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Han X, Zhu Y, Ke J, Zhai Y, Huang M, Zhang X, He H, Zhang X, Zhao X, Guo K, Li X, Han Z, Zhang Y. Progression of m 6A in the tumor microenvironment: hypoxia, immune and metabolic reprogramming. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:331. [PMID: 39033180 PMCID: PMC11271487 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has aroused widespread discussion in the scientific community as a mode of RNA modification. m6A comprises writers, erasers, and readers, which regulates RNA production, nuclear export, and translation and is very important for human health. A large number of studies have found that the regulation of m6A is closely related to the occurrence and invasion of tumors, while the homeostasis and function of the tumor microenvironment (TME) determine the occurrence and development of tumors to some extent. TME is composed of a variety of immune cells (T cells, B cells, etc.) and nonimmune cells (tumor-associated mesenchymal stem cells (TA-MSCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), etc.). Current studies suggest that m6A is involved in regulating the function of various cells in the TME, thereby affecting tumor progression. In this manuscript, we present the composition of m6A and TME, the relationship between m6A methylation and characteristic changes in TME, the role of m6A methylation in TME, and potential therapeutic strategies to provide new perspectives for better treatment of tumors in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Han
- First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Juan Ke
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | | | - Min Huang
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhongyu Han
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Li J, Bai J, Yang Y, Wu Z. Low-protein diet supplemented with 1% L-glutamine improves growth performance, serum biochemistry, redox status, plasma amino acids, and alters fecal microbiota in weaned piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:144-154. [PMID: 38766517 PMCID: PMC11101948 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine, one of the most abundant amino acids in the body, has been shown to exert various beneficial effects in pigs. However, knowledge regarding the role of dietary glutamine in low-protein diet-fed piglets remains scarce. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of L-glutamine on growth performance, serum biochemistry parameters, redox status, amino acids, and fecal microbiota in low-protein diet-fed piglets. A total of 128 healthy crossbred piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 4 replicate pens, with 8 piglets per pen. Piglets in the 4 groups were fed with corn and soybean meal-based low-protein diets (crude protein level, 17%) that contained 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% L-glutamine, respectively, for 28 d. Pigs administered 1% L-glutamine had greater body weight on d 28 and average daily gain (ADG, P < 0.01), whereas a lower feed to gain ratio (F:G) from d 1 to 28 (P < 0.01), compared to the other three groups. Besides, lower body weight on d 14 and 28, ADG, average daily feed intake, and higher F:G from d 15 to 28 and d 1 to 28 were observed in response to 2% and 3% L-glutamine treatments than 0% and 1% L-glutamine treatments (P < 0.01). Moreover, 1% L-glutamine reduced serum glucose, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide concentrations and inhibited aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, myeloperoxidase activities in low-protein diet-fed piglets on d 14, with concomitantly upregulated catalase, total superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione level (P < 0.05). However, dietary 3% L-glutamine enhanced blood urea nitrogen content in pigs on d 14 (P < 0.05). Further investigation revealed that 1% L-glutamine upregulated the serum glutamine, lysine, methionine, tyrosine, and reduced plasma valine content (P < 0.05). Additionally, 1% L-glutamine upregulated the abundance of p_75_a5, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Prevotellaceae_Prevotella, and Gemmiger in the stool of piglets on d 14, with the Streptococcus level being concomitantly reduced (P < 0.05). Collectively, dietary 1% L-glutamine enhances the growth performance and improves serum physiochemical parameters and antioxidative capacity in low-protein diet-fed piglets at an early age, which are associated with an increased synthesis of glutathione by modulating amino acid levels, and the optimization of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Li Y, Yuan S, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Zhang X, Zhang P, Xiao W, Zhang Y, Deng J, Lou S. Long non-coding RNA PXN-AS1 promotes glutamine synthetase-mediated chronic myeloid leukemia BCR::ABL1-independent resistance to Imatinib via cell cycle signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:186. [PMID: 38811958 PMCID: PMC11138077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a common hematological malignancy, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent the primary therapeutic approach for CML. Activation of metabolism signaling pathway has been connected with BCR::ABL1-independent TKIs resistance in CML cells. However, the specific mechanism by which metabolism signaling mediates this drug resistance remains unclear. Here, we identified one relationship between glutamine synthetase (GS) and BCR::ABL1-independent Imatinib resistance in CML cells. METHODS GS and PXN-AS1 in bone marrow samples of CML patients with Imatinib resistance (IR) were screened and detected by whole transcriptome sequencing. GS expression was upregulated using LVs and blocked using shRNAs respectively, then GS expression, Gln content, and cell cycle progression were respectively tested. The CML IR mice model were established by tail vein injection, prognosis of CML IR mice model were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, the ratio of spleen/body weight, HE staining, and IHC. PXN-AS1 level was blocked using shRNAs, and the effects of PXN-AS1 on CML IR cells in vitro and in vivo were tested the same as GS. Several RNA-RNA tools were used to predict the potential target microRNAs binding to both GS and PXN-AS1. RNA mimics and RNA inhibitors were used to explore the mechanism through which PXN-AS1 regulates miR-635 or miR-635 regulates GS. RESULTS GS was highly expressed in the bone marrow samples of CML patients with Imatinib resistance. In addition, the lncRNA PXN-AS1 was found to mediate GS expression and disorder cell cycle in CML IR cells via mTOR signaling pathway. PXN-AS1 regulated GS expression by binding to miR-635. Additionally, knockdown of PXN-AS1 attenuated BCR::ABL1-independent Imatinib resistance in CML cells via PXN-AS1/miR-635/GS/Gln/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Thus, PXN-AS1 promotes GS-mediated BCR::ABL1-independent Imatinib resistance in CML cells via cell cycle signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Shiyi Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400316, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wenrui Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Jianchuan Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Shifeng Lou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Free TJ, Talley JP, Hyer CD, Miller CJ, Griffitts JS, Bundy BC. Engineering the Signal Resolution of a Paper-Based Cell-Free Glutamine Biosensor with Genetic Engineering, Metabolic Engineering, and Process Optimization. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3073. [PMID: 38793927 PMCID: PMC11124800 DOI: 10.3390/s24103073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Specialized cancer treatments have the potential to exploit glutamine dependence to increase patient survival rates. Glutamine diagnostics capable of tracking a patient's response to treatment would enable a personalized treatment dosage to optimize the tradeoff between treatment success and dangerous side effects. Current clinical glutamine testing requires sophisticated and expensive lab-based tests, which are not broadly available on a frequent, individualized basis. To address the need for a low-cost, portable glutamine diagnostic, this work engineers a cell-free glutamine biosensor to overcome assay background and signal-to-noise limitations evident in previously reported studies. The findings from this work culminate in the development of a shelf-stable, paper-based, colorimetric glutamine test with a high signal strength and a high signal-to-background ratio for dramatically improved signal resolution. While the engineered glutamine test is important progress towards improving the management of cancer and other health conditions, this work also expands the assay development field of the promising cell-free biosensing platform, which can facilitate the low-cost detection of a broad variety of target molecules with high clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Free
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Joseph P. Talley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Chad D. Hyer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Catherine J. Miller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Joel S. Griffitts
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Bradley C. Bundy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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5
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Novotná K, Tenora L, Slusher BS, Rais R. Therapeutic resurgence of 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) through tissue-targeted prodrugs. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2024; 100:157-180. [PMID: 39034051 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The recognition that rapidly proliferating cancer cells rely heavily on glutamine for their survival and growth has renewed interest in the development of glutamine antagonists for cancer therapy. Glutamine plays a pivotal role as a carbon source for synthesizing lipids and metabolites through the TCA cycle, as well as a nitrogen source for synthesis of amino acid and nucleotides. Numerous studies have explored the significance of glutamine metabolism in cancer, providing a robust rationale for targeting this metabolic pathway in cancer treatment. The glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) has been explored as an anticancer therapeutic for nearly six decades. Initial investigations revealed remarkable efficacy in preclinical studies and promising outcomes in early clinical trials. However, further advancement of DON was hindered due to dose-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities as the GI system is highly dependent on glutamine for regulating growth and repair. In an effort to repurpose DON and mitigate gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity concerns, prodrug strategies were utilized. These strategies aimed to enhance the delivery of DON to specific target tissues, such as tumors and the central nervous system (CNS), while sparing DON delivery to normal tissues, particularly the GI tract. When administered at low daily doses, optimized for metabolic inhibition, these prodrugs exhibit remarkable effectiveness without inducing significant toxicity to normal tissues. This approach holds promise for overcoming past challenges associated with DON, offering an avenue for its successful utilization in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Novotná
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Tenora
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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6
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Tan Z, Boyapati K, Tressler CM, Jenkinson NM, Glunde K. Glutamine transporter SLC38A3 promotes breast cancer metastasis via Gsk3β/β-catenin/EMT pathway. Cancer Lett 2024; 586:216653. [PMID: 38309615 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cancer-related cause of death in women. Here we show that solute carrier family 38-member 3 (SLC38A3) is overexpressed in breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and tissues. Our study reveals that SLC38A3 regulates cellular glutamine, glutamate, asparagine, aspartate, alanine, and glutathione (GSH) levels in breast cancer cells. Our data demonstrate that SLC38A3 enhances cell viability, cell migration and invasion in vitro, and promotes tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, while reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, we show that SLC38A3 suppresses the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (Gsk3β), a negative regulator of β-catenin, and increases protein levels of β-catenin, leading to the upregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factors and EMT markers in breast cancer. In summary, we show that SLC38A3 is overexpressed in breast cancer and promotes breast cancer metastasis via the GSK3β/β-catenin/EMT pathway, presenting a novel therapeutic target to explore for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqiong Tan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Keerti Boyapati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin M Tressler
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole M Jenkinson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristine Glunde
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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7
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Guo J, Fan J, Zhang Y, Li M, Jin Z, Shang Y, Zhang H, Kong Y. Progesterone inhibits endometrial cancer growth by inhibiting glutamine metabolism through ASCT2. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20232035. [PMID: 38415405 PMCID: PMC10932743 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20232035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common malignancy that originates from the endometrium and grows in the female reproductive system. Surgeries, as current treatments for cancer, however, cannot meet the fertility needs of young women patients. Thus, progesterone (P4) therapy is indispensable due to its effective temporary preservation of female fertility. Many cancer cells are often accompanied by changes in metabolic phenotypes, and abnormally dependent on the amino acid glutamine. However, whether P4 exerts an effect on EC via glutamine metabolism is unknown. In the present study, we found that P4 could inhibit glutamine metabolism in EC cells and down-regulate the expression of the glutamine transporter ASCT2. This regulation of ASCT2 affects the uptake of glutamine. Furthermore, the in vivo xenograft studies showed that P4 inhibited tumor growth and the expression of key enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism. Our study demonstrated that the direct regulation of glutamine metabolism by P4 and its anticancer effect was mediated through the inhibition of ASCT2. These results provide a mechanism underlying the effects of P4 therapy on EC from the perspective of glutamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianhui Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeen Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuhong Shang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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8
