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Yang Y, Chen BR, Ye XC, Ni LY, Zhang XY, Liu YZ, Lyu TJ, Tian Y, Fu YJ, Wang Y. The chromodomain protein CDYL confers forebrain identity to human cortical organoids by inhibiting neuronatin. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114814. [PMID: 39378153 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Fate determination of neural stem cells (NSCs) is crucial for cortex development and is closely linked to neurodevelopmental disorders when gene expression networks are disrupted. The transcriptional corepressor chromodomain Y-like (CDYL) is widely expressed across diverse cell populations within the human embryonic cortex. However, its precise role in cortical development remains unclear. Here, we show that CDYL is critical for human cortical neurogenesis and that its deficiency leads to a substantial increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons in cortical organoids. Subsequently, neuronatin (NNAT) is identified as a significant target of CDYL, and its abnormal expression obviously influences the fate commitment of cortical NSCs. Cross-species comparisons of CDYL targets unravel a distinct developmental trajectory between human cortical organoids and the mouse cortex at an analogous stage. Collectively, our data provide insight into the evolutionary roles of CDYL in human cortex development, emphasizing its critical function in maintaining the fate of human cortical NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Yang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bai-Rong Chen
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi-Chun Ye
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang-Yu Ni
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi-Yin Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun-Ze Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tian-Jie Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun-Jie Fu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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2
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Spildrejorde M, Leithaug M, Samara A, Aass HCD, Sharma A, Acharya G, Nordeng H, Gervin K, Lyle R. Citalopram exposure of hESCs during neuronal differentiation identifies dysregulated genes involved in neurodevelopment and depression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1428538. [PMID: 39055655 PMCID: PMC11269147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1428538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including citalopram, are widely used antidepressants during pregnancy. However, the effects of prenatal exposure to citalopram on neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the impact of citalopram exposure on early neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells using a multi-omics approach. Citalopram induced time- and dose-dependent effects on gene expression and DNA methylation of genes involved in neurodevelopmental processes or linked to depression, such as BDNF, GDF11, CCL2, STC1, DDIT4 and GAD2. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed distinct clusters of stem cells, neuronal progenitors and neuroblasts, where exposure to citalopram subtly influenced progenitor subtypes. Pseudotemporal analysis showed enhanced neuronal differentiation. Our findings suggest that citalopram exposure during early neuronal differentiation influences gene expression patterns associated with neurodevelopment and depression, providing insights into its potential neurodevelopmental impact and highlighting the importance of further research to understand the long-term consequences of prenatal SSRI exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Spildrejorde
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus Leithaug
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Athina Samara
- Division of Clinical Paediatrics, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children′s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomaterials, FUTURE Center for Functional Tissue Reconstruction, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans Christian D. Aass
- The Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for B-cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hedvig Nordeng
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina Gervin
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Lyle
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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3
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Papalamprou A, Yu V, Jiang W, Sheyn J, Stefanovic T, Chen A, Castaneda C, Chavez M, Sheyn D. Single Cell Transcriptomics-Informed Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation to Tenogenic Lineage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.10.536240. [PMID: 37090543 PMCID: PMC10120682 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.10.536240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
During vertebrate embryogenesis, axial tendons develop from the paraxial mesoderm and differentiate through specific developmental stages to reach the syndetome stage. While the main roles of signaling pathways in the earlier stages of the differentiation have been well established, pathway nuances in syndetome specification from the sclerotome stage have yet to be explored. Here, we show stepwise differentiation of human iPSCs to the syndetome stage using chemically defined media and small molecules that were modified based on single cell RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis. We identified a significant population of branching off-target cells differentiating towards a neural phenotype overexpressing Wnt. Further transcriptomics post-addition of a WNT inhibitor at the somite stage and onwards revealed not only total removal of the neural off-target cells, but also increased syndetome induction efficiency. Fine-tuning tendon differentiation in vitro is essential to address the current challenges in developing a successful cell-based tendon therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Papalamprou
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Victoria Yu
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wensen Jiang
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Julia Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tina Stefanovic
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Angel Chen
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chloe Castaneda
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Melissa Chavez
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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4
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Pandit M, Akhtar MN, Sundaram S, Sahoo S, Manjunath LE, Eswarappa SM. Termination codon readthrough of NNAT mRNA regulates calcium-mediated neuronal differentiation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105184. [PMID: 37611826 PMCID: PMC10506107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Termination codon readthrough (TCR) is a process in which ribosomes continue to translate an mRNA beyond a stop codon generating a C-terminally extended protein isoform. Here, we demonstrate TCR in mammalian NNAT mRNA, which encodes NNAT, a proteolipid important for neuronal differentiation. This is a programmed event driven by cis-acting RNA sequences present immediately upstream and downstream of the canonical stop codon and is negatively regulated by NONO, an RNA-binding protein known to promote neuronal differentiation. Unlike the canonical isoform NNAT, we determined that the TCR product (NNATx) does not show detectable interaction with the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 2 Ca2+ pump, cannot increase cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, and therefore does not enhance neuronal differentiation in Neuro-2a cells. Additionally, an antisense oligonucleotide that targets a region downstream of the canonical stop codon reduced TCR of NNAT and enhanced the differentiation of Neuro-2a cells to cholinergic neurons. Furthermore, NNATx-deficient Neuro-2a cells, generated using CRISPR-Cas9, showed increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels and enhanced neuronal differentiation. Overall, these results demonstrate regulation of neuronal differentiation by TCR of NNAT. Importantly, this process can be modulated using a synthetic antisense oligonucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Pandit
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Md Noor Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Susinder Sundaram
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sarthak Sahoo
- Undergraduate Program, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lekha E Manjunath
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep M Eswarappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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5
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Rudolph A, Stengel A, Suhs M, Schaper S, Wölk E, Rose M, Hofmann T. Circulating Neuronatin Levels Are Positively Associated with BMI and Body Fat Mass but Not with Psychological Parameters. Nutrients 2023; 15:3657. [PMID: 37630847 PMCID: PMC10459747 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human genetic studies have associated Neuronatin gene variants with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity. Studies on the expression of the Neuronatin gene product, a proteolipid, are lacking. We investigated the relationship between circulating Neuronatin, body mass index (BMI), body composition (BC), physical activity (PA), and psychometric outcomes in patients with AN, normal weight, and obesity. Plasma Neuronatin was measured by ELISA in (1) 79 subjects of five BMI categories (AN/BMI < 17.5 kg/m2; normal weight/BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2; obesity/BMI 30-40 kg/m2; obesity/BMI 40-50 kg/m2; obesity/BMI > 50 kg/m2) with assessment of BC (bioimpedance analysis; BIA); (2) 49 women with AN (BMI 14.5 ± 1.8 kg/m2) with measurements of BC (BIA) and PA (accelerometry); (3) 79 women with obesity (BMI 48.8 ± 7.8 kg/m2) with measurements of anxiety (GAD-7), stress (PSQ-20), depression (PHQ-9) and eating behavior (EDI-2). Overall, a positive correlation was found between Neuronatin and BMI (p = 0.006) as well as total fat mass (FM; p = 0.036). In AN, Neuronatin did not correlate with BMI, FM, or PA (p > 0.05); no correlations were found between Neuronatin and psychometric outcomes in obesity (p > 0.05). The findings suggest an FM-dependent peripheral Neuronatin expression. The decreased Neuronatin expression in AN provides evidence that Neuronatin is implicated in the pathogenesis of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Rudolph
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Suhs
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Selina Schaper
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Ellen Wölk
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Matthias Rose
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Outcomes Measurement Science, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Tobias Hofmann
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, DRK Kliniken Berlin Wiegmann Klinik, 14050 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Plasterer C, Semenikhina M, Tsaih SW, Flister MJ, Palygin O. NNAT is a novel mediator of oxidative stress that suppresses ER + breast cancer. Mol Med 2023; 29:87. [PMID: 37400769 PMCID: PMC10318825 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronatin (NNAT) was recently identified as a novel mediator of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, which correlated with decreased tumorigenic potential and prolonged patient survival. However, despite these observations, the molecular and pathophysiological role(s) of NNAT in ER + breast cancer remains unclear. Based on high protein homology with phospholamban, we hypothesized that NNAT mediates the homeostasis of intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i levels and endoplasmic reticulum (EndoR) function, which is frequently disrupted in ER + breast cancer and other malignancies. METHODS To evaluate the role of NNAT on [Ca2+]i homeostasis, we used a combination of bioinformatics, gene expression and promoter activity assays, CRISPR gene manipulation, pharmacological tools and confocal imaging to characterize the association between ROS, NNAT and calcium signaling. RESULTS Our data indicate that NNAT localizes predominantly to EndoR and lysosome, and genetic manipulation of NNAT levels demonstrated that NNAT modulates [Ca2+]i influx and maintains Ca2+ homeostasis. Pharmacological inhibition of calcium channels revealed that NNAT regulates [Ca2+]i levels in breast cancer cells through the interaction with ORAI but not the TRPC signaling cascade. Furthermore, NNAT is transcriptionally regulated by NRF1, PPARα, and PPARγ and is strongly upregulated by oxidative stress via the ROS and PPAR signaling cascades. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data suggest that NNAT expression is mediated by oxidative stress and acts as a regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis to impact ER + breast cancer proliferation, thus providing a molecular link between the longstanding observation that is accumulating ROS and altered Ca2+ signaling are key oncogenic drivers of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Plasterer
