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Ge J, Li M, Yao J, Guo J, Li X, Li G, Han X, Li Z, Liu M, Zhao J. The potential of EGCG in modulating the oral-gut axis microbiota for treating inflammatory bowel disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155643. [PMID: 38820660 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent chronic intestinal disorder that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Its pathogenesis involves intricate interactions between pathogenic microorganisms, native intestinal microorganisms, and the intestinal immune system via the oral-gut axis. The strong correlation observed between oral diseases and IBD indicates the potential involvement of oral pathogenic microorganisms in IBD development. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting the proliferation, translocation, intestinal colonization and exacerbated intestinal inflammation of oral microorganisms within the oral-gut axis may partially alleviate IBD. Tea consumption has been identified as a contributing factor in reducing IBD, with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) being the primary bioactive compound used for IBD treatment. However, the precise mechanism by which EGCG mediates microbial crosstalk within the oral-gut axis remains unclear. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse oral microorganisms implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD and elucidate their colonization pathways and mechanisms. Subsequently, we investigated the antibacterial properties of EGCG and its potential to attenuate microbial translocation and colonization in the gut, emphasizing its role in attenuating exacerbations of IBD. We also elucidated the toxic and side effects of EGCG. Finally, we discuss current strategies for enhancing EGCG bioavailability and propose novel multi-targeted nano-delivery systems for the more efficacious management of IBD. This review elucidates the role and feasibility of EGCG-mediated modulation of the oral-gut axis microbiota in the management of IBD, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of EGCG in the treatment of IBD and the development of prospective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Ge
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingwen Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jinling Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiankuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangli Han
- Department of Geriatric, Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 236 Baidi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Aranda-Merino N, Marín-Garrido A, Román-Hidalgo C, Ramos-Payán M, Abril N, Fernández-Torres R, Bello-López MÁ. Bioavailability of flumequine and diclofenac in mice exposed to a metal-drug chemical cocktail. Evaluation of the protective role of selenium. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1935-1951. [PMID: 38149319 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Organisms, including humans, are subjected to the simultaneous action of a wide variety of pollutants, the effects of which should not be considered in isolation, as many synergies and antagonisms have been found between many of them. Therefore, this work proposes an in vivo study to evaluate the effect of certain metal contaminants on the bioavailability and metabolism of pharmacologically active compounds. Because the most frequent entry vector is through ingestion, the influence of the gut microbiota and the possible protective effects of selenium has been additionally evaluated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A controlled exposure experiment in mammals (Mus musculus) to a "chemical cocktail" consisting of metals and pharmaceuticals (diclofenac and flumequine). The presence of selenium has also been evaluated as an antagonist. Mouse plasma samples were measured by UPLC-QTOF. A targeted search of 48 metabolites was also performed. KEY RESULTS Metals significantly affected the FMQ plasma levels when the gut microbiota was depleted. Hydroxy FMQ decreased if metals were present. Selenium minimized this decrease. The 3-hydroxy DCF metabolite was not found in any case. Changes in some metabolic pathways are discussed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The presence of metals in the mouse diet as well as the prior treatment of mice with an antibiotic mixture (Abxs), which deplete the gut microbiota, has a decisive effect on the bioavailability and metabolism of the tested pharmaceuticals and dietary selenium minimize some of their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Aranda-Merino
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Marín-Garrido
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Román-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Ramos-Payán
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nieves Abril
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rut Fernández-Torres
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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3
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Bernabè G, Castagliuolo I, Porzionato A, Casarotto G, Monte RD, Carpi A, Brun P. Insoluble polysaccharides produced in plant cell cultures protect from Clostridioides difficile colitis. Microbiol Res 2024; 286:127812. [PMID: 38954992 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) poses a significant health threat due to high recurrence rates. Antimicrobial agents are commonly used to manage CDI-related diarrhoea; however, by aggravating intestinal dysbiosis, antibiotics enable C. difficile spores germination and production of toxins, the main virulence factors. Therefore, the binding of exotoxins using adsorbents represents an attractive alternative medication for the prevention and treatment of relapses. In this study, we provided evidence that the natural insoluble polysaccharides, named ABR119, extracted by plant cell cultures, effectively trap C. difficile toxins. In our experiments, ABR119 exhibited no cytotoxicity in vitro and was safely administered in vivo. In the animal model of C. difficile-associated colitis, ABR119 (50 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the colonic myeloperoxidase activity and severity of inflammation, preventing body weight loss. These effects were not evident when we treated animals with wheat bran polysaccharides. We did not detect bacterial killing effects of ABR119 against C. difficile nor against bacterial species of the normal gut microbiota. Moreover, ABR119 did not interfere in vitro with the antimicrobial activities of most clinically used antibiotics. In summary, ABR119 holds promise for treating and preventing C. difficile colitis by trapping the bacterial toxins, warranting further studies to assess the ABR119 potential in human infections caused by C. difficile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernabè
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine via A. Gabelli, 63, Padova 35121, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine via A. Gabelli, 63, Padova 35121, Italy; Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, via N. Giustiniani, 2, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- University of Padova, Department of Neurosciences, via A. Gabelli, 65, Padova 35121, Italy
| | - Gino Casarotto
- Active Botanicals Research, Via dell'Impresa, 1, Brendola, Vicenza 36040, Italy
| | - Renzo Dal Monte
- Active Botanicals Research, Via dell'Impresa, 1, Brendola, Vicenza 36040, Italy
| | - Andrea Carpi
- Active Botanicals Research, Via dell'Impresa, 1, Brendola, Vicenza 36040, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine via A. Gabelli, 63, Padova 35121, Italy.
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4
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Piraino F, Costa M, Meyer M, Cornish G, Ceroni C, Garnier V, Hoehnel-Ka S, Brandenberg N. Organoid models: the future companions of personalized drug development. Biofabrication 2024; 16:032009. [PMID: 38608454 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad3e30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
High failure rates of the current drug development process are driving exemplary changes toward methodologies centered on human diseasein-vitromodeling. Organoids are self-organized tissue sub-units resembling their organ of origin and are widely acknowledged for their unique potential in recapitulating human physio-pathological mechanisms. They are transformative for human health by becoming the platform of choice to probe disease mechanisms and advance new therapies. Furthermore, the compounds' validation as therapeutics represents another point of the drug development pipeline where organoids may provide key understandings and help pharma organizations replace or reduce animal research. In this review, we focus on gastrointestinal organoid models, which are currently the most advanced organoid models in drug development. We focus on experimental validations of their value, and we propose avenues to enhance their use in drug discovery and development, as well as precision medicine and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Costa
- Doppl SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marine Meyer
- Doppl SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jang Y, Nyamjav I, Kim HR, Suh DE, Park N, Lee YE, Lee S. Identification of plastic-degrading bacteria in the human gut. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172775. [PMID: 38670383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution caused by the excessive use of plastics has resulted in the inflow of microplastics into the human body. However, the effects of microplastics on the human gut microbiota still need to be better understood. To determine whether plastic-degrading bacteria exist in the human gut, we collected the feces of six human individuals, did enrichment cultures and screened for bacterial species with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) or polypropylene (PP)-degrading activity using a micro-spray method. We successfully isolated four bacterial species with an LDPE-degrading activity and three with a PP-degrading activity. Notably, all bacterial species identified with an LDPE or PP-degrading activity were opportunistic pathogens. We analyzed the microbial degradation of the LDPE or PP surface using scanning electron microscopy and confirmed that each bacterial species caused the physical changes. Chemical structural changes were further investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy, confirming the oxidation of the LDPE or PP surface with the formation of carbonyl groups (C=O), ester groups (CO), and hydroxyl groups (-OH) by each bacterial species. Finally, high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC) analysis showed that these bacterial species performed to a limited extent depolymerization. These results indicate that, as a single species, these opportunistic pathogens in the human gut have a complete set of enzymes and other components required to initiate the oxidation of the carbon chains of LDPE or PP and to degrade them. Furthermore, these findings suggest that these bacterial species can potentially biodegrade and metabolize microplastics in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Jang
- School of Undergraduate Studies, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Indra Nyamjav
- Department of Brain Sciences, Graduate School, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Rae Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Repla Inc., Suwon 16679, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Suh
- Department of Research and Development, Repla Inc., Suwon 16679, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyoon Park
- School of Undergraduate Studies, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Graduate School, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukkyoo Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Graduate School, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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Kaden T, Alonso-Roman R, Akbarimoghaddam P, Mosig AS, Graf K, Raasch M, Hoffmann B, Figge MT, Hube B, Gresnigt MS. Modeling of intravenous caspofungin administration using an intestine-on-chip reveals altered Candida albicans microcolonies and pathogenicity. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122525. [PMID: 38489910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal yeast of the human intestinal microbiota that, under predisposing conditions, can become pathogenic and cause life-threatening systemic infections (candidiasis). Fungal-host interactions during candidiasis are commonly studied using conventional 2D in vitro models, which have provided critical insights into the pathogenicity. However, microphysiological models with a higher biological complexity may be more suitable to mimic in vivo-like infection processes and antifungal drug efficacy. Therefore, a 3D intestine-on-chip model was used to investigate fungal-host interactions during the onset of invasive candidiasis and evaluate antifungal treatment under clinically relevant conditions. By combining microbiological and image-based analyses we quantified infection processes such as invasiveness and fungal translocation across the epithelial barrier. Additionally, we obtained novel insights into fungal microcolony morphology and association with the tissue. Our results demonstrate that C. albicans microcolonies induce injury to the epithelial tissue by disrupting apical cell-cell contacts and causing inflammation. Caspofungin treatment effectively reduced the fungal biomass and induced substantial alterations in microcolony morphology during infection with a wild-type strain. However, caspofungin showed limited effects after infection with an echinocandin-resistant clinical isolate. Collectively, this organ-on-chip model can be leveraged for in-depth characterization of pathogen-host interactions and alterations due to antimicrobial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kaden
- Dynamic42 GmbH, Jena, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Raquel Alonso-Roman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Parastoo Akbarimoghaddam
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Bianca Hoffmann
- Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc T Figge
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Mark S Gresnigt
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany.
