1
|
Criswell SR, Nielsen SS, Faust IM, Shimony JS, White RL, Lenox-Krug J, Racette BA. Neuroinflammation and white matter alterations in occupational manganese exposure assessed by diffusion basis spectrum imaging. Neurotoxicology 2023; 97:25-33. [PMID: 37127223 PMCID: PMC10524700 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in-vivo neuroinflammation and white matter (WM) microstructural integrity in occupational manganese (Mn) exposure. METHODS We assessed brain inflammation using Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI) in 26 Mn-exposed welders, 17 Mn-exposed workers, and 26 non-exposed participants. Cumulative Mn exposure was estimated from work histories and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3) scores were completed by a movement specialist. Tract-based Spatial Statistics allowed for whole-brain voxel-wise WM analyses to compare WM DBSI-derived measures between the Mn-exposed and non-exposed groups. Exploratory grey matter region of interest (ROI) analyses examined the presence of similar alterations in the basal ganglia. We used voxelwise general linear modeling and linear regression to evaluate the association between cumulative Mn exposure, WM or basal ganglia DBSI metrics, and UPDRS3 scores, while adjusting for age. RESULTS Mn-exposed welders had higher DBSI-derived restricted fraction (DBSI-RF), higher DBSI-derived nonrestricted fraction (DBSI-NRF), and lower DBSI-derived fiber fraction (DBSI-FF) in multiple WM tracts (all p < 0.05) in comparison to less-exposed workers and non-exposed participants. Basal ganglia ROI analyses revealed higher average caudate DBSI-NRF and DBSI-derived radial diffusion (DBSI-RD) values in Mn-exposed welders relative to non-exposed participants (p < 0.05). Caudate DBSI-NRF was also associated with greater cumulative Mn exposure and higher UPRDS3 scores. CONCLUSIONS Mn-exposed welders demonstrate greater DBSI-derived indicators of neuroinflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-RF), greater extracellular edema (DBSI-NRF), and lower apparent axonal density (DBSI-FF) in multiple WM tracts suggesting a neuroinflammatory component in the pathophysiology of Mn neurotoxicity. Caudate DBSI-NRF was positively associated with both cumulative Mn exposure and clinical parkinsonism, indicating a possible dose-dependent effect on extracellular edema with associated motor effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Criswell
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Susan Searles Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irene M Faust
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert L White
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; John Cochran Division, St. Louis VA Medical Center, Neurology Section, 915 N. Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA
| | - Jason Lenox-Krug
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brad A Racette
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 Andrews Rd, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wylie AC, Short SJ. Environmental Toxicants and the Developing Brain. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:921-933. [PMID: 36906498 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Early life represents the most rapid and foundational period of brain development and a time of vulnerability to environmental insults. Evidence indicates that greater exposure to ubiquitous toxicants like fine particulate matter (PM2.5), manganese, and many phthalates is associated with altered developmental, physical health, and mental health trajectories across the lifespan. Whereas animal models offer evidence of their mechanistic effects on neurological development, there is little research that evaluates how these environmental toxicants are associated with human neurodevelopment using neuroimaging measures in infant and pediatric populations. This review provides an overview of 3 environmental toxicants of interest in neurodevelopment that are prevalent worldwide in the air, soil, food, water, and/or products of everyday life: fine particulate matter (PM2.5), manganese, and phthalates. We summarize mechanistic evidence from animal models for their roles in neurodevelopment, highlight prior research that has examined these toxicants with pediatric developmental and psychiatric outcomes, and provide a narrative review of the limited number of studies that have examined these toxicants using neuroimaging with pediatric populations. We conclude with a discussion of suggested directions that will move this field forward, including the incorporation of environmental toxicant assessment in large, longitudinal, multimodal neuroimaging studies; the use of multidimensional data analysis strategies; and the importance of studying the combined effects of environmental and psychosocial stressors and buffers on neurodevelopment. Collectively, these strategies will improve ecological validity and our understanding of how environmental toxicants affect long-term sequelae via alterations to brain structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Wylie
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah J Short
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Center for Health Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pankau C, Nadolski J, Tanner H, Cryer C, Di Girolamo J, Haddad C, Lanning M, Miller M, Neely D, Wilson R, Whittinghill B, Cooper RL. Examining the effect of manganese on physiological processes: Invertebrate models. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 251:109209. [PMID: 34628058 PMCID: PMC8922992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn2+ as MnSO4 &/or MnCl2) is a common and essential element for maintaining life in plants and animals and is found in soil, fresh waters and marine waters; however, over exposure is toxic to organisms. MnSO4 is added to soil for agricultural purposes and people are exposed to Mn2+ in the mining industry. Hypermanganesemia in mammals is associated with neurological issues mimicking Parkinson's disease (PD) and appears to target dopaminergic neural circuits. However, it also seems that hypermanganesemia can affect many aspects of health besides dopaminergic synapses. We examined the effect on development, behavior, survival, cardiac function, and glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, we examined the effect of Mn2+ on a sensory proprioceptive organ and nerve conduction in a marine crustacean and synaptic transmission at glutamatergic neuromuscular junctions of freshwater crayfish. A dose-response effect of higher Mn2+ retards development, survival and cardiac function in larval Drosophila and survival in larvae and adults. MnSO4 as well as MnCl2 blocks stretch activated responses in primary proprioceptive neurons in a dose-response manner. Mn2+ blocks glutamatergic synaptic transmission in Drosophila as well as crayfish via presynaptic action. This study is relevant in demonstrating the effects of Mn2+ on various physiological functions in order to learn more about acute and long-term consequences Mn2+ exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Pankau
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Jeremy Nadolski
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Benedictine University, Lisle, IL 60532, USA
| | - Hannah Tanner
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Department of Biology, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USA
| | - Carlie Cryer
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - John Di Girolamo
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Christine Haddad
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Matthew Lanning
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Mason Miller
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Devan Neely
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Reece Wilson
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | - Robin L Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fasano G, Godoy RS, Angiulli E, Consalvo A, Franco C, Mancini M, Santucci D, Alleva E, Ciavardelli D, Toni M, Biffali E, Ekker M, Canzoniero LMT, Sordino P. Effects of low-dose methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl-derived manganese on the development of diencephalic dopaminergic neurons in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117151. [PMID: 34020261 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fuel additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is counted as an organic manganese (Mn)-derived compound. The toxic effects of Mn (alone and complexed) on dopaminergic (DA) neurotransmission have been investigated in both cellular and animal models. However, the impact of environmentally relevant Mn exposure on DA neurodevelopment is rather poorly understood. In the present study, the MMT dose of 100 μM (about 5 mg Mn/L) caused up-regulation of DA-related genes in association with cell body swelling and increase in the number of DA neurons of the ventral diencephalon subpopulation DC2. Furthermore, our analysis identified significant brain Mn bioaccumulation and enhancement of total dopamine levels in association with locomotor hyperactivity. Although DA levels were restored at adulthood, we observed a deficit in the acquisition and consolidation of memory. Collectively, these findings suggest that developmental exposure to low-level MMT-derived Mn is responsible for the selective alteration of diencephalic DA neurons and with long-lasting effects on fish explorative behaviour in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fasano
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy; Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Rafael Soares Godoy
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 9A7, Canada
| | - Elisa Angiulli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ''Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Via Borelli 50, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Consalvo
- Centro Scienze Dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale - CeSI-MeT, Via Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Franco
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Mancini
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA; NYU Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, New York University School of Medicine, 222 East 41st Street, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Daniela Santucci
- Centro di Riferimento per le Scienze Comportamentali e La Salute Mentale, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Alleva
- Centro di Riferimento per le Scienze Comportamentali e La Salute Mentale, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Ciavardelli
- Centro Scienze Dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale - CeSI-MeT, Via Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy; School of Human and Social Science, "Kore" University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Mattia Toni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ''Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Via Borelli 50, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elio Biffali
- Department of Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Marc Ekker
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 9A7, Canada
| | | | - Paolo Sordino
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the basal ganglia provides a noninvasive measure of manganese (Mn) exposure, and may also represent a biomarker for clinical neurotoxicity. METHODS We acquired T1-weighted MRI scans in 27 Mn-exposed welders, 12 other Mn-exposed workers, and 29 nonexposed participants. T1-weighted intensity indices were calculated for four basal ganglia regions. Cumulative Mn exposure was estimated from work history data. Participants were examined using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3). RESULTS We observed a positive dose-response association between cumulative Mn exposure and the pallidal index (PI) (β = 2.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93 to 3.74). There was a positive relationship between the PI and UPDRS3 (β = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.27). CONCLUSION The T1-weighted pallidal signal is associated with occupational Mn exposure and severity of parkinsonism.
