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Brownjohn PW, Zoufir A, O’Donovan DJ, Sudhahar S, Syme A, Huckvale R, Porter JR, Bange H, Brennan J, Thompson NT. Computational drug discovery approaches identify mebendazole as a candidate treatment for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1397864. [PMID: 38846086 PMCID: PMC11154008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1397864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by numerous renal cysts, the progressive expansion of which can impact kidney function and lead eventually to renal failure. Tolvaptan is the only disease-modifying drug approved for the treatment of ADPKD, however its poor side effect and safety profile necessitates the need for the development of new therapeutics in this area. Using a combination of transcriptomic and machine learning computational drug discovery tools, we predicted that a number of existing drugs could have utility in the treatment of ADPKD, and subsequently validated several of these drug predictions in established models of disease. We determined that the anthelmintic mebendazole was a potent anti-cystic agent in human cellular and in vivo models of ADPKD, and is likely acting through the inhibition of microtubule polymerisation and protein kinase activity. These findings demonstrate the utility of combining computational approaches to identify and understand potential new treatments for traditionally underserved rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hester Bange
- Crown Bioscience Netherlands B.V., Biopartner Center Leiden JH, Leiden, Netherlands
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2
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Luo J, Zhang Y, Jayaprakash S, Zhuang L, He J. Cross-Species Insights into Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Provide an Alternative View on Research Advancement. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5646. [PMID: 38891834 PMCID: PMC11171680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a prevalent hereditary disorder that affects the kidneys, characterized by the development of an excessive number of fluid-filled cysts of varying sizes in both kidneys. Along with the progression of ADPKD, these enlarged cysts displace normal kidney tissue, often accompanied by interstitial fibrosis and inflammation, and significantly impair renal function, leading to end-stage renal disease. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying ADPKD remain elusive, and a definitive cure has yet to be discovered. This review delineates the epidemiology, pathological features, and clinical diagnostics of ADPKD or ADPKD-like disease across human populations, as well as companion animals and other domesticated species. A light has been shed on pivotal genes and biological pathways essential for preventing and managing ADPKD, which underscores the importance of cross-species research in addressing this complex condition. Treatment options are currently limited to Tolvaptan, dialysis, or surgical excision of large cysts. However, comparative studies of ADPKD across different species hold promise for unveiling novel insights and therapeutic strategies to combat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Sakthidasan Jayaprakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Tamil Nadu 603103, India;
| | - Lenan Zhuang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jin He
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
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Langner E, Puapatanakul P, Pudlowski R, Alsabbagh DY, Miner JH, Horani A, Dutcher SK, Brody SL, Wang JT, Suleiman HY, Mahjoub MR. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) of mouse and human kidneys for analysis of subcellular structures. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38715433 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) involves the physical magnification of specimens embedded in hydrogels, which allows for super-resolution imaging of subcellular structures using a conventional diffraction-limited microscope. Methods for expansion microscopy exist for several organisms, organs, and cell types, and used to analyze cellular organelles and substructures in nanoscale resolution. Here, we describe a simple step-by-step U-ExM protocol for the expansion, immunostaining, imaging, and analysis of cytoskeletal and organellar structures in kidney tissue. We detail the critical modified steps to optimize isotropic kidney tissue expansion, and preservation of the renal cell structures of interest. We demonstrate the utility of the approach using several markers of renal cell types, centrioles, cilia, the extracellular matrix, and other cytoskeletal elements. Finally, we show that the approach works well on mouse and human kidney samples that were preserved using different fixation and embedding conditions. Overall, this protocol provides a simple and cost-effective approach to analyze both preclinical and clinical renal samples in high detail, using conventional lab supplies and standard widefield or confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Langner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Pongpratch Puapatanakul
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rachel Pudlowski
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Amjad Horani
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Susan K Dutcher
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Steven L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer T Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hani Y Suleiman
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Moe R Mahjoub
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Yoo M, Haydak JC, Azeloglu EU, Lee K, Gusella GL. cGAS Activation Accelerates the Progression of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:466-482. [PMID: 38247039 PMCID: PMC11000720 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The renal immune infiltrate observed in autosomal polycystic kidney disease contributes to the evolution of the disease. Elucidating the cellular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response could help devise new therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide evidence for a mechanistic link between the deficiency polycystin-1 and mitochondrial homeostasis and the activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway. Our data identify cGAS as an important mediator of renal cystogenesis and suggest that its inhibition may be useful to slow down the disease progression. BACKGROUND Immune cells significantly contribute to the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common genetic disorder of the kidney caused by the dysregulation of the Pkd1 or Pkd2 genes. However, the mechanisms triggering the immune cells recruitment and activation are undefined. METHODS Immortalized murine collecting duct cell lines were used to dissect the molecular mechanism of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) activation in the context of genotoxic stress induced by Pkd1 ablation. We used conditional Pkd1 and knockout cGas-/- genetic mouse models to confirm the role of cGAS/stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway activation on the course of renal cystogenesis. RESULTS We show that Pkd1 -deficient renal tubular cells express high levels of cGAS, the main cellular sensor of cytosolic nucleic acid and a potent stimulator of proinflammatory cytokines. Loss of Pkd1 directly affects cGAS expression and nuclear translocation, as well as activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, which is reversed by cGAS knockdown or functional pharmacological inhibition. These events are tightly linked to the loss of mitochondrial structure integrity and genotoxic stress caused by Pkd1 depletion because they can be reverted by the potent antioxidant mitoquinone or by the re-expression of the polycystin-1 carboxyl terminal tail. The genetic inactivation of cGAS in a rapidly progressing ADPKD mouse model significantly reduces cystogenesis and preserves normal organ function. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway contributes to ADPKD cystogenesis through the control of the immune response associated with the loss of Pkd1 and suggest that targeting this pathway may slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Yoo
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Zhou JX, Cheng AS, Chen L, Li LX, Agborbesong E, Torres VE, Harris PC, Li X. CD74 Promotes Cyst Growth and Renal Fibrosis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Cells 2024; 13:489. [PMID: 38534333 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), an inherited kidney disease, is associated with renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. CD74 has been known not only as a receptor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) it can also have MIF independent functions. In this study, we report unknown roles and function of CD74 in ADPKD. We show that knockout of CD74 delays cyst growth in Pkd1 mutant kidneys. Knockout and knockdown of CD74 (1) normalize PKD associated signaling pathways, including ERK, mTOR and Rb to decrease Pkd1 mutant renal epithelial cell proliferation, (2) decrease the activation of NF-κB and the expression of MCP-1 and TNF-alpha (TNF-α) which decreases the recruitment of macrophages in Pkd1 mutant kidneys, and (3) decrease renal fibrosis in Pkd1 mutant kidneys. We show for the first time that CD74 functions as a transcriptional factor to regulate the expression of fibrotic markers, including collagen I (Col I), fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), through binding on their promoters. Interestingly, CD74 also regulates the transcription of MIF to form a positive feedback loop in that MIF binds with its receptor CD74 to regulate the activity of intracellular signaling pathways and CD74 increases the expression of MIF in ADPKD kidneys during cyst progression. We further show that knockout of MIF and targeting MIF with its inhibitor ISO-1 not only delay cyst growth but also ameliorate renal fibrosis through blocking the activation of renal fibroblasts and CD74 mediated the activation of TGF-β-Smad3 signaling, supporting the idea that CD74 is a key and novel upstream regulator of cyst growth and interstitial fibrosis. Thus, targeting MIF-CD74 axis is a novel therapeutic strategy for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Xia Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Alice Shasha Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Linda Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ewud Agborbesong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peter C Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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van Heugten MH, Blijdorp CJ, Arjune S, van Willigenburg H, Bezstarosti K, Demmers JA, Musterd-Bhaggoe U, Meijer E, Gansevoort RT, Zietse R, Hayat S, Kramann R, Müller RU, Salih M, Hoorn EJ. Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 in Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Identifies Rapid Disease Progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:321-334. [PMID: 38073039 PMCID: PMC10914202 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT There is an unmet need for biomarkers of disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This study investigated urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) as a source of such biomarkers. Proteomic analysis of uEVs identified matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) as a biomarker predictive of rapid disease progression. In validation studies, MMP-7 was predictive in uEVs but not in whole urine, possibly because uEVs are primarily secreted by tubular epithelial cells. Indeed, single-nucleus RNA sequencing showed that MMP-7 was especially increased in proximal tubule and thick ascending limb cells, which were further characterized by a profibrotic phenotype. Together, these data suggest that MMP-7 is a biologically plausible and promising uEV biomarker for rapid disease progression in ADPKD. BACKGROUND In ADPKD, there is an unmet need for early markers of rapid disease progression to facilitate counseling and selection for kidney-protective therapy. Our aim was to identify markers for rapid disease progression in uEVs. METHODS Six paired case-control groups ( n =10-59/group) of cases with rapid disease progression and controls with stable disease were formed from two independent ADPKD cohorts, with matching by age, sex, total kidney volume, and genetic variant. Candidate uEV biomarkers were identified by mass spectrometry and further analyzed using immunoblotting and an ELISA. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of healthy and ADPKD tissue was used to identify the cellular origin of the uEV biomarker. RESULTS In the discovery proteomics experiments, the protein abundance of MMP-7 was significantly higher in uEVs of patients with rapid disease progression compared with stable disease. In the validation groups, a significant >2-fold increase in uEV-MMP-7 in patients with rapid disease progression was confirmed using immunoblotting. By contrast, no significant difference in MMP-7 was found in whole urine using ELISA. Compared with healthy kidney tissue, ADPKD tissue had significantly higher MMP-7 expression in proximal tubule and thick ascending limb cells with a profibrotic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with ADPKD, rapid disease progressors have higher uEV-associated MMP-7. Our findings also suggest that MMP-7 is a biologically plausible biomarker for more rapid disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn H. van Heugten
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles J. Blijdorp
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sita Arjune
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hester van Willigenburg
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karel Bezstarosti
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Usha Musterd-Bhaggoe
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Meijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron T. Gansevoort
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Zietse
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sikander Hayat
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mahdi Salih
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ewout J. Hoorn
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Langner E, Puapatanakul P, Pudlowski R, Alsabbagh DY, Miner JH, Horani A, Dutcher SK, Brody SL, Wang JT, Suleiman HY, Mahjoub MR. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) of mouse and human kidneys for analysis of subcellular structures. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.16.580708. [PMID: 38405695 PMCID: PMC10889020 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.16.580708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM) involves the physical magnification of specimens embedded in hydrogels, which allows for super-resolution imaging of subcellular structures using a conventional diffraction-limited microscope. Methods for expansion microscopy exist for several organisms, organs, and cell types, and used to analyze cellular organelles and substructures in nanoscale resolution. Here, we describe a simple step-by-step U-ExM protocol for the expansion, immunostaining, imaging, and analysis of cytoskeletal and organellar structures in kidney tissue. We detail the critical modified steps to optimize isotropic kidney tissue expansion, and preservation of the renal cell structures of interest. We demonstrate the utility of the approach using several markers of renal cell types, centrioles, cilia, the extracellular matrix, and other cytoskeletal elements. Finally, we show that the approach works well on mouse and human kidney samples that were preserved using different fixation and storage conditions. Overall, this protocol provides a simple and cost-effective approach to analyze both pre-clinical and clinical renal samples in high detail, using conventional lab supplies and standard widefield or confocal microscopy.
