirca
| | - Zhuma M. Hu
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of Ameirca
| | - Christof Westenfelder
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of Ameirca
- University of Utah, Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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13
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Sun M, Jiang W, Mu N, Zhang Z, Yu L, Ma H. Mitochondrial transplantation as a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases. J Transl Med 2023; 21:347. [PMID: 37231493 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of noncommunicable disease-related death worldwide, and effective therapeutic strategies against CVD are urgently needed. Mitochondria dysfunction involves in the onset and development of CVD. Nowadays, mitochondrial transplantation, an alternative treatment aimed at increasing mitochondrial number and improving mitochondrial function, has been emerged with great therapeutic potential. Substantial evidence indicates that mitochondrial transplantation improves cardiac function and outcomes in patients with CVD. Therefore, mitochondrial transplantation has profound implications in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Here, we review the mitochondrial abnormalities that occur in CVD and summarize the therapeutic strategies of mitochondrial transplantation for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchu Sun
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Jiang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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14
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Mitochondrial Transfer as a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108848. [PMID: 37240194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Mitochondrial transfer, the transfer of mitochondria from one cell to another, has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for restoring mitochondrial function in diseased cells. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of mitochondrial transfer, including its mechanisms, potential therapeutic applications, and impact on cell death pathways. We also discuss the future directions and challenges in the field of mitochondrial transfer as a novel therapeutic approach in disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
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15
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Dong LF, Rohlena J, Zobalova R, Nahacka Z, Rodriguez AM, Berridge MV, Neuzil J. Mitochondria on the move: Horizontal mitochondrial transfer in disease and health. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213873. [PMID: 36795453 PMCID: PMC9960264 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian genes were long thought to be constrained within somatic cells in most cell types. This concept was challenged recently when cellular organelles including mitochondria were shown to move between mammalian cells in culture via cytoplasmic bridges. Recent research in animals indicates transfer of mitochondria in cancer and during lung injury in vivo, with considerable functional consequences. Since these pioneering discoveries, many studies have confirmed horizontal mitochondrial transfer (HMT) in vivo, and its functional characteristics and consequences have been described. Additional support for this phenomenon has come from phylogenetic studies. Apparently, mitochondrial trafficking between cells occurs more frequently than previously thought and contributes to diverse processes including bioenergetic crosstalk and homeostasis, disease treatment and recovery, and development of resistance to cancer therapy. Here we highlight current knowledge of HMT between cells, focusing primarily on in vivo systems, and contend that this process is not only (patho)physiologically relevant, but also can be exploited for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Feng Dong
- https://ror.org/02sc3r913School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Australia,Lan-Feng Dong:
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jiri Neuzil
- https://ror.org/02sc3r913School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Australia,https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,Correspondence to Jiri Neuzil: ,
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16
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Adelipour M, Lubman DM, Kim J. Potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes in regenerative medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2023; 23:491-507. [PMID: 37147781 PMCID: PMC10330313 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2211203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regenerative medicine involves the replacement of damaged cells, tissues, or organs to restore normal function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and exosomes secreted by MSCs have unique advantages that make them a suitable candidate in the field of regenerative medicine. AREAS COVERED This article provides a comprehensive overview of regenerative medicine, focusing on the use of MSCs and their exosomes as potential therapies for replacing damaged cells, tissues, or organs. This article discusses the distinct advantages of both MSCs and their secreted exosomes, including their immunomodulatory effects, lack of immunogenicity, and recruitment to damaged areas. While both MSCs and exosomes have these advantages, MSCs also have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate. This article also assesses the current challenges associated with the application of MSCs and their secreted exosomes in therapy. We have reviewed proposed solutions for improving MSC or exosome therapy, including ex-vivo preconditioning strategies, genetic modification, and encapsulation. Literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed databases. EXPERT OPINION Providing insight into the future development of MSC and exosome-based therapies and to encourage the scientific community to focus on the identified gaps, develop appropriate guidelines, and enhance the clinical application of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - David M. Lubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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17
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Mitochondrial transfer/transplantation: an emerging therapeutic approach for multiple diseases. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:66. [PMID: 35590379 PMCID: PMC9121600 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy generation and cellular physiological processes. These organelles are highly dynamic, constantly changing their morphology, cellular location, and distribution in response to cellular stress. In recent years, the phenomenon of mitochondrial transfer has attracted significant attention and interest from biologists and medical investigators. Intercellular mitochondrial transfer occurs in different ways, including tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and gap junction channels (GJCs). According to research on intercellular mitochondrial transfer in physiological and pathological environments, mitochondrial transfer hold great potential for maintaining body homeostasis and regulating pathological processes. Multiple research groups have developed artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) methods that transfer healthy mitochondria into damaged cells and recover cellular function. This paper reviews intercellular spontaneous mitochondrial transfer modes, mechanisms, and the latest methods of AMT/T. Furthermore, potential application value and mechanism of AMT/T in disease treatment are also discussed.
