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Priyadarshani P, Van Grouw A, Liversage AR, Rui K, Nikitina A, Tehrani KF, Aggarwal B, Stice SL, Sinha S, Kemp ML, Fernández FM, Mortensen LJ. Investigation of MSC potency metrics via integration of imaging modalities with lipidomic characterization. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114579. [PMID: 39153198 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapies have had limited success so far in clinical trials due in part to heterogeneity in immune-responsive phenotypes. Therefore, techniques to characterize these properties of MSCs are needed during biomanufacturing. Imaging cell shape, or morphology, has been found to be associated with MSC immune responsivity-but a direct relationship between single-cell morphology and function has not been established. We used label-free differential phase contrast imaging and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to evaluate single-cell morphology and explore relationships with lipid metabolic immune response. In interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-stimulated MSCs, we found higher lipid abundances from the ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), phosphatidylcholine (PC), LysoPC, and triglyceride (TAG) families that are involved in cell immune function. Furthermore, we identified differences in lipid signatures in morphologically defined MSC subpopulations. The use of single-cell optical imaging coupled with single-cell spatial lipidomics could assist in optimizing the MSC production process and improve mechanistic understanding of manufacturing process effects on MSC immune activity and heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Priyadarshani
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Alexandria Van Grouw
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Adrian Ross Liversage
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kejie Rui
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Arina Nikitina
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Kayvan Forouhesh Tehrani
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Bhavay Aggarwal
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Steven L Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Melissa L Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Yasuda T, Ueura D, Nakagomi M, Hanashima S, Peter Slotte J, Murata M. Design, synthesis of ceramide 1-phosphate analogs and their affinity for cytosolic phospholipase A 2 as evidenced by surface plasmon resonance. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 107:129792. [PMID: 38734389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) is a lipid mediator that specifically binds and activates cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α). To elucidate the structure-activity relationship of the affinity of C1P for cPLA2α in lipid environments, we prepared a series of C1P analogs containing structural modifications in the hydrophilic parts and subjected them to surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The results suggested the presence of a specific binding site for cPLA2α on the amide, 3-OH and phosphate groups in C1P structure. Especially, dihydro-C1P exhibited enhanced affinity for cPLA2α, suggesting the hydrogen bonding ability of 3-hydroxy group is important for interactions with cPLA2α. This study helps to understand the influence of specific structural moieties of C1P on the interaction with cPLA2α at the atomistic level and may lead to the design of drugs that regulate cPLA2α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Yasuda
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory, C1232, Kanagawa Science Park R&D Building, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Daiki Ueura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Madoka Nakagomi
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory, C1232, Kanagawa Science Park R&D Building, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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3
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Baradaran M, Salabi F. Genome-wide identification, structural homology analysis, and evolutionary diversification of the phospholipase D gene family in the venom gland of three scorpion species. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:730. [PMID: 38049721 PMCID: PMC10694872 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venom phospholipase D (PLDs), dermonecrotic toxins like, are the major molecules in the crude venom of scorpions, which are mainly responsible for lethality and dermonecrotic lesions during scorpion envenoming. The purpose of this study was fivefold: First, to identify transcripts coding for venom PLDs by transcriptomic analysis of the venom glands from Androctonus crassicauda, Hottentotta saulcyi, and Hemiscorpius lepturus; second, to classify them by sequence similarity to known PLDs and motif extraction method; third, to characterize scorpion PLDs; fourth to structural homology analysis with known dermonecrotic toxins; and fifth to investigate phylogenetic relationships of the PLD proteins. RESULTS We found that the venom gland of scorpions encodes two PLD isoforms: PLD1 ScoTox-beta and PLD2 ScoTox-alpha I. Two highly conserved regions shared by all PLD1s beta are GAN and HPCDC (HX2PCDC), and the most important conserved regions shared by all PLD2s alpha are two copies of the HKDG (HxKx4Dx6G) motif. We found that PLD1 beta is a 31-43 kDa acidic protein containing signal sequences, and PLD2 alpha is a 128 kDa basic protein without known signal sequences. The gene structures of PLD1 beta and PLD2 alpha contain 6 and 21 exons, respectively. Significant structural homology and similarities were found between the modeled PLD1 ScoTox-beta and the crystal structure of dermonecrotic toxins from Loxosceles intermedia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on identifying PLDs from A. crassicauda and H. saulcyi venom glands. Our work provides valuable insights into the diversity of scorpion PLD genes and could be helpful in future studies on recombinant antivenoms production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Baradaran
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salabi
- Department of Venomous Animals and Anti-Venom Production, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran.
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4
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Qu Y, Wang Y, Wu T, Liu X, Wang H, Ma D. A comprehensive multiomics approach reveals that high levels of sphingolipids in cardiac cachexia adipose tissue are associated with inflammatory and fibrotic changes. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:211. [PMID: 38041133 PMCID: PMC10691093 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac cachexia is a deadly consequence of advanced heart failure that is characterised by the dysregulation of adipose tissue homeostasis. Once cachexia occurs with heart failure, it prevents the normal treatment of heart failure and increases the risk of death. Targeting adipose tissue is an important approach to treating cardiac cachexia, but the pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown, and there are no effective therapies available. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics were used to examine the underlying mechanisms of cardiac cachexia. Transcriptomics investigation of cardiac cachexia adipose tissue revealed that genes involved in fibrosis and monocyte/macrophage migration were increased and strongly interacted. The ECM-receptor interaction pathway was primarily enriched, as shown by KEGG enrichment analysis. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that monocyte chemotaxis/macrophage migration and fibrosis gene sets were upregulated in cardiac cachexia. Metabolomics enrichment analysis demonstrated that the sphingolipid signalling pathway is important for adipose tissue remodelling in cardiac cachexia. Lipidomics analysis showed that the adipose tissue of rats with cardiac cachexia had higher levels of sphingolipids, including Cer and S1P. Moreover, combined multiomics analysis suggested that the sphingolipid metabolic pathway was associated with inflammatory-fibrotic changes in adipose tissue. Finally, the key indicators were validated by experiments. In conclusion, this study described a mechanism by which the sphingolipid signalling pathway was involved in adipose tissue remodelling by inducing inflammation and fat fibrosis in cardiac cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huaizhe Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dufang Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Ortiz Wilczyñski JM, Mena HA, Ledesma MM, Olexen CM, Podaza E, Schattner M, Negrotto S, Errasti AE, Carrera Silva EA. The synthetic phospholipid C8-C1P determines pro-angiogenic and pro-reparative features in human macrophages restraining the proinflammatory M1-like phenotype. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162671. [PMID: 37398671 PMCID: PMC10311553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes (Mo) are highly plastic myeloid cells that differentiate into macrophages after extravasation, playing a pivotal role in the resolution of inflammation and regeneration of injured tissues. Wound-infiltrated monocytes/macrophages are more pro-inflammatory at early time points, while showing anti-inflammatory/pro-reparative phenotypes at later phases, with highly dynamic switching depending on the wound environment. Chronic wounds are often arrested in the inflammatory phase with hampered inflammatory/repair phenotype transition. Promoting the tissue repair program switching represents a promising strategy to revert chronic inflammatory wounds, one of the major public health loads. We found that the synthetic lipid C8-C1P primes human CD14+ monocytes, restraining the inflammatory activation markers (HLA-DR, CD44, and CD80) and IL-6 when challenged with LPS, and preventing apoptosis by inducing BCL-2. We also observed increased pseudo-tubule formation of human endothelial-colony-forming cells (ECFCs) when stimulated with the C1P-macrophages secretome. Moreover, C8-C1P-primed monocytes skew differentiation toward pro-resolutive-like macrophages, even in the presence of inflammatory PAMPs and DAMPs by increasing anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic gene expression patterns. All these results indicate that C8-C1P could restrain M1 skewing and promote the program of tissue repair and pro-angiogenic macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Ortiz Wilczyñski
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hebe Agustina Mena
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Manuel Ledesma
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Mariel Olexen
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique Podaza
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mirta Schattner
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Negrotto
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Emilse Errasti
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenio Antonio Carrera Silva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Scientific and Technological Research Council - National Academy of Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Epigenetic Regulation Mediated by Sphingolipids in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065294. [PMID: 36982369 PMCID: PMC10048860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are heritable modifications that do not directly affect the DNA sequence. In cancer cells, the maintenance of a stable epigenetic profile can be crucial to support survival and proliferation, and said profile can differ significantly from that of healthy cells. The epigenetic profile of a cancer cell can be modulated by several factors, including metabolites. Recently, sphingolipids have emerged as novel modulators of epigenetic changes. Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate have become well known in cancer due to activating anti-tumour and pro-tumour signalling pathways, respectively, and they have recently been shown to also induce several epigenetic modifications connected to cancer growth. Additionally, acellular factors in the tumour microenvironment, such as hypoxia and acidosis, are now recognised as crucial in promoting aggressiveness through several mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications. Here, we review the existing literature on sphingolipids, cancer, and epigenetic changes, with a focus on the interaction between these elements and components of the chemical tumour microenvironment.