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Hao S, Shen L, Liu P, Yong Q, Wang Y, Zheng X. Development of a prognostic model for muscle-invasive bladder cancer using glutamine metabolism. Comput Biol Med 2024; 171:108223. [PMID: 38430744 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is distinguished by its pronounced invasiveness and unfavorable prognosis. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have emerged as key treatment options for various types of cancer. Altered metabolism is a defining characteristic of cancer cells, and there is mounting evidence suggesting the important role of glutamine metabolism (GM) in tumor metabolism. Nevertheless, the relationship between GM and clinical outcomes, immune microenvironment, and immunotherapy in MIBC remains unknown. METHODS This study employed Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationship between blood metabolites and bladder tumors. We systematically evaluated 373 glutamine metabolism-related genes and identified prognostic-related genes, leading to the construction of a glutamine-associated prognostic model. Further analysis confirmed the correlation between high and low-risk groups with the tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, and tumor mutation burden. Subsequently, we assessed the relationship between the risk score and the sensitivity to various immunotherapies and anticancer drugs. RESULTS We identified 14 blood metabolites at the molecular level that have a causal relationship with bladder tumors. At the gene level, the study discussed differentially expressed GM genes in MIBC. First, we established a risk model predicting overall survival (OS) based on GM genes, confirming its reliable predictive ability in MIBC patients and validated it in a GEO cohort. Additionally, a reliable column line chart was created. Secondly, two distinct molecular subtypes were identified, and the associations between different risk groups and tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration were observed. In addition, the predicted risk values correlated with responses to a broad range of pharmaceutical agents. CONCLUSION In summary, we confirmed the causal relationship between blood metabolites and bladder tumors. Furthermore, a risk scoring model related to glutamine metabolism consisting of 9 genes was developed. This model could potentially serve as a useful tool for predicting prognosis and guiding the treatment of MIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China; Department of Urology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Pengju Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qin Yong
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yeqiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang D, Hua Z, Li Z. The role of glutamate and glutamine metabolism and related transporters in nerve cells. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14617. [PMID: 38358002 PMCID: PMC10867874 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamate and glutamine are the most abundant amino acids in the blood and play a crucial role in cell survival in the nervous system. Various transporters found in cell and mitochondrial membranes, such as the solute carriers (SLCs) superfamily, are responsible for maintaining the balance of glutamate and glutamine in the synaptic cleft and within cells. This balance affects the metabolism of glutamate and glutamine as non-essential amino acids. AIMS This review aims to provide an overview of the transporters and enzymes associated with glutamate and glutamine in neuronal cells. DISCUSSION We delve into the function of glutamate and glutamine in the nervous system by discussing the transporters involved in the glutamate-glutamine cycle and the key enzymes responsible for their mutual conversion. Additionally, we highlight the role of glutamate and glutamine as carbon and nitrogen donors, as well as their significance as precursors for the synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH). CONCLUSION Glutamate and glutamine play a crucial role in the brain due to their special effects. It is essential to focus on understanding glutamate and glutamine metabolism to comprehend the physiological behavior of nerve cells and to treat nervous system disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhang
- Department of PediatricsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic DiseasesShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Zhongyan Hua
- Department of PediatricsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic DiseasesShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of PediatricsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic DiseasesShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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10
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Li S, Peng M, Tan S, Oyang L, Lin J, Xia L, Wang J, Wu N, Jiang X, Peng Q, Zhou Y, Liao Q. The roles and molecular mechanisms of non-coding RNA in cancer metabolic reprogramming. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:37. [PMID: 38238756 PMCID: PMC10795359 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the key features of cancer is energy metabolic reprogramming which is tightly related to cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. NcRNAs are a class of RNAs having no protein-coding potential and mainly include microRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Accumulated evidence has suggested that ncRNAs play an essential role in regulating cancer metabolic reprogramming, and the altered metabolic networks mediated by ncRNAs primarily drive carcinogenesis by regulating the expression of metabolic enzymes and transporter proteins. Importantly, accumulated research has revealed that dysregulated ncRNAs mediate metabolic reprogramming contributing to the generation of therapeutic tolerance. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of ncRNAs in cancer metabolic reprogramming can provide promising metabolism-related therapeutic targets for treatment as well as overcome therapeutic tolerance. In conclusion, this review updates the latest molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs related to cancer metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Mingjing Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiewen Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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11
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Wu Z, Li N, Gao Y, Cao L, Yao X, Peng Q. Glutamine metabolism-related genes and immunotherapy in nonspecific orbital inflammation were validated using bioinformatics and machine learning. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 38233749 PMCID: PMC10795212 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI) is an idiopathic, persistent, and proliferative inflammatory condition affecting the orbit, characterized by polymorphous lymphoid infiltration. Its pathogenesis and progression have been linked to imbalances in tumor metabolic pathways, with glutamine (Gln) metabolism emerging as a critical aspect in cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is known to influence clinical outcomes in various malignancies. However, comprehensive research on glutamine metabolism's significance in NSOI is lacking. METHODS This study conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify and validate potential glutamine-related molecules (GlnMgs) associated with NSOI. The discovery of GlnMgs involved the intersection of differential expression analysis with a set of 42 candidate GlnMgs. The biological functions and pathways of the identified GlnMgs were analyzed using GSEA and GSVA. Lasso regression and SVM-RFE methods identified hub genes and assessed the diagnostic efficacy of fourteen GlnMgs in NSOI. The correlation between hub GlnMgs and clinical characteristics was also examined. The expression levels of the fourteen GlnMgs were validated using datasets GSE58331 and GSE105149. RESULTS Fourteen GlnMgs related to NSOI were identified, including FTCD, CPS1, CTPS1, NAGS, DDAH2, PHGDH, GGT1, GCLM, GLUD1, ART4, AADAT, ASNSD1, SLC38A1, and GFPT2. Biological function analysis indicated their involvement in responses to extracellular stimulus, mitochondrial matrix, and lipid transport. The diagnostic performance of these GlnMgs in distinguishing NSOI showed promising results. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully identified fourteen GlnMgs associated with NSOI, providing insights into potential novel biomarkers for NSOI and avenues for monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying, Shandong, 257091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liyuan Cao
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, China.
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12
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Hagihara M, Kato H, Yamashita M, Shibata Y, Umemura T, Mori T, Hirai J, Asai N, Mori N, Mikamo H. Lung cancer progression alters lung and gut microbiomes and lipid metabolism. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23509. [PMID: 38169741 PMCID: PMC10758782 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in medical technology, lung cancer still has one of the highest mortality rates among all malignancies. Therefore, efforts must be made to understand the precise mechanisms underlying lung cancer development. In this study, we conducted lung and gut microbiome analyses and a comprehensive lipid metabolome analysis of host tissues to assess their correlation. Alternations in the lung microbiome due to lung cancer, such as a significantly decreased abundance of Firmicutes and Deferribacterota, were observed compared to a mock group. However, mice with lung cancer had significantly lower relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and higher relative abundances of Cyanobacteria and Patescibacteria in the gut microbiome. The activations of retinol, fatty acid metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism metabolic pathways in the lung and gut microbiomes was inversely correlated. Additionally, changes occurred in lipid metabolites not only in the lungs but also in the blood, small intestine, and colon. Compared to the mock group, mice with lung cancer showed that the levels of adrenic, palmitic, stearic, and oleic (a ω-9 polyunsaturated fatty acid) acids increased in the lungs. Conversely, these metabolites consistently decreased in the blood (serum) and colon. Leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 exacerbate lung cancer, and were upregulated in the lungs of the mice with lung cancer. However, isohumulone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activator, and resolvin (an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) both have anti-cancer effects, and were upregulated in the small intestine and colon. Our multi-omics data revealed that shifts in the microbiome and metabolome occur during the development of lung cancer and are of possible clinical importance. These results reveal one of the gut-lung axis mechanisms related to lung cancer and provide insights into potential new targets for lung cancer treatment and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideo Kato
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shibata
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Hirai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Asai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
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13
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Liu M, Liu X, Qiao J, Cao B. Silibinin suppresses glioblastoma cell growth, invasion, stemness, and glutamine metabolism by YY1/SLC1A5 pathway. Transl Neurosci 2024; 15:20220333. [PMID: 38410123 PMCID: PMC10896183 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Silibinin has been found to inhibit glioblastoma (GBM) progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which Silibinin regulates GBM process remains unclear. Methods GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and stemness are assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and sphere formation assay. Western blot is used to measure the protein expression levels of apoptosis-related markers, solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5), and Yin Yang-1 (YY1). Glutamine consumption, glutamate production, and α-ketoglutarate production are detected to evaluate glutamine metabolism in cells. Also, SLC1A5 and YY1 mRNA levels are examined using quantitative real-time PCR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay are used to detect the interaction between YY1 and SLC1A5. Mice xenograft models are constructed to explore Silibinin roles in vivo. Results Silibinin inhibits GBM cell proliferation, invasion, stemness, and glutamine metabolism, while promotes apoptosis. SLC1A5 is upregulated in GBM and its expression is decreased by Silibinin. SLC1A5 overexpression abolishes the anti-tumor effect of Silibinin in GBM cells. Transcription factor YY1 binds to SLC1A5 promoter region to induce SLC1A5 expression, and the inhibition effect of YY1 knockdown on GBM cell growth, invasion, stemness, and glutamine metabolism can be reversed by SLC1A5 overexpression. In addition, Silibinin reduces GBM tumor growth by regulating YY1/SLC1A5 pathway. Conclusion Silibinin plays an anti-tumor role in GBM process, which may be achieved via inhibiting YY1/SLC1A5 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, 12 Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou City, 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xipeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, 12 Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou City, 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jianxin Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, 12 Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou City, 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, 12 Changqing Road, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou City, 075000, Hebei Province, China
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14
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Shen X, Wang G, He H, Shang P, Yan B, Wang X, Shen W. SLC38A5 promotes glutamine metabolism and inhibits cisplatin chemosensitivity in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:96-104. [PMID: 37914960 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute carrier family 38 member 5 (SLC38A5), as an amino acid transporter, play a vital role in cellular biological processes. In this study, we analyzed the function of SLC38A5 and its potential mechanism in breast cancer (BC) progression. METHODS The expression of SLC38A5 in cancer and adjacent-normal tissues was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot, and its correlation with patient prognosis was analyzed. The immunohistochemical staining of cancer tissues and adjacent-normal tissues was performed on SLC38A5-positive specimens. BC mice were successfully applied to examine the role of SLC38A5 on tumor proliferation using the CCK-8 assay. In BC cells and mouse tumor tissues, SLC38A5 and PCNA expression were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS The study found that SLC38A5 was highly expressed in BC patients and associated with a poor survival. SLC38A5 silencing inhibited BC cell viability and glutamine uptake. In addition, SLC38A5 overexpression promoted BC cell viability via the glutamine metabolism. SLC38A5 inhibited cisplatin chemosensitivity in BC cells. Importantly, SLC38A5 silencing inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that SLC38A5 enhances BC cell viability by glutamine metabolism, inhibits the chemical sensitivity of cisplatin in BC cells, and promotes tumor growth, emphasizing the clinical relevance of SLC38A5 in BC management as a novel potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China.