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18
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Gou W, Hua W, Swaby L, Cui W, Green E, Morgan KA, Strange C, Wang H. Stem Cell Therapy Improves Human Islet Graft Survival in Mice via Regulation of Macrophages. Diabetes 2022; 71:2642-2655. [PMID: 36084289 PMCID: PMC9750955 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Islet/β-cell transplantation offers great hope for patients with type 1 diabetes. We assessed the mechanisms of how intrahepatic coinfusion of human α-1 antitrypsin (hAAT)-engineered mesenchymal stromal cells (hAAT-MSCs) improves survival of human islet grafts posttransplantation (PT). Longitudinal in vivo bioluminescence imaging studies identified significantly more islets in the livers bearing islets cotransplanted with hAAT-MSCs compared with islets transplanted alone. In vitro mechanistic studies revealed that hAAT-MSCs inhibit macrophage migration and suppress IFN-γ-induced M1-like macrophages while promoting IL-4-induced M2-like macrophages. In vivo this translated to significantly reduced CD11c+ and F4/80+ cells and increased CD206+ cells around islets cotransplanted with hAAT-MSCs as identified by multiplex immunofluorescence staining. Recipient-derived F4/80+and CD11b+ macrophages were mainly present in the periphery of an islet, while CD11c+ and CD206+ cells appeared inside an islet. hAAT-MSCs inhibited macrophage migration and skewed the M1-like phenotype toward an M2 phenotype both in vitro and in vivo, which may have favored islet survival. These data provide evidence that hAAT-MSCs cotransplanted with islets remain in the liver and shift macrophages to a protective state that favors islet survival. This novel strategy may be used to enhance β-cell survival during islet/β-cell transplantation for the treatment of type 1 diabetes or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Gou
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Center for Cellular Therapy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Lindsay Swaby
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Erica Green
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Charlie Strange
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Center for Cellular Therapy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
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19
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Chen Y, Yang F, Chu Y, Yun Z, Yan Y, Jin J. Mitochondrial transplantation: opportunities and challenges in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Lab Invest 2022; 20:483. [PMID: 36273156 PMCID: PMC9588235 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are rising in both incidence and prevalence and remain a major global health and socioeconomic burden in the twenty-first century. Despite an increasing understanding of these diseases, the lack of effective treatments remains an ongoing challenge. Mitochondria are key players in intracellular energy production, calcium homeostasis, signaling, and apoptosis. Emerging evidence shows that mitochondrial dysfunction participates in the pathogeneses of metabolic diseases. Exogenous supplementation with healthy mitochondria is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach to treating these diseases. This article reviews recent advances in the use of mitochondrial transplantation therapy (MRT) in such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, ZhenjiangJiangsu Province, 212013, China
| | - Fuji Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, ZhenjiangJiangsu Province, 212013, China
| | - Ying Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China.,Central Laboratory, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhihua Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Central Laboratory, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu Province, China.