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8
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Fedeles BI, Bhardwaj R, Ishikawa Y, Khumsubdee S, Krappitz M, Gubina N, Volpe I, Andrade DC, Westergerling P, Staudner T, Campolo J, Liu SS, Dong K, Cai Y, Rehman M, Gallagher AR, Ruchirawat S, Croy RG, Essigmann JM, Fedeles SV, Somlo S. A synthetic agent ameliorates polycystic kidney disease by promoting apoptosis of cystic cells through increased oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317344121. [PMID: 38241440 PMCID: PMC10823221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317344121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenic cause of chronic kidney disease and the fourth leading cause of end-stage kidney disease, accounting for over 50% of prevalent cases requiring renal replacement therapy. There is a pressing need for improved therapy for ADPKD. Recent insights into the pathophysiology of ADPKD revealed that cyst cells undergo metabolic changes that up-regulate aerobic glycolysis in lieu of mitochondrial respiration for energy production, a process that ostensibly fuels their increased proliferation. The present work leverages this metabolic disruption as a way to selectively target cyst cells for apoptosis. This small-molecule therapeutic strategy utilizes 11beta-dichloro, a repurposed DNA-damaging anti-tumor agent that induces apoptosis by exacerbating mitochondrial oxidative stress. Here, we demonstrate that 11beta-dichloro is effective in delaying cyst growth and its associated inflammatory and fibrotic events, thus preserving kidney function in perinatal and adult mouse models of ADPKD. In both models, the cyst cells with homozygous inactivation of Pkd1 show enhanced oxidative stress following treatment with 11beta-dichloro and undergo apoptosis. Co-administration of the antioxidant vitamin E negated the therapeutic benefit of 11beta-dichloro in vivo, supporting the conclusion that oxidative stress is a key component of the mechanism of action. As a preclinical development primer, we also synthesized and tested an 11beta-dichloro derivative that cannot directly alkylate DNA, while retaining pro-oxidant features. This derivative nonetheless maintains excellent anti-cystic properties in vivo and emerges as the lead candidate for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan I. Fedeles
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Rishi Bhardwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Yasunobu Ishikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Sakunchai Khumsubdee
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok10210, Thailand
| | - Matteus Krappitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Nina Gubina
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino142290, Russia
| | - Isabel Volpe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Denise C. Andrade
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Parisa Westergerling
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Tobias Staudner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Jake Campolo
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Sally S. Liu
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Michael Rehman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Anna-Rachel Gallagher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok10210, Thailand
| | - Robert G. Croy
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - John M. Essigmann
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Sorin V. Fedeles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Stefan Somlo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT06510
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9
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Kanhai AA, Sánchez-López E, Kuipers TB, van Klinken JB, Dijkstra KL, van der Veen I, Baelde HJ, Song X, Pei Y, Mei H, Leonhard WN, Mayboroda OA, Peters DJ. Short salsalate administration affects cell proliferation, metabolism, and inflammation in polycystic kidney disease. iScience 2023; 26:108278. [PMID: 38026227 PMCID: PMC10665819 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a driver of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) progression and a potential therapeutic intervention route. We showed before that the AMP-associated protein kinase (AMPK) activator salsalate attenuates cystic disease progression. Here, we aim to study the early, direct effects of short salsalate treatment in adult-onset conditional Pkd1 deletion mice. Cystic mice were treated with salsalate for two weeks, after which NMR metabolomics and RNA sequencing analyses were performed. Pkd1 deletion resulted in clear metabolomic dysregulation. Short salsalate treatment has small, but significant, effects, reverting acetylcarnitine and phosphocholine concentrations back to wildtype levels, and showing associations with altered purine metabolism. RNA sequencing revealed that short salsalate treatment, next to restoring energy metabolism toward wildtype levels, also affects cell proliferation and inflammation, in PKD. We show that salsalate positively affects major dysregulated processes in ADPKD: energy metabolism, cell proliferation, and inflammation, providing more insights into its working mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish A. Kanhai
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas B. Kuipers
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan B. van Klinken
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyra L. Dijkstra
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Inge van der Veen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hans J. Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Xuewen Song
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - York Pei
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter N. Leonhard
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Oleg A. Mayboroda
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien J.M. Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Jung HJ, Dixon EE, Coleman R, Watnick T, Reiter JF, Outeda P, Cebotaru V, Woodward OM, Welling PA. Polycystin-2-dependent transcriptome reveals early response of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:565-577. [PMID: 37720991 PMCID: PMC11178268 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00040.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations in polycystin genes, Pkd1 and Pkd2, but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. To identify genes and pathways that operate downstream of polycystin-2 (PC2), a comprehensive gene expression database was created, cataloging changes in the transcriptome immediately following PC2 protein depletion. To explore cyst initiation processes, an immortalized mouse inner medullary collecting duct line was developed with the ability to knock out the Pkd2 gene conditionally. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling was performed using RNA sequencing in the cells immediately after PC2 was depleted and compared with isogenic control cells. Differentially expressed genes were identified, and a bioinformatic analysis pipeline was implemented. Altered expression of candidate cystogenic genes was validated in Pkd2 knockout mice. The expression of nearly 900 genes changed upon PC2 depletion. Differentially expressed genes were enriched for genes encoding components of the primary cilia, the canonical Wnt pathway, and MAPK signaling. Among the PC2-dependent ciliary genes, the transcription factor Glis3 was significantly downregulated. MAPK signaling formed a key node at the epicenter of PC2-dependent signaling networks. Activation of Wnt and MAPK signaling, concomitant with the downregulation of Glis3, was corroborated in Pkd2 knockout mice. The data identify a PC2 cilia-to-nucleus signaling axis and dysregulation of the Gli-similar subfamily of transcription factors as a potential initiator of cyst formation in ADPKD. The catalog of PC2-regulated genes should provide a valuable resource for future ADPKD research and new opportunities for drug development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease. Mutations in polycystin genes cause the disease, but the underlying mechanisms of cystogenesis are unknown. To help fill this knowledge gap, we created an inducible cell model of ADPKD and assembled a catalog of genes that respond in immediate proximity to polycystin-2 depletion using transcriptomic profiling. The catalog unveils a ciliary signaling-to-nucleus axis proximal to polycystin-2 dysfunction, highlighting Glis, Wnt, and MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Jung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Eryn E Dixon
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Richard Coleman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Terry Watnick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Patricia Outeda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Valeriu Cebotaru
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Owen M Woodward
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Paul A Welling
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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11
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Dennis MR, Pires PW, Banek CT. Vascular Dysfunction in Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Mini-Review. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:125-136. [PMID: 37536302 PMCID: PMC10947982 DOI: 10.1159/000531647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary kidney diseases, which is characterized by progressive cyst growth and secondary hypertension. In addition to cystogenesis and renal abnormalities, patients with PKD can develop vascular abnormalities and cardiovascular complications. Progressive cyst growth substantially alters renal structure and culminates into end-stage renal disease. There remains no cure beyond renal transplantation, and treatment options remain largely limited to chronic renal replacement therapy. In addition to end-stage renal disease, patients with PKD also present with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, yet the timing and interactions between the cardiovascular and renal effects of PKD progression are understudied. Here, we review the vascular dysfunction found in clinical and preclinical models of PKD, including the clinical manifestations and relationship to hypertension, stroke, and related cardiovascular diseases. Finally, our discussion also highlights the critical questions and emerging areas in vascular research in PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Dennis
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Paulo W Pires
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher T Banek
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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12
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Wang Y, Wu M, Chen D, Tan B, Lin P, Huang D, Ye C. SDMA attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis through inhibition of STAT4. J Transl Med 2023; 21:326. [PMID: 37194066 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the hallmark of various chronic kidney diseases. Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in patients with chronic kidney diseases, which is mostly excreted through renal tubules. However, the effect of SDMA on kidneys in a pathological condition is currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of SDMA in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and explored its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) models were established to study renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. SDMA was injected into kidneys through ureter retrogradely. TGF-β stimulated human renal epithelial (HK2) cells were used as an in vitro model and treated with SDMA. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-4 (STAT4) was inhibited by berbamine dihydrochloride or siRNA or overexpressed by plasmids in vitro. Masson staining and Western blotting were performed to evaluate renal fibrosis. Quantitative PCR was performed to validate findings derived from RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS We observed that SDMA (from 0.01 to 10 µM) dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-fibrotic markers in TGF-β stimulated HK2 cells. Intrarenal administration of SDMA (2.5 µmol/kg or 25 µmol/kg) dose-dependently attenuated renal fibrosis in UUO kidneys. A significant increase in SDMA concentration (from 19.5 to 117.7 nmol/g, p < 0.001) in mouse kidneys was observed after renal injection which was assessed by LC-MS/MS. We further showed that intrarenal administration of SDMA attenuated renal fibrosis in UIRI induced mouse fibrotic kidneys. Through RNA sequencing analysis, we found that the expression of STAT4 was reduced by SDMA in UUO kidneys, which was further confirmed by quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis in mouse fibrotic kidneys and renal cells. Inhibition of STAT4 by berbamine dihydrochloride (0.3 mg/ml or 3.3 mg/ml) or siRNA reduced the expression of pro-fibrotic markers in TGF-β stimulated HK2 cells. Furthermore, blockage of STAT4 attenuated the anti-fibrotic effect of SDMA in TGF-β stimulated HK2 cells. Conversely, overexpression of STAT4 reversed the anti-fibrotic effect of SDMA in TGF-β stimulated HK2 cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study indicates that renal SDMA ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis through inhibition of STAT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dongping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinglan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Institute of Kidney Disease of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Dagorn PG, Buchholz B, Kraus A, Batchuluun B, Bange H, Blockken L, Steinberg GR, Moller DE, Hallakou-Bozec S. A novel direct adenosine monophosphate kinase activator ameliorates disease progression in preclinical models of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int 2023; 103:917-929. [PMID: 36804411 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) mainly results from mutations in the PKD1 gene, which encodes polycystin 1. It is the most common inherited kidney disease and is characterized by a progressive bilateral increase in cyst number and size, often leading to kidney failure. The cellular energy sensor and regulator adenosine monophosphate stimulated protein kinase (AMPK) has been implicated as a promising new therapeutic target. To address this hypothesis, we determined the effects of a potent and selective clinical stage direct allosteric AMPK activator, PXL770, in canine and patient-derived 3D cyst models and an orthologous mouse model of ADPKD. PXL770 induced AMPK activation and dose-dependently reduced cyst growth in principal-like Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells stimulated with forskolin and kidney epithelial cells derived from patients with ADPKD stimulated with desmopressin. In an inducible, kidney epithelium-specific Pkd1 knockout mouse model, PXL770 produced kidney AMPK pathway engagement, prevented the onset of kidney failure (reducing blood urea by 47%), decreased cystic index by 26% and lowered the kidney weight to body weight ratio by 35% compared to untreated control Pkd1 knockout mice. These effects were accompanied by a reduction of markers of cell proliferation (-48%), macrophage infiltration (-53%) and tissue fibrosis (-37%). Thus, our results show the potential of direct allosteric AMPK activation in the treatment of ADPKD and support the further development of PXL770 for this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjoern Buchholz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andre Kraus