Collapse
|
6
|
Balachandran RC, Mukhopadhyay S, McBride D, Veevers J, Harrison FE, Aschner M, Haynes EN, Bowman AB. Brain manganese and the balance between essential roles and neurotoxicity. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6312-6329. [PMID: 32188696 PMCID: PMC7212623 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev119.009453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient required for the normal development of many organs, including the brain. Although its roles as a cofactor in several enzymes and in maintaining optimal physiology are well-known, the overall biological functions of Mn are rather poorly understood. Alterations in body Mn status are associated with altered neuronal physiology and cognition in humans, and either overexposure or (more rarely) insufficiency can cause neurological dysfunction. The resultant balancing act can be viewed as a hormetic U-shaped relationship for biological Mn status and optimal brain health, with changes in the brain leading to physiological effects throughout the body and vice versa. This review discusses Mn homeostasis, biomarkers, molecular mechanisms of cellular transport, and neuropathological changes associated with disruptions of Mn homeostasis, especially in its excess, and identifies gaps in our understanding of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying Mn homeostasis and neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Danielle McBride
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Jennifer Veevers
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Fiona E Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | | | - Erin N Haynes
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duffin RN, Werrett MV, Andrews PC. Antimony and bismuth as antimicrobial agents. Med Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
8
|
Liu K, Chen G, Ren SY, Zhu YQ, Yu TL, Tian P, Li C, Xi YB, Wang ZY, Ye JJ, Han GH, Yin H. Regional gray matter abnormality in hepatic myelopathy patients after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a voxel-based morphometry study. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:850-857. [PMID: 30688271 PMCID: PMC6375042 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.249233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic myelopathy is a complication seen in patients with chronic liver failure with physiologic or iatrogenic portosystemic shunting. The main symptom is progressive lower limb dyskinesia. The role of the brain motor control center in hepatic myelopathy is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the gray matter changes in patients with hepatic myelopathy secondary to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and to examine their clinical relevance. This was a cross-sectional study. Twenty-three liver failure patients with hepatic myelopathy (hepatic myelopathy group), 23 liver failure patients without hepatic myelopathy (non-hepatic myelopathy group) after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and 23 demographically matched healthy volunteers were enrolled from March 2014 to November 2016 at Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), China. High-resolution magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo brain imaging was acquired. Group differences in regional gray matter were assessed using voxel-based morphometry analysis. The relationship between aberrant gray matter and motor characteristics was investigated. Results demonstrated that compared with the non-hepatic myelopathy group, gray matter volume abnormalities were asymmetric, with decreased volume in the left insula (P = 0.003), left thalamus (P = 0.029), left superior frontal gyrus (P = 0.006), and right middle cingulate cortex (P = 0.021), and increased volume in the right caudate nucleus (P = 0.017), corrected with open-source software. The volume of the right caudate nucleus in the hepatic myelopathy group negatively correlated with the lower limb clinical rating of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (r = -0.53, P = 0.01). Compared with healthy controls, patients with and without hepatic myelopathy exhibited overall increased gray matter volume in both thalami, and decreased gray matter volume in both putamen, as well as in the globus pallidus, cerebellum, and vermis. The gray matter abnormalities we found predominantly involved motor-related regions, and may be associated with motor dysfunction. An enlarged right caudate nucleus might help to predict weak lower limb motor performance in patients with preclinical hepatic myelopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), China (approval No. 20140227-6) on February 27, 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shu-Yao Ren
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Zhu
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tian-Lei Yu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ping Tian
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Bin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Jun Ye
- Department of Radiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Guo-Hong Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duffin RN, Blair VL, Kedzierski L, Andrews PC. Comparative stability, cytotoxicity and anti-leishmanial activity of analogous organometallic Sb(V) and Bi(V) acetato complexes: Sb confirms potential while Bi fails the test. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:151-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
10
|
Exploration of the establishment of manganese poisoning rat model and analysis of discriminant methods. Toxicology 2018; 410:193-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
11
|
Nelson M, Adams T, Ojo C, Carroll MA, Catapane EJ. Manganese toxicity is targeting an early step in the dopamine signal transduction pathway that controls lateral cilia activity in the bivalve mollusc Crassostrea virginica. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 213:1-6. [PMID: 30010023 PMCID: PMC6103847 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Manganese is a neurotoxin causing manganism, a Parkinson-like clinical disorder. Manganese has been shown to interfere with dopaminergic neurotransmission, but the neurotoxic mechanism involved is not fully resolved. In the bivalve mollusc Crassostrea virginica also known as the eastern oyster, beating rates of lateral cilia of the gill are controlled by dopaminergic-serotonergic innervation originating from their cerebral and visceral ganglia. Terminal release of dopamine activates D2-like receptors on these gill cells inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and slowing cilia beating rates. In C. virginica, manganese treatment disrupts this dopaminergic innervation of the gill, preventing the normal cilio-inhibitory response of lateral cells to dopamine. In this study an adenylyl cyclase activator (forskolin) and two different inhibitors (MDL-12,330A and SQ 22,536) were used to determine if manganese had any effects on the adenylyl cyclase step of the dopamine D2 receptor signal transduction pathway. The results showed that neither the adenylyl cyclase activator nor the inhibitors were affected by manganese in the control of lateral ciliary activity. This suggests that in C. virginica the mechanism of manganese toxicity on the dopaminergic control of lateral ciliary activity is targeting an early step in the D2R signal transduction pathway, which may involve interference with D2 receptor activation or alternatively some other downstream signaling activity that does not affect adenylyl cyclase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nelson
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1638 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Trevon Adams
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1638 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Christiana Ojo
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1638 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Margaret A Carroll
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1638 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Edward J Catapane
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1638 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Amir Abdul Nasir AF, Cameron SF, Niehaus AC, Clemente CJ, von Hippel FA, Wilson RS. Manganese contamination affects the motor performance of wild northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:55-62. [PMID: 29793108 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuromotor deficits are an important sign of manganese (Mn) toxicity in humans and laboratory animals. However, the impacts of Mn exposure on the motor function of wild animals remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed the impact of chronic exposure to Mn from active mining operations on Groote Eylandt, Australia on the motor function of the semi-arboreal northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus), an endangered species. The three motor tests conducted-maximum sprint speed on a straight run, manoeuvrability around a corner, and motor control on a balance beam-showed that elevated Mn body burden did not diminish performance of these traits. However, quolls with higher Mn body burden approached a corner at a significantly narrower range of speeds, due to a significantly lower maximum approach speed. Slower speeds approaching a turn may reduce success at catching prey and avoiding predators. Given that maximum sprint speed on a straight run was not affected by Mn body burden, but maximum speed entering a corner was, slower speeds approaching a turn may reflect compensation for otherwise impaired performance in the turn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Skye F Cameron
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Amanda C Niehaus
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Christofer J Clemente
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Australia
| | - Frank A von Hippel
- Department of Biological Sciences & Center for Bioengineering Innovation, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Robbie S Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Smith LM, Parr-Brownlie LC. A neuroscience perspective of the gut theory of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 49:817-823. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Smith
