1
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Hatano R, Smith AM, Raman R, Zamora JE, Bashir R, McCloskey KE. Comparing fabrication techniques for engineered cardiac tissue. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1921-1929. [PMID: 38752415 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering can provide in vitro models for drug testing, disease modeling, and perhaps someday, tissue/organ replacements. For building 3D heart tissue, the alignment of cardiac cells or cardiomyocytes (CMs) is important in generating a synchronously contracting tissue. To that end, researchers have generated several fabrication methods for building heart tissue, but direct comparisons of pros and cons using the same cell source is lacking. Here, we derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and compare the assembly of these cells using three fabrication methods: cardiospheres, muscle rings, and muscle strips. All three protocols successfully generated compacted tissue comprised of hiPSC-derived CMs stable for at least 2 weeks. The percentage of aligned cells was greatest in the muscle strip (55%) and the muscle ring (50%) compared with the relatively unaligned cardiospheres (35%). The iPSC-derived CMs within the muscle strip also exhibited the greatest elongation, with elongation factor at 2.0 compared with 1.5 for the muscle ring and 1.2 for the cardiospheres. This is the first direct comparison of various fabrication techniques using the same cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hatano
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Small-scale Technologies, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Ariell M Smith
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Ritu Raman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Jose E Zamora
- Graduate Program in Materials and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Kara E McCloskey
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Small-scale Technologies, University of California, Merced, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of California, Merced, USA
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2
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Zubkova E, Dergilev K, Beloglazova I, Kalinin A, Guseva A, Andreev A, Partigulov S, Lepilin M, Menshikov M, Parfyonova Y. Paracrine Responses of Cardiosphere-Derived Cells to Cytokines and TLR Ligands: A Comparative Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17278. [PMID: 38139105 PMCID: PMC10743612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are currently being evaluated in clinical trials as a potential therapeutic tool for regenerative medicine. The effectiveness of transplanted CDCs is largely attributed to their ability to release beneficial soluble factors to enhance therapeutic effects. An emerging area of research is the pretreatment of stem cells, including CDCs, with various cytokines to improve their therapeutic properties. This strategy aims to enhance their survival, proliferation, differentiation, and paracrine activities after transplantation. In our study, we investigated the differential effects of various cytokines and TLR ligands on the secretory phenotype of human CDCs. Using a magnetic bead-based immunoassay, we analyzed the CDCs-conditioned media for 41 cytokines and growth factors and detected the presence of 21 cytokines. We found that CDC incubation with lipopolysaccharide, a TLR4 ligand, and the cytokine combination of TNF/IFN significantly increased the secretion of most of the cytokines detected. Specifically, we observed an increased secretion and gene expression of IP10, MCP3, IL8, and VEGFA. In contrast, the TLR3 ligand polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and TGF-beta had minimal effects on CDC cytokine secretion. Additionally, TNF/IFN, but not LPS, enhanced ICAM1 expression. Our findings offer new insights into the role of cytokines in potentially modulating the biology and regenerative potential of CDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Zubkova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Konstantin Dergilev
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Irina Beloglazova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexander Kalinin
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Alika Guseva
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexander Andreev
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Stanislav Partigulov
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Mikhail Lepilin
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.K.); (A.G.); (M.M.)
- The Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Ergir E, Oliver-De La Cruz J, Fernandes S, Cassani M, Niro F, Pereira-Sousa D, Vrbský J, Vinarský V, Perestrelo AR, Debellis D, Vadovičová N, Uldrijan S, Cavalieri F, Pagliari S, Redl H, Ertl P, Forte G. Generation and maturation of human iPSC-derived 3D organotypic cardiac microtissues in long-term culture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17409. [PMID: 36257968 PMCID: PMC9579206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide; hence there is an increasing focus on developing physiologically relevant in vitro cardiovascular tissue models suitable for studying personalized medicine and pre-clinical tests. Despite recent advances, models that reproduce both tissue complexity and maturation are still limited. We have established a scaffold-free protocol to generate multicellular, beating human cardiac microtissues in vitro from hiPSCs-namely human organotypic cardiac microtissues (hOCMTs)-that show some degree of self-organization and can be cultured for long term. This is achieved by the differentiation of hiPSC in 2D monolayer culture towards cardiovascular lineage, followed by further aggregation on low-attachment culture dishes in 3D. The generated hOCMTs contain multiple cell types that physiologically compose the heart and beat without external stimuli for more than 100 days. We have shown that 3D hOCMTs display improved cardiac specification, survival and metabolic maturation as compared to standard monolayer cardiac differentiation. We also confirmed the functionality of hOCMTs by their response to cardioactive drugs in long-term culture. Furthermore, we demonstrated that they could be used to study chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Due to showing a tendency for self-organization, cellular heterogeneity, and functionality in our 3D microtissues over extended culture time, we could also confirm these constructs as human cardiac organoids (hCOs). This study could help to develop more physiologically-relevant cardiac tissue models, and represent a powerful platform for future translational research in cardiovascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Ergir
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge Oliver-De La Cruz
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Soraia Fernandes
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marco Cassani
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco Niro
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Pereira-Sousa
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vrbský
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Vinarský
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ana Rubina Perestrelo
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Doriana Debellis
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Electron Microscopy Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Natália Vadovičová
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stjepan Uldrijan
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesca Cavalieri
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.6530.00000 0001 2300 0941Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Heinz Redl
- grid.454388.6Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, 1200 Vienna, Austria ,grid.511951.8Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria ,grid.511951.8Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- grid.412752.70000 0004 0608 7557Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Studentská 812/6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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4
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Hamel KM, Liimatta KQ, Belgodere JA, Bunnell BA, Gimble JM, Martin EC. Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cell Response to Tumors and Wounds: Evaluation of Patient Age. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:579-592. [PMID: 35262397 PMCID: PMC9836707 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors were characterized as nonhealing wounds by Virchow in 1858 and Dvorak in 1986. Since then, researchers have analyzed tumors from a new perspective. The parallels between tumorigenesis and physiological wound healing can provide a new framework for developing antitumor therapeutics. One commonality between tumors and wounds is the involvement of the stromal environment, particularly adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs). ASCs exhibit dual functions, in which they stimulate tumor progression and assist in tissue repair and regeneration. Numerous studies have focused on the role of ASCs in cancer and wound healing, but none to date has linked age, cancer, and wound healing. Furthermore, very few studies have focused on the role of donor-specific characteristics of ASCs, such as age and their role in facilitating ASC behavior in cancer and wound healing. This review article is designed to provide important insights into the impact of donor age on ASC tumor and wound response and their role in facilitating ASC behavior in cancer and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M. Hamel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kara Q. Liimatta
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jorge A. Belgodere
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth C. Martin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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5
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Chimenti I, Picchio V, Pagano F, Schirone L, Schiavon S, D'Ambrosio L, Valenti V, Forte M, di Nonno F, Rubattu S, Peruzzi M, Versaci F, Greco E, Calogero A, De Falco E, Frati G, Sciarretta S. The impact of autophagy modulation on phenotype and survival of cardiac stromal cells under metabolic stress. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:149. [PMID: 35365624 PMCID: PMC8975847 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stromal cells (CSCs) embrace multiple phenotypes and are a contributory factor in tissue homeostasis and repair. They can be exploited as therapeutic mediators against cardiac fibrosis and remodeling, but their survival and cardioprotective properties can be decreased by microenvironmental cues. We evaluated the impact of autophagy modulation by different pharmacological/genetic approaches on the viability and phenotype of murine CSCs, which had been subjected to nutrient deprivation or hyperglycemia, in order to mimic relevant stress conditions and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Our results show that autophagy is activated in CSCs by nutrient deprivation, and that autophagy induction by trehalose or autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7)-overexpression can significantly preserve CSC viability. Furthermore, autophagy induction is associated with a higher proportion of primitive, non-activated stem cell antigen 1 (Sca1)-positive cells, and with a reduced fibrotic fraction (positive for the discoidin domain-containing receptor 2, DDR2) in the CSC pool after nutrient deprivation. Hyperglycemia, on the other hand, is associated with reduced autophagic flux in CSCs, and with a significant reduction in primitive Sca1+ cells. Autophagy induction by adenoviral-mediated ATG7-overexpression maintains a cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic paracrine profile of CSCs exposed to hyperglycemia for 1 week. Finally, autophagy induction by ATG7-overexpression during hyperglycemia can significantly preserve cell viability in CSCs, which were subsequently exposed to nutrient deprivation, reducing hyperglycemia-induced impairment of cell resistance to stress. In conclusion, our results show that autophagy stimulation preserves CSC viability and function in response to metabolic stressors, suggesting that it may boost the beneficial functions of CSCs in cardiac repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Biochemistry and Cellular Biology Istitute, CNR, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Schirone
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Schiavon
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Luca D'Ambrosio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Haemodynamic and Cardiology Unit, "Santa Maria Goretti" Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | | | | | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Versaci
- Haemodynamic and Cardiology Unit, "Santa Maria Goretti" Hospital, Latina, Italy
- Department of System Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Greco
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Calogero
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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6
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Picchio V, Bordin A, Floris E, Cozzolino C, Dhori X, Peruzzi M, Frati G, De Falco E, Pagano F, Chimenti I. The dynamic facets of the cardiac stroma: from classical markers to omics and translational perspectives. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1172-1187. [PMID: 35273721 PMCID: PMC8902528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac stromal cells have been long underestimated in their functions in homeostasis and repair. Recent evidence has changed this perspective in that many more players and facets than just "cardiac fibroblasts" have entered the field. Single cell transcriptomic studies on cardiac interstitial cells have shed light on the phenotypic plasticity of the stroma, whose transcriptional profile is dynamically regulated in homeostatic conditions and in response to external stimuli. Different populations and/or functional states that appear in homeostasis and pathology have been described, particularly increasing the complexity of studying the cardiac response to injury. In this review, we outline current phenotypical and molecular markers, and the approaches developed for identifying and classifying cardiac stromal cells. Significant advances in our understanding of cardiac stromal populations will provide a deeper knowledge on myocardial functional cellular components, as well as a platform for future developments of novel therapeutic strategies to counteract cardiac fibrosis and adverse cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Erica Floris
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Claudia Cozzolino
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Xhulio Dhori
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Biochemistry and Cellular Biology Institute, CNRMonterotondo, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
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7
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:1-40. [PMID: 35126826 PMCID: PMC8788183 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases’ morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
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8
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022. [PMID: 35126826 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases' morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt.
