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Alam M, Wang Y, Chen J, Lou G, Yang H, Zhou Y, Luitel S, Jiang G, He Y. QTL detection for rice grain storage protein content and genetic effect verifications. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:89. [PMID: 38059164 PMCID: PMC10695898 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain quality is a multifarious attribute mainly governed by multiple nutritional factors. Grain protein is the central component of rice grain nutrition dominantly affecting eating-cooking qualities. Grain protein content is quantitatively influenced by its protein fractions. Genetic quantification of five protein fractions-albumins, globulins, prolamins, glutelin, and grain protein content-were evaluated by exploiting two BC3F2 mapping populations, derived from Kongyu131/TKM9 (population-I) and Kongyu131/Bg94-1 (population-II), which were grown in a single environment. Correlation studies among protein fractions and grain protein content were thoroughly investigated. A genetic linkage map was developed by using 146 single sequence repeat (SSR) markers in population-I and 167 markers in population-II. In total, 40 QTLs were delineated for five traits in both populations. Approximately 22 QTLs were dissected in population-I, derived from Kongyu131/TKM9, seven QTLs for albumin content, four QTLs for globulin content, three QTLs for prolamin content, four QTLs for glutelin content, and four QTLs for grain protein content. In total, 18 QTLs were detected in population-II, derived from Kongyu131/Bg94-1, five QTLs for albumin content, three QTLs for globulin content, four QTLs for prolamin content, two QTLs for glutelin content, and four QTLs for grain protein content. Three QTLs, qAlb7.1, Alb7.2, and qGPC7.2, derived from population-II (Kongyu131/Bg94-1) for albumin and grain protein content were successfully validated in the near isogenic line (NIL) populations. The localized chromosomal locus of the validated QTLs could be helpful for fine mapping via map-based cloning to discover underlying candidate genes. The functional insights of the underlying candidate gene would furnish novel perceptivity for the foundation of rice grain protein content and trigger the development of nutritionally important rice cultivars by combining marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01436-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mufid Alam
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - YingYing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Jianxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Guangming Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Hanyuan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Yin Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Saurav Luitel
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Gonghao Jiang
- College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Haerbin, 150080 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
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Graziano S, Marmiroli N, Gullì M. Proteomic analysis of reserve proteins in commercial rice cultivars. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1788-1797. [PMID: 32328244 PMCID: PMC7174207 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice consumption is rising in western countries with the adoption of new nutritional styles, which require the avoidance of gluten. Nevertheless, there are reports of rice allergic reactions. Rice grains contain a low amount of proteins most of which are storage proteins represented by glutelins, prolamins, albumins, and globulins. Some of these proteins are seed allergenic proteins as α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor, globulins, β-glyoxylase, and several glutelins. Italy is the major rice producer in Europe, and for this, seed reserve proteins of four Italian rice cultivars were characterized by 2D-GE analysis. Some differentially abundant proteins were identified and classified as allergenic proteins, prompting a further characterization of the genes encoding some of these proteins. In particular, a deletion in the promoter region of the 19 KDa globulin gene has been identified, which may be responsible for the different abundance of the protein in the Karnak cultivar. This polymorphism can be applied for cultivar identification in commercial samples. Seed proteome was characterized by a variable combination of several proteins, which may determine a different allergenic potential. Proteomic and genomic allowed to identify the protein profile of four commercial cultivars and to develop a molecular marker useful for the analysis of commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Graziano
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
- Department of ChemistryLife Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
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Xu Y, Bi L, Yu Z, Lin C, Gan L, Zhu L, Li H, Song Y, Zhu C. Comprehensive transcriptomics and proteomics analyses of rice stripe virus-resistant transgenic rice. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Teramura H, Kondo K, Suzuki M, Kobayashi H, Furukawa T, Kusano H, Shimada H. Aberrant endosperm formation caused by reduced production of major allergen proteins in a rice flo2 mutant that confers low-protein accumulation in grains. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2019; 36:85-90. [PMID: 31768108 PMCID: PMC6847783 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.0312a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice flo2 mutation produces grains showing a reduced amount of storage proteins. Using Nipponbare and the flo2 mutant, we created rice transformants that showed defective production of major allergen proteins RA14 and RA33 (14-16 kDa and 33 kDa allergen proteins, respectively) by RNAi introduction. The knock-down transformant generated using Nipponbare showed greatly reduced accumulation of both allergen proteins, normal growth, and production of a sufficient amount of normal-shaped seeds. F1 seeds were obtained by crossing between the transformants containing RNAi genes to RA14 and RA33, and showed decreased accumulation of both proteins. However, a peculiar phenotype was observed in the flo2 transformants that lacked accumulation of RA14 or RA33. They showed significantly reduced fertility. A wrinkled grain feature was found on the transformant lacking accumulation of RA14. F1 seeds obtained by crossing these transformants showed significantly lower fertility. F2 seeds showed decreases in both allergen proteins but morphological abnormality with small and severely wrinkled features. These results indicated that it is hard to obtain any transformant lacking accumulation of these allergen proteins using the flo2 mutant, whereas a knock-down transformant of both allergen protein genes was obtained when a wild-type Nipponbare was used as a host. These facts strongly suggest that RA14 and RA33 have some roles in rice seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Teramura
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kondo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Furukawa
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kusano
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
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Chen P, Shen Z, Ming L, Li Y, Dan W, Lou G, Peng B, Wu B, Li Y, Zhao D, Gao G, Zhang Q, Xiao J, Li X, Wang G, He Y. Genetic Basis of Variation in Rice Seed Storage Protein (Albumin, Globulin, Prolamin, and Glutelin) Content Revealed by Genome-Wide Association Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:612. [PMID: 29868069 PMCID: PMC5954490 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice seed storage protein (SSP) is an important source of nutrition and energy. Understanding the genetic basis of SSP content and mining favorable alleles that control it will be helpful for breeding new improved cultivars. An association analysis for SSP content was performed to identify underlying genes using 527 diverse Oryza sativa accessions grown in two environments. We identified more than 107 associations for five different traits, including the contents of albumin (Alb), globulin (Glo), prolamin (Pro), glutelin (Glu), and total SSP (Total). A total of 28 associations were located at previously reported QTLs or intervals. A lead SNP sf0709447538, associated for Glu content in the indica subpopulation in 2015, was further validated in near isogenic lines NIL(Zhenshan97) and NIL(Delong208), and the Glu phenotype had significantly difference between two NILs. The association region could be target for map-based cloning of the candidate genes. There were 13 associations in regions close to grain-quality-related genes; five lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were located less than 20 kb upstream from grain-quality-related genes (PG5a, Wx, AGPS2a, RP6, and, RM1). Several starch-metabolism-related genes (AGPS2a, OsACS6, PUL, GBSSII, and ISA2) were also associated with SSP content. We identified favorable alleles of functional candidate genes, such as RP6, RM1, Wx, and other four candidate genes by haplotype analysis and expression pattern. Genotypes of RP6 and RM1 with higher Pro were not identified in japonica and exhibited much higher expression levels in indica group. The lead SNP sf0601764762, repeatedly detected for Alb content in 2 years in the whole association population, was located in the Wx locus that controls the synthesis of amylose. And Alb content was significantly and negatively correlated with amylose content and the level of 2.3 kb Wx pre-mRNA examined in this study. The associations or candidate genes identified would provide new insights into the genetic basis of SSP content that will help in developing rice cultivars with improved grain nutritional quality through marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhikang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luchang Ming
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhan Dan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangming Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Life Science and Technology Center, China National Seed Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Da Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gongwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Molecular features of grass allergens and development of biotechnological approaches for allergy prevention. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:545-556. [PMID: 28535924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are characterized by elevated allergen-specific IgE and excessive inflammatory cell responses. Among the reported plant allergens, grass pollen and grain allergens, derived from agriculturally important members of the Poaceae family such as rice, wheat and barley, are the most dominant and difficult to prevent. Although many allergen homologs have been predicted from species such as wheat and timothy grass, fundamental aspects such as the evolution and function of plant pollen allergens remain largely unclear. With the development of genetic engineering and genomics, more primary sequences, functions and structures of plant allergens have been uncovered, and molecular component-based allergen-specific immunotherapies are being developed. In this review, we aim to provide an update on (i) the distribution and importance of pollen and grain allergens of the Poaceae family, (ii) the origin and evolution, and functional aspects of plant pollen allergens, (iii) developments of allergen-specific immunotherapy for pollen allergy using biotechnology and (iv) development of less allergenic plants using gene engineering techniques. We also discuss future trends in revealing fundamental aspects of grass pollen allergens and possible biotechnological approaches to reduce the amount of pollen allergens in grasses.