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Battsetseg Batchuluun
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine and Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hester Bange
- Crown Bioscience Netherlands B.V., The Netherlands
| | | | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine and Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Kuo TC, Cabrera-Barragan DN, Lopez-Marfil M, Lopez-Cantu DO, Lemos DR. Can Kidney Organoid Xenografts Accelerate Therapeutic Development for Genetic Kidney Disorders? J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:184-190. [PMID: 36344066 PMCID: PMC10103095 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022080862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of genetic kidney diseases can now be replicated experimentally, using kidney organoids generated from human pluripotent stem cells. This methodology holds great potential for drug discovery. Under in vitro conditions, however, kidney organoids remain developmentally immature, develop scarce vasculature, and may contain undesired off-target cell types. Those critical deficiencies limit their potential as disease-modeling tools. Orthotopic transplantation under the kidney capsule improves the anatomic maturity and vascularization of kidney organoids, while reducing off-target cell content. The improvements can translate into more accurate representations of disease phenotypes and mechanisms in vivo . Recent studies using kidney organoid xenografts highlighted the unique potential of this novel methodology for elucidating molecular mechanisms driving monogenic kidney disorders and for the development ofnovel pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Kuo
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dalia N. Cabrera-Barragan
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marta Lopez-Marfil
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana O. Lopez-Cantu
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dario R. Lemos
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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15
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Song X, Leonhard WN, Kanhai AA, Steinberg GR, Pei Y, Peters DJM. Preclinical evaluation of tolvaptan and salsalate combination therapy in a Pkd1-mouse model. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1058825. [PMID: 36743216 PMCID: PMC9893022 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1058825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disorder and an important cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Tolvaptan (a V2R antagonist) is the first disease modifier drug for treatment of ADPKD, but also causes severe polyuria. AMPK activators have been shown to attenuate cystic kidney disease. Methods: In this study, we tested the efficacy of the combined administration of salsalate (a direct AMPK activator) and tolvaptan using clinically relevant doses in an adult-onset conditional Pkd1 knock-out (KO) mouse model. Results: Compared to untreated Pkd1 mutant mice, the therapeutic effects of salsalate were similar to that of tolvaptan. The combined treatment tended to be more effective than individual drugs used alone, and was associated with improved kidney survival (p < 0.0001) and reduced kidney weight to body weight ratio (p < 0.0001), cystic index (p < 0.001) and blood urea levels (p < 0.001) compared to untreated animals, although the difference between combination and single treatments was not statistically significant. Gene expression profiling and protein expression and phosphorylation analyses support the mild beneficial effects of co-treatment, and showed that tolvaptan and salsalate cooperatively attenuated kidney injury, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, inflammation and fibrosis, and improving mitochondrial health, and cellular antioxidant response. Conclusion: These data suggest that salsalate-tolvaptan combination, if confirmed in clinical testing, might represent a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Song
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wouter N. Leonhard
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anish A. Kanhai
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - York Pei
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: York Pei, ; Dorien J. M. Peters,
| | - Dorien J. M. Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands,*Correspondence: York Pei, ; Dorien J. M. Peters,
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16
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Dwivedi N, Jamadar A, Mathew S, Fields TA, Rao R. Myofibroblast depletion reduces kidney cyst growth and fibrosis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2023; 103:144-155. [PMID: 36273656 PMCID: PMC9822873 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) involves the development and persistent growth of fluid filled kidney cysts. In a recent study, we showed that ADPKD kidney cyst epithelial cells can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of peri-cystic myofibroblasts. Although dense myofibroblast populations are often found surrounding kidney cysts, their role in cyst enlargement or fibrosis in ADPKD is unclear. To clarify this, we examined the effect of myofibroblast depletion in the Pkd1RC/RC (RC/RC) mouse model of ADPKD. RC/RC;αSMAtk mice that use the ganciclovir-thymidine kinase system to selectively deplete α-smooth muscle actin expressing myofibroblasts were generated. Ganciclovir treatment for four weeks depleted myofibroblasts, reduced kidney fibrosis and preserved kidney function in these mice. Importantly, myofibroblast depletion significantly reduced cyst growth and cyst epithelial cell proliferation in RC/RC;αSMAtk mouse kidneys. Similar ganciclovir treatment did not alter cyst growth or fibrosis in wild-type or RC/RC littermates. In vitro, co-culture with myofibroblasts from the kidneys of patients with ADPKD increased 3D microcyst growth of human ADPKD cyst epithelial cells. Treatment with conditioned culture media from ADPKD kidney myofibroblasts increased microcyst growth and cell proliferation of ADPKD cyst epithelial cells. Further examination of ADPKD myofibroblast conditioned media showed high levels of protease inhibitors including PAI1, TIMP1 and 2, NGAL and TFPI-2, and treatment with recombinant PAI1 and TIMP1 increased ADPKD cyst epithelial cell proliferation in vitro. Thus, our findings show that myofibroblasts directly promote cyst epithelial cell proliferation, cyst growth and fibrosis in ADPKD kidneys, and their targeting could be a novel therapeutic strategy to treat PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Dwivedi
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
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17
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Paul C, Tang R, Longobardi C, Lattanzio R, Eguether T, Turali H, Bremond J, Maurizy C, Gabola M, Poupeau S, Turtoi A, Denicolai E, Cufaro MC, Svrcek M, Seksik P, Castronovo V, Delvenne P, de Laurenzi V, Da Costa Q, Bertucci F, Lemmers B, Pieragostino D, Mamessier E, Janke C, Pinet V, Hahne M. Loss of primary cilia promotes inflammation and carcinogenesis. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55687. [PMID: 36281991 PMCID: PMC9724674 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia (PC) are important signaling hubs, and we here explored their role in colonic pathology. In the colon, PC are mostly present on fibroblasts, and exposure of mice to either chemically induced colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis (CAC) or dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis decreases PC numbers. We generated conditional knockout mice with reduced numbers of PC on colonic fibroblasts. These mice show increased susceptibility to CAC, as well as DSS-induced colitis. Secretome and immunohistochemical analyses of DSS-treated mice display an elevated production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 in PC-deficient colons. An inflammatory environment diminishes PC presence in primary fibroblast cultures, which is triggered by IL-6 as identified by RNA-seq analysis together with blocking experiments. These findings suggest an activation loop between IL-6 production and PC loss. An analysis of PC presence on biopsies of patients with ulcerative colitis or colorectal cancer (CRC) reveals decreased numbers of PC on colonic fibroblasts in pathological compared with surrounding normal tissue. Taken together, we provide evidence that a decrease in colonic PC numbers promotes colitis and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conception Paul
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Ruizhi Tang
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Ciro Longobardi
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance,Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ University of Chieti–PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Thibaut Eguether
- Centre de Recherche Saint AntoineSorbonne Université, INSERM, APHPParisFrance
| | - Hulya Turali
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Julie Bremond
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Chloé Maurizy
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Monica Gabola
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Sophie Poupeau
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Treatment Laboratory, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Emilie Denicolai
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Laboratory of Predictive Oncology, Inserm U1068 ‐ CNRS UMR7258 – University of Aix‐Marseille UM105 ‐ Paoli Calmettes Institute (IPC)Label “Ligue contre le cancer”MarseilleFrance
| | - Maria Concetta Cufaro
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ University of Chieti–PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Department of Pathology, AP‐HP, Hôpital Saint‐AntoineSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Philippe Seksik
- Centre de Recherche Saint AntoineSorbonne Université, INSERM, APHPParisFrance
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA CancerUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Laboratory of Predictive Oncology, Inserm U1068 ‐ CNRS UMR7258 – University of Aix‐Marseille UM105 ‐ Paoli Calmettes Institute (IPC)Label “Ligue contre le cancer”MarseilleFrance,Department of Pathology, University Hospital (CHU)University of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Vincenzo de Laurenzi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ University of Chieti–PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Quentin Da Costa
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Laboratory of Predictive Oncology, Inserm U1068 ‐ CNRS UMR7258 – University of Aix‐Marseille UM105 ‐ Paoli Calmettes Institute (IPC)Label “Ligue contre le cancer”MarseilleFrance
| | - François Bertucci
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Laboratory of Predictive Oncology, Inserm U1068 ‐ CNRS UMR7258 – University of Aix‐Marseille UM105 ‐ Paoli Calmettes Institute (IPC)Label “Ligue contre le cancer”MarseilleFrance
| | - Bénédicte Lemmers
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ University of Chieti–PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Emilie Mamessier
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Laboratory of Predictive Oncology, Inserm U1068 ‐ CNRS UMR7258 – University of Aix‐Marseille UM105 ‐ Paoli Calmettes Institute (IPC)Label “Ligue contre le cancer”MarseilleFrance
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 3348Label “Equipe FRM”OrsayFrance,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348OrsayFrance
| | - Valérie Pinet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
| | - Michael Hahne
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Label “Equipe FRM”MontpellierFrance
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18
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Hsieh CL, Jerman SJ, Sun Z. Non-cell-autonomous activation of hedgehog signaling contributes to disease progression in a mouse model of renal cystic ciliopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:4228-4240. [PMID: 35904445 PMCID: PMC9759329 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a ciliopathy characterized by fluid-filled epithelial cysts in the kidney. Although it is well established that the primary cilium is essential for hedgehog (HH) signaling and HH signaling is abnormally activated in multiple PKD models, the mechanism and function of HH activation in PKD pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. Here we used a transgenic HH reporter mouse line to identify the target tissue of HH signaling in Arl13f/f;Ksp-Cre mutant kidney, in which the cilia biogenesis gene Arl13b is specifically deleted in epithelial cells of the distal nephron. In addition, we used a co-culture system to dissect cross-talk between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in the absence of expanding cysts. Finally, we treated Arl13bf/f;Ksp-Cre mice with the GLI inhibitor GANT61 and analyzed its impact on PKD progression in this model. We found that deletion of Arl13b in epithelial cells in the mouse kidney, in vivo, led to non-cell-autonomous activation of the HH pathway in the interstitium. In vitro, when co-cultured with mesenchymal cells, Arl13b-/- epithelial cells produced more sonic hedgehog in comparison to cells expressing Arl13b. Reciprocally, HH signaling was activated in mesenchymal cells co-cultured with Arl13b-/- epithelial cells. Finally, whole body inhibition of the HH pathway by GANT61 reduced the number of proliferating cells, inhibited cyst progression and fibrosis and preserved kidney function in Arl13bf/f;Ksp-Cre mice. Our results reveal non-cell-autonomous activation of HH signaling in the interstitium of the Arl13bf/f;Ksp-Cre kidney and suggest that abnormal activation of the HH pathway contributes to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Stephanie Justine Jerman