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9
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Jiang L, Liang J, Huang W, Ma J, Park KH, Wu Z, Chen P, Zhu H, Ma JJ, Cai W, Paul C, Niu L, Fan GC, Wang HS, Kanisicak O, Xu M, Wang Y. CRISPR activation of endogenous genes reprograms fibroblasts into cardiovascular progenitor cells for myocardial infarction therapy. Mol Ther 2022; 30:54-74. [PMID: 34678511 PMCID: PMC8753567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) using transgenic approaches, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We determined whether activation of endogenous genes such as Gata4, Nkx2.5, and Tbx5 can rapidly establish autoregulatory loops and initiate CPC generation in adult extracardiac fibroblasts using a CRISPR activation system. The induced fibroblasts (>80%) showed phenotypic changes as indicated by an Nkx2.5 cardiac enhancer reporter. The progenitor characteristics were confirmed by colony formation and expression of cardiovascular genes. Cardiac sphere induction segregated the early and late reprogrammed cells that can generate functional cardiomyocytes and vascular cells in vitro. Therefore, they were termed CRISPR-induced CPCs (ciCPCs). Transcriptomic analysis showed that cell cycle and heart development pathways were important to accelerate CPC formation during the early reprogramming stage. The CRISPR system opened the silenced chromatin locus, thereby allowing transcriptional factors to access their own promoters and eventually forming a positive feedback loop. The regenerative potential of ciCPCs was assessed after implantation in mouse myocardial infarction models. The engrafted ciCPCs differentiated into cardiovascular cells in vivo but also significantly improved contractile function and scar formation. In conclusion, multiplex gene activation was sufficient to drive CPC reprogramming, providing a new cell source for regenerative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jian-Jie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wenfeng Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Liang Niu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Onur Kanisicak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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10
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From Spheroids to Organoids: The Next Generation of Model Systems of Human Cardiac Regeneration in a Dish. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413180. [PMID: 34947977 PMCID: PMC8708686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids are tiny, self-organized, three-dimensional tissue cultures that are derived from the differentiation of stem cells. The growing interest in the use of organoids arises from their ability to mimic the biology and physiology of specific tissue structures in vitro. Organoids indeed represent promising systems for the in vitro modeling of tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, drug therapy testing, toxicology screening, and disease modeling. Although 2D cell cultures have been used for more than 50 years, even for their simplicity and low-cost maintenance, recent years have witnessed a steep rise in the availability of organoid model systems. Exploiting the ability of cells to re-aggregate and reconstruct the original architecture of an organ makes it possible to overcome many limitations of 2D cell culture systems. In vitro replication of the cellular micro-environment of a specific tissue leads to reproducing the molecular, biochemical, and biomechanical mechanisms that directly influence cell behavior and fate within that specific tissue. Lineage-specific self-organizing organoids have now been generated for many organs. Currently, growing cardiac organoid (cardioids) from pluripotent stem cells and cardiac stem/progenitor cells remains an open challenge due to the complexity of the spreading, differentiation, and migration of cardiac muscle and vascular layers. Here, we summarize the evolution of biological model systems from the generation of 2D spheroids to 3D organoids by focusing on the generation of cardioids based on the currently available laboratory technologies and outline their high potential for cardiovascular research.
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11
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Yousefi-Ahmadipour A, Asadi F, Pirsadeghi A, Nazeri N, Vahidi R, Abazari MF, Afgar A, Mirzaei-Parsa MJ. Current Status of Stem Cell Therapy and Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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In vitro CSC-derived cardiomyocytes exhibit the typical microRNA-mRNA blueprint of endogenous cardiomyocytes. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1146. [PMID: 34593953 PMCID: PMC8484596 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs modulate cardiomyocyte specification by targeting mRNAs of cell cycle regulators and acting in cardiac muscle lineage gene regulatory loops. It is unknown if or to-what-extent these miRNA/mRNA networks are operative during cardiomyocyte differentiation of adult cardiac stem/progenitor cells (CSCs). Clonally-derived mouse CSCs differentiated into contracting cardiomyocytes in vitro (iCMs). Comparison of "CSCs vs. iCMs" mRNome and microRNome showed a balanced up-regulation of CM-related mRNAs together with a down-regulation of cell cycle and DNA replication mRNAs. The down-regulation of cell cycle genes and the up-regulation of the mature myofilament genes in iCMs reached intermediate levels between those of fetal and neonatal cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyo-miRs were up-regulated in iCMs. The specific networks of miRNA/mRNAs operative in iCMs closely resembled those of adult CMs (aCMs). miR-1 and miR-499 enhanced myogenic commitment toward terminal differentiation of iCMs. In conclusions, CSC specification/differentiation into contracting iCMs follows known cardiomyo-MiR-dependent developmental cardiomyocyte differentiation trajectories and iCMs transcriptome/miRNome resembles that of CMs.
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13
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Vaka R, Davis DR. State-of-play for cellular therapies in cardiac repair and regeneration. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1579-1588. [PMID: 34448513 PMCID: PMC9290630 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death around the world. For almost two decades, cell therapy has been proposed as a solution for heart disease. In this article, we report on the “state‐of‐play” of cellular therapies for cardiac repair and regeneration. We outline the progression of new ideas from the preclinical literature to ongoing clinical trials. Recent data supporting the mechanics and mechanisms of myogenic and paracrine therapies are evaluated in the context of long‐term cardiac engraftment. This discussion informs on promising new approaches to indicate future avenues for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramana Vaka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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14
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Di Mattia M, Mauro A, Citeroni MR, Dufrusine B, Peserico A, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Dainese E, Cimini A, Barboni B. Insight into Hypoxia Stemness Control. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082161. [PMID: 34440930 PMCID: PMC8394199 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the research on stemness and multilineage differentiation mechanisms has greatly increased its value due to the potential therapeutic impact of stem cell-based approaches. Stem cells modulate their self-renewing and differentiation capacities in response to endogenous and/or extrinsic factors that can control stem cell fate. One key factor controlling stem cell phenotype is oxygen (O2). Several pieces of evidence demonstrated that the complexity of reproducing O2 physiological tensions and gradients in culture is responsible for defective stem cell behavior in vitro and after transplantation. This evidence is still worsened by considering that stem cells are conventionally incubated under non-physiological air O2 tension (21%). Therefore, the study of mechanisms and signaling activated at lower O2 tension, such as those existing under native microenvironments (referred to as hypoxia), represent an effective strategy to define if O2 is essential in preserving naïve stemness potential as well as in modulating their differentiation. Starting from this premise, the goal of the present review is to report the status of the art about the link existing between hypoxia and stemness providing insight into the factors/molecules involved, to design targeted strategies that, recapitulating naïve O2 signals, enable towards the therapeutic use of stem cell for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-086-1426-6888; Fax: +39-08-6126-6860
| | - Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Beatrice Dufrusine
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Enrico Dainese
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (M.R.C.); (A.P.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.)
