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Hernandez-Nicols BF, Robledo-Pulido JJ, Alvarado-Navarro A. Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis: Integration of Proposed Theories. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:348-415. [PMID: 38240030 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2302823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by squamous and erythematous plaques on the skin and the involvement of the immune system. Global prevalence for psoriasis has been reported around 1-3% with a higher incidence in adults and similar proportions between men and women. The risk factors associated with psoriasis are both extrinsic and intrinsic, out of which a polygenic predisposition is a highlight out of the latter. Psoriasis etiology is not yet fully described, but several hypothesis have been proposed: 1) the autoimmunity hypothesis is based on the over-expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37, the proteins ADAMTSL5, K17, and hsp27, or lipids synthesized by the PLA2G4D enzyme, all of which may serve as autoantigens to promote the differentiation of autoreactive lymphocytes T and unleash a chronic inflammatory response; 2) dysbiosis of skin microbiota hypothesis in psoriasis has gained relevance due to the observations of a loss of diversity and the participation of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus spp. or Staphylococcus spp. the fungi Malassezia spp. or Candida spp. and the virus HPV, HCV, or HIV in psoriatic plaques; 3) the oxidative stress hypothesis, the most recent one, describes that the cell injury and the release of proinflammatory mediators and antimicrobial peptides that leads to activate of the Th1/Th17 axis observed in psoriasis is caused by a higher release of reactive oxygen species and the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. This review aims to describe the mechanisms involved in the three hypotheses on the etiopathogeneses of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Fernanda Hernandez-Nicols
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan José Robledo-Pulido
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Anabell Alvarado-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Su T, He Y, Huang Y, Ye M, Guo Q, Xiao Y, Cai G, Chen L, Li C, Zhou H, Luo X. Myeloid-derived grancalcin instigates obesity-induced insulin resistance and metabolic inflammation in male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:97. [PMID: 38167327 PMCID: PMC10762069 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the bone and adipose tissue is known to orchestrate metabolic homeostasis, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Herein, we find that GCA + (grancalcin) immune cells accumulate in the bone marrow and release a considerable amount of GCA into circulation during obesity. Genetic deletion of Gca in myeloid cells attenuates metabolic dysfunction in obese male mice, whereas injection of recombinant GCA into male mice causes adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, we found that GCA binds to the Prohibitin-2 (PHB2) receptor on adipocytes and activates the innate and adaptive immune response of adipocytes via the PAK1-NF-κB signaling pathway, thus provoking the infiltration of inflammatory immune cells. Moreover, we show that GCA-neutralizing antibodies improve adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity in obese male mice. Together, these observations define a mechanism whereby bone marrow factor GCA initiates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, showing that GCA could be a potential target to treat metainflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Su
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yue He
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Mingsheng Ye
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ye Xiao
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guangping Cai
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Linyun Chen
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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Ozmen A, Nwabuobi C, Tang Z, Guo X, Larsen K, Guller S, Blas J, Moore M, Kayisli UA, Lockwood CJ, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O. Leptin-Mediated Induction of IL-6 Expression in Hofbauer Cells Contributes to Preeclampsia Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:135. [PMID: 38203306 PMCID: PMC10778808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptin plays a crucial role in regulating energy homoeostasis, neuroendocrine function, metabolism, and immune and inflammatory responses. The adipose tissue is a main source of leptin, but during pregnancy, leptin is also secreted primarily by the placenta. Circulating leptin levels peak during the second trimester of human pregnancy and fall after labor. Several studies indicated a strong association between elevated placental leptin levels and preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis and elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in PE patients. Therefore, we hypothesized that a local increase in placental leptin production induces IL-6 production in Hofbauer cells (HBCs) to contribute to PE-associated inflammation. We first investigated HBCs-specific IL-6 and leptin receptor (LEPR) expression and compared their