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Sun
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 2037853589; Fax: +1 2037857227;
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19
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Restoration of atypical protein kinase C ζ function in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ameliorates disease progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2121267119. [PMID: 35867829 PMCID: PMC9335328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2121267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) affects more than 500,000 individuals in the United States alone. In most cases, ADPKD is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the PKD1 gene, which encodes polycystin-1 (PC1). Previous studies reported that PC1 interacts with atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). Here we show that PC1 binds to the ζ isoform of aPKC (PKCζ) and identify two PKCζ phosphorylation sites on PC1's C-terminal tail. PKCζ expression is down-regulated in patients with ADPKD and orthologous and nonorthologous PKD mouse models. We find that the US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug FTY720 restores PKCζ expression in in vitro and in vivo models of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and this correlates with ameliorated disease progression in multiple PKD mouse models. Importantly, we show that FTY720 treatment is less effective in PKCζ null versions of these PKD mouse models, elucidating a PKCζ-specific mechanism of action that includes inhibiting STAT3 activity and cyst-lining cell proliferation. Taken together, our results reveal that PKCζ down-regulation is a hallmark of PKD and that its stabilization by FTY720 may represent a therapeutic approach to the treat the disease.
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20
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Pharmacological Effects of Panduratin A on Renal Cyst Development in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084328. [PMID: 35457146 PMCID: PMC9024631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cyst expansion in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) involves abnormalities in both cyst-lining-cell proliferation and fluid accumulation. Suppression of these processes may retard the progression of PKD. Evidence suggests that the activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated chloride secretion, leading to reduced progression of PKD. Here we investigated the pharmacological effects of panduratin A, a bioactive compound known as an AMPK activator, on CFTR-mediated chloride secretion and renal cyst development using in vitro and animal models of PKD. We demonstrated that AMPK was activated in immortalized normal renal cells and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cells following treatment with panduratin A. Treatment with panduratin A reduced the number of renal cyst colonies corresponding with a decrease in cell proliferation and phosphorylated p70/S6K, a downstream target of mTOR signaling. Additionally, panduratin A slowed cyst expansion via inhibition of the protein expression and transport function of CFTR. In heterozygous Han:Sprague-Dawley (Cy/+) rats, an animal model of PKD, intraperitoneal administration of panduratin A (25 mg/kg BW) for 5 weeks significantly decreased the kidney weight per body weight ratios and the cystic index. Panduratin A also reduced collagen deposition in renal tissue. Intraperitoneal administration of panduratin A caused abdominal bleeding and reduced body weight. However, 25 mg/kg BW of panduratin A via oral administration in the PCK rats, another non-orthologous PKD model, showed a significant decrease in the cystic index without severe adverse effects, indicating that the route of administration is critical in preventing adverse effects while still slowing disease progression. These findings reveal that panduratin A might hold therapeutic properties for the treatment of PKD.
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21
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Song CJ, Li Z, Ahmed UKB, Bland SJ, Yashchenko A, Liu S, Aloria EJ, Lever JM, Gonzalez NM, Bickel MA, Giles CB, Georgescu C, Wren JD, Lang ML, Benveniste EN, Harrington LE, Tsiokas L, George JF, Jones KL, Crossman DK, Agarwal A, Mrug M, Yoder BK, Hopp K, Zimmerman KA. A Comprehensive Immune Cell Atlas of Cystic Kidney Disease Reveals the Involvement of Adaptive Immune Cells in Injury-Mediated Cyst Progression in Mice. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:747-768. [PMID: 35110364 PMCID: PMC8970461 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducible disruption of cilia-related genes in adult mice results in slowly progressive cystic disease, which can be greatly accelerated by renal injury. METHODS To identify in an unbiased manner modifier cells that may be influencing the differential rate of cyst growth in injured versus non-injured cilia mutant kidneys at a time of similar cyst severity, we generated a single-cell atlas of cystic kidney disease. We conducted RNA-seq on 79,355 cells from control mice and adult-induced conditional Ift88 mice (hereafter referred to as cilia mutant mice) that were harvested approximately 7 months post-induction or 8 weeks post 30-minute unilateral ischemia reperfusion injury. RESULTS Analyses of single-cell RNA-seq data of CD45+ immune cells revealed that adaptive immune cells differed more in cluster composition, cell proportion, and gene expression than cells of myeloid origin when comparing cystic models with one another and with non-cystic controls. Surprisingly, genetic deletion of adaptive immune cells significantly reduced injury-accelerated cystic disease but had no effect on cyst growth in non-injured cilia mutant mice, independent of the rate of cyst growth or underlying genetic mutation. Using NicheNet, we identified a list of candidate cell types and ligands that were enriched in injured cilia mutant mice compared with aged cilia mutant mice and non-cystic controls that may be responsible for the observed dependence on adaptive immune cells during injury-accelerated cystic disease. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data highlight the diversity of immune cell involvement in cystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng J. Song
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Zhang Li
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ummey Khalecha Bintha Ahmed
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sarah J. Bland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Alex Yashchenko
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Shanrun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ernald J. Aloria
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jeremie M. Lever
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nancy M. Gonzalez
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Marisa A. Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Cory B. Giles
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Constantin Georgescu
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Mark L. Lang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Etty N. Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Laurie E. Harrington
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Leo Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - James F. George
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kenneth L. Jones
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Program, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kurt A. Zimmerman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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22
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Jones BE, Mkhaimer YG, Rangel LJ, Chedid M, Schulte PJ, Mohamed AK, Neal RM, Zubidat D, Randhawa AK, Hanna C, Gregory AV, Kline TL, Zoghby ZM, Senum SR, Harris PC, Torres VE, Chebib FT. Asymptomatic Pyuria as a Prognostic Biomarker in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:465-476. [PMID: 35582184 PMCID: PMC9034817 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0004292021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has phenotypic variability only partially explained by established biomarkers that do not readily assess pathologically important factors of inflammation and kidney fibrosis. We evaluated asymptomatic pyuria (AP), a surrogate marker of inflammation, as a biomarker for disease progression. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with ADPKD. Patients were divided into AP and no pyuria (NP) groups. We evaluated the effect of pyuria on kidney function and kidney volume. Longitudinal models evaluating kidney function and kidney volume rate of change with respect to incidences of AP were created. RESULTS There were 687 included patients (347 AP, 340 NP). The AP group had more women (65% versus 49%). Median ages at kidney failure were 86 and 80 years in the NP and AP groups (log rank, P=0.49), respectively, for patients in Mayo Imaging Class (MIC) 1A-1B as compared with 59 and 55 years for patients in MIC 1C-1D-1E (log rank, P=0.02), respectively. Compared with the NP group, the rate of kidney function (ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year) decline shifted significantly after detection of AP in the models, including all patients (-1.48; P<0.001), patients in MIC 1A-1B (-1.79; P<0.001), patients in MIC 1C-1D-1E (-1.18; P<0.001), and patients with PKD1 (-1.04; P<0.001). Models evaluating kidney volume rate of growth showed no change after incidence of AP as compared with the NP group. CONCLUSIONS AP is associated with kidney failure and faster kidney function decline irrespective of the ADPKD gene, cystic burden, and cystic growth. These results support AP as an enriching prognostic biomarker for the rate of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Jones
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yaman G. Mkhaimer
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Laureano J. Rangel
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maroun Chedid
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Phillip J. Schulte
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alaa K. Mohamed
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Reem M. Neal
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Dalia Zubidat
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amarjyot K. Randhawa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christian Hanna
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Adriana V. Gregory
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ziad M. Zoghby
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sarah R. Senum
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Peter C. Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vicente E. Torres
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fouad T. Chebib
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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23
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Primary cilia and their effects on immune cell functions and metabolism: a model. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:366-378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Hu C, Beebe K, Hernandez EJ, Lazaro-Guevara JM, Revelo MP, Huang Y, Maschek JA, Cox JE, Kohan DE. Multiomic identification of factors associated with progression to cystic kidney disease in mice with nephron Ift88 disruption. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F175-F192. [PMID: 34927449 PMCID: PMC8782669 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00409.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ift88 gene mutations cause primary cilia loss and polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in mice. Nephron intraflagellar transport protein 88 (Ift88) knockout (KO) at 2 mo postnatal does not affect renal histology at 4 mo postnatal and causes PKD only in males by 11 mo postnatal. To identify factors associated with PKD development, kidneys from 4-mo-old male and female control and Ift88 KO mice underwent transcriptomic, proteomic, Western blot, metabolomic, and lipidomic analyses. mRNAs involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation were selectively upregulated in male KO mice. Proteomic analysis was insufficiently sensitive to detect most ECM components, while Western blot analysis paradoxically revealed reduced fibronectin and collagen type I in male KO mice. Only male KO mice had upregulated mRNAs encoding fibrinogen subunits and receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor; period 2, period 3, and nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 clock mRNAs were selectively decreased in male KO mice. Proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic analyses detected a relative (vs. the same-sex control) decrease in factors involved in fatty acid β-oxidation in female KO mice, while increased or unchanged levels in male KO mice, including medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and acylcarnitine. Three putative mRNA biomarkers of cystogenesis in male Ift88 KO mice (similar control levels between sexes and uniquely altered by KO in males) were identified, including high levels (fibrinogen α-chain and stromal cell-derived factor 2-like 1) and low levels (BTG3-associated nuclear protein) in male KO mice. These findings suggest that relative alterations in renal ECM metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation, and other pathways precede cystogenesis in Ift88 KO mice. In addition, potential novel biomarkers of cystogenesis in Ift88 KO mice have been identified.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Male, but not female, mice with nephron intraflagellar transport protein 88 (Ift88) gene knockout (KO) develop polycystic kidneys by ∼1 yr postnatal. We performed multiomic analysis of precystic male and female Ift88 KO and control kidneys. Precystic male Ift88 KO mice exhibited differential alterations (vs. females) in mRNA, proteins, metabolites, and/or lipids associated with renal extracellular matrix metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation, circadian rhythm, and other pathways. These findings suggest targets for evaluation in the pathogenesis of Ift88 KO polycystic kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Hu