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15
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Schussler O, Chachques JC, Alifano M, Lecarpentier Y. Key Roles of RGD-Recognizing Integrins During Cardiac Development, on Cardiac Cells, and After Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:179-203. [PMID: 34342855 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac cells interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through integrin mechanoreceptors that control many cellular events such as cell survival, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Integrins play a crucial role in cardiac development as well as in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Integrins recognize oligopeptides present on ECM proteins and are involved in three main types of interaction, namely with collagen, laminin, and the oligopeptide RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) present on vitronectin and fibronectin proteins. To date, the specific role of integrins recognizing the RGD has not been addressed. In this review, we examine their role during cardiac development, their role on cardiac cells, and their upregulation during pathological processes such as heart fibrosis and hypertrophy. We also examine their role in regenerative and angiogenic processes after myocardial infarction (MI) in the peri-infarct area. Specific targeting of these integrins may be a way of controlling some of these pathological events and thereby improving medical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Schussler
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Juan C Chachques
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Pompidou Hospital, Laboratory of Biosurgical Research, Carpentier Foundation, University Paris Descartes, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138 Team "Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
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16
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Intramyocardial delivery of human cardiac stem cell spheroids with enhanced cell engraftment ability and cardiomyogenic potential for myocardial infarct repair. J Control Release 2021; 336:499-509. [PMID: 34224774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for stem cell-based cardiac regeneration and repair are key issues for the ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with chronic complications related to ischemic necrosis. Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have demonstrated high therapeutic efficacy for IHD treatment owing to their specific cardiac-lineage commitment. The therapeutic potential of CSCs could be further enhanced by designing a cellular spheroid formulation. The spheroid culture condition of CSCs was optimized to ensure regulated size and minimal core necrosis in the spheroids. The CSC spheroids revealed mRNA profiles of the factors related to cardiac regeneration, angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and cardiomyocyte differentiation with a higher expression level than the CSCs. Intramyocardially delivered CSC spheroids in the rat IHD model resulted in a significant increase in retention rate by 1.82-fold (day 3) and 1.98-fold (day 14) compared to CSCs. Endothelial cell differentiation and neovascularization of the engrafted CSC spheroids were noted in the infarcted myocardium. CSC spheroids significantly promoted cardiac regeneration: i.e., decreased infarction and fibrotic area (11.22% and 4.18%) and increased left ventricle thickness (0.62 mm) compared to the untreated group. Cardiac performance was also improved by 2.04-fold and 1.44-fold increase in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening, respectively. Intramyocardial administration of CSC spheroids might serve as an advanced therapeutic modality with enhanced cell engraftment and regenerative abilities for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
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17
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Cellular pathology of the human heart in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): lessons learned from in vitro modeling. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1099-1115. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Jelinkova S, Sleiman Y, Fojtík P, Aimond F, Finan A, Hugon G, Scheuermann V, Beckerová D, Cazorla O, Vincenti M, Amedro P, Richard S, Jaros J, Dvorak P, Lacampagne A, Carnac G, Rotrekl V, Meli AC. Dystrophin Deficiency Causes Progressive Depletion of Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells in the Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095025. [PMID: 34068508 PMCID: PMC8125982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating condition shortening the lifespan of young men. DMD patients suffer from age-related dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) that leads to heart failure. Several molecular mechanisms leading to cardiomyocyte death in DMD have been described. However, the pathological progression of DMD-associated DCM remains unclear. In skeletal muscle, a dramatic decrease in stem cells, so-called satellite cells, has been shown in DMD patients. Whether similar dysfunction occurs with cardiac muscle cardiovascular progenitor cells (CVPCs) in DMD remains to be explored. We hypothesized that the number of CVPCs decreases in the dystrophin-deficient heart with age and disease state, contributing to DCM progression. We used the dystrophin-deficient mouse model (mdx) to investigate age-dependent CVPC properties. Using quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, speckle tracking echocardiography, and immunofluorescence, we revealed that young mdx mice exhibit elevated CVPCs. We observed a rapid age-related CVPC depletion, coinciding with the progressive onset of cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, mdx CVPCs displayed increased DNA damage, suggesting impaired cardiac muscle homeostasis. Overall, our results identify the early recruitment of CVPCs in dystrophic hearts and their fast depletion with ageing. This latter depletion may participate in the fibrosis development and the acceleration onset of the cardiomyopathy.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/genetics
- Aging/pathology
- Animals
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/pathology
- Cardiovascular System/metabolism
- Cardiovascular System/pathology
- DNA Damage/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dystrophin/deficiency
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Stem Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarka Jelinkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.J.); (P.F.); (D.B.); (P.D.)
- ICRC, St Anne’s University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Yvonne Sleiman
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Petr Fojtík
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.J.); (P.F.); (D.B.); (P.D.)
- ICRC, St Anne’s University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Franck Aimond
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Amanda Finan
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Gerald Hugon
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Valerie Scheuermann
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Deborah Beckerová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.J.); (P.F.); (D.B.); (P.D.)
- ICRC, St Anne’s University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Olivier Cazorla
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Marie Vincenti
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology Department, M3C Regional Reference CHD Center, CHU Montpellier, 371 Avenue du Doyen Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Amedro
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology Department, M3C Regional Reference CHD Center, CHU Montpellier, 371 Avenue du Doyen Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Richard
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Josef Jaros
- ICRC, St Anne’s University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A1, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvorak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.J.); (P.F.); (D.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Gilles Carnac
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Vladimir Rotrekl
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.J.); (P.F.); (D.B.); (P.D.)
- ICRC, St Anne’s University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (A.C.M.); Tel.: +420-549-498-002 (V.R.); +33-4-67-41-52-44 (A.C.M.); Fax: +420-549-491-327 (V.R.); +33-4-67-41-52-42 (A.C.M.)
| | - Albano C. Meli
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Y.S.); (F.A.); (A.F.); (G.H.); (V.S.); (O.C.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (A.C.M.); Tel.: +420-549-498-002 (V.R.); +33-4-67-41-52-44 (A.C.M.); Fax: +420-549-491-327 (V.R.); +33-4-67-41-52-42 (A.C.M.)
