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Sharma A, Virmani T, Kumar G, Sharma A, Virmani R, Gugulothu D, Singh K, Misra SK, Pathak K, Chitranshi N, Coutinho HDM, Jain D. Mitochondrial signaling pathways and their role in cancer drug resistance. Cell Signal 2024; 122:111329. [PMID: 39098704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, traditionally known as cellular powerhouses, now emerge as critical signaling centers influencing cancer progression and drug resistance. The review highlights the role that apoptotic signaling, DNA mutations, mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism play in the development of resistance mechanisms and the advancement of cancer. Targeted approaches are discussed, with an emphasis on managing mitophagy, fusion, and fission of the mitochondria to make resistant cancer cells more susceptible to traditional treatments. Additionally, metabolic reprogramming can be used to effectively target metabolic enzymes such GLUT1, HKII, PDK, and PKM2 in order to avoid resistance mechanisms. Although there are potential possibilities for therapy, the complex structure of mitochondria and their subtle role in tumor development hamper clinical translation. Novel targeted medicines are put forth, providing fresh insights on combating drug resistance in cancer. The study also emphasizes the significance of glutamine metabolism, mitochondrial respiratory complexes, and apoptotic pathways as potential targets to improve treatment effectiveness against drug-resistant cancers. Combining complementary and nanoparticle-based techniques to target mitochondria has demonstrated encouraging results in the treatment of cancer, opening doors to reduce resistance and enable individualized treatment plans catered to the unique characteristics of each patient. Suggesting innovative approaches such as drug repositioning and mitochondrial drug delivery to enhance the efficacy of mitochondria-targeting therapies, presenting a pathway for advancements in cancer treatment. This thorough investigation is a major step forward in the treatment of cancer and has the potential to influence clinical practice and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Sharma
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India.
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India.
| | - Anjali Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Reshu Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India.
| | - Dalapathi Gugulothu
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shashi Kiran Misra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CSJM University Kanpur, Kanpur 208024, India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah 206130, India
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia; School of Science and Technology, the University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | - Divya Jain
- Department of Microbiology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Gong W, Hou Y, Ren J, Duan C, Zhang H, Nie X, Li J. Aspirin exposure coupled with hypoxia interferes energy metabolism, antioxidant and autophagic processes and causes liver injury in estuarine goby Mugilogobius chulae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135071. [PMID: 38996678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Toxicity assessments of pollutants often overlook the impact of environmental factors like hypoxia, which can alter chemical toxicity with unexpected consequences. In this study, Mugilogobius chulae, an estuarine fish, was used to investigate the effects of hypoxia (H), aspirin (ASA), and their combination (H_ASA) exposure over 24, 72, and 168 h. We employed RNA-seq analysis, expression of key gene expression profiling, enzymatic activity assays, and histopathological and ultrastructural examinations of liver tissue to explore the effects and mechanisms of ASA-coupled hypoxia exposure in fish. Results showed that glycolysis was inhibited, and lipolysis was enhanced in ASA/H_ASA groups. The PPAR signaling pathway was activated, increasing fatty acid β-oxidation and lipophagy to mitigate energy crisis. Both ASA and H_ASA exposures induced p53 expression and inhibited the TOR pathway to combat environmental stress. However, a greater energy demand and heightened sensitivity to ASA were observed in H_ASA compared to ASA exposure. Disruptions in energy and detoxification pathways led to increased stress responses, including enhanced antioxidant activities, autophagy, and apoptotic events, as observed in organelle structures. Overall, sub-chronic H_ASA exposure caused liver injury in M. chulae by affecting energy metabolism, antioxidant regulation, and autophagy processes. This study highlights the influence of hypoxia on ASA toxicity in fish, providing valuable insights for ecological risk assessment of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Wang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weibo Gong
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yingshi Hou
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinzhi Ren
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunni Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huiyu Zhang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
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Li B, Kalmu N, Dong X, Zhang Y, Puolanne E, Ertbjerg P. Relationship between wooden breast severity in broiler chicken, antioxidant enzyme activity and markers of energy metabolism. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103877. [PMID: 38843563 PMCID: PMC11216010 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to provide new insight on the association between the development of wooden breast myopathy and mitochondrial and glycolytic activity under oxidative stress. Myopathic muscle had higher oxidative stress together with altered glycolytic metabolism and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This was evidenced by significantly elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase), decreased citrate synthase activity and postmortem glycolytic potential with increasing wooden breast severity. In addition, affected muscles also exhibited higher initial and ultimate pH values as well as reduced total glucose and lactate contents. Citrate synthase activity was negatively correlated to antioxidant enzyme activities. Taken together, we propose that the development of the wooden breast lesion is a chronic process that may be related to the failure of muscle fibers to defend against the excessively generated oxidative products promoted by mitochondrial damage accompanied by impaired TCA cycle. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between citrate synthase activity and glycolytic potential, which suggests that the wooden breast condition is linked to the overall altered energy metabolism of the muscle, including the oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Li
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Niina Kalmu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Xinyue Dong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Eero Puolanne
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Per Ertbjerg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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Dai Y, Ying Y, Zhu G, Xu Y, Ji K. STAT3 drives the expression of HIF1alpha in cancer cells through a novel super-enhancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150483. [PMID: 39098275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is one of the major hallmarks of malignant tumors. This metabolic reprogramming benefits the rapid proliferation of cancer cells, facilitates the formation of tumor microenvironment to support their growth and survival, and impairs the efficacy of various tumor therapies. Therefore, the elucidation of the mechanisms driving aerobic glycolysis in tumors represents a pivotal breakthrough in developing therapeutic strategies for solid tumors. HIF1α serves as a central regulator of aerobic glycolysis with elevated mRNA and protein expression across multiple tumor types. However, the mechanisms contributing to this upregulation remain elusive. This study reports the identification of a novel HIF1α super enhancer (HSE) in multiple cancer cells using bioinformatics analysis, chromosome conformation capture (3C), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing techniques. Deletion of HSE in cancer cells significantly reduces the expression of HIF1α, glycolysis, cell proliferation, colony and tumor formation ability, confirming the role of HSE as the enhancer of HIF1α in cancer cells. Particularly, we demonstrated that STAT3 promotes the expression of HIF1α by binding to HSE. The discovery of HSE will help elucidate the pathways driving tumor aerobic glycolysis, offering new therapeutic targets and potentially resolving the bottleneck in solid tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Ying
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gaoyang Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0322, USA.
| | - Kaiyuan Ji
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Medical Research Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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5
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Li Y, Wu S, Huang J, Zhao L. Integration of physiological, miRNA-mRNA interaction and functional analysis reveals the molecular mechanism underlying hypoxia stress tolerance in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). FASEB J 2024; 38:e23722. [PMID: 38934365 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302629rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia has become one of the most critical factors limiting the development of aquaculture. Crucian carp (Carassius auratus) is widely consumed fish in China, with excellent tolerance to hypoxic environment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia adaptation and tolerance in crucian carp remain unclear. Compared with the control, increased T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC, ALT, and AST activities and MDA, TCHO, and TG contents, and decreased TP and ATP contents were observed after hypoxia stress. Based on RNA-seq, 2479 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 60 DE miRNAs were identified, and numerous DE mRNAs involved in HIF signaling pathway (hif-1α, epo, vegfa, and ho), anaerobic metabolism (hk1/hk2, pfk, gapdh, pk, and ldh) and immune response (nlrp12, cxcr1, cxcr4, ccr9, and cxcl12) were significantly upregulated after hypoxia exposure. Integrated analysis found that ho, igfbp1, hsp70, and hk2 were predicted to be regulated by novel_867, dre-miR-125c-3p/novel_173, dre-miR-181b-5p, and dre-miR-338-5p/dre-miR-17a-3p, respectively, and targets of DE miRNAs were significantly enriched in MAPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Expression analysis showed that the mRNA levels of vegfa, epo, ho, hsp70, hsp90aa.1, igfbp1, ldh, hk1, pfk, pk, and gapdh exhibited a remarkable increase, whereas sdh and mdh were downregulated in the H3h, H12h, and H24h groups compared with the control. Furthermore, research found that hk2 is a target of dre-miR-17a-3p, overexpression of dre-miR-17a-3p significantly decreased the expression level of hk2, while the opposite results were obtained after dre-miR-17a-3p silencing. These results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance in crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shenji Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinqiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Laird M, Ku JC, Raiten J, Sriram S, Moore M, Li Y. Mitochondrial metabolism regulation and epigenetics in hypoxia. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1393232. [PMID: 38915781 PMCID: PMC11194441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1393232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex and dynamic interaction between cellular energy control and gene expression modulation is shown by the intersection between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxic environments. Poor oxygen delivery to tissues, or hypoxia, is a basic physiological stressor that sets off a series of reactions in cells to adapt and endure oxygen-starved environments. Often called the "powerhouse of the cell," mitochondria are essential to cellular metabolism, especially regarding producing energy through oxidative phosphorylation. The cellular response to hypoxia entails a change in mitochondrial metabolism to improve survival, including epigenetic modifications that control gene expression without altering the underlying genome. By altering the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, cell survival, and metabolism, these epigenetic modifications help cells adapt to hypoxia. The sophisticated interplay between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxia is highlighted by several important points, which have been summarized in the current article. Deciphering the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics during hypoxia is essential to understanding the molecular processes that regulate cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Laird
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jacob Raiten
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Sashwat Sriram
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Megan Moore
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biomedical Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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Khalilpour J, Zangbar HS, Alipour MR, Pakdel FQ, Zavari Z, Shahabi P. Chronic Sustained Hypoxia Leads to Brainstem Tauopathy and Declines the Power of Rhythms in the Ventrolateral Medulla: Shedding Light on a Possible Mechanism. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3121-3143. [PMID: 37976025 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, especially the chronic type, leads to disruptive results in the brain that may contribute to the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ventrolateral medulla (VLM) contains clusters of interneurons, such as the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), that generate the main respiratory rhythm drive. We hypothesized that exposing animals to chronic sustained hypoxia (CSH) might develop tauopathy in the brainstem, consequently changing the rhythmic manifestations of respiratory neurons. In this study, old (20-22 months) and young (2-3 months) male rats were subjected to CSH (10 ± 0.5% O2) for ten consecutive days. Western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to evaluate phosphorylated tau. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP or ∆ψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured to assess mitochondrial function. In vivo diaphragm's electromyography (dEMG) and local field potential (LFP) recordings from preBötC were employed to assess the respiratory factors and rhythmic representation of preBötC, respectively. Findings showed that ROS production increased significantly in hypoxic groups, associated with a significant decline in ∆ψm. In addition, tau phosphorylation elevated in the brainstem of hypoxic groups. On the other hand, the power of rhythms declined significantly in the preBötC of hypoxic rats, parallel with changes in the respiratory rate, total respiration time, and expiration time. Moreover, there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between LFP rhythm's power and inspiration time. Our data showed that besides CSH, aging also contributed to mitochondrial dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, LFP rhythms' power decline, and changes in respiratory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Khalilpour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Firouz Qaderi Pakdel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zohre Zavari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