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Katherine Beebe
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Edgar J Hernandez
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jose M Lazaro-Guevara
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Monica P Revelo
- Deparment of Pathology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - J Alan Maschek
- Deparment of Pathology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James E Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Donald E Kohan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
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25
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Dong K, Zhang C, Tian X, Coman D, Hyder F, Ma M, Somlo S. Renal plasticity revealed through reversal of polycystic kidney disease in mice. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1649-1663. [PMID: 34635846 PMCID: PMC9278957 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initiation of cyst formation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) occurs when kidney tubule cells are rendered null for either PKD1 or PKD2 by somatic 'second hit' mutations. Subsequent cyst progression remodels the organ through changes in tubule cell shape, proliferation and secretion. The kidney develops inflammation and fibrosis. We constructed a mouse model in which adult inactivation of either Pkd gene can be followed by reactivation of the gene at a later time. Using this model, we show that re-expression of Pkd genes in cystic kidneys results in rapid reversal of ADPKD. Cyst cell proliferation is reduced, autophagy is activated and cystic tubules with expanded lumina lined by squamoid cells revert to normal lumina lined by cuboidal cells. Increases in inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition and myofibroblast activation are reversed, and the kidneys become smaller. We conclude that phenotypic features of ADPKD are reversible and that the kidney has an unexpected capacity for plasticity controlled at least in part by ADPKD gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniel Coman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stefan Somlo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA,Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,
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26
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Ki SM, Jeong HS, Lee JE. Primary Cilia in Glial Cells: An Oasis in the Journey to Overcoming Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:736888. [PMID: 34658775 PMCID: PMC8514955 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.736888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with defects in primary cilia, which are cellular organelles involved in diverse cellular processes and homeostasis. Several types of glial cells in both the central and peripheral nervous systems not only support the development and function of neurons but also play significant roles in the mechanisms of neurological disease. Nevertheless, most studies have focused on investigating the role of primary cilia in neurons. Accordingly, the interest of recent studies has expanded to elucidate the role of primary cilia in glial cells. Correspondingly, several reports have added to the growing evidence that most glial cells have primary cilia and that impairment of cilia leads to neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to understand the regulatory mechanisms of cilia formation and the disease-related functions of cilia, which are common or specific to each glial cell. Moreover, we have paid close attention to the signal transduction and pathological mechanisms mediated by glia cilia in representative neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we expect that this field of research will clarify the mechanisms involved in the formation and function of glial cilia to provide novel insights and ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Mi Ki
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hui Su Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Jamadar A, Suma SM, Mathew S, Fields TA, Wallace DP, Calvet JP, Rao R. The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor Nintedanib ameliorates autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:947. [PMID: 34650051 PMCID: PMC8517027 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease and is characterized by progressive growth of fluid-filled cysts. Growth factors binding to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) stimulate cell proliferation and cyst growth in PKD. Nintedanib, a triple RTK inhibitor, targets the vascular endothelial growth-factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth-factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth-factor receptor (FGFR), and is an approved drug for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma and idiopathic lung fibrosis. To determine if RTK inhibition using nintedanib can slow ADPKD progression, we tested its effect on human ADPKD renal cyst epithelial cells and myofibroblasts in vitro, and on Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre and Pkd1RC/RC, orthologous mouse models of ADPKD. Nintedanib significantly inhibited cell proliferation and in vitro cyst growth of human ADPKD renal cyst epithelial cells, and cell viability and migration of human ADPKD renal myofibroblasts. Consistently, nintedanib treatment significantly reduced kidney-to-body-weight ratio, renal cystic index, cystic epithelial cell proliferation, and blood-urea nitrogen levels in both the Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre and Pkd1RC/RC mice. There was a corresponding reduction in ERK, AKT, STAT3, and mTOR activity and expression of proproliferative factors, including Yes-associated protein (YAP), c-Myc, and Cyclin D1. Nintedanib treatment significantly reduced fibrosis in Pkd1RC/RC mice, but did not affect renal fibrosis in Pkd1f/fPkhd1Cre mice. Overall, these results suggest that nintedanib may be repurposed to effectively slow cyst growth in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sreenath M Suma
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Timothy A Fields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Darren P Wallace
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - James P Calvet
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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28
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Ng DCH, Ho UY, Grounds MD. Cilia, Centrosomes and Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9605. [PMID: 34502512 PMCID: PMC8431768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are non-motile, cell cycle-associated organelles that can be found on most vertebrate cell types. Comprised of microtubule bundles organised into an axoneme and anchored by a mature centriole or basal body, primary cilia are dynamic signalling platforms that are intimately involved in cellular responses to their extracellular milieu. Defects in ciliogenesis or dysfunction in cilia signalling underlie a host of developmental disorders collectively referred to as ciliopathies, reinforcing important roles for cilia in human health. Whilst primary cilia have long been recognised to be present in striated muscle, their role in muscle is not well understood. However, recent studies indicate important contributions, particularly in skeletal muscle, that have to date remained underappreciated. Here, we explore recent revelations that the sensory and signalling functions of cilia on muscle progenitors regulate cell cycle progression, trigger differentiation and maintain a commitment to myogenesis. Cilia disassembly is initiated during myoblast fusion. However, the remnants of primary cilia persist in multi-nucleated myotubes, and we discuss their potential role in late-stage differentiation and myofiber formation. Reciprocal interactions between cilia and the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment described for other tissues may also inform on parallel interactions in skeletal muscle. We also discuss emerging evidence that cilia on fibroblasts/fibro-adipogenic progenitors and myofibroblasts may influence cell fate in both a cell autonomous and non-autonomous manner with critical consequences for skeletal muscle ageing and repair in response to injury and disease. This review addresses the enigmatic but emerging role of primary cilia in satellite cells in myoblasts and myofibers during myogenesis, as well as the wider tissue microenvironment required for skeletal muscle formation and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic C. H. Ng
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Uda Y. Ho
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Miranda D. Grounds
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Cordido A, Nuñez-Gonzalez L, Martinez-Moreno JM, Lamas-Gonzalez O, Rodriguez-Osorio L, Perez-Gomez MV, Martin-Sanchez D, Outeda P, Chiaravalli M, Watnick T, Boletta A, Diaz C, Carracedo A, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Garcia-Gonzalez MA. TWEAK Signaling Pathway Blockade Slows Cyst Growth and Disease Progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1913-1932. [PMID: 34155062 PMCID: PMC8455272 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020071094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cyst development and enlargement lead to ESKD. Macrophage recruitment and interstitial inflammation promote cyst growth. TWEAK is a TNF superfamily (TNFSF) cytokine that regulates inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, and cell death, and its receptor Fn14 (TNFRSF12a) is expressed in macrophage and nephron epithelia. METHODS To evaluate the role of the TWEAK signaling pathway in cystic disease, we evaluated Fn14 expression in human and in an orthologous murine model of ADPKD. We also explored the cystic response to TWEAK signaling pathway activation and inhibition by peritoneal injection. RESULTS Meta-analysis of published animal-model data of cystic disease reveals mRNA upregulation of several components of the TWEAK signaling pathway. We also observed that TWEAK and Fn14 were overexpressed in mouse ADPKD kidney cysts, and TWEAK was significantly high in urine and cystic fluid from patients with ADPKD. TWEAK administration induced cystogenesis and increased cystic growth, worsening the phenotype in a murine ADPKD model. Anti-TWEAK antibodies significantly slowed the progression of ADPKD, preserved renal function, and improved survival. Furthermore, the anti-TWEAK cystogenesis reduction is related to decreased cell proliferation-related MAPK signaling, decreased NF-κB pathway activation, a slight reduction of fibrosis and apoptosis, and an indirect decrease in macrophage recruitment. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies the TWEAK signaling pathway as a new disease mechanism involved in cystogenesis and cystic growth and may lead to a new therapeutic approach in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Cordido
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Nuñez-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio M. Martinez-Moreno
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olaya Lamas-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Osorio
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Vanessa Perez-Gomez
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martin-Sanchez
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Outeda
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marco Chiaravalli
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)–San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Terry Watnick
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Candido Diaz
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Nephrology Service, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Center in Network of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana B. Sanz
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Mochizuki T, Muto S, Miyake M, Tanaka T, Wang W. Safety and efficacy of Tolvaptan in real-world patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease- interim results of SLOW-PKD surveillance. Clin Exp Nephrol 2021; 25:1231-1239. [PMID: 34228250 PMCID: PMC8460520 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-021-02100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tolvaptan is a vasopressin type 2 receptor antagonist and has been used to treat autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) since 2014. There has been limited real-world data on the safety and efficacy of tolvaptan. METHODS This post-marketing surveillance was conducted to evaluate the long-term safety and the efficacy of tolvaptan in Japanese patients with ADPKD in real-world clinical settings. The baseline characteristics of 1630 patients treated with tolvaptan are reported. Safety analysis comprises evaluation of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The efficacy evaluation includes percent change in total kidney volume (TKV) and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after tolvaptan treatment. RESULTS Mean age was 49.7 ± 11.2 years and 843 (51.7%) patients were male. Baseline TKV was 2158 ± 1346 mL and eGFR was 44.4 ± 21.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. The majority of CKD patients were stage G3b (27.0%) and G4 (30.1%). Frequently reported ADRs were hepatic function abnormal (8.3%), thirst (8.2%), and hyperuricaemia (6.9%). The frequency of ALT elevation (> 30 and > 90 IU/L) was slightly high (32.9 and 8.3%) to previous studies. After tolvaptan treatment, the annual rate of percentage change in TKV reduced from 11.68%/year to 2.73%/year (P < 0.0001). Similar results were also obtained for the effect on change in eGFR from - 3.31 to - 2.28 mL/min/1.73 m2/year after initiation of tolvaptan treatment (P = 0.0403). CONCLUSION There were no major problems with safety of tolvaptan treatment and comparable efficacy for TKV and eGFR was observed in relation to the previous pivotal two randomized control trials in this post-marketing surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Mochizuki
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Clinical Research Division for Polycystic Kidney Disease, Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Muto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Informatics for Genetic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masateru Miyake