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19
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Koohsarian P, Talebi A, Rahnama MA, Zomorrod MS, Kaviani S, Jalili A. Reviewing the role of cardiac exosomes in myocardial repair at a glance. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1352-1363. [PMID: 33289229 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exosome-based therapy is an emerging novel approach for myocardial infarction (MI) treatment. Exosomes are identified as extracellular vesicles that are produced within multivesicular bodies in the cells' cytosols and then are secreted from the cells. Exosomes are 30-100 nm in diameter that are released from viable cells and are different from other secreted vesicles such as apoptotic bodies and microvesicles in their origin and contents such as RNAs, proteins, and nucleic acid. The recent advances in exosome research have demonstrated the role of these bionanovesicles in the physiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of the heart. The results of in vitro and preclinical models have shown that exosomes from different cardiac cells can improve cardiac function following MI. For example, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) containing exosomes can affect the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Moreover, MSCs- and CPCs-derived exosomes can enhance the migration of endothelial cells. Exosome-based therapy approaches augment the cardiac function by multiple means, such as reducing fibrosis, stimulation of vascular angiogenesis, and proliferation of cardiomyocytes that result in replacing damaged heart tissue with newly generated functional myocytes. This review article aims to briefly discuss the recent advancements in the role of secreted exosomes in myocardial repair by focusing on cardiac cells-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Koohsarian
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Athar Talebi
- Department of Nervous System, Stem Cell Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahshid A Rahnama
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina S Zomorrod
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Kaviani
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Jalili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Hematopoetic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Duggan MR, Mohseni Ahooyi T, Parikh V, Khalili K. Neuromodulation of BAG co-chaperones by HIV-1 viral proteins and H 2O 2: implications for HIV-associated neurological disorders. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:60. [PMID: 33771978 PMCID: PMC7997901 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing numbers of aged individuals living with HIV, the mechanisms underlying HIV-associated neurological disorders (HANDs) remain elusive. As HIV-1 pathogenesis and aging are characterized by oxidative stress as well as altered protein quality control (PQC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) themselves might constitute a molecular mediator of neuronal PQC by modulating BCL-2 associated athanogene (BAG) family members. Present results reveal H2O2 replicated and exacerbated a reduction in neuronal BAG3 induced by the expression of HIV-1 viral proteins (i.e., Tat and Nef), while also causing an upregulation of BAG1. Such a reciprocal regulation of BAG3 and BAG1 levels was also indicated in two animal models of HIV, the doxycycline-inducible Tat (iTat) and the Tg26 mouse. Inhibiting oxidative stress via antioxidants in primary culture was capable of partially preserving neuronal BAG3 levels as well as electrophysiological functioning otherwise altered by HIV-1 viral proteins. Current findings indicate HIV-1 viral proteins and H2O2 may mediate neuronal PQC by exerting synergistic effects on complementary BAG family members, and suggest novel therapeutic targets for the aging HIV-1 population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts at Temple University, 1701 N 13th Street, 9th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Taha Mohseni Ahooyi
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts at Temple University, 1701 N 13th Street, 9th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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21
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Hasan AS, Luo L, Baba S, Li TS. Estrogen is required for maintaining the quality of cardiac stem cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245166. [PMID: 33481861 PMCID: PMC7822545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to the age-matched men, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is lower in premenopausal but higher in postmenopausal women, suggesting the cardio-protective role of estrogen in females. Although cardiac stem cells (CSCs) express estrogen receptors, yet the effects of estrogen on CSCs remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential role of estrogen in maintaining the quality of CSCs by in vivo and in vitro experiments. For the in vivo study, estrogen deficiency was induced by ovariectomy in 6-weeks-old C57BL/6 female mice, and then randomly given 17β-estradiol (E2) replacements at a low dose (0.01 mg/60 days) and high dose (0.18 mg/60 days), or vehicle treatment. All mice were killed 2 months after treatments, and heart tissues were collected for ex vivo expansion of CSCs. Compared to age-matched healthy controls, estrogen deficiency slightly decreased the yield of CSCs with significantly lower telomerase activity and more DNA damage. Interestingly, E2 replacements at low and high doses significantly increased the yield of CSCs and reversed the quality impairment of CSCs following estrogen deficiency. For the in vitro study, twice-passaged CSCs from the hearts of adult healthy female mice were cultured with the supplement of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM E2 in the medium for 3 days. We found that E2 supplement increased c-kit expression, increased proliferative activity, improved telomerase activity, and reduced DNA damage of CSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Our data suggested the potential role of estrogen in maintaining the quality of CSCs, providing new insight into the cardio-protective effects of estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Shaimaa Hasan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Satoko Baba
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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22
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House A, Atalla I, Lee EJ, Guvendiren M. Designing Biomaterial Platforms for Cardiac Tissue and Disease Modeling. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000022. [PMID: 33709087 PMCID: PMC7942203 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world. There is a growing demand for in vitro cardiac models that can recapitulate the complex physiology of the cardiac tissue. These cardiac models can provide a platform to better understand the underlying mechanisms of cardiac development and disease and aid in developing novel treatment alternatives and platforms towards personalized medicine. In this review, a summary of engineered cardiac platforms is presented. Basic design considerations for replicating the heart's microenvironment are discussed considering the anatomy of the heart. This is followed by a detailed summary of the currently available biomaterial platforms for modeling the heart tissue in vitro. These in vitro models include 2D surface modified structures, 3D molded structures, porous scaffolds, electrospun scaffolds, bioprinted structures, and heart-on-a-chip devices. The challenges faced by current models and the future directions of in vitro cardiac models are also discussed. Engineered in vitro tissue models utilizing patients' own cells could potentially revolutionize the way we develop treatment and diagnostic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew House
- Instructive Biomaterials and Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, 138 York Center, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Iren Atalla
- Instructive Biomaterials and Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, 138 York Center, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Instructive Biomaterials and Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, 138 York Center, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Murat Guvendiren
- Instructive Biomaterials and Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, 138 York Center, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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23
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Dergilev KV, Vasilets ID, Tsokolaeva ZI, Zubkova ES, Parfenova EV. [Perspectives of cell therapy for myocardial infarction and heart failure based on cardiosphere cells]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:111-120. [PMID: 32598708 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.04.000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, researchers are attracted to the use of cell therapy based on stem cell and progenitor cells, which has been a promising strategy for cardiac repair after injury. However, conducted research using intracoronary or intramyocardial transplantation of various types of stem/progenitor cells as a cell suspension showed modest efficiency. This is due to the low degree of integration and cell survival after transplantation. To overcome these limitations, the concept of the use of multicellular spheroids modeling the natural microenvironment of cells has been proposed, which allows maintaining their viability and therapeutic properties. It is of great interest to use so-called cardial spheroids (cardiospheres) spontaneously forming three-dimensional structures under low-adhesive conditions, consisting of a heterogeneous population of myocardial progenitor cells and extracellular matrix proteins. This review presents data on methods for creating cardiospheres, directed regulation of their properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of preclinical and clinical studies on their use for the treatment of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Z I Tsokolaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology.,Negovsky Scientific Research Institute of General Reanimatology of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
| | - E S Zubkova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology
| | - E V Parfenova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology.,Lomonosov Moscow State University
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24
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Nowak-Imialek M, Wunderlich S, Herrmann D, Breitschuh-Leibling S, Gohring G, Petersen B, Klein S, Baulain U, Lucas-Hahn A, Martin U, Niemann H. In Vitro and In Vivo Interspecies Chimera Assay Using Early Pig Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:118-133. [PMID: 32429746 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric pigs harboring organs derived from human stem cells are promising for patient-specific regenerative therapies. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can contribute to all cell types of the fetus, including germline after injection into embryos. However, ethical concerns prohibit testing human iPSCs in chimera assays. Here, we evaluated porcine embryos as hosts for an interspecies chimera assay using iPSCs from either cynomolgus monkeys (cyiPSCs) or mouse (miPSCs). To establish an in vitro culture system compatible for cyiPSCs and porcine embryos, we determined blastocyst development in eight different stem cell media. The highest developmental rates of blastocysts were achieved in Knockout Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 20% knockout serum replacement. We found that cyiPSCs injected into porcine embryos survived in vitro and were mostly located in the trophectoderm (TE). Instead, when miPSCs were injected into porcine embryos, the cells rapidly proliferated. The behavior of chimeras developed in vitro was recapitulated in vivo; cyiPSCs were observed in the TE, but not in the porcine epiblast. However, when miPSCs were injected into in vivo derived porcine embryos, mouse cells were found in both, the epiblast and TE. These results demonstrate that porcine embryos could be useful for evaluating the interspecies chimera-forming ability of iPSCs from different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nowak-Imialek
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie Wunderlich
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs-LEBAO, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Herrmann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | | | - Gudrun Gohring
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Björn Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Sabine Klein
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baulain
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Andrea Lucas-Hahn
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs-LEBAO, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Niemann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Kanda P, Benavente-Babace A, Parent S, Connor M, Soucy N, Steeves A, Lu A, Cober ND, Courtman D, Variola F, Alarcon EI, Liang W, Stewart DJ, Godin M, Davis DR. Deterministic paracrine repair of injured myocardium using microfluidic-based cocooning of heart explant-derived cells. Biomaterials 2020; 247:120010. [PMID: 32259654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
While encapsulation of cells within protective nanoporous gel cocoons increases cell retention and pro-survival integrin signaling, the influence of cocoon size and intra-capsular cell-cell interactions on therapeutic repair are unknown. Here, we employ a microfluidic platform to dissect the impact of cocoon size and intracapsular cell number on the regenerative potential of transplanted heart explant-derived cells. Deterministic increases in cocoon size boosted the proportion of multicellular aggregates within cocoons, reduced vascular clearance of transplanted cells and enhanced stimulation of endogenous repair. The latter being attributable to cell-cell stimulation of cytokine and extracellular vesicle production while also broadening of the miRNA cargo within extracellular vesicles. Thus, by tuning cocoon size and cell occupancy, the paracrine signature and retention of transplanted cells can be enhanced to promote paracrine stimulation of endogenous tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpinder Kanda
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | | | - Sandrine Parent
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Michie Connor
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Nicholas Soucy
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Alexander Steeves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Aizhu Lu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada
| | - Nicholas David Cober
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - David Courtman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Fabio Variola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Emilio I Alarcon
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Wenbin Liang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Michel Godin
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1Y4W7, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H8M5, Canada.