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Shi X, Feng M, Nakada D. Metabolic dependencies of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. Int J Hematol 2024:10.1007/s12185-024-03789-x. [PMID: 38750343 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy primarily driven by an immature population of AML cells termed leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that are implicated in AML development, chemoresistance, and relapse. An emerging area of research in AML focuses on identifying and targeting the aberrant metabolism in LSCs. Dysregulated metabolism is involved in sustaining functional properties of LSCs, impeding myeloid differentiation, and evading programmed cell death, both in the process of leukemogenesis and in response to chemotherapy. This review discusses recent discoveries regarding the aberrant metabolic processes of AML LSCs that have begun to change the therapeutic landscape of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Shi
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Mengdie Feng
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daisuke Nakada
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Zhong J, Tang Y. Research progress on the role of reactive oxygen species in the initiation, development and treatment of breast cancer. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 188:1-18. [PMID: 38387519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
According to international cancer data, breast cancer (BC) is the leading type of cancer in women. Although significant progress has been made in treating BC, metastasis and drug resistance continue to be the primary causes of mortality for many patients. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in vivo: normal levels can maintain the body's normal physiological function; however, high levels of ROS below the toxicity threshold can lead to mtDNA damage, activation of proto-oncogenes, and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, which are important causes of BC. Differences in the production and regulation of ROS in different BC subtypes have important implications for the development and treatment of BC. ROS can also serve as an important intracellular signal transduction factor by affecting the antioxidant system, activating MAPK and PI3K/AKT, and other signal pathways to regulate cell cycle and change the relationship between cells and the activity of metalloproteinases, which significantly impacts the metastasis of BC. Hypoxia in the BC microenvironment increases ROS production levels, thereby inducing the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and forming "ROS- HIF-1α-ROS" cycle that exacerbates BC development. Many anti-BC therapies generate sufficient toxic ROS to promote cancer cell apoptosis, but because the basal level of ROS in BC cells exceeds that of normal cells, this leads to up-regulation of the antioxidant system, drug efflux, and apoptosis inhibition, rendering BC cells resistant to the drug. ROS crosstalks with tumor vessels and stromal cells in the microenvironment, increasing invasiveness and drug resistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China.
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Benej M, Papandreou I, Denko NC. Hypoxic adaptation of mitochondria and its impact on tumor cell function. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 100:28-38. [PMID: 38556040 PMCID: PMC11320707 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major sink for oxygen in the cell, consuming it during ATP production. Therefore, when environmental oxygen levels drop in the tumor, significant adaptation is required. Mitochondrial activity is also a major producer of biosynthetic precursors and a regulator of cellular oxidative and reductive balance. Because of the complex biochemistry, mitochondrial adaptation to hypoxia occurs through multiple mechanisms and has significant impact on other cellular processes such as macromolecule synthesis and gene regulation. In tumor hypoxia, mitochondria shift their location in the cell and accelerate the fission and quality control pathways. Hypoxic mitochondria also undergo significant changes to fundamental metabolic pathways of carbon metabolism and electron transport. These metabolic changes further impact the nuclear epigenome because mitochondrial metabolites are used as enzymatic substrates for modifying chromatin. This coordinated response delivers physiological flexibility and increased tumor cell robustness during the environmental stress of low oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Benej
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ioanna Papandreou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas C Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OSU Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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11
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Rudolf AM, Hood WR. Mitochondrial stress in the spaceflight environment. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101855. [PMID: 38403094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Space is a challenging environment that deregulates individual homeostasis. The main external hazards associated with spaceflight include ionizing space radiation, microgravity, isolation and confinement, distance from Earth, and hostile environment. Characterizing the biological responses to spaceflight environment is essential to validate the health risks, and to develop effective protection strategies. Mitochondria energetics is a key mechanism underpinning many physiological, ecological and evolutionary processes. Moreover, mitochondrial stress can be considered one of the fundamental features of space travel. So, we attempt to synthesize key information regarding the extensive effects of spaceflight on mitochondria. In summary, mitochondria are affected by all of the five main hazards of spaceflight at multiple levels, including their morphology, respiratory function, protein, and genetics, in various tissues and organ systems. We emphasize that investigating mitochondrial biology in spaceflight conditions should become the central focus of research on the impacts of spaceflight on human health, as this approach will help resolve numerous challenges of space health and combat several health disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Rudolf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Wendy R Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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12
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Madai S, Kilic P, Schmidt RM, Bas-Orth C, Korff T, Büttner M, Klinke G, Poschet G, Marti HH, Kunze R. Activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway protects against acute ischemic stroke by reprogramming central carbon metabolism. Theranostics 2024; 14:2856-2880. [PMID: 38773968 PMCID: PMC11103502 DOI: 10.7150/thno.88223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell metabolism reprogramming to sustain energy production, while reducing oxygen and energy consuming processes is crucially important for the adaptation to hypoxia/ischemia. Adaptive metabolic rewiring is controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Accumulating experimental evidence indicates that timely activation of HIF in brain-resident cells improves the outcome from acute ischemic stroke. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Thus, we investigated whether HIF-dependent metabolic reprogramming affects the vulnerability of brain-resident cells towards ischemic stress. Methods: We used genetic and pharmacological approaches to activate HIF in the murine brain in vivo and in primary neurons and astrocytes in vitro. Numerous metabolomic approaches and molecular biological techniques were applied to elucidate potential HIF-dependent effects on the central carbon metabolism of brain cells. In animal and cell models of ischemic stroke, we analysed whether HIF-dependent metabolic reprogramming influences the susceptibility to ischemic injury. Results: Neuron-specific gene ablation of prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) protein, negatively regulating the protein stability of HIF-α in an oxygen dependent manner, reduced brain injury and functional impairment of mice after acute stroke in a HIF-dependent manner. Accordingly, PHD2 deficient neurons showed an improved tolerance towards ischemic stress in vitro, which was accompanied by enhanced HIF-1-mediated glycolytic lactate production through pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-mediated inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase. Systemic treatment of mice with roxadustat, a low-molecular weight pan-PHD inhibitor, not only increased the abundance of numerous metabolites of the central carbon and amino acid metabolism in murine brain, but also ameliorated cerebral tissue damage and sensorimotor dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke. In neurons and astrocytes roxadustat provoked a HIF-1-dependent glucose metabolism reprogramming including elevation of glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, glycolytic capacity, lactate production and lactate release, which enhanced the ischemic tolerance of astrocytes, but not neurons. We found that strong activation of HIF-1 in neurons by non-selective inhibition of all PHD isoenzymes caused a HIF-1-dependent upregulation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3 redirecting glucose-6-phosphate from pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to the glycolysis pathway. This was accompanied by a reduction of NADPH production in the PPP, which further decreased the low intrinsic antioxidant reserve of neurons, making them more susceptible to ischemic stress. Nonetheless, in organotypic hippocampal cultures with preserved neuronal-glial interactions roxadustat decreased the neuronal susceptibility to ischemic stress, which was largely prevented by restricting glycolytic energy production through lactate transport blockade. Conclusion: Collectively, our results indicate that HIF-1-mediated metabolic reprogramming alleviates the intrinsic vulnerability of brain-resident cells to ischemic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Madai
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pinar Kilic
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolf M. Schmidt
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlos Bas-Orth
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Büttner
- Metabolomics Core Technology Platform, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Glynis Klinke
- Metabolomics Core Technology Platform, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Metabolomics Core Technology Platform, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo H. Marti
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Feng F, He S, Li X, He J, Luo L. Mitochondria-mediated Ferroptosis in Diseases Therapy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Implications. Aging Dis 2024; 15:714-738. [PMID: 37548939 PMCID: PMC10917537 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a type of cell death involving iron and lipid peroxidation, has been found to be closely associated with the development of many diseases. Mitochondria are vital components of eukaryotic cells, serving important functions in energy production, cellular metabolism, and apoptosis regulation. Presently, the precise relationship between mitochondria and ferroptosis remains unclear. In this study, we aim to systematically elucidate the mechanisms via which mitochondria regulate ferroptosis from multiple perspectives to provide novel insights into mitochondrial functions in ferroptosis. Additionally, we present a comprehensive overview of how mitochondria contribute to ferroptosis in different conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory disease, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, and novel coronavirus pneumonia. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the involvement of mitochondria in ferroptosis could lead to more effective approaches for both basic cell biology studies and medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Feng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shasha He
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Jiake He
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Gnaiger E. Complex II ambiguities-FADH 2 in the electron transfer system. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105470. [PMID: 38118236 PMCID: PMC10772739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevailing notion that reduced cofactors NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons from the tricarboxylic acid cycle to the mitochondrial electron transfer system creates ambiguities regarding respiratory Complex II (CII). CII is the only membrane-bound enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is part of the electron transfer system of the mitochondrial inner membrane feeding electrons into the coenzyme Q-junction. The succinate dehydrogenase subunit SDHA of CII oxidizes succinate and reduces the covalently bound prosthetic group FAD to FADH2 in the canonical forward tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, several graphical representations of the electron transfer system depict FADH2 in the mitochondrial matrix as a substrate to be oxidized by CII. This leads to the false conclusion that FADH2 from the β-oxidation cycle in fatty acid oxidation feeds electrons into CII. In reality, dehydrogenases of fatty acid oxidation channel electrons to the Q-junction but not through CII. The ambiguities surrounding Complex II in the literature and educational resources call for quality control, to secure scientific standards in current communications of bioenergetics, and ultimately support adequate clinical applications. This review aims to raise awareness of the inherent ambiguity crisis, complementing efforts to address the well-acknowledged issues of credibility and reproducibility.