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Marharyta Semenikhina
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shirng-Wern Tsaih
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center (GSPMC), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael J Flister
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center (GSPMC), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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7
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Choi KM, Ko CY, An SM, Cho SH, Rowland DJ, Kim JH, Fasoli A, Chaudhari AJ, Bers DM, Yoon JC. Regulation of beige adipocyte thermogenesis by the cold-repressed ER protein NNAT. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101679. [PMID: 36708951 PMCID: PMC9932177 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cold stimuli trigger the conversion of white adipose tissue into beige adipose tissue, which is capable of non-shivering thermogenesis. However, what process drives this activation of thermogenesis in beige fat is not well understood. Here, we examine the ER protein NNAT as a regulator of thermogenesis in adipose tissue. METHODS We investigated the regulation of adipose tissue NNAT expression in response to changes in ambient temperature. We also evaluated the functional role of NNAT in thermogenic regulation using Nnat null mice and primary adipocytes that lack or overexpress NNAT. RESULTS Cold exposure or treatment with a β3-adrenergic agonist reduces the expression of adipose tissue NNAT in mice. Genetic disruption of Nnat in mice enhances inguinal adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nnat null mice exhibit improved cold tolerance both in the presence and absence of UCP1. Gain-of-function studies indicate that ectopic expression of Nnat abolishes adrenergic receptor-mediated respiration in beige adipocytes. NNAT physically interacts with the ER Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) in adipocytes and inhibits its activity, impairing Ca2+ transport and heat dissipation. We further demonstrate that NHLRC1, an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase implicated in proteasomal degradation of NNAT, is induced by cold exposure or β3-adrenergic stimulation, thus providing regulatory control at the protein level. This serves to link cold stimuli to NNAT degradation in adipose tissue, which in turn leads to enhanced SERCA activity. CONCLUSIONS Our study implicates NNAT in the regulation of adipocyte thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Christopher Y Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Cho
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Douglas J Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jung Hak Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Anna Fasoli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Abhijit J Chaudhari
- Department of Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95825, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John C Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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8
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Radtke F, Palladino VS, McNeill RV, Chiocchetti AG, Haslinger D, Leyh M, Gersic D, Frank M, Grünewald L, Klebe S, Brüstle O, Günther K, Edenhofer F, Kranz TM, Reif A, Kittel-Schneider S. ADHD-associated PARK2 copy number variants: A pilot study on gene expression and effects of supplementary deprivation in patient-derived cell lines. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2022; 189:257-270. [PMID: 35971782 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies show an association of Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PARK2) copy number variations (CNVs) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of our pilot study to investigate gene expression associated with PARK2 CNVs in human-derived cellular models. We investigated gene expression in fibroblasts, hiPSC and dopaminergic neurons (DNs) of ADHD PARK2 deletion and duplication carriers by qRT PCR compared with healthy and ADHD cell lines without PARK2 CNVs. The selected 10 genes of interest were associated with oxidative stress response (TP53, NQO1, and NFE2L2), ubiquitin pathway (UBE3A, UBB, UBC, and ATXN3) and with a function in mitochondrial quality control (PINK1, MFN2, and ATG5). Additionally, an exploratory RNA bulk sequencing analysis in DNs was conducted. Nutrient deprivation as a supplementary deprivation stress paradigm was used to enhance potential genotype effects. At baseline, in fibroblasts, hiPSC, and DNs, there was no significant difference in gene expression after correction for multiple testing. After nutrient deprivation in fibroblasts NAD(P)H-quinone-dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) expression was significantly increased in PARK2 CNV carriers. In a multivariate analysis, ubiquitin C (UBC) was significantly upregulated in fibroblasts of PARK2 CNV carriers. RNA sequencing analysis of DNs showed the strongest significant differential regulation in Neurontin (NNAT) at baseline and after nutrient deprivation. Our preliminary results suggest differential gene expression in pathways associated with oxidative stress, ubiquitine-proteasome, immunity, inflammation, cell growth, and differentiation, excitation/inhibition modulation, and energy metabolism in PARK2 CNV carriers compared to wildtype healthy controls and ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Radtke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viola Stella Palladino
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rhiannon V McNeill
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas G Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Denise Haslinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Matthias Leyh
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Danijel Gersic
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Frank
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lena Grünewald
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephan Klebe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Günther
- Department of Genomics, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology & CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Edenhofer
- Department of Genomics, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology & CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thorsten M Kranz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Zou HY, Guo L, Zhang B, Chen S, Wu XR, Liu XD, Xu XY, Li BY, Chen S, Xu NJ, Sun S. Aberrant miR-339-5p/neuronatin signaling causes prodromal neuronal calcium dyshomeostasis in mutant presenilin mice. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e149160. [PMID: 35426376 PMCID: PMC9012292 DOI: 10.1172/jci149160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom spine loss and calcium dyshomeostasis are early hallmark events of age-related neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), that are connected with neuronal hyperactivity in early pathology of cognitive brain areas. However, it remains elusive how these key events are triggered at the molecular level for the neuronal abnormality that occurs at the initial stage of disease. Here, we identify downregulated miR-339-5p and its upregulated target protein, neuronatin (Nnat), in cortex neurons from the presenilin-1 M146V knockin (PSEN1-M146V KI) mouse model of familial AD (FAD). Inhibition of miR-339-5p or overexpression of Nnat recapitulates spine loss and endoplasmic reticulum calcium overload in cortical neurons with the PSEN1 mutation. Conversely, either overexpression of miR-339-5p or knockdown of Nnat restores spine morphogenesis and calcium homeostasis. We used fiber photometry recording during the object-cognitive process to further demonstrate that the PSEN1 mutant causes defective habituation in neuronal reaction in the retrosplenial cortex and that this can be rescued by restoring the miR-339-5p/Nnat pathway. Our findings thus reveal crucial roles of the miR-339-5p/Nnat pathway in FAD that may serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for early pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Zou
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
| | - Lin Guo
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
| | - Si Chen
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and
| | - Xin-Rong Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
| | - Xian-Dong Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and
| | - Xin-Yu Xu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and
| | - Bin-Yin Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
| | - Nan-Jie Xu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, and
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suya Sun
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital
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10
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Macias-Velasco JF, St Pierre CL, Wayhart JP, Yin L, Spears L, Miranda MA, Carson C, Funai K, Cheverud JM, Semenkovich CF, Lawson HA. Parent-of-origin effects propagate through networks to shape metabolic traits. eLife 2022; 11:e72989. [PMID: 35356864 PMCID: PMC9075957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-of-origin effects are unexpectedly common in complex traits, including metabolic and neurological traits. Parent-of-origin effects can be modified by the environment, but the architecture of these gene-by-environmental effects on phenotypes remains to be unraveled. Previously, quantitative trait loci (QTL) showing context-specific parent-of-origin effects on metabolic traits were mapped in the F16 generation of an advanced intercross between LG/J and SM/J inbred mice. However, these QTL were not enriched for known imprinted genes, suggesting another mechanism is needed to explain these parent-of-origin effects phenomena. We propose that non-imprinted genes can generate complex parent-of-origin effects on metabolic traits through interactions with imprinted genes. Here, we employ data from mouse populations at different levels of intercrossing (F0, F1, F2, F16) of the LG/J and SM/J inbred mouse lines to test this hypothesis. Using multiple populations and incorporating genetic, genomic, and physiological data, we leverage orthogonal evidence to identify networks of genes through which parent-of-origin effects propagate. We identify a network comprised of three imprinted and six non-imprinted genes that show parent-of-origin effects. This epistatic network forms a nutritional responsive pathway and the genes comprising it jointly serve cellular functions associated with growth. We focus on two genes, Nnat and F2r, whose interaction associates with serum glucose levels across generations in high-fat-fed females. Single-cell RNAseq reveals that Nnat expression increases and F2r expression decreases in pre-adipocytes along an adipogenic trajectory, a result that is consistent with our observations in bulk white adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Macias-Velasco
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Celine L St Pierre
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Jessica P Wayhart
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Larry Spears
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Mario A Miranda
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Caryn Carson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Katsuhiko Funai
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | | | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Heather A Lawson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
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11