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Zhou W, Wang X, Zhou D, Ouyang Y, Yao J. Overexpression of the 16-kDa α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor RAG2 improves grain yield and quality of rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:568-580. [PMID: 27775871 PMCID: PMC5399008 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing grain yield and improving grain quality are two important goals for rice breeding. A better understanding of the factors that contribute to the overall grain quantity and nutritional quality of rice will lay the foundation for developing new breeding strategies. RAG2 is a member of 14-to-16-kDa α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors in rice, which belong to the albumin of seed storage proteins. We found that RAG2 was specifically expressed in ripening seed and its transcription peak was between 14 and 21 days after flowering. Grain size and 1000-grain weight were obviously increased in RAG2-overexpressed lines compared with wild type, and grain size was reduced in RAG2-suppressed lines. In addition, the major storage substances of the seeds differed significantly in RAG2-overexpressed and RAG2-suppressed lines compared to wild type. The protein content and amount of total lipids were increased and decreased, respectively, in the seeds of RAG2-overexpressed and RAG2-suppressed lines. Overexpression of RAG2 significantly increased grain size and improved grain quality and yield simultaneously. These results imply that RAG2 might play an important role in regulating grain weight and seed quality of rice. The functional characterization of rice RAG2 facilitates a further understanding of the mechanisms involved in grain size and seed quality and may be helpful in improving grain yield and quantity in cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dan Zhou
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yidan Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jialing Yao
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Sen S, Dutta SK. A potent bidirectional promoter from the monocot cereal Eleusine coracana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 129:24-35. [PMID: 27460530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ragi bifunctional α-amylase-trypsin inhibitor (RBI) of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. (finger millet) simultaneously inhibits α-amylase and trypsin. In continuation of previous work on the cloning, expression and characterization of RBI, a bidirectional promoter from finger millet was explored on the basis of experimental observations. Two trypsin inhibitors were identified while purifying RBI from a trypsin-Sepharose column eluent. Using an FPLC gel filtration column, these three inhibitors were purified to homogeneity and subjected to MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS analysis and N-terminal sequencing. Both ragi trypsin inhibitors (RTIs) showed the same N-terminal sequence and considerable sequence similarity to RBI, indicating the presence of a multigene protease inhibitor family in finger millet. To gain insight into the evolution of these genes, the upstream region of RBI was explored by Genome Walking. Interestingly, on sequencing, a genome walking product of ∼1 Kb showed presence of an N-terminal RBI specific primer sequence twice but in opposite directions and leaving an intervening region of ∼0.9 Kb. The intervening region was presumed to represent an E. coracana bidirectional promoter (EcBDP), intuitively having a divergent RBI-RTI gene pair at two sides. For assaying the bidirectionality of promoter activity, a dual reporter GUS-GFP vector construct was made for plant expression containing the reporter genes at two ends of EcBDP, which was used to transform Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404. Transient plant transformation by recombinant Agrobacterium cells was carried out in onion scale epidermal cells and finger millet seedling leaves. Simultaneous expression of GUS and GFP under EcBDP established it as a potent natural bidirectional promoter from monocot origin, thereby potentially having vast application in cereal gene manipulations. In addition, inducibility of the EcBDP by either abscisic acid or cold treatment, as determined by transient transformation in onion, would substantiate more precise control of gene expression to mitigate the effects of adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Sen
- Drug Development/Diagnostics and Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
| | - Samir Kr Dutta
- Drug Development/Diagnostics and Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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Ina S, Ninomiya K, Mogi T, Hase A, Ando T, Matsukaze N, Ogihara J, Akao M, Kumagai H, Kumagai H. Rice (Oryza sativa japonica) Albumin Suppresses the Elevation of Blood Glucose and Plasma Insulin Levels after Oral Glucose Loading. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4882-4890. [PMID: 27228466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The suppressive effect of rice albumin (RA) of 16 kDa on elevation of blood glucose level after oral loading of starch or glucose and its possible mechanism were examined. RA suppressed the increase in blood glucose levels in both the oral starch tolerance test and the oral glucose tolerance test. The blood glucose concentrations 15 min after the oral administration of starch were 144 ± 6 mg/dL for control group and 127 ± 4 mg/dL for RA 200 mg/kg BW group, while those after the oral administration of glucose were 157 ± 7 mg/dL for control group and 137 ± 4 mg/dL for RA 200 mg/kg BW group. However, in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, no significant differences in blood glucose level were observed between RA and the control groups, indicating that RA suppresses the glucose absorption from the small intestine. However, RA did not inhibit the activity of mammalian α-amylase. RA was hydrolyzed to an indigestible high-molecular-weight peptide (HMP) of 14 kDa and low-molecular-weight peptides by pepsin and pancreatin. Furthermore, RA suppressed the glucose diffusion rate through a semipermeable membrane like dietary fibers in vitro. Therefore, the indigestible HMP may adsorb glucose and suppress its absorption from the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigenobu Ina
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ninomiya
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takashi Mogi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Ayumu Hase
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ando
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Narumi Matsukaze
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Jun Ogihara
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Makoto Akao
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kumagai
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyoritsu Women's University , 2-2-1 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8347, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan
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Yuki Y, Kurokawa S, Kozuka-Hata H, Tokuhara D, Mejima M, Kuroda M, Oyama M, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Teshima R, Kiyono H. Differential analyses of major allergen proteins in wild-type rice and rice producing a fragment of anti-rotavirus antibody. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 76:128-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Biselli C, Bagnaresi P, Cavalluzzo D, Urso S, Desiderio F, Orasen G, Gianinetti A, Righettini F, Gennaro M, Perrini R, Ben Hassen M, Sacchi GA, Cattivelli L, Valè G. Deep sequencing transcriptional fingerprinting of rice kernels for dissecting grain quality traits. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:1091. [PMID: 26689934 PMCID: PMC4687084 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice represents one the most important foods all over the world. In Europe, Italy is the first rice producer and Italian production is driven by tradition and quality. All main rice grain quality traits, like cooking properties, texture, gelatinization temperature, chalkiness and yield, are related to the content and composition of starch and seed-storage proteins in the endosperm and to grain shape. In addition, a number of nutraceutical compounds and allergens are known to have a significant effect on grain quality determination. To investigate the genetic bases underlying the qualitative differences that characterize traditional Italian rice cultivars, a comparative RNA-Seq-based transcriptomic analysis of developing caryopsis was conducted at 14 days after flowering on six popular Italian varieties (Carnaroli, Arborio, Balilla, Vialone Nano, Gigante Vercelli and Volano) phenotypically differing for qualitative grain-related traits. RESULTS Co-regulation analyses of differentially expressed genes showing the same expression patterns in the six genotypes highlighted clusters of loci up or down-regulated in specific varieties, with respect to the others. Among them, we detected loci involved in cell wall biosynthesis, protein metabolism and redox homeostasis, classes