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7
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Chen A, Xu M, Chen J, Chen T, Wang Q, Zhang R, Qiu J. Plasma-Based Metabolomics Profiling of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and their Emerging Roles in the Progression of Cervical Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6207701. [PMID: 36389117 PMCID: PMC9649303 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6207701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main etiological factor for cervical cancer. Accumulating evidence has suggested the active role of metabolites in the initiation and progression of cancers. This study explored the plasma metabolic profiles of HPV-16 positive (HPV16 (+)), HPV-18 positive (HPV18 (+)), and HPV negative (CTL) individuals using a nontargeted metabolomics approach. C8 ceramide-1-Phosphate (d18 : 1/8 : 0) was found to inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro, evidenced by CCK8 experiments, a cell migration test, RT-qPCR, and western blotting. The underlying mechanism demonstrated that C8 inhibited proliferation and migration in cervical cancer cells via the MAPK/JNK1 signaling pathway. These findings may contribute to the clinical treatment of HR-HPV-induced cervical cancer by intervening in its initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aozheng Chen
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Min Xu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Runjie Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
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8
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Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics for Identification of Canine Mammary Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810562. [PMID: 36142485 PMCID: PMC9502565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work proposes the use of a fast analytical platform for the mass spectrometric (MS) profiling of canine mammary tissues in their native form for the building of a predictive statistical model. The latter could be used as a novel diagnostic tool for the real-time identification of different cellular alterations in order to improve tissue resection during veterinary surgery, as previously validated in human oncology. Specifically, Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) coupled with surgical electrocautery (intelligent knife—iKnife) was used to collect MS data from histologically processed mammary samples, classified into healthy, hyperplastic/dysplastic, mastitis and tumors. Differences in the lipid composition enabled tissue discrimination with an accuracy greater than 90%. The recognition capability of REIMS was tested on unknown mammary samples, and all of them were correctly identified with a correctness score of 98–100%. Triglyceride identification was increased in healthy mammary tissues, while the abundance of phospholipids was observed in altered tissues, reflecting morpho-functional changes in cell membranes, and oxidized species were also tentatively identified as discriminant features. The obtained lipidomic profiles represented unique fingerprints of the samples, suggesting that the iKnife technique is capable of differentiating mammary tissues following chemical changes in cellular metabolism.
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9
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Nicholson RJ, Norris MK, Poss AM, Holland WL, Summers SA. The Lard Works in Mysterious Ways: Ceramides in Nutrition-Linked Chronic Disease. Annu Rev Nutr 2022; 42:115-144. [PMID: 35584813 PMCID: PMC9399075 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Diet influences onset, progression, and severity of several chronic diseases, including heart failure, diabetes, steatohepatitis, and a subset of cancers. The prevalence and clinical burden of these obesity-linked diseases has risen over the past two decades. These metabolic disorders are driven by ectopic lipid deposition in tissues not suited for fat storage, leading to lipotoxic disruption of cell function and survival. Sphingolipids such as ceramides are among the most deleterious and bioactive metabolites that accrue, as they participate in selective insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and apoptosis. This review discusses our current understanding of biochemical pathways controlling ceramide synthesis, production and action; influences of diet on ceramide levels; application of circulating ceramides as clinical biomarkers of metabolic disease; and molecular mechanisms linking ceramides to altered metabolism and survival of cells. Development of nutritional or pharmacological strategies to lower ceramides could have therapeutic value in a wide range of prevalent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J. Nicholson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marie K. Norris
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Annelise M. Poss
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William L. Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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10
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Petrusca DN, Lee KP, Galson DL. Role of Sphingolipids in Multiple Myeloma Progression, Drug Resistance, and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925807. [PMID: 35756630 PMCID: PMC9213658 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incapacitating hematological malignancy characterized by accumulation of cancerous plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) and production of an abnormal monoclonal protein (M-protein). The BM microenvironment has a key role in myeloma development by facilitating the growth of the aberrant plasma cells, which eventually interfere with the homeostasis of the bone cells, exacerbating osteolysis and inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. Recent recognition that metabolic reprograming has a major role in tumor growth and adaptation to specific changes in the microenvironmental niche have led to consideration of the role of sphingolipids and the enzymes that control their biosynthesis and degradation as critical mediators of cancer since these bioactive lipids have been directly linked to the control of cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis, among other cellular functions. In this review, we present the recent progress of the research investigating the biological implications of sphingolipid metabolism alterations in the regulation of myeloma development and its progression from the pre-malignant stage and discuss the roles of sphingolipids in in MM migration and adhesion, survival and proliferation, as well as angiogenesis and invasion. We introduce the current knowledge regarding the role of sphingolipids as mediators of the immune response and drug-resistance in MM and tackle the new developments suggesting the manipulation of the sphingolipid network as a novel therapeutic direction for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Petrusca
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kelvin P Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Deborah L Galson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, HCC Research Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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11
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Ouro A, Correa-Paz C, Maqueda E, Custodia A, Aramburu-Núñez M, Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Posado-Fernández A, Candamo-Lourido M, Alonso-Alonso ML, Hervella P, Iglesias-Rey R, Castillo J, Campos F, Sobrino T. Involvement of Ceramide Metabolism in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:864618. [PMID: 35531465 PMCID: PMC9067562 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.864618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain and subsequent neuronal death, represents one of the main causes of disability in worldwide. Although reperfusion therapies have shown efficacy in a limited number of patients with acute ischemic stroke, neuroprotective drugs and recovery strategies have been widely assessed, but none of them have been successful in clinical practice. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic approaches is still necessary. Sphingolipids consist of a family of lipidic molecules with both structural and cell signaling functions. Regulation of sphingolipid metabolism is crucial for cell fate and homeostasis in the body. Different works have emphasized the implication of its metabolism in different pathologies, such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, or atherosclerosis. Other studies have shown its implication in the risk of suffering a stroke and its progression. This review will highlight the implications of sphingolipid metabolism enzymes in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ouro
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Correa-Paz
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elena Maqueda
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antía Custodia
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Aramburu-Núñez
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adrián Posado-Fernández
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Candamo-Lourido
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Alonso-Alonso
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Hervella
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ramón Iglesias-Rey
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Castillo
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Campos
- Translational Stroke Laboratory Group (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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12
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Gaggini M, Ndreu R, Michelucci E, Rocchiccioli S, Vassalle C. Ceramides as Mediators of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiometabolic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052719. [PMID: 35269861 PMCID: PMC8911014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides, composed of a sphingosine and a fatty acid, are bioactive lipid molecules involved in many key cellular pathways (e.g., apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation). There is much evidence on the relationship between ceramide species and cardiometabolic disease, especially in relationship with the onset and development of diabetes and acute and chronic coronary artery disease. This review reports available evidence on ceramide structure and generation, and discusses their role in cardiometabolic disease, as well as current translational chances and difficulties for ceramide application in the cardiometabolic clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Gaggini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (R.N.); (E.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Rudina Ndreu
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (R.N.); (E.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Elena Michelucci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (R.N.); (E.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Silvia Rocchiccioli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (R.N.); (E.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-3153525
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13
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Ishay Y, Potruch A, Schwartz A, Berg M, Jamil K, Agus S, Ilan Y. A digital health platform for assisting the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 progression: An adjuvant approach for augmenting the antiviral response and mitigating the immune-mediated target organ damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112228. [PMID: 34649354 PMCID: PMC8455249 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a respiratory illness associated with high mortality, has been classified as a pandemic. The major obstacles for the clinicians to contain the disease are limited information availability, difficulty in disease diagnosis, predicting disease prognosis, and lack of disease monitoring tools. Additionally, the lack of valid therapies has further contributed to the difficulties in containing the pandemic. Recent studies have reported that the dysregulation of the immune system leads to an ineffective antiviral response and promotes pathological immune response, which manifests as ARDS, myocarditis, and hepatitis. In this study, a novel platform has been described for disseminating information to physicians for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with COVID-19. An adjuvant approach using compounds that can potentiate antiviral immune response and mitigate COVID-19-induced immune-mediated target organ damage has been presented. A prolonged beneficial effect is achieved by implementing algorithm-based individualized variability measures in the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ishay
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Assaf Potruch
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Asaf Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Marc Berg
- Altus Care powered by Oberon Sciences, Denmark, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, USA.
| | - Khurram Jamil
- Altus Care powered by Oberon Sciences, Denmark, Israel.
| | - Samuel Agus
- Altus Care powered by Oberon Sciences, Denmark, Israel.