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20
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Gao S, Zhang Y, Liang K, Bi R, Du Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): A Novel Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:8637493. [PMID: 36045953 PMCID: PMC9424025 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8637493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although plenty of drugs are currently available for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a subset of patients still failed to restore normoglycemia. Recent studies proved that symptoms of T2DM patients who are unresponsive to conventional medications could be relieved with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy. However, the lack of systematic summary and analysis for animal and clinical studies of T2DM has limited the establishment of standard guidelines in anti-T2DM MSC therapy. Besides, the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs to combat T2DM have not been thoroughly understood. In this review, we present an overview of the current status of MSC therapy in treating T2DM for both animal studies and clinical studies. Potential mechanisms of MSC-based intervention on multiple pathological processes of T2DM, such as β-cell exhaustion, hepatic dysfunction, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation, are also delineated. Moreover, we highlight the importance of understanding the pharmacokinetics (PK) of transplanted cells and discuss the hurdles in MSC-based T2DM therapy toward future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaini Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ran Bi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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21
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Azizi Z, Abbaszadeh R, Sahebnasagh R, Norouzy A, Motevaseli E, Maedler K. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for diabetes therapy: touch, fuse, and fix? Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:348. [PMID: 35883121 PMCID: PMC9327419 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have anti-inflammatory and pro-survival properties. Naturally, they do not express human leukocyte antigen class II surface antigens and have immunosuppressive capabilities. Together with their relatively easy accessibility and expansion, they are an attractive tool for organ support in transplantation and regenerative therapy. Autologous BM-MSC transplantation alone or together with transplanted islets improves β-cell function, graft survival, and glycemic control in diabetes. Albeit MSCs’ capacity to transdifferentiate into β-cell is limited, their protective effects are mediated mainly by paracrine mechanisms through BM-MSCs circulating through the body. Direct cell–cell contact and spontaneous fusion of BM-MSCs with injured cells, although at a very low rate, are further mechanisms of their supportive effect and for tissue regeneration. Diabetes is a disease of long-term chronic inflammation and cell therapy requires stable, highly functional cells. Several tools and protocols have been developed by mimicking natural fusion events to induce and accelerate fusion in vitro to promote β-cell-specific gene expression in fused cells. BM-MSC-islet fusion before transplantation may be a strategy for long-term islet survival and improved function. This review discusses the cell-protective and anti-inflammatory characteristics of BM-MSCs to boost highly functional insulin-producing cells in vitro and in vivo, and the efficacy of their fusion with β-cells as a path to promote β-cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Azizi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roya Abbaszadeh
- Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roxana Sahebnasagh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Norouzy
- Department of Energy & Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Islet Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen,, Leobener Straße 5, NW2, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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22
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Tian F, Chen H, Zhang J, He W. Reprogramming Metabolism of Macrophages as a Target for Kidney Dysfunction Treatment in Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148024. [PMID: 35887371 PMCID: PMC9316004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), as one of the main complications of many autoimmune diseases, is difficult to cure, which places a huge burden on patients’ health and the economy and poses a great threat to human health. At present, the mainstream view is that autoimmune diseases are a series of diseases and complications caused by immune cell dysfunction leading to the attack of an organism’s tissues by its immune cells. The kidney is the organ most seriously affected by autoimmune diseases as it has a very close relationship with immune cells. With the development of an in-depth understanding of cell metabolism in recent years, an increasing number of scientists have discovered the metabolic changes in immune cells in the process of disease development, and we have a clearer understanding of the characteristics of the metabolic changes in immune cells. This suggests that the regulation of immune cell metabolism provides a new direction for the treatment and prevention of kidney damage caused by autoimmune diseases. Macrophages are important immune cells and are a double-edged sword in the repair process of kidney injury. Although they can repair damaged kidney tissue, over-repair will also lead to the loss of renal structural reconstruction function. In this review, from the perspective of metabolism, the metabolic characteristics of macrophages in the process of renal injury induced by autoimmune diseases are described, and the metabolites that can regulate the function of macrophages are summarized. We believe that treating macrophage metabolism as a target can provide new ideas for the treatment of the renal injury caused by autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tian
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory T Cell and Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China; (F.T.); (H.C.)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory T Cell and Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China; (F.T.); (H.C.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 100730, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory T Cell and Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China; (F.T.); (H.C.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 100730, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Immunology, CAMS Key Laboratory T Cell and Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China; (F.T.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (W.H.)