- Department of Anatomy; Brain Health Research Centre, and Brain Research New Zealand; University of Otago; PO Box 913 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Louise C. Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy; Brain Health Research Centre, and Brain Research New Zealand; University of Otago; PO Box 913 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bedenk BT, Almeida-Corrêa S, Jurik A, Dedic N, Grünecker B, Genewsky AJ, Kaltwasser SF, Riebe CJ, Deussing JM, Czisch M, Wotjak CT. Mn 2+ dynamics in manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI): Ca v1.2 channel-mediated uptake and preferential accumulation in projection terminals. Neuroimage 2017; 169:374-382. [PMID: 29277401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) exploits the biophysical similarity of Ca2+ and Mn2+ to map the brain's activity in vivo. However, to what extent different Ca2+ channels contribute to the enhanced signal that MEMRI provides and how Mn2+ dynamics influence Mn2+ brain accumulation after systemic administration of MnCl2 are not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that mice lacking the L-type Ca2+ channel 1.2 (Cav1.2) in the CNS show approximately 50% less increase in MEMRI contrast after repeated systemic MnCl2 injections, as compared to control mice. In contrast, genetic deletion of L-type Ca2+ channel 1.3 (Cav1.3) did not reduce signal. Brain structure- or cell type-specific deletion of Cav1.2 in combination with voxel-wise MEMRI analysis revealed a preferential accumulation of Mn2+ in projection terminals, which was confirmed by local MnCl2 administration to defined brain areas. Taken together, we provide unequivocal evidence that Cav1.2 represents an important channel for neuronal Mn2+ influx after systemic injections. We also show that after neuronal uptake, Mn2+ preferentially accumulates in projection terminals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt T Bedenk
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Core Unit Neuroimaging, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Suellen Almeida-Corrêa
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Jurik
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Dedic
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Grünecker
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Core Unit Neuroimaging, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J Genewsky
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian F Kaltwasser
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Caitlin J Riebe
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Czisch
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Core Unit Neuroimaging, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Dept. Stress Neurobiology & Neurogenetics, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ye Q, Kim J. Mutation in HFE gene decreases manganese accumulation and oxidative stress in the brain after olfactory manganese exposure. Metallomics 2017; 8:618-27. [PMID: 27295312 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased accumulation of manganese (Mn) in the brain is significantly associated with neurobehavioral deficits and impaired brain function. Airborne Mn has a high systemic bioavailability and can be directly taken up into the brain, making it highly neurotoxic. While Mn transport is in part mediated by several iron transporters, the expression of these transporters is altered by the iron regulatory gene, HFE. Mutations in the HFE gene are the major cause of the iron overload disorder, hereditary hemochromatosis, one of the prevalent genetic diseases in humans. However, whether or not HFE mutation modifies Mn-induced neurotoxicity has not been evaluated. Therefore, our goal was to define the role of HFE mutation in Mn deposition in the brain and the resultant neurotoxic effects after olfactory Mn exposure. Mice carrying the H67D HFE mutation, which is homologous to the H63D mutation in humans, and their control, wild-type mice, were intranasally instilled with MnCl2 with different doses (0, 0.2, 1.0 and 5.0 mg kg(-1)) daily for 3 days. Mn levels in the blood, liver and brain were determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). H67D mutant mice showed significantly lower Mn levels in the blood, liver, and most brain regions, especially in the striatum, while mice fed an iron-overload diet did not. Moreover, mRNA expression of ferroportin, an essential exporter of iron and Mn, was up-regulated in the striatum. In addition, the levels of isoprostane, a marker of lipid peroxidation, were increased in the striatum after Mn exposure in wild-type mice, but were unchanged in H67D mice. Together, our results suggest that the H67D mutation provides decreased susceptibility to Mn accumulation in the brain and neurotoxicity induced by inhaled Mn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue 148TF, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue 148TF, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Imaging neuronal pathways with 52Mn PET: Toxicity evaluation in rats. Neuroimage 2017; 158:112-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
17
|
Criswell SR, Nielsen SS, Warden M, Perlmutter JS, Moerlein SM, Flores HP, Huang J, Sheppard L, Seixas N, Checkoway H, Racette BA. [ 18F]FDOPA positron emission tomography in manganese-exposed workers. Neurotoxicology 2017; 64:43-49. [PMID: 28694016 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Occupational manganese (Mn) exposure is associated with the development of parkinsonism; however, the mechanism of neurotoxicity is unknown. Brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging provides a non-invasive method of assessing dopamineric neuronal function. 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) PET reflects in-vivo nigrostriatal function, but results in Mn exposure are conflicting. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between Mn exposure secondary to occupational welding, FDOPA striatal uptake, and clinical parkinsonism as measured by Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subscore 3 (UPDRS3) scores. FDOPA PET scans were acquired on 72 subjects (27 Mn-exposed welders, 14 other Mn-exposed workers, and 31 non-exposed subjects). We estimated cumulative welding exposure from detailed work histories, and a movement disorders specialist examined all subjects. Striatal volumes of interest were identified on aligned magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for each subject. Specific striatal FDOPA uptake was calculated with a graphical analysis method. We used linear regression while adjusting for age to assess the association between welding exposure and FDOPA uptake in the caudate, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen. Compared to the non-exposed subjects, mean caudate FDOPA uptake was 0.0014min-1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0008, 0.0020) lower in Mn-exposed welders and 0.0012min-1 (95% CI 0.0005, 0.0019) lower in other Mn-exposed workers (both p≤0.001). There was no clear dose-response association between caudate FDOPA uptake and Mn exposure or UPDRS3 scores. Mn-exposed welders and workers demonstrated lower caudate FDOPA uptake, indicating pre-synaptic dopaminergic dysfunction in Mn-exposed subjects that was not associated with clinical parkinsonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Criswell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Susan Searles Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Warden
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen M Moerlein
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hubert P Flores
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John Huang
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noah Seixas
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Harvey Checkoway
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brad A Racette
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Beaudin SA, Strupp BJ, Uribe W, Ysais L, Strawderman M, Smith DR. Methylphenidate alleviates manganese-induced impulsivity but not distractibility. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 61:17-28. [PMID: 28363668 PMCID: PMC5862713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies from our lab have demonstrated that postnatal manganese (Mn) exposure in a rodent model can cause lasting impairments in fine motor control and attention, and that oral methylphenidate (MPH) treatment can effectively treat the dysfunction in fine motor control. However, it is unknown whether MPH treatment can alleviate the impairments in attention produced by Mn exposure. Here we used a rodent model of postnatal Mn exposure to determine whether (1) oral MPH alleviates attention and impulse control deficits caused by postnatal Mn exposure, using attention tasks that are variants of the 5-choice serial reaction time task, and (2) whether these treatments affected neuronal dendritic spine density in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal striatum. Male Long-Evans rats were exposed orally to 0 or 50Mn/kg/d throughout life starting on PND 1, and tested as young adults (PND 107-115) on an attention task that specifically tapped selective attention and impulse control. Animals were treated with oral MPH (2.5mg/kg/d) throughout testing on the attention task. Our findings show that lifelong postnatal Mn exposure impaired impulse control and selective attention in young adulthood, and that a therapeutically relevant oral MPH regimen alleviated the Mn-induced dysfunction in impulse control, but not selective attention, and actually impaired focused attention in the Mn group. In addition, the effect of MPH was qualitatively different for the Mn-exposed versus control animals across a range of behavioral measures of inhibitory control and attention, as well as dendritic spine density in the mPFC, suggesting that postnatal Mn exposure alters catecholaminergic systems modulating these behaviors. Collectively these findings suggest that MPH may hold promise for treating the behavioral dysfunction caused by developmental Mn exposure, although further research is needed with multiple MPH doses to determine whether a dose can be identified that ameliorates the dysfunction in both impulse control and selective attention, without impairing focused attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephane A Beaudin
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Barbara J Strupp
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Walter Uribe
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Lauren Ysais
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Myla Strawderman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ratner MH, Fitzgerald E. Understanding of the role of manganese in parkinsonism and Parkinson disease. Neurology 2016; 88:338-339. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
20
|