immunoreactivity in PE vs. gestational age-matched control placentas. Subsequently, we examined the in vitro regulation of IL-6 as well as the phosphorylation levels of intracellular signaling proteins STAT3, STAT5, NF-κB, and ERK1/2 by increasing recombinant human leptin concentrations (10 to 1000 ng/mL) in primary cultured HBCs. Lastly, HBC cultures were incubated with leptin ± specific inhibitors of STAT3 or STAT5, or p65 NF-κB or ERK1/2 MAPK signaling cascades to determine relevant cascade(s) involved in leptin-mediated IL-6 regulation. Immunohistochemistry revealed ~three- and ~five-fold increases in IL-6 and LEPR expression, respectively, in HBCs from PE placentas. In vitro analysis indicated that leptin treatment in HBCs stimulate IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner both at the transcriptional and secretory levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, leptin-treated HBC cultures displayed significantly increased phosphorylation levels of STAT5, p65 NF-κB, and ERK1/2 MAPK and pre-incubation of HBCs with a specific ERK1/2 MAPK inhibitor blocked leptin-induced IL-6 expression. Our in situ results show that HBCs contribute to the pathogenesis of PE by elevating IL-6 expression, and in vitro results indicate that induction of IL-6 expression in HBCs is primarily leptin-mediated. While HBCs display an anti-inflammatory phenotype in normal placentas, elevated levels of leptin may transform HBCs into a pro-inflammatory phenotype by activating ERK1/2 MAPK to augment IL-6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Ozmen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Chinedu Nwabuobi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (Z.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Kellie Larsen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Seth Guller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (Z.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Jacqueline Blas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Monica Moore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Umit A. Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Charles J. Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
| | - Ozlem Guzeloglu-Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.O.); (C.N.); (X.G.); (K.L.); (J.B.); (M.M.); (U.A.K.); (C.J.L.)
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Arora H. Leptin and male fertility: unraveling the molecular pathways, receptor functions, and therapeutic potential. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:880-882. [PMID: 37482452 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, an adipokine hormone, is a critical regulator of energy homeostasis, appetite, and metabolism. Recent advances have elucidated its role in male fertility. This forum provides an overview of the interplay between leptin, its receptors, and signaling pathways in the context of male fertility, revealing its multifaceted impact on reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Arora
- Desai Sethi Institute of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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Nigro E, D’Agnano V, Quarcio G, Mariniello DF, Bianco A, Daniele A, Perrotta F. Exploring the Network between Adipocytokines and Inflammatory Response in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3806. [PMID: 37686837 PMCID: PMC10490077 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is actually regarded as an endocrine organ, rather than as an organ that merely stores energy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, obesity has undoubtedly emerged as one of the most important risk factors for disease severity and poor outcomes related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aberrant production of cytokine-like hormones, called adipokines, may contribute to alterations in metabolism, dysfunction in vascular endothelium and the creation of a state of general chronic inflammation. Moreover, chronic, low-grade inflammation linked to obesity predisposes the host to immunosuppression and excessive cytokine activation. In this respect, understanding the mechanisms that link obesity with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection could represent a real game changer in the development of new therapeutic strategies. Our review therefore examines the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2, the implications with visceral adipose tissue and the influences of the adipose tissue and its adipokines on the clinical behavior of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl “Franco Salvatore”, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (E.N.); (A.D.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Vito D’Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.Q.); (D.F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Gianluca Quarcio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.Q.); (D.F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Domenica Francesca Mariniello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.Q.); (D.F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.Q.); (D.F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl “Franco Salvatore”, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (E.N.); (A.D.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.Q.); (D.F.M.); (A.B.)