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15
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Wu MF, Peng X, Zhao JL, Zhang MC, Xie HT. Mitophagy and mitochondrion-related expression profiles in response to physiological and pathological hypoxia in the corneal epithelium. Genomics 2023; 115:110739. [PMID: 37918455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
To study the mitochondrial and cellular responses to physiological and pathological hypoxia, corneal epithelial cells were preconditioned under 21% O2, 8% O2 or 1% O2. The cell survival rate, mitochondrial fluorescence and mitophagy flux were quantified using flow cytometry. After RNA sequencing, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed. When the oxygen level decreased from 21% to 8%, mitochondrial fluorescence decreased by 45% (p < 0.001), accompanied by an 80% increase in mitophagy flux (p < 0.001). When the oxygen level dropped to 1%, the cell survival rate and mitochondrial fluorescence decreased, while mitophagy flux further increased (each p < 0.001). Comparison of 1% O2 vs. 21% O2 revealed enrichment of the HYPOXIA hallmark. Most of the significantly enriched mitochondrion-related gene sets were involved in apoptosis. The corresponding foremost leading edge genes belonged to the BCL-2 family. Corneal epithelial cell fate decisions under hypoxia may involve noncanonical pathways of mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Feng Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiang-Lan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ming-Chang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hua-Tao Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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16
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Vardar Acar N, Özgül RK. A big picture of the mitochondria-mediated signals: From mitochondria to organism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:45-61. [PMID: 37619311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, well-known for years as the powerhouse and biosynthetic center of the cell, are dynamic signaling organelles beyond their energy production and biosynthesis functions. The metabolic functions of mitochondria, playing an important role in various biological events both in physiological and stress conditions, transform them into important cellular stress sensors. Mitochondria constantly communicate with the rest of the cell and even from other cells to the organism, transmitting stress signals including oxidative and reductive stress or adaptive signals such as mitohormesis. Mitochondrial signal transduction has a vital function in regulating integrity of human genome, organelles, cells, and ultimately organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neşe Vardar Acar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Köksal Özgül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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17
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Almasi S, SarmastiEmami S, Baird S, Ning Z, Figeys D, Côté J, Cowan KN, Jasmin BJ. Staufen1 controls mitochondrial metabolism via HIF2α in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and promotes tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:328. [PMID: 37847286 PMCID: PMC11071833 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Elevated mitochondrial metabolism promotes tumorigenesis of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcomas (ERMS). Accordingly, targeting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) could represent a therapeutic strategy for ERMS. We previously demonstrated that genetic reduction of Staufen1 (STAU1) levels results in the inhibition of ERMS tumorigenicity. Here, we examined STAU1-mediated mechanisms in ERMS and focused on its potential involvement in regulating OXPHOS. We report the novel and differential role of STAU1 in mitochondrial metabolism in cancerous versus non-malignant skeletal muscle cells (NMSkMCs). Specifically, our data show that STAU1 depletion reduces OXPHOS and inhibits proliferation of ERMS cells. Our findings further reveal the binding of STAU1 to several OXPHOS mRNAs which affects their stability. Indeed, STAU1 depletion reduced the stability of OXPHOS mRNAs, causing inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism. In parallel, STAU1 depletion impacted negatively the HIF2α pathway which further modulates mitochondrial metabolism. Exogenous expression of HIF2α in STAU1-depleted cells reversed the mitochondrial inhibition and induced cell proliferation. However, opposite effects were observed in NMSkMCs. Altogether, these findings revealed the impact of STAU1 in the regulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS in cancer cells as well as its differential role in NMSkMCs. Overall, our results highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting STAU1 as a novel approach for inhibiting mitochondrial metabolism in ERMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufeh Almasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sahar SarmastiEmami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephen Baird
- High Throughput Lab, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Zhibin Ning
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Daniel Figeys
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Côté
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Kyle N Cowan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Paediatric Surgery, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
- The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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18
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Yu XX, Zhang YR, Li SS, Zheng GD, Zou SM. Effects of hypoxia on the gill morphological structure, apoptosis and hypoxia-related gene expression in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:939-949. [PMID: 37632644 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) is a typical hypoxia-sensitive fish, and hypoxia stress leads to reduced vitality and yield during aquaculture. To explore the specific adaptation mechanism under hypoxia, the blunt snout bream was treated with hypoxia (DO = 2.0 ± 0.1 mg/L) for 24 h, followed by 3 h of recovery. Our results depicted that the gill filament structure of blunt snout bream changed after hypoxia. During hypoxia for 24 h, the gill filament structure was altered, including a more than 80% expansion of the lamellar respiratory surface area and a proportionate apoptosis decrease in interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) volume. Thus, the water-blood diffusion distance was shortened to less than 46%. During hypoxia for 24 h, the activity of ROS in gill tissue increased significantly (p < 0.05), while the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased significantly (p < 0.05). During hypoxia, mRNA expression level of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 in the gills of blunt snout bream decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while the expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax mRNA increased significantly (p < 0.05). Thus, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA increased in the gills of blunt snout bream to promote the activity of Caspase-3. Together, our results indicated hypoxia-induced apoptosis in the gills of blunt snout bream through the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, a decreased expression of Phd1 and an increased expression of Hif-1α in gills under hypoxia stress indicates that blunt snout bream may cope with hypoxia-induced apoptosis by enhancing the HIF pathway. These results provide new insights into fish's adaptation strategies and mechanisms of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Yu
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yan-Rui Zhang
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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19
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Prabhu SS, Nair AS, Nirmala SV. Multifaceted roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases: from powerhouses to saboteurs. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:723-743. [PMID: 37751031 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The fact that mitochondria play a crucial part in energy generation has led to the nickname "powerhouses" of the cell being applied to them. They also play a significant role in many other cellular functions, including calcium signalling, apoptosis, and the creation of vital biomolecules. As a result, cellular function and health as a whole can be significantly impacted by mitochondrial malfunction. Indeed, malignancies frequently have increased levels of mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control. Adverse selection exists for harmful mitochondrial genome mutations, even though certain malignancies include modifications in the nuclear-encoded tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes that generate carcinogenic metabolites. Since rare human cancers with mutated mitochondrial genomes are often benign, removing mitochondrial DNA reduces carcinogenesis. Therefore, targeting mitochondria offers therapeutic options since they serve several functions and are crucial to developing malignant tumors. Here, we discuss the various steps involved in the mechanism of cancer for which mitochondria plays a significant role, as well as the role of mitochondria in diseases other than cancer. It is crucial to understand mitochondrial malfunction to target these organelles for therapeutic reasons. This highlights the significance of investigating mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and other disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapriya Surendranath Prabhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Saiprabha Vijayakumar Nirmala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
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20
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Righetti R, Grillini S, Del Dotto V, Costanzini A, Liuzzi F, Zanna C, Sgarbi G, Solaini G, Baracca A. The Pro-Oncogenic Protein IF 1 Promotes Proliferation of Anoxic Cancer Cells during Re-Oxygenation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14624. [PMID: 37834071 PMCID: PMC10572598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells overexpress IF1, the endogenous protein that inhibits the hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase when mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔμH+) falls, as in ischemia. Other roles have been ascribed to IF1, but the associated molecular mechanisms are still under debate. We investigated the ability of IF1 to promote survival and proliferation in osteosarcoma and colon carcinoma cells exposed to conditions mimicking ischemia and reperfusion, as occurs in vivo, particularly in solid tumors. IF1-silenced and parental cells were exposed to the FCCP uncoupler to collapse ΔμH+ and the bioenergetics of cell models were validated. All the uncoupled cells preserved mitochondrial mass, but the implemented mechanisms differed in IF1-expressing and IF1-silenced cells. Indeed, the membrane potential collapse and the energy charge preservation allowed an increase in both mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis in IF1-expressing cells only. Interestingly, the presence of IF1 also conferred a proliferative advantage to cells highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation when the uncoupler was washed out, mimicking cell re-oxygenation. Overall, our results indicate that IF1, by allowing energy preservation and promoting mitochondrial renewal, can favor proliferation of anoxic cells and tumor growth. Therefore, hindering the action of IF1 may be promising for the therapy of tumors that rely on oxidative phosphorylation for energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Righetti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Silvia Grillini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Valentina Del Dotto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Costanzini
- Department of Translational Medicine, St. Anna University Hospital, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Francesca Liuzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Maternal-Infantile and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Claudia Zanna
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Gianluca Sgarbi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Giancarlo Solaini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandra Baracca
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.R.); (S.G.); (V.D.D.); (C.Z.); (G.S.); (A.B.)