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26
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Barreto S, Hamel L, Schiatti T, Yang Y, George V. Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Stem Cells: Learning from Genetics and Biomaterials. Cells 2019; 8:E1536. [PMID: 31795206 PMCID: PMC6952950 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac Progenitor Cells (CPCs) show great potential as a cell resource for restoring cardiac function in patients affected by heart disease or heart failure. CPCs are proliferative and committed to cardiac fate, capable of generating cells of all the cardiac lineages. These cells offer a significant shift in paradigm over the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes owing to the latter's inability to recapitulate mature features of a native myocardium, limiting their translational applications. The iPSCs and direct reprogramming of somatic cells have been attempted to produce CPCs and, in this process, a variety of chemical and/or genetic factors have been evaluated for their ability to generate, expand, and maintain CPCs in vitro. However, the precise stoichiometry and spatiotemporal activity of these factors and the genetic interplay during embryonic CPC development remain challenging to reproduce in culture, in terms of efficiency, numbers, and translational potential. Recent advances in biomaterials to mimic the native cardiac microenvironment have shown promise to influence CPC regenerative functions, while being capable of integrating with host tissue. This review highlights recent developments and limitations in the generation and use of CPCs from stem cells, and the trends that influence the direction of research to promote better application of CPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barreto
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | | | - Teresa Schiatti
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ying Yang
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Vinoj George
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
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27
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Pagano F, Picchio V, Chimenti I, Sordano A, De Falco E, Peruzzi M, Miraldi F, Cavarretta E, Zoccai GB, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Marullo AGM. On the Road to Regeneration: "Tools" and "Routes" Towards Efficient Cardiac Cell Therapy for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Curr Cardiol Rep 2019; 21:133. [PMID: 31673821 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-019-1226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiac regenerative medicine is a field bridging together biotechnology and surgical science. In this review, we present the explored surgical roads to cell delivery and the known effects of each delivery method on cell therapy efficiency. We also list the more recent clinical trials, exploring the safety and efficacy of delivery routes used for cardiac cell therapy approaches. RECENT FINDINGS There is no consensus in defining which way is the most suitable for the delivery of the different therapeutic cell types to the damaged heart tissue. In addition, it emerged that the "delivery issue" has not been systematically addressed in each clinical trial and for each and every cell type capable of cardiac repair. Cardiac damage occurring after an ischemic insult triggers a cascade of cellular events, eventually leading to heart failure through fibrosis and maladaptive remodelling. None of the pharmacological or medical interventions approved so far can rescue or reverse this phenomenon, and cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death in the western world. Therefore, for nearly 20 years, regenerative medicine approaches have focused on cell therapy as a promising road to pursue, with numerous preclinical and clinical testing of cell-based therapies being studied and developed. Nonetheless, consistent clinical results are still missing to reach consensus on the most effective strategy for ischemic cardiomyopathy, based on patient selection, diagnosis and stage of the disease, therapeutic cell type, and delivery route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Sordano
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Miraldi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological, and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Antonino G M Marullo
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
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28
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Maraldi T, Prata C, Marrazzo P, Hrelia S, Angeloni C. Natural Compounds as a Strategy to Optimize " In Vitro" Expansion of Stem Cells. Rejuvenation Res 2019; 23:93-106. [PMID: 31368407 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient use of stem cells for transplantation is often limited by the relatively low number of stem cells collected. The ex vivo expansion of human stem cells for clinical use is a potentially valuable approach to increase stem cell number. Currently, most of the procedures used to expand stem cells are carried out using a 21% oxygen concentration, which is about 4- to 10-fold greater than the concentration characteristic of their natural niches. Hyperoxia might cause oxidative stress with a deleterious effect on the physiology of cultured stem cells. In this review, we investigate and critically examine the available information on the ability of natural compounds to counteract hyperoxia-induced damage in different types of stem cells ex vivo. In particular, we focused on proliferation and stemness maintenance in an attempt to draw up useful indications to define new culture media with a promoting activity on cell expansion in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
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29
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Kanda P, Parent S, Davis DR. Immortalized factories of therapeutic vesicles. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:676-677. [PMID: 31451799 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpinder Kanda
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine Parent
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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30
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Bansai S, Morikura T, Onoe H, Miyata S. Effect of Cyclic Stretch on Tissue Maturation in Myoblast-Laden Hydrogel Fibers. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10060399. [PMID: 31208059 PMCID: PMC6630375 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Engineering of the skeletal muscles has attracted attention for the restoration of damaged muscles from myopathy, injury, and extraction of malignant tumors. Reconstructing a three-dimensional muscle using living cells could be a promising approach. However, the regenerated tissue exhibits a weak construction force due to the insufficient tissue maturation. The purpose of this study is to establish the reconstruction system for the skeletal muscle. We used a cell-laden core-shell hydrogel microfiber as a three-dimensional culture to control the cellular orientation. Moreover, to mature the muscle tissue in the microfiber, we also developed a custom-made culture device for imposing cyclic stretch stimulation using a motorized stage and the fiber-grab system. As a result, the directions of the myotubes were oriented and the mature myotubes could be formed by cyclic stretch stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinako Bansai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Takashi Morikura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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31
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Santos Rizzo Zuttion MS, Dias Câmara DA, Dariolli R, Takimura C, Wenceslau C, Kerkis I. In vitro heterogeneity of porcine adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Tissue Cell 2019; 58:51-60. [PMID: 31133246 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-specific adult stem cells (ASC) are heterogeneous and characterized by a mix of progenitor cells that produce cells at various stages of differentiation, and ultimately different terminally differentiated cells. Understanding the heterogeneity of ASCs may lead to the development of improved protocols of cell isolation and optimized cell therapy clinical protocols. Using a combination of enzymatic and explant culture protocols, we obtained pADSC population, which is composed by two distinct morphologies: fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) and endothelial-like cells (ELCs). Both cell sub-types efficiently formed colonies, expressed CD90+/CD105+/CD44+, and differentially expressed such markers such as Nestin, Vimentin, Fibronectin, Cytokeratin, Connexin 43, CD31, CD34 and CD146 as well as the pluripotent stem cell markers Oct-4, Nanog and Sox2. Mixed populations of pADSCs did not lose their multipotentiality and the cells were able to undergo osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the mixed population spontaneously formed capillary tube structures. Our findings suggest that different subpopulations can be isolated from adipose tissue and that the ADSCs need to be better evaluated using a wide panel of different markers related to cell differentiation, which is important for stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine, particularly for advanced stem cells therapies - products that are currently under investigation or even use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Sanches Santos Rizzo Zuttion
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil; Federal University of São Paulo, R. Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil.
| | - Diana Aparecida Dias Câmara
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil; Federal University of São Paulo, R. Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil: Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Pinheiros, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Celso Takimura
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil: Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Pinheiros, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Wenceslau
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Irina Kerkis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil; Federal University of São Paulo, R. Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil.