| | - Ganggang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Ping Shang
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Weixing Shen
- Department of General Surgery, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, QingPu District Central Hospital Shanghai, No. 1158, Gong Yuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
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15
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Jia Y, Zou K, Zou L. Research progress of metabolomics in cervical cancer. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:586. [PMID: 38093395 PMCID: PMC10717910 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer threatens women's health seriously. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer is on the rise, and the age of onset tends to be younger. Prevention, early diagnosis and specific treatment have become the main means to change the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Metabolomics research can directly reflect the changes of biochemical processes and microenvironment in the body, which can provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes of metabolites in the process of disease occurrence and development, and provide new ways for the prevention and diagnosis of diseases. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to review the metabolic changes in cervical cancer and the application of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2022. RESULTS With the emergence of metabolomics, metabolic regulation and cancer research are further becoming a focus of attention. By directly reflecting the changes in the microenvironment of the body, metabolomics research can provide a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of metabolites in the occurrence and development of diseases, thus providing new ideas for disease prevention and diagnosis. CONCLUSION With the continuous, in-depth research on metabolomics research technology, it will bring more benefits in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer with its advantages of holistic and dynamic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jia
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
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16
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Farahzadi R, Valipour B, Fathi E, Pirmoradi S, Molavi O, Montazersaheb S, Sanaat Z. Oxidative stress regulation and related metabolic pathways in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:342. [PMID: 38017510 PMCID: PMC10685711 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell remodeling process in which epithelial cells undergo a reversible phenotype switch via the loss of adhesion capacity and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. In other words, EMT activation can increase invasiveness and metastatic properties, and prevent the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutics, as mesenchymal cells have a higher resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. EMT is orchestrated by a complex and multifactorial network, often linked to episodic, transient, or partial events. A variety of factors have been implicated in EMT development. Based on this concept, multiple metabolic pathways and master transcription factors, such as Snail, Twist, and ZEB, can drive the EMT. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a significant role in EMT induction. One emerging theory is that reducing mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species production may contribute to EMT development. This review describes how metabolic pathways and transcription factors are linked to EMT induction and addresses the involvement of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Pirmoradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Zhang M, Zhang Z, Tian X, Zhang E, Wang Y, Tang J, Zhao J. NEDD4L in human tumors: regulatory mechanisms and dual effects on anti-tumor and pro-tumor. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1291773. [PMID: 38027016 PMCID: PMC10666796 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1291773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis and tumor development are closely related to the abnormal regulation of ubiquitination. Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (NEDD4L), an E3 ubiquitin ligase critical to the ubiquitination process, plays key roles in the regulation of cancer stem cells, as well as tumor cell functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor drug resistance, by controlling subsequent protein degradation through ubiquitination. NEDD4L primarily functions as a tumor suppressor in several tumors but also plays an oncogenic role in certain tumors. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the relevant signaling pathways of NEDD4L in tumors, the regulatory mechanisms of its upstream regulatory molecules and downstream substrates, and the resulting functional alterations. Overall, therapeutic strategies targeting NEDD4L to treat cancer may be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenyong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Enchong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianzhu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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18
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Galvan C, Flores A, Cerrillos V, Avila I, Murphy C, Zheng W, To TT, Christofk HR, Lowry WE. Defining metabolic flexibility in hair follicle stem cell induced squamous cell carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562128. [PMID: 37905122 PMCID: PMC10614763 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Among the numerous changes associated with the transformation to cancer, cellular metabolism is one of the first discovered and most prominent[1, 2]. However, despite the knowledge that nearly every cancer is associated with the strong upregulation of various metabolic pathways, there has yet to be much clinical progress on the treatment of cancer by targeting a single metabolic enzyme directly[3-6]. We previously showed that inhibition of glycolysis through lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) deletion in cancer cells of origin had no effect on the initiation or progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma[7], suggesting that these cancers are metabolically flexible enough to produce the necessary metabolites required for sustained growth in the absence of glycolysis. Here we focused on glutaminolysis, another metabolic pathway frequently implicated as important for tumorigenesis in correlative studies. We genetically blocked glutaminolysis through glutaminase (GLS) deletion in cancer cells of origin, and found that this had little effect on tumorigenesis, similar to what we previously showed for blocking glycolysis. Tumors with genetic deletion of glutaminolysis instead upregulated lactate consumption and utilization for the TCA cycle, providing further evidence of metabolic flexibility. We also found that the metabolic flexibility observed upon inhibition of glycolysis or glutaminolysis is due to post-transcriptional changes in the levels of plasma membrane lactate and glutamine transporters. To define the limits of metabolic flexibility in cancer initiating hair follicle stem cells, we genetically blocked both glycolysis and glutaminolysis simultaneously and found that frank carcinoma was not compatible with abrogation of both of these carbon utilization pathways. These data point towards metabolic flexibility mediated by regulation of nutrient consumption, and suggest that treatment of cancer through metabolic manipulation will require multiple interventions on distinct pathways.
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Ammar N, Hildebrandt M, Geismann C, Röder C, Gemoll T, Sebens S, Trauzold A, Schäfer H. Monocarboxylate Transporter-1 (MCT1)-Mediated Lactate Uptake Protects Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells from Oxidative Stress during Glutamine Scarcity Thereby Promoting Resistance against Inhibitors of Glutamine Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1818. [PMID: 37891897 PMCID: PMC10604597 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic compartmentalization of stroma-rich tumors, like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), greatly contributes to malignancy. This involves cancer cells importing lactate from the microenvironment (reverse Warburg cells) through monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1) along with substantial phenotype alterations. Here, we report that the reverse Warburg phenotype of PDAC cells compensated for the shortage of glutamine as an essential metabolite for redox homeostasis. Thus, oxidative stress caused by glutamine depletion led to an Nrf2-dependent induction of MCT1 expression in pancreatic T3M4 and A818-6 cells. Moreover, greater MCT1 expression was detected in glutamine-scarce regions within tumor tissues from PDAC patients. MCT1-driven lactate uptake supported the neutralization of reactive oxygen species excessively produced under glutamine shortage and the resulting drop in glutathione levels that were restored by the imported lactate. Consequently, PDAC cells showed greater survival and growth under glutamine depletion when utilizing lactate through MCT1. Likewise, the glutamine uptake inhibitor V9302 and glutaminase-1 inhibitor CB839 induced oxidative stress in PDAC cells, along with cell death and cell cycle arrest that were again compensated by MCT1 upregulation and forced lactate uptake. Our findings show a novel mechanism by which PDAC cells adapt their metabolism to glutamine scarcity and by which they develop resistance against anticancer treatments based on glutamine uptake/metabolism inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhane Ammar
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.A.); (M.H.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Maya Hildebrandt
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.A.); (M.H.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Claudia Geismann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Philosophenweg 36, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany;
| | - Christian Röder
- TriBanK, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology & Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.A.); (M.H.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
- TriBanK, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Ania Trauzold
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.A.); (M.H.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Bldg. U30, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.A.); (M.H.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
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20
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Wang L, Deng C, Wu Z, Zhu K, Yang Z. Bioinformatics and machine learning were used to validate glutamine metabolism-related genes and immunotherapy in osteoporosis patients. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:685. [PMID: 37710308 PMCID: PMC10503203 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP), often referred to as the "silent disease of the twenty-first century," poses a significant public health concern due to its severity, chronic nature, and progressive course, predominantly affecting postmenopausal women and elderly individuals. The pathogenesis and progression of this disease have been associated with dysregulation in tumor metabolic pathways. Notably, the metabolic utilization of glutamine has emerged as a critical player in cancer biology. While metabolic reprogramming has been extensively studied in various malignancies and linked to clinical outcomes, its comprehensive investigation within the context of OP remains lacking. METHODS This study aimed to identify and validate potential glutamine metabolism genes (GlnMgs) associated with OP through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The identification of GlnMgs was achieved by integrating the weighted gene co-expression network analysis and a set of 28 candidate GlnMgs. Subsequently, the putative biological functions and pathways associated with GlnMgs were elucidated using gene set variation analysis. The LASSO method was employed to identify key hub genes, and the diagnostic efficacy of five selected GlnMgs in OP detection was assessed. Additionally, the relationship between hub GlnMgs and clinical characteristics was investigated. Finally, the expression levels of the five GlnMgs were validated using independent datasets (GSE2208, GSE7158, GSE56815, and GSE35956). RESULTS Five GlnMgs, namely IGKC, TMEM187, RPS11, IGLL3P, and GOLGA8N, were identified in this study. To gain insights into their biological functions, particular emphasis was placed on synaptic transmission GABAergic, inward rectifier potassium channel activity, and the cytoplasmic side of the lysosomal membrane. Furthermore, the diagnostic potential of these five GlnMgs in distinguishing individuals with OP yielded promising results, indicating their efficacy as discriminative markers for OP. CONCLUSIONS This study discovered five GlnMgs that are linked to OP. They shed light on potential new biomarkers for OP and tracking its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chaosheng Deng