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6
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Serrano E, Shenoy P, Martinez Cantarin MP. Adipose tissue metabolic changes in chronic kidney disease. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM (SURREY, ENGLAND)) 2023; 5:e00023. [PMID: 37128293 PMCID: PMC10144329 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex organ whose functions go beyond being an energy reservoir to sustain proper body energy homeostasis. Functioning as an endocrine organ, the adipose tissue has an active role in the body's metabolic balance regulation through several secreted factors generally termed as adipokines. Thus, adipose tissue dysregulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can have a deep impact in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with metabolic dysregulation including metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (IR), atherosclerosis, and even cachexia. CKD is a progressive disorder linked to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite being characterized by renal function loss, CKD is accompanied by metabolic disturbances such as dyslipidemia, protein energy wasting, chronic low-grade inflammation, IR, and lipid redistribution. Thus far, the mechanisms by which these changes occur and the role of adipose tissue in CKD development and progression are unclear. Further understanding of how these factors develop could have implications for the management of CKD by helping identify pharmacological targets to improve CKD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eurico Serrano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prashamsa Shenoy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Paula Martinez Cantarin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- *Correspondence: Maria Paula Martinez Cantarin, E-mail:
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7
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Latteri S, Sofia M, Puleo S, Di Vincenzo A, Cinti S, Castorina S. Mechanisms linking bariatric surgery to adipose tissue, glucose metabolism, fatty liver disease and gut microbiota. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2023; 408:101. [PMID: 36826628 PMCID: PMC9957865 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-02821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the last 20 years, bariatric surgery has achieved an important role in translational and clinical research because of obesity comorbidities. Initially, a tool to lose weight, bariatric surgery now has been shown to be involved in several metabolic pathways. METHODS We conducted a narrative review discussing the underlying mechanisms that could explain the impact of bariatric surgery and the relationship between obesity and adipose tissue, T2D, gut microbiota, and NAFLD. RESULTS Bariatric surgery has an impact in the relation between obesity and type 2 diabetes, but in addition it induces the white-to-brown adipocyte trans-differentiation, by enhancing thermogenesis. Another issue is the connection of bariatric surgery with the gut microbiota and its role in the complex mechanism underlying weight gain. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery modifies gut microbiota, and these modifications influence lipid metabolism, leading to improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Latteri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia
- Department of General Surgery, Cannizzaro Hospital, Via Messina 829, 95126, Catania, Italy.
| | - Stefano Puleo
- Mediterranean Foundation "GB Morgagni", Catania, Italy
| | - Angelica Di Vincenzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10A, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10A, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Mediterranean Foundation "GB Morgagni", Catania, Italy
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Zhang KW, Jia Y, Li YY, Guo DY, Li XX, Hu K, Qian XX, Chen ZH, Wu JJ, Yuan ZD, Yuan FL. LEP and LEPR are possibly a double-edged sword for wound healing. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:355-365. [PMID: 36571294 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and error-prone process. Wound healing in adults often leads to the formation of scars, a type of fibrotic tissue that lacks skin appendages. Hypertrophic scars and keloids can also form when the wound-healing process goes wrong. Leptin (Lep) and leptin receptors (LepRs) have recently been shown to affect multiple stages of wound healing. This effect, however, is paradoxical for scarless wound healing. On the one hand, Lep exerts pro-inflammatory and profibrotic effects; on the other hand, Lep can regulate hair follicle growth. This paper summarises the role of Lep and LepRs on cells in different stages of wound healing, briefly introduces the process of wound healing and Lep and LepRs, and examines the possibility of promoting scarless wound healing through spatiotemporal, systemic, and local regulation of Lep levels and the binding of Lep and LepRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wen Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yue-Yue Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan-Yang Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Qian
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Department of Medicine, The Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Kibriya MG, Raza M, Quinn A, Kamal M, Ahsan H, Jasmine F. A Transcriptome and Methylome Study Comparing Tissues of Early and Late Onset Colorectal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214261. [PMID: 36430738 PMCID: PMC9697435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increase in the incidence of early onset colorectal carcinoma (EOCRC). To better understand if there is any difference in molecular pathogenesis of EOCRC and late onset colorectal carcinoma (LOCRC), we compared the clinical, histological, transcriptome, and methylome profile of paired CRC and healthy colonic tissue from 67 EOCRC and 98 LOCRC patients. The frequency of stage 3 CRC, lymph node involvement, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion was higher in the EOCRC group. Many of the cancer related pathways were differentially expressed in CRC tissue in both EOCRC and LOCRC patients. However, the magnitude of differential expression for some groups of genes, such as DNA damage repair genes and replication stress genes, were significantly less pronounced in the EOCRC group, suggesting less efficient DNA damage repair to be associated with EOCRC. A more marked methylation of "growth factor receptor" genes in LOCRC correlated with a more pronounced down-regulation of those genes in that group. From a therapeutic point of view, more over-expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) among the LOCRC patients may suggest a better response of FASN targeted therapy in that group. The age of onset of CRC did not appear to modify the response of cis-platin or certain immune checkpoint inhibitors. We found some differences in the molecular pathogenesis in EOCRC and LOCRC that may have some biological and therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Maruf Raza