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Whelan K, Bancil AS, Lindsay JO, Chassaing B. Ultra-processed foods and food additives in gut health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:406-427. [PMID: 38388570 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and food additives have become ubiquitous components of the modern human diet. There is increasing evidence of an association between diets rich in UPFs and gut disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer and irritable bowel syndrome. Food additives are added to many UPFs and have themselves been shown to affect gut health. For example, evidence shows that some emulsifiers, sweeteners, colours, and microparticles and nanoparticles have effects on a range of outcomes, including the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammation. Broadly speaking, evidence for the effect of UPFs on gut disease comes from observational epidemiological studies, whereas, by contrast, evidence for the effect of food additives comes largely from preclinical studies conducted in vitro or in animal models. Fewer studies have investigated the effect of UPFs or food additives on gut health and disease in human intervention studies. Hence, the aim of this article is to critically review the evidence for the effects of UPF and food additives on gut health and disease and to discuss the clinical application of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Whelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Aaron S Bancil
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James O Lindsay
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, UK
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8
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Osawa R, Fukuda I, Shirai Y. Evaluating functionalities of food components by a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103103. [PMID: 38447326 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this era of pandemics, reducing the risk of lifestyle-related diseases (LRD) by functional foods is of paramount importance. The conventional process of functional food development almost invariably involves in vitro, animal, and human intervention trials, but differences in intestinal environments between humans and experimental animals make it difficult to develop functional foods that are truly effective in humans. Thus, it is necessary to construct a model that simulates the human intestinal environment to evaluate the functionality of any food component before subjecting it to a human intervention trial. In this review, we provide an overview of a model simulating human intestinal microbiota constructed at Kobe University and its use as a tool to identify food components that contribute to the prevention and treatment of LRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ro Osawa
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Itsuko Fukuda
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science & Research Center for Food Safety and Security, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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10
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Uehara M, Inoue T, Hase S, Sasaki E, Toyoda A, Sakakibara Y. Decoding host-microbiome interactions through co-expression network analysis within the non-human primate intestine. mSystems 2024; 9:e0140523. [PMID: 38557130 PMCID: PMC11097647 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01405-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome affects the health status of the host through complex interactions with the host's intestinal wall. These host-microbiome interactions may spatially vary along the physical and chemical environment of the intestine, but these changes remain unknown. This study investigated these intricate relationships through a gene co-expression network analysis based on dual transcriptome profiling of different intestinal sites-cecum, transverse colon, and rectum-of the primate common marmoset. We proposed a gene module extraction algorithm based on the graph theory to find tightly interacting gene modules of the host and the microbiome from a vast co-expression network. The 27 gene modules identified by this method, which include both host and microbiome genes, not only produced results consistent with previous studies regarding the host-microbiome relationships, but also provided new insights into microbiome genes acting as potential mediators in host-microbiome interplays. Specifically, we discovered associations between the host gene FBP1, a cancer marker, and polysaccharide degradation-related genes (pfkA and fucI) coded by Bacteroides vulgatus, as well as relationships between host B cell-specific genes (CD19, CD22, CD79B, and PTPN6) and a tryptophan synthesis gene (trpB) coded by Parabacteroides distasonis. Furthermore, our proposed module extraction algorithm surpassed existing approaches by successfully defining more functionally related gene modules, providing insights for understanding the complex relationship between the host and the microbiome.IMPORTANCEWe unveiled the intricate dynamics of the host-microbiome interactions along the colon by identifying closely interacting gene modules from a vast gene co-expression network, constructed based on simultaneous profiling of both host and microbiome transcriptomes. Our proposed gene module extraction algorithm, designed to interpret inter-species interactions, enabled the identification of functionally related gene modules encompassing both host and microbiome genes, which was challenging with conventional modularity maximization algorithms. Through these identified gene modules, we discerned previously unrecognized bacterial genes that potentially mediate in known relationships between host genes and specific bacterial species. Our findings underscore the spatial variations in host-microbiome interactions along the colon, rather than displaying a uniform pattern throughout the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Uehara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sumitaka Hase
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasubumi Sakakibara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Curvino EJ, Woodruff ME, Roe EF, Freire Haddad H, Cordero Alvarado P, Collier JH. Supramolecular Peptide Self-Assemblies Facilitate Oral Immunization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3041-3056. [PMID: 38623037 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Oral immunization is a promising strategy for preventing and treating gastrointestinal (GI) infections and diseases, as it allows for direct access to the disease site. To elicit immune responses within the GI tract, however, there are many obstacles that oral vaccines must surmount, including proteolytic degradation and thick mucus barriers. Here, we employed a modular self-assembling peptide nanofiber platform to facilitate oral immunization against both peptide and small molecule epitopes. Synthesizing nanofibers with d-amino acids rendered them resistant to proteases in vitro, whereas l-amino acid nanofibers were rapidly degraded. Additionally, the inclusion of peptide sequences rich in proline, alanine, and serine (PAS), increased nanofiber muco-penetration, and accelerated nanofiber transport through the GI tract. Oral immunization with PASylated nanofibers and mucosal adjuvant generated local and systemic immune responses to a peptide epitope but only for l-amino acid nanofibers. Further, we were able to apply this design to also enable oral immunization against a small molecule epitope and illustrated the therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness of these immunizations in mouse models of colitis. These findings demonstrate that supramolecular peptide self-assemblies have promise as oral vaccines and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Curvino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Mia E Woodruff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Emily F Roe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Helena Freire Haddad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Pablo Cordero Alvarado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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12
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James D, Poveda C, Walton GE, Elmore JS, Linden B, Gibson J, Griffin BA, Robertson MD, Lewis MC. Do high-protein diets have the potential to reduce gut barrier function in a sex-dependent manner? Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03407-w. [PMID: 38662018 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired gut barrier function is associated with systemic inflammation and many chronic diseases. Undigested dietary proteins are fermented in the colon by the gut microbiota which produces nitrogenous metabolites shown to reduce barrier function in vitro. With growing evidence of sex-based differences in gut microbiotas, we determined whether there were sex by dietary protein interactions which could differentially impact barrier function via microbiota modification. METHODS Fermentation systems were inoculated with faeces from healthy males (n = 5) and females (n = 5) and supplemented with 0.9 g of non-hydrolysed proteins sourced from whey, fish, milk, soya, egg, pea, or mycoprotein. Microbial populations were quantified using fluorescence in situ hybridisation with flow cytometry. Metabolite concentrations were analysed using gas chromatography, solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ELISA. RESULTS Increased protein availability resulted in increased proteolytic Bacteroides spp (p < 0.01) and Clostridium coccoides (p < 0.01), along with increased phenol (p < 0.01), p-cresol (p < 0.01), indole (p = 0.018) and ammonia (p < 0.01), varying by protein type. Counts of Clostridium cluster IX (p = 0.03) and concentration of p-cresol (p = 0.025) increased in males, while females produced more ammonia (p = 0.02), irrespective of protein type. Further, we observed significant sex-protein interactions affecting bacterial populations and metabolites (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that protein fermentation by the gut microbiota in vitro is influenced by both protein source and the donor's sex. Should these results be confirmed through human studies, they could have major implications for developing dietary recommendations tailored by sex to prevent chronic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel James
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.