- Department of Pharmacovigilance, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 3-2-27 Otedori, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0021, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Tanaka
- Department of Medical Affairs, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 3-2-27 Otedori, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0021, Japan
| | - Wenchyi Wang
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Princeton, NJ, USA
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31
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Miranda MZ, Lichner Z, Szászi K, Kapus A. MRTF: Basic Biology and Role in Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116040. [PMID: 34204945 PMCID: PMC8199744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A lesser known but crucially important downstream effect of Rho family GTPases is the regulation of gene expression. This major role is mediated via the cytoskeleton, the organization of which dictates the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of a set of transcription factors. Central among these is myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF), which upon actin polymerization translocates to the nucleus and binds to its cognate partner, serum response factor (SRF). The MRTF/SRF complex then drives a large cohort of genes involved in cytoskeleton remodeling, contractility, extracellular matrix organization and many other processes. Accordingly, MRTF, activated by a variety of mechanical and chemical stimuli, affects a plethora of functions with physiological and pathological relevance. These include cell motility, development, metabolism and thus metastasis formation, inflammatory responses and—predominantly-organ fibrosis. The aim of this review is twofold: to provide an up-to-date summary about the basic biology and regulation of this versatile transcriptional coactivator; and to highlight its principal involvement in the pathobiology of kidney disease. Acting through both direct transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms, MRTF plays a key (yet not fully appreciated) role in the induction of a profibrotic epithelial phenotype (PEP) as well as in fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, prime pathomechanisms in chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zena Miranda
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.Z.M.); (Z.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Lichner
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.Z.M.); (Z.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Katalin Szászi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.Z.M.); (Z.L.); (K.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.Z.M.); (Z.L.); (K.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence:
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32
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Non-Coding RNAs in Hereditary Kidney Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063014. [PMID: 33809516 PMCID: PMC7998154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-gene defects have been revealed to be the etiologies of many kidney diseases with the recent advances in molecular genetics. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), as one of the most common inherited kidney diseases, is caused by mutations of PKD1 or PKD2 gene. Due to the complexity of pathophysiology of cyst formation and progression, limited therapeutic options are available. The roles of noncoding RNAs in development and disease have gained widespread attention in recent years. In particular, microRNAs in promoting PKD progression have been highlighted. The dysregulated microRNAs modulate cyst growth through suppressing the expression of PKD genes and regulating cystic renal epithelial cell proliferation, mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis and autophagy. The antagonists of microRNAs have emerged as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of ADPKD. In addition, studies have also focused on microRNAs as potential biomarkers for ADPKD and other common hereditary kidney diseases, including HNF1β-associated kidney disease, Alport syndrome, congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, and Fabry disease. This review assembles the current understanding of the non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, in polycystic kidney disease and these common monogenic kidney diseases.
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Zhang JQJ, Saravanabavan S, Chandra AN, Munt A, Wong ATY, Harris PC, Harris DCH, McKenzie P, Wang Y, Rangan GK. Up-Regulation of DNA Damage Response Signaling in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:902-920. [PMID: 33549515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage and alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) signaling could be one of the molecular mechanisms mediating focal kidney cyst formation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that markers of DNA damage and DDR signaling are increased in human and experimental ADPKD. In the human ADPKD transcriptome, the number of up-regulated DDR-related genes was increased by 16.6-fold compared with that in normal kidney, and by 2.5-fold in cystic compared with that in minimally cystic tissue (P < 0.0001). In end-stage human ADPKD tissue, γ-H2A histone family member X (H2AX), phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia and radiation-sensitive mutant 3 (Rad3)-related (pATR), and phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (pATM) localized to cystic kidney epithelial cells. In vitro, pATR and pATM were also constitutively increased in human ADPKD tubular cells (WT 9-7 and 9-12) compared with control (HK-2). In addition, extrinsic oxidative DNA damage by hydrogen peroxide augmented γ-H2AX and cell survival in human ADPKD cells, and exacerbated cyst growth in the three-dimensional Madin-Darby canine kidney cyst model. In contrast, DDR-related gene expression was only transiently increased on postnatal day 0 in Pkd1RC/RC mice, and not altered at later time points up to 12 months of age. In conclusion, DDR signaling is dysregulated in human ADPKD and during the early phases of murine ADPKD. The constitutive expression of the DDR pathway in ADPKD may promote survival of PKD1-mutated cells and contribute to kidney cyst growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Q J Zhang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sayanthooran Saravanabavan
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ashley N Chandra
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Munt
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annette T Y Wong
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter C Harris
- Mayo Translational Polycystic Kidney Disease Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David C H Harris
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul McKenzie
- Department of Tissue Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yiping Wang
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gopala K Rangan
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Zhang Y, Lu W, Chen X, Cao Y, Yang Z. A Bioinformatic Analysis of Correlations between Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor (PIGR) and Liver Fibrosis Progression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5541780. [PMID: 33937393 PMCID: PMC8055406 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5541780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is aimed at investigating the enriched functions of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) and its correlations with liver fibrosis stage. METHODS PIGR mRNA expression in normal liver, liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and hepatitis virus infection samples was calculated in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Oncomine databases. Enrichment analysis of PIGR-related genes was conducted in Metascape and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Logistic model and ROC curve were performed to evaluate the correlations between pIgR and liver fibrosis. RESULTS PIGR mRNA was upregulated in advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis compared to normal liver (all p < 0.05). PIGR mRNA was also overexpressed in activated HSCs compared to senescent HSCs, liver stem/progenitor cells, and reverted HSCs (all p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis revealed that PIGR-related genes involved in the defense response to virus and interferon (IFN) signaling. In GEO series, PIGR mRNA was also upregulated by hepatitis virus B, C, D, and E infection (all p < 0.05). After adjusting age and gender, multivariate logistic regression models revealed that high PIGR in the liver was a risk factor for liver fibrosis (OR = 82.2, p < 0.001). The area under curve (AUC), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity of PIGR for liver fibrosis stage >2 were 0.84, 0.86, 0.7, 0.61, and 0.90. CONCLUSION PIGR was correlated with liver fibrosis and might involve in hepatitis virus infection and HSC transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- 1Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Wenjun Lu
- 2Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu 212300, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- 1Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yajuan Cao
- 3Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- 4Clinical Translation Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zongguo Yang
- 1Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
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Li Y, Zhao S, Xu S, Li Y, Wang C, Ren J, Li F, Hu X, Lin K, Qiu Y, Xiu Y. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) reduces postoperative adhesions after experimental strabismus surgery in rabbits by suppressing canonical and non-canonical TGFβ signaling through PPARα. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 184:114398. [PMID: 33385371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative adhesions and scarring are the particular complication after strabismus surgery, for which there is currently no comprehensive treatment available. Preventing inflammation and fibrosis in the extraocular muscle are crucial for treatment of postoperative adhesions. In the present study, we found that administration of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) attenuated postoperative inflammation and fibroproliferation through activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), thus prevented scar formation. Inhibition of PEA degradation by N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) inhibitor F96 led to the same pharmacological results. PPARα activation suppressed both canonical and non-canonical TGFβ signaling. Mechanistically, we found that PPARα directly bound to TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), thus preventing its hyperphosphorylation and the activation of downstream p38 and JNK1/2 signaling. Taken together, current study suggested that PEA could be a novel therapeutic approach for postoperative adhesions after strabismus surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Li
- Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Sichen Zhao
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Sennan Xu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- Xiamen Institute of Rare-earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fei Li
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | | | - Yan Qiu
- Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Yanghui Xiu
- Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Abstract
Interstitial inflammation is an important feature of cystic kidney disease. Renal macrophages are the most well-studied inflammatory cell in the kidney, and their involvement in cyst formation has been reported in different animal models and patients with cystic kidney disease. Originally, it was believed that renal macrophages were maintained from a constant supply of bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes, and could be recruited to the kidney in response to local inflammation. However, this idea has been challenged using fate-mapping methods, by showing that at least two distinct developmental origins of macrophages are present in the adult mouse kidney. The first type, infiltrating macrophages, are recruited from circulating monocytes and gradually develop macrophage properties on entering the kidney. The second, resident macrophages, predominantly originate from embryonic precursors, colonize the kidney during its development, and proliferate in situ to maintain their population throughout adulthood. Infiltrating and resident macrophages work together to maintain homeostasis and properly respond to pathologic conditions, such as AKI, cystic kidney disease, or infection. This review will briefly summarize current knowledge of resident macrophages in cystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kurt A. Zimmerman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14 is critical for the development of renal fibrosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25469-25486. [PMID: 33231567 PMCID: PMC7803499 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Tumor necrosis factor superfamily protein 14 (TNFSF14) was recently identified as a risk factor in some fibrosis diseases. However, the role of TNFSF14 in renal fibrosis pathogenesis remains unknown. Results: It was found that TNFSF14 levels were significantly increased both in UUO-induced renal fibrotic mice and in patients with fibrotic nephropathy, compared with those in controls. Accordingly, Tnfsf14 deficiency led to a marked reduction in renal fibrosis lesions and inflammatory cytokines expression in the UUO mice. Furthermore, the levels of Sphk1, a critical molecule that causes fibrotic nephropathy, were remarkably reduced in Tnfsf14 KO mice with UUO surgery. In vitro recombinant TNFSF14 administration markedly up-regulated the expression of Sphk1 of primary mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mTECs). Conclusion: TNFSF14 is a novel pro-fibrotic factor of renal fibrosis, for which TNFSF14 up-regulates Sphk1 expression, which may be the underlying mechanism of TNFSF14-mediated renal fibrosis. Methods: We investigated the effect of TNFSF14 on renal fibrosis and the relationship between TNFSF14 and pro-fibrotic factor sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) by using the unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO)-induced mice renal fibrosis as a model and the specimen of patients with fibrosis nephropathy, by Masson trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis.