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Wheater ENW, Galdi P, McCartney DL, Blesa M, Sullivan G, Stoye DQ, Lamb G, Sparrow S, Murphy L, Wrobel N, Quigley AJ, Semple S, Thrippleton MJ, Wardlaw JM, Bastin ME, Marioni RE, Cox SR, Boardman JP. DNA methylation in relation to gestational age and brain dysmaturation in preterm infants. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac056. [PMID: 35402911 PMCID: PMC8984700 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with dysconnectivity of structural brain networks and is a leading cause of neurocognitive impairment in childhood. Variation in DNA methylation is associated with early exposure to extrauterine life but there has been little research exploring its relationship with brain development. Using genome-wide DNA methylation data from the saliva of 258 neonates, we investigated the impact of gestational age on the methylome and performed functional analysis to identify enriched gene sets from probes that contributed to differentially methylated probes or regions. We tested the hypothesis that variation in DNA methylation could underpin the association between low gestational age at birth and atypical brain development by linking differentially methylated probes with measures of white matter connectivity derived from diffusion MRI metrics: peak width skeletonized mean diffusivity, peak width skeletonized fractional anisotropy and peak width skeletonized neurite density index. Gestational age at birth was associated with widespread differential methylation at term equivalent age, with genome-wide significant associations observed for 8870 CpG probes (P < 3.6 × 10-8) and 1767 differentially methylated regions. Functional analysis identified 14 enriched gene ontology terms pertaining to cell-cell contacts and cell-extracellular matrix contacts. Principal component analysis of probes with genome-wide significance revealed a first principal component that explained 23.5% of the variance in DNA methylation, and this was negatively associated with gestational age at birth. The first principal component was associated with peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (β = 0.349, P = 8.37 × 10-10) and peak width skeletonized neurite density index (β = 0.364, P = 4.15 × 10-5), but not with peak width skeletonized fraction anisotropy (β = -0.035, P = 0.510); these relationships mirrored the imaging metrics' associations with gestational age at birth. Low gestational age at birth has a profound and widely distributed effect on the neonatal saliva methylome that is apparent at term equivalent age. Enriched gene ontology terms related to cell-cell contacts reveal pathways that could mediate the effect of early life environmental exposures on development. Finally, associations between differential DNA methylation and image markers of white matter tract microstructure suggest that variation in DNA methylation may provide a link between preterm birth and the dysconnectivity of developing brain networks that characterizes atypical brain development in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N. W. Wheater
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Paola Galdi
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Manuel Blesa
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gemma Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - David Q. Stoye
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gillian Lamb
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah Sparrow
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Nicola Wrobel
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alan J. Quigley
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Scott Semple
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Michael J. Thrippleton
- Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark E. Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Simon R. Cox
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James P. Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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12
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Martins S, Erichsen L, Datsi A, Wruck W, Goering W, Chatzantonaki E, de Amorim VCM, Rossi A, Chrzanowska KH, Adjaye J. Impaired p53-Mediated DNA Damage Response Contributes to Microcephaly in Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Patient-Derived Cerebral Organoids. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050802. [PMID: 35269426 PMCID: PMC8909307 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations within nibrin (NBN), a DNA damage repair protein. Hallmarks of NBS include chromosomal instability and clinical manifestations such as growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and progressive microcephaly. We employed induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids from two NBS patients to study the etiology of microcephaly. We show that NBS organoids carrying the homozygous 657del5 NBN mutation are significantly smaller with disrupted cyto-architecture. The organoids exhibit premature differentiation, and Neuronatin (NNAT) over-expression. Furthermore, pathways related to DNA damage response and cell cycle are differentially regulated compared to controls. After exposure to bleomycin, NBS organoids undergo delayed p53-mediated DNA damage response and aberrant trans-synaptic signaling, which ultimately leads to neuronal apoptosis. Our data provide insights into how mutations within NBN alters neurogenesis in NBS patients, thus providing a proof of concept that cerebral organoids are a valuable tool for studying DNA damage-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Martins
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
| | - Lars Erichsen
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
| | - Wolfgang Goering
- Institute for Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Eleftheria Chatzantonaki
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
| | - Vanessa Cristina Meira de Amorim
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Krystyna H. Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.M.); (L.E.); (W.W.); (E.C.); (V.C.M.d.A.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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The evolutionary history of the polyQ tract in huntingtin sheds light on its functional pro-neural activities. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:293-305. [PMID: 34974533 PMCID: PMC8817008 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease is caused by a pathologically long (>35) CAG repeat located in the first exon of the Huntingtin gene (HTT). While pathologically expanded CAG repeats are the focus of extensive investigations, non-pathogenic CAG tracts in protein-coding genes are less well characterized. Here, we investigated the function and evolution of the physiological CAG tract in the HTT gene. We show that the poly-glutamine (polyQ) tract encoded by CAGs in the huntingtin protein (HTT) is under purifying selection and subjected to stronger selective pressures than CAG-encoded polyQ tracts in other proteins. For natural selection to operate, the polyQ must perform a function. By combining genome-edited mouse embryonic stem cells and cell assays, we show that small variations in HTT polyQ lengths significantly correlate with cells' neurogenic potential and with changes in the gene transcription network governing neuronal function. We conclude that during evolution natural selection promotes the conservation and purity of the CAG-encoded polyQ tract and that small increases in its physiological length influence neural functions of HTT. We propose that these changes in HTT polyQ length contribute to evolutionary fitness including potentially to the development of a more complex nervous system.
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14
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Senís E, Esgleas M, Najas S, Jiménez-Sábado V, Bertani C, Giménez-Alejandre M, Escriche A, Ruiz-Orera J, Hergueta-Redondo M, Jiménez M, Giralt A, Nuciforo P, Albà MM, Peinado H, Del Toro D, Hove-Madsen L, Götz M, Abad M. TUNAR lncRNA Encodes a Microprotein that Regulates Neural Differentiation and Neurite Formation by Modulating Calcium Dynamics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:747667. [PMID: 35036403 PMCID: PMC8758570 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.747667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory molecules which have been traditionally considered as “non-coding”. Strikingly, recent evidence has demonstrated that many non-coding regions, including lncRNAs, do in fact contain small-open reading frames that code for small proteins that have been called microproteins. Only a few of them have been characterized so far, but they display key functions in a wide variety of cellular processes. Here, we show that TUNAR lncRNA encodes an evolutionarily conserved microprotein expressed in the nervous system that we have named pTUNAR. pTUNAR deficiency in mouse embryonic stem cells improves their differentiation potential towards neural lineage both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, pTUNAR overexpression impairs neuronal differentiation by reduced neurite formation in different model systems. At the subcellular level, pTUNAR is a transmembrane protein that localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum and interacts with the calcium transporter SERCA2. pTUNAR overexpression reduces cytoplasmatic calcium, consistent with a possible role of pTUNAR as an activator of SERCA2. Altogether, our results suggest that our newly discovered microprotein has an important role in neural differentiation and neurite formation through the regulation of intracellular calcium. From a more general point of view, our results provide a proof of concept of the role of lncRNAs-encoded microproteins in neural differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Senís
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Esgleas
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Stem Cell Research, Großhaderner Str, SyNergy Excellence Cluster, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Sonia Najas
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Stem Cell Research, Großhaderner Str, SyNergy Excellence Cluster, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Verónica Jiménez-Sábado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camilla Bertani
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Giménez-Alejandre
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Escriche
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Orera
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Hergueta-Redondo
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Jiménez
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Giralt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Mar Albà
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Toro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Stem Cell Research, Großhaderner Str, SyNergy Excellence Cluster, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - María Abad
- Cellular Plasticity and Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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McIlwraith EK, Lieu CV, Belsham DD. Bisphenol A induces miR-708-5p through an ER stress-mediated mechanism altering neuronatin and neuropeptide Y expression in hypothalamic neuronal models. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 539:111480. [PMID: 34624438 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical that promotes obesity. It acts on the hypothalamus by increasing expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides, Npy and Agrp. Exactly how BPA dysregulates energy homeostasis is not completely clear. Since microRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as crucial weight regulators, the question of whether BPA could alter hypothalamic miRNA profiles was examined. Treatment of the mHypoA-59 cell line with 100 μM BPA altered a specific subset of miRNAs, and the most upregulated was miR-708-5p. BPA was found to increase the levels of miR-708-5p, and its parent gene Odz4, through the ER stress-related protein Chop. Overexpression of an miR-708-5p mimic resulted in a reduction of neuronatin, a proteolipid whose loss of expression is associated with obesity, and an increase in orexigenic Npy expression, thus potentially increasing feeding through converging regulatory pathways. Therefore, hypothalamic exposure to BPA can increase miR-708-5p that controls neuropeptides directly linked to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K McIlwraith
- Departments of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Calvin V Lieu
- Departments of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Departments of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Departments of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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16
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Lieu CV, Loganathan N, Belsham DD. Mechanisms Driving Palmitate-Mediated Neuronal Dysregulation in the Hypothalamus. Cells 2021; 10:3120. [PMID: 34831343 PMCID: PMC8617942 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus maintains whole-body homeostasis by integrating information from circulating hormones, nutrients and signaling molecules. Distinct neuronal subpopulations that express and secrete unique neuropeptides execute the individual functions of the hypothalamus, including, but not limited to, the regulation of energy homeostasis, reproduction and circadian rhythms. Alterations at the hypothalamic level can lead to a myriad of diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and infertility. The excessive consumption of saturated fatty acids can induce neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and resistance to peripheral signals, ultimately leading to hyperphagia, obesity, impaired reproductive function and disturbed circadian rhythms. This review focuses on the how the changes in the underlying molecular mechanisms caused by palmitate exposure, the most commonly consumed saturated fatty acid, and the potential involvement of microRNAs, a class of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, can result in detrimental alterations in protein expression and content. Studying the involvement of microRNAs in hypothalamic function holds immense potential, as these molecular markers are quickly proving to be valuable tools in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin V. Lieu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (C.V.L.); (N.L.)
| | - Neruja Loganathan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (C.V.L.); (N.L.)
| | - Denise D. Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (C.V.L.); (N.L.)
- Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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17
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Gutherz OR, Deyssenroth M, Li Q, Hao K, Jacobson JL, Chen J, Jacobson SW, Carter RC. Potential roles of imprinted genes in the teratogenic effects of alcohol on the placenta, somatic growth, and the developing brain. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113919. [PMID: 34752786 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite several decades of research and prevention efforts, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) remain the most common preventable cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities worldwide. Animal and human studies have implicated fetal alcohol-induced alterations in epigenetic programming as a chief mechanism in FASD. Several studies have demonstrated fetal alcohol-related alterations in methylation and expression of imprinted genes in placental, brain, and embryonic tissue. Imprinted genes are epigenetically regulated in a parent-of-origin-specific manner, in which only the maternal or paternal allele is expressed, and the other allele is silenced. The chief functions of imprinted genes are in placental development, somatic growth, and neurobehavior-three domains characteristically affected in FASD. In this review, we summarize the growing body of literature characterizing prenatal alcohol-related alterations in imprinted gene methylation and/or expression and discuss potential mechanistic roles for these alterations in the teratogenic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Future research is needed to examine potential physiologic mechanisms by which alterations in imprinted genes disrupt development in FASD, which may, in turn, elucidate novel targets for intervention. Furthermore, mechanistic alterations in imprinted gene expression and/or methylation in FASD may inform screening assays that identify individuals with FASD neurobehavioral deficits who may benefit from early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Gutherz
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa
| | - R Colin Carter
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, United States of America.
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18
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Xing P, Hong L, Yan G, Tan B, Qiao J, Wang S, Li Z, JieYang, Zheng E, Cai G, Wu Z, Gu T. Neuronatin gene expression levels affect foetal growth and development by regulating glucose transport in porcine placenta. Gene 2021; 809:146051. [PMID: 34756962 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Imprinted genes play important regulatory roles in the growth and development of placentas and foetuses during pregnancy. In a previous study, we found that the imprinted gene Neuronatin (NNAT) is involved in foetal development; NNAT expression was significantly lower in the placentas of piglets that died neonatally compared to the placentas of surviving piglets. However, the function and mechanism of NNAT in regulating porcine placental development is still unknown. In this study, we collected the placentas of high- and low-weight foetuses at gestational day (GD 65, 90), (n = 4-5 litters/GD) to investigate the role of NNAT in regulating foetal growth and development. We found that the mRNA and protein levels of NNAT were significantly higher in the placentas of high-weight than low-weight foetuses. We then overexpressed NNAT in porcine placental trophoblast cell lines (pTr2) and demonstrated that NNAT activated the PI3K-AKT pathway, and further promoted the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and increased cellular calcium ion levels, which improved glucose transport in placental trophoblast cells in vitro. To conclude, our study suggests that NNAT expression impacts porcine foetal development by regulating placental glucose transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Xing
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanhao Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd, Yunfu, China
| | - JieYang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd, Yunfu, China
| | - Ting Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou, China & College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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19
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Braun JL, Teng ACT, Geromella MS, Ryan CR, Fenech RK, MacPherson REK, Gramolini AO, Fajardo VA. Neuronatin promotes SERCA uncoupling and its expression is altered in skeletal muscles of high-fat diet-fed mice. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2756-2767. [PMID: 34693525 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuronatin (NNAT) is a transmembrane protein in the endoplasmic reticulum involved in metabolic regulation. It shares sequence homology with sarcolipin (SLN), which negatively regulates the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) that maintains energy homeostasis in muscles. Here, we examined whether NNAT could uncouple the Ca2+ transport activity of SERCA from ATP hydrolysis, similarly to SLN. NNAT significantly reduced Ca2+ uptake without altering SERCA activity, ultimately lowering the apparent coupling ratio of SERCA. This effect of NNAT was reversed by the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin. Furthermore, soleus muscles from high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice showed a significant downregulation in NNAT content compared with chow-fed mice, whereas an upregulation in NNAT content was observed in fast-twitch muscles from HFD- versus chow- fed mice. Therefore, NNAT is a SERCA uncoupler in cells and may function in adaptive thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Braun
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Allen C T Teng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mia S Geromella
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Chantal R Ryan
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Rachel K Fenech
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Rebecca E K MacPherson
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.,Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
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20
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Cimino I, Rimmington D, Tung YCL, Lawler K, Larraufie P, Kay RG, Virtue S, Lam BYH, Fagnocchi L, Ma MKL, Saudek V, Zvetkova I, Vidal-Puig A, Yeo GSH, Farooqi IS, Pospisilik JA, Gribble FM, Reimann F, O'Rahilly S, Coll AP. Murine neuronatin deficiency is associated with a hypervariable food intake and bimodal obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17571. [PMID: 34475432 PMCID: PMC8413370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronatin (Nnat) has previously been reported to be part of a network of imprinted genes downstream of the chromatin regulator Trim28. Disruption of Trim28 or of members of this network, including neuronatin, results in an unusual phenotype of a bimodal body weight. To better characterise this variability, we examined the key contributors to energy balance in Nnat+/-p mice that carry a paternal null allele and do not express Nnat. Consistent with our previous studies, Nnat deficient mice on chow diet displayed a bimodal body weight phenotype with more than 30% of Nnat+/-p mice developing obesity. In response to both a 45% high fat diet and exposure to thermoneutrality (30 °C) Nnat deficient mice maintained the hypervariable body weight phenotype. Within a calorimetry system, food intake in Nnat+/-p mice was hypervariable, with some mice consuming more than twice the intake seen in wild type littermates. A hyperphagic response was also seen in Nnat+/-p mice in a second, non-home cage environment. An expected correlation between body weight and energy expenditure was seen, but corrections for the effects of positive energy balance and body weight greatly diminished the effect of neuronatin deficiency on energy expenditure. Male and female Nnat+/-p mice displayed subtle distinctions in the degree of variance body weight phenotype and food intake and further sexual dimorphism was reflected in different patterns of hypothalamic gene expression in Nnat+/-p mice. Loss of the imprinted gene Nnat is associated with a highly variable food intake, with the impact of this phenotype varying between genetically identical individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cimino
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Debra Rimmington
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Y C Loraine Tung
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Katherine Lawler
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust‑MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Pierre Larraufie
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Richard G Kay
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Samuel Virtue
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Brian Y H Lam
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Luca Fagnocchi
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Marcella K L Ma
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Vladimir Saudek
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Ilona Zvetkova
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Giles S H Yeo
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust‑MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - J Andrew Pospisilik
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Fiona M Gribble
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Stephen O'Rahilly
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Anthony P Coll
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK.
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21
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Yuan R, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhu X, Hu S, Zeng J, Liang F, Tang Q, Chen Y, Chen L, Zhu W, Li M, Mo D. Reorganization of chromatin architecture during prenatal development of porcine skeletal muscle. DNA Res 2021; 28:6261936. [PMID: 34009337 PMCID: PMC8154859 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibres (primary and secondary myofibre) are the basic structure of muscle and the determinant of muscle mass. To explore the skeletal muscle developmental processes from primary myofibres to secondary myofibres in pigs, we conducted an integrative three-dimensional structure of genome and transcriptomic characterization of longissimus dorsi muscle of pig from primary myofibre formation stage [embryonic Day 35 (E35)] to secondary myofibre formation stage (E80). In the hierarchical genomic structure, we found that 11.43% of genome switched compartment A/B status, 14.53% of topologically associating domains are changed intradomain interactions (D-scores) and 2,730 genes with differential promoter–enhancer interactions and (or) enhancer activity from E35 to E80. The alterations of genome architecture were found to correlate with expression of genes that play significant roles in neuromuscular junction, embryonic morphogenesis, skeletal muscle development or metabolism, typically, NEFL, MuSK, SLN, Mef2D and GCK. Significantly, Sox6 and MATN2 play important roles in the process of primary to secondary myofibres formation and increase the regulatory potential score and genes expression in it. In brief, we reveal the genomic reorganization from E35 to E80 and construct genome-wide high-resolution interaction maps that provide a resource for studying long-range control of gene expression from E35 to E80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaman Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Silu Hu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianhua Zeng
- Guangdong YIHAO Food Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Feng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Delin Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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22
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Aquaporins implicated in the cell proliferation and the signaling pathways of cell stemness. Biochimie 2021; 188:52-60. [PMID: 33894294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins facilitating passive transport of water and other small molecules across biomembranes. Regulation of osmotic homeostasis via AQPs is accompanied by dynamic participation of various cellular signaling pathways. Recently emerging evidence reveals that functional roles of AQPs are further extended from the osmotic regulation via water permeation into the cell proliferation and differentiation. In particular, anomalous expression of AQPs has been demonstrated in various types of cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells and it has been proposed as markers for proliferation and progression of cancer cells. Thus, a more comprehensive view on AQPs could bring a great interest in the cell stemness accompanied by the expression of AQPs. AQPs are broadly expressed across tissues and cells in a cell type- and lineage-specific manner during development via spatiotemporal transcriptional regulation. Moreover, AQPs are expressed in various adult stem cells and cells associated with a stem cell niche as well as cancer stem-like cells. However, the expression and regulatory mechanisms of AQP expression in stem cells have not been well understood. This review highlighted the AQPs expression in stem cell niches/stem cells and the involvement of AQPs in the cell proliferation and signaling pathways associated with cell stemness.