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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14
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Ishay Y, Potruch A, Weksler-Zangen S, Shabat Y, Ilan Y. Augmented antiviral T cell immunity by oral administration of IMM-124E in preclinical models and a phase I/IIa clinical trial: A method for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:615-621. [PMID: 34596893 PMCID: PMC8652907 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological adjuvants that target the gut immune system are being developed for modulating the immune system. Hyperimmune bovine colostrum (HBC), produced by harvesting the bovine colostrum of dairy cows immunized to exogenous antigens, has been shown to modulate the immune responses and alleviate immune‐mediated organ damages. The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of HBC to promote antiviral interferonγ (IFNγ) T cell responses. In a preclinical study, mice were orally administered with HBC for 5 days and tested for the number of T cell clones secreting IFNγ in response to viral antigens of the swine flu, New Caledonia influenza, and cytomegalovirus. In a phase I/IIa clinical trial, five healthy volunteers were treated for 5 days with HBC followed by testing the anti‐coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) immunity. In the preclinical study, oral administration of HBC augmented the number of T cell clones secreting IFNγ in response to viral antigens. In the clinical trial, oral administration of HBC to healthy males significantly increased the number of anti‐COVID‐19 spike protein IFNγ positive T cell clones. Oral administration of HBC provides a novel method for augmenting antiviral responses. Its high‐safety profile makes it ideal for all disease stages and for pre‐emptive therapy among medical personnel and other workers who are at a high risk of exposure to infections. The relatively low cost of HBC is expected to minimize care provider burdens, costs, and enable its global application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ishay
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Assaf Potruch
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sarah Weksler-Zangen
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yehudit Shabat
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Rohrhofer J, Zwirzitz B, Selberherr E, Untersmayr E. The Impact of Dietary Sphingolipids on Intestinal Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Immune Homeostasis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635704. [PMID: 34054805 PMCID: PMC8160510 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The large surfaces of gastrointestinal (GI) organs are well adapted to their diverse tasks of selective nutritional uptake and defense against the external environment. To maintain a functional balance, a vast number of immune cells is located within the mucosa. A strictly regulated immune response is required to impede constant inflammation and to maintain barrier function. An increasing prevalence of GI diseases has been reported in Western societies over the past decades. This surge in GI disorders has been linked to dietary changes followed by an imbalance of the gut microbiome, leading to a chronic, low grade inflammation of the gut epithelium. To counteract the increasing health care costs associated with diseases, it is paramount to understand the mechanisms driving immuno-nutrition, the associations between nutritional compounds, the commensal gut microbiota, and the host immune response. Dietary compounds such as lipids, play a central role in GI barrier function. Bioactive sphingolipids (SLs), e.g. sphingomyelin (SM), sphingosine (Sph), ceramide (Cer), sphingosine-1- phosphate (S1P) and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) may derive from dietary SLs ingested through the diet. They are not only integral components of cell membranes, they additionally modulate cell trafficking and are precursors for mediators and second messenger molecules. By regulating intracellular calcium levels, cell motility, cell proliferation and apoptosis, SL metabolites have been described to influence GI immune homeostasis positively and detrimentally. Furthermore, dietary SLs are suggested to induce a shift in the gut microbiota. Modes of action range from competing with the commensal bacteria for intestinal cell attachment to prevention from pathogen invasion by regulating innate and immediate defense mechanisms. SL metabolites can also be produced by gut microorganisms, directly impacting host metabolic pathways. This review aims to summarize recent findings on SL signaling and functional variations of dietary SLs. We highlight novel insights in SL homeostasis and SL impact on GI barrier function, which is directly linked to changes of the intestinal microbiota. Knowledge gaps in current literature will be discussed to address questions relevant for understanding the pivotal role of dietary SLs on chronic, low grade inflammation and to define a balanced and healthy diet for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Rohrhofer
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Zwirzitz
- Unit of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyne Selberherr
- Unit of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Gastrointestinal Immunology Group, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Ceramide kinase regulates TNF-α-induced immune responses in human monocytic cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8259. [PMID: 33859296 PMCID: PMC8050074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide kinase (CERK) phosphorylates ceramide to produce ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), which is involved in the development of metabolic inflammation. TNF-α modulates inflammatory responses in monocytes associated with various inflammatory disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of CERK in TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in monocytes. Our results show that disruption of CERK activity in monocytes, either by chemical inhibitor NVP-231 or by small interfering RNA (siRNA), results in the defective expression of inflammatory markers including CD11c, CD11b and HLA-DR in response to TNF-α. Our data show that TNF-α upregulates ceramide phosphorylation. Inhibition of CERK in monocytes significantly reduced the secretion of IL-1β and MCP-1. Similar results were observed in CERK-downregulated cells. TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and NF-κB was reduced by inhibition of CERK. Additionally, NF-κB/AP-1 activity was suppressed by the inhibition of CERK. Clinically, obese individuals had higher levels of CERK expression in PBMCs compared to lean individuals, which correlated with their TNF-α levels. Taken together, these results suggest that CERK plays a key role in regulating inflammatory responses in human monocytes during TNF-α stimulation. CERK may be a relevant target for developing novel therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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17
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The Phenoxyphenol Compound diTFPP Mediates Exogenous C 2-Ceramide Metabolism, Inducing Cell Apoptosis Accompanied by ROS Formation and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030394. [PMID: 33807856 PMCID: PMC7998835 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe disease that accounts for 80% of liver cancers. Chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic strategy for patients who cannot be treated with surgery or who have late-stage HCC. C2-ceramide is an effective reagent that has been found to inhibit the growth of many cancer types. The metabolism of C2-ceramide plays a vital role in the regulation of cell death/cell survival. The phenoxyphenol compound 4-{2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy}phenol (diTFPP) was found to have a synergistic effect with C2-ceramide, resulting in considerable cell death in the HA22T HCC cell line. diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment induced a two- to threefold increase in cell death compared to that with C2-ceramide alone and induced pyknosis. Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) double staining and Western blotting indicated that apoptosis was involved in diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment-mediated cell death. We next analyzed transcriptome alterations in diTFPP/C2-ceramide-cotreated HA22T cells with next-generation sequencing (NGS). The data indicated that diTFPP treatment disrupted sphingolipid metabolism, inhibited cell cycle-associated gene expression, and induced autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive changes in gene expression. Additionally, we assessed the activation of autophagy with acridine orange (AO) staining and observed alterations in the expression of the autophagic proteins LC3B-II and Beclin-1, which indicated autophagy activation after diTFPP/C2-ceramide cotreatment. Elevated levels of ROS were also reported in diTFPP/C2-ceramide-treated cells, and the expression of the ROS-associated proteins SOD1, SOD2, and catalase was upregulated after diTFPP/C2-ceramide treatment. This study revealed the potential regulatory mechanism of the novel compound diTFPP in sphingolipid metabolism by showing that it disrupts ceramide metabolism and apoptotic sphingolipid accumulation.