of genes affecting in chalkiness determination. Moreover, loci encoding for seed-storage proteins, allergens or involved in the biosynthesis of specific nutraceutical compounds were also present and specifically regulated in the different clusters. A wider investigation of all the DEGs detected in pair-wise comparisons revealed transcriptional variation, among the six genotypes, for quality-related loci involved in starch biosynthesis (e.g. GBSSI, starch synthases and AGPase), genes encoding for transcription factors, additional seed storage proteins, allergens or belonging to additional nutraceutical compounds biosynthetic pathways and loci affecting grain size. Putative functional SNPs associated to amylose content in starch, gelatinization temperature and grain size were also identified. CONCLUSIONS The present work represents a more extended phenotypic characterization of a set of rice accessions that present a wider genetic variability than described nowadays in literature. The results provide the first transcriptional picture for several of the grain quality differences observed among the Italian rice varieties analyzed and reveal that each variety is characterized by the over-expression of a peculiar set of loci affecting grain appearance and quality. A list of candidates and SNPs affecting specific grain properties has been identified offering a starting point for further works aimed to characterize genes and molecular markers for breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Biselli
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy. .,CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bagnaresi
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Daniela Cavalluzzo
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy.
| | - Simona Urso
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Francesca Desiderio
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Orasen
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy. .,DiSAA - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Alberto Gianinetti
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Federico Righettini
- DiSAA - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Massimo Gennaro
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Perrini
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy.
| | - Manel Ben Hassen
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy. .,DiSAA - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Gian Attilio Sacchi
- DiSAA - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
| | - Giampiero Valè
- CREA- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rice research unit, S. S. 11 to Torino Km 2,5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy. .,CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), 29017, Italy.
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12
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Multiplex comparison of the digestibility of allergenic and non-allergenic proteins in rice grains by in vitro digestion. Food Chem 2015; 168:606-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Azegami T, Itoh H, Kiyono H, Yuki Y. Novel transgenic rice-based vaccines. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 63:87-99. [PMID: 25027548 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral vaccination can induce both systemic and mucosal antigen-specific immune responses. To control rampant mucosal infectious diseases, the development of new effective oral vaccines is needed. Plant-based vaccines are new candidates for oral vaccines, and have some advantages over the traditional vaccines in cost, safety, and scalability. Rice seeds are attractive for vaccine production because of their stability and resistance to digestion in the stomach. The efficacy of some rice-based vaccines for infectious, autoimmune, and other diseases has been already demonstrated in animal models. We reported the efficacy in mice, safety, and stability of a rice-based cholera toxin B subunit vaccine called MucoRice-CTB. To advance MucoRice-CTB for use in humans, we also examined its efficacy and safety in primates. The potential of transgenic rice production as a new mucosal vaccine delivery system is reviewed from the perspective of future development of effective oral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Azegami
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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14
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Yamada C, Yamashita Y, Seki R, Izumi H, Matsuda T, Kato Y. Digestion and Gastrointestinal Absorption of the 14–16-kDa Rice Allergens. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 70:1890-7. [PMID: 16926501 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The digestibility and gastrointestinal absorption of 14-16-kDa rice allergens (RAs) were investigated. RAs and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were first evaluated for their digestibility. BSA was digested completely by in vitro incubation with some proteases, but RAs remained almost intact. Administered orally (20 mg per mouse), intact RAs were clearly detected in the small intestine even 60 min after the administration, the amount of total RAs in the small intestine being estimated to be 0.59 mg. RAs were then biotinylated and infused into the duodenal lumen of anesthetized mice, and portal blood was collected. The RA concentrations in the portal plasma were respectively estimated to be 0.4-0.9 and 0.3-2.5 microg/ml for 0.4 and 4 mg doses. These results suggest that RAs are highly resistant to digestive enzymes and that about 1/100 of orally administered RAs remain intact in the small intestine, while at least 1/1,000-1/10,000 is absorbed and delivered into circulated blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Yamada
- School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan
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15
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Abe M, Yuki Y, Kurokawa S, Mejima M, Kuroda M, Park EJ, Scheller J, Nakanishi U, Kiyono H. A rice-based soluble form of a murine TNF-specific llama variable domain of heavy-chain antibody suppresses collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Biotechnol 2014; 175:45-52. [PMID: 24548461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) plays a pivotal role in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Although anti-TNF antibody therapy is now commonly used to treat patients suffering from these inflammatory conditions, the cost of treatment continues to be a concern. Here, we developed a rice transgenic system for the production of a llama variable domain of a heavy-chain antibody fragment (VHH) specific for mouse TNF in rice seeds (MucoRice-mTNF-VHH). MucoRice-mTNF-VHH was produced at high levels in the rice seeds when we used our most recent transgene-overexpression system with RNA interference technology that suppresses the production of major rice endogenous storage proteins while enhancing the expression of the transgene-derived protein. Production levels of mTNF-VHH in rice seeds reached an average of 1.45% (w/w). Further, approximately 91% of mTNF-VHH was released easily when the powder form of MucoRice-mTNF-VHH was mixed with PBS. mTNF-VHH purified by means of single-step gel filtration from rice PBS extract showed high neutralizing activity in an in vitro mTNF cytotoxicity assay using WEHI164 cells. In addition, purified mTNF-VHH suppressed progression of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. These results show that this rice-expression system is useful for the production of neutralizing VHH antibody specific for mTNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Abe
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; MG Pharma Inc., 7-7-25, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Crop Development Division, NARO Agriculture Research Center, 1-2-1, Inada, Joetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | | | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Nakamura R, Nakamura R, Adachi R, Hachisuka A, Yamada A, Ozeki Y, Teshima R. Differential analysis of protein expression in RNA-binding-protein transgenic and parental rice seeds cultivated under salt stress. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:489-95. [PMID: 24410502 PMCID: PMC3993897 DOI: 10.1021/pr4006487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Transgenic plants tolerant to various
environmental stresses are
being developed to ensure a consistent food supply. We used a transgenic
rice cultivar with high saline tolerance by introducing an RNA-binding
protein (RBP) from the ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum); differences in salt-soluble protein expression between nontransgenic
(NT) and RBP rice seeds were analyzed by 2D difference gel electrophoresis
(2D-DIGE), a gel-based proteomic method. To identify RBP-related changes
in protein expression under salt stress, NT and RBP rice were cultured
with or without 200 mM sodium chloride. Only two protein spots differed
between NT and RBP rice seeds cultured under normal conditions, one
of which was identified as a putative abscisic acid-induced protein.