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23
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Trujillo CA, Rice ES, Schaefer NK, Chaim IA, Wheeler EC, Madrigal AA, Buchanan J, Preissl S, Wang A, Negraes PD, Szeto RA, Herai RH, Huseynov A, Ferraz MSA, Borges FS, Kihara AH, Byrne A, Marin M, Vollmers C, Brooks AN, Lautz JD, Semendeferi K, Shapiro B, Yeo GW, Smith SEP, Green RE, Muotri AR. Reintroduction of the archaic variant of NOVA1 in cortical organoids alters neurodevelopment. Science 2021; 371:371/6530/eaax2537. [PMID: 33574182 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved splicing regulator neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) plays a key role in neural development and function. NOVA1 also includes a protein-coding difference between the modern human genome and Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes. To investigate the functional importance of an amino acid change in humans, we reintroduced the archaic allele into human induced pluripotent cells using genome editing and then followed their neural development through cortical organoids. This modification promoted slower development and higher surface complexity in cortical organoids with the archaic version of NOVA1 Moreover, levels of synaptic markers and synaptic protein coassociations correlated with altered electrophysiological properties in organoids expressing the archaic variant. Our results suggest that the human-specific substitution in NOVA1, which is exclusive to modern humans since divergence from Neanderthals, may have had functional consequences for our species' evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleber A Trujillo
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Edward S Rice
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Nathan K Schaefer
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Isaac A Chaim
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Emily C Wheeler
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Assael A Madrigal
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin Buchanan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Allen Wang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Priscilla D Negraes
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan A Szeto
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roberto H Herai
- Experimental Multiuser Laboratory (LEM), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Alik Huseynov
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Mariana S A Ferraz
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
| | - Fernando S Borges
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
| | - Alexandre H Kihara
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
| | - Ashley Byrne
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Maximillian Marin
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Christopher Vollmers
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Angela N Brooks
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Jonathan D Lautz
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Katerina Semendeferi
- Department of Anthropology, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephen E P Smith
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Richard E Green
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Alysson R Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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24
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Villanueva-Hayes C, Millership SJ. Imprinted Genes Impact Upon Beta Cell Function in the Current (and Potentially Next) Generation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660532. [PMID: 33986727 PMCID: PMC8112240 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta cell failure lies at the centre of the aetiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and the epigenetic control of the expression of critical beta cell genes appears to play a major role in this decline. One such group of epigenetically-controlled genes, termed 'imprinted' genes, are characterised by transgenerational monoallelic expression due to differential allelic DNA methylation and play key functional roles within beta cells. Here, we review the evidence for this functional importance of imprinted genes in beta cells as well as their nutritional regulation by the diet and their altered methylation and/or expression in rodent models of diabetes and in type 2 diabetic islets. We also discuss imprinted genes in the context of the next generation, where dietary overnutrition in the parents can lead to their deregulation in the offspring, alongside beta cell dysfunction and defective glucose handling. Both the modulation of imprinted gene expression and the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood are susceptible to the impact of nutritional status in early life. Imprinted loci, therefore, represent an excellent opportunity with which to assess epigenomic changes in beta cells due to the diet in both the current and next generation.
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25
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Ucuncu E, Rajamani K, Wilson MSC, Medina-Cano D, Altin N, David P, Barcia G, Lefort N, Banal C, Vasilache-Dangles MT, Pitelet G, Lorino E, Rabasse N, Bieth E, Zaki MS, Topcu M, Sonmez FM, Musaev D, Stanley V, Bole-Feysot C, Nitschké P, Munnich A, Bahi-Buisson N, Fossoud C, Giuliano F, Colleaux L, Burglen L, Gleeson JG, Boddaert N, Saiardi A, Cantagrel V. MINPP1 prevents intracellular accumulation of the chelator inositol hexakisphosphate and is mutated in Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6087. [PMID: 33257696 PMCID: PMC7705663 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphates are vital metabolic and secondary messengers, involved in diverse cellular functions. Therefore, tight regulation of inositol polyphosphate metabolism is essential for proper cell physiology. Here, we describe an early-onset neurodegenerative syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase 1 gene (MINPP1). Patients are found to have a distinct type of Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia with typical basal ganglia involvement on neuroimaging. We find that patient-derived and genome edited MINPP1−/− induced stem cells exhibit an inefficient neuronal differentiation combined with an increased cell death. MINPP1 deficiency results in an intracellular imbalance of the inositol polyphosphate metabolism. This metabolic defect is characterized by an accumulation of highly phosphorylated inositols, mostly inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), detected in HEK293 cells, fibroblasts, iPSCs and differentiating neurons lacking MINPP1. In mutant cells, higher IP6 level is expected to be associated with an increased chelation of intracellular cations, such as iron or calcium, resulting in decreased levels of available ions. These data suggest the involvement of IP6-mediated chelation on Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia disease pathology and thereby highlight the critical role of MINPP1 in the regulation of human brain development and homeostasis. Tight regulation of inositol polyphosphate metabolism is essential for proper cell physiology. Here, the authors describe an early-onset neurodegenerative syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the MINPP1 gene, characterised by intracellular imbalance of inositol polyphosphate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Ucuncu
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Karthyayani Rajamani
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Miranda S C Wilson
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Daniel Medina-Cano
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nami Altin
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Pierre David
- Transgenesis Platform, Laboratoire d'Expérimentation Animale et Transgenèse (LEAT), Imagine Institute, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker INSERM US24/CNRS UMS3633, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Barcia
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Lefort
- Université de Paris, iPSC Core Facility, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Céline Banal
- Université de Paris, iPSC Core Facility, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | | | - Gaële Pitelet
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Nice, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Elsa Lorino
- ESEAN, 44200 Nantes, Service de maladies chroniques de l'enfant, CHU Nantes, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Rabasse
- Service de pédiatrie, hôpital d'Antibes-Juan-les-Pins, 06600, Antibes-Juan-les-Pins, France
| | - Eric Bieth
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Toulouse, 31059, Toulouse, France
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
| | - Meral Topcu
- Department of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Fatma Mujgan Sonmez
- Guven Hospital, Child Neurology Department, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61080, Turkey
| | - Damir Musaev
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Christine Bole-Feysot
- Université de Paris, Genomics Platform, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Nitschké
- Université de Paris, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- Université de Paris, Translational Genetics Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Bahi-Buisson
- Université de Paris, Genetics and Development of the Cerebral Cortex Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Fossoud
- Centre de Référence des Troubles des Apprentissages, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Fabienne Giuliano
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06202, Nice, France
| | - Laurence Colleaux
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- Département de radiologie pédiatrique, INSERM UMR 1163 and INSERM U1000, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, UK.
| | - Vincent Cantagrel
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France.
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Jin L, Chen Y, Crossman DK, Datta A, Vu T, Mobley JA, Basu MK, Scarduzio M, Wang H, Chang C, Datta PK. STRAP regulates alternative splicing fidelity during lineage commitment of mouse embryonic stem cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5941. [PMID: 33230114 PMCID: PMC7684319 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is involved in cell fate decisions and embryonic development. However, regulation of these processes is poorly understood. Here, we have identified the serine threonine kinase receptor-associated protein (STRAP) as a putative spliceosome-associated factor. Upon Strap deletion, there are numerous AS events observed in mouse embryoid bodies (EBs) undergoing a neuroectoderm-like state. Global mapping of STRAP-RNA binding in mouse embryos by enhanced-CLIP sequencing (eCLIP-seq) reveals that STRAP preferably targets transcripts for nervous system development and regulates AS through preferred binding positions, as demonstrated for two neuronal-specific genes, Nnat and Mark3. We have found that STRAP involves in the assembly of 17S U2 snRNP proteins. Moreover, in Xenopus, loss of Strap leads to impeded lineage differentiation in embryos, delayed neural tube closure, and altered exon skipping. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unknown function of STRAP in mediating the splicing networks of lineage commitment, alteration of which may be involved in early embryonic lethality in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Yunjia Chen
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Arunima Datta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Trung Vu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Malay Kumar Basu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Mariangela Scarduzio
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutic, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Chenbei Chang
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Pran K Datta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
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Embryonic periventricular endothelial cells demonstrate a unique pro-neurodevelopment and anti-inflammatory gene signature. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20393. [PMID: 33230288 PMCID: PMC7683543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain embryonic periventricular endothelial cells (PVEC) crosstalk with neural progenitor cells (NPC) promoting mutual proliferation, formation of tubular-like structures in the former and maintenance of stemness in the latter. To better characterize this interaction, we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis of mouse PVEC vs. adult brain endothelial cells (ABEC) in mono-culture or NPC co-culture. We identified > 6000 differentially expressed genes (DEG), regardless of culture condition. PVEC exhibited a 30-fold greater response to NPC than ABEC (411 vs. 13 DEG). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of DEG that were higher or lower in PVEC vs. ABEC identified "Nervous system development" and "Response to Stress" as the top significantly different biological process, respectively. Enrichment in canonical pathways included HIF1A, FGF/stemness, WNT signaling, interferon signaling and complement. Solute carriers (SLC) and ABC transporters represented an important subset of DEG, underscoring PVEC's implication in blood-brain barrier formation and maintenance of nutrient-rich/non-toxic environment. Our work characterizes the gene signature of PVEC and their important partnership with NPC, underpinning their unique role in maintaining a healthy neurovascular niche, and in supporting brain development. This information may pave the way for additional studies to explore their therapeutic potential in neuro-degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