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21
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Ulhaq ZS, Tse WKF. Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) induces oxidative stress and causes developmental toxicities in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131722. [PMID: 37263022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl substance widely used to replace the banned perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in different industrial and household products. It has currently been identified in the environment and human bodies; nonetheless, the possible toxicities are not well-known. Zebrafish have been used as a toxicant screening model due to their fast and transparent developmental processes. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to PFHxS for five days, and various experiments were performed to monitor the developmental and cellular processes. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis confirmed that PFHxS was absorbed and accumulated in the zebrafish embryos. We reported that 2.5 µM or higher PFHxS exposure induced phenotypic abnormalities, marked by developmental delay in the mid-hind brain boundary and yolk sac edema. Additionally, larvae exposed to PFHxS displayed facial malformation due to the reduction of neural crest cell expression. RNA sequencing analysis further identified 4643 differentiated expressed transcripts in 5 µM PFHxS-exposed 5-days post fertilization (5-dpf) larvae. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress were enriched in the PFHxS-exposed larvae. To validate these findings, a series of biological experiments were conducted. PFHxS exposure led to a nearly 4-fold increase in reactive oxygen species, possibly due to hyperglycemia and impaired glutathione balance. The Oil Red O' staining and qPCR analysis strengthens the notions that lipid metabolism was disrupted, leading to lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and malondialdehyde formation. All these alterations ultimately affected cell cycle events, resulting in S and G2/M cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PFHxS could accumulate and induce various developmental toxicities in aquatic life, and such data might assist the government to accelerate the regulatory policy on PFHxS usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; Research Center for Pre-clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
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22
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Tong Z, Wang G, Huang W, Zhang H, Xie F, Wang X. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is a biomarker for predicting patients with sepsis. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231202139. [PMID: 37773726 PMCID: PMC10541755 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231202139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential value of serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) concentrations as a biomarker in patients with sepsis. METHODS The enrolled patients were divided into the following four groups: the intensive care unit (ICU) control group (n = 33), infection group (n = 29), septic nonshock group (n = 40), and septic shock group (n = 94). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum HIF-1α concentrations on ICU admission. Clinical parameters and laboratory test results were also collected. RESULTS Serum HIF-1α concentrations were significantly higher in the infection group, septic nonshock group, and septic shock group than in the ICU control group. Moreover, HIF-1α concentrations were associated with a better predictive ability for diagnosing sepsis than the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, procalcitonin concentrations, and lactate concentrations. Patients with sepsis and HIF-1α concentrations >161.14 pg/mL had a poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Serum HIF-1α concentrations are a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis and predicting the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjian Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Burtscher J, Hohenauer E, Burtscher M, Millet GP, Egg M. Environmental and behavioral regulation of HIF-mitochondria crosstalk. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 206:63-73. [PMID: 37385566 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) can lead to cell and organ damage. Therefore, aerobic species depend on efficient mechanisms to counteract detrimental consequences of hypoxia. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) and mitochondria are integral components of the cellular response to hypoxia and coordinate both distinct and highly intertwined adaptations. This leads to reduced dependence on oxygen, improved oxygen supply, maintained energy provision by metabolic remodeling and tapping into alternative pathways and increased resilience to hypoxic injuries. On one hand, many pathologies are associated with hypoxia and hypoxia can drive disease progression, for example in many cancer and neurological diseases. But on the other hand, controlled induction of hypoxia responses via HIFs and mitochondria can elicit profound health benefits and increase resilience. To tackle pathological hypoxia conditions or to apply health-promoting hypoxia exposures efficiently, cellular and systemic responses to hypoxia need to be well understood. Here we first summarize the well-established link between HIFs and mitochondria in orchestrating hypoxia-induced adaptations and then outline major environmental and behavioral modulators of their interaction that remain poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Erich Hohenauer
- Rehabilitation and Exercise Science Laboratory (RES Lab), Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland; International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margit Egg
- Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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24
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Alnahhas N, Pouliot E, Saucier L. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathway plays a critical role in the development of breast muscle myopathies in broiler chickens: a comprehensive review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1260987. [PMID: 37719466 PMCID: PMC10500075 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1260987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of the increased worldwide demand for poultry meat, genetic selection efforts have intensified to produce broiler strains that grow at a higher rate, have greater breast meat yield (BMY), and convert feed to meat more efficiently. The increased selection pressure for these traits, BMY in particular, has produced multiple breast meat quality defects collectively known as breast muscle myopathies (BMM). Hypoxia has been proposed as one of the major mechanisms triggering the onset and occurrence of these myopathies. In this review, the relevant literature on the causes and consequences of hypoxia in broiler breast muscles is reviewed and discussed, with a special focus on the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway. Muscle fiber hypertrophy induced by selective breeding for greater BMY reduces the space available in the perimysium and endomysium for blood vessels and capillaries. The hypoxic state that results from the lack of circulation in muscle tissue activates the HIF-1 pathway. This pathway alters energy metabolism by promoting anaerobic glycolysis, suppressing the tricarboxylic acid cycle and damaging mitochondrial function. These changes lead to oxidative stress that further exacerbate the progression of BMM. In addition, activating the HIF-1 pathway promotes fatty acid synthesis, lipogenesis, and lipid accumulation in myopathic muscle tissue, and interacts with profibrotic growth factors leading to increased deposition of matrix proteins in muscle tissue. By promoting lipidosis and fibrosis, the HIF-1 pathway contributes to the development of the distinctive phenotypes of BMM, including white striations in white striping-affected muscles and the increased hardness of wooden breast-affected muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Alnahhas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Linda Saucier
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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25
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Qiu S, Sheth V, Yan C, Liu J, Chacko BK, Li H, Crossman DK, Fortmann SD, Aryal S, Rennhack A, Grant MB, Welner RS, Paterson AJ, Wende AR, Darley-Usmar VM, Lu R, Locasale JW, Bhatia R. Metabolic adaptation to tyrosine kinase inhibition in leukemia stem cells. Blood 2023; 142:574-588. [PMID: 37192295 PMCID: PMC10447615 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are very effective in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), but primitive, quiescent leukemia stem cells persist as a barrier to the cure. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of metabolic adaptation to TKI treatment and its role in CML hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell persistence. Using a CML mouse model, we found that glycolysis, glutaminolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were initially inhibited by TKI treatment in CML-committed progenitors but were restored with continued treatment, reflecting both selection and metabolic reprogramming of specific subpopulations. TKI treatment selectively enriched primitive CML stem cells with reduced metabolic gene expression. Persistent CML stem cells also showed metabolic adaptation to TKI treatment through altered substrate use and mitochondrial respiration maintenance. Evaluation of transcription factors underlying these changes helped detect increased HIF-1 protein levels and activity in TKI-treated stem cells. Treatment with an HIF-1 inhibitor in combination with TKI treatment depleted murine and human CML stem cells. HIF-1 inhibition increased mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, reduced quiescence, increased cycling, and reduced the self-renewal and regenerating potential of dormant CML stem cells. We, therefore, identified the HIF-1-mediated inhibition of OXPHOS and ROS and maintenance of CML stem cell dormancy and repopulating potential as a key mechanism of CML stem cell adaptation to TKI treatment. Our results identify a key metabolic dependency in CML stem cells persisting after TKI treatment that can be targeted to enhance their elimination.