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Safi W, Kraus A, Grampp S, Schödel J, Buchholz B. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is regulated by HIF-1α and cAMP and promotes renal cyst cell proliferation in a macrophage-independent manner. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1547-1559. [PMID: 32885302 PMCID: PMC7591438 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Progressive cyst growth leads to decline of renal function in polycystic kidney disease. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was found to be upregulated in cyst-lining cells in a mouse model of polycystic kidney disease and to promote cyst growth. In addition, MIF can be secreted by tubular cells and may contribute to cyst growth in an autocrine manner. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to induction of MIF in cyst-lining cells remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) 1α upregulates MIF in cyst-lining cells in a tubule-specific PKD1 knockout mouse. Pharmacological stabilization of HIF-1α resulted in significant increase of MIF in cyst epithelial cells whereas tubule-specific knockout of HIF-1α prevented MIF upregulation. Identical regulation could be found for ABCA1, which has been shown to act as a transport protein for MIF. Furthermore, we show that MIF and ABCA1 are direct target genes of HIF-1α in human primary tubular cells. Next to HIF-1α and hypoxia, we found MIF being additionally regulated by cAMP which is a strong promotor of cyst growth. In line with these findings, HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent in vitro cyst growth could be decreased by the MIF-inhibitor ISO-1 which resulted in reduced cyst cell proliferation. In conclusion, HIF-1α and cAMP regulate MIF in primary tubular cells and cyst-lining epithelial cells, and MIF promotes cyst growth in the absence of macrophages. In line with these findings, the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 attenuates HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent in vitro cyst enlargement. KEY MESSAGES: • MIF is upregulated in cyst-lining cells in a polycystic kidney disease mouse model. • MIF upregulation is mediated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) 1α. • ABCA1, transport protein for MIF, is also regulated by HIF-1α in vitro and in vivo. • MIF is additionally regulated by cAMP, a strong promotor of cyst growth. • MIF-inhibitor ISO-1 reduces HIF-1α- and cAMP-dependent cyst growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajima Safi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andre Kraus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Grampp
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schödel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bjoern Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Ulmenweg 18, D - 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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De Miguel C, Kraus AC, Saludes MA, Konkalmatt P, Ruiz Domínguez A, Asico LD, Latham PS, Offen D, Jose PA, Cuevas S. ND-13, a DJ-1-Derived Peptide, Attenuates the Renal Expression of Fibrotic and Inflammatory Markers Associated with Unilateral Ureter Obstruction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197048. [PMID: 32987947 PMCID: PMC7582723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 is a redox-sensitive chaperone with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the kidney. The 20 amino acid (aa) peptide ND-13 consists of 13 highly conserved aas from the DJ-1 sequence and a TAT-derived 7 aa sequence that helps in cell penetration. This study aimed to determine if ND-13 treatment prevents the renal damage and inflammation associated with unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO). Male C57Bl/6 and DJ-1-/- mice underwent UUO and were treated with ND-13 or vehicle for 14 days. ND-13 attenuated the renal expression of fibrotic markers TGF-β and collagen1a1 (Col1a1) and inflammatory markers TNF-α and IL-6 in C57Bl/6 mice. DJ-1-/- mice treated with ND-13 presented similar decreased expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-β. However, in contrast to C57Bl/6 mice, ND-13 failed to prevent renal fibrosis or to ameliorate the expression of Col1a1 in this genotype. Further, UUO led to elevated urinary levels of the proximal tubular injury marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in DJ-1-/- mice, which were blunted by ND-13. Our results suggest that ND-13 protects against UUO-induced renal injury, inflammation and fibrosis. These are all crucial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of kidney injury. Thus, ND-13 may be a new therapeutic approach to prevent renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen De Miguel
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
- Correspondence: (C.D.M.); (S.C.); Tel.: +1-(205)-934-2430 (C.D.M.); +34-(868)-885-038 (S.C.)
| | - Abigayle C. Kraus
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Mitchell A. Saludes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.A.S.); (P.K.); (L.D.A.); (P.A.J.)
| | - Prasad Konkalmatt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.A.S.); (P.K.); (L.D.A.); (P.A.J.)
| | - Almudena Ruiz Domínguez
- Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), University Clinical Hospital Virgen Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Laureano D. Asico
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.A.S.); (P.K.); (L.D.A.); (P.A.J.)
| | - Patricia S. Latham
- Pathology and Internal Medicine The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Daniel Offen
- Neuroscience Laboratory, The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (M.A.S.); (P.K.); (L.D.A.); (P.A.J.)
| | - Santiago Cuevas
- Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), University Clinical Hospital Virgen Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (C.D.M.); (S.C.); Tel.: +1-(205)-934-2430 (C.D.M.); +34-(868)-885-038 (S.C.)
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40
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Targeting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) for treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Müller RU, Schermer B. Hippo signaling-a central player in cystic kidney disease? Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:1143-1152. [PMID: 31297585 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cystic transformation of kidney tissue is a key feature of various disorders including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), and disorders of the nephronophthisis spectrum (NPH). While ARPKD and NPH typically affect children and adolescents, pediatric onset of ADPKD is less frequently found. While both ADPKD and ARPKD are characterized by formation of hundreds of cysts accompanied by hyperproliferation of tubular epithelia with massive renal enlargement, NPH patients usually show kidneys of normal or reduced size with cysts limited to the corticomedullary border. Recent results suggest the hippo pathway to be a central regulator at the crossroads of the renal phenotype in both diseases. Hippo signaling regulates organ size and proliferation by keeping the oncogenic transcriptional co-activators Yes associated protein 1 (YAP) and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) in check. Once this inhibition is released, nuclear YAP/TAZ interacts with TEAD family transcription factors and the consecutive transcriptional activation of TEA domain family members (TEAD) target genes mediates an increase in proliferation. Here, we review the current knowledge on the impact of NPHP and ADPKD mutations on Hippo signaling networks. Furthermore, we provide an outlook towards potential future therapeutic strategies targeting Hippo signaling to alleviate cystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and inflammation: Another homeostatic property? Cytokine 2020; 133:155179. [PMID: 32619797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Dwivedi N, Tao S, Jamadar A, Sinha S, Howard C, Wallace DP, Fields TA, Leask A, Calvet JP, Rao R. Epithelial Vasopressin Type-2 Receptors Regulate Myofibroblasts by a YAP-CCN2-Dependent Mechanism in Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:1697-1710. [PMID: 32554753 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is a major cause of loss of renal function in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). In this study, we examined whether vasopressin type-2 receptor (V2R) activity in cystic epithelial cells can stimulate interstitial myofibroblasts and fibrosis in ADPKD kidneys. METHODS We treated Pkd1 gene knockout (Pkd1KO) mice with dDAVP, a V2R agonist, for 3 days and evaluated the effect on myofibroblast deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). We also analyzed the effects of conditioned media from primary cultures of human ADPKD cystic epithelial cells on myofibroblast activation. Because secretion of the profibrotic connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) increased significantly in dDAVP-treated Pkd1KO mouse kidneys, we examined its role in V2R-dependent fibrosis in ADPKD as well as that of yes-associated protein (YAP). RESULTS V2R stimulation using dDAVP increased the renal interstitial myofibroblast population and ECM deposition. Similarly, conditioned media from human ADPKD cystic epithelial cells increased myofibroblast activation in vitro, suggesting a paracrine mechanism. Renal collecting duct-specific gene deletion of CCN2 significantly reduced cyst growth and myofibroblasts in Pkd1KO mouse kidneys. We found that YAP regulates CCN2, and YAP inhibition or gene deletion reduces renal fibrosis in Pkd1KO mouse kidneys. Importantly, YAP inactivation blocks the dDAVP-induced increase in myofibroblasts in Pkd1KO kidneys. Further in vitro studies showed that V2R regulates YAP by an ERK1/2-dependent mechanism in human ADPKD cystic epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which cystic epithelial cells stimulate myofibroblasts in the pericystic microenvironment, leading to fibrosis in ADPKD. The V2R-YAP-CCN2 cell signaling pathway may present a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Dwivedi
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shixin Tao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sonali Sinha
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Christianna Howard
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Darren P Wallace
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Andrew Leask
- School of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - James P Calvet
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas .,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Zimmerman KA, Hopp K, Mrug M. Role of chemokines, innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109647. [PMID: 32325183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) triggers a robust immune system response including changes in both innate and adaptive immunity. These changes involve immune cells (e.g., macrophages and T cells) as well as cytokines and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1) that regulate the production, differentiation, homing, and various functions of these cells. This review is focused on the role of the immune system and its associated factors in the pathogenesis of PKDs as evidenced by data from cell-based systems, animal models, and PKD patients. It also highlights relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies that point to specific immune system components as promising candidates for the development of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to improve PKD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Zimmerman
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Polycystic Kidney Disease Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Extracellular matrix, integrins, and focal adhesion signaling in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109646. [PMID: 32311505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the inexorable growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts leads to massively enlarged kidneys, renal interstitial damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, and progressive decline in kidney function. It has long been recognized that interstitial fibrosis is the most important manifestation associated with end-stage renal disease; however, the role of abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) production on ADPKD pathogenesis is not fully understood. Early evidence showed that cysts in end-stage human ADPKD kidneys had thickened and extensively laminated cellular basement membranes, and abnormal regulation of gene expression of several basement membrane components, including collagens, laminins, and proteoglycans by cyst epithelial cells. These basement membrane changes were also observed in dilated tubules and small cysts of early ADPKD kidneys, indicating that ECM alterations were early features of cyst development. Renal cystic cells were also found to overexpress several integrins and their ligands, including ECM structural components and soluble matricellular proteins. ECM ligands binding to integrins stimulate focal adhesion formation and can promote cell attachment and migration. Abnormal expression of laminin-332 (laminin-5) and its receptor α6β4 stimulated cyst epithelial cell proliferation; and mice that lacked laminin α5, a component of laminin-511 normally expressed by renal tubules, had an overexpression of laminin-332 that was associated with renal cyst formation. Periostin, a matricellular protein that binds αVβ3- and αVβ5-integrins, was found to be highly overexpressed in the kidneys of ADPKD and autosomal recessive PKD patients, and several rodent models of PKD. αVβ3-integrin is also overexpressed by cystic epithelial cells, and the binding of periostin to αVβ3-integrin activates the integrin-linked kinase and downstream signal transduction pathways involved in tissue repair promoting cyst growth, ECM synthesis, and tissue fibrosis. This chapter reviews the roles of the ECM, integrins, and focal adhesion signaling in cyst growth and fibrosis in PKD.