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32
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Kornienko JS, Smirnova IS, Pugovkina NA, Ivanova JS, Shilina MA, Grinchuk TM, Shatrova AN, Aksenov ND, Zenin VV, Nikolsky NN, Lyublinskaya OG. High doses of synthetic antioxidants induce premature senescence in cultivated mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1296. [PMID: 30718685 PMCID: PMC6361906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced premature senescence program is known to be activated in cells by various genotoxic stressors, and oxidative stress is considered to be the main of those. To this end, many studies discover antioxidants as protective anti-aging agents. In the current study, we examined the effects of different antioxidants (Tempol, resveratrol, NAC, DPI) on the mesenchymal stem cells maintained in normal physiological conditions. We used high, but non-cytotoxic antioxidant doses which are widely used in laboratory practice to protect cells from oxidative damage. We show that these substances induce reversible block of cell proliferation and do not cause any genotoxic effects when applied to the quiescent cells. However, the same doses of the same substances, when applied to the proliferating cells, can induce irreversible cell cycle arrest, DNA strand breaks accumulation and DNA damage response activation. As a consequence, antioxidant-induced DNA damage results in the stress-induced premature senescence program activation. We conclude that high doses of antioxidants, when applied to the proliferating cells that maintain physiological levels of reactive oxygen species, can cause DNA damage and induce premature senescence which suggests to re-estimate believed unconditional anti-aging antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju S Kornienko
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - I S Smirnova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - N A Pugovkina
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Ju S Ivanova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - M A Shilina
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - T M Grinchuk
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - A N Shatrova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - N D Aksenov
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - V V Zenin
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - N N Nikolsky
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - O G Lyublinskaya
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St.Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
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33
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Scalise M, Marino F, Cianflone E, Mancuso T, Marotta P, Aquila I, Torella M, Nadal-Ginard B, Torella D. Heterogeneity of Adult Cardiac Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1169:141-178. [PMID: 31487023 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-24108-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac biology and heart regeneration have been intensively investigated and debated in the last 15 years. Nowadays, the well-established and old dogma that the adult heart lacks of any myocyte-regenerative capacity has been firmly overturned by the evidence of cardiomyocyte renewal throughout the mammalian life as part of normal organ cell homeostasis, which is increased in response to injury. Concurrently, reproducible evidences from independent laboratories have convincingly shown that the adult heart possesses a pool of multipotent cardiac stem/progenitor cells (CSCs or CPCs) capable of sustaining cardiomyocyte and vascular tissue refreshment after injury. CSC transplantation in animal models displays an effective regenerative potential and may be helpful to treat chronic heart failure (CHF), obviating at the poor/modest results using non-cardiac cells in clinical trials. Nevertheless, the degree/significance of cardiomyocyte turnover in the adult heart, which is insufficient to regenerate extensive damage from ischemic and non-ischemic origin, remains strongly disputed. Concurrently, different methodologies used to detect CSCs in situ have created the paradox of the adult heart harboring more than seven different cardiac progenitor populations. The latter was likely secondary to the intrinsic heterogeneity of any regenerative cell agent in an adult tissue but also to the confusion created by the heterogeneity of the cell population identified by a single cell marker used to detect the CSCs in situ. On the other hand, some recent studies using genetic fate mapping strategies claimed that CSCs are an irrelevant endogenous source of new cardiomyocytes in the adult. On the basis of these contradictory findings, here we critically reviewed the available data on adult CSC biology and their role in myocardial cell homeostasis and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Scalise
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabiola Marino
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianflone
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Teresa Mancuso
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pina Marotta
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Iolanda Aquila
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Torella
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Bernardo Nadal-Ginard
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy.
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34
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Efremov YR, Proskurina AS, Potter EA, Dolgova EV, Efremova OV, Taranov OS, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Kolchanov NA, Bogachev SS. Cancer Stem Cells: Emergent Nature of Tumor Emergency. Front Genet 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30505319 PMCID: PMC6250818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties. It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana V Efremova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Ostanin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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35
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Rikhtegar R, Pezeshkian M, Dolati S, Safaie N, Afrasiabi Rad A, Mahdipour M, Nouri M, Jodati AR, Yousefi M. Stem cells as therapy for heart disease: iPSCs, ESCs, CSCs, and skeletal myoblasts. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:304-313. [PMID: 30396088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart Diseases are serious and global public health concern. In spite of remarkable therapeutic developments, the prediction of patients with Heart Failure (HF) is weak, and present therapeutic attitudes do not report the fundamental problem of the cardiac tissue loss. Innovative therapies are required to reduce mortality and limit or abolish the necessity for cardiac transplantation. Stem cell-based therapies applied to the treatment of heart disease is according to the understanding that natural self-renewing procedures are inherent to the myocardium, nonetheless may not be adequate to recover the infarcted heart muscle. Following the first account of cell therapy in heart diseases, examination has kept up to rapidity; besides, several animals and human clinical trials have been conducted to preserve the capacity of numerous stem cell population in advance cardiac function and decrease infarct size. The purpose of this study was to censoriously evaluate the works performed regarding the usage of four major subgroups of stem cells, including induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC), Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), Cardiac Stem Cells (CDC), and Skeletal Myoblasts, in heart diseases, at the preclinical and clinical studies. Moreover, it is aimed to argue the existing disagreements, unsolved problems, and prospect directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rikhtegar
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Pezeshkian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical, Tabriz, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Safaie
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical, Tabriz, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Afrasiabi Rad
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical, Tabriz, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Jodati
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical, Tabriz, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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Di Costanzo E, Giacomello A, Messina E, Natalini R, Pontrelli G, Rossi F, Smits R, Twarogowska M. A discrete in continuous mathematical model of cardiac progenitor cells formation and growth as spheroid clusters (Cardiospheres). MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF THE IMA 2018; 35:121-144. [PMID: 28115549 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqw022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We propose a discrete in continuous mathematical model describing the in vitro growth process of biophsy-derived mammalian cardiac progenitor cells growing as clusters in the form of spheres (Cardiospheres). The approach is hybrid: discrete at cellular scale and continuous at molecular level. In the present model, cells are subject to the self-organizing collective dynamics mechanism and, additionally, they can proliferate and differentiate, also depending on stochastic processes. The two latter processes are triggered and regulated by chemical signals present in the environment. Numerical simulations show the structure and the development of the clustered progenitors and are in a good agreement with the results obtained from in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezio Di Costanzo
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giacomello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Natalini
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pontrelli
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Smits
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA
| | - Monika Twarogowska
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
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37
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Zhang C, Xie B, Zou Y, Zhu D, Lei L, Zhao D, Nie H. Zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional biomaterials for cell fate regulation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:33-56. [PMID: 29964080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of biological cells with artificial biomaterials is one of the most important issues in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The interaction is strongly governed by physical and chemical properties of the materials and displayed with differentiated cellular behaviors, including cell self-renewal, differentiation, reprogramming, dedifferentiation, or transdifferentiation as a result. A number of engineered biomaterials with micro- or nano-structures have been developed to mimic structural components of cell niche and specific function of extra cellular matrix (ECM) over past two decades. In this review article, we briefly introduce the fabrication of biomaterials and their classification into zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ones. More importantly, the influence of different biomaterials on inducing cell self-renewal, differentiation, reprogramming, dedifferentiation, and transdifferentiation was discussed based on the progress at 0D, 1D, 2D and 3D levels, following which the current research limitations and research perspectives were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bei Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yujian Zou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Orthodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Dapeng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Hemin Nie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Nanshan Hi-new Technology and Industry Park, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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38
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Zhang J, Wu Z, Fan Z, Qin Z, Wang Y, Chen J, Wu M, Chen Y, Wu C, Wang J. Pericardial application as a new route for implanting stem-cell cardiospheres to treat myocardial infarction. J Physiol 2018; 596:2037-2054. [PMID: 29736937 PMCID: PMC5983168 DOI: 10.1113/jp275548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Cardiospheres (CSps) are a promising new form of cardiac stem cells with advantage over other stem cells for myocardial regeneration, but direct implantation of CSps by conventional routes has been limited due to potential embolism. We have implanted CSps into the pericardial cavity and systematically demonstrated its efficacy regarding myocardial infarction. Stem cell potency and cell viability can be optimized in vitro prior to implantation by pre-conditioning CSps with pericardial fluid and hydrogel packing. Transplantation of optimized CSps into the pericardial cavity improved cardiac function and alleviated myocardial fibrosis, increased myocardial cell survival and promoted angiogenesis. Mechanistically, CSps are able to directly differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vivo and promote regeneration of myocardial cells and blood vessels through a paracrine effect with released growth factors as potential paracrine mediators. These findings establish a new strategy for therapeutic myocardial regeneration to treat myocardial infarction. ABSTRACT Cardiospheres (CSps) are a new form of cardiac stem cells with an advantage over other stem cells for myocardial regeneration. However, direct implantation of CSps by conventional routes to treat myocardial infarction has been limited due to potential embolism. We have implanted CSps into the pericardial cavity and systematically assessed its efficacy on myocardial infarction. Preconditioning with pericardial fluid enhanced the activity of CSps and matrix hydrogel prolonged their viability. This shows that pretransplant optimization of stem cell potency and maintenance of cell viability can be achieved with CSps. Transplantation of optimized CSps into the pericardial cavity improved cardiac function and alleviated myocardial fibrosis in the non-infarcted area, and increased myocardial cell survival and promoted angiogenesis in the infarcted area. Mechanistically, CSps were able to directly differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vivo and promoted regeneration of myocardial cells and blood vessels in the infarcted area through a paracrine effect with released growth factors in pericardial cavity serving as possible paracrine mediators. This is the first demonstration of direct pericardial administration of pre-optimized CSps, and its effectiveness on myocardial infarction by functional and morphological outcomes with distinct mechanisms. These findings establish a new strategy for therapeutic myocardial regeneration to treat myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120PR China
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Zepei Fan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Zixi Qin
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of EducationJinan UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Jiayuan Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120PR China
| | - Maoxiong Wu
- Department of CardiologyThe Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120PR China
| | - Yangxin Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120PR China
| | - Changhao Wu
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHU.K.