| | - Carlos Poveda
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Gemma E Walton
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - J Stephen Elmore
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Brandon Linden
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - John Gibson
- Food and Feed Innovations, Woodstock, Newcastle Rd, Woore, N Shropshire, CW3 95N, UK
| | - Bruce A Griffin
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - M Denise Robertson
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Marie C Lewis
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK
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13
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Ran R, Muñoz Briones J, Jena S, Anderson NL, Olson MR, Green LN, Brubaker DK. Detailed survey of an in vitro intestinal epithelium model by single-cell transcriptomics. iScience 2024; 27:109383. [PMID: 38523788 PMCID: PMC10959667 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The co-culture of two adult human colorectal cancer cell lines, Caco-2 and HT29, on Transwell is commonly used as an in vitro gut mimic, yet the translatability of insights from such a system to adult human physiological contexts is not fully characterized. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing on the co-culture to obtain a detailed survey of cell type heterogeneity in the system and conducted a holistic comparison with human physiology. We identified the intestinal stem cell-, transit amplifying-, enterocyte-, goblet cell-, and enteroendocrine-like cells in the system. In general, the co-culture was fetal intestine-like, with less variety of gene expression compared to the adult human gut. Transporters for major types of nutrients were found in the majority of the enterocytes-like cells in the system. TLR 4 was not expressed in the sample, indicating that the co-culture model is incapable of mimicking the innate immune aspect of the human epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ran
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Javier Muñoz Briones
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Smrutiti Jena
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nicole L. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Matthew R. Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Leopold N. Green
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Douglas K. Brubaker
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- The Blood, Heart, Lung, and Immunology Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA
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14
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Way R, Templeton H, Ball D, Cheng MH, Tobet SA, Chen T. A Microphysiological System for Studying Barrier Health of Live Tissues in Real Time. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4078220. [PMID: 38659839 PMCID: PMC11042443 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4078220/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial cells create barriers that protect many different components in the body from their external environment. The gut in particular carries bacteria and other infectious agents. A healthy gut epithelial barrier prevents unwanted substances from accessing the underlying lamina propria while maintaining the ability to digest and absorb nutrients. Increased gut barrier permeability, better known as leaky gut, has been linked to several chronic inflammatory diseases. Yet understanding the cause of leaky gut and developing effective interventions are still elusive due to the lack of tools to maintain tissue's physiological environment while elucidating cellular functions under various stimuli ex vivo. This paper presents a microphysiological system capable of recording real-time barrier permeability of mouse gut tissues in a realistic physiological environment over extended durations. Key components of the microphysiological system include a microfluidic chamber designed to hold the live tissue explant and create a sufficient microphysiological environment to maintain tissue viability; proper media composition that preserves a microbiome and creates necessary oxygen gradients across the barrier; integrated sensor electrodes and supporting electronics for acquiring and calculating transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER); and a scalable system architecture to allow multiple chambers running in parallel for increased throughput. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can maintain tissue viability for up to 72 hours. The results also show that the custom-built and integrated TEER sensors are sufficiently sensitive to distinguish differing levels of barrier permeability when treated with collagenase and low pH media compared to control. Permeability variations in tissue explants from different positions in the intestinal tract were also investigated using TEER revealing their disparities in permeability. Finally, the results also quantitatively determine the effect of the muscle layer on total epithelial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Way
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hayley Templeton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Ball
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ming-Hao Cheng
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Stuart A Tobet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Chen
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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15
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Wang C, Guo H, Bai J, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q. The roles of different Bacteroides uniformis strains in alleviating DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and related functional genes. Food Funct 2024; 15:3327-3339. [PMID: 38465411 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacteroides is a common intestinal bacterium closely associated with host colitis. However, relevant studies have been focused on the genus level, which could not identify the major Bacteroides species associated with intestinal disease. Thus, we have evaluated the Bacteroides species structure in healthy people and mouse intestinal tracts and explored the change in major Bacteroides species during colitis development. The results demonstrated that B. uniformis with a high abundance in the intestinal tract of healthy people and mice may be a core species that contributes to colitis remission. The results of animal experiments reported that B. uniformis FNMHLBE1K1 (1K1) could alleviate the severity of colitis and enhance the expression of the tight junction protein occludin by regulating gut microbiota. Notably, the protective roles of 1K1 may be attributed to some specific genes. This study revealed that B. uniformis is a key microbe influencing the occurrence and development of colitis and it provides a scientific basis for screening the next generation of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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16
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Liu T, Gu J, Fu C, Su L. Three-Dimensional Scaffolds for Intestinal Cell Culture: Fabrication, Utilization, and Prospects. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:158-175. [PMID: 37646409 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is a visceral organ that integrates absorption, metabolism, and immunity, which is vulnerable to external stimulus. Researchers in the fields such as food science, immunology, and pharmacology have committed to developing appropriate in vitro intestinal cell models to study the intestinal absorption and metabolism mechanisms of various nutrients and drugs, or pathogenesis of intestinal diseases. In the past three decades, the intestinal cell models have undergone a significant transformation from conventional two-dimensional cultures to three-dimensional (3D) systems, and the achievements of 3D cell culture have been greatly contributed by the fabrication of different scaffolds. In this review, we first introduce the developing trend of existing intestinal models. Then, four types of scaffolds, including Transwell, hydrogel, tubular scaffolds, and intestine-on-a-chip, are discussed for their 3D structure, composition, advantages, and limitations in the establishment of intestinal cell models. Excitingly, some of the in vitro intestinal cell models based on these scaffolds could successfully mimic the 3D structure, microenvironment, mechanical peristalsis, fluid system, signaling gradients, or other important aspects of the original human intestine. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of the intestinal cell models in drug screening, disease modeling, and even regenerative repair of intestinal tissues. This review presents an overview of state-of-the-art scaffold-based cell models within the context of intestines, and highlights their major advances and applications contributing to a better knowledge of intestinal diseases. Impact statement The intestine tract is crucial in the absorption and metabolism of nutrients and drugs, as well as immune responses against external pathogens or antigens in a complex microenvironment. The appropriate experimental cell model in vitro is needed for in-depth studies of intestines, due to the limitation of animal models in dynamic control and real-time assessment of key intestinal physiological and pathological processes, as well as the "R" principles in laboratory animal experiments. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffold-based cell cultivation has become a developing tendency because of the superior cell proliferation and differentiation and more physiologically relevant environment supported by the customized 3D scaffolds. In this review, we summarize four types of up-to-date 3D cell culture scaffolds fabricated by various materials and techniques for a better recapitulation of some essential physiological and functional characteristics of original intestines compared to conventional cell models. These emerging 3D intestinal models have shown promising results in not only evaluating the pharmacokinetic characteristics, security, and effectiveness of drugs, but also studying the pathological mechanisms of intestinal diseases at cellular and molecular levels. Importantly, the weakness of the representative 3D models for intestines is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Gu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Caili Fu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingshan Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Bornbusch SL, Power ML, Schulkin J, Drea CM, Maslanka MT, Muletz-Wolz CR. Integrating microbiome science and evolutionary medicine into animal health and conservation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:458-477. [PMID: 37956701 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome science has provided groundbreaking insights into human and animal health. Similarly, evolutionary medicine - the incorporation of eco-evolutionary concepts into primarily human medical theory and practice - is increasingly recognised for its novel perspectives on modern diseases. Studies of host-microbe relationships have been expanded beyond humans to include a wide range of animal taxa, adding new facets to our understanding of animal ecology, evolution, behaviour, and health. In this review, we propose that a broader application of evolutionary medicine, combined with microbiome science, can provide valuable and innovative perspectives on animal care and conservation. First, we draw on classic ecological principles, such as alternative stable states, to propose an eco-evolutionary framework for understanding variation in animal microbiomes and their role in animal health and wellbeing. With a focus on mammalian gut microbiomes, we apply this framework to populations of animals under human care, with particular relevance to the many animal species that suffer diseases linked to gut microbial dysfunction (e.g. gut distress and infection, autoimmune disorders, obesity). We discuss diet and microbial landscapes (i.e. the microbes in the animal's external environment), as two factors that are (i) proposed to represent evolutionary mismatches for captive animals, (ii) linked to gut microbiome structure and function, and (iii) potentially best understood from an evolutionary medicine perspective. Keeping within our evolutionary framework, we highlight the potential benefits - and pitfalls - of modern microbial therapies, such as pre- and probiotics, faecal microbiota transplants, and microbial rewilding. We discuss the limited, yet growing, empirical evidence for the use of microbial therapies to modulate animal gut microbiomes beneficially. Interspersed throughout, we propose 12 actionable steps, grounded in evolutionary medicine, that can be applied to practical animal care and management. We encourage that these actionable steps be paired with integration of eco-evolutionary perspectives into our definitions of appropriate animal care standards. The evolutionary perspectives proposed herein may be best appreciated when applied to the broad diversity of species under human care, rather than when solely focused on humans. We urge animal care professionals, veterinarians, nutritionists, scientists, and others to collaborate on these efforts, allowing for simultaneous care of animal patients and the generation of valuable empirical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Bornbusch
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Michael L Power
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Jay Schulkin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 356460, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christine M Drea
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, 104 Biological Sciences, Campus Box 90383, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Michael T Maslanka
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
| | - Carly R Muletz-Wolz
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA
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18
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Williams LM, Cao S. Harnessing and delivering microbial metabolites as therapeutics via advanced pharmaceutical approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108605. [PMID: 38367866 PMCID: PMC10985132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have emerged as key players in the interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and host health. Two major classes, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, are recognized to regulate inflammatory, immune, and metabolic responses within the host. Given that many human diseases are associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and consequent reductions in microbial metabolite production, the administration of these metabolites represents a direct, multi-targeted treatment. While a multitude of preclinical studies showcase the therapeutic potential of both SCFAs and Trp metabolites, they often rely on high doses and frequent dosing regimens to achieve systemic effects, thereby constraining their clinical applicability. To address these limitations, a variety of pharmaceutical formulations approaches that enable targeted, delayed, and/or sustained microbial metabolite delivery have been developed. These approaches, including enteric encapsulations, esterification to dietary fiber, prodrugs, and nanoformulations, pave the way for the next generation of microbial metabolite-based therapeutics. In this review, we first provide an overview of the roles of microbial metabolites in maintaining host homeostasis and outline how compromised metabolite production contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory, metabolic, autoimmune, allergic, infectious, and cancerous diseases. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic potential of metabolites in these disease contexts. Then, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the pharmaceutical strategies that have been employed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of microbial metabolites, with a focus on SCFAs and Trp metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Shijie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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19