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MESH Headings
- Mice
- Humans
- Animals
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Qiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Vipul Sheth
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Chengcheng Yan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Balu K. Chacko
- Department of Pathology, Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Hui Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David K. Crossman
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Seth D. Fortmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sajesan Aryal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ashley Rennhack
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Robert S. Welner
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Andrew J. Paterson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Adam R. Wende
- Department of Pathology, Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Victor M. Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rui Lu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jason W. Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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26
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Galow AM, Brenmoehl J, Hoeflich A. Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:240. [PMID: 37541969 PMCID: PMC10403476 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The limited endogenous regenerative capacity of the human heart renders cardiovascular diseases a major health threat, thus motivating intense research on in vitro heart cell generation and cell replacement therapies. However, so far, in vitro-generated cardiomyocytes share a rather fetal phenotype, limiting their utility for drug testing and cell-based heart repair. Various strategies to foster cellular maturation provide some success, but fully matured cardiomyocytes are still to be achieved. Today, several hormones are recognized for their effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and function. Here, we will discuss how the endocrine system impacts cardiomyocyte maturation. After detailing which features characterize a mature phenotype, we will contemplate hormones most promising to induce such a phenotype, the routes of their action, and experimental evidence for their significance in this process. Due to their pleiotropic effects, hormones might be not only valuable to improve in vitro heart cell generation but also beneficial for in vivo heart regeneration. Accordingly, we will also contemplate how the presented hormones might be exploited for hormone-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
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27
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Wu J, Li S, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Mei T, Wang S, Wang W, Zhang F. MRI features of pituitary adenoma apoplexy and their relationship with hypoxia, proliferation, and pathology. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2023. [PMID: 37235536 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to study the MRI features of pituitary adenoma (PA) apoplexy and their relationship with hypoxia, proliferation, and pathology. METHODS Sixty-seven patients with MRI signs of PA apoplexy were selected. According to the MRI signs, they were divided into the parenchymal group and the cystic group. The parenchymal group had a low signal area on T2WI without cyst >2 mm and this area was not significantly enhanced on the corresponding TW1 enhancement. The cystic group had a cyst >2 mm on T2WI, and the cyst showed liquid stratification on T2WI or high signal on T1WI. The relative T1WI (rT1WI) enhancement value and relative T2WI (rT2WI) value of non-apoplexy areas were measured. Protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), and Ki67 were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Nuclear morphology was observed with HE staining. RESULTS The rT1WI enhancement average value, rT2WI average value, Ki67 protein expression level, and the number of abnormal nuclear morphology of non-apoplexy lesions in the parenchymal group were significantly lower than those in the cystic group. The protein expression levels of HIF-1α and PDK1 in the parenchymal group were significantly higher than those in the cystic group. HIF-1α protein was positively correlated with PDK1 but negatively correlated with Ki67. CONCLUSION When there is PA apoplexy, the ischemia and hypoxia of the cystic group are lesser than those of the parenchymal group, but the proliferation is stronger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Songyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinxing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihuan Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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28
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Kadife E, Harper A, Chien K, Lino TK, Brownfoot FC. Novel genes associated with a placental phenotype in knockout mice also respond to cellular stressors in primary human trophoblasts. Placenta 2023; 139:68-74. [PMID: 37331027 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental insufficiency is a leading cause of intrauterine growth restriction, contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. The molecular regulation of placental development and what causes placental insufficiency is poorly understood. Recently, a panel of genes were found to cause significant placental dysmorphologies in mice with severely growth restricted off-spring. We aimed to assess whether these genes were also implicated in human intrauterine growth restriction. METHODS We explored the expression of nine genes in primary cytotrophoblast cells in hypoxic (n = 6) and glucose starvation (n = 5) conditions in vitro. We also explored whether the genes were dysregulated in intrauterine growth restricted human placental samples (n = 11), with (n = 20) or without preeclampsia compared to gestationally matched controls (<34 weeks gestation) (n = 17). RESULTS Hypoxic stress significantly upregulated the expressions of BRD2 (p = 0.0313), SMG9 (p = 0.0313) genes. In contrast, glucose starvation significantly suppressed Kif1bp (p = 0.0089) in primary cytotrophoblasts. The FRYL, NEK9, CHTOP, PSPH, ATP11A, HM13 genes did not change under hypoxia or glucose starvation conditions. The expression of these genes was not altered in placenta from patients with intrauterine growth restriction, compared to gestationally matched controls. DISCUSSION We demonstrate that some of the genes that cause a placental phenotype in mice, respond to hypoxic and glucose mediated stress in human cytotrophoblast isolations. Despite this, they are unchanged in placenta from patients with intrauterine growth restriction. Therefore, dysregulation of these genes is less likely to contribute to preterm intrauterine growth restriction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kadife
- Obstetric Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alesia Harper
- Obstetric Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keegan Chien
- Obstetric Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tu'uhevaha Kaitu'u Lino
- Diagnostics Discovery and Reverse Translation in Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona C Brownfoot
- Obstetric Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women Heidelberg, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, Victoria, Australia.
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29
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Belousova EB, Zhuravleva OI, Yurchenko EA, Oleynikova GK, Antonov AS, Kirichuk NN, Chausova VE, Khudyakova YV, Menshov AS, Popov RS, Menchinskaya ES, Pislyagin EA, Mikhailov VV, Yurchenko AN. New Anti-Hypoxic Metabolites from Co-Culture of Marine-Derived Fungi Aspergillus carneus KMM 4638 and Amphichorda sp. KMM 4639. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050741. [PMID: 37238611 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The KMM 4639 strain was identified as Amphichorda sp. based on two molecular genetic markers: ITS and β-tubulin regions. Chemical investigation of co-culture marine-derived fungi Amphichorda sp. KMM 4639 and Aspergillus carneus KMM 4638 led to the identification of five new quinazolinone alkaloids felicarnezolines A-E (1-5), a new highly oxygenated chromene derivative oxirapentyn M (6) and five previously reported related compounds. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods and by comparison with related known compounds. The isolated compounds showed low cytotoxicity against human prostate and breast cancer cells but felicarnezoline B (2) protected rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against CoCl2-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena B Belousova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Olesya I Zhuravleva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Yurchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Galina K Oleynikova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Alexandr S Antonov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Natalya N Kirichuk
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Viktoria E Chausova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Yuliya V Khudyakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Alexander S Menshov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Roman S Popov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Menchinskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Pislyagin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Valery V Mikhailov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Anton N Yurchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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30
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Sharma P, Mohanty S, Ahmad Y. A study of survival strategies for improving acclimatization of lowlanders at high-altitude. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14929. [PMID: 37025911 PMCID: PMC10070159 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Acclimatization and therapeutic approaches are the core components for conquering the physiological variations at high altitude (≥2500 m) exposure. The declined atmospheric pressure and reduced partial pressure of oxygen at high altitudes tend to decrease the temperature by several folds. Hypobaric hypoxia is a major threat to humanity at high altitudes, and its potential effects include altitude mountain sickness. On severity, it may lead to the development of conditions like high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) or high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and cause unexpected physiological changes in the healthy population of travelers, athletes, soldiers, and low landers while sojourning at high altitude. Previous investigations have been done on long-drawn-out acclimatization strategies such as the staging method to prevent the damage caused by high-altitude hypobaric Hypoxia. Inherent Limitations of this strategy hamper the daily lifestyle and time consuming for people. It is not suitable for the rapid mobilization of people at high altitudes. There is a need to recalibrate acclimatization strategies for improving health protection and adapting to the environmental variations at high altitudes. This narrative review details the geographical changes and physiological changes at high altitudes and presents a framework of acclimatization, pre-acclimatization, and pharmacological aspects of high-altitude survival to enhance the government efficacy and capacity for the strategic planning of acclimatization, use of therapeutics, and safe de-induction from high altitude for minimizing the life loss. It's simply too ambitious for the importance of the present review to reduce life loss, and it can be proved as the most essential aspect of the preparatory phase of high-altitude acclimatization in plateau regions without hampering the daily lifestyle. The application of pre-acclimatization techniques can be a boon for people serving at high altitudes, and it can be a short bridge for the rapid translocation of people at high altitudes by minimizing the acclimatization time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Sharma
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence R&D Organization (DRDO), Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Swaraj Mohanty
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence R&D Organization (DRDO), Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Yasmin Ahmad
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence R&D Organization (DRDO), Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
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31
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Jia YZ, Liu J, Wang GQ, Pan H, Huang TZ, Liu R, Zhang Y. HIG1 domain family member 1A is a crucial regulator of disorders associated with hypoxia. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:171-182. [PMID: 36804467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy conversion, metabolism, and cell proliferation. The regulation of mitochondrial function by HIGD1A, which is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria, is essential to maintain cell survival under hypoxic conditions. In recent years, there have been shown other cellular pathways and mechanisms involving HIGD1A diametrically or through its interaction. As a novel regulator, HIGD1A maintains mitochondrial integrity and enhances cell viability under hypoxic conditions, increasing cell resistance to hypoxia. HIGD1A mainly targets cytochrome c oxidase by regulating downstream signaling pathways, which affects the ATP generation system and subsequently alters mitochondrial respiratory function. In addition, HIGD1A plays a dual role in cell survival in distinct degree hypoxia regions of the tumor. Under mild and moderate anoxic areas, HIGD1A acts as a positive regulator to promote cell growth. However, HIGD1A plays a role in inhibiting cell growth but retaining cellular activity under severe anoxic areas. We speculate that HIGD1A engages in tumor recurrence and drug resistance mechanisms. This review will focus on data concerning how HIGD1A regulates cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, HIGD1A could be a potential therapeutic target for hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Zhao Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Geng-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tie-Zeng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Chen Q, Ruan D, Shi J, Du D, Bian C. The multifaceted roles of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093038. [PMID: 36860298 PMCID: PMC9968749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in cells, supporting the metabolic demand of tissue. The dysfunctional mitochondria are implicated in various diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction. Natural products are pleiotropic and readily obtainable sources of therapeutic agents, which have broad prospects in new drug discovery. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting natural products have been extensively studied and have shown promising pharmacological activity in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, we summarize recent advances in natural products in targeting mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in this review. We discuss natural products in terms of their mechanisms on mitochondrial dysfunction, including modulating mitochondrial quality control system and regulating mitochondrial functions. In addition, we describe the future perspective and challenges in the development of mitochondria-targeting natural products, emphasizing the potential value of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiayan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongru Du
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Attaway AH, Bellar A, Mishra S, Karthikeyan M, Sekar J, Welch N, Musich R, Singh SS, Kumar A, Menon A, King J, Langen R, Webster J, Scheraga R, Rochon K, Mears J, Naga Prasad SV, Hatzoglou M, Chakraborty AA, Dasarathy S. Adaptive exhaustion during prolonged intermittent hypoxia causes dysregulated skeletal muscle protein homeostasis. J Physiol 2023; 601:567-606. [PMID: 36533558 PMCID: PMC10286804 DOI: 10.1113/jp283700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nocturnal hypoxaemia, which is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, is associated with skeletal muscle loss or sarcopenia, which contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. In COPD, we have defined this as prolonged intermittent hypoxia (PIH) because the duration of hypoxia in skeletal muscle occurs through the duration of sleep followed by normoxia during the day, in contrast to recurrent brief hypoxic episodes during obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Adaptive cellular responses to PIH are not known. Responses to PIH induced by three cycles of 8 h hypoxia followed by 16 h normoxia were compared to those during chronic hypoxia (CH) or normoxia for 72 h in murine C2C12 and human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived differentiated myotubes. RNA sequencing followed by downstream analyses were complemented by experimental validation of responses that included both unique and shared perturbations in ribosomal and mitochondrial function during PIH and CH. A sarcopenic phenotype characterized by decreased myotube diameter and protein synthesis, and increased phosphorylation of eIF2α (Ser51) by eIF2α kinase, and of GCN-2 (general controlled non-derepressed-2), occurred during both PIH and CH. Mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction, disrupted supercomplex assembly, lower activity of Complexes I, III, IV and V, and reduced intermediary metabolite concentrations occurred during PIH and CH. Decreased mitochondrial fission occurred during CH. Physiological relevance was established in skeletal muscle of mice with COPD that had increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, lower protein synthesis and mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction. Molecular and metabolic responses with PIH suggest an adaptive exhaustion with failure to restore homeostasis during normoxia. KEY POINTS: Sarcopenia or skeletal muscle loss is one of the most frequent complications that contributes to mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Unlike chronic hypoxia, prolonged intermittent hypoxia is a frequent, underappreciated and clinically relevant model of hypoxia in patients with COPD. We developed a novel, in vitro myotube model of prolonged intermittent hypoxia with molecular and metabolic perturbations, mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction, and consequent sarcopenic phenotype. In vivo studies in skeletal muscle from a mouse model of COPD shared responses with our myotube model, establishing the pathophysiological relevance of our studies. These data lay the foundation for translational studies in human COPD to target prolonged, nocturnal hypoxaemia to prevent sarcopenia in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy H. Attaway
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Annette Bellar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Manikandan Karthikeyan
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jinendiran Sekar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ryan Musich
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shashi Shekhar Singh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aishwarya Menon
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jasmine King
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ramon Langen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Justine Webster
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Rachel Scheraga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kristy Rochon
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jason Mears
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Raskov H, Gaggar S, Tajik A, Orhan A, Gögenur I. Metabolic switch in cancer - Survival of the fittest. Eur J Cancer 2023; 180:30-51. [PMID: 36527974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell metabolism is characterised by the highly coordinated conversion of nutrients into energy and biomass. In solid cancers, hypoxia, nutrient deficiencies, and tumour vasculature are incompatible with accelerated anabolic growth and require a rewiring of cancer cell metabolism. Driver gene mutations direct malignant cells away from oxidation to maximise energy production and biosynthesis while tumour-secreted factors degrade peripheral tissues to fuel disease progression and initiate metastasis. As it is vital to understand cancer cell metabolism and survival mechanisms, this review discusses the metabolic switch and current drug targets and clinical trials. In the future, metabolic markers may be included when phenotyping individual tumours to improve the therapeutic opportunities for personalised therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Raskov
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, 4600, Denmark.