- Department of Pathology, Jahurul Islam Medical College, Kishoregonj 2336, Bangladesh
| | - Anthony Quinn
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mohammed Kamal
- Department of Pathology, The Laboratory Dhaka, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Gregory A, Xu Z, Pratte K, Lee S, Liu C, Chase R, Yun J, Saferali A, Hersh CP, Bowler R, Silverman E, Castaldi PJ, Boueiz A. Clustering-based COPD subtypes have distinct longitudinal outcomes and multi-omics biomarkers. BMJ Open Respir Res 2022; 9:9/1/e001182. [PMID: 35999035 PMCID: PMC9403129 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can progress across several domains, complicating the identification of the determinants of disease progression. In our previous work, we applied k-means clustering to spirometric and chest radiological measures to identify four COPD-related subtypes: ‘relatively resistant smokers (RRS)’, ‘mild upper lobe-predominant emphysema (ULE)’, ‘airway-predominant disease (AD)’ and ‘severe emphysema (SE)’. In the current study, we examined the associations of these subtypes to longitudinal COPD-related health measures as well as blood transcriptomic and plasma proteomic biomarkers. Methods We included 8266 non-Hispanic white and African-American smokers from the COPDGene study. We used linear regression to investigate cluster associations to 5-year prospective changes in spirometric and radiological measures and to gene expression and protein levels. We used Cox-proportional hazard test to test for cluster associations to prospective exacerbations, comorbidities and mortality. Results The RRS, ULE, AD and SE clusters represented 39%, 15%, 26% and 20% of the studied cohort at baseline, respectively. The SE cluster had the greatest 5-year FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and emphysema progression, and the highest risks of exacerbations, cardiovascular disease and mortality. The AD cluster had the highest diabetes risk. After adjustments, only the SE cluster had an elevated respiratory mortality risk, while the ULE, AD and SE clusters had elevated all-cause mortality risks. These clusters also demonstrated differential protein and gene expression biomarker associations, mostly related to inflammatory and immune processes. Conclusion COPD k-means subtypes demonstrate varying rates of disease progression, prospective comorbidities, mortality and associations to transcriptomic and proteomic biomarkers. These findings emphasise the clinical and biological relevance of these subtypes, which call for more study for translation into clinical practice. Trail registration number NCT00608764.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gregory
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Pratte
- Department of Biostatistics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sool Lee
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Congjian Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeong Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aabida Saferali
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Edwin Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter J Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,General Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adel Boueiz
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Ekpruke CD, Silveyra P. Sex Differences in Airway Remodeling and Inflammation: Clinical and Biological Factors. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:875295. [PMID: 35769576 PMCID: PMC9234861 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.875295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by an increase in the contraction and inflammation of airway muscles, resulting in airflow obstruction. The prevalence of asthma is lower in females than in males until the start of puberty, and higher in adult women than men. This sex disparity and switch at the onset of puberty has been an object of debate among many researchers. Hence, in this review, we have summarized these observations to pinpoint areas needing more research work and to provide better sex-specific diagnosis and management of asthma. While some researchers have attributed it to the anatomical and physiological differences in the male and female respiratory systems, the influences of hormonal interplay after puberty have also been stressed. Other hormones such as leptin have been linked to the sex differences in asthma in both obese and non-obese patients. Recently, many scientists have also demonstrated the influence of the sex-specific genomic framework as a key player, and others have linked it to environmental, social lifestyle, and occupational exposures. The majority of studies concluded that adult men are less susceptible to developing asthma than women and that women display more severe forms of the disease. Therefore, the understanding of the roles played by sex- and gender-specific factors, and the biological mechanisms involved will help develop novel and more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic plans for sex-specific asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Damilola Ekpruke
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Patricia Silveyra
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12