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Hatton-Jones KM, West NP, Thang MW, Chen PY, Davoren P, Cripps AW, Cox AJ. Gut Microbiome and Metabolic and Immune Indices in Males with or without Evidence of Metabolic Dysregulation. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:64-75. [PMID: 38508778 PMCID: PMC11000514 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The contributions of the gut microbiota to obesity and metabolic disease represent a potentially modifiable factor that may explain variation in risk between individuals. This study aimed to explore relationships among microbial composition and imputed functional attributes, a range of soluble metabolic and immune indices, and gene expression markers in males with or without evidence of metabolic dysregulation (MetDys). Methods This case-control study included healthy males (n=15; 41.9±11.7 years; body mass index [BMI], 22.9±1.2 kg/m2) and males with evidence of MetDys (n=14; 46.6±10.0 years; BMI, 35.1±3.3 kg/m2) who provided blood and faecal samples for assessment of a range of metabolic and immune markers and microbial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metagenomic functions were imputed from microbial sequence data for analysis. Results In addition to elevated values in a range of traditional metabolic, adipokine and inflammatory indices in the MetDys group, 23 immunomodulatory genes were significantly altered in the MetDys group. Overall microbial diversity did not differ between groups; however, a trend for a higher relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes (P=0.06) and a lower relative abundance of the Verrucomicrobia (P=0.09) phyla was noted in the MetDys group. Using both family- and genera-level classifications, a partial least square discriminant analysis revealed unique microbial signatures between the groups. Conclusion These findings confirm the need for ongoing investigations in human clinical cohorts to further resolve the relationships between the gut microbiota and metabolic and immune markers and risk for metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M. Hatton-Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Nicholas P. West
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Mike W.C. Thang
- QCIF Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Pin-Yen Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Peter Davoren
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
| | - Allan W. Cripps
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Amanda J. Cox
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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20
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Feng C, Li N, Gao G, He Q, Kwok LY, Zhang H. Dynamic Changes of the Gut Microbiota and Its Functional Metagenomic Potential during the Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3768. [PMID: 38612577 PMCID: PMC11011768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a significant role in tumor pathogenesis by regulating the host metabolism and immune response, and there are few studies focused on tracking changes in the gut microbiota from the onset of lung cancer. Therefore, the aim of our study is combining preclinical and clinical research to thoroughly analyze the signatures of fecal microbiota in lung cancer, which will be useful for early diagnosis and predicting the therapeutic efficacy of lung cancer. The first part of this study analyzed the fecal metagenomic differences between patients with non-small cell lung cancer and healthy subjects, and the second part of this work constructed a murine lung cancer model to monitor changes in mouse fecal metagenomics and T cell immunology during lung cancer progression. We found that the fecal microbiota was altered in both humans and mice with lung cancer, characterized by a significantly reduced microbial diversity and number of beneficial microbes, with increases in potential pathogens. The fecal level of Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut metabolic module of the secondary bile acid metabolism were diminished in both humans and mice with lung cancer compared with healthy subjects. Splenomegaly was observed in the lung cancer mice. Flow cytometer analysis of the splenocytes revealed substantial alterations in the proportions of T cell subsets in the lung cancer mice, characterized by significant increases in CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ T regulatory cells (p < 0.05) while significant decreases in CD3+ T cells (p < 0.001), CD4+ T cells (p < 0.001), and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (p < 0.01). Vertical and longitudinal analyses of the fecal microbiota of the two mouse groups identified some lung cancer biomarkers (including Acutalibacter timonensis, Lachnospiraceae bacterium NSJ-38 sp014337195, etc.). The fecal microbiota of the lung cancer mice had a reduced metagenomic potential for neurotransmitters (melatonin, γ-aminobutyric acid, and histamine) compared with healthy mice. In summary, this study found that the diversity, structure, and composition of gut microbiota vary between cancer and healthy conditions, ultimately leading to changes in the potential for functional metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijiao Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Na Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Guangqi Gao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qiuwen He
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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21
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Jans M, Vereecke L. A guide to germ-free and gnotobiotic mouse technology to study health and disease. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38523409 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota has major influence on human physiology and modulates health and disease. Complex host-microbe interactions regulate various homeostatic processes, including metabolism and immune function, while disturbances in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) are associated with a plethora of human diseases and are believed to modulate disease initiation, progression and therapy response. The vast complexity of the human microbiota and its metabolic output represents a great challenge in unraveling the molecular basis of host-microbe interactions in specific physiological contexts. To increase our understanding of these interactions, functional microbiota research using animal models in a reductionistic setting are essential. In the dynamic landscape of gut microbiota research, the use of germ-free and gnotobiotic mouse technology, in which causal disease-driving mechanisms can be dissected, represents a pivotal investigative tool for functional microbiota research in health and disease, in which causal disease-driving mechanisms can be dissected. A better understanding of the health-modulating functions of the microbiota opens perspectives for improved therapies in many diseases. In this review, we discuss practical considerations for the design and execution of germ-free and gnotobiotic experiments, including considerations around germ-free rederivation and housing conditions, route and timing of microbial administration, and dosing protocols. This comprehensive overview aims to provide researchers with valuable insights for improved experimental design in the field of functional microbiota research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Jans
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Belgium
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22
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Czarnowski P, Bałabas A, Kułaga Z, Kulecka M, Goryca K, Pyśniak K, Unrug-Bielawska K, Kluska A, Bagińska-Drabiuk K, Głowienka-Stodolak M, Piątkowska M, Dąbrowska M, Żeber-Lubecka N, Wierzbicka-Rucińska A, Kotowska A, Więckowski S, Mikula M, Kapuśniak J, Socha P, Ostrowski J. Effects of Soluble Dextrin Fiber from Potato Starch on Body Weight and Associated Gut Dysbiosis Are Evident in Western Diet-Fed Mice but Not in Overweight/Obese Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:917. [PMID: 38612951 PMCID: PMC11013109 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study investigated the impact of starch degradation products (SDexF) as prebiotics on obesity management in mice and overweight/obese children. METHODS A total of 48 mice on a normal diet (ND) and 48 on a Western diet (WD) were divided into subgroups with or without 5% SDexF supplementation for 28 weeks. In a human study, 100 overweight/obese children were randomly assigned to prebiotic and control groups, consuming fruit and vegetable mousse with or without 10 g of SDexF for 24 weeks. Stool samples were analyzed for microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and amino acids (AA) were assessed. RESULTS Results showed SDexF slowed weight gain in female mice on both diets but only temporarily in males. It altered bacterial diversity and specific taxa abundances in mouse feces. In humans, SDexF did not influence weight loss or gut microbiota composition, showing minimal changes in individual taxa. The anti-obesity effect observed in mice with WD-induced obesity was not replicated in children undergoing a weight-loss program. CONCLUSIONS SDexF exhibited sex-specific effects in mice but did not impact weight loss or microbiota composition in overweight/obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Czarnowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aneta Bałabas
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Zbigniew Kułaga
- Public Health Department, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
- Genomic Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimiera Pyśniak
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Unrug-Bielawska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Anna Kluska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Bagińska-Drabiuk
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Głowienka-Stodolak
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Piątkowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Michalina Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Natalia Żeber-Lubecka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka-Rucińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aneta Kotowska
- Public Health Department, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Sebastian Więckowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Eating Disorders, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (S.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
| | - Janusz Kapuśniak
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland;
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Eating Disorders, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (S.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (P.C.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (K.G.); (K.P.); (K.U.-B.); (A.K.); (K.B.-D.); (M.G.-S.); (M.P.); (M.D.); (N.Ż.-L.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Liu Q, Yang Y, Pan M, Yang F, Yu Y, Qian Z. Role of the gut microbiota in tumorigenesis and treatment. Theranostics 2024; 14:2304-2328. [PMID: 38646653 PMCID: PMC11024857 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a crucial component of the intricate microecosystem within the human body that engages in interactions with the host and influences various physiological processes and pathological conditions. In recent years, the association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and tumorigenesis has garnered increasing attention, as it is recognized as a hallmark of cancer within the scientific community. However, only a few microorganisms have been identified as potential drivers of tumorigenesis, and enhancing the molecular understanding of this process has substantial scientific importance and clinical relevance for cancer treatment. In this review, we delineate the impact of the gut microbiota on tumorigenesis and treatment in multiple types of cancer while also analyzing the associated molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss the utility of gut microbiota data in cancer diagnosis and patient stratification. We further outline current research on harnessing microorganisms for cancer treatment while also analyzing the prospects and challenges associated with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingya Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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24
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Jimonet P, Druart C, Blanquet-Diot S, Boucinha L, Kourula S, Le Vacon F, Maubant S, Rabot S, Van de Wiele T, Schuren F, Thomas V, Walther B, Zimmermann M. Gut Microbiome Integration in Drug Discovery and Development of Small Molecules. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:274-287. [PMID: 38307852 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microbiomes, particularly in the gut, could have a major impact on the efficacy and toxicity of drugs. However, gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process. Medicen, a Paris-based human health innovation cluster, has gathered more than 30 international leading experts from pharma, academia, biotech, clinical research organizations, and regulatory science to develop proposals to facilitate the integration of microbiome science into drug discovery and development. Seven subteams were formed to cover the complementary expertise areas of 1) pharma experience and case studies, 2) in silico microbiome-drug interaction, 3) in vitro microbial stability screening, 4) gut fermentation models, 5) animal models, 6) microbiome integration in clinical and regulatory aspects, and 7) microbiome ecosystems and models. Each expert team produced a state-of-the-art report of their respective field highlighting existing microbiome-related tools at every stage of drug discovery and development. The most critical limitations are the growing, but still limited, drug-microbiome interaction data to produce predictive models and the lack of agreed-upon standards despite recent progress. In this paper we will report on and share proposals covering 1) how microbiome tools can support moving a compound from drug discovery to clinical proof-of-concept studies and alert early on potential undesired properties stemming from microbiome-induced drug metabolism and 2) how microbiome data can be generated and integrated in pharmacokinetic models that are predictive of the human situation. Examples of drugs metabolized by the microbiome will be discussed in detail to support recommendations from the working group. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process despite growing evidence of drugs' efficacy and safety impacted by their interaction with the microbiome. This paper will detail existing microbiome-related tools covering every stage of drug discovery and development, current progress, and limitations, as well as recommendations to integrate them into the drug discovery and development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jimonet