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18
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Lavrynenko O, Titz B, Dijon S, Santos DD, Nury C, Schneider T, Guedj E, Szostak J, Kondylis A, Phillips B, Ekroos K, Martin F, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J, Ivanov NV. Ceramide ratios are affected by cigarette smoke but not heat-not-burn or e-vapor aerosols across four independent mouse studies. Life Sci 2020; 263:118753. [PMID: 33189821 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Smoking is an important risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to further elucidate the role of ceramides, as a key lipid class dysregulated in disease states. MAIN METHODS In this article we developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for ceramides (Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) for the absolute quantification. We deployed it together with proteomics and transcriptomic analysis to assess the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) from the reference cigarette as well as aerosols from heat-not-burn (HnB) tobacco and e-vapor products in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice over several time points. KEY FINDINGS In the lungs, CS exposure substantially elevated the ratios of Cer(d18:1/24:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1) to Cer(d18:1/18:0) in two independent ApoE-/- mouse inhalation studies. Data from previous studies, in both ApoE-/- and wild-type mice, further confirmed the reproducibility of this finding. Elevation of these ceramide ratios was also observed in plasma/serum, the liver, and-for the Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) to Cer(d18:1/18:0) ratio-the abdominal aorta. Also, the levels of acid ceramidase (Asah1) and glucocerebrosidase (Gba)-lysosomal enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of glucosylceramides-were consistently elevated in the lungs after CS exposure. In contrast, exposure to HnB tobacco product and e-vapor aerosols did not induce significant changes in the ceramide profiles or associated enzymes. SIGNIFICANCE Our work in mice contributes to the accumulating evidence on the importance of ceramide ratios as biologically relevant markers for respiratory disorders, adding to their already demonstrated role in cardiovascular disease risk assessment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Lavrynenko
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Bjoern Titz
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Dijon
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Dos Santos
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Nury
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schneider
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Justyna Szostak
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Kondylis
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine Phillips
- Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, 117406, Singapore
| | - Kim Ekroos
- Lipidomics Consulting Ltd., Irisviksvägen 31D, 02230 Esbo, Finland
| | - Florian Martin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Domènech EB, Andrés R, López-Iniesta MJ, Mirra S, García-Arroyo R, Milla S, Sava F, Andilla J, Loza-Álvarez P, de la Villa P, Gonzàlez-Duarte R, Marfany G. A New Cerkl Mouse Model Generated by CRISPR-Cas9 Shows Progressive Retinal Degeneration and Altered Morphological and Electrophysiological Phenotype. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:14. [PMID: 32658961 PMCID: PMC7425692 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.8.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Close to 100 genes cause retinitis pigmentosa, a Mendelian rare disease that affects 1 out of 4000 people worldwide. Mutations in the ceramide kinase-like gene (CERKL) are a prevalent cause of autosomal recessive cause retinitis pigmentosa and cone-rod dystrophy, but the functional role of this gene in the retina has yet to be fully determined. We aimed to generate a mouse model that resembles the phenotypic traits of patients carrying CERKL mutations to undertake functional studies and assay therapeutic approaches. Methods The Cerkl locus has been deleted (around 97 kb of genomic DNA) by gene editing using the CRISPR-Cas9 D10A nickase. Because the deletion of the Cerkl locus is lethal in mice in homozygosis, a double heterozygote mouse model with less than 10% residual Cerkl expression has been generated. The phenotypic alterations of the retina of this new model have been characterized at the morphological and electrophysiological levels. Results This CerklKD/KO model shows retinal degeneration, with a decreased number of cones and progressive photoreceptor loss, poorly stacked photoreceptor outer segment membranes, defective retinal pigment epithelium phagocytosis, and altered electrophysiological recordings in aged retinas. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first Cerkl mouse model to mimic many of the phenotypic traits, including the slow but progressive retinal degeneration, shown by human patients carrying CERKL mutations. This useful model will provide unprecedented insights into the retinal molecular pathways altered in these patients and will contribute to the design of effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena B. Domènech
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER/ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Andrés
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER/ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. José López-Iniesta
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Mirra
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER/ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Arroyo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Milla
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florentina Sava
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Andilla
- ICFO–The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Loza-Álvarez
- ICFO–The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro de la Villa
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Gonzàlez-Duarte
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER/ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- DBGen Ocular Genomics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER/ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- DBGen Ocular Genomics, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Abou Daher A, Francis M, Azzam P, Ahmad A, Eid AA, Fornoni A, Marples B, Zeidan YH. Modulation of radiation-induced damage of human glomerular endothelial cells by SMPDL3B. FASEB J 2020; 34:7915-7926. [PMID: 32293077 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902179r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular molecular pathways involved in radiation-induced nephropathy are still poorly understood. Glomerular endothelial cells are key components of the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier but little is known about the mechanisms implicated in their injury and repair. The current study establishes the response of immortalized human glomerular endothelial cells (GEnC) to ionizing radiation (IR). We investigated the role of sphingolipids and the lipid-modifying enzyme sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid-like 3b (SMPDL3b) in radiation-induced GEnC damage. After delivering a single dose of radiation, long and very-long-chain ceramide species, and the expression levels of SMPDL3b were elevated. In contrast, levels of ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) dropped in a time-dependent manner although mRNA and protein levels of ceramide kinase (CERK) remained stable. Treatment with C1P or knocking down SMPDL3b partially restored cell survival and conferred radioprotection. We also report a novel role for the NADPH oxidase enzymes (NOXs), namely NOX1, and NOX-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in radiation-induced GEnC damage. Subjecting cultured endothelial cells to radiation was associated with increased NOX activity and superoxide anion generation. Silencing NOX1 using NOX1-specific siRNA mitigated radiation-induced oxidative stress and cellular injury. In addition, we report a novel connection between NOX and SMPDL3b. Treatment with the NOX inhibitor, GKT, decreased radiation-induced cellular injury and restored SMPDL3b basal levels of expression. Our findings indicate the importance of SMPDL3b as a potential therapeutic target in radiation-induced kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abou Daher
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marina Francis
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Patrick Azzam
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anis Ahmad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Peggy, Harold Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Brian Marples
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Youssef H Zeidan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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21
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Tan-Chen S, Guitton J, Bourron O, Le Stunff H, Hajduch E. Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling in Skeletal Muscle: From Physiology to Physiopathology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:491. [PMID: 32849282 PMCID: PMC7426366 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids represent one of the major classes of eukaryotic lipids. They play an essential structural role, especially in cell membranes where they also possess signaling properties and are capable of modulating multiple cell functions, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. Many sphingolipid derivatives, such as ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and ganglioside, have been shown to play many crucial roles in muscle under physiological and pathological conditions. This review will summarize our knowledge of sphingolipids and their effects on muscle fate, highlighting the role of this class of lipids in modulating muscle cell differentiation, regeneration, aging, response to insulin, and contraction. We show that modulating sphingolipid metabolism may be a novel and interesting way for preventing and/or treating several muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Guitton
- Université Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Université Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Eric Hajduch
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22
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Mena HA, Zubiry PR, Dizier B, Mignon V, Parborell F, Schattner M, Boisson-Vidal C, Negrotto S. Ceramide 1-Phosphate Protects Endothelial Colony–Forming Cells From Apoptosis and Increases Vasculogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e219-e232. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid highly augmented in damaged tissues. Because of its abilities to stimulate migration of murine bone marrow–derived progenitor cells, it has been suggested that C1P might be involved in tissue regeneration. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether C1P regulates survival and angiogenic activity of human progenitor cells with great therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine such as endothelial colony–orming cells (ECFCs).
Approach and Results:
C1P protected ECFC from TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-α)-induced and monosodium urate crystal–induced death and acted as a potent chemoattractant factor through the activation of ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2) and AKT pathways. C1P treatment enhanced ECFC adhesion to collagen type I, an effect that was prevented by β1 integrin blockade, and to mature endothelial cells, which was mediated by the E-selectin/CD44 axis. ECFC proliferation and cord-like structure formation were also increased by C1P, as well as vascularization of gel plug implants loaded or not with ECFC. In a murine model of hindlimb ischemia, local administration of C1P alone promoted blood perfusion and reduced necrosis in the ischemic muscle. Additionally, the beneficial effects of ECFC infusion after ischemia were amplified by C1P pretreatment, resulting in a further and significant enhancement of leg reperfusion and muscle repair.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that C1P may have therapeutic relevance in ischemic disorders, improving tissue repair by itself, or priming ECFC angiogenic responses such as chemotaxis, adhesion, proliferation, and tubule formation, which result in a better outcome of ECFC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebe Agustina Mena
- From the Experimental Thrombosis Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Academy of Medicine–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (H.A.M., P.R.Z., M.S., S.N.)
| | - Paula Romina Zubiry
- From the Experimental Thrombosis Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Academy of Medicine–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (H.A.M., P.R.Z., M.S., S.N.)
| | - Blandine Dizier
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM (B.D., C.B.-V.), Université de Paris, France
| | - Virginie Mignon
- INSERM US025, CNRS UMRS 3612, PTICM (V.M.), Université de Paris, France
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Experimental Medicine and Biology Institute, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (F.P.)
| | - Mirta Schattner
- From the Experimental Thrombosis Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Academy of Medicine–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (H.A.M., P.R.Z., M.S., S.N.)
| | | | - Soledad Negrotto
- From the Experimental Thrombosis Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Academy of Medicine–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (H.A.M., P.R.Z., M.S., S.N.)