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Socol CT, Chira A, Martinez-Sanchez MA, Nuñez-Sanchez MA, Maerescu CM, Mierlita D, Rusu AV, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Trif M, Ramos-Molina B. Leptin Signaling in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4713. [PMID: 35563103 PMCID: PMC9102849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the leading diseases causing deaths in the world, showing a complex multifactorial pathology. Obesity is considered a risk factor in CRC development through inflammation, metabolic, and signaling processes. Leptin is one of the most important adipokines related to obesity and an important proinflammatory marker, mainly expressed in adipose tissue, with many genetic variation profiles, many related influencing factors, and various functions that have been ascribed but not yet fully understood and elucidated, the most important ones being related to energy metabolism, as well as endocrine and immune systems. Aberrant signaling and genetic variations of leptin are correlated with obesity and CRC, with the genetic causality showing both inherited and acquired events, in addition to lifestyle and environmental risk factors; these might also be related to specific pathogenic pathways at different time points. Moreover, mutation gain is a crucial factor enabling the genetic process of CRC. Currently, the inconsistent and insufficient data related to leptin's relationship with obesity and CRC indicate the necessity of further related studies. This review summarizes the current knowledge on leptin genetics and its potential relationship with the main pathogenic pathways of obesity and CRC, in an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms of these associations, in the context of inconsistent and contradictory data. The understanding of these mechanisms linking obesity and CRC could help to develop novel therapeutic targets and prevention strategies, resulting in a better prognosis and management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Chira
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Antonia Martinez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | - Maria Angeles Nuñez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | | | - Daniel Mierlita
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oradea, 410048 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Vasile Rusu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonio Jose Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Monica Trif
- Department of Food Research, Centiv GmbH, 28857 Syke, Germany;
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
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13
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Tian Z, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Chang XH, Zhu HL. Serum and peritoneal fluid leptin levels in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:689-693. [PMID: 33355014 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1862789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of leptin in the development of endometriosis has been investigated previously. However, researches on the change of leptin levels in endometriosis remains controversial. So, we aimed to clarify changes of leptin levels in patients with endometriosis and their association with the progression of endometriosis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published before May 25, 2020. The detected levels of leptin in patients with endometriosis versus controls were evaluated in this meta-analysis. Eighteen studies met our inclusion criteria, five studies detected serum, nine detected peritoneal fluid and another four detected both serum and peritoneal fluid leptin levels. The overall results showed that peritoneal fluid leptin levels in patients with endometriosis was significantly higher than that in the control group, but the serum and corrected peritoneal fluid leptin levels were comparable in both groups. Subgroup analysis failed to eliminate the high degree of heterogeneity included in the studies and showed that peritoneal fluid leptin levels were significantly elevated in both early and advanced endometriosis. In conclusion, peritoneal fluid rather than serum leptin levels was elevated in patients with endometriosis, which did not seem to be related to the severity of endometriosis, but was related to body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Lan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Kalaitzopoulos DR, Lempesis IG, Samartzis N, Kolovos G, Dedes I, Daniilidis A, Nirgianakis K, Leeners B, Goulis DG, Samartzis EP. Leptin concentrations in endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 146:103338. [PMID: 34126469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition, affecting mainly women of reproductive age. Leptin is a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, posing pleiotropic actions, and regulating immunity and fertility. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding leptin concentrations in biological fluids and tissues of women with endometriosis, and to investigate and propose a possible role of leptin in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of the literature was conducted in two electronic databases (MEDLINE, COCHRANE) and grey literature for original research articles on humans, published in any language. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies with 1291 women with endometriosis and 1664 controls were included in the systematic review. Peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid leptin concentrations were higher in endometriosis compared with control group [mean difference (MD) 7.10, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.76 to 9.44 ng/mL, 18 studies), (MD 1.35, 95 % CI 0.54-2.17 ng/ml, 2 studies) respectively. No differences were evident in serum (MD 0.92, 95 % CI -0.84 to 2.68 ng/mL, 12 studies) or plasma (MD -0.95, 95 % CI -4.63 to 2.72 ng/mL, 3 studies) between the groups. No meta-analysis was conducted for ovarian tissue leptin (2 studies). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provided evidence for increased leptin concentrations in both peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid of women with endometriosis compared with control; these differences were not present in the serum or plasma. The above results support a potential pathophysiologic role for leptin in the local microenvironment while declines its use as a blood diagnostic marker. Furthermore, we propose a possible role of leptin in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis G Lempesis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK; Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Samartzis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital Schaffhausen, Geissbergstrasse 81, 8208, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Kolovos
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital Schaffhausen, Geissbergstrasse 81, 8208, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Dedes
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstr. 10, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angelos Daniilidis
- 2nd University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Nirgianakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstr. 10, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Abstract