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Céline Druart
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stephanie Kourula
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Françoise Le Vacon
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Maubant
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Frank Schuren
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Vincent Thomas
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Bernard Walther
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Michael Zimmermann
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
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25
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Moore ML, Ford JL, Schladweiler MC, Dye JA, Jackson TW, Miller CN. Gut metabolic changes during pregnancy reveal the importance of gastrointestinal region in sample collection. Metabolomics 2024; 20:40. [PMID: 38460019 PMCID: PMC11168590 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies of gastrointestinal physiology and the gut microbiome often consider the influence of intestinal region on experimental endpoints. However, this same consideration is not often applied to the gut metabolome. Understanding the contribution of gut regionality may be critically important to the rapidly changing metabolic environments, such as during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES We sought to characterize the difference in the gut metabolome in pregnant mice stratified by region-comparing the small intestine, cecum, and feces. Pre-pregnancy feces were collected to understand the influence of pregnancy on the fecal metabolome. METHODS Feces were collected from CD-1 female mice before breeding. On gestation day (GD) 18, gut contents were collected from the small intestine, cecum, and descending colon. Metabolites were analyzed with LC-MS/MS using the Biocrates MetaboINDICATOR™ MxP® Quant 500 kit. RESULTS Of the 104 small molecule metabolites meeting analysis criteria, we found that 84 (81%) were differentially abundant based on gut region. The most significant regional comparison observed was between the cecum and small intestines, with 52 (50%) differentially abundant metabolites. Pregnancy itself altered 41 (39.4%) fecal small molecule metabolites. CONCLUSIONS The regional variation observed in the gut metabolome are likely due to the microbial and physiological differences between the different parts of the intestines. Additionally, pregnancy impacts the fecal metabolome, which may be due to evolving needs of both the dam and fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makala L Moore
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jermaine L Ford
- Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mette C Schladweiler
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Janice A Dye
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Thomas W Jackson
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Colette N Miller
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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26
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Göritzer K, Groppelli E, Grünwald-Gruber C, Figl R, Ni F, Hu H, Li Y, Liu Y, Hu Q, Puligedda RD, Jung JW, Strasser R, Dessain S, Ma JKC. Recombinant neutralizing secretory IgA antibodies for preventing mucosal acquisition and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Mol Ther 2024; 32:689-703. [PMID: 38268188 PMCID: PMC10928148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Passive delivery of antibodies to mucosal sites may be a valuable adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination to prevent infection, treat viral carriage, or block transmission. Neutralizing monoclonal IgG antibodies are already approved for systemic delivery, and several clinical trials have been reported for delivery to mucosal sites where SARS-CoV-2 resides and replicates in early infection. However, secretory IgA may be preferred because the polymeric complex is adapted for the harsh, unstable external mucosal environment. Here, we investigated the feasibility of producing neutralizing monoclonal IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We engineered two class-switched mAbs that express well as monomeric and secretory IgA (SIgA) variants with high antigen-binding affinities and increased stability in mucosal secretions compared to their IgG counterparts. SIgAs had stronger virus neutralization activities than IgG mAbs and were protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection in an in vivo murine model. Furthermore, SIgA1 can be aerosolized for topical delivery using a mesh nebulizer. Our findings provide a persuasive case for developing recombinant SIgAs for mucosal application as a new tool in the fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Göritzer
- Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
| | - Elisabetta Groppelli
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Clemens Grünwald-Gruber
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Figl
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Fengfeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuncheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Jae-Wan Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Scott Dessain
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA
| | - Julian K-C Ma
- Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
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Balasubramanian R, Schneider E, Gunnigle E, Cotter PD, Cryan JF. Fermented foods: Harnessing their potential to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis for mental health. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105562. [PMID: 38278378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, whole food supplementation strategies have been leveraged to target mental health. In addition, there has been increasing attention on the ability of gut microbes, so called psychobiotics, to positively impact behaviour though the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Fermented foods offer themselves as a combined whole food microbiota modulating intervention. Indeed, they contain potentially beneficial microbes, microbial metabolites and other bioactives, which are being harnessed to target the microbiota-gut-brain axis for positive benefits. This review highlights the diverse nature of fermented foods in terms of the raw materials used and type of fermentation employed, and summarises their potential to shape composition of the gut microbiota, the gut to brain communication pathways including the immune system and, ultimately, modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Throughout, we identify knowledge gaps and challenges faced in designing human studies for investigating the mental health-promoting potential of individual fermented foods or components thereof. Importantly, we also suggest solutions that can advance understanding of the therapeutic merit of fermented foods to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Balasubramanian
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61C996, County Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Eoin Gunnigle
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61C996, County Cork, Ireland.
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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28
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Hernández-Cabanyero C, Vonaesch P. Ectopic colonization by oral bacteria as an emerging theme in health and disease. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuae012. [PMID: 38650052 PMCID: PMC11065354 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of research papers published on the involvement of the oral microbiota in systemic diseases has grown exponentially over the last 4 years clearly demonstrating the growing interest in this field. Indeed, accumulating evidence highlights the central role of ectopic colonization by oral bacteria in numerous noncommunicable diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), undernutrition, preterm birth, neurological diseases, liver diseases, lung diseases, heart diseases, or colonic cancer. There is thus much interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to the colonization and maintenance of ectopic oral bacteria. The aim of this review is to summarize and conceptualize the current knowledge about ectopic colonization by oral bacteria, highlight wherever possible the underlying molecular mechanisms and describe its implication in health and disease. The focus lies on the newly discovered molecular mechanisms, showcasing shared pathophysiological mechanisms across different body sites and syndromes and highlighting open questions in the field regarding the pathway from oral microbiota dysbiosis to noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Hernández-Cabanyero
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Vonaesch
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jandova J, Schiro G, Duca FA, Laubitz D, Wondrak GT. Exposure to chlorinated drinking water alters the murine fecal microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169933. [PMID: 38199366 PMCID: PMC10842530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
An abundant body of scientific studies and regulatory guidelines substantiates antimicrobial efficacy of freshwater chlorination ensuring drinking water safety in large populations worldwide. In contrast to the purposeful use of chlorination ensuring antimicrobial safety of drinking water, only a limited body of research has addressed the molecular impact of chlorinated drinking water exposure on the gut microbiota. Here, for the first time, we have examined the differential effects of drinking water regimens stratified by chlorination agent [inorganic (HOCl) versus chloramine (TCIC)] on the C57BL/6J murine fecal microbiota. To this end, we exposed C57BL/6J mice to chlorinated drinking water regimens followed by fecal bacterial microbiota analysis at the end of the three-week feeding period employing 16S rRNA sequencing. α-diversity was strongly reduced when comparing chlorinated versus control drinking water groups and community dissimilarities (β-diversity) were significant between groups even when comparing HOCl and TCIC. We detected significant differences in fecal bacterial composition as a function of drinking water chlorination observable at the phylum and genus levels. Differential abundance analysis of select amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) revealed changes as a function of chlorination exposure [up: Lactobacillus ASV1; Akkermansia muciniphila ASV7; Clostridium ss1 ASV10; down: Ileibacterium valens ASV5; Desulfovibrio ASV11; Lachnospiraceae UCG-006 ASV15]. Given the established complexity of murine and human gastrointestinal microbiota and their role in health and disease, the translational relevance of the chlorination-induced changes documented by us for the first time in the fecal murine microbiota remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jandova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R.K. Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Frank A Duca
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Daniel Laubitz
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R.K. Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
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30
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Gu P, Xie L, Chen T, Yang Q, Zhang X, Liu R, Guo J, Wei R, Li D, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Gong W, Chen P. An engineered Escherichia coli Nissle strain prevents lethal liver injury in a mouse model of tyrosinemia type 1. J Hepatol 2024; 80:454-466. [PMID: 37952766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) results from the loss of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) activity and can lead to lethal liver injury. Therapeutic options for HT1 remain limited. In this study, we aimed to construct an engineered bacterium capable of reprogramming host metabolism and thereby provide a potential alternative approach for the treatment of HT1. METHODS Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was engineered to express genes involved in tyrosine metabolism in the anoxic conditions that are characteristic of the intestine (EcN-HT). Bodyweight, survival rate, plasma (tyrosine/liver function), H&E staining and RNA sequencing were used to assess its ability to degrade tyrosine and protect against lethal liver injury in Fah-knockout (KO) mice, a well-accepted model of HT1. RESULTS EcN-HT consumed tyrosine and produced L-DOPA (levodopa) in an in vitro system. Importantly, in Fah-KO mice, the oral administration of EcN-HT enhanced tyrosine degradation, reduced the accumulation of toxic metabolites, and protected against lethal liver injury. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that EcN-HT rescued the global gene expression pattern in the livers of Fah-KO mice, particularly of genes involved in metabolic signaling and liver homeostasis. Moreover, EcN-HT treatment was found to be safe and well-tolerated in the mouse intestine. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of an engineered live bacterium that can degrade tyrosine and alleviate lethal liver injury in mice with HT1. EcN-HT represents a novel engineered probiotic with the potential to treat this condition. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Patients with hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) are characterized by an inability to metabolize tyrosine normally and suffer from liver failure, renal dysfunction, neurological impairments, and cancer. Given the overlap and complementarity between the host and microbial metabolic pathways, the gut microbiome provides a potential chance to regulate host metabolism through degradation of tyrosine and reduction of byproducts that might be toxic. Herein, we demonstrated that an engineered live bacterium, EcN-HT, could enhance tyrosine breakdown, reduce the accumulation of toxic tyrosine byproducts, and protect against lethal liver injury in Fah-knockout mice. These findings suggested that engineered live biotherapeutics that can degrade tyrosine in the gut may represent a viable and safe strategy for the prevention of lethal liver injury in HT1 as well as the mitigation of its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xianglong Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruofan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rongjuan Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518110, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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31