Bouabid S, Fifel K, Benazzouz A, Lakhdar-Ghazal N. Consequences of manganese intoxication on the circadian rest-activity rhythms in the rat. Neuroscience 2016; 331:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Bouabid S, Tinakoua A, Lakhdar-Ghazal N, Benazzouz A. Manganese neurotoxicity: behavioral disorders associated with dysfunctions in the basal ganglia and neurochemical transmission. J Neurochem 2015; 136:677-691. [PMID: 26608821 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element required for many physiological functions. While it is essential at physiological levels, excessive accumulation of Mn in the brain causes severe dysfunctions in the central nervous system known as manganism. Manganism is an extrapyramidal disorder characterized by motor disturbances associated with neuropsychiatric and cognitive disabilities similar to Parkinsonism. As the primary brain regions targeted by Mn are the basal ganglia, known to be involved in the pathophysiology of extrapyramidal disorders, this review will examine the impact of Mn exposure on the basal ganglia circuitry and neurotransmitters in relation to motor and non-motor disorders. The collected data from recent available studies in humans and experimental animal models provide new information about the mechanisms by which Mn affects behavior, neurotransmitters, and basal ganglia function observed in manganism. The effects of the alterations of metals on basal ganglia and neurochemical functioning are critical to develop effective modalities not only for the treatment of vulnerable populations (e.g., Mn-exposed workers) but also for understanding the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases where brain metal imbalances are involved, such as Parkinson's disease. We examine the impact of manganese (Mn) exposure on the basal ganglia circuitry and neurotransmitters in relation with motor and non-motor disorders. The collected data from available studies show that when accumulated in the globus pallidus, Mn influences the subthalamic (STN) and substantia nigra (SN) neurons, which are at the origin of changes in the thalamus and the cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Bouabid
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Anass Tinakoua
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nouria Lakhdar-Ghazal
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Benazzouz
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ye Q, Kim J. Effect of olfactory manganese exposure on anxiety-related behavior in a mouse model of iron overload hemochromatosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:333-41. [PMID: 26189056 PMCID: PMC4522346 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Manganese in excess promotes unstable emotional behavior. Our previous study showed that olfactory manganese uptake into the brain is altered in Hfe(-/-) mice, a model of iron overload hemochromatosis, suggesting that Hfe deficiency could modify the neurotoxicity of airborne manganese. We determined anxiety-related behavior and monoaminergic protein expression after repeated intranasal instillation of MnCl2 to Hfe(-/-) mice. Compared with manganese-instilled wild-type mice, Hfe(-/-) mice showed decreased manganese accumulation in the cerebellum. Hfe(-/-) mice also exhibited increased anxiety with decreased exploratory activity and elevated dopamine D1 receptor and norepinephrine transporter in the striatum. Moreover, Hfe deficiency attenuated manganese-associated impulsivity and modified the effect of manganese on the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, vesicular monoamine transporter and serotonin transporter. Together, our data indicate that loss of HFE function alters manganese-associated emotional behavior and further suggest that HFE could be a potential molecular target to alleviate affective disorders induced by manganese inhalation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chan TJH, Gutierrez C, Ogunseitan OA. Metallic Burden of Deciduous Teeth and Childhood Behavioral Deficits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:6771-87. [PMID: 26084001 PMCID: PMC4483729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120606771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects 5%–8% of children in the U.S. (10% of males and 4% of females). The contributions of multiple metal exposures to the childhood behavioral deficits are unclear, although particular metals have been implicated through their neurotoxicity. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the body burden of Mn is positively correlated with ADHD symptoms. We also investigated the putative roles of Ca, Fe, Pb, and Hg. We collected shed molars from 266 children (138 boys and 128 girls) who lost a tooth between 11 and 13 years of age. The molars were analyzed for metals using ICP-OES. The third grade teacher of each child completed the Teacher’s Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (DBD) to produce a score for “Total Disruptive Behavior” and subscale scores for “Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder”, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity, Inattention, and Oppositional/Defiant. The mean Mn, Fe, Pb and Ca concentrations found in teeth was 3.1 ± 2.9 µg/g, 11.4 ± 12.1 µg/g, 0.5 ± 0.7 µg/g, and 3.0 × 105 ± 0.8 × 105 µg/g, respectively. Hg was not detected. No significant association was found between Mn and behavioral deficits. Ca was significantly negatively associated, and Pb showed a significant positive association with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity, Inattention, and Oppositional/Defiant Disorders. These findings call into question the putative independent association of manganese exposure and behavioral deficits in children, when the balance of other metallic burden, particularly Ca and Pb burdens play significant roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony J H Chan
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Carolina Gutierrez
- School of Social Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Oladele A Ogunseitan
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging in South African manganese mine workers. Neurotoxicology 2015; 49:8-14. [PMID: 25912463 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) exposure is associated with increased T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal in the basal ganglia. T1 signal intensity has been correlated with occupational Mn exposure but not with clinical symptomatology or neuropathology. OBJECTIVES This study investigated predictors of ex vivo T1 MRI basal ganglia signal intensity in neuropathologic tissue obtained from deceased South African mine workers. METHODS A 3.0 T MRI was performed on ex vivo brain tissue obtained from 19 Mn mine workers and 10 race- and sex-matched mine workers of other commodities. Basal ganglia regions of interest were identified for each subject with T1-weighted intensity indices generated for each region. In a pathology subset, regional T1 indices were compared to neuronal and glial cell density and tissue metal concentrations. RESULTS Intensity indices were higher in Mn mine workers than non-Mn mine workers for the globus pallidus, caudate, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen with the highest values in subjects with the longest cumulative Mn exposure. Intensity indices were inversely correlated with the neuronal cell density in the caudate (p=0.040) and putamen (p=0.050). Tissue Mn concentrations were similar in Mn and non-Mn mine workers. Tissue iron (Fe) concentration trended lower across all regions in Mn mine workers. CONCLUSIONS Mn mine workers demonstrated elevated basal ganglia T1 indices when compared to non-Mn mine workers. Predictors of ex vivo T1 MRI signal intensity in Mn mine workers include duration of Mn exposure and neuronal density.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tutkun E, Abuşoğlu S, Yılmaz H, Gündüzöz M, Gıynas N, Bal CD, Ünlü A. Prolactin levels in manganese-exposed male welders. Pituitary 2014; 17:564-8. [PMID: 24337778 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-013-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early studies on manganese (Mn) exposure have demonstrated that this transition metal affects dopamine neurotransmission. Dopamine serves as a tonic inhibitor of prolactin release in the anterior hypophysis. Our aim was to determine the relation between serum prolactin levels and manganese-exposure. METHODS Whole blood was collected from 95 non-exposed control subjects and 179 manganese-exposed male welders. Whole blood manganese was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma--Mass Spectrometer on Agilent 7700 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Serum prolactin levels (PRL), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine, soduim (Na), potassium (K) were analyzed by immunological and spectrophotometric methods on Roche E170 Modular System (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). RESULTS The mean ages for control and manganese-exposed group were 40.5 ± 7.8 and 39.5 ± 8.7, respectively (p = 0.258). The mean working period (years) for control and manganese-exposed group were 17.4 ± 9.8 and 18.2 ± 7.7 years, respectively (p = 0.581). Serum AST and potassium levels were significantly higher in control group than manganese-exposed group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.048, respectively) and body-mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in control group than manganese-exposed group (p = 0.033). There was a significantly positive correlation between whole blood manganese levels and serum prolactin (r = 0.860, p < 0.001). Serum ALT levels were positively correlated with serum AST, urea and sodium (r = 0.315, p < 0.001; r = 0.121, p = 0.046; r = 0.130, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Serum prolactin level is a diagnostic marker for determining the effect of manganese-exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Engin Tutkun
- Department of Toxicology, Occupational Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Baker MG, Criswell SR, Racette BA, Simpson CD, Sheppard L, Checkoway H, Seixas NS. Neurological outcomes associated with low-level manganese exposure in an inception cohort of asymptomatic welding trainees. Scand J Work Environ Health 2014; 41:94-101. [PMID: 25380186 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long-term, high-level exposure to manganese (Mn) is associated with impaired central nervous system (CNS) function. We quantitatively explored relations between low-level Mn exposure and selected neurological outcomes in a longitudinal inception cohort of asymptomatic welder trainees. METHODS Welders with no previous occupational Mn exposure were observed approximately every three months over the course of the five-quarter traineeship. Fifty-six welders were assessed for motor function using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection part 3 (UPDRS3) and Grooved Pegboard tests. A subset of 17 also had MRI scans to assess T1-weighted indices. Personal exposure to Mn in welding fume was quantitatively assessed during the study period using a mixed model to obtain estimates of subject-specific exposure level by welding type. These estimates were summed to estimate cumulative exposure at the time of each neurological outcome test. RESULTS When adjusting for possible learning effects, there were no associations between cumulative exposure and UPDRS3 score or Grooved Pegboard time. T1-weighted indices of the basal ganglia (caudate, anterior putamen, posterior putamen, and combined basal ganglia, but not the pallidal index) exhibited statistically significant increases in signal intensity in relation to increased cumulative Mn exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that T1-weighted changes can be detected in the brain even at very low levels of exposure among humans before any clinically evident deficits. This suggests that with continued follow-up we could identify a T1 threshold of toxicity at which clinical symptoms begin to manifest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa G Baker