In NT rice seeds, 91 spots significantly differed between normal and
salt-stress conditions. Two allergenic proteins of NT rice seeds,
RAG1 and RAG2, were induced by high salt. In contrast, RBP rice seeds
yielded seven spots and no allergen spots with significant differences
in protein expression between normal and salt-stress conditions. Therefore,
expression of fewer proteins was altered in RBP rice seeds by high
salt than those in NT rice seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Nakamura
- Division of Novel Foods and Immunochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences , 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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17
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Wang J, Yang L, Zhao X, Li J, Zhang D. Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of allergenic Tryp_alpha_amyl protein family in plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:270-278. [PMID: 24328177 DOI: 10.1021/jf402463w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Most known allergenic proteins in rice ( Oryza sativa ) seed belong to the Tryp_alpha_amyl family (PF00234), but the sequence characterization and the evolution of the allergenic Tryp_alpha_amyl family members in plants have not been fully investigated. In this study, two specific motifs were found besides the common alpha-amylase inhibitors (AAI) domain from the allergenic Tryp_alpha_amyl family members in rice seeds (trRSAs). To understand the evolution and functional importance of the Tryp_alpha_amy1 family and the specific motifs for the allergenic one, a BLAST search identified 75 homologous proteins of trRSAs (trHAs) from 22 plant species including main crops such as rice, maize ( Zea mays ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) from all available sequences in the public databases. Statistical analysis showed that the allergenicity of trHAs is closely associated with these two motifs with high number of cysteine residues (p value = 0.00026), and the trHAs with and without the two motifs were clustered into separate clades, respectively. Furthermore, significant difference was observed on the secondary and tertiary structures of allergenic and nonallergenic trHAs. In addition, expression analysis showed that trHA-encoding genes of purple false brome ( Brachypodium distachyon ), barrel medic ( Medicago truncatula ), rice, and sorghum are dominantly expressed in seeds. This work provides insight into the understanding of the properties of allergens in the Tryp_alpha_amyl family and is helpful for allergy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- National Center for Molecular Characterization of Genetically Modified Organisms, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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18
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Kurokawa S, Kuroda M, Mejima M, Nakamura R, Takahashi Y, Sagara H, Takeyama N, Satoh S, Kiyono H, Teshima R, Masumura T, Yuki Y. RNAi-mediated suppression of endogenous storage proteins leads to a change in localization of overexpressed cholera toxin B-subunit and the allergen protein RAG2 in rice seeds. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:75-87. [PMID: 24085308 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RNAi-mediated suppression of the endogenous storage proteins in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds affects not only the levels of overexpressed CTB and RAG2 allergen, but also the localization of CTB and RAG2. A purification-free rice-based oral cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) was previously developed by our laboratories using a cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) overexpression system. Recently, an advanced version of MucoRice-CTB was developed (MucoRice-CTB-RNAi) through the use of RNAi to suppress the production of the endogenous storage proteins 13-kDa prolamin and glutelin, so as to increase CTB expression. The level of the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein RAG2 (a major rice allergen) was reduced in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds in comparison with wild-type (WT) rice. To investigate whether RNAi-mediated suppression of storage proteins affects the localization of overexpressed CTB and major rice allergens, we generated an RNAi line without CTB (MucoRice-RNAi) and investigated gene expression, and protein production and localization of two storage proteins, CTB, and five major allergens in MucoRice-CTB, MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, MucoRice-RNAi, and WT rice. In all lines, glyoxalase I was detected in the cytoplasm, and 52- and 63-kDa globulin-like proteins were found in the aleurone particles. In WT, RAG2 and 19-kDa globulin were localized mainly in protein bodies II (PB-II) of the endosperm cells. Knockdown of glutelin A led to a partial destruction of PB-II and was accompanied by RAG2 relocation to the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. In MucoRice-CTB, CTB was localized in the cytoplasm and PB-II. In MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, CTB was produced at a level six times that in MucoRice-CTB and was localized, similar to RAG2, in the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. Our findings indicate that the relocation of CTB in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi may contribute to down-regulation of RAG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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19
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Goliáš J, Humlová Z, Halada P, Hábová V, Janatková I, Tučková L. Identification of rice proteins recognized by the IgE antibodies of patients with food allergies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8851-8860. [PMID: 24016103 DOI: 10.1021/jf402759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Similarity among food allergens is a great problem affecting the specificity of diagnosis and treatment of allergic patients. We have observed that 80% of patients with food (including wheat) and pollen allergies have increased IgE antibodies against rice proteins. By immunoblotting, we documented that boiling decreased solubility and IgE reactivity of PBS-extracted rice and wheat proteins, yet in SDS extracts this reactivity was only slightly changed. The sera of patients highly positive on the IgE immunoblot and positive in basophil activation and skin prick test with boiled rice components were used for characterizing the IgE-binding proteins separated by 1D or 2D electrophoresis. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 22 rice SDS soluble proteins. Six of them were new thermostable potential rice allergens: glutelin C precursor, granule-bound starch synthase 1 protein, disulfide isomerase-like 1-1 protein, hypothetical protein OsI_13867, putative acid phosphatase precursor 1, and a protein encoded by locus Os02g0453600. All of the identified rice proteins differed from known wheat allergens, except proteins belonging to the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family. Furthermore, we would suggest that in patients with high IgE reactivity to wheat and rice components, the IgE immunoblot and skin prick test with boiled rice proteins could be beneficial before diet recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Goliáš
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Immunology and Gnotobiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Kurokawa S, Nakamura R, Mejima M, Kozuka-Hata H, Kuroda M, Takeyama N, Oyama M, Satoh S, Kiyono H, Masumura T, Teshima R, Yuki Y. MucoRice-cholera toxin B-subunit, a rice-based oral cholera vaccine, down-regulates the expression of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein family as major rice allergens. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:3372-82. [PMID: 23763241 DOI: 10.1021/pr4002146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To develop a cold chain- and needle/syringe-free rice-based cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) for human use, we previously advanced the MucoRice system by introducing antisense genes specific for endogenous rice storage proteins and produced a molecularly uniform, human-applicable, high-yield MucoRice-CTB devoid of plant-associated sugar. To maintain the cold chain-free property of this vaccine for clinical application, we wanted to use a polished rice powder preparation of MucoRice-CTB without further purification but wondered whether this might cause an unexpected increase in rice allergen protein expression levels in MucoRice-CTB and prompt safety concerns. Therefore, we used two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and shotgun MS/MS proteomics to compare rice allergen protein expression levels in MucoRice-CTB and wild-type (WT) rice. Both proteomics analyses showed that the only notable change in the expression levels of rice allergen protein in MucoRice-CTB, compared with those in WT rice, was a decrease in the expression levels of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein family such as the seed allergen protein RAG2. Real-time PCR analysis showed mRNA of RAG2 reduced in MucoRice-CTB seed. These results demonstrate that no known rice allergens appear to be up-reregulated by genetic modification of MucoRice-CTB, suggesting that MucoRice-CTB has potential as a safe oral cholera vaccine for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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21