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28
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Guggenberger M, Engster KM, Hofmann T, Rose M, Stengel A, Kobelt P. Cholecystokinin and bombesin activate neuronatin neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract. Brain Res 2020; 1746:147006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Galiakberova AA, Dashinimaev EB. Neural Stem Cells and Methods for Their Generation From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:815. [PMID: 33117792 PMCID: PMC7578226 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) provide promising approaches for investigating embryonic neurogenesis, modeling of the pathogenesis of diseases of the central nervous system, and for designing drug-screening systems. Such cells also have an application in regenerative medicine. The most convenient and acceptable source of NSCs is pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells). However, there are many different protocols for the induction and differentiation of NSCs, and these result in a wide range of neural cell types. This review is intended to summarize the knowledge accumulated, to date, by workers in this field. It should be particularly useful for researchers who are beginning investigations in this area of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelya A Galiakberova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Erdem B Dashinimaev
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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30
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Braun JL, Geromella MS, Hamstra SI, Fajardo VA. Neuronatin regulates whole-body metabolism: is thermogenesis involved? FASEB Bioadv 2020; 2:579-586. [PMID: 33089074 PMCID: PMC7566048 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronatin (NNAT) was originally discovered in 1995 and labeled as a brain developmental gene due to its abundant expression in developing brains. Over the past 25 years, researchers have uncovered NNAT in other tissues; notably, the hypothalamus, pancreatic β‐cells, and adipocytes. Recent evidence in these tissues indicates that NNAT plays a significant role in metabolism whereby it regulates food intake, insulin secretion, and adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, genetic deletion of Nnat in mice lowers whole‐body energy expenditure and increases susceptibility to diet‐induced obesity and glucose intolerance; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unknown. Based on its sequence homology with phospholamban, NNAT has a purported role in regulating the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump. However, NNAT also shares sequence homology with sarcolipin, which has the unique property of uncoupling the SERCA pump, increasing whole‐body energy expenditure and thus promoting adaptive thermogenesis in states of caloric excess or cold exposure. Thus, in this article, we discuss the accumulating evidence suggestive of NNAT’s role in whole‐body metabolic regulation, while highlighting its potential to mediate adaptive thermogenesis via SERCA uncoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Braun
- Department of Kinesiology Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Neuroscience Brock University St. Catharines ON USA
| | - Mia S Geromella
- Department of Kinesiology Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health Brock University St. Catharines ON USA
| | - Sophie I Hamstra
- Department of Kinesiology Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health Brock University St. Catharines ON USA
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health Brock University St. Catharines ON USA.,Centre for Neuroscience Brock University St. Catharines ON USA
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31
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Saeed H, Sinha S, Mella C, Kuerbitz JS, Cales ML, Steele MA, Stanke J, Damron D, Safadi F, Kuerbitz SJ. Aberrant epigenetic silencing of neuronatin is a frequent event in human osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1876-1893. [PMID: 32499872 PMCID: PMC7244018 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The paternally imprinted neuronatin (NNAT) gene has been identified as a target of aberrant epigenetic silencing in diverse cancers, but no association with pediatric bone cancers has been reported to date. In screening childhood cancers, we identified aberrant CpG island hypermethylation in a majority of osteosarcoma (OS) samples and in 5 of 6 human OS cell lines studied but not in normal bone-derived tissue samples. CpG island hypermethylation was associated with transcriptional silencing in human OS cells, and silencing was reversible upon treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Expression of NNAT was detectable in osteoblasts and chondrocytes of human bone, supporting a potential role in bone homeostasis. Enforced expression of NNAT in human OS cells lacking endogenous expression resulted in significant reduction in colony formation and in vitro migration compared to nonexpressor control cells. We next analyzed the effect of NNAT expression on intracellular calcium homeostasis and found that was associated with an attenuated decay of calcium levels to baseline following ATP-induced release of calcium from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores. Furthermore, NNAT expression was associated with increased cytotoxicity in OS cells from thapsigargin, an inhibitor of calcium reuptake into ER and an inducer of the ER stress response. These results suggest a possible tumor suppressor role for NNAT in human osteosarcoma. Additional study is needed ascertain sensitization to ER stress-associated apoptosis as a mechanism of NNAT-dependent cytotoxicity. In that case, epigenetic modification therapy to effect NNAT transcriptional derepression may represent a therapeutic strategy potentially of benefit to a majority of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleema Saeed
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.,Current affiliation: Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sayantani Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christine Mella
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Kuerbitz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.,Current affiliation: Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Monica L Cales
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Pikeville, Pikeville, KY, USA.,Current affiliation: Penn State Health St. Joseph, Reading, PA, USA
| | - Mark A Steele
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Stanke
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.,Current affiliation: Foundation Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Derek Damron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Fayez Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.,Musculoskeletal Research Group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.,Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Steven J Kuerbitz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Akron Childrens Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.,Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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32
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Kanno N, Fujiwara K, Yoshida S, Kato T, Kato Y. Dynamic Changes in the Localization of Neuronatin-Positive Cells during Neurogenesis in the Embryonic Rat Brain. Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 207:127-137. [DOI: 10.1159/000504359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronatin (NNAT) was first identified as a gene selectively and abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the newborn mouse brain, and involved in neonatal neurogenesis. However, the particular roles of NNAT in the developing prenatal brain have not been identified, especially in mid to late stages. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical analyses of NNAT and SOX2 proteins, a nuclear transcription factor and neural stem/progenitor marker, in the rat brain on embryonic days 13.5, E16.5, and E20.5. NNAT signals were broadly observed across the developing brain on E13.5 and gradually more localized in later stages, eventually concentrated in the alar and basal parts of the terminal hypothalamus, the alar plate of prosomere 2 of the thalamus, and the choroid plexus in the lateral and fourth ventricles on E20.5. In particular, the mammillary body in the basal part of the terminal hypothalamus, a region with a high number of SOX2-positive cells, evidenced intense NNAT signals on E20.5. The intracellular localization of NNAT showed diverse profiles, suggesting that NNAT was involved in various cellular functions, such as cell differentiation and functional maintenance, during prenatal neurogenesis in the rat brain. Thus, the present observations suggested diverse and active roles of the NNAT protein in neurogenesis. Determining the function of this molecule may assist in the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in brain development.
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33
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Plasterer C, Tsaih SW, Peck AR, Chervoneva I, O’Meara C, Sun Y, Lemke A, Murphy D, Smith J, Ran S, Kovatich AJ, Hooke JA, Shriver CD, Hu H, Mitchell EP, Bergom C, Joshi A, Auer P, Prokop J, Rui H, Flister MJ. Neuronatin is a modifier of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer incidence and outcome. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 177:77-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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Ma NX, Yin JC, Chen G. Transcriptome Analysis of Small Molecule-Mediated Astrocyte-to-Neuron Reprogramming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:82. [PMID: 31231645 PMCID: PMC6558402 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical reprogramming of astrocytes into neurons represents a promising approach to regenerate new neurons for brain repair, but the underlying mechanisms driving this trans-differentiation process are not well understood. We have recently identified four small molecules – CHIR99021, DAPT, LDN193189, and SB431542 – that can efficiently reprogram cultured human fetal astrocytes into functional neurons. Here we employ the next generation of RNA-sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome changes during the astrocyte-to-neuron (AtN) conversion process. We found that the four small molecules can rapidly activate the hedgehog signaling pathway while downregulating many glial genes such as FN1 and MYL9 within 24 h of treatment. Chemical reprogramming is mediated by several waves of differential gene expression, including upregulation of hedgehog, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways, together with downregulation of TGF-β and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Our gene network analyses reveal many well-connected hub genes such as repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA), neuronatin (NNAT), neurogenin 2 (NEUROG2), NPTX2, MOXD1, JAG1, and GAP43, which may coordinate the chemical reprogramming process. Together, these findings provide critical insights into the molecular cascades triggered by a combination of small molecules that eventually leads to chemical conversion of astrocytes into neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xin Ma
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Jiu-Chao Yin
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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35
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Calcium Activity Dynamics Correlate with Neuronal Phenotype at a Single Cell Level and in a Threshold-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081880. [PMID: 30995769 PMCID: PMC6515432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a ubiquitous signaling molecule that plays a vital role in many physiological processes. Recent work has shown that calcium activity is especially critical in vertebrate neural development. Here, we investigated if calcium activity and neuronal phenotype are correlated only on a population level or on the level of single cells. Using Xenopus primary cell culture in which individual cells can be unambiguously identified and associated with a molecular phenotype, we correlated calcium activity with neuronal phenotype on the single-cell level. This analysis revealed that, at the neural plate stage, a high frequency of low-amplitude spiking activity correlates with an excitatory, glutamatergic phenotype, while high-amplitude spiking activity correlates with an inhibitory, GABAergic phenotype. Surprisingly, we also found that high-frequency, low-amplitude spiking activity correlates with neural progenitor cells and that differentiating cells exhibit higher spike amplitude. Additional methods of analysis suggested that differentiating marker tubb2b-expressing cells exhibit relatively persistent and predictable calcium activity compared to the irregular activity of neural progenitor cells. Our study highlights the value of using a range of thresholds for analyzing calcium activity data and underscores the importance of employing multiple methods to characterize the often irregular, complex patterns of calcium activity during early neural development.