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim J, Wessling-Resnick M. Iron and mechanisms of emotional behavior. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:1101-1107. [PMID: 25154570 PMCID: PMC4253901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron is required for appropriate behavioral organization. Iron deficiency results in poor brain myelination and impaired monoamine metabolism. Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid homeostasis is modified by changes in brain iron status. Such changes produce not only deficits in memory/learning capacity and motor skills, but also emotional and psychological problems. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that both energy metabolism and neurotransmitter homeostasis influence emotional behavior, and both functions are influenced by brain iron status. Like other neurobehavioral aspects, the influence of iron metabolism on mechanisms of emotional behavior is multifactorial: brain region-specific control of behavior, regulation of neurotransmitters and associated proteins, temporal and regional differences in iron requirements, oxidative stress responses to excess iron, sex differences in metabolism, and interactions between iron and other metals. To better understand the role that brain iron plays in emotional behavior and mental health, this review discusses the pathologies associated with anxiety and other emotional disorders with respect to body iron status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Schmitz AE, de Oliveira PA, de Souza LF, da Silva DGH, Danielski S, Santos DB, de Almeida EA, Prediger RD, Fisher A, Farina M, Dafre AL. Interaction of curcumin with manganese may compromise metal and neurotransmitter homeostasis in the hippocampus of young mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:399-409. [PMID: 24723215 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure is related to industrial activities, where absorption by inhalation has high relevance. Manganism, a syndrome caused as a result of excessive accumulation of Mn in the central nervous system, has numerous symptoms similar to those seen in idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD). Some of these symptoms, such as learning, memory, sensorial, and neurochemical changes, appear before the onset of motor deficits in both manganism and IPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of curcumin against behavioral deficits induced by Mn toxicity in young (2 months old) Swiss mice. We evaluated the effect of chronic inhalation of a Mn mixture [Mn(OAc)3 and MnCl2 (20:40 mM)], 1 h/session, three times a week, over a 14-week period on behavioral and neurochemical parameters. Curcumin was supplemented in the diet (500 or 1,500 ppm in food pellets). The Mn disrupted the motor performance evaluated in the single-pellet reach task, as well as the short- and long-term spatial memory evaluated in the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Surprisingly, curcumin also produced similar deleterious effects in such behavioral tests. Moreover, the association of Mn plus curcumin significantly increased the levels of Mn and iron, and decreased the levels of dopamine and serotonin in the hippocampus. These alterations were not observed in the striatum. In conclusion, the current Mn treatment protocol resulted in mild deficits in motor and memory functions, resembling the early phases of IPD. Additionally, curcumin showed no beneficial effects against Mn-induced disruption of hippocampal metal and neurotransmitter homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Ern Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Biological Sciences Centre, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chang Y, Jin SU, Kim Y, Shin KM, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Ahn JH, Park SJ, Jeong KS, Weon YC, Lee H. Decreased brain volumes in manganese-exposed welders. Neurotoxicology 2013; 37:182-9. [PMID: 23685157 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A great deal of research has been devoted to identifying subclinical functional brain abnormalities in manganese (Mn)-exposed welders. However, no previous study has investigated morphological brain abnormalities, such as changes in brain volume, in welders. This study evaluates morphological changes in brain volume among welders, and investigates the relationship between structural brain abnormalities and subclinical dysfunction in this population. METHODS We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to assess differences in gray and white matter brain volumes between 40 welders with chronic Mn exposure and 26 age-matched control subjects. Correlation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between brain volume changes and decreased performance on neurobehavioral tests. RESULTS Brain volumes in the globus pallidus and cerebellar regions were significantly diminished in welders with chronic Mn exposure compared to controls (FDR-corrected P<0.05). These changes in brain volume were negatively correlated with cognitive performance and grooved pegboard scores. CONCLUSION There are measurable brain volume reductions in the globus pallidus and cerebellum of welders chronically exposed to Mn, and these volume reductions correlate with cognitive and motor neurobehavioral deficits. Our findings therefore indicate that volumetric measurement could be a useful subclinical marker among welders that show no signs of manganism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dučić T, Barski E, Salome M, Koch JC, Bähr M, Lingor P. X-ray fluorescence analysis of iron and manganese distribution in primary dopaminergic neurons. J Neurochem 2012; 124:250-61. [PMID: 23106162 PMCID: PMC3563009 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals have been suggested to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. X-ray microscopy combined with a cryogenic setup is a powerful method for elemental imaging in low concentrations and high resolution in intact cells, eliminating the need for fixation and sectioning of the specimen. Here, we performed an elemental distribution analysis in cultured primary midbrain neurons with a step size in the order of 300 nm and ~ 0.1 ppm sensitivity under cryo conditions by using X-ray fluorescence microscopy. We report the elemental mappings on the subcellular level in primary mouse dopaminergic (DAergic) and non-DAergic neurons after treatment with transition metals. Application of Fe(2+) resulted in largely extracellular accumulation of iron without preference for the neuronal transmitter subtype. A quantification of different Fe oxidation states was performed using X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis. After treatment with Mn(2+) , a cytoplasmic/paranuclear localization of Mn was observed preferentially in DAergic neurons, while no prominent signal was detectable after Mn(3+) treatment. Immunocytochemical analysis correlated the preferential Mn uptake to increased expression of voltage-gated calcium channels in DAergic neurons. We discuss the implications of this differential elemental distribution for the selective vulnerability of DAergic neurons and Parkinson's disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Moberly AH, Czarnecki LA, Pottackal J, Rubinstein T, Turkel DJ, Kass MD, McGann JP. Intranasal exposure to manganese disrupts neurotransmitter release from glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system in vivo. Neurotoxicology 2012; 33:996-1004. [PMID: 22542936 PMCID: PMC3432160 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to aerosolized manganese induces a neurological disorder that includes extrapyramidal motor symptoms and cognitive impairment. Inhaled manganese can bypass the blood-brain barrier and reach the central nervous system by transport down the olfactory nerve to the brain's olfactory bulb. However, the mechanism by which Mn disrupts neural function remains unclear. Here we used optical imaging techniques to visualize exocytosis in olfactory nerve terminals in vivo in the mouse olfactory bulb. Acute Mn exposure via intranasal instillation of 2-200 μg MnCl(2) solution caused a dose-dependent reduction in odorant-evoked neurotransmitter release, with significant effects at as little as 2 μg MnCl(2) and a 90% reduction compared to vehicle controls with a 200 μg exposure. This reduction was also observed in response to direct electrical stimulation of the olfactory nerve layer in the olfactory bulb, demonstrating that Mn's action is occurring centrally, not peripherally. This is the first direct evidence that Mn intoxication can disrupt neurotransmitter release, and is consistent with previous work suggesting that chronic Mn exposure limits amphetamine-induced dopamine increases in the basal ganglia despite normal levels of dopamine synthesis (Guilarte et al., J Neurochem 2008). The commonality of Mn's action between glutamatergic neurons in the olfactory bulb and dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia suggests that a disruption of neurotransmitter release may be a general consequence wherever Mn accumulates in the brain and could underlie its pleiotropic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Moberly
- Behavioral Neuroscience Section, Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sanchez-Betancourt J, Anaya-Martínez V, Gutierrez-Valdez AL, Ordoñez-Librado JL, Montiel-Flores E, Espinosa-Villanueva J, Reynoso-Erazo L, Avila-Costa MR. Manganese mixture inhalation is a reliable Parkinson disease model in rats. Neurotoxicology 2012; 33:1346-55. [PMID: 22975423 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace metal. Regardless of its essentiality, it has been reported that the overexposure causes neurotoxicity manifested as extrapyramidal symptoms similar to those observed in Parkinson disease (PD). Recently, our group reported that mice that inhaled for 5 months the mixture of manganese chloride (MnCl(2)) and manganese acetate Mn(OAc)(3) developed movement abnormalities, significant loss of substantia nigra compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons, dopamine depletion and improved behavior with l-DOPA treatment. However, this model has only been characterized in mice. In order to have a well-supported and generalizable model in rodents, we used male Wistar rats that inhaled a mixture of 0.04 M MnCl(2) and 0.02 M Mn(OAc)(3), 1h three times a week for 6 months. Before Mn exposure, animals were trained to perform motor tests (Beam-walking and Single-pellet reaching tasks) and were evaluated each week after the exposure. The mixture of MnCl(2)/Mn(OAc)(3) caused alterations in the motor tests, 75.95% loss of SNc dopaminergic neurons, and no cell alterations in Globus Pallidus or striatum. With these results we conclude that the inhalation of the mixture of Mn compounds is a useful model in rodents for the study of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sanchez-Betancourt