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23
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Shi Y, Zhao YZ, Jiang Z, Wang Z, Wang Q, Kou L, Yao Q. Immune-Protective Formulations and Process Strategies for Improved Survival and Function of Transplanted Islets. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923241. [PMID: 35903090 PMCID: PMC9315421 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system attacking and destroying insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. Islet transplantation is becoming one of the most promising therapies for T1D patients. However, its clinical use is limited by substantial cell loss after islet infusion, closely related to immune reactions, including instant blood-mediated inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and direct autoimmune attack. Especially the grafted islets are not only exposed to allogeneic immune rejection after transplantation but are also subjected to an autoimmune process that caused the original disease. Due to the development and convergence of expertise in biomaterials, nanotechnology, and immunology, protective strategies are being investigated to address this issue, including exploring novel immune protective agents, encapsulating islets with biomaterials, and searching for alternative implantation sites, or co-transplantation with functional cells. These methods have significantly increased the survival rate and function of the transplanted islets. However, most studies are still limited to animal experiments and need further studies. In this review, we introduced the immunological challenges for islet graft and summarized the recent developments in immune-protective strategies to improve the outcomes of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhikai Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zeqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Yao, ; Longfa Kou,
| | - Qing Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Yao, ; Longfa Kou,
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24
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Velarde F, Ezquerra S, Delbruyere X, Caicedo A, Hidalgo Y, Khoury M. Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated transfer of mitochondria: mechanisms and functional impact. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:177. [PMID: 35247083 PMCID: PMC11073024 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a steadily growing interest in the use of mitochondria as therapeutic agents. The use of mitochondria derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for therapeutic purposes represents an innovative approach to treat many diseases (immune deregulation, inflammation-related disorders, wound healing, ischemic events, and aging) with an increasing amount of promising evidence, ranging from preclinical to clinical research. Furthermore, the eventual reversal, induced by the intercellular mitochondrial transfer, of the metabolic and pro-inflammatory profile, opens new avenues to the understanding of diseases' etiology, their relation to both systemic and local risk factors, and also leads to new therapeutic tools for the control of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. To this end, we illustrate in this review, the triggers and mechanisms behind the transfer of mitochondria employed by MSCs and the underlying benefits as well as the possible adverse effects of MSCs mitochondrial exchange. We relay the rationale and opportunities for the use of these organelles in the clinic as cell-based product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Velarde
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and REGENERO, The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sarah Ezquerra
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and REGENERO, The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Xavier Delbruyere
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and REGENERO, The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres Caicedo
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
- Sistemas Médicos SIME, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Yessia Hidalgo
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile.
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
- Cells for Cells and REGENERO, The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Maroun Khoury
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile.
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
- Cells for Cells and REGENERO, The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile.
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25
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Huang T, Zhang T, Gao J. Targeted mitochondrial delivery: A therapeutic new era for disease treatment. J Control Release 2022; 343:89-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Miao J, Ren Z, Zhong Z, Yan L, Xia X, Wang J, Yang J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Therapeutic Prospect of Paracrine Pathways in Neonatal Infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:365-374. [PMID: 34672801 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection is the leading cause of admission and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. Immature immune function and antibiotic resistance make the treatment more difficult. However, there is no effective prevention for it. Recently, more and more researches are focusing on stem cell therapy, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); their potential paracrine effect confer MSCs with a major advantage to treat the immune and inflammatory disorders associated with neonatal infection. In this review, we summarize the basal properties and preclinical evidence of MSCs and explore the potential mechanisms of paracrine factors of MSCs for neonatal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Miao
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuxiao Ren
- Department of Neonatology, and Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Longli Yan
- Department of Neonatology, and Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of Neonatology, and Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlan Wang
- Department of Neonatology, and Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neonatology, and Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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27