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120PR China
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39
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Xu J, Lian W, Li L, Huang Z. Generation of induced cardiac progenitor cells via somatic reprogramming. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29442-29457. [PMID: 28199972 PMCID: PMC5438743 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) represent a more effective cell-based therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, their therapeutic application is limited by low yield of cell harvesting, declining quality and quantity during the ageing process, and the need for highly invasive heart biopsy. Therefore, there is an emerging interest in generating CPC-like stem cells from somatic cells via somatic reprogramming. This novel approach would provide an unlimited source of stem cells with cardiac differentiation potential. Here we would firstly discuss the different types of CPC and their importance in stem cell therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction; secondly, the necessity of generating induced CPC from somatic cells via somatic reprogramming; and finally the current progress of somatic reprogramming in cardiac cells, especially induced CPC generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Xu
- Institute of Biological Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen City Shenzhen University Immunodiagnostic Technology Platform, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Lian
- Institute of Biological Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen City Shenzhen University Immunodiagnostic Technology Platform, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Institute of Biological Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen City Shenzhen University Immunodiagnostic Technology Platform, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Institute of Biological Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen City Shenzhen University Immunodiagnostic Technology Platform, Shenzhen, China
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40
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Coyle JP, Rinaldi RJ, Johnson GT, Bourgeois MM, McCluskey JD, Harbison RD. Reduced oxygen tension culturing conditionally alters toxicogenic response of differentiated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts to acrolein. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:488-498. [PMID: 29564938 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1455785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Acrolein is a reactive electrophilic aldehyde known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of signaling transduction in vitro. Most in vitro systems employ standard cell culture maintenance conditions of 95% air/5% CO2, translating to a culture oxygen tension of approximately 20%, far above most physiological tissues. The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether low-serum, retinoic acid differentiated H9c2 cells were less sensitive to acrolein insult when cultured under reduced oxygen tension. H9c2 cells were maintained separately in 20% and 5% oxygen, differentiated for 5 d, and then exposed to acrolein for 30 min in media containing varying concentrations of tricarboxylic acid and glycolytic substrates, followed by fresh medium replacement. Cells were then assessed for MTT reduction at 2 h and 24 h after acrolein insult. We showed that pyruvate supplementation in combination with lowered oxygen culturing significantly attenuated acrolein-induced viability loss at 24 h. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition and EGTA preferentially provided partial rescue to low oxygen cultures, but not for standard cultures. Collectively, these results offer evidence supporting altered toxicogenic response of H9c2 during physiologically relevant oxygen tension culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayme P Coyle
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Robert J Rinaldi
- b Department of Integrative Biology , College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Giffe T Johnson
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Marie M Bourgeois
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - James D McCluskey
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Raymond D Harbison
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Heath , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
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41
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Gionet-Gonzales MA, Leach JK. Engineering principles for guiding spheroid function in the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and skin. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:034109. [PMID: 29460842 PMCID: PMC5898817 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aab0b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical need for strategies that effectively enhance cell viability and post-implantation performance in order to advance cell-based therapies. Spheroids, which are dense cellular aggregates, overcome many current limitations with transplanting individual cells. Compared to individual cells, the aggregation of cells into spheroids results in increased cell viability, together with enhanced proangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-forming potential. Furthermore, the transplantation of cells using engineered materials enables localized delivery to the target site while providing an opportunity to guide cell fate in situ, resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes compared to systemic or localized injection. Despite promising early results achieved by freely injecting spheroids into damaged tissues, growing evidence demonstrates the advantages of entrapping spheroids within a biomaterial prior to implantation. This review will highlight the basic characteristics and qualities of spheroids, describe the underlying principles for how biomaterials influence spheroid behavior, with an emphasis on hydrogels, and provide examples of synergistic approaches using spheroids and biomaterials for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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42
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Aminzadeh MA, Rogers RG, Fournier M, Tobin RE, Guan X, Childers MK, Andres AM, Taylor DJ, Ibrahim A, Ding X, Torrente A, Goldhaber JM, Lewis M, Gottlieb RA, Victor RA, Marbán E. Exosome-Mediated Benefits of Cell Therapy in Mouse and Human Models of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:942-955. [PMID: 29478899 PMCID: PMC5918344 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic deficiency of dystrophin leads to disability and premature death in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), affecting the heart as well as skeletal muscle. Here, we report that clinical-stage cardiac progenitor cells, known as cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs), improve cardiac and skeletal myopathy in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Injection of CDCs into the hearts of mdx mice augments cardiac function, ambulatory capacity, and survival. Exosomes secreted by human CDCs reproduce the benefits of CDCs in mdx mice and in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived Duchenne cardiomyocytes. Surprisingly, CDCs and their exosomes also transiently restored partial expression of full-length dystrophin in mdx mice. The findings further motivate the testing of CDCs in Duchenne patients, while identifying exosomes as next-generation therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Aminzadeh
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Russell G Rogers
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mario Fournier
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rachel E Tobin
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xuan Guan
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Martin K Childers
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Allen M Andres
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - David J Taylor
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xiangming Ding
- UCLA Technology Center for Genomics & Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Angelo Torrente
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Joshua M Goldhaber
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Michael Lewis
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ronald A Victor
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite AHSP 3100, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Abstract
Stem cell transplantation, as used clinically, suffers from low retention and engraftment of the transplanted cells. Inspired by the ability of platelets to recruit stem cells to sites of injury on blood vessels, we hypothesized that platelets might enhance the vascular delivery of cardiac stem cells (CSCs) to sites of myocardial infarction injury. Here, we show that CSCs with platelet nanovesicles fused onto their surface membranes express platelet surface markers that are associated with platelet adhesion to injury sites. We also find that the modified CSCs selectively bind collagen-coated surfaces and endothelium-denuded rat aortas, and that in rat and porcine models of acute myocardial infarction the modified CSCs increase retention in the heart and reduce infarct size. Platelet-nanovesicle-fused CSCs thus possess the natural targeting and repairing ability of their parental cell types. This stem cell manipulation approach is fast, straightforward and safe, does not require genetic alteration of the cells, and should be generalizable to multiple cell types.