| | - Shruti Gaggar
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, 4600, Denmark
| | - Asma Tajik
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, 4600, Denmark
| | - Adile Orhan
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, 4600, Denmark; Department of Clinical Oncology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, 4600, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
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Santander-Lucio H, Totomoch-Serra A, Muñoz MDL, García-Hernández N, Pérez-Ramírez G, Valladares-Salgado A, Pérez-Muñoz AA. Variants in the Control Region of Mitochondrial Genome Associated with type 2 Diabetes in a Cohort of Mexican Mestizos. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:113-123. [PMID: 36792418 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the International Diabetes Federation, Mexico is seventh place in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) worldwide. Mitochondrial DNA variant association studies in multifactorial diseases like T2D are scarce in Mexican populations. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to analyze the association between 18 variants in the mtDNA control region and T2D and related metabolic traits in a Mexican mestizo population from Mexico City. METHODS This study included 1001 participants divided into 477 cases with T2D and 524 healthy controls aged between 42 and 62 years and 18 mtDNA variants with frequencies >15%. RESULTS Association analyses matched by age and sex showed differences in the distribution between cases and controls for variants m.315_316insC (p = 1.18 × 10-6), m.489T>C (p = 0.009), m.16362T>C (p = 0.001), and m.16519T>C (p = 0.004). The associations between T2D and variants m.315_316ins (OR = 6.13, CI = 3.42-10.97, p = 1.97 × 10-6), m.489T>C (OR = 1.45, CI = 1.00-2.11, p = 0.006), m.16362T>C (OR = 2.17, CI = 1.57-3.00, p = 0.001), and m.16519T>C (OR = 1.69, CI = 1.23-2.33, p = 0.006) were significant after performing logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and diastolic blood pressure. Metabolic traits in the control group through linear regressions, adjusted for age, sex and BMI, and corrected for multiple comparisons showed nominal association between glucose and variants m.263A>G (p <0.050), m.16183A>C (p <0.010), m.16189T>C (p <0.020), and m.16223C>T (p <0.024); triglycerides, and cholesterol and variant m.309_310insC (p <0.010 and p <0.050 respectively); urea, and creatinine, and variant m.315_316insC (p <0.007, and p <0.004 respectively); diastolic blood pressure and variants m.235A>G (p <0.016), m.263A>G (p <0.013), m.315_316insC (p <0.043), and m.16111C>T (p <0.022). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a strong association between variant m.315_316insC and T2D and a nominal association with T2D traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Santander-Lucio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Armando Totomoch-Serra
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México; Departamento de Electrofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María de Lourdes Muñoz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Normand García-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Ramírez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adán Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ashael Alfredo Pérez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México; Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Ciudad de México, México
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Graham AM, Barreto FS. Myxozoans (Cnidaria) do not Retain Key Oxygen-Sensing and Homeostasis Toolkit Genes. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:6989568. [PMID: 36648250 PMCID: PMC9887271 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
For aerobic organisms, both the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway and the mitochondrial genomes are key players in regulating oxygen homeostasis. Recent work has suggested that these mechanisms are not as highly conserved as previously thought, prompting more surveys across animal taxonomic levels, which would permit testing of hypotheses about the ecological conditions facilitating evolutionary loss of such genes. The Phylum Cnidaria is known to harbor wide variation in mitochondrial chromosome morphology, including an extreme example, in the Myxozoa, of mitochondrial genome loss. Because myxozoans are obligate endoparasites, frequently encountering hypoxic environments, we hypothesize that variation in environmental oxygen availability could be a key determinant in the evolution of metabolic gene networks associated with oxygen-sensing, hypoxia-response, and energy production. Here, we surveyed genomes and transcriptomes across 46 cnidarian species for the presence of HIF pathway members, as well as for an assortment of hypoxia, mitochondrial, and stress-response toolkit genes. We find that presence of the HIF pathway, as well as number of genes associated with mitochondria, hypoxia, and stress response, do not vary in parallel to mitochondrial genome morphology. More interestingly, we uncover evidence that myxozoans have lost the canonical HIF pathway repression machinery, potentially altering HIF pathway functionality to work under the specific conditions of their parasitic lifestyles. In addition, relative to other cnidarians, myxozoans show loss of large proportions of genes associated with the mitochondrion and involved in response to hypoxia and general stress. Our results provide additional evidence that the HIF regulatory machinery is evolutionarily labile and that variations in the canonical system have evolved in many animal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe S Barreto
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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Mallet RT, Burtscher J, Pialoux V, Pasha Q, Ahmad Y, Millet GP, Burtscher M. Molecular Mechanisms of High-Altitude Acclimatization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021698. [PMID: 36675214 PMCID: PMC9866500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude illnesses (HAIs) result from acute exposure to high altitude/hypoxia. Numerous molecular mechanisms affect appropriate acclimatization to hypobaric and/or normobaric hypoxia and curtail the development of HAIs. The understanding of these mechanisms is essential to optimize hypoxic acclimatization for efficient prophylaxis and treatment of HAIs. This review aims to link outcomes of molecular mechanisms to either adverse effects of acute high-altitude/hypoxia exposure or the developing tolerance with acclimatization. After summarizing systemic physiological responses to acute high-altitude exposure, the associated acclimatization, and the epidemiology and pathophysiology of various HAIs, the article focuses on molecular adjustments and maladjustments during acute exposure and acclimatization to high altitude/hypoxia. Pivotal modifying mechanisms include molecular responses orchestrated by transcription factors, most notably hypoxia inducible factors, and reciprocal effects on mitochondrial functions and REDOX homeostasis. In addition, discussed are genetic factors and the resultant proteomic profiles determining these hypoxia-modifying mechanisms culminating in successful high-altitude acclimatization. Lastly, the article discusses practical considerations related to the molecular aspects of acclimatization and altitude training strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T. Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Johannes Burtscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology EA7424, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, FR-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Qadar Pasha
- Institute of Hypoxia Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Yasmin Ahmad
- Defense Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defense Research & Development Organization(DRDO), New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Austrian Society for Alpine and High-Altitude Medicine, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Mesa-Ciller C, Turiel G, Guajardo-Grence A, Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Egea J, De Bock K, Aragonés J, Urrutia AA. Unique expression of the atypical mitochondrial subunit NDUFA4L2 in cerebral pericytes fine tunes HIF activity in response to hypoxia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:44-58. [PMID: 35929074 PMCID: PMC9875353 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A central response to insufficient cerebral oxygen delivery is a profound reprograming of metabolism, which is mainly regulated by the Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF). Among other responses, HIF induces the expression of the atypical mitochondrial subunit NDUFA4L2. Surprisingly, NDUFA4L2 is constitutively expressed in the brain in non-hypoxic conditions. Analysis of publicly available single cell transcriptomic (scRNA-seq) data sets coupled with high-resolution multiplexed fluorescence RNA in situ hybridization (RNA F.I.S.H.) revealed that in the murine and human brain NDUFA4L2 is exclusively expressed in mural cells with the highest levels found in pericytes and declining along the arteriole-arterial smooth muscle cell axis. This pattern was mirrored by COX4I2, another atypical mitochondrial subunit. High NDUFA4L2 expression was also observed in human brain pericytes in vitro, decreasing when pericytes are muscularized and further induced by HIF stabilization in a PHD2/PHD3 dependent manner. In vivo, Vhl conditional inactivation in pericyte targeting Ng2-cre transgenic mice dramatically induced NDUFA4L2 expression. Finally NDUFA4L2 inactivation in pericytes increased oxygen consumption and therefore the degree of HIF pathway induction in hypoxia. In conclusion our work reveals that NDUFA4L2 together with COX4I2 is a key hypoxic-induced metabolic marker constitutively expressed in pericytes coupling mitochondrial oxygen consumption and cellular hypoxia response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mesa-Ciller