- Neuromorphology Lab, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. Mex. 54090, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schroeter JD, Dorman DC, Yoon M, Nong A, Taylor MD, Andersen ME, Clewell HJ. Application of a Multi-Route Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Manganese to Evaluate Dose-Dependent Neurological Effects in Monkeys. Toxicol Sci 2012; 129:432-46. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
34
|
Criswell SR, Perlmutter JS, Huang JL, Golchin N, Flores HP, Hobson A, Aschner M, Erikson KM, Checkoway H, Racette BA. Basal ganglia intensity indices and diffusion weighted imaging in manganese-exposed welders. Occup Environ Med 2012; 69:437-43. [PMID: 22447645 PMCID: PMC3651997 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2011-100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Manganese exposure leads to diffuse cerebral metal deposition with the highest concentration in the globus pallidus associated with increased T1-weighted MRI signal. T1 signal intensity in extra-pallidal basal ganglia (caudate and putamen) has not been studied in occupationally exposed workers. Diffusion weighted imaging is a non-invasive measure of neuronal damage and may provide a quantification of neurotoxicity associated with welding and manganese exposure. This study investigated extra-pallidal T1 basal ganglia signal intensity as a marker of manganese exposure and basal ganglia diffusion weighted imaging abnormalities as a potential marker of neurotoxicity. METHODS A 3T MR case:control imaging study was performed on 18 welders and 18 age- and gender-matched controls. Basal ganglia regions of interest were identified for each subject. T1-weighted intensity indices and apparent diffusion coefficients were generated for each region. RESULTS All regional indices were higher in welders than controls (p ≤ 0.05). Combined basal ganglia (ρ = 0.610), caudate (ρ = 0.645), anterior (ρ = 0.595) and posterior putamen (ρ = 0.511) indices were more correlated with exposure than pallidal (ρ = 0.484) index. Welder apparent diffusion coefficient values were lower than controls for globus pallidus (p = 0.03) and anterior putamen (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Welders demonstrated elevated T1 indices throughout the basal ganglia. Combined basal ganglia, caudate and putamen indices were more correlated with exposure than pallidal index suggesting more inclusive basal ganglia sampling results in better exposure markers. Elevated indices were associated with diffusion weighted abnormalities in the pallidum and anterior putamen suggesting neurotoxicity in these regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Criswell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guilarte TR. Manganese and Parkinson's disease: a critical review and new findings. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2012; 16:4549-66. [PMID: 22124833 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232011001200028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review was to examine whether chronic Mn exposure produces dopamine neuron degeneration and PD or whether it has a distinct neuropathology and clinical presentation. I reviewed available clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological studies in humans and nonhuman primates exposed to Mn or other human conditions that result in elevated brain Mn concentrations. Human and nonhuman primate literature was examined to compare clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological changes associated with Mn-induced parkinsonism. Clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological evidence was used to examine whether Mn-induced parkinsonism involves degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system as is the case in PD. The overwhelming evidence shows that Mn-induced parkinsonism does not involve degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons and that l-dopa is not an effective therapy. New evidence is presented on a putative mechanism by which Mn may produce movement abnormalities. Confirmation of this hypothesis in humans is essential to make rational decisions about treatment, devise effective therapeutic strategies, and set regulatory guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás R Guilarte
- Neurotoxicology and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Crinella FM. Does soy-based infant formula cause ADHD? Update and public policy considerations. Expert Rev Neurother 2012; 12:395-407. [PMID: 22449212 DOI: 10.1586/ern.12.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An earlier article hypothesized a relationship between soy-based infant formulas, manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity and symptoms of ADHD. In this update, more recent literature on ADHD, Mn and Mn neurotoxicity is reviewed, as well as the risks of Mn toxicity that may accompany ingestion of soy-based infant formula. The results of several critical studies are described, including rodent and primate models that demonstrate an association between ingestion of relatively high levels of Mn and: overactivity, disinhibition and inattention; stereotypes and disturbances of social relatedness; and alterations of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and dopamine transporter in critical brain regions. Similar deficits have been shown in children with ADHD. In addition, ADHD-like symptoms of behavioral disinhibition were found to be correlated with Mn content in tooth enamel, apparently deposited at or before the fifth gestational month. The results are discussed in terms of their weight as a risk factor in ADHD, vis-à-vis compelling evidence of genetic, epigenetic and other environmental risk factors associated with the disorder, as well as the appropriateness of additional public policy decisions regarding the safety of soy formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Crinella
- University of California Irvine, Department of Pediatrics, UCI Child Development Center, 19722 MacArthur Blvd, Irvine, CA 92612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Electrophysiological and biochemical response in rats on intratracheal instillation of manganese. Open Life Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-011-0080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractChronic exposure to excess manganese via inhalation of metal fumes causes central nervous system damage. For modelling Mn aerosol inhalation, male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with MnCl2 solution (0.5 mg/kg b.w. MnCl2; n=12) 5 days a week for 5 weeks. At the end of the treatment, somatosensory cortical evoked potentials, elicited by double-pulse stimulation, were recorded from the animals in urethane anaesthesia. Body weight gain, organ weights, and Mn level in brain, lung and blood samples were also measured. In brain samples, gene expression level of MnSOD (Mn superoxide dismutase) was determined. The effect of Mn was mainly seen on the evoked potential amplitudes, and on the second:first ratio of these. Tissue Mn concentration was elevated in brain and lungs, but changed hardly in the blood. Relative weight of heart, thymus, lungs and brain was significantly altered. The level of MnSOD transcript in brain tissue decreased. The observed effects showed that Mn had access to the brain and that somatosensory cortical responses evoked by double-pulse stimulation might be suitable biomarkers of Mn intoxication.
Collapse
|
38
|
Bagga P, Patel AB. Regional cerebral metabolism in mouse under chronic manganese exposure: implications for manganism. Neurochem Int 2011; 60:177-85. [PMID: 22107705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic manganese (Mn) exposure in rodents, non-human primates and humans has been linked to Parkinson's disease like condition known as Manganism. Mn being a cofactor for many enzymes in brain has been known to be accumulated in various regions differentially and thus exert toxic effect upon chronic overexposure. In present study, neuropathology of Manganism was investigated by evaluating regional neuronal and astroglial metabolism in mice under chronic Mn exposure. Male C57BL6 mice were treated with MnCl(2) (25 mg/kg, i.p.) for 21 days. Cerebral metabolism was studied by co-infusing [U-(13)C(6)]glucose and [2-(13)C]acetate, and monitoring (13)C labeling of amino acids in brain tissue extract using (1)H-[(13)C] and (13)C-[(1)H]-NMR spectroscopy. Glutamate, choline, N-acetyl aspartate and myo-inositol were found to be reduced in thalamus and hypothalamus indicating a loss in neuronal and astroglial cells due to Mn neurotoxicity. Reduced labeling of Glu(C4) from [U-(13)C(6)]glucose and [2-(13)C]acetate indicates an impairment of glucose oxidation by glutamatergic neurons and glutamate-glutamine neurotransmitter cycle in cortex, striatum, thalamus-hypothalamus and olfactory bulb with chronic Mn exposure. Additionally, reduced labeling of Gln(C4) from [2-(13)C]acetate indicates a decrease in acetate oxidation by astroglia in the same regions. However, GABAergic function was alleviated only in thalamus-hypothalamus. Our findings indicate that chronic Mn impairs excitatory (glutamatergic) function in the majority of regions of brain while inhibitory (GABAergic) activity is perturbed only in basal ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Bagga
- NMR Microimaging and Spectroscopy, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Calpain activation is involved in acute manganese neurotoxicity in the rat striatum in vivo. Exp Neurol 2011; 233:182-92. [PMID: 21985864 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Manganese is essential for life, yet chronic exposure to this metal can cause a neurodegenerative disease named manganism that affects motor function. In the present study we have evaluated Mn neurotoxicity after its administration in the rat striatum. The participation of the calcium-dependent protease calpain and the apoptosis-related protease caspase-3, in Mn-induced cell death was monitored in the striatum and globus pallidus. Mn induced the activation of both proteases, although calpain activation seems to be an earlier event. Moreover, while the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor QVD did not significantly prevent Mn-induced cell death, the specific calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 did. The role of NMDA glutamate receptors on calpain activity was also investigated; blockage of these receptors by MK-801 and memantine did not prevent calpain activation, nor Mn-induced cell death. Finally, studies in striatal homogenates suggest a direct activation of calpain by Mn ions. Altogether the present study suggests that additional mechanisms to excitotoxicity are involved in Mn-induced cell death, placing calpain as an important mediator of acute Mn neurotoxicity in vivo.