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Maanaoui M, Kerr-Conte J. Pushing the boundaries of organs before it's too late: pre-emptive regeneration. Transpl Int 2021; 34:1761-1769. [PMID: 34532871 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Solid organ transplantation is marked by accelerated aging and inexorable fibrosis. It is crucial to promote strategies to attenuate, or to reverse, damage before organ failure. Hence, the objective of this article is to provide insight into strategies, which aim to regenerate or rejuvenate the transplanted organs. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stromal cells is currently under investigation because of their antifibrotic properties. Their ability to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, and to transfer mitochondria to wounded cells, is another approach to boost the organ regeneration. Other teams have investigated bioengineered organs, which consists of decellularization of the damaged organ followed by recellularization. Lastly, the development of CAR-T cell-based technologies may revolutionize the field of transplantation, as recent preclinical studies showed that CAR-T cells could efficiently clear senescent cells from an organ and reverse fibrosis. Ultimately, these cutting-edge strategies may bring the holy grail of a pre-emptive regenerated organ closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Maanaoui
- Department of Nephrology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1190 - EGID, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1190 - EGID, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
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28
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Shrestha M, Nguyen TT, Park J, Choi JU, Yook S, Jeong JH. Immunomodulation effect of mesenchymal stem cells in islet transplantation. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112042. [PMID: 34403963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has brought a great enthusiasm to the treatment of various immune disorders, tissue regeneration and transplantation therapy. MSCs are being extensively investigated for their immunomodulatory actions. MSCs can deliver immunomodulatory signals to inhibit allogeneic T cell immune responses by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing regulatory cytokines and growth factors. Islet transplantation is a therapeutic alternative to the insulin therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the acute loss of islets due to the lack of vasculature and hypoxic milieu in the immediate post-transplantation period may lead to treatment failure. Moreover, despite the use of potent immunosuppressive drugs, graft failure persists because of immunological rejection. Many in vitro and in vivo researches have demonstrated the multipotency of MSCs as a mediator of immunomodulation and a great approach for enhancement of islet engraftment. MSCs can interact with immune cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems via direct cell-cell contact or through secretomes containing numerous soluble growth and immunomodulatory factors or mitochondrial transfer. This review highlights the interactions between MSCs and different immune cells to mediate immunomodulatory functions along with the importance of MSCs therapy for the successful islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiep Tien Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Lin Q, Chen J, Gu L, Dan X, Zhang C, Yang Y. New insights into mitophagy and stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:452. [PMID: 34380561 PMCID: PMC8359610 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a specific autophagic phenomenon in which damaged or redundant mitochondria are selectively cleared by autophagic lysosomes. A decrease in mitophagy can accelerate the aging process. Mitophagy is related to health and longevity and is the key to protecting stem cells from metabolic stress damage. Mitophagy decreases the metabolic level of stem cells by clearing active mitochondria, so mitophagy is becoming increasingly necessary to maintain the regenerative capacity of old stem cells. Stem cell senescence is the core problem of tissue aging, and tissue aging occurs not only in stem cells but also in transport amplifying cell chambers and the stem cell environment. The loss of the autophagic ability of stem cells can cause the accumulation of mitochondria and the activation of the metabolic state as well as damage the self-renewal ability and regeneration potential of stem cells. However, the claim remains controversial. Mitophagy is an important survival strategy against nutrient deficiency and starvation, and mitochondrial function and integrity may affect the viability, proliferation and differentiation potential, and longevity of normal stem cells. Mitophagy can affect the health and longevity of the human body, so the number of studies in this field has increased, but the mechanism by which mitophagy participates in stem cell development is still not fully understood. This review describes the potential significance of mitophagy in stem cell developmental processes, such as self-renewal, differentiation and aging. Through this work, we discovered the role and mechanism of mitophagy in different types of stem cells, identified novel targets for killing cancer stem cells and curing cancer, and provided new insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingang Dan
- The Agricultural College of Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology of School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 75004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Siehler J, Blöchinger AK, Meier M, Lickert H. Engineering islets from stem cells for advanced therapies of diabetes. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:920-940. [PMID: 34376833 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects more than 460 million people worldwide. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by autoimmune destruction of β-cells, whereas type 2 diabetes (T2D) is caused by a hostile metabolic environment that leads to β-cell exhaustion and dysfunction. Currently, first-line medications treat the symptomatic insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, but do not prevent the progressive decline of β-cell mass and function. Thus, advanced therapies need to be developed that either protect or regenerate endogenous β-cell mass early in disease progression or replace lost β-cells with stem cell-derived β-like cells or engineered islet-like clusters. In this Review, we discuss the state of the art of stem cell differentiation and islet engineering, reflect on current and future challenges in the area and highlight the potential for cell replacement therapies, disease modelling and drug development using these cells. These efforts in stem cell and regenerative medicine will lay the foundations for future biomedical breakthroughs and potentially curative treatments for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Siehler
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Karolina Blöchinger
- Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany. .,Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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31