- The Third People Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kaidong Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhenguo Yang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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21
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Tian R, Li Y, Shen X, Li Y. Targeting PTBP1 blocks glutamine metabolism to improve the cisplatin sensitivity of hepatocarcinoma cells through modulating the mRNA stability of glutaminase. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230756. [PMID: 37724122 PMCID: PMC10505300 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently diagnosed malignancy with a high mortality rate. Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely applied anti-cancer drug. However, a large population of liver cancer patients developed CDDP resistance. The polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTBP1) is an RNA-binding protein involving in progressions of diverse cancers. Here we report PTBP1 was significantly upregulated in liver tumors and cell lines. Silencing PTBP1 effectively sensitized HCC cells to CDDP. From the established CDDP-resistant HCC cell line (HepG2 CDDP Res), we observed that CDDP-resistant cells were more sensitive to CDDP under low glutamine supply compared with that in HCC parental cells. CDDP-resistant HCC cells displayed elevated glutamine metabolism rate. Consistently, PTBP1 promotes glutamine uptake and the glutamine metabolism key enzyme, glutaminase (GLS) expression. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the 3'-UTR of GLS mRNA contained PTBP1 binding motifs which were further validated by RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. PTBP1 associated with GLS 3'-UTR to stabilize GLS mRNA in HCC cells. Finally, we demonstrated that the PTBP1-promoted CDDP resistance of HCC cells was through modulating the GLS-glutamine metabolism axis. Summarily, our findings uncovered a PTBP1-mediated CDDP resistance pathway in HCC, suggesting that PTBP1 is a promisingly therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Tian
- Liver Diseases Branch, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Infectious, People’s Hospital of Huan County,
Qingyang, Gansu, 745700, China
| | - Xiaojie Shen
- Department of Infectious, People’s Hospital of Huan County,
Qingyang, Gansu, 745700, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Infectious, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, No. 7 Sudi South Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
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22
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Bornstein R, Mulholland MT, Sedensky M, Morgan P, Johnson SC. Glutamine metabolism in diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103887. [PMID: 37586651 PMCID: PMC10773532 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction can arise from genetic defects or environmental exposures and impact a wide range of biological processes. Among these are metabolic pathways involved in glutamine catabolism, anabolism, and glutamine-glutamate cycling. In recent years, altered glutamine metabolism has been found to play important roles in the pathologic consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction. Glutamine is a pleiotropic molecule, not only providing an alternate carbon source to glucose in certain conditions, but also playing unique roles in cellular communication in neurons and astrocytes. Glutamine consumption and catabolic flux can be significantly altered in settings of genetic mitochondrial defects or exposure to mitochondrial toxins, and alterations to glutamine metabolism appears to play a particularly significant role in neurodegenerative diseases. These include primary mitochondrial diseases like Leigh syndrome (subacute necrotizing encephalopathy) and MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy with encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes), as well as complex age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Pharmacologic interventions targeting glutamine metabolizing and catabolizing pathways appear to provide some benefits in cell and animal models of these diseases, indicating glutamine metabolism may be a clinically relevant target. In this review, we discuss glutamine metabolism, mitochondrial disease, the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on glutamine metabolic processes, glutamine in neurodegeneration, and candidate targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bornstein
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Michael T Mulholland
- Department of Applied Sciences, Translational Bioscience, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Margaret Sedensky
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Phil Morgan
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Simon C Johnson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Applied Sciences, Translational Bioscience, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK.
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23
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Cooper AJL, Dorai T, Pinto JT, Denton TT. Metabolic Heterogeneity, Plasticity, and Adaptation to "Glutamine Addiction" in Cancer Cells: The Role of Glutaminase and the GTωA [Glutamine Transaminase-ω-Amidase (Glutaminase II)] Pathway. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1131. [PMID: 37627015 PMCID: PMC10452834 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers utilize l-glutamine as a major energy source. Often cited in the literature as "l-glutamine addiction", this well-characterized pathway involves hydrolysis of l-glutamine by a glutaminase to l-glutamate, followed by oxidative deamination, or transamination, to α-ketoglutarate, which enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, mammalian tissues/cancers possess a rarely mentioned, alternative pathway (the glutaminase II pathway): l-glutamine is transaminated to α-ketoglutaramate (KGM), followed by ω-amidase (ωA)-catalyzed hydrolysis of KGM to α-ketoglutarate. The name glutaminase II may be confused with the glutaminase 2 (GLS2) isozyme. Thus, we recently renamed the glutaminase II pathway the "glutamine transaminase-ω-amidase (GTωA)" pathway. Herein, we summarize the metabolic importance of the GTωA pathway, including its role in closing the methionine salvage pathway, and as a source of anaplerotic α-ketoglutarate. An advantage of the GTωA pathway is that there is no net change in redox status, permitting α-ketoglutarate production during hypoxia, diminishing cellular energy demands. We suggest that the ability to coordinate control of both pathways bestows a metabolic advantage to cancer cells. Finally, we discuss possible benefits of GTωA pathway inhibitors, not only as aids to studying the normal biological roles of the pathway but also as possible useful anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J. L. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (T.D.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Thambi Dorai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (T.D.); (J.T.P.)
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - John T. Pinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (T.D.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Travis T. Denton
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA 99164, USA
- Steve Gleason Institute for Neuroscience, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA 99164, USA
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Kobayashi H, Yoshimoto C, Matsubara S, Shigetomi H, Imanaka S. A comprehensive overview of recent developments on the mechanisms and pathways of ferroptosis in cancer: the potential implications for therapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:547-566. [PMID: 37842240 PMCID: PMC10571061 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to environmental changes and alter their metabolic pathways to promote survival and proliferation. Metabolic reprogramming not only allows tumor cells to maintain a reduction-oxidation balance by rewiring resources for survival, but also causes nutrient addiction or metabolic vulnerability. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. Excess iron in ovarian cancer amplifies free oxidative radicals and drives the Fenton reaction, thereby inducing ferroptosis. However, ovarian cancer is characterized by ferroptosis resistance. Therefore, the induction of ferroptosis is an exciting new targeted therapy for ovarian cancer. In this review, potential metabolic pathways targeting ferroptosis were summarized to promote anticancer effects, and current knowledge and future perspectives on ferroptosis for ovarian cancer therapy were discussed. Two therapeutic strategies were highlighted in this review: directly inducing the ferroptosis pathway and targeting metabolic vulnerabilities that affect ferroptosis. The overexpression of SLC7A11, a cystine/glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 (also known as xCT), is involved in the suppression of ferroptosis. xCT inhibition by ferroptosis inducers (e.g., erastin) can promote cell death when carbon as an energy source of glucose, glutamine, or fatty acids is abundant. On the contrary, xCT regulation has been reported to be highly dependent on the metabolic vulnerability. Drugs that target intrinsic metabolic vulnerabilities (e.g., GLUT1 inhibitors, PDK4 inhibitors, or glutaminase inhibitors) predispose cancer cells to death, which is triggered by decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate generation or increased reactive oxygen species accumulation. Therefore, therapeutic approaches that either directly inhibit the xCT pathway or target metabolic vulnerabilities may be effective in overcoming ferroptosis resistance. Real-time monitoring of changes in metabolic pathways may aid in selecting personalized treatment modalities. Despite the rapid development of ferroptosis-inducing agents, therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic vulnerability remain in their infancy. Thus, further studies must be conducted to comprehensively understand the precise mechanism linking metabolic rewiring with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Ms.Clinic MayOne, Kashihara 634-0813, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Chiharu Yoshimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, Japan
| | - Sho Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Kei Oushin Clinic, Nishinomiya 663-8184, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shigetomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Aska Ladies Clinic, Nara 634-0001, Japan
| | - Shogo Imanaka
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Ms.Clinic MayOne, Kashihara 634-0813, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
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Liu D, Wang H, Li X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Hu J. Small molecule inhibitors for cancer metabolism: promising prospects to be explored. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8051-8076. [PMID: 37002510 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal metabolism is the main hallmark of cancer, and cancer metabolism plays an important role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, studying the changes of tumor metabolic pathways is beneficial to find targets for the treatment of cancer diseases. The success of metabolism-targeted chemotherapy suggests that cancer metabolism research will provide potential new targets for the treatment of malignant tumors. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to systemically review recent research findings on targeted inhibitors of tumor metabolism. In addition, we summarized new insights into tumor metabolic reprogramming and discussed how to guide the exploration of new strategies for cancer-targeted therapy. CONCLUSION Cancer cells have shown various altered metabolic pathways, providing sufficient fuel for their survival. The combination of these pathways is considered to be a more useful method for screening multilateral pathways. Better understanding of the clinical research progress of small molecule inhibitors of potential targets of tumor metabolism will help to explore more effective cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - HongPing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - XingXing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - JiFang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - YanLing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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26