Leptin is a pluripotent peptide hormone produced mainly by adipocytes, as well as by other tissues such as the stomach. Leptin primarily acts on the central nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus, where this hormone regulates energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function. Owing to this, disruption of leptin signaling has been linked with numerous pathological conditions. Recent studies have also highlighted the diverse roles of leptin in the digestive system including immune regulation, cell proliferation, tissue healing, and glucose metabolism. Of note, leptin acts differently under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the functions of leptin and its downstream signaling in the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs, with an emphasis on its physiological and pathological implications. We also discuss the current therapeutic uses of recombinant leptin, as well as its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hyun Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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The Inflammatory Profile of Obesity and the Role on Pulmonary Bacterial and Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073456. [PMID: 33810619 PMCID: PMC8037155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a globally increasing health problem, entailing diverse comorbidities such as infectious diseases. An obese weight status has marked effects on lung function that can be attributed to mechanical dysfunctions. Moreover, the alterations of adipocyte-derived signal mediators strongly influence the regulation of inflammation, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation. Our review summarizes the known effects regarding pulmonary bacterial and viral infections. For this, we discuss model systems that allow mechanistic investigation of the interplay between obesity and lung infections. Overall, obesity gives rise to a higher susceptibility to infectious pathogens, but the pathogenetic process is not clearly defined. Whereas, viral infections often show a more severe course in obese patients, the same patients seem to have a survival benefit during bacterial infections. In particular, we summarize the main mechanical impairments in the pulmonary tract caused by obesity. Moreover, we outline the main secretory changes within the expanded adipose tissue mass, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation. Finally, we connect these altered host factors to the influence of obesity on the development of lung infection by summarizing observations from clinical and experimental data.
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17
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Tsutsumi T, Komura K, Hashimoto T, Muraoka R, Satake N, Matsunaga T, Tsujino T, Yoshikawa Y, Takai T, Minami K, Taniguchi K, Tanaka T, Uehara H, Hirano H, Nomi H, Ibuki N, Takahara K, Inamoto T, Ohno Y, Azuma H. Distinct effect of body mass index by sex as a prognostic factor in localized renal cell carcinoma treated with nephrectomy ~ data from a multi-institutional study in Japan ~. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:201. [PMID: 33639880 PMCID: PMC7913463 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We assessed the prognostic value of body mass index (BMI) in Asian patients with localized RCC who underwent nephrectomy. Methods A total of 665 patients who underwent nephrectomy for localized RCC were enrolled in the present study and divided into the two BMI groups: i.e., BMI < 25 in 463 (69.6%) and BMI > 25 in 202 (30.4%) patients. Results In total, there were 482 (72.5%) males and 183 (27.5%) females. Five-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were significantly higher in increased BMI than the lower BMI group (97.1 and 92.5%: P = 0.007). When stratified by sex, significantly longer CSS in higher BMI was confirmed in males (5-year CSS of 92.7% in BMI < 25 and 98.1% in BMI > 25, p = 0.005), while there was no difference in CSS between BMI groups for female patients. Multivariable analysis exhibited that higher BMI was an independent predictor for favorable CSS in male (cox model: p = 0.041, Fine & Gray regression model: p = 0.014), but not in the female. Subgroup analysis for CSS revealed that favorable CSS with higher BMI was observed in patient subgroups of age < 65 (p = 0.019), clear cell histology (p = 0.018), and tumor size > 4 cm, p = 0.020) as well as male (p = 0.020). Conclusion Our findings collected from the multi-institutional Japanese dataset demonstrated longer survival in patients with higher BMI than lower BMI for non-metastatic RCC treated with nephrectomy. Intriguingly, this finding was restricted to males, but not to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsutsumi
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. .,Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Ryu Muraoka
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Naoya Satake
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Matsunaga
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsujino
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Takai
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Koichiro Minami
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Tomohito Tanaka
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Uehara
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hajime Hirano
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hayahito Nomi
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Naokazu Ibuki
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takahara
- Department of Urology, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Teruo Inamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohno
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
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18