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36
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Kanno N, Yoshida S, Kato T, Kato Y. Characteristic Localization of Neuronatin in Rat Testis, Hair Follicle, Tongue, and Pancreas. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:495-509. [PMID: 30869556 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419836433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronatin (Nnat) is expressed in the pituitary, pancreas, and other tissues; however, the function of NNAT is still unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that NNAT is localized in the sex-determining region Y-box 2-positive stem/progenitor cells in the developing rat pituitary primordium and is downregulated during differentiation into mature hormone-producing cells. Moreover, NNAT is widely localized in subcellular organelles, excluding the Golgi. Here, we further evaluated NNAT-positive cells and intracellular localization in embryonic and postnatal rat tissues such as the pancreas, tongue, whisker hair follicle, and testis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that NNAT was localized in undifferentiated cells (i.e., epithelial basal cells and basement cells in the papillae of the tongue and round and elongated spermatids of the testis) as well as in differentiated cells (insulin-positive cells and exocrine cells of the pancreas, taste receptor cells of the fungiform papilla, the inner root sheath of whisker hair follicles, and spermatozoa). In addition, NNAT exhibited novel intracellular localization in acrosomes in the spermatozoa. Because the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is excluded from spermatozoa and sarco/ER Ca2+-ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2) is absent from the inner root sheath, these findings suggested that NNAT localization in the ER and its interaction with SERCA2 are cell- or tissue-specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kanno
- Division of Life Science, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Saishu Yoshida
- Institute of Endocrinology, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takako Kato
- Institute of Endocrinology, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Division of Life Science, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Institute of Endocrinology, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Vatsa N, Kumar V, Singh BK, Kumar SS, Sharma A, Jana NR. Down-Regulation of miRNA-708 Promotes Aberrant Calcium Signaling by Targeting Neuronatin in a Mouse Model of Angelman Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:35. [PMID: 30814928 PMCID: PMC6381399 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of ubiquitin ligase UBE3A is paternally imprinted in neurons and loss of function of maternally inherited UBE3A causes Angelman syndrome (AS), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability and motor disturbances. Over activation of UBE3A is also linked with autism. Mice deficient for maternal Ube3a (AS mice) exhibit various behavioral features of AS including cognitive and motor deficits although the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we investigated possible involvement of miRNA in AS pathogenesis and identified miR-708 as one of the down-regulated miRNA in the brain of AS mice. This miR-708 targets endoplasmic reticulum resident protein neuronatin (a developmentally regulated protein in the brain) leading to decrease in intracellular Ca2+. Suppression of miR-708 or ectopic expression of neuronatin increased the level of intracellular Ca2+ and phosphorylation of CaMKIIα at Thr286. Neuronatin level was significantly increased in various brain regions of AS mice during embryonic and early postnatal days as well as in parvalbumin-positive GABAergic neurons during adulthood with respect to age-matched wild type controls. Differentiated cultured primary cortical neurons obtained from AS mice brain also exhibited higher expression of neuronatin, increased intracellular basal Ca2+ along with augmented phosphorylation of CaMKIIα at Thr286. These results indicate that miR-708/neuronatin mediated aberrant calcium signaling might be implicated in AS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naman Vatsa
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Vipendra Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Shashi Shekhar Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.,School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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Moore SM, Seidman JS, Ellegood J, Gao R, Savchenko A, Troutman TD, Abe Y, Stender J, Lee D, Wang S, Voytek B, Lerch JP, Suh H, Glass CK, Muotri AR. Setd5 haploinsufficiency alters neuronal network connectivity and leads to autistic-like behaviors in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:24. [PMID: 30655503 PMCID: PMC6336863 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
SETD5, a gene linked to intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a member of the SET-domain family and encodes a putative histone methyltransferase (HMT). To date, the mechanism by which SETD5 haploinsufficiency causes ASD/ID remains an unanswered question. Setd5 is the highly conserved mouse homolog, and although the Setd5 null mouse is embryonic lethal, the heterozygote is viable. Morphological tracing and multielectrode array was used on cultured cortical neurons. MRI was conducted of adult mouse brains and immunohistochemistry of juvenile mouse brains. RNA-Seq was used to investigate gene expression in the developing cortex. Behavioral assays were conducted on adult mice. Setd5+/- cortical neurons displayed significantly reduced synaptic density and neuritic outgrowth in vitro, with corresponding decreases in network activity and synchrony by electrophysiology. A specific subpopulation of fetal Setd5+/- cortical neurons showed altered gene expression of neurodevelopment-related genes. Setd5+/- animals manifested several autism-like behaviors, including hyperactivity, cognitive deficit, and altered social interactions. Anatomical differences were observed in Setd5+/- adult brains, accompanied by a deficit of deep-layer cortical neurons in the developing brain. Our data converge on a picture of abnormal neurodevelopment driven by Setd5 haploinsufficiency, consistent with a highly penetrant risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer M Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason S Seidman
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Gao
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alex Savchenko
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ty D Troutman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yohei Abe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Josh Stender
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daehoon Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sicong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bradley Voytek
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- 5Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hoonkyo Suh
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alysson R Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universityof California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Millership SJ, Da Silva Xavier G, Choudhury AI, Bertazzo S, Chabosseau P, Pedroni SM, Irvine EE, Montoya A, Faull P, Taylor WR, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Ferrer J, Christian M, John RM, Latreille M, Liu M, Rutter GA, Scott J, Withers DJ. Neuronatin regulates pancreatic β cell insulin content and secretion. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3369-3381. [PMID: 29864031 PMCID: PMC6063487 DOI: 10.1172/jci120115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronatin (Nnat) is an imprinted gene implicated in human obesity and widely expressed in neuroendocrine and metabolic tissues in a hormone- and nutrient-sensitive manner. However, its molecular and cellular functions and precise role in organismal physiology remain only partly defined. Here we demonstrate that mice lacking Nnat globally or specifically in β cells display impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion leading to defective glucose handling under conditions of nutrient excess. In contrast, we report no evidence for any feeding or body weight phenotypes in global Nnat-null mice. At the molecular level neuronatin augments insulin signal peptide cleavage by binding to the signal peptidase complex and facilitates translocation of the nascent preprohormone. Loss of neuronatin expression in β cells therefore reduces insulin content and blunts glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Nnat expression, in turn, is glucose-regulated. This mechanism therefore represents a novel site of nutrient-sensitive control of β cell function and whole-animal glucose homeostasis. These data also suggest a potential wider role for Nnat in the regulation of metabolism through the modulation of peptide processing events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Millership
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Da Silva Xavier
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sergio Bertazzo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia M.A. Pedroni
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine E. Irvine
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Montoya
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Faull
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - William R. Taylor
- Computational Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, UMR 1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Francois Pattou
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, UMR 1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Beta Cell Genome Regulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Christian
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind M. John
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic J. Withers
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Carter RC, Chen J, Li Q, Deyssenroth M, Dodge NC, Wainwright HC, Molteno CD, Meintjes EM, Jacobson JL, Jacobson SW. Alcohol-Related Alterations in Placental Imprinted Gene Expression in Humans Mediate Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Postnatal Growth. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1431-1443. [PMID: 29870072 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence in animal models has implicated alcohol-induced alterations in epigenetic programming as an important mechanism in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Imprinted genes, a subset of epigenetically regulated genes that are sensitive to the prenatal environment, are chiefly involved in growth and neurobehavior. We tested the hypothesis that alterations in placental imprinted gene expression mediate fetal alcohol growth restriction. METHODS Placental expression of 109 genes previously shown to be imprinted and expressed in the placenta was assessed using the NanoString™ nCounter Analysis System in flash-frozen samples from 34 heavy drinkers and 31 control women in Cape Town, South Africa, from whom prospective pregnancy alcohol consumption data had been obtained. Length/height, weight, and head circumference were measured at 6.5 and 12 months and at an FASD diagnostic clinic (at ages 1.1 to 4.6 years) that we organized. Imprinted gene expression between exposed and control placentas was compared using the limma R package. The relation of alcohol exposure to World Health Organization length-for-age z-scores was examined before and after inclusion of expression for each alcohol-related imprinted gene, using hierarchical mixed regression models with repeated measures. RESULTS Heavy drinkers averaged 8 standard drinks on 2 to 3 days/wk (vs. 0 for controls). Prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with smaller length/height and weight during the postnatal period. Heavy exposure was related to alterations in expression of 11 of 93 expressed imprinted genes, including increased expression of 5 genes found to be negatively associated with growth and decreased expression of 3 genes positively associated with growth. Alcohol-related alterations in expression of 5 genes statistically mediated the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on length. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify alcohol-related alterations in placental imprinted gene expression as potential biomarkers of adverse effect in FASD and suggest that these alterations may play a mechanistic role in fetal alcohol growth restriction. Future studies are needed to determine whether alterations in imprinted gene expression also mediate FASD neurobehavioral deficits and whether such alterations are amenable to intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colin Carter
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Institute for Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Neil C Dodge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Helen C Wainwright
- National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christopher D Molteno
- National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- the Departments of Human Biology and of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ernesta M Meintjes
- National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- the Departments of Human Biology and of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- the Departments of Human Biology and of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- the Departments of Human Biology and of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
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TRPC3 is required for the survival, pluripotency and neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:253-265. [PMID: 29392682 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical subfamily member 3 (TRPC3) is known to be important for neural development and the formation of neuronal networks. Here, we investigated the role of TRPC3 in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and during the differentiation of mESCs into neurons. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of TRPC3 induced apoptosis and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential both in undifferentiated mESCs and in those undergoing neural differentiation. In addition, TRPC3 KO impaired the pluripotency of mESCs. TRPC3 KO also dramatically repressed the neural differentiation of mESCs by inhibiting the expression of markers for neural progenitors, neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Taken together, our new data demonstrate an important function of TRPC3 with regards to the survival, pluripotency and neural differentiation of mESCs.