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Pastorello EA, Scibilia J, Farioli L, Primavesi L, Giuffrida MG, Mascheri A, Piantanida M, Mirone C, Stafylaraki C, Violetta MR, Nichelatti M, Preziosi D, Losappio L, Pravettoni V. Rice Allergy Demonstrated by Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Food Challenge in Peach-Allergic Patients Is Related to Lipid Transfer Protein Reactivity. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 161:265-73. [DOI: 10.1159/000345974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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22
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Separation and identification of rice prolamins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and amino acid sequencing. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:594-7. [PMID: 22451407 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There are difficulties in detecting and separating rice prolamin polypeptides by 2D-PAGE analysis because prolamin polypeptides are insoluble, and the amino acid sequences show high homology among them. In this study, we improved the prolamin extraction method and the 2D-PAGE procedure, and succeeded in separating prolamin polypeptide species by 2D-PAGE and in identifying major prolamin polypeptide sequences.
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23
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Shim SY, Katakura Y, Ichikawa A, Teruya K, Matsuda T, Shirahata S. Epitope analysis of human monoclonal antibody specific for rice allergenic protein generated by in vitro immunization. Cytotechnology 2011; 36:109-15. [PMID: 19003321 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014012214095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously established an in vitro immunization protocol for generating antigen specific human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In vitro immunization was performed against the soluble protein of rice allergenic protein (RA), resulting in the generation of three B cell clones, AC7-1/F9, CB7-1/E2 and CB7-8/F5, all of which produce a RA-specific human monoclonal IgM antibody. We attempted to map the epitope regions recognized by thesem Abs to characterize their specificities. We performed two rounds of epitope mapping, rough mapping using 10-mer peptides covering the full-length RA with 5 amino acids overlapping, and fine mapping using 8-mer peptides covering the putative epitope regions from the rough mapping with 1amino acid overlapping. As a result of the fine mapping,we identified the epitope regions of these three mAbs as(45)QVWQDCCRQ(54)L, (56)AVDDGWCRCGA(67)L and(91)FPGCRRG(98)D on the RA molecule and found to be identical. Furthermore, we determined the putative core epitope regions, which are critical for mAb binding to each region, (47)WQDCC(52)R and (60)GWC(63)R. The information about the epitope region on the RA molecule,which might trigger the allergenic response, would be useful to establish a specific immunotherapy against rice allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Shim
- Department of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
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24
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Satoh R, Nakamura R, Komatsu A, Oshima M, Teshima R. Proteomic analysis of known and candidate rice allergens between non-transgenic and transgenic plants. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 59:437-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Teshima R, Nakamura R, Satoh R, Nakamura R. 2D-DIGE analysis of rice proteins from different cultivars. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 58:S30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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LANG GH, OHBA M, KAWAMOTO S, YOZA K, MORIYAMA T, KITTA K. Immunological Characterization of Polyclonal Antisera Prepared Against Recombinant Rice RAG2 and Its Application in Detection of 14-16kDa .ALPHA.-amylase/trypsin Inhibitors from Processed Foods. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.16.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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28
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Kawakatsu T, Yamamoto MP, Touno SM, Yasuda H, Takaiwa F. Compensation and interaction between RISBZ1 and RPBF during grain filling in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 59:908-20. [PMID: 19473328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.03925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The rice (Oryza sativa L.) basic leucine Zipper factor RISBZ1 and rice prolamin box binding factor (RPBF) are transcriptional activators of rice seed storage protein (SSP) genes in vivo. To ascertain the functions of these trans-activators in seed development, knock-down (KD) transgenic rice plants were generated in which the accumulation of RISBZ1 and RPBF was reduced in an endosperm-specific manner by co-suppression (KD-RISBZ1 and KD-RPBF). The accumulation of most SSPs changed little between individual KD mutants and wild-type plants, whereas a double KD mutant (KD-RISBZ1/KD-RPBF) resulted in a significant reduction of most SSP gene expression and accumulation. The reduction of both trans-activators also caused a greater reduction in seed starch accumulation than individual KD mutants. Storage lipids were accumulated at reduced levels in KD-RISBZ1 and KD-RISBZ1/KD-RPBF seeds. KD-RPBF and KD-RISBZ1/KD-RPBF seeds exhibited multi-layered aleurone cells. Gene expression of DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (OsDEK1), CRINKLY4 (OsCR4) and SUPERNUMERARY ALEURONE LAYER 1 (OsSAL1) rice homologues was decreased in the KD mutants, suggesting that these genes are regulated by RISBZ1 and RPBF. These phenotypes suggest that combinatorial interactions between RISBZ1 and RPBF play an essential role during grain filling. The functional redundancy and compensation between RISBZ1 and RPBF possibly account for weak effects on the SSP levels in single KD mutants, and help maintain various processes during seed development in rice. Physical interaction between RISBZ1 and RPBF may ensure that these processes are carried out properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Kawakatsu
- Transgenic Crop Research and Development Centre, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
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29