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Schwärzler J, Mayr L, Grabherr F, Tilg H, Adolph TE. Epithelial metabolism as a rheostat for intestinal inflammation and malignancy. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00004-7. [PMID: 38341347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut epithelium protects the host from a potentially hostile environment while allowing nutrient uptake that is vital for the organism. To maintain this delicate task, the gut epithelium has evolved multilayered cellular functions ranging from mucus production to hormone release and orchestration of mucosal immunity. Here, we review the execution of intestinal epithelial metabolism in health and illustrate how perturbation of epithelial metabolism affects experimental gut inflammation and tumorigenesis. We also discuss the impact of environmental factors and host-microbe interactions on epithelial metabolism in the context of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. Insights into epithelial metabolism hold promise to unravel mechanisms of organismal health that may be therapeutically exploited in humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schwärzler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Grabherr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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32
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Wang D, Russel WA, Macdonald KM, De Leon VM, Ay A, Belanger KD. Analysis of the gut microbiome in sled dogs reveals glucosamine- and activity-related effects on gut microbial composition. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1272711. [PMID: 38384960 PMCID: PMC10879321 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1272711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The composition of the microbiome influences many aspects of physiology and health, and can be altered by environmental factors, including diet and activity. Glucosamine is a dietary supplement often administered to address arthritic symptoms in humans, dogs, and other mammals. To investigate how gut microbial composition varies with glucosamine supplementation, we performed 16S rRNA sequence analysis of fecal samples from 24 Alaskan and Inuit huskies and used mixed effects models to investigate associations with activity, age, and additional factors. Glucosamine ingestion, age, activity, sex, and diet were correlated with differences in alpha-diversity, with diversity decreasing in dogs consuming glucosamine. Beta-diversity analysis revealed clustering of dogs based on glucosamine supplementation status. Glucosamine supplementation and exercise-related activity were associated with greater inter-individual pairwise distances. At the family level, Lactobacillaceae and Anaerovoracaceae relative abundances were lower in supplemented dogs when activity was accounted for. At the genus level, Eubacterium [brachy], Sellimonus, Parvibacter, and an unclassified genus belonging to the same family as Parvibacter (Eggerthellaceae) all were lower in supplemented dogs, but only significantly so post-activity. Our findings suggest that glucosamine supplementation alters microbiome composition in sled dogs, particularly in the context of exercise-related activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, United States
- Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, United States
| | - William A. Russel
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Ahmet Ay
- Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, United States
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, United States
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González A, Fullaondo A, Odriozola A. Techniques, procedures, and applications in microbiome analysis. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2024; 111:81-115. [PMID: 38908906 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms living in a defined environment. Until the 20th century, knowledge of microbiota was partial, as the techniques available for their characterization were primarily based on bacteriological culture. In the last twenty years, the development of DNA sequencing technologies, multi-omics, and bioinformatics has expanded our understanding of microorganisms. We have moved from mainly considering them isolated disease-causing agents to recognizing the microbiota as an essential component of host biology. These techniques have shown that the microbiome plays essential roles in various host phenotypes, influencing development, physiology, reproduction, and evolution. This chapter provides researchers with a summary of the primary concepts, sample collection, experimental techniques, and bioinformatics analysis commonly used in microbiome research. The main features, applications in microbiome studies, and their advantages and limitations are included in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana González
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
| | - Asier Fullaondo
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Adrián Odriozola
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
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Rizzo SM, Vergna LM, Alessandri G, Lee C, Fontana F, Lugli GA, Carnevali L, Bianchi MG, Barbetti M, Taurino G, Sgoifo A, Bussolati O, Turroni F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. GH136-encoding gene (perB) is involved in gut colonization and persistence by Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14406. [PMID: 38271233 PMCID: PMC10884991 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are commensal microorganisms that typically inhabit the mammalian gut, including that of humans. As they may be vertically transmitted, they commonly colonize the human intestine from the very first day following birth and may persist until adulthood and old age, although generally at a reduced relative abundance and prevalence compared to infancy. The ability of bifidobacteria to persist in the human intestinal environment has been attributed to genes involved in adhesion to epithelial cells and the encoding of complex carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. Recently, a putative mucin-degrading glycosyl hydrolase belonging to the GH136 family and encoded by the perB gene has been implicated in gut persistence of certain bifidobacterial strains. In the current study, to better characterize the function of this gene, a comparative genomic analysis was performed, revealing the presence of perB homologues in just eight bifidobacterial species known to colonize the human gut, including Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum strains, or in non-human primates. Mucin-mediated growth and adhesion to human intestinal cells, in addition to a rodent model colonization assay, were performed using B. bifidum PRL2010 as a perB prototype and its isogenic perB-insertion mutant. These results demonstrate that perB inactivation reduces the ability of B. bifidum PRL2010 to grow on and adhere to mucin, as well as to persist in the rodent gut niche. These results corroborate the notion that the perB gene is one of the genetic determinants involved in the persistence of B. bifidum PRL2010 in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mirjam Rizzo
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Laura Maria Vergna
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ciaran Lee
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- GenProbio srlParmaItaly
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Luca Carnevali
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Margherita Barbetti
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Andrea Sgoifo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
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Bell V, Varzakas T, Psaltopoulou T, Fernandes T. Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions. Nutrients 2024; 16:258. [PMID: 38257151 PMCID: PMC10820494 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD), a distinctive and often overlooked illness in the 21st century, is a congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises a group of disorders, with sickle cell anemia (SCA) being the most prevalent and serious genotype. Although there have been some systematic reviews of global data, worldwide statistics regarding SCD prevalence, morbidity, and mortality remain scarce. In developed countries with a lower number of sickle cell patients, cutting-edge technologies have led to the development of new treatments. However, in developing settings where sickle cell disease (SCD) is more prevalent, medical management, rather than a cure, still relies on the use of hydroxyurea, blood transfusions, and analgesics. This is a disease that affects red blood cells, consequently affecting most organs in diverse manners. We discuss its etiology and the advent of new technologies, but the aim of this study is to understand the various types of nutrition-related studies involving individuals suffering from SCD, particularly in Africa. The interplay of the environment, food, gut microbiota, along with their respective genomes collectively known as the gut microbiome, and host metabolism is responsible for mediating host metabolic phenotypes and modulating gut microbiota. In addition, it serves the purpose of providing essential nutrients. Moreover, it engages in direct interactions with host homeostasis and the immune system, as well as indirect interactions via metabolites. Nutrition interventions and nutritional care are mechanisms for addressing increased nutrient expenditures and are important aspects of supportive management for patients with SCD. Underprivileged areas in Sub-Saharan Africa should be accompanied by efforts to define and promote of the nutritional aspects of SCD. Their importance is key to maintaining well-being and quality of life, especially because new technologies and products remain limited, while the use of native medicinal plant resources is acknowledged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bell
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Tito Fernandes
- CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
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Tamés H, Sabater C, Royo F, Margolles A, Falcón JM, Ruas-Madiedo P, Ruiz L. Mouse intestinal microbiome modulation by oral administration of a GABA-producing Bifidobacterium adolescentis strain. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0258023. [PMID: 37991375 PMCID: PMC10783132 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02580-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome-brain communication signaling has emerged in recent years as a novel target for intervention with the potential to ameliorate some conditions associated with the central nervous system. Hence, probiotics with capacity to produce neurotransmitters, for instance, have come up as appealing alternatives to treat disorders associated with disbalanced neurotransmitters. Herein, we further deep into the effects of administering a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing Bifidobacterium strain, previously demonstrated to contribute to reduce serum glutamate levels, in the gut microbiome composition and metabolic activity in a mouse model. Our results demonstrate that the GABA-producing strain administration results in a specific pattern of gut microbiota modulation, different from the one observed in animals receiving non-GABA-producing strains. This opens new avenues to delineate the specific mechanisms by which IPLA60004 administration contributes to reducing serum glutamate levels and to ascertain whether this effect could exert health benefits in patients of diseases associated with high-glutamate serum concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Tamés
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carlos Sabater
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Félix Royo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas Y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Falcón
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas Y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Leal F, Zeiringer S, Jeitler R, Costa PF, Roblegg E. A comprehensive overview of advanced dynamic in vitro intestinal and hepatic cell culture models. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2163820. [PMID: 36680530 PMCID: PMC10832944 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2163820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Orally administered drugs pass through the gastrointestinal tract before being absorbed in the small intestine and metabolised in the liver. To test the efficacy and toxicity of drugs, animal models are often employed; however, they are not suitable for investigating drug-tissue interactions and making reliable predictions, since the human organism differs drastically from animals in terms of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of substances. Likewise, simple static in vitro cell culture systems currently used in preclinical drug screening often do not resemble the native characteristics of biological barriers. Dynamic models, on the other hand, provide in vivo-like cell phenotypes and functionalities that offer great potential for safety and efficacy prediction. Herein, current microfluidic in vitro intestinal and hepatic models are reviewed, namely single- and multi-tissue micro-bioreactors, which are associated with different methods of cell cultivation, i.e., scaffold-based versus scaffold-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Leal
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Scarlett Zeiringer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz, Austria
| | - Ramona Jeitler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz, Austria
| | - Pedro F. Costa
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz, Austria
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Wang Y, Shen R, Liu M, Zhou Q, Zhai YH, Fan LH, Lan YZ, Zhu XD. Metagenomic analysis of Tongxie Yaofang therapy for rat models of ulcerative colitis with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2147221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhangye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Zhangye City, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-hui Zhai
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-hui Fan
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-ze Lan
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-dong Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
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Calvigioni M, Mazzantini D, Celandroni F, Ghelardi E. Animal and In Vitro Models as Powerful Tools to Decipher the Effects of Enteric Pathogens on the Human Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2023; 12:67. [PMID: 38257894 PMCID: PMC10818369 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Examining the interplay between intestinal pathogens and the gut microbiota is crucial to fully comprehend the pathogenic role of enteropathogens and their broader impact on human health. Valid alternatives to human studies have been introduced in laboratory practice to evaluate the effects of infectious agents on the gut microbiota, thereby exploring their translational implications in intestinal functionality and overall health. Different animal species are currently used as valuable models for intestinal infections. In addition, considering the recent advances in bioengineering, futuristic in vitro models resembling the intestinal environment are also available for this purpose. In this review, the impact of the main human enteropathogens (i.e., Clostridioides difficile, Campylobacter jejuni, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus cereus) on intestinal microbial communities is summarized, with specific emphasis on results derived from investigations employing animal and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emilia Ghelardi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.C.)