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Turiel
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Guajardo-Grence
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julián Aragonés
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés A Urrutia
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Yan C, Ma J, Tian D, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Fu S, Sun Y, Zhang Q. Evaluation of Myocardial Microcirculation in Rats under a High-Altitude Hypoxic Environment by Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging. Int Heart J 2023; 64:928-934. [PMID: 37778996 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.23-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the changes in myocardial microcirculation in rats in a high-altitude hypoxic environment via computed tomography (CT) myocardial perfusion imaging technology. Rats in two groups were raised in different environments from 4 weeks of age for a period of 24 weeks. At 28 weeks of age, both groups underwent CT myocardial perfusion scanning, and the following myocardial perfusion parameters were measured: time to peak (TTP), mean transit time (MTT), blood flow (BF), and blood volume (BV). Following the scan, the rats were sacrificed, the cardiac index and right ventricular hypertrophy index were obtained, and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was utilized to observe the pathological changes in the myocardium. In the group of rats that are subject to a high-altitude hypoxic environment for 24 weeks (the high-altitude group), the TTP and MTT values were increased (P < 0.05), the BF and BV values were lower (P < 0.05), the right heart mass was higher (P < 0.05) than that in the low-altitude group. As shown by the pathological results of HE staining, the gap between cardiomyocytes in the high-altitude group was widened, the arrangement of cardiomyocytes was irregular, and the cells were filled with a few fat vacuoles. The myocardial microcirculation is altered in a high-altitude hypoxic environment. In particular, the myocardium is in a state of inadequate perfusion, the BF in the myocardium slows down, and the right heart displays compensatory hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Yan
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
- Department of Radiology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University
- Department of Hematology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital
| | - Dengfeng Tian
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Fengjuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
- Graduate School of Qinghai University
| | - Yuchun Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
- Graduate School of Qinghai University
| | - Shihan Fu
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
- Graduate School of Qinghai University
| | - Yanqiu Sun
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
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40
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Pathophysiological aspects of the interaction of hypoxia and physical load (experimental study). ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.5-2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. A typical extreme factor is hypoxia, which significantly affects the ability to perform tasks of professional activity, in particular, physical activity of various intensity. Physical and neuro-emotional stress under conditions of hypoxia can cause the breakdown of compensatory and adaptive mechanisms with the development of extreme and critical conditions.The aim of the study. Quantitative assessment of the effect of hypoxia on the physical performance of laboratory animals at different levels of their natural resistance.Research methods. Modeling of hypoxia was carried out by the methods of pressure chamber rise of laboratory animals and the administration of a methemoglobin former. Resistance to hypoxic hypoxia was assessed by the criterion of the threshold elevation, to hemic hypoxia – by the lifetime. The criterion for the functional state of laboratory animals was their ability to perform physical activity, which was created by treadmill run or swimming with a load.Results of the study. An altitude of 3500 m causes a decrease in the physical performance of male rats by a third of normoxia level; an altitude of 5000 m – decrease by two times; an altitude of 6500 m – decrease by four times, and at an altitude of 8000 m makes running physical activity by rats impossible. A mild degree of hemic hypoxia causes a decrease in swimming time by almost 2 times, which corresponds to the effect of an altitude of 5000 m on the working capacity; and a moderate degree of hemic hypoxia causes a decrease in swimming time by more than 3 times, which approximately corresponds to the effect of an altitude of 6000 m. The level of resistance to hypoxia has a moderate effect on physical performance, and the factor of a low level of physical performance has almost no effect on the resistance to hypoxia (28 % and 7 % of the trait variability respectively). In animals with an initially low level of resistance to hypoxia, there is also a decrease in working capacity by an average of 20 %.Conclusion. Hemic hypoxia is an adequate model in studies with a complex effect of various extreme factors. Simulation of mild hypoxia caused by the administration of 30 mg/kg of sodium nitrite is an optimal method.
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Pedriali G, Ramaccini D, Bouhamida E, Wieckowski MR, Giorgi C, Tremoli E, Pinton P. Perspectives on mitochondrial relevance in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1082095. [PMID: 36561366 PMCID: PMC9763599 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1082095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide and in particular, ischemic heart disease holds the most considerable position. Even if it has been deeply studied, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is still a side-effect of the clinical treatment for several heart diseases: ischemia process itself leads to temporary damage to heart tissue and obviously the recovery of blood flow is promptly required even if it worsens the ischemic injury. There is no doubt that mitochondria play a key role in pathogenesis of IRI: dysfunctions of these important organelles alter cell homeostasis and survival. It has been demonstrated that during IRI the system of mitochondrial quality control undergoes alterations with the disruption of the complex balance between the processes of mitochondrial fusion, fission, biogenesis and mitophagy. The fundamental role of mitochondria is carried out thanks to the finely regulated connection to other organelles such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus, therefore impairments of these inter-organelle communications exacerbate IRI. This review pointed to enhance the importance of the mitochondrial network in the pathogenesis of IRI with the aim to focus on potential mitochondria-targeting therapies as new approach to control heart tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pedriali
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | - Esmaa Bouhamida
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Science, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy,*Correspondence: Paolo Pinton, ; Elena Tremoli,
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Science, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,*Correspondence: Paolo Pinton, ; Elena Tremoli,
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Taze C, Drakouli S, Samiotaki M, Panayotou G, Simos G, Georgatsou E, Mylonis I. Short-term hypoxia triggers ROS and SAFB mediated nuclear matrix and mRNA splicing remodeling. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102545. [PMID: 36427398 PMCID: PMC9692040 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia, in addition to HIF-dependent transcriptional reprogramming, also involves less characterized transcription-independent processes, such as alternative splicing of the VEGFA transcript leading to the production of the proangiogenic VEGF form. We now show that this event depends on reorganization of the splicing machinery, triggered after short-term hypoxia by ROS production and intranuclear redistribution of the nucleoskeletal proteins SAFB1/2. Exposure to low oxygen causes fast dissociation of SAFB1/2 from the nuclear matrix, which is reversible, inhibited by antioxidant treatment, and also observed under normoxia when the mitochondrial electron transport chain is blocked. This is accompanied by altered interactions between SAFB1/2 and the splicing machinery, translocation of kinase SRPK1 to the cytoplasm, and dephosphorylation of RS-splicing factors. Depletion of SAFB1/2 under normoxia phenocopies the hypoxic and ROS-mediated switch in VEGF mRNA splicing. These data suggest that ROS-dependent remodeling of the nuclear architecture can promote production of splicing variants that facilitate adaptation to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysa Taze
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece
| | - Sotiria Drakouli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, BSRC “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, BSRC “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672, Greece
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, H4A 3T2, Canada
| | - Eleni Georgatsou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece
| | - Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece,Corresponding author.