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23
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Al Sazzad MA, Yasuda T, Nyholm TKM, Slotte JP. Lateral Segregation of Palmitoyl Ceramide-1-Phosphate in Simple and Complex Bilayers. Biophys J 2019; 117:36-45. [PMID: 31133285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide-1-phosphate is a minor sphingolipid with important functions in cell signaling. In this study, we examined the propensity of palmitoyl ceramide-1-phosphate (Cer-1P) to segregate laterally into ordered domains in different bilayer compositions at 23 and 37°C and compared this with segregation of palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) and palmitoyl sphingomyelin (PSM). The ordered-domain formation in the fluid phosphatidylcholine bilayers was determined using the emission lifetime changes of trans-parinaric acid and from differential scanning calorimetry thermograms. The lateral segregation of Cer-1P was examined when hydrated to bilayers in Tris buffer (50 mM Tris, 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.4)). At this pH, Cer-1P was negatively charged. The lateral segregation propensity of Cer-1P in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers was intermediate between PCer and PSM. Based on differential scanning calorimetry analysis, we observed that the gel domains formed by Cer-1P in POPC bilayers (POPC:Cer-1P 70:30 by mol) were less stable (melting interval 16-37°C) than the corresponding POPC and PCer gel domains at equal composition (melting interval 20-55°C). The gel-phase melting enthalpy was also much lower in Cer-1P (1.5 kcal/mol) than in the PCer-containing POPC bilayers (9 kcal/mol). Cer-1P appeared to be at least partially miscible with PCer domains in POPC bilayers. Cer-1P domains were stabilized in the presence of PSM (POPC:PSM 85:15), similarly as seen with PCer-rich domains. In bilayers at 37°C, with an approximate outer-leaflet cell membrane composition (sphingomyelin and cholesterol enriched, aminophospholipid poor), Cer-1P segregation did not lead to the formation of ordered domains, at least when compared with PCer segregation. In bilayers with an approximate inner-leaflet composition (sphingomyelin poor, cholesterol and aminophospholipid enriched), Cer-1P also failed to form ordered domains. PCer segregated into ordered domains only after the PCer/cholesterol ratio exceeded an approximate equimolar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Sazzad
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tomokazu Yasuda
- Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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24
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Möuts A, Vattulainen E, Matsufuji T, Kinoshita M, Matsumori N, Slotte JP. On the Importance of the C(1)-OH and C(3)-OH Functional Groups of the Long-Chain Base of Ceramide for Interlipid Interaction and Lateral Segregation into Ceramide-Rich Domains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15864-15870. [PMID: 30507134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are important intermediates in sphingolipid biosynthesis (and degradation) and are normally present in only small amounts in unstressed cells. However, following the receptor-mediated activation of neutral sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelin can acutely give rise to substantial amounts of ceramides, which dramatically alter membrane properties. In this study, we have examined the role of the 1-OH and 3-OH functional groups of ceramide for its membrane properties. We have specifically examined how the oxidation of the primary alcohol to COOH or COOMe in palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) or the removal of either the primary alcohol or C(3)-OH (deoxy analogs) affected ceramides' interlipid interactions in fluid phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Measuring the time-resolved fluorescence emission of trans-parinaric acid, or its steady-state anisotropy, we have obtained information about the propensity of the ceramide analogs to form ceramide-rich domains and the thermostability of the formed domains. We observed that the oxidation of the primary alcohol to COOH shifted the ceramide's gel-phase onset concentration to slightly higher values in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl- sn-3- glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers. Methylation of the COOH function of the ceramide did not change the segregation tendency further. The complete removal of the primary alcohol dramatically reduced the ability of 1-deoxy-PCer to form ceramide-rich ordered domains. However, the removal 3-OH (in 3-deoxy-PCer) had only small effects on the lateral segregation of the ceramide analog. The thermostability of the ceramide-rich domains in the POPC bilayers decreased in the following order: 1-OH > COOH > COOMe = 3-deoxy > 1-deoxy. We conclude that ceramide needs a hydrogen-bonding-competent functional group in the C(1) position to be able to form laterally segregated ceramide-rich domains of high packing density in POPC bilayers. The presence or absence of 3-OH was not functionally critical for ceramide's lateral segregation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Möuts
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
| | - Elina Vattulainen
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
| | - Takaaki Matsufuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Masanao Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
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25
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Lee DK, Min YS, Yoo SS, Shim HS, Park SY, Sohn UD. Effect of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate on Intracellular Free Ca²⁺ in Cat Esophageal Smooth Muscle Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:546-552. [PMID: 29915165 PMCID: PMC6254643 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive collection of proteins senses local changes in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]i) and transduces these signals into responses to agonists. In the present study, we examined the effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on modulation of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. To measure [Ca²⁺]i levels in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells, we used a fluorescence microscopy with the Fura-2 loading method. S1P produced a concentration-dependent increase in [Ca²⁺]i in the cells. Pretreatment with EGTA, an extracellular Ca²⁺ chelator, decreased the S1P-induced increase in [Ca²⁺]i, and an L-type Ca²⁺-channel blocker, nimodipine, decreased the effect of S1P. This indicates that Ca²⁺ influx may be required for muscle contraction by S1P. When stimulated with thapsigargin, an intracellular calcium chelator, or 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), an InsP3 receptor blocker, the S1P-evoked increase in [Ca²⁺]i was significantly decreased. Treatment with pertussis toxin (PTX), an inhibitor of Gi-protein, suppressed the increase in [Ca²⁺]i evoked by S1P. These results suggest that the S1P-induced increase in [Ca²⁺]i in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells occurs upon the activation of phospholipase C and subsequent release of Ca²⁺ from the InsP3-sensitive Ca²⁺ pool in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results suggest that S1P utilized extracellular Ca²⁺ via the L type Ca²⁺ channel, which was dependent on activation of the S1P4 receptor coupled to PTX-sensitive Gi protein, via phospholipase C-mediated Ca²⁺ release from the InsP3-sensitive Ca²⁺ pool in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sil Min
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Convergence Science and Technology, Jung Won University, Goesan 28054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Shim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
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26
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Jain R, Austin Pickens C, Fenton JI. The role of the lipidome in obesity-mediated colon cancer risk. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 59:1-9. [PMID: 29605789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a state of chronic inflammation influenced by lipids such as fatty acids and their secondary oxygenated metabolites deemed oxylipids. Many such lipid mediators serve as potent signaling molecules of inflammation, which can further alter lipid metabolism and lead to carcinogenesis. For example, sphingosine-1-phosphate activates cyclooxygenase-2 in endothelial cells resulting in the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 promotes colon cancer cell growth. In contrast, the less studied path of AA oxygenation via cytochrome p450 enzymes produces epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EETs), whose anti-inflammatory properties cause shrinking of enlarged adipocytes, a characteristic of obesity, through the liberation of fatty acids. It is now thought that EET depletion occurs in obesity and may contribute to colon cell carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, gangliosides, a type of sphingolipid, are cell surface signaling molecules that contribute to the apoptosis of colon tumor cells. Many of these discoveries have been made recently and the mechanisms are still not fully understood, leading to an exciting new chapter of lipidomic research. In this review, mechanisms behind obesity-associated colon cancer are discussed with a focus on the role of small lipid signaling molecules in the process. Specifically, changes in lipid metabolite levels during obesity and the development of colon cancer, as well as novel biomarkers and targets for therapy, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Jain
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - C Austin Pickens
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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27
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Bandu R, Mok HJ, Kim KP. Phospholipids as cancer biomarkers: Mass spectrometry-based analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:107-138. [PMID: 27276657 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, particularly phospholipids (PLs), are key components of cellular membrane. PLs play important and diverse roles in cells such as chemical-energy storage, cellular signaling, cell membranes, and cell-cell interactions in tissues. All these cellular processes are pertinent to cells that undergo transformation, cancer progression, and metastasis. Thus, there is a strong possibility that some classes of PLs are expected to present in cancer cells and tissues in cellular physiology. The mass spectrometric soft-ionization techniques, electrospray ionization (ESI), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) are well-established in the proteomics field, have been used for lipidomic analysis in cancer research. This review focused on the applications of mass spectrometry (MS) mainly on ESI-MS and MALDI-MS in the structural characterization, molecular composition and key roles of various PLs present in cancer cells, tissues, blood, and urine, and on their importance for cancer-related problems as well as challenges for development of novel PL-based biomarkers. The profiling of PLs helps to rationalize their functions in biological systems, and will also provide diagnostic information to elucidate mechanisms behind the control of cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of cellular PLs with MS methods suggests new insights on various cancer diseases and clinical applications in the drug discovery and development of biomarkers for various PL-related different cancer diseases. PL profiling in tissues, cells and body fluids also reflect the general condition of the whole organism and can indicate the existence of cancer and other diseases. PL profiling with MS opens new prospects to assess alterations of PLs in cancer, screening specific biomarkers and provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:107-138, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bandu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Hyuck Jun Mok
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
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28