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Skubisz K, Dąbkowski K, Samborowska E, Starzyńska T, Deskur A, Ambrozkiewicz F, Karczmarski J, Radkiewicz M, Kusnierz K, Kos-Kudła B, Sulikowski T, Cybula P, Paziewska A. Serum Metabolite Biomarkers for Pancreatic Tumors: Neuroendocrine and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas-A Preliminary Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3242. [PMID: 37370852 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the most common pancreatic solid malignancy with an aggressive clinical course and low survival rate. There are a limited number of reliable prognostic biomarkers and a need to understand the pathogenesis of pancreatic tumors; neuroendocrine (PNET) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) encouraged us to analyze the serum metabolome of pancreatic tumors and disturbances in the metabolism of PDAC and PNET. METHODS Using the AbsoluteIDQ® p180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria) with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we identified changes in metabolite profiles and disrupted metabolic pathways serum of NET and PDAC patients. RESULTS The concentration of six metabolites showed statistically significant differences between the control group and PDAC patients (p.adj < 0.05). Glutamine (Gln), acetylcarnitine (C2), and citrulline (Cit) presented a lower concentration in the serum of PDAC patients, while phosphatidylcholine aa C32:0 (PC aa C32:0), sphingomyelin C26:1 (SM C26:1), and glutamic acid (Glu) achieved higher concentrations compared to serum samples from healthy individuals. Five of the tested metabolites: C2 (FC = 8.67), and serotonin (FC = 2.68) reached higher concentration values in the PNET serum samples compared to PDAC, while phosphatidylcholine aa C34:1 (PC aa C34:1) (FC = -1.46 (0.68)) had a higher concentration in the PDAC samples. The area under the curves (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves presented diagnostic power to discriminate pancreatic tumor patients, which were highest for acylcarnitines: C2 with AUC = 0.93, serotonin with AUC = 0.85, and PC aa C34:1 with AUC = 0.86. CONCLUSIONS The observations presented provide better insight into the metabolism of pancreatic tumors, and improve the diagnosis and classification of tumors. Serum-circulating metabolites can be easily monitored without invasive procedures and show the present clinical patients' condition, helping with pharmacological treatment or dietary strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Skubisz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Pediatric Hospital of Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dąbkowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Emilia Samborowska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Starzyńska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Deskur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Karczmarski
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Radkiewicz
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kusnierz
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumours, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Sulikowski
- Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Gastroenterological Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Cybula
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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27
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Li H, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Lu X, Miao L. Glutamine metabolism genes prognostic signature for stomach adenocarcinoma and immune infiltration: potential biomarkers for predicting overall survival. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1201297. [PMID: 37377916 PMCID: PMC10292820 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1201297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), caused by mutations in stomach cells, is characterized by poor overall survival. Chemotherapy is commonly administered for stomach cancer patients following surgical resection. An imbalance in tumor metabolic pathways is connected to tumor genesis and growth. It has been discovered that glutamine (Gln) metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is associated with clinical prognosis in various cancers. However, the role of glutamine metabolism genes (GlnMgs) in the fight against STAD remains poorly understood. Methods GlnMgs were determined in STAD samples from the TCGA and GEO datasets. The TCGA and GEO databases provide information on stemness indices (mRNAsi), gene mutations, copy number variations (CNV), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and clinical characteristics. Lasso regression was performed to build the prediction model. The relationship between gene expression and Gln metabolism was investigated using co-expression analysis. Results GlnMgs, found to be overexpressed in the high-risk group even in the absence of any symptomatology, demonstrated strong predictive potential for STAD outcomes. GSEA highlighted immunological and tumor-related pathways in the high-risk group. Immune function and m6a gene expression differed significantly between the low- and high-risk groups. AFP, CST6, CGB5, and ELANE may be linked to the oncology process in STAD patients. The prognostic model, CNVs, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and medication sensitivity all revealed a strong link to the gene. Conclusion GlnMgs are connected to the genesis and development of STAD. These corresponding prognostic models aid in predicting the prognosis of STAD GlnMgs and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may be possible therapeutic targets in STAD. Furthermore, the glutamine metabolism gene signature presents a credible alternative for predicting STAD outcomes, suggesting that these GlnMgs could open a new field of study for STAD-focused therapy Additional trials are needed to validate the results of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Miao
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Li M, Wei J, Xue C, Zhou X, Chen S, Zheng L, Duan Y, Deng H, Xiong W, Tang F, Li G, Zhou M. Dissecting the roles and clinical potential of YY1 in the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1122110. [PMID: 37081988 PMCID: PMC10110844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) is a member of the GLI-Kruppel family of zinc finger proteins and plays a vital dual biological role in cancer as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor during tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is identified as the “soil” of tumor that has a critical role in both tumor growth and metastasis. Many studies have found that YY1 is closely related to the remodeling and regulation of the TME. Herein, we reviewed the expression pattern of YY1 in tumors and summarized the function and mechanism of YY1 in regulating tumor angiogenesis, immune and metabolism. In addition, we discussed the potential value of YY1 in tumor diagnosis and treatment and provided a novel molecular strategy for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- MengNa Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - JianXia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - ChangNing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - XiangTing Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - ShiPeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - LeMei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - YuMei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - HongYu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - FaQing Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - GuiYuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health Commission, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Zhou,
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29
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Syamprasad NP, Jain S, Rajdev B, Prasad N, Kallipalli R, Naidu VGM. Aldose reductase and cancer metabolism: The master regulator in the limelight. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115528. [PMID: 37011733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
It is strongly established that metabolic reprogramming mediates the initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of cancers. However, there is no common biomarker identified to link the dysregulated metabolism and cancer progression. Recent studies strongly advise the involvement of aldose reductase (AR) in cancer metabolism. AR-mediated glucose metabolism creates a Warburg-like effect and an acidic tumour microenvironment in cancer cells. Moreover, AR overexpression is associated with the impairment of mitochondria and the accumulation of free fatty acids in cancer cells. Further, AR-mediated reduction of lipid aldehydes and chemotherapeutics are involved in the activation of factors promoting proliferation and chemo-resistance. In this review, we have delineated the possible mechanisms by which AR modulates cellular metabolism for cancer proliferation and survival. An in-depth understanding of cancer metabolism and the role of AR might lead to the use of AR inhibitors as metabolic modulating agents for the therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Syamprasad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Siddhi Jain
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Bishal Rajdev
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Neethu Prasad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Ravindra Kallipalli
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Sila Village, Changsari, Assam 781101, India.
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Bernal-Tirapo J, Bayo Jiménez MT, Yuste-García P, Cordova I, Peñas A, García-Borda FJ, Quintela C, Prieto I, Sánchez-Ramos C, Ferrero-Herrero E, Monsalve M. Evaluation of Mitochondrial Function in Blood Samples Shows Distinct Patterns in Subjects with Thyroid Carcinoma from Those with Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076453. [PMID: 37047426 PMCID: PMC10094811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic adaptations are a hallmark of cancer and may be exploited to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Only about 50% of the patients who undergo thyroidectomy due to suspicion of thyroid cancer actually have the disease, highlighting the diagnostic limitations of current tools. We explored the possibility of using non-invasive blood tests to accurately diagnose thyroid cancer. We analyzed blood and thyroid tissue samples from two independent cohorts of patients undergoing thyroidectomy at the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Madrid, Spain). As expected, histological comparisons of thyroid cancer and hyperplasia revealed higher proliferation and apoptotic rates and enhanced vascular alterations in the former. Notably, they also revealed increased levels of membrane-bound phosphorylated AKT, suggestive of enhanced glycolysis, and alterations in mitochondrial sub-cellular distribution. Both characteristics are common metabolic adaptations in primary tumors. These data together with reduced mtDNA copy number and elevated levels of the mitochondrial antioxidant PRX3 in cancer tissue samples suggest the presence of mitochondrial oxidative stress. In plasma, cancer patients showed higher levels of cfDNA and mtDNA. Of note, mtDNA plasma levels inversely correlated with those in the tissue, suggesting that higher death rates were linked to lower mtDNA copy number. In PBMCs, cancer patients showed higher levels of PGC-1α, a positive regulator of mitochondrial function, but this increase was not associated with a corresponding induction of its target genes, suggesting a reduced activity in cancer patients. We also observed a significant difference in the PRDX3/PFKFB3 correlation at the gene expression level, between carcinoma and hyperplasia patients, also indicative of increased systemic metabolic stress in cancer patients. The correlation of mtDNA levels in tissue and PBMCs further stressed the interconnection between systemic and tumor metabolism. Evaluation of the mitochondrial gene ND1 in plasma, PBMCs and tissue samples, suggested that it could be a good biomarker for systemic oxidative metabolism, with ND1/mtDNA ratio positively correlating in PBMCs and tissue samples. In contrast, ND4 evaluation would be informative of tumor development, with ND4/mtDNA ratio specifically altered in the tumor context. Taken together, our data suggest that metabolic dysregulation in thyroid cancer can be monitored accurately in blood samples and might be exploited for the accurate discrimination of cancer from hyperplasia.