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44
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Hematti P. Role of Extracellular Matrix in Cardiac Cellular Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1098:173-188. [PMID: 30238371 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97421-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential regulator of homeostasis at the cellular, tissue, and organ level. It is now very well known that ECM dynamic remodeling is indispensable not only for normal growth and development but also recovery from tissue injuries. Indeed, abnormal remodeling of the ECM plays a major role in many pathophysiological processes and contributes to many different pathologies including cardiovascular disorders. Recently, cellular therapies have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for restoration of lost cardiomyocytes or their rejuvenation after cardiac damage and injuries. Harnessing the biological properties of ECM could be a viable strategy to enhance the therapeutic effects of cellular therapies by improving the engraftment, integration, survival, and functional adaptation of newly transplanted cells in many different platforms. Conversely, transplanted cells could restore the functionality and original composition of damaged ECM by secreting and depositing new ECM or stimulating normal ECM production by cardiac tissue native cells. Although the ultimate role of cell therapy in treatment of cardiac disorders is still a matter of great debate, the potential utility of ECM in improving the therapeutic effect of transplanted cells and vice versa the potential role of cell therapy as a means to restore the structure and functionality of damaged ECM should be carefully considered in implementation of future clinical cardiovascular cell therapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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45
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Mundre RS, Koka P, Dhanaraj P, Khatri N, Vig S, Chandramohan Y, Dhanasekaran A. Synergistic role of 5-azacytidine and ascorbic acid in directing cardiosphere derived cells to cardiomyocytes in vitro by downregulating Wnt signaling pathway via phosphorylation of β-catenin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188805. [PMID: 29190771 PMCID: PMC5708695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiosphere derived cells (CDCs) represent a valuable source in stem cell based therapy for cardiovascular diseases, yet poor differentiation rate hinders the transplantation efficiency. The aim of this study is to check the ability of 5-Azacytidine (Aza) alone and in combination with ascorbic acid (Aza+AA) in delineating CDCs to cardiomyogenesis and the underlying Wnt signaling mechanism in induced differentiation. Methods CDCs were treated with Aza and Aza+AA for a period of 14 days to examine the expression of cardiac specific markers and Wnt downstream regulators by immunofluorescence, real time PCR and western blot. Results Results revealed that Aza+AA induced efficient commitment of CDCs to cardiomyogenic lineage. Immunofluorescence analysis showed significant augment for Nkx 2.5, GATA 4 and α-Sarcomeric actinin markers in Aza+AA group than control group (p = 0.0118, p = 0.009 and p = 0.0091, respectively). Relative upregulation of cardiac markers, Nkx 2.5 (p = 0.0156), GATA 4 (p = 0.0087) and down regulation of Wnt markers, β-catenin (p = 0.0107) and Cyclin D1 (p = 0. 0116) in Aza+AA group was revealed by RNA expression analysis. Moreover, the Aza+AA induced prominent expression of GATA 4, α-Sarcomeric actinin and phospho β-catenin while non phospho β-catenin and Cyclin D1 expression was significantly suppressed as displayed in protein expression analysis. Generation of spontaneous beating in Aza+AA treated CDCs further reinforced that Aza+AA accelerates the cardiomyogenic potential of CDCs. Conclusion Combined treatment of Aza along with AA implicit in inducing cardiomyogenic potential of CDCs and is associated with down regulating Wnt signaling pathway. Altogether, CDCs represent a valuable tool for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavani Koka
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Dhanaraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin Khatri
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjana Vig
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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46
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Sommese L, Zullo A, Schiano C, Mancini FP, Napoli C. Possible Muscle Repair in the Human Cardiovascular System. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 13:170-191. [PMID: 28058671 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative potential of tissues and organs could promote survival, extended lifespan and healthy life in multicellular organisms. Niches of adult stemness are widely distributed and lead to the anatomical and functional regeneration of the damaged organ. Conversely, muscular regeneration in mammals, and humans in particular, is very limited and not a single piece of muscle can fully regrow after a severe injury. Therefore, muscle repair after myocardial infarction is still a chimera. Recently, it has been recognized that epigenetics could play a role in tissue regrowth since it guarantees the maintenance of cellular identity in differentiated cells and, therefore, the stability of organs and tissues. The removal of these locks can shift a specific cell identity back to the stem-like one. Given the gradual loss of tissue renewal potential in the course of evolution, in the last few years many different attempts to retrieve such potential by means of cell therapy approaches have been performed in experimental models. Here we review pathways and mechanisms involved in the in vivo repair of cardiovascular muscle tissues in humans. Moreover, we address the ongoing research on mammalian cardiac muscle repair based on adult stem cell transplantation and pro-regenerative factor delivery. This latter issue, involving genetic manipulations of adult cells, paves the way for developing possible therapeutic strategies in the field of cardiovascular muscle repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sommese
- Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine, U.O.C. Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.,CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, s.c.ar.l, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco P Mancini
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine, U.O.C. Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Foundation SDN, Naples, Italy
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47
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Tang J, Cui X, Caranasos TG, Hensley MT, Vandergriff AC, Hartanto Y, Shen D, Zhang H, Zhang J, Cheng K. Heart Repair Using Nanogel-Encapsulated Human Cardiac Stem Cells in Mice and Pigs with Myocardial Infarction. ACS NANO 2017; 11:9738-9749. [PMID: 28929735 PMCID: PMC5656981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is currently implemented clinically but is limited by low retention and engraftment of transplanted cells and the adverse effects of inflammation and immunoreaction when allogeneic or xenogeneic cells are used. Here, we demonstrate the safety and efficacy of encapsulating human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) in thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamine-co-acrylic acid) or P(NIPAM-AA) nanogel in mouse and pig models of myocardial infarction (MI). Unlike xenogeneic hCSCs injected in saline, injection of nanogel-encapsulated hCSCs does not elicit systemic inflammation or local T cell infiltrations in immunocompetent mice. In mice and pigs with acute MI, injection of encapsulated hCSCs preserves cardiac function and reduces scar sizes, whereas injection of hCSCs in saline has an adverse effect on heart healing. In conclusion, thermosensitive nanogels can be used as a stem cell carrier: the porous and convoluted inner structure allows nutrient, oxygen, and secretion diffusion but can prevent the stem cells from being attacked by immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Tang
- Department
of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Department
of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Thomas G. Caranasos
- Division
of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M. Taylor Hensley
- Department
of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Adam C. Vandergriff
- Department
of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Yusak Hartanto
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Deliang Shen
- Department
of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department
of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department
of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Pharmacoengineering
and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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48
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Liu S, Jiang Z, Qiao L, Guo B, Xiao W, Zhang X, Chang L, Li Y. Integrin β-3 is required for the attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:382-389. [PMID: 29024385 PMCID: PMC5742734 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of death worldwide. Stem cell therapy offers a promising option to regenerate injured myocardium. Among the various types of stem cells, cardiosphere cells represent a mixture of intrinsic heart stem cells and supporting cells. The safety and efficacy of cardiosphere cells have been demonstrated in recent clinical trials. Cell–matrix interaction plays an important role in mediating the engraftment of injected stem cells. Here, we studied the role of integrin β‐3 in cardiosphere‐mediated cell therapy in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Our results indicated that inhibiting integrin β‐3 reduced attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in mice with acute myocardial infarction. This suggests integrin β‐3 plays an important role in cardiosphere‐mediated heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Liu
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhian Jiang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Qiao
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bingyan Guo
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenliang Xiao
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Chang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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49
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Angelini F, Pagano F, Bordin A, Picchio V, De Falco E, Chimenti I. Getting Old through the Blood: Circulating Molecules in Aging and Senescence of Cardiovascular Regenerative Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:62. [PMID: 29057227 PMCID: PMC5635266 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Global aging is a hallmark of our century. The natural multifactorial process resulting in aging involves structural and functional changes, affecting molecules, cells, and tissues. As the western population is getting older, we are witnessing an increase in the burden of cardiovascular events, some of which are known to be directly linked to cellular senescence and dysfunction. In this review, we will focus on the description of a few circulating molecules, which have been correlated to life span, aging, and cardiovascular homeostasis. We will review the current literature concerning the circulating levels and related signaling pathways of selected proteins (insulin-like growth factor 1, growth and differentiation factor-11, and PAI-1) and microRNAs of interest (miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-21), whose bloodstream levels have been associated to aging in different organisms. In particular, we will also discuss their potential role in the biology and senescence of cardiovascular regenerative cell types, such as endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, and cardiac progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Angelini
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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50
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Cardiac Progenitor Cells and the Interplay with Their Microenvironment. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7471582. [PMID: 29075298 PMCID: PMC5623801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7471582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in the behavior of stem and progenitor cells. In the heart, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) reside in specific niches, characterized by key components that are altered in response to a myocardial infarction. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on these niches and on the CPC interplay with the niche components. Insight into these complex interactions and into the influence of microenvironmental factors on CPCs can be used to promote the regenerative potential of these cells. In this review, we discuss cardiac resident progenitor cells and their regenerative potential and provide an overview of the interactions of CPCs with the key elements of their niche. We focus on the interaction between CPCs and supporting cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stimuli, and soluble factors. Finally, we describe novel approaches to modulate the CPC niche that can represent the next step in recreating an optimal CPC microenvironment and thereby improve their regeneration capacity.
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