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Ouro A, Arana L, Riazy M, Zhang P, Gomez-Larrauri A, Steinbrecher U, Duronio V, Gomez-Muñoz A. Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates ceramide 1-phosphate-stimulated macrophage proliferation. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:277-283. [PMID: 29080796 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipid ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) regulates cell division in a variety of cell types including macrophages. However, the mechanisms involved in this action are not completely understood. In the present work we show that C1P stimulates the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RAW264.7 macrophages, and that this growth factor is essential for stimulation of cell proliferation by C1P. The stimulation of VEGF release was dependent upon activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB-1 also known as Akt-1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase (MEK)/extracellularly regulated kinase-2 (ERK-2) pathways, as inhibition of these kinases with selective pharmacological inhibitors or with specific gene silencing siRNA, abrogated VEGF release. A key observation was that sequestration of VEGF with a neutralizing antibody, or treatment with VEGF siRNA abolished C1P-stimulated macrophage growth. Also, inhibition of the pathways involved in C1P-stimulated VEGF release inhibited the stimulation of macrophage growth by C1P. Moreover, blockade of VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), which is the primary receptor for VEGF, with the pharmacological inhibitor DMH4, or with specific VEGFR-2 siRNA, substantially inhibited C1P-stimulated cell growth. It can be concluded that stimulation of VEGF release is a key factor in the promotion of macrophage proliferation by C1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ouro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lide Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maziar Riazy
- Department of Medicine. University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Medicine. University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ana Gomez-Larrauri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Urs Steinbrecher
- Department of Medicine. University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vincent Duronio
- Department of Medicine. University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Antonio Gomez-Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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29
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Hatoum D, Haddadi N, Lin Y, Nassif NT, McGowan EM. Mammalian sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes and isoform expression: challenges for SphK as an oncotarget. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36898-36929. [PMID: 28415564 PMCID: PMC5482707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The various sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes (isozymes) and isoforms, key players in normal cellular physiology, are strongly implicated in cancer and other diseases. Mutations in SphKs, that may justify abnormal physiological function, have not been recorded. Nonetheless, there is a large and growing body of evidence demonstrating the contribution of gain or loss of function and the imbalance in the SphK/S1P rheostat to a plethora of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. SphK is expressed as two isozymes SphK1 and SphK2, transcribed from genes located on different chromosomes and both isozymes catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P. Expression of each SphK isozyme produces alternately spliced isoforms. In recent years the importance of the contribution of SpK1 expression to treatment resistance in cancer has been highlighted and, additionally, differences in treatment outcome appear to also be dependent upon SphK isoform expression. This review focuses on an exciting emerging area of research involving SphKs functions, expression and subcellular localization, highlighting the complexity of targeting SphK in cancer and also comorbid diseases. This review also covers the SphK isoenzymes and isoforms from a historical perspective, from their first discovery in murine species and then in humans, their role(s) in normal cellular function and in disease processes, to advancement of SphK as an oncotarget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nahal Haddadi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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30
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Mesev EV, Miller DS, Cannon RE. Ceramide 1-Phosphate Increases P-Glycoprotein Transport Activity at the Blood-Brain Barrier via Prostaglandin E2 Signaling. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:373-382. [PMID: 28119480 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein, an ATP-driven efflux pump, regulates permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Sphingolipids, endogenous to brain tissue, influence inflammatory responses and cell survival in vitro. Our laboratory has previously shown that sphingolipid signaling by sphingosine 1-phosphate decreases basal P-glycoprotein transport activity. Here, we investigated the potential for another sphingolipid, ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P), to modulate efflux pumps at the BBB. Using confocal microscopy and measuring luminal accumulation of fluorescent substrates, we assessed the transport activity of several efflux pumps in isolated rat brain capillaries. C1P treatment induced P-glycoprotein transport activity in brain capillaries rapidly and reversibly. In contrast, C1P did not affect transport activity of two other major efflux transporters, multidrug resistance protein 2 and breast cancer resistance protein. C1P induced P-glycoprotein transport activity without changing transporter protein expression. Inhibition of the key signaling components in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 signaling cascade (phospholipase A2, COX-2, multidrug resistance protein 4, and G-protein-coupled prostaglandin E2 receptors 1 and 2), abolished P-glycoprotein induction by C1P. We show that COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 are required for C1P-mediated increases in P-glycoprotein activity independent of transporter protein expression. This work describes how C1P activates a signaling cascade to dynamically regulate P-glycoprotein transport at the BBB and offers potential clinical targets to modulate neuroprotection and drug delivery to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily V Mesev
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - David S Miller
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ronald E Cannon
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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31
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Shirey CM, Ward KE, Stahelin RV. Investigation of the biophysical properties of a fluorescently modified ceramide-1-phosphate. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 200:32-41. [PMID: 27318040 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) is an important signaling sphingolipid and a metabolite of ceramide. C1P contains an anionic phosphomonoester head group and has been shown to regulate physiological and pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, phagocytosis, and macrophage chemotaxis. Despite this mechanistic information on its role in intra- and intercellular communication, little information is available on the biophysical properties of C1P in biological membranes and how it interacts with effector proteins. Fluorescently labeled lipids have been a useful tool to understand the membrane behavior properties of lipids such as phosphatidylserine, cholesterol, and some phosphoinositides. However, to the best of our knowledge, fluorescently labeled C1P hasn't been implemented to investigate its ability to serve as a mimetic of endogenous C1P in cells or untagged C1P in in vitro experiments. Cellular and in vitro assays demonstrate TopFluor-C1P harbors a fluorescent group that is fully buried in the hydrocarbon core and fluoresces across the spectrum of physiological pH values. Moreover, TopFluor-C1P didn't affect cellular toxicity at concentrations employed, was as effective as unlabeled C1P in recruiting an established protein effector to intracellular membranes, and its subcellular localization recapitulated what is known for endogenous C1P. Notably, the diffusion coefficient of TopFluor-C1P was slower than that of TopFluor-phosphatidylserine or TopFluor-cholesterol in the plasma membrane and similar to that of other fluorescently labeled sphingolipids including ceramide and sphingomyelin. These studies demonstrate that TopFluor-C1P should be a reliable mimetic of C1P to study C1P membrane biophysical properties and C1P interactions with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Shirey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Katherine E Ward
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Robert V Stahelin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN 46617, United States.
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32
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Uchida Y, Kim YI, Park K. Signaling roles of ceramide and its metabolites in cutaneous antimicrobial defense. DERMATOL SIN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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33
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Phosphatidic acid inhibits ceramide 1-phosphate-stimulated macrophage migration. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:642-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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34
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Abstract
The CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) is activated by the homodimeric growth factors colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34). It plays important roles in development and in innate immunity by regulating the development of most tissue macrophages and osteoclasts, of Langerhans cells of the skin, of Paneth cells of the small intestine, and of brain microglia. It also regulates the differentiation of neural progenitor cells and controls functions of oocytes and trophoblastic cells in the female reproductive tract. Owing to this broad tissue expression pattern, it plays a central role in neoplastic, inflammatory, and neurological diseases. In this review we summarize the evolution, structure, and regulation of expression of the CSF-1R gene. We discuss the structures of CSF-1, IL-34, and the CSF-1R and the mechanism of ligand binding to and activation of the receptor. We further describe the pathways regulating macrophage survival, proliferation, differentiation, and chemotaxis downstream from the CSF-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Richard Stanley
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Violeta Chitu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
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Rego A, Trindade D, Chaves SR, Manon S, Costa V, Sousa MJ, Côrte-Real M. The yeast model system as a tool towards the understanding of apoptosis regulation by sphingolipids. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 14:160-78. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- António Rego
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Dário Trindade
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
- CNRS; UMR5095; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux France
| | - Susana R. Chaves
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- CNRS; UMR5095; Université de Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux France
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Departamento de Biologia; Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental; Universidade do Minho; Braga Portugal
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36
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Sphingolipid metabolic pathway: an overview of major roles played in human diseases. J Lipids 2013; 2013:178910. [PMID: 23984075 PMCID: PMC3747619 DOI: 10.1155/2013/178910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, a family of membrane lipids, are bioactive molecules that participate in diverse functions controlling fundamental cellular processes such as cell division, differentiation, and cell death. Given that most of these cellular processes form the basis for several pathologies, it is not surprising that sphingolipids are key players in several pathological processes. This review discusses the role of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway in diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma, with a special emphasis on the changes in gene expression pattern in these disease conditions. For convenience, the sphingolipid metabolic pathway is divided into hypothetical compartments (modules) with each compartment representing a physiological process and changes in gene expression pattern are mapped to each of these modules. It appears that alterations in the gene expression pattern in these disease conditions are biased to manipulate the system in order to result in a particular disease.