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Zhou X, Wei P, Wang X, Zhang J, Shi Y. miR-141-3p Promotes the Cisplatin Sensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cell through Targeting the Glutaminase [GLS]-Mediated Glutamine Metabolism. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:177-184. [PMID: 34607540 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211004112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the roles and molecular targets of miRNA-141-3p in the cisplatin sensitivity of osteosarcoma. BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is one of the most common-type bone tumors, occurring mainly in children and adolescents. Cancer cells display dysregulated cellular metabolism, such as the abnormally elevated glutamine metabolism. OBJECTIVE Non-coding RNA miRNA-141-3p has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma. Currently, the precise molecular mechanisms for the miR- 141-3p-mediated chemosensitivity through regulating glutamine metabolism remain unclear. METHODS We collected thirty paired OS tumors and their adjacent normal tissues. The osteosarcoma cell lines [Saos-2] and normal osteoblast cells, hFOB1.19, were used for in vitro experiments. RT-qPCR and Western blot were applied for gene expression detections. Targets of miR-141-3p were predicted from starBase. The MTT and flow cytometric assays were performed to determine cell growth and apoptosis rates. The cellular glutamine metabolism was monitored by glutamine uptake assay and the glutaminase [GLS] activity assay. RESULTS We reported that miR-141-3p were significantly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-141-3p suppressed OS cell growth and sensitized OS cells to cisplatin. In addition, glutamine metabolism was significantly increased in osteosarcoma. We characterized that GLS played oncogenic roles in osteosarcoma and validated GLS was a direct target of miR-141-3p in OS cells. Rescue experiments consistently demonstrated that miR-141-3p-promoted cisplatin sensitivity was achieved by targeting GLS directly. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings revealed new molecular mechanisms of the miR-141- 3p-modulated cisplatin sensitization through targeting the GLS-glutamine metabolism pathway. This study will contribute to developing new therapeutic approaches for the treatments of chemoresistant osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changyi People\'s Hospital. Changyi, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261300, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changyi People\'s Hospital. Changyi, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261300, P.R. China
| | - Xinju Wang
- Medical center of Changyi People\'s Hospital. Changyi, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261300, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changyi People\'s Hospital. Changyi, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261300, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Shi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Weifang People\'s Hospital. Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
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Chen C, Wang Z, Ding Y, Qin Y. Manipulating T-cell metabolism to enhance immunotherapy in solid tumor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1090429. [PMID: 36618408 PMCID: PMC9812959 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1090429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is not only essential for tumor cells to sustain their rapid growth and proliferation, but also crucial to maintain T cell fitness and robust immunity. Dysregulated metabolism has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer, which provides survival advantages for tumor cells under stress conditions. Also, emerging evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming impacts the activation, differentiation, function, and exhaustion of T cells. Normal stimulation of resting T cells promotes the conversion of catabolic and oxidative metabolism to aerobic glycolysis in effector T cells, and subsequently back to oxidative metabolism in memory T cells. These metabolic transitions profoundly affect the trajectories of T-cell differentiation and fate. However, these metabolic events of T cells could be dysregulated by their interplays with tumor or the tumor microenvironment (TME). Importantly, metabolic competition in the tumor ecosystem is a new mechanism resulting in strong suppression of effector T cells. It is appreciated that targeting metabolic reprogramming is a promising way to disrupt the hypermetabolic state of tumor cells and enhance the capacity of immune cells to obtain nutrients. Furthermore, immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, have significantly refashioned the clinical management of solid tumors, they are not sufficiently effective for all patients. Understanding how immunotherapy affects T cell metabolism provides a bright avenue to better modulate T cell anti-tumor response. In this review, we provide an overview of the cellular metabolism of tumor and T cells, provide evidence on their dynamic interaction, highlight how metabolic reprogramming of tumor and T cells regulate the anti-tumor responses, describe T cell metabolic patterns in the context of ICI, ACT, and OV, and propose hypothetical combination strategies to favor potent T cell functionality.
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He S, Zhang S, Yao Y, Xu B, Niu Z, Liao F, Wu J, Song Q, Li M, Liu Z. Turbulence of glutamine metabolism in pan-cancer prognosis and immune microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1064127. [PMID: 36568190 PMCID: PMC9769123 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1064127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glutamine is characterized as the nutrient required in tumor cells. The study based on glutamine metabolism aimed to develop a new predictive factor for pan-cancer prognostic and therapeutic analyses and to explore the mechanisms underlying the development of cancer. Methods The RNA-sequence data retrieved from TCGA, ICGC, GEO, and CGGA databases were applied to train and further validate our signature. Single-cell RNA transcriptome data from GEO were used to investigate the correlation between glutamine metabolism and cell cycle progression. A series of bioinformatics and machine learning approaches were applied to accomplish the statistical analyses in this study. Results As an individual risk factor, our signature could predict the overall survival (OS) and immunotherapy responses of patients in the pan-cancer analysis. The nomogram model combined several clinicopathological features, provided the GMscore, a readable measurement to clinically predict the probability of OS and improve the predictive capacity of GMscore. While analyzing the correlations between glutamine metabolism and malignant features of the tumor, we observed that the accumulation of TP53 inactivation might underlie glutamine metabolism with cell cycle progression in cancer. Supposedly, CAD and its upstream genes in glutamine metabolism would be potential targets in the therapy of patients with IDH-mutated glioma. Immune infiltration and sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs have been confirmed in the high-risk group. Discussion In summary, glutamine metabolism is significant to the clinical outcomes of patients with pan-cancer and is tightly associated with several hallmarks of a malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjiang He
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhili Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuben Liao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Qibin Song, ; Minglun Li, ; Zheming Liu,
| | - Minglun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany,*Correspondence: Qibin Song, ; Minglun Li, ; Zheming Liu,
| | - Zheming Liu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Qibin Song, ; Minglun Li, ; Zheming Liu,
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Kao TW, Chuang YC, Lee HL, Kuo CC, Shen YA. Therapeutic Targeting of Glutaminolysis as a Novel Strategy to Combat Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315296. [PMID: 36499623 PMCID: PMC9737183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the ability to self-renew and are the primary driving force behind cancer metastatic dissemination and the preeminent hurdle to cancer treatment. As opposed to differentiated, non-malignant tumor offspring, CSCs have sophisticated metabolic patterns that, depending on the kind of cancer, rely mostly on the oxidation of major fuel substrates such as glucose, glutamine, and fatty acids for survival. Glutaminolysis is a series of metabolic reactions that convert glutamine to glutamate and, eventually, α-ketoglutarate, an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle that provides biosynthetic building blocks. These building blocks are mostly utilized in the synthesis of macromolecules and antioxidants for redox homeostasis. A recent study revealed the cellular and molecular interconnections between glutamine and cancer stemness in the cell. Researchers have increasingly focused on glutamine catabolism in their attempt to discover an effective therapy for cancer stem cells. Targeting catalytic enzymes in glutaminolysis, such as glutaminase (GLS), is achievable with small molecule inhibitors, some of which are in early-phase clinical trials and have promising safety profiles. This review summarizes the current findings in glutaminolysis of CSCs and focuses on novel cancer therapies that target glutaminolysis in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wan Kao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chen Chuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lun Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Kuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yao-An Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Cooper AJL, Dorai T, Pinto JT, Denton TT. α-Ketoglutaramate-A key metabolite contributing to glutamine addiction in cancer cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1035335. [PMID: 36404951 PMCID: PMC9671947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1035335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J. L. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Thambi Dorai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - John T. Pinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Travis T. Denton
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA, United States
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA, United States
- Steve Gleason Institute for Neuroscience, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA, United States
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Yang D, Liu H, Cai Y, Lu K, Zhong X, Xing S, Song W, Zhang Y, Ye L, Zhu X, Wang T, Zhang P, Li ST, Feng J, Jia W, Zhang H, Gao P. Branched-chain amino acid catabolism breaks glutamine addiction to sustain hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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37
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Yang C, Wang T, Zhu S, Zong Z, Luo C, Zhao Y, Liu J, Li T, Liu X, Liu C, Deng H. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase Remodeled Cell Metabolism and Aggravated Proinflammatory Responses by Activating STAT3/IL1β/PGE 2 Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37509-37519. [PMID: 36312432 PMCID: PMC9607676 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a cytosolic methyltransferase, catalyzing N-methylation of nicotinamide (NAM) to form 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNAM), in which S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) is the methyl donor. It has been well documented that NNMT is elevated in multiple cancers and promotes tumor aggressiveness. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NNMT overexpression on cellular metabolism and proinflammatory responses. We found that NNMT overexpression reduced NAD+ and SAM levels, and activated the STAT3 signaling pathway. Consequently, STAT3 activation upregulated interleukin 1β (IL1β) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), leading to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) accumulation. On the other hand, NNMT downregulated 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) which catalyzes PGE2 into inactive molecules. Moreover, secretomic data indicated that NNMT promoted secretion of collagens, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins, confirming NNMT aggravated inflammatory responses to promote cell growth, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance. Taken together, we showed that NNMT played a pro-inflammatory role in cancer cells by activating the STAT3/IL1β/PGE2 axis and proposed that NNMT was a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmei Yang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tianxiang Wang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Songbiao Zhu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyun Zong
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chengting Luo
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao Zhao
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chongdong Liu
- Chao
Yang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P. R. China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic
Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Cai Y, Dong Z, Wang J. Circ_0000808 promotes the development of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating glutamine metabolism via the miR-1827/SLC1A5 axis. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:329. [PMID: 36192755 PMCID: PMC9528172 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA (circRNA) has been proved to be an important molecular target for cancer treatment. However, the function and molecular mechanism of circ_0000808 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unclear. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of circ_0000808, miR-1827, and solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by cell counting kit 8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU staining, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and transwell assay. The protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were used to investigate the interactions between miR-1827 and circ_0000808 or SLC1A5. Cell glutamine metabolism was assessed by determining glutamine uptake, glutamate production, and α-ketoglutarate production. Xenograft mouse model was used to assess the in vivo effects of circ_0000808. Results Circ_0000808 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cancer cells, and its silencing inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and led to apoptosis. Further results confirmed that circ_0000808 interacted with miR-1827 to positively regulate SLC1A5. The rescue experiments showed that miR-1827 inhibitor reversed the suppressive effect of circ_0000808 knockdown on the malignant behaviors of NSCLC cells. Also, SLC1A5 overexpression abolished the inhibition effect of miR-1827 on NSCLC cell progression. In addition, circ_0000808/miR-1827/SLC1A5 axis positively regulated the glutamine metabolism process in NSCLC cells. Moreover, circ_0000808 knockdown reduced the NSCLC tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion In summary, our data showed that circ_0000808 enhanced the progression of NSCLC by promoting glutamine metabolism through the miR-1827/SLC1A5 axis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-022-02777-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyi Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Luo W, Wu S, Zhang F, Chen X, Ma Y, Mo Y. Decreased expression of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 is a prognostic marker and promotes tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154111. [PMID: 36115334 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that altered metabolism represents the hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mitochondrial 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) is a key catalytic enzyme in ketogenesis with unknown roles in HCC. Hundred and four tissue sample pairs (HCC tissues, n = 104; matched normal tissues, n = 104) were obtained and analyzed with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to investigate the clinical and functional role and the diagnostic and prognostic value of BDH1 in HCC. In addition, RNA-Seq datasets from the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) (HCC group, n = 371; normal group, n = 50) and microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (HCC tissues, n = 1671; normal tissues, n = 1479) were used to assess BDH1 expression in HCC. Several bioinformatic methods were performed to identify pathways regulated by BDH1. The IHC staining showed that BDH1 expression decreased in HCC tissues (n = 69) compared with that in adjacent normal tissues (n = 35, P < 0.001). Low BDH1 expression was associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.033) and vascular invasion (P = 0.007). Moreover, ectopic expression of BDH1 reduced tumor proliferation and suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro. Therefore, our data suggest that BDH1 is a potentially valuable diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Luo
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Shu Wu
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Fengyou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yingxi Mo
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China.