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Badawi A, Liu CJ. Obesity and Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Survey. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 14:1178633721994607. [PMID: 33716508 PMCID: PMC7926054 DOI: 10.1177/1178633721994607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diminution in body weight is a known risk factor that increases the burden of active tuberculosis (TB). However, conflicting evidence exists for the effect of body weight on the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of LTBI at different body weights, evaluate the extent of association between body mass index (BMI) and LTBI and identify factors mediating this relationship in an adult population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the relationship between BMI and LTBI in participants from the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2012, n = 5156; 514 with LTBI and 4642 controls). RESULTS The association between BMI and levels of cardiometabolic risk markers in both LTBI and control groups had a similar profile. When adjusted for age and sex, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with the prevalence of LTBI (r = -0.147, P < .001). Effect of BMI on the risk of LTBI was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and level of education. In this model, increasing BMI was significantly associated with lower risk of LTBI (OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.77-0.96, P < .01). CONCLUSION This study further establishes an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of LTBI. Decreased BMI can be considered as a risk factor in LTBI, the reservoir for active TB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina J Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Bini S, D’Erasmo L, Di Costanzo A, Minicocci I, Pecce V, Arca M. The Interplay between Angiopoietin-Like Proteins and Adipose Tissue: Another Piece of the Relationship between Adiposopathy and Cardiometabolic Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020742. [PMID: 33451033 PMCID: PMC7828552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like proteins, namely ANGPTL3-4-8, are known as regulators of lipid metabolism. However, recent evidence points towards their involvement in the regulation of adipose tissue function. Alteration of adipose tissue functions (also called adiposopathy) is considered the main inducer of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its related complications. In this review, we intended to analyze available evidence derived from experimental and human investigations highlighting the contribution of ANGPTLs in the regulation of adipocyte metabolism, as well as their potential role in common cardiometabolic alterations associated with adiposopathy. We finally propose a model of ANGPTLs-based adipose tissue dysfunction, possibly linking abnormalities in the angiopoietins to the induction of adiposopathy and its related disorders.
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20
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Luo C, Ke X, Xiong S, Sun Y, Xu Q, Zhang W, Lei Y, Ding Y, Zhen Y, Feng J, Cheng F, Chen J. Naringin attenuates high glucose-induced injuries and inflammation by modulating the leptin-JAK2/STAT3 pathway in H9c2 cardiac cells. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:1145-1157. [PMID: 34522243 PMCID: PMC8425238 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our previous study showed that naringin (NRG) protects cardiomyocytes against high glucose (HG)-induced injuries by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Leptin induces hypertrophy in rat cardiomyocytes via p38/MAPK activation. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that leptin-Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), which are responsible for leptin's functions, are involved in HG-induced injuries and cardioprotective effects of NRG in cardiomyocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS H9c2 cells were exposed to HG for 24 h to establish a cardiomyocyte injury model. Cells were pretreated with NRG and other drugs before exposure to HG. Protein expression was measured by western blot analysis. Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptotic cells were assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were determined by dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using JC-1. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS NRG significantly attenuated HG-induced increases in leptin and Ob-R expression. Pretreatment with either a leptin antagonist (LA) or NRG markedly ameliorated HG-induced elevation of phosphorylated (p)-JAK2 and p-STAT3, respectively. Pretreatment with NRG, LA, Ob-R antagonist, or AG490 clearly alleviated HG-induced injuries and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new evidence of the NRG protective effects of H9c2 cells against HG-induced injuries possibly via modulation of the leptin-JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Si Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Healthcare Office, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Huangpu Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Huangpu Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Medical Imaging, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqian Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulan Zhen
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqiang Feng
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Dongguan Cardiovascular Institute, the Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingfu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Dongguan Cardiovascular Institute, the Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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21
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Systematic analysis for the relationship between obesity and tuberculosis. Public Health 2020; 186:246-256. [PMID: 32866737 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Underweight or low body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for active tuberculosis. Recent evidence, however, suggests that overweight is associated with lower incidence of tuberculosis. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to understand the relationship between obesity and tuberculosis and document the extent of association between the two conditions over the range of BMI from underweight to obesity. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies reporting prevalence of the different BMIs in patients with tuberculosis and controls. Thirty studies of adult humans reporting the incidence of tuberculosis at different weight categories were selected for inclusion for meta-analysis in the present study. RESULTS In tuberculosis, the prevalence of underweight was 3-fold higher than that in controls (P = 0.001) whereas the proportion of overweight and obesity was 2-fold lower (P = 0.001). One unit increase in BMI was associated with 2% reduction in tuberculosis incidence (P < 0.001). Adjusted odds ratio of tuberculosis was 4.96 (95% confidence interval: 4.87-5.05) in underweight and 0.26 in obesity. CONCLUSION This study further establishes low body weight as a risk factor for tuberculosis whilst overweight and obesity are associated with lower disease risk. Body weight can be considered as a prognostic indictor in the clinical course of tuberculosis.