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Rahman N, Mian MF, Nazli A, Kaushic C. Human vaginal microbiota colonization is regulated by female sex hormones in a mouse model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1307451. [PMID: 38156321 PMCID: PMC10753781 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1307451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinically, a Lactobacillus rich vaginal microbiota (VMB) is considered optimal for reproductive outcomes, while a VMB populated by anaerobes is associated with dysbiosis and the clinical condition bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is linked to increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections and adverse reproductive outcomes. Mouse models that mimic eubiotic and dysbiotic VMB are currently lacking but could play a critical role in improving protective interventions. Methods In this study, probiotic, eubiotic, and dysbiotic models were developed in C57BL/6 mice, using probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14, eubiotic Lactobacillus crispatus, or dysbiotic Gardnerella vaginalis strains. Endogenous sex hormones were manipulated by either ovariectomizing (OVX) mice or administering 17β-estradiol or progesterone pellets in OVX mice. Hormone-altered mice were inoculated with probiotic Lactobacillus species, L. crispatus, or G. vaginalis, and colonization was tracked using quantitative plating assays. Glycogen and MUC-1 levels in hormone-treated mice were determined with ELISA and MUC-1 staining. Results Following a single administration, L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri persisted in the mouse vaginal tract for up to eight days, L. crispatus persisted for up to three days, and G. vaginalis persisted for up to two days, as measured by quantitative plating assays and qPCR. Colonization of G. vaginalis was facilitated by the presence of mucin. The lack of endogenous hormones in OVX mice dramatically decreased VMB bacterial load compared to normal mice. None of the exogenous bacteria including Lactobacilli could colonize OVX mice for more than 24 hours. Treatment with 17β-estradiol but not progesterone restored the endogenous VMB and colonization with Lactobacilli and G. vaginalis. Interestingly, 17β-estradiol treated mice had significantly increased levels of glycogen compared to OVX and progesterone-treated mice. Discussion Based on the results, we have shown that estrogen played a significant role in the ability for human VMB species to colonize in our mouse models, potentially through a glycogen mediated mechanism. These results suggest there is a dynamic interaction between sex hormones and the VMB, which can affect bacterial diversity and the ability for a VMB to colonize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Rahman
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M. Firoz Mian
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aisha Nazli
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Charu Kaushic
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Bornholdt J, Müller CV, Nielsen MJ, Strickertsson J, Rago D, Chen Y, Maciag G, Skov J, Wellejus A, Schweiger PJ, Hansen SL, Broholm C, Gögenur I, Maimets M, Sloth S, Hendel J, Baker A, Sandelin A, Jensen KB. Detecting host responses to microbial stimulation using primary epithelial organoids. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281012. [PMID: 37992398 PMCID: PMC10730191 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is constantly exposed to microbes residing in the lumen. Traditionally, the response to microbial interactions has been studied in cell lines derived from cancerous tissues, e.g. Caco-2. It is, however, unclear how the responses in these cancer cell lines reflect the responses of a normal epithelium and whether there might be microbial strain-specific effects. To address these questions, we derived organoids from the small intestine from a cohort of healthy individuals. Culturing intestinal epithelium on a flat laminin matrix induced their differentiation, facilitating analysis of microbial responses via the apical membrane normally exposed to the luminal content. Here, it was evident that the healthy epithelium across multiple individuals (n = 9) demonstrates robust acute both common and strain-specific responses to a range of probiotic bacterial strains (BB-12Ⓡ, LGGⓇ, DSM33361, and Bif195). Importantly, parallel experiments using the Caco-2 cell line provide no acute response. Collectively, we demonstrate that primary epithelial cells maintained as organoids represent a valuable resource for assessing interactions between the epithelium and luminal microbes across individuals, and that these models are likely to contribute to a better understanding of host microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Bornholdt
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Human Health Research, Chr. Hansen AS, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Christina V. Müller
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Juul Nielsen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Daria Rago
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yun Chen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Human Health Research, Chr. Hansen AS, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Grzegorz Maciag
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Skov
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Wellejus
- Human Health Research, Chr. Hansen AS, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Pawel J. Schweiger
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine L. Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Koge, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martti Maimets
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Sloth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Hendel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Baker
- Human Health Research, Chr. Hansen AS, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Albin Sandelin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim B. Jensen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fenneman AC, van der Spek AH, Hartstra A, Havik S, Salonen A, de Vos WM, Soeters MR, Saeed P, Nieuwdorp M, Rampanelli E. Intestinal permeability is associated with aggravated inflammation and myofibroblast accumulation in Graves' orbitopathy: the MicroGO study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1173481. [PMID: 38107520 PMCID: PMC10724020 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1173481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD) and Graves' orbitopathy (GO) result from ongoing stimulation of the TSH receptor due to autoantibodies acting as persistent agonists. Orbital pre-adipocytes and fibroblasts also express the TSH receptor, resulting in expanded retro-orbital tissue and causing exophthalmos and limited eye movement. Recent studies have shown that GD/GO patients have a disturbed gut microbiome composition, which has been associated with increased intestinal permeability. This study hypothesizes that enhanced intestinal permeability may aggravate orbital inflammation and, thus, increase myofibroblast differentiation and the degree of fibrosis. Methods Two distinct cohorts of GO patients were studied, one of which was a unique cohort consisting of blood, fecal, and retro-orbital tissue samples. Intestinal permeability was assessed by measuring serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), zonulin, TLR5, and TLR9 ligands. The influx of macrophages and accumulation of T-cells and myofibroblast were quantified in orbital connective tissue. The NanoString immune-oncology RNA targets panel was used to determine the transcriptional profile of active fibrotic areas within orbital sections. Results GO patients displayed significantly higher LBP serum concentrations than healthy controls. Within the MicroGO cohort, patients with high serum LBP levels also showed higher levels of zonulin and TLR5 and TLR9 ligands in their circulation. The increased intestinal permeability was accompanied by augmented expression of genes marking immune cell infiltration and encoding key proteins for immune cell adhesion, antigen presentation, and cytokine signaling in the orbital tissue. Macrophage influx was positively linked to the extent of T cell influx and fibroblast activation within GO-affected orbital tissues. Moreover, serum LBP levels significantly correlated with the abundance of specific Gram-negative gut bacteria, linking the gut to local orbital inflammation. Conclusion These results indicate that GO patients have enhanced intestinal permeability. The subsequent translocation of bacterial compounds to the systemic circulation may aggravate inflammatory processes within the orbital tissue and, as a consequence, augment the proportion of activated myofibroblasts, which actively secrete extracellular matrix leading to retro-orbital tissue expansion. These findings warrant further exploration to assess the correlation between specific inflammatory pathways in the orbital tissue and the gut microbiota composition and may pave the way for new microbiota-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C. Fenneman
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne H. van der Spek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annick Hartstra
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Havik
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Maarten R. Soeters
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peeroz Saeed
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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43
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Xu H, Fang F, Wu K, Song J, Li Y, Lu X, Liu J, Zhou L, Yu W, Yu F, Gao J. Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk regulates murine lipid metabolism via the intestinal FXR-FGF19 axis in diet-induced humanized dyslipidemia. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:262. [PMID: 38001551 PMCID: PMC10675972 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet-induced dyslipidemia is linked to the gut microbiota, but the causality of microbiota-host interaction affecting lipid metabolism remains controversial. Here, the humanized dyslipidemia mice model was successfully built by using fecal microbiota transplantation from dyslipidemic donors (FMT-dd) to study the causal role of gut microbiota in diet-induced dyslipidemia. RESULTS We demonstrated that FMT-dd reshaped the gut microbiota of mice by increasing Faecalibaculum and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, which then elevated serum cholicacid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA), reduced bile acid synthesis and increased cholesterol accumulation via the hepatic farnesoid X receptor-small heterodimer partner (FXR-SHP) axis. Nevertheless, high-fat diet led to decreased Muribaculum in the humanized dyslipidemia mice induced by FMT-dd, which resulted in reduced intestinal hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), raised bile acid synthesis and increased lipid absorption via the intestinal farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 19 (FXR-FGF19) axis. CONCLUSIONS Our studies implicated that intestinal FXR is responsible for the regulation of lipid metabolism in diet-induced dyslipidemia mediated by gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Xu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kaizhang Wu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenqing Yu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China.