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37
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Robciuc A, Hyötyläinen T, Jauhiainen M, Holopainen JM. Ceramides in the pathophysiology of the anterior segment of the eye. Curr Eye Res 2013; 38:1006-16. [PMID: 23885886 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2013.810273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingolipid (SL) research reached a peak in the past years. Yet this positive trend was not evident for eye research as the relative number of studies centered on SLs is decreasing. Our aim is to encourage the inclusion of SL metabolites in studies of ocular pathophysiology by summarizing recent findings and current awareness concerning ceramides in the anterior segment of the eye. METHODS Review of literature relating to ceramides as bioactive lipids and the extent to which their particular nature was investigated in ocular pathophysiology. RESULTS Ceramides are rare but indispensable lipids that influence cellular responses through their effects on membrane biophysical properties or direct interaction with target proteins. Their biological significance is increased by variability and adaptability as there are tens of enzymes designed to modulate their function. The eye offers a set of unique environments where ceramides or other SLs have not been extensively studied. Not surprisingly, ceramides were associated with apoptosis in the metabolically active tissues, while little is known about its effects on the biophysical properties of the tears or lens lipids. More so, there are still aspects of the ocular homeostasis control where SLs contribution has not been investigated to date (e.g. pathogen aggression). CONCLUSIONS Ceramides and SL metabolism still receive increasing attention and have proven to be a significant metabolite in many research fields (e.g. cancer, stress response and inflammation) and there are yet many questions that they will aid answer. With the present work, we seek to increase awareness of these lipids also in eye research and to highlight their importance as common regulators of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Robciuc
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Eye Lab, Helsinki, Finland
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38
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Biological functions of sphingomyelins. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:424-37. [PMID: 23684760 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) is a dominant sphingolipid in membranes of mammalian cells and this lipid class is specifically enriched in the plasma membrane, the endocytic recycling compartment, and the trans Golgi network. The distribution of SM and cholesterol among cellular compartments correlate. Sphingolipids have extensive hydrogen-bonding capabilities which together with their saturated nature facilitate the formation of sphingolipid and SM-enriched lateral domains in membranes. Cholesterol prefers to interact with SMs and this interaction has many important functional consequences. In this review, the synthesis, regulation, and intracellular distribution of SMs are discussed. The many direct roles played by membrane SM in various cellular functions and processes will also be discussed. These include involvement in the regulation of endocytosis and receptor-mediated ligand uptake, in ion channel and G-protein coupled receptor function, in protein sorting, and functioning as receptor molecules for various bacterial toxins, and for non-bacterial pore-forming toxins. SM is also an important constituent of the eye lens membrane, and is believed to participate in the regulation of various nuclear functions. SM is an independent risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease, and new studies have shed light on possible mechanism behind its role in atherogenesis.
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39
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Hage-Sleiman R, Esmerian MO, Kobeissy H, Dbaibo G. p53 and Ceramide as Collaborators in the Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4982-5012. [PMID: 23455468 PMCID: PMC3634419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14034982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipid ceramide mediates various cellular processes in response to several extracellular stimuli. Some genotoxic stresses are able to induce p53-dependent ceramide accumulation leading to cell death. However, in other cases, in the absence of the tumor suppressor protein p53, apoptosis proceeds partly due to the activity of this "tumor suppressor lipid", ceramide. In the current review, we describe ceramide and its roles in signaling pathways such as cell cycle arrest, hypoxia, hyperoxia, cell death, and cancer. In a specific manner, we are elaborating on the role of ceramide in mitochondrial apoptotic cell death signaling. Furthermore, after highlighting the role and mechanism of action of p53 in apoptosis, we review the association of ceramide and p53 with respect to apoptosis. Strikingly, the hypothesis for a direct interaction between ceramide and p53 is less favored. Recent data suggest that ceramide can act either upstream or downstream of p53 protein through posttranscriptional regulation or through many potential mediators, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouba Hage-Sleiman
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mails: (M.O.E.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +961-1-350-000 (ext. 4883)
| | - Maria O. Esmerian
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mails: (M.O.E.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mail:
| | - Hadile Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mail:
| | - Ghassan Dbaibo
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mails: (M.O.E.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon; E-Mail:
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40
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Peter Slotte J. Molecular properties of various structurally defined sphingomyelins -- correlation of structure with function. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:206-19. [PMID: 23295259 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Sphingomyelins are important phospholipids in plasma membranes of most cells. Because of their dominantly saturated nature, they affect the lateral structure of membranes, and contribute to the regulation of cholesterol distribution within membranes, and in cells. However, the abundance of molecular species present in cells also implies that sphingomyelins have other, more specific functions. Many of these functions are currently unknown, but are under extensive study. Mostly model membrane studies have shown that sphingomyelins (and other sphingolipids), in contrast to glycerophospholipids, have important hydrogen bonding properties which in several important ways confer specific functional properties to this abundant class of membrane phospholipids. The often very asymmetric nature of sphingomyelins, arising from mismatch in length between the long chain base and N-acyl chains, also impose specific properties (e.g., interdigitation) to sphingomyelins not seen with glycerophospholipids. In this review, the latest sphingomyelin literature will be scrutinized, and an effort will be made to correlate the molecular structure of sphingomyelin with functional properties. In particular, the effects of head group properties, interfacial hydrogen bonding, long chain base hydroxylation, N-acyl chain hydroxylation, and N-acyl chain methyl-branching will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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41
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Luther JA, Enes J, Birren SJ. Neurotrophins regulate cholinergic synaptic transmission in cultured rat sympathetic neurons through a p75-dependent mechanism. J Neurophysiol 2012; 109:485-96. [PMID: 23114219 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00076.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system regulates many essential physiological systems, and its dysfunction is implicated in cardiovascular diseases. Mechanisms that control the strength of sympathetic output are therefore potential targets for the management of these disorders. Here we show that neurotrophins rapidly potentiate cholinergic transmission between cultured rat sympathetic neurons. We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), acting at the p75 receptor, increased the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs). We observed increased amplitude but not frequency of miniature synaptic currents after p75 activation, suggesting that p75 acts postsynaptically to modulate transmission at these synapses. This neurotrophic modulation enhances cholinergic EPSCs via sphingolipid signaling. Application of sphingolactone-24, an inhibitor of neutral sphingomyelinase, blocked the effect of BDNF, implicating a sphingolipid pathway. Furthermore, application of the p75-associated sphingolipid second messengers C(2)-ceramide and d-erythro-sphingosine restricted to the postsynaptic cell mimicked BDNF application. Postsynaptic blockade of ceramide production with fumonisin, a ceramide synthase inhibitor, blocked the effects of BDNF and d-erythro-sphingosine, implicating ceramide or ceramide phosphate as the active signal. Together these data suggest that neurotrophin signaling, which occurs in vivo via release from sympathetic neurons and target tissues such as the heart, acutely regulates the strength of the sympathetic postganglionic response to central cholinergic inputs. This pathway provides a potential mechanism for modulating the strength of sympathetic drive to target organs such as the heart and could play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Luther
- Department of Biology, National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
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42
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Ghazi A. Transcriptional networks that mediate signals from reproductive tissues to influence lifespan. Genesis 2012; 51:1-15. [DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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43
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Siddique MM, Bikman BT, Wang L, Ying L, Reinhardt E, Shui G, Wenk MR, Summers SA. Ablation of dihydroceramide desaturase confers resistance to etoposide-induced apoptosis in vitro. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44042. [PMID: 22984457 PMCID: PMC3439484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid biosynthesis is potently upregulated by factors associated with cellular stress, including numerous chemotherapeutics, inflammatory cytokines, and glucocorticoids. Dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (Des1), the third enzyme in the highly conserved pathway driving sphingolipid biosynthesis, introduces the 4,5-trans-double bond that typifies most higher-order sphingolipids. Surprisingly, recent studies have shown that certain chemotherapeutics and other drugs inhibit Des1, giving rise to a number of sphingolipids that lack the characteristic double bond. In order to assess the effect of an altered sphingolipid profile (via Des1 inhibition) on cell function, we generated isogenic mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking both Des1 alleles. Lipidomic profiling revealed that these cells contained higher levels of dihydroceramide than wild-type fibroblasts and that complex sphingolipids were comprised predominantly of the saturated backbone (e.g. sphinganine vs. sphingosine, dihydrosphingomyelin vs. sphingomyelin, etc.). Des1 ablation activated pro-survival and anabolic signaling intermediates (e.g. Akt/PKB, mTOR, MAPK, etc.) and provided protection from apoptosis caused by etoposide, a chemotherapeutic that induces sphingolipid synthesis by upregulating several sphingolipid biosynthesizing enzymes. These data reveal that the double bond present in most sphingolipids has a profound impact on cell survival pathways, and that the manipulation of Des1 could have important effects on apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monowarul M. Siddique