Collapse
|
40
|
Keane M, Stone S, Chen B. Welding fumes from stainless steel gas metal arc processes contain multiple manganese chemical species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 12:1133-40. [PMID: 21491680 DOI: 10.1039/b922840c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fumes from a group of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes used on stainless steel were generated using three different metal transfer modes and four different shield gases. The objective was to identify and measure manganese (Mn) species in the fumes, and identify processes that are minimal generators of Mn species. The robotic welding system was operated in short-circuit (SC) mode (Ar/CO2 and He/Ar), axial spray (AXS) mode (Ar/O2 and Ar/CO2), and pulsed axial-spray (PAXS) mode (Ar/O2). The fumes were analyzed for Mn by a sequential extraction process followed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis, and by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Total elemental Mn, iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were separately measured after aqua regia digestion and ICP-AES analysis. Soluble Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, and Ni2+ in a simple biological buffer (phosphate-buffered saline) were determined at pH 7.2 and 5.0 after 2 h incubation at 37 C by ion chromatography. Results indicate that Mn was present in soluble form, acid-soluble form, and acid-soluble form after reduction by hydroxylamine, which represents soluble Mn0 and Mn2+ compounds, other Mn2+ compounds, and (Mn3+ and Mn4+) compounds, respectively. The dominant fraction was the acid-soluble Mn2+ fraction, but results varied with the process and shield gas. Soluble Mn mass percent in the fume ranged from 0.2 to 0.9%, acid-soluble Mn2+ compounds ranged from 2.6 to 9.3%, and acid plus reducing agent-soluble (Mn3+ and Mn4+) compounds ranged from 0.6 to 5.1%. Total Mn composition ranged from 7 to 15%. XRD results showed fumes had a crystalline content of 90-99% Fe3O4, and showed evidence of multiple Mn oxides, but overlaps and weak signals limited identification. Small amounts of the Mn2+ in the fume (<0.01 to ≈ 1% or <0.1 to ≈ 10 microg ml(-1)) and Ni2+ (<0.01 to ≈ 0.2% or <0.1 to ≈ 2 mg ml(-1)) ions were found in biological buffer media, but amounts were highly dependent on pH and the welding process. Mn generation rates for the fractions were tabulated, and the influence of ozone is discussed. The conclusions are that exposures to welding fumes include multiple Mn species, both soluble and insoluble, and that exposures to Mn species vary with specific processes and shield gases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Keane
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Verina T, Kiihl SF, Schneider JS, Guilarte TR. Manganese exposure induces microglia activation and dystrophy in the substantia nigra of non-human primates. Neurotoxicology 2011; 32:215-26. [PMID: 21112353 PMCID: PMC3057349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic manganese (Mn) exposure produces neurological deficits including a form of parkinsonism that is different from Parkinson's disease (PD). In chronic Mn exposure, dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) do not degenerate but they appear to be dysfunctional. Further, previous studies have suggested that the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is affected by Mn. In the present study, we investigated whether chronic Mn exposure induces microglia activation in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and SNr in Cynomolgus macaques. Animals were exposed to different weekly doses of Mn (3.3-5.0, 5.0-6.7, 8.3-10 mg Mn/kg body weight) and microglia were examined in the substantia nigra using LN3 immunohistochemistry. We observed that in control animals, LN3 labeled microglia were characterized by a resting phenotype. However, in Mn-treated animals, microglia increased in number and displayed reactive changes with increasing Mn exposure. This effect was more prominent in the SNr than in the SNc. In the SNr of animals administered the highest Mn dose, microglia activation was the most advanced and included dystrophic changes. Reactive microglia expressed increased iNOS, L-ferritin, and intracellular ferric iron which were particularly prominent in dystrophic compartments. Our observations indicate that moderate Mn exposure produces structural changes on microglia, which may have significant consequences on their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Verina
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Samara F Kiihl
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jay S Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tomás R Guilarte
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bouchard MF, Sauvé S, Barbeau B, Legrand M, Brodeur MÈ, Bouffard T, Limoges E, Bellinger DC, Mergler D. Intellectual impairment in school-age children exposed to manganese from drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:138-43. [PMID: 20855239 PMCID: PMC3018493 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese is an essential nutrient, but in excess it can be a potent neurotoxicant. Despite the common occurrence of manganese in groundwater, the risks associated with this source of exposure are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES Our first aim was to assess the relations between exposure to manganese from drinking water and children's intelligence quotient (IQ). Second, we examined the relations between manganese exposures from water consumption and from the diet with children's hair manganese concentration. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 362 children 6-13 years of age living in communities supplied by groundwater. Manganese concentration was measured in home tap water (MnW) and children's hair (MnH). We estimated manganese intake from water ingestion and the diet using a food frequency questionnaire and assessed IQ with the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. RESULTS The median MnW in children's home tap water was 34 µg/L (range, 1-2,700 µg/L). MnH increased with manganese intake from water consumption, but not with dietary manganese intake. Higher MnW and MnH were significantly associated with lower IQ scores. A 10-fold increase in MnW was associated with a decrease of 2.4 IQ points (95% confidence interval: -3.9 to -0.9; p < 0.01), adjusting for maternal intelligence, family income, and other potential confounders. There was a 6.2-point difference in IQ between children in the lowest and highest MnW quintiles. MnW was more strongly associated with Performance IQ than Verbal IQ. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that exposure to manganese at levels common in groundwater is associated with intellectual impairment in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryse F Bouchard
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Biology, Health, Society and Environment, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ordoñez-Librado JL, Anaya-Martínez V, Gutierrez-Valdez AL, Colín-Barenque L, Montiel-Flores E, Avila-Costa MR. Manganese inhalation as a Parkinson disease model. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2010; 2011:612989. [PMID: 21209715 PMCID: PMC3010681 DOI: 10.4061/2011/612989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the effects of divalent and trivalent Manganese (Mn2+/Mn3+) mixture inhalation on mice to obtain a novel animal model of Parkinson disease (PD) inducing bilateral and progressive dopaminergic cell death, correlate those alterations with motor disturbances, and determine whether L-DOPA treatment improves the behavior, to ensure that the alterations are of dopaminergic origin. CD-1 male mice inhaled a mixture of Manganese chloride and Manganese acetate, one hour twice a week for five months. Before Mn exposure, animals were trained to perform motor function tests and were evaluated each week after the exposure. By the end of Mn exposure, 10 mice were orally treated with 7.5 mg/kg L-DOPA. After 5 months of Mn mixture inhalation, striatal dopamine content decreased 71%, the SNc showed important reduction in the number of TH-immunopositive neurons, mice developed akinesia, postural instability, and action tremor; these motor alterations were reverted with L-DOPA treatment. Our data provide evidence that Mn2+/Mn3+ mixture inhalation produces similar morphological, neurochemical, and behavioral alterations to those observed in PD providing a useful experimental model for the study of this neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Ordoñez-Librado
- Laboratorio de Neuromorfologia, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090 Tlalnepantla, Edo Mex, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Guilarte TR. Manganese and Parkinson's disease: a critical review and new findings. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2010; 118:1071-80. [PMID: 20403794 PMCID: PMC2920085 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess accumulation of manganese (Mn) in the brain results in a neurological syndrome with cognitive, psychiatric, and movement abnormalities. The highest concentrations of Mn in the brain are achieved in the basal ganglia, which may precipitate a form of parkinsonism with some clinical features that are similar and some that are different to those in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, scientists have debated the possibility that Mn may have an etiological role in PD or that it may accelerate the expression of PD. OBJECTIVE The goal of this review was to examine whether chronic Mn exposure produces dopamine neuron degeneration and PD or whether it has a distinct neuropathology and clinical presentation. DATA SOURCE I reviewed available clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological studies in humans and nonhuman primates exposed to Mn or other human conditions that result in elevated brain Mn concentrations. DATA EXTRACTION Human and nonhuman primate literature was examined to compare clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological changes associated with Mn-induced parkinsonism. DATA SYNTHESIS Clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological evidence was used to examine whether Mn-induced parkinsonism involves degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system as is the case in PD. CONCLUSIONS The overwhelming evidence shows that Mn-induced parkinsonism does not involve degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons and that l-dopa is not an effective therapy. New evidence is presented on a putative mechanism by which Mn may produce movement abnormalities. Confirmation of this hypothesis in humans is essential to make rational decisions about treatment, devise effective therapeutic strategies, and set regulatory guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás R Guilarte
- Neurotoxicology and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Dopaminergic neurotoxicity following pulmonary exposure to manganese-containing welding fumes. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84:521-40. [PMID: 20224926 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-010-0525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential for development of Parkinson's disease (PD)-like neurological dysfunction following occupational exposure to aerosolized welding fumes (WF) is an area of emerging concern. Welding consumables contain a complex mixture of metals, including iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), which are known to be neurotoxic. To determine whether WF exposure poses a neurological risk particularly to the dopaminergic system, we treated Sprague-Dawley rats with WF particulates generated from two different welding processes, gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS; low Mn, less water-soluble) and manual metal arc-hard surfacing (MMA-HS; high Mn, more water-soluble) welding. Following repeated intratracheal instillations (0.5 mg/rat, 1/week x 7 weeks) of GMA-MS or MMA-HS, elemental analysis and various molecular indices of neurotoxicity were measured at 1, 4, 35 or 105 days after last exposure. MMA-HS exposure, in particular, led to increased deposition of Mn in striatum and midbrain. Both fumes also caused loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein in the striatum (~20%) and midbrain (~30%) by 1 day post-exposure. While the loss of TH following GMA-MS was transient, a sustained loss (34%) was observed in the midbrain 105 days after cessation of MMA-HS exposure. In addition, both fumes caused persistent down-regulation of dopamine D2 receptor (Drd2; 30-40%) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (Vmat2; 30-55%) mRNAs in the midbrain. WF exposure also modulated factors associated with synaptic transmission, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and gliosis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that repeated exposure to Mn-containing WF can cause persistent molecular alterations in dopaminergic targets. Whether such perturbations will lead to PD-like neuropathological manifestations remains to be elucidated.