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Yuan Y, Yuan L, Li L, Liu F, Liu J, Chen Y, Cheng J, Lu Y. Mitochondrial transfer from mesenchymal stem cells to macrophages restricts inflammation and alleviates kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy mice via PGC-1α activation. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:913-928. [PMID: 33739541 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have fueled ample translation for treatment of immune-mediated diseases. Our previous study had demonstrated that MSCs could elicit macrophages (Mφ) into anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and alleviate kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice via improving mitochondrial function of Mφ, yet the specific mechanism was unclear. Recent evidence indicated that MSCs communicated with their microenvironment through exchanges of mitochondria. By a coculture system consisting of MSCs and Mφ, we showed that MSCs-derived mitochondria (MSCs-Mito) were transferred into Mφ, and the mitochondrial functions were improved, which contributed to M2 polarization. Furthermore, we found that MSCs-Mito transfer activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, PGC-1α interacted with TFEB in high glucose-induced Mφ, leading to the elevated lysosome-autophagy, which was essential to removal of damaged mitochondria. As a result, in Mφ, the mitochondrial bioenergy and capacity to combat inflammatory response were enhanced. Whereas, the immune-regulatory activity of MSCs-Mito was significantly blocked in PGC-1α knockdown Mφ. More importantly, MSCs-Mito transfer could be observed in DN mice, and the adoptive transfer of MSCs-Mito educated Mφ (MφMito ) inhibited the inflammatory response and alleviated kidney injury. However, the kidney-protective effects of MφMito were abolished when the MSCs-Mito was impaired with rotenone, and the similar results were also observed when MφMito were transfected with sipgc-1α before administration. Collectively, these findings suggested that MSCs elicited Mφ into anti-inflammatory phenotype and ameliorated kidney injury through mitochondrial transfer in DN mice, and the effects were relied on PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and PGC-1α/TFEB-mediated lysosome-autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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32
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. Stem Cells 2021; 38:465-468. [PMID: 32232931 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Opportunities and Challenges in Tunneling Nanotubes Research: How Far from Clinical Application? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052306. [PMID: 33669068 PMCID: PMC7956326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are recognized long membrane nanotubes connecting distance cells. In the last decade, growing evidence has shown that these subcellular structures mediate the specific transfer of cellular materials, pathogens, and electrical signals between cells. As intercellular bridges, they play a unique role in embryonic development, collective cell migration, injured cell recovery, cancer treatment resistance, and pathogen propagation. Although TNTs have been considered as potential drug targets for treatment, there is still a long way to go to translate the research findings into clinical practice. Herein, we emphasize the heterogeneous nature of TNTs by systemically summarizing the current knowledge on their morphology, structure, and biogenesis in different types of cells. Furthermore, we address the communication efficiency and biological outcomes of TNT-dependent transport related to diseases. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of TNTs as an exciting therapeutic approach by focusing on the development of efficient and safe drugs targeting TNTs.
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Qu Z, Lou Q, Cooper DKC, Pu Z, Lu Y, Chen J, Ni Y, Zhan Y, Chen J, Li Z, Zhan N, Zeng Y, Tu Z, Cao H, Dai Y, Cai Z, Mou L. Potential roles of mesenchymal stromal cells in islet allo- and xenotransplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Xenotransplantation 2021; 28:e12678. [PMID: 33569837 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is poised to play an important role in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, there are several challenges limiting its widespread use, including the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxic/ischemic injury, and the immune response. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exert regenerative, immunoregulatory, angiogenic, and metabolic properties. Here, we review recent reports on the application of MSCs in islet allo- and xenotransplantation. We also document the clinical trials that have been undertaken or are currently underway, relating to the co-transplantation of islets and MSCs. Increasing evidence indicates that co-transplantation of MSCs prolongs islet graft survival by locally secreted protective factors that reduce immune reactivity and promote vascularization, cell survival, and regeneration. MSC therapy may be a promising option for islet transplantation in patients with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Qu
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Lou
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Lansi Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - David K C Cooper
- Xenotransplantation Program, Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zuhui Pu
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenjie Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Naiyang Zhan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwei Tu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huayi Cao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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35
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Hubber EL, Rackham CL, Jones PM. Protecting islet functional viability using mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:674-680. [PMID: 33544449 PMCID: PMC8046085 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an emerging treatment for type 1 diabetes which offers the prospect of physiological control of blood glucose and reductions in acute hypoglycaemic episodes. However, current protocols are limited by a rapid decline in islet functional viability during the isolation process, culture period, and post-transplantation. Much of this can be attributed to the deleterious effects of hypoxic and cytokine stressors on β cells. One experimental strategy to improve the functional viability of islets is coculture or cotransplantation with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Numerous studies have shown that MSCs have the capacity to improve islet survival and insulin secretory function, and the mechanisms of these effects are becoming increasingly well understood. In this review, we will focus on recent studies demonstrating the capacity for MSCs to protect islets from hypoxia- and cytokine-induced stress. Islets exposed to acute hypoxia (1%-2% O2 ) or to inflammatory cytokines (including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-B) in vitro undergo apoptosis and a rapid decline in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Coculture of islets with MSCs, or with MSC-conditioned medium, protects from these deleterious effects, primarily with secreted factors. These protective effects are distinct from the immunomodulatory and structural support MSCs provide when cotransplanted with islets. Recent studies suggest that MSCs may support secretory function by the physical transfer of functional mitochondria, particularly to metabolically compromised β cells. Understanding how MSCs respond to stressed islets will facilitate the development of MSC secretome based, cell-free approaches to supporting islet graft function during transplantation by protecting or repairing β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella L Hubber