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Hříbková H, Grabiec M, Klemová D, Slaninová I, Sun YM. Five steps to form neural rosettes: structure and function. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.206896. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.206896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural rosette formation is a critical morphogenetic process during neural development, whereby neural stem cells are enclosed in rosette niches to equipoise proliferation and differentiation. How neural rosettes form and provide a regulatory micro-environment remains to be elucidated. We employed the human embryonic stem cell-based neural rosette system to investigate the structural development and function of neural rosettes. Our study shows that neural rosette formation consists of 5 types of cell movements: intercalation, constriction, polarization, elongation, and lumen formation. Ca2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in the five steps by regulating the actions of the cytoskeletal complexes, ACTIN, MYOSIN II, and TUBULIN during intercalation, constriction, and elongation. These in turn control the polarizing elements, ZO-1, PARD3, and β-CATENIN during polarization and lumen formation in neural rosette formation. We further demonstrated that the dismantlement of neural rosettes, mediated by the destruction of cytoskeletal elements, promoted neurogenesis and astrogenesis prematurely, indicating that an intact rosette structure is essential for orderly neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Hříbková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Grabiec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dobromila Klemová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Slaninová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yuh-Man Sun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Monteleone NJ, Lutz CS. miR-708-5p: a microRNA with emerging roles in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71292-71316. [PMID: 29050362 PMCID: PMC5642637 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are crucial for normal development and maintaining homeostasis. Researchers have discovered that dysregulated miRNA expression contributes to many pathological conditions, including cancer. miRNAs can augment or suppress tumorigenesis based on their expression and transcribed targetome in various cell types. In recent years, researchers have begun to identify miRNAs commonly dysregulated in cancer. One recently identified miRNA, miR-708-5p, has been shown to have profound roles in promoting or suppressing oncogenesis in a myriad of solid and hematological tumors. This review highlights the diverse, sometimes controversial findings reported for miR-708-5p in cancer, and the importance of further exploring this exciting miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Monteleone
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Carol S. Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Nass N, Walter S, Jechorek D, Weissenborn C, Ignatov A, Haybaeck J, Sel S, Kalinski T. High neuronatin (NNAT) expression is associated with poor outcome in breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:23-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lineage-specific functions of TET1 in the postimplantation mouse embryo. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1061-1072. [PMID: 28504700 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian TET enzymes catalyze DNA demethylation. While they have been intensely studied as major epigenetic regulators, little is known about their physiological roles and the extent of functional redundancy following embryo implantation. Here we define non-redundant roles for TET1 at an early postimplantation stage of the mouse embryo, when its paralogs Tet2 and Tet3 are not detectably expressed. TET1 regulates numerous genes defining differentiation programs in the epiblast and extraembryonic ectoderm. In epiblast cells, TET1 demethylates gene promoters via hydroxymethylation and maintains telomere stability. Surprisingly, TET1 represses a majority of epiblast target genes independently of methylation changes, in part through regulation of the gene encoding the transcriptional repressor JMJD8. Dysregulated gene expression in the absence of TET1 causes embryonic defects, which are partially penetrant in an inbred strain but fully lethal in non-inbred mice. Collectively, our study highlights an interplay between the catalytic and non-catalytic activities of TET1 that is essential for normal development.
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Sel S, Patzel E, Poggi L, Kaiser D, Kalinski T, Schicht M, Paulsen F, Nass N. Temporal and spatial expression pattern of Nnat during mouse eye development. Gene Expr Patterns 2016; 23-24:7-12. [PMID: 28038958 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronatin (Nnat) was initially identified as a highly expressed gene in neonatal mammalian brain. In this study, we analyze the spatial and temporal expression pattern of Nnat during mouse eye development as well as in the adult. METHODS The expression of Nnat was analyzed on mRNA as well as protein level. The presence of Nnat transcripts in the adult retina was examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nnat protein expression was evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry during eye development at embryonic day (E) 12, 15, 16 and postnatal day (P) 7, 14, 30 and 175 (adult). RESULTS Immunohistochemical studies of the developing mouse eye revealed Nnat expression in embryonic and adult neuroretina as well as in corneal epithelial, stromal, endothelial cells and in lens epithelium. Expression of Nnat was detected from E12 onwards and was also present in adult eyes. CONCLUSIONS The expression pattern suggests that Nnat may play an important role during eye development and in the maintenance of mature eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadettin Sel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Eva Patzel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Poggi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Delia Kaiser
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Norbert Nass
- Institute of Pathology, University Magdeburg, Germany
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Bedont JL, LeGates TA, Buhr E, Bathini A, Ling JP, Bell B, Wu MN, Wong PC, Van Gelder RN, Mongrain V, Hattar S, Blackshaw S. An LHX1-Regulated Transcriptional Network Controls Sleep/Wake Coupling and Thermal Resistance of the Central Circadian Clockworks. Curr Biol 2016; 27:128-136. [PMID: 28017605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the central circadian clock in mammals. It is entrained by light but resistant to temperature shifts that entrain peripheral clocks [1-5]. The SCN expresses many functionally important neuropeptides, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), which drives light entrainment, synchrony, and amplitude of SCN cellular clocks and organizes circadian behavior [5-16]. The transcription factor LHX1 drives SCN Vip expression, and cellular desynchrony in Lhx1-deficient SCN largely results from Vip loss [17, 18]. LHX1 regulates many genes other than Vip, yet activity rhythms in Lhx1-deficient mice are similar to Vip-/- mice under light-dark cycles and only somewhat worse in constant conditions. We suspected that LHX1 targets other than Vip have circadian functions overlooked in previous studies. In this study, we compared circadian sleep and temperature rhythms of Lhx1- and Vip-deficient mice and found loss of acute light control of sleep in Lhx1 but not Vip mutants. We also found loss of circadian resistance to fever in Lhx1 but not Vip mice, which was partially recapitulated by heat application to cultured Lhx1-deficient SCN. Having identified VIP-independent functions of LHX1, we mapped the VIP-independent transcriptional network downstream of LHX1 and a largely separable VIP-dependent transcriptional network. The VIP-independent network does not affect core clock amplitude and synchrony, unlike the VIP-dependent network. These studies identify Lhx1 as the first gene required for temperature resistance of the SCN clockworks and demonstrate that acute light control of sleep is routed through the SCN and its immediate output regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Bedont
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tara A LeGates
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ethan Buhr
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Abhijith Bathini
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jonathan P Ling
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Benjamin Bell
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mark N Wu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Philip C Wong
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | - Valerie Mongrain
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Samer Hattar
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Center for Human Systems Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Tet proteins influence the balance between neuroectodermal and mesodermal fate choice by inhibiting Wnt signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E8267-E8276. [PMID: 27930333 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617802113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TET-family dioxygenases catalyze conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and oxidized methylcytosines in DNA. Here, we show that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), either lacking Tet3 alone or with triple deficiency of Tet1/2/3, displayed impaired adoption of neural cell fate and concomitantly skewed toward cardiac mesodermal fate. Conversely, ectopic expression of Tet3 enhanced neural differentiation and limited cardiac mesoderm specification. Genome-wide analyses showed that Tet3 mediates cell-fate decisions by inhibiting Wnt signaling, partly through promoter demethylation and transcriptional activation of the Wnt inhibitor secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (Sfrp4). Tet1/2/3-deficient embryos (embryonic day 8.0-8.5) showed hyperactivated Wnt signaling, as well as aberrant differentiation of bipotent neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) into mesoderm at the expense of neuroectoderm. Our data demonstrate a key role for TET proteins in modulating Wnt signaling and establishing the proper balance between neural and mesodermal cell fate determination in mouse embryos and ESCs.
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Grabiec M, Hříbková H, Vařecha M, Střítecká D, Hampl A, Dvořák P, Sun YM. Stage-specific roles of FGF2 signaling in human neural development. Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:330-341. [PMID: 27608170 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study elucidated the stage-specific roles of FGF2 signaling during neural development using in-vitro human embryonic stem cell-based developmental modeling. We found that the dysregulation of FGF2 signaling prior to the onset of neural induction resulted in the malformation of neural rosettes (a neural tube-like structure), despite cells having undergone neural induction. The aberrant neural rosette formation may be attributed to the misplacement of ZO-1, which is a polarized tight junction protein and shown co-localized with FGF2/FGFR1 in the apical region of neural rosettes, subsequently led to abnormal neurogenesis. Moreover, the FGF2 signaling inhibition at the stage of neural rosettes caused a reduction in cell proliferation, an increase in numbers of cells with cell-cycle exit, and premature neurogenesis. These effects may be mediated by NUMB, to which expression was observed enriched in the apical region of neural rosettes after FGF2 signaling inhibition coinciding with the disappearance of PAX6+/Ki67+ neural stem cells and the emergence of MAP2+ neurons. Moreover, our results suggested that the hESC-based developmental system reserved a similar neural stem cell niche in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grabiec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hříbková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Vařecha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Střítecká
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvořák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yuh-Man Sun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Pitale PM, Howse W, Gorbatyuk M. Neuronatin Protein in Health and Disease. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:477-481. [PMID: 27442611 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuronatin (NNAT) was first identified as a brain-specific gene crucial for brain development. Over the years, NNAT has been studied in different developing and post-developed tissues and organs. While NNAT manifests functional and structural similarities to the phospholamban gene, its physiological and pathological roles in healthy and diseased tissues have not been precisely identified. Ca2+ signaling, glucose transport, insulin secretion, and inflammation modulated at different pathological conditions have been proposed to be governed by NNAT. This review describes the current findings of cellular molecular pathways known to be modified concomitantly with an alteration in NNAT expression, and it highlights the need to conduct extensive investigation regarding the role of NNAT in health and disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 477-481, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada M Pitale
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wayne Howse
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Marina Gorbatyuk
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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