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Liu X, Chen L, Wang T. Overcoming cisplatin resistance of human lung cancer by sinomenine through targeting the miR-200a-3p-GLS axis. J Chemother 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36120905 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2022.2111490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer, a malignant disease, is one of the leading causes of patient death. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Currently, chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin are widely used against lung cancer. However, development of chemoresistance, which led to poor prognosis and low survival rate greatly limited the clinical applications of cisplatin. Sinomenine (SIN) is a bioactive component of sinomenium acutum. Accumulating evidence revealed SIN exhibits potential anti-tumor activities in various types of cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanisms for the sinomenine-induced anti-cancer effects have not been fully elucidated. Here, we assessed the effects of sinomenine on cisplatin sensitivity in NSCLC cells. The combination of SIN with cisplatin showed synergistically inhibitory effects on lung cancer cells by calculating the combination index (CI value) using the Calcusyn 2.0 software. Moreover, we detected that the glutamine metabolism was significantly suppressed by sinomenine treatments in lung cancer cells. Under low glutamine supply, A549 cells showed less sensitivity to sinomenine treatments. Meanwhile, miR-200a-3p was found to be significantly induced by SIN treatments. We demonstrated a suppressive role of miR-200a-3p on glutamine metabolism. Furthermore, miR-200a-3p was downregulated but the glutamine metabolism was significantly hyperactive in A549 cisplatin resistant cells compared with parental cells. Bioinformatical analysis and luciferase assay demonstrated the glutaminase (GLS), a key enzyme of glutamine metabolism, is the direct target of miR-200a-3p in lung cancer cells. Finally, rescue experiments demonstrated that recovery of GLS in miR-200a-3p overexpressing-cisplatin resistant cells successfully overrode the sinomenine-mediated cisplatin sensitization. In summary, this study revealed a new molecular mechanism for the sinomenine-promoted cisplatin sensitization, contributing to investigating the sinomenine-based therapeutic agents against chemoresistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
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Jones JC, Bodenstine TM. Connexins and Glucose Metabolism in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710172. [PMID: 36077565 PMCID: PMC9455984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexins are a family of transmembrane proteins that regulate diverse cellular functions. Originally characterized for their ability to mediate direct intercellular communication through the formation of highly regulated membrane channels, their functions have been extended to the exchange of molecules with the extracellular environment, and the ability to modulate numerous channel-independent effects on processes such as motility and survival. Notably, connexins have been implicated in cancer biology for their context-dependent roles that can both promote or suppress cancer cell function. Moreover, connexins are able to mediate many aspects of cellular metabolism including the intercellular coupling of nutrients and signaling molecules. During cancer progression, changes to substrate utilization occur to support energy production and biomass accumulation. This results in metabolic plasticity that promotes cell survival and proliferation, and can impact therapeutic resistance. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of connexin and cancer biology, however, delineating the roles these multi-faceted proteins play in metabolic adaptation of cancer cells is just beginning. Glucose represents a major carbon substrate for energy production, nucleotide synthesis, carbohydrate modifications and generation of biosynthetic intermediates. While cancer cells often exhibit a dependence on glycolytic metabolism for survival, cellular reprogramming of metabolic pathways is common when blood perfusion is limited in growing tumors. These metabolic changes drive aggressive phenotypes through the acquisition of functional traits. Connections between glucose metabolism and connexin function in cancer cells and the surrounding stroma are now apparent, however much remains to be discovered regarding these relationships. This review discusses the existing evidence in this area and highlights directions for continued investigation.
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Choucair K, Naqash AR, Nebhan CA, Nipp R, Johnson DB, Saeed A. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Unexplored Landscape of Geriatric Oncology. Oncologist 2022; 27:778-789. [PMID: 35781739 PMCID: PMC9438919 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is classically considered a disease of aging, with over half of all new cancer diagnoses occurring in patients over the age of 65 years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, yet the participation of older adults with cancer in ICI trials has been suboptimal, particularly at the extremes of age. Despite significant improvement in treatment response and an improved toxicity profile when compared with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies, many cancers develop resistance to ICIs, and these drugs are not free of toxicities. This becomes particularly important in the setting of older adults with cancer, who are generally frailer and harbor more comorbidities than do their younger counterparts. Immunosenescence, a concept involving age-related changes in immune function, may also play a role in differential responses to ICI treatment in older patients. Data on ICI treatment response in older adult with cancers remains inconclusive, with multiple studies revealing conflicting results. The molecular mechanisms underlying response to ICIs in older cancer patients are poorly understood, and predictors of response that can delineate responders from non-responders remain to be elucidated. In this review, we explore the unique geriatric oncology population by analyzing existing retrospective datasets, and we also sought to highlight potential cellular, inflammatory, and molecular changes associated with aging as potential biomarkers for response to ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Choucair
- University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Department of Internal Medicine, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Abdul Rafeh Naqash
- The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Caroline A Nebhan
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ryan Nipp
- The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Kansas University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Huang M, Xiong D, Pan J, Zhang Q, Sei S, Shoemaker RH, Lubet RA, Montuenga LM, Wang Y, Slusher BS, You M. Targeting Glutamine Metabolism to Enhance Immunoprevention of EGFR-Driven Lung Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105885. [PMID: 35861366 PMCID: PMC9475521 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Vaccination against EGFR can be one of the venues to prevent lung cancer. Blocking glutamine metabolism has been shown to improve anticancer immunity. Here, the authors report that JHU083, an orally active glutamine antagonist prodrug designed to be preferentially activated in the tumor microenvironment, has potent anticancer effects on EGFR-driven mouse lung tumorigenesis. Lung tumor development is significantly suppressed when treatment with JHU083 is combined with an EGFR peptide vaccine (EVax) than either single treatment. Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing of the lung tumors reveal that JHU083 increases CD8+ T cell and CD4+ Th1 cell infiltration, while EVax elicits robust Th1 cell-mediated immune responses and protects mice against EGFRL858R mutation-driven lung tumorigenesis. JHU083 treatment decreases immune suppressive cells, including both monocytic- and granulocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, and pro-tumor CD4+ Th17 cells in mouse models. Interestingly, Th1 cells are found to robustly upregulate oxidative metabolism and adopt a highly activated and memory-like phenotype upon glutamine inhibition. These results suggest that JHU083 is highly effective against EGFR-driven lung tumorigenesis and promotes an adaptive T cell-mediated tumor-specific immune response that enhances the efficacy of EVax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Huang
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Jing Pan
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Shizuko Sei
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20850USA
| | - Robert H. Shoemaker
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20850USA
| | - Ronald A. Lubet
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20850USA
| | - Luis M. Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors and BiomarkersCenter for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplona31009Spain
- Department of Histology and PathologyUniversity of NavarraPamplona31009Spain
- Respiratory Tract Tumors GroupIdisnaPamplona31000Spain
- Respiratory Tract Tumors ProgramCIBERONCMadrid28013Spain
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug DiscoveryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD2128USA
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer PreventionHouston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
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Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Value Based on Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7204415. [PMID: 36059802 PMCID: PMC9436593 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7204415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to enhance the prognosis of breast cancer, the most common malignancy worldwide. Membrane lipid biosynthesis is a hot biological pathway in current cancer research. It is unclear whether membrane lipid biosynthesis is involved in the prognosis of BRCA. With LASSO regression, a 14-gene prediction model was constructed using data from the TCGA-BRCA cohort. The prediction model includes GPAA1, PIGF, ST3GAL1, ST6GALNAC4, PLPP2, ELOVL1, HACD1, SGPP1, PRKD2, VAPB, CERS2, SGMS2, ALDH3B2, and HACD3. BRCA patients from the TCGA-BRCA cohort were divided into two risk subgroups based on the model. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with lower risk scores had significantly improved overall survival (P=2.49e − 09). In addition, risk score, age, stage, and TNM classification were used to predict mortality in BRCA patients. In addition, the 14 genes in the risk model were analyzed for gene variation, methylation level, drug sensitivity, and immune cell infiltration, and the miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Afterward, the THPA website then analyzed the protein expression of 14 of these risk model genes in normal and pathological BRCA tissues. In conclusion, the membrane lipid biosynthesis-related risk model and nomogram can be used to predict BRCA clinical prognosis.
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Therapeutic Effects of Salvianolic Acid B on Angiotensin II-Induced Atrial Fibrosis by Regulating Atrium Metabolism via Targeting AMPK/FoxO1/miR-148a-3p Axis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:341-357. [PMID: 35984595 PMCID: PMC10151312 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study highlights the effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on angiotensin II (Ang II)-activated atrial fibroblasts as well as the associated potential mechanism from the metabonomics perspective. Metabolic profile analysis performed an optimal separation of the Ang II and control group, indicating a recovery impact of Sal B on Ang II-activated fibroblasts (FBs). We found that metabolite levels in the Ang II + Sal B group were reversed to normal. Moreover, 23 significant metabolites were identified. Metabolic network analysis indicated that these metabolites participated in purine metabolism and FoxO signaling pathway. We found that Sal B activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, which further promoted FoxO1 activation and increased miR-148a-3p level. We further verified that Sal B modulate the abnormal AMP, phosphocreatine, glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Ang II-stimulated FBs. Collectively, Sal B can protect the Ang II-activated FBs from fibrosis and oxidative stress via AMPK/FoxO1/miRNA-148a-3p axis.