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Ohba M, Miyanoshita A, Moriyama T, Kawamoto S, Kitta K. Effects of Insect Control Treatments and Damage Caused by Stored-product Insects on Rice Allergenic Proteins. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.56.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Proteomic analysis of RNA-binding proteins in dry seeds of rice after fractionation by ssDNA affinity column chromatography. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:955-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Wei C, Nguyen SD, Kim MR, Sok DE. Rice albumin N-terminal (Asp-His-His-Gln) prevents against copper ion-catalyzed oxidations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:2149-54. [PMID: 17305353 DOI: 10.1021/jf062387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic separation of soluble proteins from rice (Oryza sativa L.) yielded a major albumin protein (16 kDa), with the DHHQVYSPGEQ sequence in the N terminus, showing antioxidant action. The rice albumin was more potent than other rice proteins in preventing Cu2+-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Additionally, it also exhibited a remarkable suppression of HOCl oxidation. In a further study, albumin inhibited Cu2+-induced oxidation of LDL in a stoichiometric manner with an EC50 value of 4.3 microM, close to that of serum albumins. Moreover, after digestion with trypsin or chymotrypsin, it maintained its antioxidant action. In an experiment to see the involvement of the N terminus in antioxidant action, a synthetic tetrapeptide, equivalent to the N terminus DHHQ, was found to inhibit Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation or degradation of apolipoprotein B, similar to that of rice albumin. In mechanistic analyses, the action of rice albumin or tetrapeptide is primarily due to the removal of Cu2+, as suggested from its inhibitory effect on Cu2+/diphenylcarbohydrazide (DPCH) complex formation. However, despite its similar inhibitory effect on Cu2+-induced oxidation of LDL, rice albumin was less effective than serum albumin in inhibiting Cu2+/DPCH complex formation, suggesting that the number of Cu2+-binding sites in rice albumin may be less than that in serum albumins. Taken together, rice albumin exerts a potent preventive action against Cu2+-induced oxidations, which is due to the Cu2+ binding by DHHQ in the N-terminal sequence. Such a role as a Cu2+ chelator would add up to the application of rice albumin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wei
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Gung-Dong 220, Yuseong-Gu, Taejon 305-764, Korea
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Yamamoto MP, Onodera Y, Touno SM, Takaiwa F. Synergism between RPBF Dof and RISBZ1 bZIP activators in the regulation of rice seed expression genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2006; 141:1694-707. [PMID: 16798940 PMCID: PMC1533958 DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.082826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Dof (DNA binding with one finger) transcriptional activator rice (Oryza sativa) prolamin box binding factor (RPBF), which is involved in gene regulation of rice seed storage proteins, has been isolated from rice cDNA expressed sequence tag clones containing the conserved Dof. RPBF is found as a single gene per haploid genome. Comparison of RPBF genomic and cDNA sequences revealed that the genomic copy is interrupted by one long intron of 1,892 bp in the 5' noncoding region. We demonstrated by transient expression in rice callus protoplasts that the isolated RPBF trans-activated several storage protein genes via an AAAG target sequence located within their promoters, and with methylation interference experiments the additional AAAG-like sequences in promoters of genes expressed in maturing seeds were recognized by the RPBF protein. Binding was sequence specific, since mutation of the AAAG motif or its derivatives decreased both binding and trans-activation by RPBF. Synergism between RPBF and RISBZ1 recognizing the GCN4 motif [TGA(G/C)TCA] was observed in the expression of many storage protein genes. Overexpression of both transcription factors gave rise to much higher levels of expression than the sum of individual activities elicited by either RPBF or RISBZ1 alone. Furthermore, mutation of recognition sites suppressed reciprocal trans-activation ability, indicating that there are mutual interactions between RISBZ1 and RPBF. The RPBF gene is predominantly expressed in maturing endosperm and coordinately expressed with seed storage protein genes, and is involved in the quantitative regulation of genes expressed in the endosperm in cooperation with RISBZ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki P Yamamoto
- Transgenic Crop Research and Development Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
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33
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Lin SK, Chang MC, Tsai YG, Lur HS. Proteomic analysis of the expression of proteins related to rice quality during caryopsis development and the effect of high temperature on expression. Proteomics 2005; 5:2140-56. [PMID: 15852341 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are essential to rice caryopsis development and quality formation. High temperature is an important environmental factor, which may decrease grain quality. In the present study rice caryopsis proteins were profiled by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Expressions of more than 400 polypeptide spots during caryopsis development, in response to temperature treatments or between varieties were monitored. Among them, more than 70 differentially expressed polypeptides were analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 54 proteins with known functions. Of these, 21 were involved with carbohydrate metabolism, 14 with protein synthesis and sorting, and 9 with stress responses. Waxy (Wx) proteins and glutelins were the most significant spots, which increased significantly during development. Allergen-like proteins, PPDK and NADH-SDH, also were expressed during development, implying their physiological roles in caryopsis. Expression of large isoforms of Wx proteins was correlated with the amylose content of rice caryopses. One protein with high GC content in its DNA sequence was correlated with the chalky trait of kernels. High temperature (35/30 degrees C) decreased the expression of Wx proteins, allergen-like proteins, and elongation factor 1beta, but increased the expression of small heat shock proteins (sHSP), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and prolamin. sHSP was positively correlated with the appearance of chalky kernels. During development, glutelins were phosphorylated and glycosylated, indicating that these molecules were post-translationally modified. Possible functions of the expression of candidate proteins on the grain quality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Kai Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China
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35
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Mills ENC, Jenkins JA, Alcocer MJC, Shewry PR. Structural, biological, and evolutionary relationships of plant food allergens sensitizing via the gastrointestinal tract. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2005; 44:379-407. [PMID: 15540651 DOI: 10.1080/10408690490489224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The recently completed genome sequence of the model plant species Arabidopsis has been estimated to encode over 25,000 proteins, which, on the basis of their function, can be classified into structural and metabolic (the vast majority of plant proteins), protective proteins, which defend a plant against invasion by pathogens or feeding by pests, and storage proteins, which proved a nutrient store to support germination in seeds. It is now clear that almost all plant food allergens are either protective or storage proteins. It is also becoming evident that those proteins that trigger the development of an allergic response through the gastrointestinal tract belong primarily to two large protein superfamilies: (1) The cereal prolamin superfamily, comprising three major groups of plant food allergens, the 2S albumins, lipid transfer proteins, and cereal alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors, which have related structures, and are stable to thermal processing and proteolysis. They include major allergens from Brazil nut, peanuts, fruits, such as peaches, and cereals, such as rice and wheat; (2) The cupin superfamily, comprising the major globulin storage proteins from a number of plant species. The globulins have been found to be allergens in plant foods, such as peanuts, soya bean, and walnut; (3) The cyteine protease C1 family, comprising the papain-like proteases from microbes, plants, and animals. This family contains two notable allergens that sensitize via the GI tract, namely actinidin from kiwi fruit and the soybean allergen, Gly m Bd 30k/P34. This study describes the properties, structures, and evolutionary relationships of these protein families, the allergens that belong to them, and discusses them in relation to the role protein structure may play in determining protein allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Clare Mills
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, United Kingdom.