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (SAS); (MMS)
| | - Benjamin T. Bikman
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Liping Wang
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Li Ying
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erin Reinhardt
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guanghou Shui
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SAS); (MMS)
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44
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Morad SAF, Levin JC, Shanmugavelandy SS, Kester M, Fabrias G, Bedia C, Cabot MC. Ceramide--antiestrogen nanoliposomal combinations--novel impact of hormonal therapy in hormone-insensitive breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:2352-61. [PMID: 22962326 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the sphingolipid ceramide exhibits potent tumor suppressor effects, efforts to harness this have been hampered by poor solubility, uptake, bioavailability, and metabolic conversion. Therefore, identification of avenues to improve efficacy is necessary for development of ceramide-based therapies. In this study, we used mutant p53, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, a type of breast cancer highly refractory to treatment, and cell-permeable nanoliposomal C6-ceramide in conjunction with the antiestrogen tamoxifen, which has been shown to be an effective modulator of ceramide metabolism. We show for the first time that nanoliposomal tamoxifen enhances nanoliposomal C6-ceramide cytotoxicity in cultured TNBC cells, a response that was accompanied by induction of cell-cycle arrest at G(1) and G(2), caspase-dependent induction of DNA fragmentation, and enhanced mitochondrial and lysosomal membrane permeability at 18 and 2 hours, respectively. Tamoxifen metabolites were also effective. Only tamoxifen promoted lysosomal membrane permeability. In addition, we show for the first time that tamoxifen inhibits acid ceramidase, as measured in intact cell assays; this effect was irreversible. Together, our findings show that tamoxifen magnifies the antiproliferative effects of C6-ceramide via combined targeting of cell-cycle traverse and lysosomal and mitochondrial integrity. We adduce that C6-ceramide-induced apoptosis is amplified by tamoxifen's impact on lysosomes and perhaps accompanying inhibition of acid ceramidase, which could result in decreased levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate. This drug regimen could serve as a promising therapy for chemoresistant and triple-negative types of breast cancer, and thus represents an indication for tamoxifen, irrespective of estrogen receptor status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A F Morad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, John Wayne Cancer Institute, 2200 Santa Monica Blvd, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
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45
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Barth BM, Gustafson SJ, Hankins JL, Kaiser JM, Haakenson JK, Kester M, Kuhn TB. Ceramide kinase regulates TNFα-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity and eicosanoid biosynthesis in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1126-33. [PMID: 22230689 PMCID: PMC3338860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A persistent inflammatory reaction is a hallmark of chronic and acute pathologies in the central nervous system (CNS) and greatly exacerbates neuronal degeneration. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of inflammatory processes provoking oxidative stress, eicosanoid biosynthesis, and the production of bioactive lipids. We established in neuronal cells that TNFα exposure dramatically increased Mg(2+)-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activity thus generating the bioactive lipid mediator ceramide essential for subsequent NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation and oxidative stress. Since many of the pleiotropic effects of ceramide are attributable to its metabolites, we examined whether ceramide kinase (CerK), converting ceramide to ceramide-1-phosphate, is implicated both in NOX activation and enhanced eicosanoid production in neuronal cells. In the present study, we demonstrated that TNFα exposure of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma caused a profound increase in CerK activity. Depleting CerK activity using either siRNA or pharmacology completely negated NOX activation and eicosanoid biosynthesis yet, more importantly, rescued neuronal viability in the presence of TNFα. These findings provided evidence for a critical function of ceramide-1-phospate and thus CerK activity in directly linking sphingolipid metabolism to oxidative stress. This vital role of CerK in CNS inflammation could provide a novel therapeutic approach to intervene with the adverse consequences of a progressive CNS inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Barth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, 900 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Sally J. Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, 900 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775
| | - Jody L. Hankins
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - James M. Kaiser
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Jeremy K. Haakenson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Thomas B. Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, 900 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775
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46
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de la Monte SM. Triangulated mal-signaling in Alzheimer's disease: roles of neurotoxic ceramides, ER stress, and insulin resistance reviewed. J Alzheimers Dis 2012; 30 Suppl 2:S231-49. [PMID: 22337830 PMCID: PMC4550324 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2012-111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are lipid signaling molecules that cause cytotoxicity and cell death mediated by insulin resistance, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, insulin resistance dysregulates lipid metabolism, which promotes ceramide accumulation with attendant inflammation and ER stress. Herein, we discuss two major pathways, extrinsic and intrinsic, that converge and often overlap in propagating AD-type neurodegeneration via a triangulated mal-signaling network. First, we review evidence that systemic insulin resistance diseases linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis promote neurodegeneration. Mechanistically, we propose that toxic ceramides generated in extra-CNS tissues (e.g., liver) get released into peripheral blood, and subsequently transit across the blood-brain barrier into the brain where they induce brain insulin resistance, inflammation, and cell death (extrinsic pathway). Then we discuss the role of the intrinsic pathway of neurodegeneration which is mediated by endogenous or primary brain insulin/IGF resistance, and impairs neuronal and oligodendrocyte survival, energy metabolism, membrane integrity, cytoskeletal function, and AβPP-Aβ secretion. The end result is increased ER stress and ceramide generation, which exacerbate brain insulin resistance, cell death, myelin degeneration, and neuroinflammation. Altogether, the data suggest that the triangulated mal-signaling network mediated by toxic ceramides, ER stress, and insulin resistance should be targeted to disrupt positive feedback loops that drive the AD neurodegeneration cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M de la Monte
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. SuzanneDeLaMonte
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47
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Abstract
Ceramides are a class of sphingolipids that are abundant in cell membranes. They are important structural components of the membrane but can also act as second messengers in various signaling pathways. Until recently, ceramides and dihydroceramides were considered as a single functional class of lipids and no distinction was made between molecules with different chain lengths. However, based on the development of high-throughput, structure-specific and quantitative analytical methods to measure ceramides, it has now become clear that in cellular systems the amounts of ceramides differ with respect to their chain length. Further studies have indicated that some functions of ceramides are chain-length dependent. In this review, we discuss the chain length-specific differences of ceramides including their pathological impact on Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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48
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Merrill AH. Sphingolipid and glycosphingolipid metabolic pathways in the era of sphingolipidomics. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6387-422. [PMID: 21942574 PMCID: PMC3191729 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred H Merrill
- School of Biology, and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0230, USA.
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49
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Abstract
In recent years, the study of lipid signalling networks has significantly increased. Although best studied in mammalian cells, lipid signalling is now appreciated also in microbial cells, particularly in yeasts and moulds. For instance, microbial sphingolipids and their metabolizing enzymes play a key role in the regulation of fungal pathogenicity, especially in Cryptococcus neoformans, through the modulation of different microbial pathways and virulence factors. Another example is the quorum sensing molecule (QSM) farnesol. In fact, this QSM is involved not only in mycelial growth and biofilm formation of Candida albicans, but also in many stress related responses. In moulds, such as Aspergillus fumigatus, QSM and sphingolipids are important for maintaining cell wall integrity and virulence. Finally, fungal cells make oxylipins to increase their virulence attributes and to counteract the host immune defences. In this review, we discuss these aspects in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Microbiology and Immunology Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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50
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Levi M, Meijler MM, Gómez-Muñoz A, Zor T. Distinct receptor-mediated activities in macrophages for natural ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) and for phospho-ceramide analogue-1 (PCERA-1). Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 314:248-55. [PMID: 19467294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) is known as a second messenger regulating a multitude of processes including cell growth, apoptosis and inflammation. Exciting recent findings now suggest that C1P can stimulate macrophages migration in an extra-cellular manner via a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Interestingly, a synthetic C1P analog, named phospho-ceramide analogue-1 (PCERA-1), was recently described as a potent in-vivo anti-inflammatory agent, and was suggested to act on macrophages in an extra-cellular manner via a GPCR. Here we summarize and compare the receptor-mediated as well as receptor-independent activities of natural C1P and its synthetic analog. We also provide experimental data in support of distinct C1P and PCERA-1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Levi
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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