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44
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Kitamoto S, Kamada N. The oral-gut axis: a missing piece in the IBD puzzle. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:54. [PMID: 37932859 PMCID: PMC10626704 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial intractable intestinal disease. Focusing on only one facet of the pathogenesis of IBD is insufficient to fully capture the complexity of the disease, and results in limited advance in clinical management. Therefore, it is critical to dissect the interactions amongst the multifarious contributors to the pathogenesis to comprehensively understand its pathology and subsequently improve clinical outcomes. In this context, the systemic interactions between organs, particularly the oral-gut axis mediated by host immune cells and resident microorganisms, have garnered significant attention in IBD research. More specifically, periodontal disease such as periodontitis has been implicated in augmenting intestinal inflammation beyond the confines of the oral cavity. There is mounting evidence suggesting that potentially harmful oral resident bacteria, termed pathobionts, and pro-inflammatory immune cells from the oral mucosa can migrate to the gastrointestinal tract, thereby potentiating intestinal inflammation. This article aims to provide a holistic overview of the causal relationship between periodontal disease and intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, we will discuss potential determinants that facilitate the translocation of oral pathobionts into the gut, a key event underpinning the oral-gut axis. Unraveling the complex dynamics of microbiota and immunity in the oral-gut continuum will lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology inherent in both oral and intestinal diseases and the development of prospective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kitamoto
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Lawal SA, Voisin A, Olof H, Bording-Jorgensen M, Armstrong H. Diversity of the microbiota communities found in the various regions of the intestinal tract in healthy individuals and inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242242. [PMID: 38022505 PMCID: PMC10654633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by persistent inflammation and gut damage. There is an increasing recognition that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in IBD development and progression. However, studies of the complete microbiota composition (bacteria, fungi, viruses) from precise locations within the gut remain limited. In particular, studies have focused primarily on the bacteriome, with available methods limiting evaluation of the mycobiome (fungi) and virome (virus). Furthermore, while the different segments of the small and large intestine display different functions (e.g., digestion, absorption, fermentation) and varying microenvironment features (e.g., pH, metabolites), little is known about the biogeography of the microbiota in different segments of the intestinal tract or how this differs in IBD. Here, we highlight evidence of the differing microbiota communities of the intestinal sub-organs in healthy and IBD, along with method summaries to improve future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Adefisoye Lawal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Athalia Voisin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hana Olof
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Heather Armstrong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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46
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Wang C, Bai J, Wang B, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Suo H, Chen W, Zhai Q. Stachyose modulates gut microbiota and alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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47
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Cox A, Bomstein Z, Jayaraman A, Allred C. The intestinal microbiota as mediators between dietary contaminants and host health. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2131-2150. [PMID: 37997859 PMCID: PMC10800128 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231208486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota sit at an important interface between the host and the environment, and are exposed to a multitude of nutritive and non-nutritive substances. These microbiota are critical to maintaining host health, but their supportive roles may be compromised in response to endogenous compounds. Numerous non-nutritive substances are introduced through contaminated foods, with three common groups of contaminants being bisphenols, phthalates, and mycotoxins. The former contaminants are commonly introduced through food and/or beverages packaged in plastic, while mycotoxins contaminate various crops used to feed livestock and humans alike. Each group of contaminants have been shown to shift microbial communities following exposure; however, specific patterns in microbial responses have yet to be identified, and little is known about the capacity of the microbiota to metabolize these contaminants. This review characterizes the state of existing research related to gut microbial responses to and biotransformation of bisphenols, phthalates, and mycotoxins. Collectively, we highlight the need to identify consistent, contaminant-specific responses in microbial shifts, whether these community alterations are a result of contaminant effects on the host or microbiota directly, and to identify the extent of contaminant biotransformation by microbiota, including if these transformations occur in physiologically relevant contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amon Cox
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zach Bomstein
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Clinton Allred
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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Kister B, Viehof A, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schwentker A, Treichel NS, Jennings SA, Wirtz TH, Blank LM, Hornef MW, von Bergen M, Clavel T, Kuepfer L. A physiologically based model of bile acid metabolism in mice. iScience 2023; 26:107922. [PMID: 37817939 PMCID: PMC10561051 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) metabolism is a complex system that includes a wide variety of primary and secondary, as well as conjugated and unconjugated BAs that undergo continuous enterohepatic circulation (EHC). Alterations in both composition and dynamics of BAs have been associated with various diseases. However, a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between altered BA metabolism and related diseases is lacking. Computational modeling may support functional analyses of the physiological processes involved in the EHC of BAs along the gut-liver axis. In this study, we developed a physiologically based model of murine BA metabolism describing synthesis, hepatic and microbial transformations, systemic distribution, excretion, and EHC of BAs at the whole-body level. For model development, BA metabolism of specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice was characterized in vivo by measuring BA levels and composition in various organs, expression of transporters along the gut, and cecal microbiota composition. We found significantly different BA levels between male and female mice that could only be explained by adjusted expression of the hepatic enzymes and transporters in the model. Of note, this finding was in agreement with experimental observations. The model for SPF mice could also describe equivalent experimental data in germ-free mice by specifically switching off microbial activity in the intestine. The here presented model can therefore facilitate and guide functional analyses of BA metabolism in mice, e.g., the effect of pathophysiological alterations on BA metabolism and translation of results from mouse studies to a clinically relevant context through cross-species extrapolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kister
- Institute for Systems Medicine with Focus on Organ Interaction, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina Viehof
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annika Schwentker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Simone Treichel
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susan A.V. Jennings
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa H. Wirtz
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M. Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias W. Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Clavel
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Kuepfer
- Institute for Systems Medicine with Focus on Organ Interaction, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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49
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Song J, Lu X, Liu D, Zhang Y, Zhai X, Zhou L, Gao J. Fucogalactan Sulfate (FS) from Laminaria japonica Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Humanized Dyslipidemia Mice via an Intestinal FXR-FGF19-CYP7A1/CYP8B1 Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14027-14037. [PMID: 37702045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study found that fucogalactan sulfate (FS) from Laminaria japonica exhibited significant hypolipidemic effects. To further elucidate the mechanism, we first constructed a dyslipidemia mouse model with humanized gut microbiota and proved the main differential metabolic pathway involved bile acid metabolism. Then, we evaluated the beneficial effects of FS on dyslipidemia in this model mice, which revealed that oral FS administration reduced serum cholesterol levels and mitigated liver fat accumulation. Gut microbiota and microbiome analysis showed FS increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, GCA-900066755, and Eubacterium, which were positively associated with the fecal DCA, β-MCA, and HDCA. Further investigation demonstrated that FS inhibited the hepatic farnesoid X receptor (FXR), while activating the intestinal FXR-FGF19 pathway, leading to suppression of CYP7A1 and CYP8B1, as well as potentially reduced bile acid synthesis and lipid absorption. Overall, FS regulated lipid metabolism in diet-induced humanized dyslipidemia mice via the bile acid-mediated intestinal FXR-FGF19-CYP7A1/CYP8B1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Song
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Denghong Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhai
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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50
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Jensen BAH, Heyndrickx M, Jonkers D, Mackie A, Millet S, Naghibi M, Pærregaard SI, Pot B, Saulnier D, Sina C, Sterkman LGW, Van den Abbeele P, Venlet NV, Zoetendal EG, Ouwehand AC. Small intestine vs. colon ecology and physiology: Why it matters in probiotic administration. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101190. [PMID: 37683651 PMCID: PMC10518632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Research on gut microbiota has generally focused on fecal samples, representing luminal content of the large intestine. However, nutrient uptake is restricted to the small intestine. Abundant immune cell populations at this anatomical site combined with diminished mucus secretion and looser junctions (partly to allow for more efficient fluid and nutrient absorption) also results in intimate host-microbe interactions despite more rapid transit. It is thus crucial to dissect key differences in both ecology and physiology between small and large intestine to better leverage the immense potential of human gut microbiota imprinting, including probiotic engraftment at biological sensible niches. Here, we provide a detailed review unfolding how the physiological and anatomical differences between the small and large intestine affect gut microbiota composition, function, and plasticity. This information is key to understanding how gut microbiota manipulation, including probiotic administration, may strain-dependently transform host-microbe interactions at defined locations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Belgium & Ghent University, Department Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, B-9090 Melle, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daisy Jonkers
- Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sam Millet
- Flanders Research Institute of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Simone Isling Pærregaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, 1332 Almere, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein & University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Naomi Vita Venlet
- International Life Science Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Erwin G Zoetendal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
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