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36
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Chatthai M, Forward BS, Yevtushenko D, Stefanov I, Osuska L, Osusky M, Misra S. 2S storage protein gene of Douglas-fir: characterization and activity of promoter in transgenic tobacco seeds. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2004; 42:417-23. [PMID: 15191745 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2004.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2003] [Accepted: 04/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To date a few sequences regulating expression of conifer seed-specific genes have been reported. To characterize Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb] Franco) 2S albumin storage protein genes, a genomic DNA sequence containing upstream promoter sequences was isolated by screening a Douglas-fir genomic library. Sequence analysis of the Douglas-fir gPm2S1 promoter revealed the presence of RY-repeated elements (GCATGC), and multiple E-box motifs (CANNTG) and ACGT-core elements, features characteristic of 2S storage protein genes in angiosperms. When fused to the GUS reporter gene, the 1.16 kb Douglas-fir 2S promoter sequence was sufficient to direct transient expression in both developing Douglas-fir embryos and maternally derived haploid megagametophytes. Analysis of this promoter construct in transgenic tobacco showed that expression was restricted to embryo and endosperm in developing seeds and was not detected in vegetative tissues of two-week-old seedlings. These results strongly suggest that both structural and regulatory elements as well as upstream signaling components controlling the expression of 2S albumin genes are highly conserved during evolution.
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MESH Headings
- 2S Albumins, Plant
- Albumins/chemistry
- Albumins/genetics
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antigens, Plant
- Base Sequence
- DNA/metabolism
- Evolution, Molecular
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Genes, Plant
- Genes, Reporter
- Genetic Vectors
- Genome
- Magnoliopsida/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Plant Proteins/chemistry
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Pseudotsuga/metabolism
- Seeds/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Signal Transduction
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transgenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinee Chatthai
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 3P6
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37
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Shewry PR, Tatham AS, Halford NG. Genetic modification and plant food allergens: risks and benefits. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2001; 756:327-35. [PMID: 11419724 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant genetic engineering has the potential to both introduce new allergenic proteins into foods and remove established allergens. A number of allergenic plant proteins have been characterized, showing that many are related to proteins which have potentially valuable properties for use in nutritional enhancement, food processing and crop protection. It is therefore important to monitor the allergenic potential of proteins used for plant genetic engineering and major biotechnology companies have established systems for this. Current technology allows gene expression to be down-regulated using antisense or co-suppression and future developments may allow targeted gene mutation or gene replacement. However, the application of this technology may be limited at least in the short term by the presence of multiple allergens and their contribution to food processing or other properties. Furthermore, the long-term stability of these systems needs to be established as reversion could have serious consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Shewry
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, UK.
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38
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Usui Y, Nakase M, Hotta H, Urisu A, Aoki N, Kitajima K, Matsuda T. A 33-kDa allergen from rice (Oryza sativa L. Japonica). cDNA cloning, expression, and identification as a novel glyoxalase I. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:11376-81. [PMID: 11139585 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010337200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereal proteins are known to cause allergic reactions such as Baker's asthma and severe atopic dermatitis to certain populations. In rice allergy, proteins with molecular masses of 14-16, 26, 33, and 56 kDa have been demonstrated to be potentially allergenic. In this study, to identify and characterize the 33-kDa allergen, designated Glb33, this protein was first purified to homogeneity, and its cDNA clone was isolated. When expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant Glb33 was shown to be as reactive as the native Glb33 with mouse IgG and patients' IgE antibodies to Glb33. The Glb33 cDNA coded for a protein of 291 amino acids with two 120-amino acid residue repeats, and the amino acid sequence showed similarity to glyoxalase I from various organisms, including human, plant, yeast, and bacterium. As expected, both native Glb33 purified from rice seeds and the recombinant protein had glyoxalase I activity that catalyzes condensation of methylglyoxal and glutathione into S-lactoylglutathione. However, Glb33 had a higher sequence identity to the bacterial glyoxalase I rather than to known plant and yeast enzymes. Both the Glb33 transcript and the protein were detected not only in maturing seeds of rice but also in its stem and leaf. Taken all together, the rice allergen, Glb33, was identified to be a novel type of plant glyoxalase I that is expressed in various plant tissues, including maturing seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Usui
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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39
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Abstract
Food allergy is an important cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Avoidance of allergenic foods is the only method of prevention that currently is available for sensitized patients. This method of prevention is difficult and often impossible. With better characterization of allergens and better understanding of the immunologic mechanism, investigators have developed several therapeutic modalities that potentially are applicable to the treatment and prevention of food allergy. Therapeutic options currently under investigation include peptide immunotherapy, DNA immunization, immunization with immunostimulatory sequences, anti-IgE therapy, and genetic modification of foods. These exciting developments hold promise for the safe and effective treatment and prevention of food allergy in the next several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Wild
- Department of Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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40
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Han GD, Matsuno M, Ito G, Ikeucht Y, Suzuki A. Meat allergy: investigation of potential allergenic proteins in beef. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:1887-95. [PMID: 11055392 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The potential allergenic proteins in beef were investigated. The sera of ten beef-allergic patients suffering from atopic dermatitis and having a positive RAST score to beef, aged 3-18 years, were obtained from Yoshida Hospital in Japan, and five non-allergic individuals were subjected to this study. The sera of the ten patients reacted strongly to a beef extract, but not to pork and chicken extracts by both ELISA and immunoblotting. The sera of the five control subjects did not react to any of these meat extracts. Three bands having molecular masses of approximately 200 kDa, approximately 67 kDa and approximately 60 kDa were observed by immunoblotting after SDS-PAGE. Two fractions of the beef extract from a Sephadex-gel (G-200) filtration column strongly reacted with the sera of the beef-allergic patients by ELISA and immunoblotting: one fraction had the approximately 67 kDa component and the other had the approximately 200 kDa and approximately 60 kDa components. One of them (approximately 67 kDa) was confirmed to be bovine serum albumin (BSA) by an analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence. We could not identify the others by sequencing, but the approximately 200 kDa and approximately 60 kDa components were presumed to be glycoproteins. Bovine gamma (BGG:globulin M.W. approximately 160 kDa) is a glycoprotein and has several subunits. The beef-allergic patients showed strong reactivity to the approximately 200 kDa and approximately 60 kDa components of pure BGG by immunoblotting. Inhibition-ELISA showed that pure BGG preparations strongly inhibited the binding of sera from the beef-allergic patients to the beef extract. These results suggest that the approximately 200 kDa, approximately 67 kDa and approximately 60 kDa components in the beef extract had strong allergenicity: approximately 67 kDa was BSA, and approximately 200 kDa and approximately 60 kDa were presumably aggregated BGG and it's heavy chain, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Han
- Doctor's Program in Functional Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Niigata, Japan