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chloe L Rackham
- Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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36
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Grubelnik V, Zmazek J, Markovič R, Gosak M, Marhl M. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Pancreatic Alpha and Beta Cells Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E348. [PMID: 33327428 PMCID: PMC7764865 DOI: 10.3390/life10120348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex multifactorial disease of epidemic proportions. It involves genetic and lifestyle factors that lead to dysregulations in hormone secretion and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that altered mitochondrial structure, function, and particularly bioenergetics of cells in different tissues have a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we explore how mitochondrial dysfunction impairs the coupling between metabolism and exocytosis in the pancreatic alpha and beta cells. We demonstrate that reduced mitochondrial ATP production is linked with the observed defects in insulin and glucagon secretion by utilizing computational modeling approach. Specifically, a 30-40% reduction in alpha cells' mitochondrial function leads to a pathological shift of glucagon secretion, characterized by oversecretion at high glucose concentrations and insufficient secretion in hypoglycemia. In beta cells, the impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is accompanied by reduced insulin secretion at all glucose levels, but the differences, compared to a normal beta cell, are the most pronounced in hyperglycemia. These findings improve our understanding of metabolic pathways and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and might help drive the development of innovative therapies to treat various metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Grubelnik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (V.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Jan Zmazek
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Rene Markovič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (V.G.); (R.M.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Marko Gosak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.Z.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Marhl
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.Z.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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37
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Lu M, Guo J, Wu B, Zhou Y, Wu M, Farzaneh M, Khoshnam SE. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Mitochondrial Transfer: a Therapeutic Approach for Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:212-229. [PMID: 32975692 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of stroke-induced neuronal death, and maintaining mitochondrial function is essential in cell survival and neurological progress following ischemic stroke. Stem cell-mediated mitochondrial transfer represents an emerging therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can directly transfer healthy mitochondria to damaged cells, and rescue mitochondrial damage-provoked tissue degeneration. This review summarizes the research on MSCs-mediated mitochondrial transfer as a therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Jindong Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yuhui Zhou
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Mishan Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China. .,Department of Formulaology, Basic Medicine College, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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38
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Rackham CL, Hubber EL, Czajka A, Malik AN, King AJF, Jones PM. Optimizing beta cell function through mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated mitochondria transfer. Stem Cells 2020; 38:574-584. [PMID: 31912945 PMCID: PMC7187381 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pretransplant islet culture is associated with the loss of islet cell mass and insulin secretory function. Insulin secretion from islet β‐cells is primarily controlled by mitochondrial ATP generation in response to elevations in extracellular glucose. Coculture of islets with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improves islet insulin secretory function in vitro, which correlates with superior islet graft function in vivo. This study aimed to determine whether the improved islet function is associated with mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to cocultured islets. We have demonstrated mitochondrial transfer from human adipose MSCs to human islet β‐cells in coculture. Fluorescence imaging showed that mitochondrial transfer occurs, at least partially, through tunneling nanotube (TNT)‐like structures. The extent of mitochondrial transfer to clinically relevant human islets was greater than that to experimental mouse islets. Human islets are subjected to more extreme cellular stressors than mouse islets, which may induce “danger signals” for MSCs, initiating the donation of MSC‐derived mitochondria to human islet β‐cells. Our observations of increased MSC‐mediated mitochondria transfer to hypoxia‐exposed mouse islets are consistent with this and suggest that MSCs are most effective in supporting the secretory function of compromised β‐cells. Ensuring optimal MSC‐derived mitochondria transfer in preculture and/or cotransplantation strategies could be used to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, thus enabling the more widespread application of clinical islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Rackham
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ella L Hubber
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Czajka
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Afshan N Malik
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aileen J F King
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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