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Suriya Muthukumaran N, Velusamy P, Akino Mercy CS, Langford D, Natarajaseenivasan K, Shanmughapriya S. MicroRNAs as Regulators of Cancer Cell Energy Metabolism. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1329. [PMID: 36013278 PMCID: PMC9410355 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To adapt to the tumor environment or to escape chemotherapy, cancer cells rapidly reprogram their metabolism. The hallmark biochemical phenotype of cancer cells is the shift in metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis. It was thought that this metabolic shift to glycolysis alone was sufficient for cancer cells to meet their heightened energy and metabolic demands for proliferation and survival. Recent studies, however, show that cancer cells rely on glutamine, lipid, and mitochondrial metabolism for energy. Oncogenes and scavenging pathways control many of these metabolic changes, and several metabolic and tumorigenic pathways are post-transcriptionally regulated by microRNA (miRNAs). Genes that are directly or indirectly responsible for energy production in cells are either negatively or positively regulated by miRNAs. Therefore, some miRNAs play an oncogenic role by regulating the metabolic shift that occurs in cancer cells. Additionally, miRNAs can regulate mitochondrial calcium stores and energy metabolism, thus promoting cancer cell survival, cell growth, and metastasis. In the electron transport chain (ETC), miRNAs enhance the activity of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c, and these apoptosome proteins are directed towards the ETC rather than to the apoptotic pathway. This review will highlight how miRNAs regulate the enzymes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors of cancer cell metabolism and mitochondrial calcium import/export pathways. The review will also focus on the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells to promote survival, proliferation, growth, and metastasis with an emphasis on the therapeutic potential of miRNAs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prema Velusamy
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Dauphin, PA 17033, USA
| | - Charles Solomon Akino Mercy
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Dauphin, PA 17033, USA
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Kim G, Jang SK, Kim YJ, Jin HO, Bae S, Hong J, Park IC, Lee JH. Inhibition of Glutamine Uptake Resensitizes Paclitaxel Resistance in SKOV3-TR Ovarian Cancer Cell via mTORC1/S6K Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158761. [PMID: 35955892 PMCID: PMC9369036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a carcinoma that affects women and that has a high mortality rate. Overcoming paclitaxel resistance is important for clinical application. However, the effect of amino acid metabolism regulation on paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer is still unknown. In this study, the effect of an amino acid-deprived condition on paclitaxel resistance in paclitaxel-resistant SKOV3-TR cells was analyzed. We analyzed the cell viability of SKOV3-TR in culture conditions in which each of the 20 amino acids were deprived. As a result, the cell viability of the SKOV3-TR was significantly reduced in cultures deprived of arginine, glutamine, and lysine. Furthermore, we showed that the glutamine-deprived condition inhibited mTORC1/S6K signaling. The decreased cell viability and mTORC1/S6K signaling under glutamine-deprived conditions could be restored by glutamine and α-KG supplementation. Treatment with PF-4708671, a selective S6K inhibitor, and the selective glutamine transporter ASCT2 inhibitor V-9302 downregulated mTOR/S6K signaling and resensitized SKOV3-TR to paclitaxel. Immunoblotting showed the upregulation of Bcl-2 phosphorylation and a decrease in Mcl-1 expression in SKOV3-TR via the cotreatment of paclitaxel with PF-4708671 and V-9302. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the inhibition of glutamine uptake can resensitize SKOV3-TR to paclitaxel and represents a promising therapeutic target for overcoming paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongmi Kim
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Se-Kyeong Jang
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department of Food and Microbial Technology, Seoul Women’s University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ok Jin
- KIRAMS Radiation Biobank, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jungil Hong
- Department of Food and Microbial Technology, Seoul Women’s University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-C.P.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-C.P.); (J.H.L.)
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Zuzčák M, Trnka J. Cellular metabolism in pancreatic cancer as a tool for prognosis and treatment (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:93. [PMID: 35730611 PMCID: PMC9256076 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has one of the highest fatality rates and the currently available therapeutic options are not sufficient to improve its overall poor prognosis. In addition to insufficient effectiveness of anticancer treatments, the lack of clear early symptoms and early metastatic spread maintain the PC survival rates at a low level. Metabolic reprogramming is among the hallmarks of cancer and could be exploited for the diagnosis and treatment of PC. PC is characterized by its heterogeneity and, apart from molecular subtypes, the identification of metabolic subtypes in PC could aid in the development of more individualized therapeutic approaches and may lead to improved clinical outcomes. In addition to the deregulated utilization of glucose in aerobic glycolysis, PC cells can use a wide range of substrates, including branched‑chain amino acids, glutamine and lipids to fulfil their energy requirements, as well as biosynthetic needs. The tumor microenvironment in PC supports tumor growth, metastatic spread, treatment resistance and the suppression of the host immune response. Moreover, reciprocal interactions between cancer and stromal cells enhance their metabolic reprogramming. PC stem cells (PCSCs) with an increased resistance and distinct metabolic properties are associated with disease relapses and cancer spread, and represent another significant candidate for therapeutic targeting. The present review discusses the metabolic signatures observed in PC, a disease with a multifaceted and often transient metabolic landscape. In addition, the metabolic pathways utilized by PC cells, as well as stromal cells are discussed, providing examples of how they could present novel targets for therapeutic interventions and elaborating on how interactions between the various cell types affect their metabolism. Furthermore, the importance of PCSCs is discussed, focusing specifically on their metabolic adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zuzčák
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trnka
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
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Hua T, Zeng Z, Chen J, Xue Y, Li Y, Sang Q. Human Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor Antigens as Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153685. [PMID: 35954348 PMCID: PMC9367328 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a deadly type of human pediatric brain cancer without effective treatments. ATRT is mainly linked to the inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene, SMARCB1; however, additional biomarkers remain to be identified to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Therefore, different tumor antigens and extracellular matrix modulators were investigated in two human ATRT and one kidney malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines and compared with the nonmalignant HEK293 cell line. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), mucin-16 (MUC16 or cancer antigen 125/CA125), osteopontin (OPN), and mesothelin (MSLN) are highly expressed in these human malignant rhabdoid cancer cell lines. Inhibiting MMPs using a small-molecule inhibitor decreased cell survival. This biomarker discovery process may lead to the identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, such as the development of targeted and immunotherapies against cancer biomarkers, to treat cancer patients. Abstract Introduction: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a lethal type of malignant rhabdoid tumor in the brain, seen mostly in children under two years old. ATRT is mainly linked to the biallelic inactivation of the SMARCB1 gene. To understand the deadly characteristics of ATRT and develop novel diagnostic and immunotherapy strategies for the treatment of ATRT, this study investigated tumor antigens, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), mucin-16 (MUC16/CA125), and osteopontin (OPN), and extracellular matrix modulators, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in different human malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines. In addition, the roles of MMPs were also examined. Materials and methods: Five human cell lines were chosen for this study, including two ATRT cell lines, CHLA-02-ATRT and CHLA-05-ATRT; a kidney malignant rhabdoid tumor cell line, G401; and two control cell lines, human embryonic kidney HEK293 and HEK293T. Both ATRT cell lines were treated with a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, GM6001, to investigate the effect of MMPs on cell proliferation, viability, and expression of tumor antigens and biomarkers. Gene expression was examined using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and protein expression was characterized by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results: All the rhabdoid tumor cell lines tested had high gene expression levels of MUC16, OPN, AFP, and MSLN. Low expression levels of neuron-specific enolase (ENO2) by the two ATRT cell lines demonstrated their lack of neuronal genotype. Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP/MMP-14) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) were highly expressed in these malignant rhabdoid tumor cells, indicating their invasive phenotypes. GM6001 significantly decreased ATRT cell proliferation and the gene expression of MSLN, OPN, and several mesenchymal markers, suggesting that inhibition of MMPs may reduce the aggressiveness of rhabdoid cancer cells. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study may advance our knowledge of the molecular landscapes of human malignant rhabdoid tumors and their biomarkers for effective diagnosis and treatment. This work analyzed the expression of human malignant rhabdoid tumor antigens that may serve as biomarkers for the development of novel therapeutic strategies, such as cancer vaccines and targeted and immunotherapies targeting osteopontin and mesothelin, for the treatment of patients with ATRT and other malignant rhabdoid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; (T.H.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Ziwei Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; (T.H.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Junji Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; (T.H.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; (T.H.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310-6046, USA;
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, USA
| | - Qingxiang Sang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA; (T.H.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-644-8683; Fax: +1-850-644-8281
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Zhang Z, Xiahou Z, Wu W, Song Y. Nitrogen Metabolism Disorder Accelerates Occurrence and Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Bioinformatic Analysis and In Vitro Experiments. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916777. [PMID: 35903696 PMCID: PMC9315097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrogen metabolism (NM) plays a pivotal role in immune regulation and the occurrence and development of cancers. The aim of this study was to construct a prognostic model and nomogram using NM-related genes for the evaluation of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to NM were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Consistent clustering analysis was used to divide them into different modules, and differentially expressed genes and survival analysis were performed. The survival information of patients was combined with the expressing levels of NM-related genes that extracted from TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Subsequently, univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to build a prognostic model. GO and KEGG analysis were elaborated in relation with the mechanisms of NM disorder (NMD). Meanwhile, immune cells and immune functions related to NMD were discussed. A nomogram was built according to the univariate and multivariate Cox analysis to identify independent risk factors. Finally, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and Western bolt (WB) were used to verify the expression level of hub genes. Results There were 138 differential NM-related genes that were divided into two gene modules. Sixteen NM-related genes were used to build a prognostic model and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that the efficiency was reliable. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that NMD accelerated development of LUAD through the Wnt signaling pathway. The level of activated dendritic cells (aDCs) and type II interferon response in the low-risk group was higher than that of the high-risk group. A nomogram was constructed based on ABCC2, HMGA2, and TN stages, which was identified as four independent risk factors. Finally, RT-PCR and WB showed that CDH17, IGF2BP1, IGFBP1, ABCC2, and HMGA2 were differently expressed between human lung fibroblast (HLF) cells and cancer cells. Conclusions High NM levels were revealed as a poor prognosis of LUAD. NMD regulates immune system through affecting aDCs and type II interferon response. The prognostic model with NM-related genes could be used to effectively evaluate the outcomes of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhikai Xiahou
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Song
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yafeng Song,
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