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41
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Lehrer SB, Wild LG, Bost KL, Sorensen RU. Immunotherapy for food allergies. Past, present, future. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1999; 17:361-81. [PMID: 10597372 DOI: 10.1007/bf02737616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Lehrer
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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42
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Lehrer SB, Wild LG, Bost KL, Sorensen RU. IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0889-8561(05)70108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Nakase M, Usui Y, Alvarez-Nakase AM, Adachi T, Urisu A, Nakamura R, Aoki N, Kitajima K, Matsuda T. Cereal allergens: rice-seed allergens with structural similarity to wheat and barley allergens. Allergy 1998; 53:55-7. [PMID: 9826000 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb04962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Nakase
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
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44
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Strobl S, Maskos K, Wiegand G, Huber R, Gomis-Rüth FX, Glockshuber R. A novel strategy for inhibition of alpha-amylases: yellow meal worm alpha-amylase in complex with the Ragi bifunctional inhibitor at 2.5 A resolution. Structure 1998; 6:911-21. [PMID: 9687373 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(98)00092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND alpha-Amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-D-(1,4)-glucan linkages in starch and related compounds. There is a wide range of industrial and medical applications for these enzymes and their inhibitors. The Ragi bifunctional alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor (RBI) is the prototype of the cereal inhibitor superfamily and is the only member of this family that inhibits both trypsin and alpha-amylases. The mode of inhibition of alpha-amylases by these cereal inhibitors has so far been unknown. RESULTS The crystal structure of yellow meal worm alpha-amylase (TMA) in complex with RBI was determined at 2.5 A resolution. RBI almost completely fills the substrate-binding site of TMA. Specifically, the free N terminus and the first residue (Ser1) of RBI interact with all three acidic residues of the active site of TMA (Asp185, Glu222 and Asp287). The complex is further stabilized by extensive interactions between the enzyme and inhibitor. Although there is no significant structural reorientation in TMA upon inhibitor binding, the N-terminal segment of RBI, which is highly flexible in the free inhibitor, adopts a 3(10)-helical conformation in the complex. RBI's trypsin-binding loop is located opposite the alpha-amylase-binding site, allowing simultaneous binding of alpha-amylase and trypsin. CONCLUSIONS The binding of RBI to TMA constitutes a new inhibition mechanism for alpha-amylases and should be general for all alpha-amylase inhibitors of the cereal inhibitor superfamily. Because RBI inhibits two important digestive enzymes of animals, it constitutes an efficient plant defense protein and may be used to protect crop plants from predatory insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Strobl
- Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland
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45
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Abstract
Protein kinases play important roles in controlling biological functions. We employed PCR-based cloning technique to isolate a protein kinase gene from rice endosperm and obtained a novel protein kinase (REK) cDNA clone from a cDNA library constructed from maturing rice seed. The deduced amino acid sequence from the cDNA exhibited a high similarity to the wheat abscisic acid inducible protein kinase (PKABA1), including 11 conserved regions of the catalytic domain. REK belongs to the SNF1-related family that possesses abundant acidic amino acid resides in the C-terminal region. RT-PCR analysis showed that the REK gene is expressed in leaf and maturing seed, but not in stem and root. Bacterial recombinant REK showed autophosphorylation activity depending upon Ca2+. In addition, we isolated a REK genomic clone and determined its gene structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hotta
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
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46
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Functional analysis of the expressed product of a rice allergen cDNA inE. coli. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02883940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Marcus JP, Goulter KC, Green JL, Harrison SJ, Manners JM. Purification, characterisation and cDNA cloning of an antimicrobial peptide from Macadamia integrifolia. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 244:743-9. [PMID: 9108242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An antimicrobial peptide with no significant amino acid sequence similarity to previously described peptides has been isolated from the nut kernels of Macadcamia integrifolia. The peptide, termed MiAMP1, is highly basic with an estimated pI of 10.1, a mass of 8.1 kDa and contains 76 amino acids including 6 cysteine residues. A cDNA clone containing the entire coding region corresponding to the peptide was obtained. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA indicated a 26-amino-acid signal peptide at the N-terminus of the preprotein. Purified MiAMP1 inhibited the growth of a variety of fungal, oomycete and gram-positive bacterial phytopathogens in vitro. Some pathogens exhibited close to 100% inhibition in less than 1 microM peptide (5 microg/ml). Antimicrobial activity was diminished against most, but not all, microbes in the presence of calcium and potassium chloride salts (1 mM and 50 mM, respectively). MiAMP1 was active against bakers yeast, was inactive against Escherichia coli and was non-toxic to plant and mammalian cells. Analysis of genomic DNA indicated that MiAMP1 was encoded on a single copy gene containing no introns. The MiAMP1 gene may prove useful in genetic manipulations to increase disease resistance in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Marcus
- Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Pathology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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48
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Nakase M, Yamada T, Kira T, Yamaguchi J, Aoki N, Nakamura R, Matsuda T, Adachi T. The same nuclear proteins bind to the 5'-flanking regions of genes for the rice seed storage protein: 16 kDa albumin, 13 kDa prolamin and type II glutelin. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1996; 32:621-630. [PMID: 8980514 DOI: 10.1007/bf00020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Expression of rice seed storage-protein genes is dramatically regulated over a short period of seed maturation. To characterize the expression mechanism of the rice seed storage protein genes, their expression of major storage protein genes (16 kDa albumin, 13 kDa prolamin and type II glutelin) were compared by RNA blot analysis. Their coordinate expression suggests that the transcriptional regulatory machinery is shared among the glutelin, prolamin and albumin-genes. We isolated two novel genomic genes for prolamins (PG5a and PG5b) and obtained the promoter region of the glutelin gene by PCR. The 5'-flanking regions of these three rice seed storage protein genes were found to contain some similar conserved sequences. Nuclear extract partially purified from maturing rice seeds was used for the gel shift assay of the 5' region of the RA gene. We identified two DNA sequences of RA gene which were recognized by independent DNA-binding proteins. The complexes of these DNA sequences and DNA-binding proteins were inhibited by the fragments containing the 5' regions of the prolamin and glutelin genes, suggesting that these three genes share transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakase
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Bush
- William S. Middleton V.A. Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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50
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Tada Y, Nakase M, Adachi T, Nakamura R, Shimada H, Takahashi M, Fujimura T, Matsuda T. Reduction of 14-16 kDa allergenic proteins in transgenic rice plants by antisense gene. FEBS Lett 1996; 391:341-5. [PMID: 8765003 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An antisense gene strategy was applied to suppress the 14-16 kDa allergen gene expression in maturing rice seeds. Gene constructs producing antisense RNAs of the 16 kDa allergen under the control of some rice seed-specific promoters were introduced into rice by electroporation. Immunoblot and RNA blot analyses of the seeds from the transgenic rice plants using the allergen-specific monoclonal antibody and a sequence-specific antisense RNA probe demonstrated that the 14-16 kDa allergen proteins and their transcripts of the seeds from several transgenic lines were present in much lower in amounts than those of the seeds from parental wild-type rice. The high levels of reduction observed were stably inherited in at least three generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tada
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
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