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Zimmerman KA, Huang J, He L, Revell DZ, Li Z, Hsu JS, Fitzgibbon WR, Hazard ES, Hardiman G, Mrug M, Bell PD, Yoder BK, Saigusa T. Interferon Regulatory Factor-5 in Resident Macrophage Promotes Polycystic Kidney Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:179-190. [PMID: 33490963 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001052019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is caused by genetic mutations in PKD1 or PKD2. Macrophages and their associated inflammatory cytokines promote cyst progression; however, transcription factors within macrophages that control cytokine production and cystic disease are unknown. Methods In these studies, we used conditional Pkd1 mice to test the hypothesis that macrophage-localized interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5), a transcription factor associated with production of cyst-promoting cytokines (TNFα, IL-6), is required for accelerated cyst progression in a unilateral nephrectomy (1K) model. Analyses of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow-cytometry data 3 weeks post nephrectomy, a time point before the onset of severe cystogenesis, indicate an accumulation of inflammatory infiltrating and resident macrophages in 1K Pkd1 mice compared with controls. qRT-PCR data from FACS cells at this time demonstrate that macrophages from 1K Pkd1 mice have increased expression of Irf5 compared with controls. To determine the importance of macrophage-localized Irf5 in cyst progression, we injected scrambled or IRF5 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) in 1K Pkd1 mice and analyzed the effect on macrophage numbers, cytokine production, and renal cystogenesis 6 weeks post nephrectomy. Results Analyses of qRT-PCR and IRF5 ASO treatment significantly reduced macrophage numbers, Irf5 expression in resident-but not infiltrating-macrophages, and the severity of cystic disease. In addition, IRF5 ASO treatment in 1K Pkd1 mice reduced Il6 expression in resident macrophages, which was correlated with reduced STAT3 phosphorylation and downstream p-STAT3 target gene expression. Conclusions These data suggest that Irf5 promotes inflammatory cytokine production in resident macrophages resulting in accelerated cystogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Zimmerman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jifeng Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lan He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Dustin Z Revell
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Zhang Li
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jung-Shan Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wayne R Fitzgibbon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - E Starr Hazard
- Academic Affairs Faculty and Computational Biology Resource Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gary Hardiman
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - P Darwin Bell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Bradley K Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Takamitsu Saigusa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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He J, Zhou H, Meng J, Zhang S, Li X, Wang S, Shao G, Jin W, Geng X, Zhu S, Yang B. Cardamonin retards progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease via inhibiting renal cyst growth and interstitial fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104751. [PMID: 32151678 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenetic inherited kidney disease characterized by renal progressive fluid-filled cysts and interstitial fibrosis. Inhibiting renal cyst development and interstitial fibrosis has been proven effective in delaying the progression of ADPKD. The purpose of this study was to discover effective drugs from natural products for preventing and treating ADPKD. Candidate compounds were screened from a natural product library by virtual screening. The Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cyst model, embryonic kidney cyst model, and orthologous mouse model of ADPKD were utilized to determine the pharmacological activities of the candidate compounds. Western blot and morphological analysis were used to investigate underlying mechanisms. The experimental results showed that 0.625, 2.5, and 10 μM cardamonin dose-dependently reduced formation and enlargement in MDCK cyst model. Cardamonin also significantly attenuated renal cyst enlargement in ex vivo mouse embryonic kidneys and PKD mouse kidneys. We found that cardamonin inhibited renal cyst development and interstitial fibrosis by downregulating the MAPK, Wnt, mTOR, and transforming growth factor-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathways. Cardamonin significantly inhibits renal cyst development and interstitial fibrosis, suggesting that cardamonin shows promise as a potential therapeutic drug for preventing and treating ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guangying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - William Jin
- Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Parker MI, Nikonova AS, Sun D, Golemis EA. Proliferative signaling by ERBB proteins and RAF/MEK/ERK effectors in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109497. [PMID: 31830556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A primary pathological feature of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the hyperproliferation of epithelial cells in renal tubules, resulting in formation of fluid-filled cysts. The proliferative aspects of the two major forms of PKD-autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD), which arises from mutations in the polycystins PKD1 and PKD2, and autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD), which arises from mutations in PKHD1-has encouraged investigation into protein components of the core cell proliferative machinery as potential drivers of PKD pathogenesis. In this review, we examine the role of signaling by ERBB proteins and their effectors, with a primary focus on ADPKD. The ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR/ERBB1, HER2/ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4) are activated by extracellular ligands, inducing multiple pro-growth signaling cascades; among these, activation of signaling through the RAS GTPase, and the RAF, MEK1/2, and ERK1/2 kinases enhance cell proliferation and restrict apoptosis during renal tubuloepithelial cyst formation. Characteristics of PKD include overexpression and mislocalization of the ERBB receptors and ligands, leading to enhanced activation and increased activity of downstream signaling proteins. The altered regulation of ERBBs and their effectors in PKD is influenced by enhanced activity of SRC kinase, which is promoted by the loss of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and an increase in cAMP-dependent PKA kinase activity that stimulates CFTR, driving the secretory phenotype of ADPKD. We discuss the interplay between ERBB/SRC signaling, and polycystins and their depending signaling, with emphasis on thes changes that affect cell proliferation in cyst expansion, as well as the inflammation-associated fibrogenesis, which characterizes progressive disease. We summarize the current progress of preclinical and clinical trials directed at inhibiting this signaling axis, and discuss potential future strategies that may be productive for controlling PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell I Parker
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA; Molecular & Cell Biology & Genetics (MCBG) Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, 19102, USA
| | - Anna S Nikonova
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA
| | - Danlin Sun
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA; Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 19111, USA.
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49
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Torres JA, Kruger SL, Broderick C, Amarlkhagva T, Agrawal S, Dodam JR, Mrug M, Lyons LA, Weimbs T. Ketosis Ameliorates Renal Cyst Growth in Polycystic Kidney Disease. Cell Metab 2019; 30:1007-1023.e5. [PMID: 31631001 PMCID: PMC6904245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mild reduction in food intake was recently shown to slow polycystic kidney disease (PKD) progression in mouse models, but whether the effect was due to solely reduced calories or some other aspect of the diet has been unclear. We now show that the benefit is due to the induction of ketosis. Time-restricted feeding, without caloric reduction, strongly inhibits mTOR signaling, proliferation, and fibrosis in the affected kidneys in a PKD rat model. A ketogenic diet had a similar effect and led to regression of renal cystic burden. Acute fasting in rat, mouse, and feline models of PKD results in rapid reduction of cyst volume, while oral administration of the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in rats strongly inhibits PKD progression. These results suggest that cystic cells in PKD are metabolically inflexible, which could be exploited by dietary interventions or supplementation with BHB, representing a new therapeutic avenue to treat PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Torres
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Samantha L Kruger
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Caroline Broderick
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Tselmeg Amarlkhagva
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Shagun Agrawal
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - John R Dodam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama and the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA.
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50
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Formica C, Malas T, Balog J, Verburg L, 't Hoen PAC, Peters DJM. Characterisation of transcription factor profiles in polycystic kidney disease (PKD): identification and validation of STAT3 and RUNX1 in the injury/repair response and PKD progression. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1643-1656. [PMID: 31773180 PMCID: PMC6920240 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic renal disease, caused in the majority of the cases by a mutation in either the PKD1 or the PKD2 gene. ADPKD is characterised by a progressive increase in the number and size of cysts, together with fibrosis and distortion of the renal architecture, over the years. This is accompanied by alterations in a complex network of signalling pathways. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well characterised. Previously, we defined the PKD Signature, a set of genes typically dysregulated in PKD across different disease models from a meta-analysis of expression profiles. Given the importance of transcription factors (TFs) in modulating disease, we focused in this paper on characterising TFs from the PKD Signature. Our results revealed that out of the 1515 genes in the PKD Signature, 92 were TFs with altered expression in PKD, and 32 of those were also implicated in tissue injury/repair mechanisms. Validating the dysregulation of these TFs by qPCR in independent PKD and injury models largely confirmed these findings. STAT3 and RUNX1 displayed the strongest activation in cystic kidneys, as demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by qPCR. Using immunohistochemistry, we showed a dramatic increase of expression after renal injury in mice and cystic renal tissue of mice and humans. Our results suggest a role for STAT3 and RUNX1 and their downstream targets in the aetiology of ADPKD and indicate that the meta-analysis approach is a viable strategy for new target discovery in PKD. Key messages We identified a list of transcription factors (TFs) commonly dysregulated in ADPKD. Out of the 92 TFs identified in the PKD Signature, 35% are also involved in injury/repair processes. STAT3 and RUNX1 are the most significantly dysregulated TFs after injury and during PKD progression. STAT3 and RUNX1 activity is increased in cystic compared to non-cystic mouse kidneys. Increased expression of STAT3 and RUNX1 is observed in the nuclei of renal epithelial cells, also in human ADPKD samples.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-019-01852-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Formica
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tareq Malas
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judit Balog
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Verburg
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26/28, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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