Collapse
|
47
|
Nelson M, Huggins T, Licorish R, Carroll MA, Catapane EJ. Effects of p-Aminosalicylic acid on the neurotoxicity of manganese on the dopaminergic innervation of the cilia of the lateral cells of the gill of the bivalve mollusc, Crassostrea virginica. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 151:264-70. [PMID: 19944778 PMCID: PMC2794987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The lateral cilia of the gill of Crassostrea virginica are controlled by a dopaminergic-serotonergic innervation. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter causing cilio-inhibition. High levels of manganese are neurotoxic to people, causing Manganism, a Parkinson-like disease. Clinical interventions for Manganism have not been very successful. Recently, p-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) was reported as an effective treatment of severe Manganism in humans; however, its mechanism of action is unknown. Previously, we reported that manganese treatments caused disruption of the dopaminergic innervation of gill of C. virginica. Here we compared the effects of manganese on gill innervation in the presence of PAS, EDTA or Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and examined whether co-treating animals with PAS could block the deleterious effects of manganese on the oyster's dopaminergic innervation of the gill. Beating rates of the lateral cilia of the gill were measured by stroboscopic microscopy. Pre-treating gill preparations with PAS or EDTA blocked the neurotoxic effects of manganese, while ASA did not. In other experiments, animals exposed to three day treatments with manganese produced a dose dependent impairment of the dopaminergic, cilio-inhibitory system, which was decreased by co-treatment with PAS. The study shows that PAS protects the animal against neurotoxic effects of manganese and the mechanism of action of PAS in alleviating Manganism is more likely related to its chelating abilities than its anti-inflammatory actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nelson
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1150 Carroll Street, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Turkesha Huggins
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1150 Carroll Street, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Roshney Licorish
- Department of Biology, Kingsborough Community College, 2001 Oriental Blvd., Brooklyn, NY 11235, USA
| | - Margaret A. Carroll
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1150 Carroll Street, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
| | - Edward J. Catapane
- Department of Biology, Medgar Evers College, 1150 Carroll Street, Brooklyn, NY 11225, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 718 270 6203. (E.J. Catapane)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Eschenko O, Canals S, Simanova I, Beyerlein M, Murayama Y, Logothetis N. Mapping of functional brain activity in freely behaving rats during voluntary running using manganese-enhanced MRI: Implication for longitudinal studies. Neuroimage 2010; 49:2544-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
49
|
Santamaria AB, Sulsky SI. Risk assessment of an essential element: manganese. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:128-155. [PMID: 20077284 DOI: 10.1080/15287390903337118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for humans, animals, and plants and is required for growth, development, and maintenance of health. Mn is present in most tissues of all living organisms and is present naturally in rocks, soil, water, and food. High-dose oral, parenteral, or inhalation exposures are associated with increased tissue Mn levels that may lead to development of adverse neurological, reproductive, or respiratory effects. Manganese-induced clinical neurotoxicity is associated with a motor dysfunction syndrome commonly referred to as manganism. Because Mn is an essential element and absorption and excretion are homeostatically regulated, a reasonable hypothesis is that there should be no adverse effects at low exposures. Therefore, there should be a threshold for exposure, below which adverse effects may occur only rarely, if at all, and the frequency of occurrence of adverse effects may increase with higher exposures above that threshold. Lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs), no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs), and benchmark dose levels (BMDs) have been derived from studies that were conducted to evaluate subclinical neurotoxicity in human occupational cohorts exposed to Mn. Although there is some uncertainty about the predictive value of the subclinical neuromotor or neurobehavioral effects that were observed in these occupational cohort studies, results of the neurological tests were used in risk assessments to establish guidelines and regulations for ambient air levels of Mn in the environment. A discussion of the uncertainties associated with these tests is provided in this review. The application of safety and uncertainty factors result in guidelines for ambient air levels that are lower than the LOAELs, NOAELs, or BMDs from occupational exposure studies by an order of magnitude, or more. Specific early biomarkers of effect, such as subclinical neurobehavioral or neurological changes or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes, have not been established or validated for Mn, although some studies attempted to correlate certain biomarkers with neurological effects. Pharmacokinetic studies with rodents and monkeys provide valuable information about the absorption, bioavailability, and tissue distribution of various Mn compounds with different solubilities and oxidation states in different age groups. These pharmacokinetic studies showed that rodents and primates maintain stable tissue Mn levels as a result of homeostatic mechanisms that tightly regulate absorption and excretion of ingested Mn and limit tissue uptake at low to moderate levels of inhalation exposure. In addition, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are being developed to provide for the ability to conduct route-to-route extrapolations, evaluate nasal uptake to the central nervous system (CNS), and determine life-stage differences in Mn pharmacokinetics. Such models will facilitate more rigorous quantitative analysis of the available human pharmacokinetic data for Mn and will be used to identify situations that may lead to increased brain accumulation related to altered Mn kinetics in different human populations, and to develop quantitatively accurate predictions of elevated Mn levels that may serve as a basis of dosimetry-based risk assessments. Such dosimetry-based risk assessments will permit for the development of more scientifically refined and robust recommendations, guidelines, and regulations for Mn levels in the ambient environment and occupational settings.
Collapse
|
50
|
Moreno JA, Yeomans EC, Streifel KM, Brattin BL, Taylor RJ, Tjalkens RB. Age-dependent susceptibility to manganese-induced neurological dysfunction. Toxicol Sci 2009; 112:394-404. [PMID: 19812362 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to manganese (Mn) produces a spectrum of cognitive and behavioral deficits associated with a neurodegenerative disorder resembling Parkinson's disease. The effects of high-dose exposure to Mn in occupational cohorts and in adult rodent models of the disease are well described but much less is known about the behavioral and neurochemical effects of Mn in the developing brain. We therefore exposed C57Bl/6 mice to Mn by intragastric gavage as juveniles, adults, or both, postulating that mice exposed as juveniles and then again as adults would exhibit greater neurological and neurochemical dysfunction than mice not preexposed as juveniles. Age- and sex-dependent vulnerability to changes in locomotor function was detected, with juvenile male mice displaying the greatest sensitivity, characterized by a selective increase in novelty-seeking and hyperactive behaviors. Adult male mice preexposed as juveniles had a decrease in total movement and novelty-seeking behavior, and no behavioral changes were detected in female mice. Striatal dopamine levels were increased in juvenile mice but were decreased in adult preexposed as juveniles. Levels of Mn, Fe, and Cu were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, with the greatest accumulation of Mn detected in juvenile mice in the striatum, substantia nigra (SN), and cortex. Only modest changes in Fe and Cu were detected in Mn-treated mice, primarily in the SN. These results reveal that developing mice are more sensitive to Mn than adult animals and that Mn exposure during development enhances behavioral and neurochemical dysfunction relative to adult animals without juvenile exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Moreno
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Center for Environmental Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|