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Burtscher J, Mallet RT, Pialoux V, Millet GP, Burtscher M. Adaptive Responses to Hypoxia and/or Hyperoxia in Humans. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:887-912. [PMID: 35102747 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Oxygen is indispensable for aerobic life, but its utilization exposes cells and tissues to oxidative stress; thus, tight regulation of cellular, tissue, and systemic oxygen concentrations is crucial. Here, we review the current understanding of how the human organism (mal-)adapts to low (hypoxia) and high (hyperoxia) oxygen levels and how these adaptations may be harnessed as therapeutic or performance enhancing strategies at the systemic level. Recent Advances: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is already a cornerstone of modern medicine, and the application of mild hypoxia, that is, hypoxia conditioning (HC), to strengthen the resilience of organs or the whole body to severe hypoxic insults is an important preparation for high-altitude sojourns or to protect the cardiovascular system from hypoxic/ischemic damage. Many other applications of adaptations to hypo- and/or hyperoxia are only just emerging. HC-sometimes in combination with hyperoxic interventions-is gaining traction for the treatment of chronic diseases, including numerous neurological disorders, and for performance enhancement. Critical Issues: The dose- and intensity-dependent effects of varying oxygen concentrations render hypoxia- and/or hyperoxia-based interventions potentially highly beneficial, yet hazardous, although the risks versus benefits are as yet ill-defined. Future Directions: The field of low and high oxygen conditioning is expanding rapidly, and novel applications are increasingly recognized, for example, the modulation of aging processes, mood disorders, or metabolic diseases. To advance hypoxia/hyperoxia conditioning to clinical applications, more research on the effects of the intensity, duration, and frequency of altered oxygen concentrations, as well as on individual vulnerabilities to such interventions, is paramount. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 887-912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology EA7424, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Correia SC, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, Casadesus G, LaManna J, Perry G, Moreira PI. Hypoxic Preconditioning Averts Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease-Like Phenotype in Rats: A Focus on Mitochondria. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:739-757. [PMID: 35316086 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.8007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Brief episodes of sublethal hypoxia reprogram brain response to face possible subsequent lethal stimuli by triggering adaptive and prosurvival events-a phenomenon denominated hypoxic preconditioning (HP). To date, the potential therapeutic implications of HP to forestall sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) pathology remain unexplored. Using a well-established protocol of HP and focusing on hippocampus as a first brain region affected in AD, this study was undertaken to investigate the potential protective effects of HP in a sAD rat model induced by the intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of streptozotocin (STZ) and to uncover the mitochondrial adaptations underlying this nonpharmacological strategy. Results: HP prevented the memory and learning deficits as well as tau pathology in the icvSTZ rat model. HP also attenuated icvSTZ-related reactive astrogliosis, as noted by increased glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity and myo-inositol levels. Notably, HP abrogated the icvSTZ-related impaired energy metabolism and oxidative damage. Particularly, HP averted increased lactate, glutamate, and succinate levels, and decreased mitochondrial respiratory chain function and mitochondrial DNA content. Concerning mitochondrial adaptations underlying HP-triggered tolerance to icvSTZ, preconditioned hippocampal mitochondria displayed an enhanced complex II-energized mitochondrial respiration, which resulted from a coordinated interaction between mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion-fission. Mitochondrial biogenesis was stimulated immediately after HP, whereas in a latter phase mitochondrial fusion-fission events are modulated favoring the generation of elongated mitochondria. Innovation and Conclusion: Overall, these results demonstrate for the first time that HP prevents the sAD-like phenotype, in part, by targeting mitochondria emerging as a preventive strategy in the context of AD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 739-757.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia C Correia
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, and University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph LaManna
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - George Perry
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paula I Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, and University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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45
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Torres-Soria AK, Romero Y, Balderas-Martínez YI, Velázquez-Cruz R, Torres-Espíndola LM, Camarena A, Flores-Soto E, Solís-Chagoyán H, Ruiz V, Carlos-Reyes Á, Salinas-Lara C, Luis-García ER, Chávez J, Castillejos-López M, Aquino-Gálvez A. Functional Repercussions of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192938. [PMID: 36230900 PMCID: PMC9562026 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential in regulating several cellular processes, such as survival, differentiation, and the cell cycle; this adaptation is orchestrated in a complex way. In this review, we focused on the impact of hypoxia in the physiopathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) related to lung development, regeneration, and repair. There is robust evidence that the responses of HIF-1α and -2α differ; HIF-1α participates mainly in the acute phase of the response to hypoxia, and HIF-2α in the chronic phase. The analysis of their structure and of different studies showed a high specificity according to the tissue and the process involved. We propose that hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 2a (HIF-2α) is part of the persistent aberrant regeneration associated with developing IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karen Torres-Soria
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico
| | - Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Yalbi I. Balderas-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | | | - Angel Camarena
- Laboratorio de HLA, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Víctor Ruiz
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiología, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Citlaltepetl Salinas-Lara
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico
| | - Erika Rubí Luis-García
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jaime Chávez
- Departamento de Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades, Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Manuel Castillejos-López
- Departamento de Epidemiología y Estadística, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades, Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.-L.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.-L.); (A.A.-G.)
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Ma S, Yeom J, Lim YH. Specific activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α by propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway stimulates MUC2 production in intestinal goblet cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113672. [PMID: 36095963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are known to stimulate mucin expression in the intestine, which contributes to the gut mucosal immune responses, and the gut mucosal immune system extends to the brain and other organs through several axes. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1α, are known to act as the master regulator of mucin expression, however, underlying mechanism of mucin expression during hypoxia by SCFAs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of MUC2 expression by propionate, an SCFA, in intestinal goblet cells. The real time oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATPase activity were measured to investigate the induction of hypoxia by propionate. Using 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), microarray analysis, and siRNA-induced gene silencing, we found that propionate is metabolized via a β-oxidation-like pathway instead of the vitamin B12-dependent carboxylation pathway (also known as the methylmalonyl pathway). We verified the results by analyzing several intermediates in the pathway using LC-MS and GC-MS. Propionate metabolism via the β-oxidation-like pathway leads to the depletion of oxygen and thereby induces hypoxia. Analysis of HIFs revealed that HIF-2α is the primary HIF whose activation is induced by propionate metabolism in a hypoxic environment and that HIF-2α regulates the expression of MUC2. Thus, hypoxia induced during propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway specifically activates HIF-2α, stimulating MUC2 production in LS 174 T goblet cells. Our findings show that propionate-induced selective HIF-2α stimulation contributes to intestinal mucosal defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongho Ma
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiah Yeom
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea.
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HIF-1 stabilization in T cells hampers the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5093. [PMID: 36064840 PMCID: PMC9445005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate the main transcriptional pathway of response to hypoxia in T cells and are negatively regulated by von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL). But the role of HIFs in the regulation of CD4 T cell responses during infection with M. tuberculosis isn’t well understood. Here we show that mice lacking VHL in T cells (Vhl cKO) are highly susceptible to infection with M. tuberculosis, which is associated with a low accumulation of mycobacteria-specific T cells in the lungs that display reduced proliferation, altered differentiation and enhanced expression of inhibitory receptors. In contrast, HIF-1 deficiency in T cells is redundant for M. tuberculosis control. Vhl cKO mice also show reduced responses to vaccination. Further, VHL promotes proper MYC-activation, cell-growth responses, DNA synthesis, proliferation and survival of CD4 T cells after TCR activation. The VHL-deficient T cell responses are rescued by the loss of HIF-1α, indicating that the increased susceptibility to M. tuberculosis infection and the impaired responses of Vhl-deficient T cells are HIF-1-dependent. The role of hypoxia inducible factors in infection and immune response is unclear. Here, the authors study their impact on the regulation of T cells responses during Mycobacteria tuberculosis infection using transcriptomics, flow cytometry and in vivo infection.
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Wang M, Pang Y, Guo Y, Tian L, Liu Y, Shen C, Liu M, Meng Y, Cai Z, Wang Y, Zhao W. Metabolic reprogramming: A novel therapeutic target in diabetic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970601. [PMID: 36120335 PMCID: PMC9479190 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. However, the pathological mechanisms contributing to DKD are multifactorial and poorly understood. Diabetes is characterized by metabolic disorders that can bring about a series of changes in energy metabolism. As the most energy-consuming organs secondary only to the heart, the kidneys must maintain energy homeostasis. Aberrations in energy metabolism can lead to cellular dysfunction or even death. Metabolic reprogramming, a shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and its side branches, is thought to play a critical role in the development and progression of DKD. This review focuses on the current knowledge about metabolic reprogramming and the role it plays in DKD development. The underlying etiologies, pathological damages in the involved cells, and potential molecular regulators of metabolic alterations are also discussed. Understanding the role of metabolic reprogramming in DKD may provide novel therapeutic approaches to delay its progression to end-stage renal disease.
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Morris G, Gevezova M, Sarafian V, Maes M. Redox regulation of the immune response. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1079-1101. [PMID: 36056148 PMCID: PMC9508259 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The aim of this mechanistic review is to examine: (a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription factors and enzymes, ROS/RNS production, and the activity of cellular antioxidants in the activation and performance of macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells; (b) the involvement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), and oxidized phospholipids in regulating the immune response; and (c) the detrimental effects of hypernitrosylation and chronic nitro-oxidative stress on the immune response. The redox changes during immune-inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the actions of nuclear factor-κB, HIF1α, the mechanistic target of rapamycin, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases, 5' AMP-activated protein kinase, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. The performance and survival of individual immune cells is under redox control and depends on intracellular and extracellular levels of ROS/RNS. They are heavily influenced by cellular antioxidants including the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and the HDL/ApoA1/PON1 complex. Chronic nitro-oxidative stress and hypernitrosylation inhibit the activity of those antioxidant systems, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, mitochondrial functions, and the metabolism of immune cells. In conclusion, redox-associated mechanisms modulate metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, macrophage and T helper cell polarization, phagocytosis, production of pro- versus anti-inflammatory cytokines, immune training and tolerance, chemotaxis, pathogen sensing, antiviral and antibacterial effects, Toll-like receptor activity, and endotoxin tolerance.
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Manda G, Milanesi E, Genc S, Niculite CM, Neagoe IV, Tastan B, Dragnea EM, Cuadrado A. Pros and cons of NRF2 activation as adjunctive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:179-201. [PMID: 35964840 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with an important inflammatory component accompanied by deregulated redox-dependent signaling pathways that are feeding back into inflammation. In this context, we bring into focus the transcription factor NRF2, a master redox regulator that exerts exquisite antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The review does not intend to be exhaustive, but to point out arguments sustaining the rationale for applying an NRF2-directed co-treatment in RA as well as its potential limitations. The involvement of NRF2 in RA is emphasized through an analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data on NRF2 target genes and the findings from NRF2-knockout mice. The impact of NRF2 on concurrent pathologic mechanisms in RA is explained by its crosstalk with major redox-sensitive inflammatory and cell death-related pathways, in the context of the increased survival of pathologic cells in RA. The proposed adjunctive therapy targeted to NRF2 is further sustained by the existence of promising NRF2 activators that are in various stages of drug development. The interference of NRF2 with conventional anti-rheumatic therapies is discussed, including the cytoprotective effects of NRF2 for alleviating drug toxicity. From another perspective, the review presents how NRF2 activation would be decreasing the efficacy of synthetic anti-rheumatic drugs by increasing drug efflux. Future perspectives regarding pharmacologic NRF2 activation in RA are finally proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Manda
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sermin Genc
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cristina Mariana Niculite
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Victoria Neagoe
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bora Tastan
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elena Mihaela Dragnea
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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