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Hornsby WG, Haff GG, Suarez DG, Ramsey MW, Triplett NT, Hardee JP, Stone ME, Stone MH. Alterations in Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, Testosterone, and Cortisol across Eleven Weeks of Training among Division One Collegiate Throwers: A Preliminary Study. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2020; 5:jfmk5020044. [PMID: 33467260 PMCID: PMC7739239 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk5020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cytokine and hormone concentrations can be linked to the manipulation of training variables and to subsequent alterations in performance. SUBJECTS Nine D-1 collegiate throwers and 4 control subjects participated in this preliminary and exploratory report. METHODS Hormone (testosterone (T) and cortisol (C)) and adipokine (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) measurements were taken at weeks 1, 7, and 11 for the throwers and weeks 1 and 11 for the control group. The throwers participated in an 11-week periodized resistance training and throws program during the fall preparatory period. Volume load was recorded throughout the study. RESULTS Hormone values did not exhibit statistically significant changes across time; however, there were notable changes for C, the testosterone to cortisol ratio (T:C), and adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS T:C was increased as volume load decreased, and adiponectin increased in concert with decreases in C and increases in the T:C, possibly suggesting a lesser degree of obesity-related inflammation and a higher degree of "fitness" and preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Guy Hornsby
- College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-304-293-0851
| | - G. Gregory Haff
- School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia;
| | - Dylan G. Suarez
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (D.G.S.); (M.W.R.); (M.E.S.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Michael W. Ramsey
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (D.G.S.); (M.W.R.); (M.E.S.); (M.H.S.)
| | - N. Travis Triplett
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University Boone, NC 28607, USA;
| | - Justin P. Hardee
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;
| | - Margaret E. Stone
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (D.G.S.); (M.W.R.); (M.E.S.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Michael H. Stone
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (D.G.S.); (M.W.R.); (M.E.S.); (M.H.S.)
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Shadnoush M, Zahedi H, Norouzy A, Sahebkar A, Sadeghi O, Najafi A, Hosseini S, Qorbani M, Ahmadi A, Ardehali SH, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ. Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on serum adipokines in critically ill patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2020; 34:3180-3188. [PMID: 32542818 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown a beneficial effect of curcuminoids supplementation on serum concentrations of adipokines; however, there are no published studies that have examined this effect among critically ill patients. We aimed to assess the effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this trial, 62 critically ill patients with TBI, aged 18-65 years, were randomly allocated to receive either 500 mg/day curcuminoids (co-administered with 5 mg/day piperine) or matched placebo for 7 days. Patients in both intervention groups received routine treatments for TBI as well as enteral nutrition. Serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were measured at baseline and at the end of trial. We found a significant reduction in serum levels of leptin in both curcuminoids (47.1%) and placebo (22.8%) groups; though the magnitude of reduction was greater in the former (p < .05). Supplementation with curcumioinds was not found to alter serum concentrations of adiponectin (p > .05). Supplementation with curcumioinds significantly reduced serum levels of leptin but had no significant effect on adiponectin levels in critically ill patients with TBI. Further clinical trials, particularly those with a long-term period, are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shadnoush
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Zahedi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atabak Najafi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arezoo Ahmadi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Ardehali
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wójcik M, Herman AP, Zieba DA, Krawczyńska A. The Impact of Photoperiod on the Leptin Sensitivity and Course of Inflammation in the Anterior Pituitary. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114153. [PMID: 32532062 PMCID: PMC7312887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin has a modulatory impact on the course of inflammation, affecting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors. Pathophysiological leptin resistance identified in humans occurs typically in sheep during the long-day photoperiod. This study aimed to determine the effect of the photoperiod with relation to the leptin-modulating action on the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors in the anterior pituitary under physiological or acute inflammation. Two in vivo experiments were conducted on 24 blackface sheep per experiment in different photoperiods. The real-time PCR analysis for the expression of the genes IL1B, IL1R1, IL1R2, IL6, IL6R, IL6ST, TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2 was performed. Expression of all examined genes, except IL1β and IL1R2, was higher during short days. The leptin injection increased the expression of all examined genes during short days. In short days the synergistic effect of lipopolysaccharide and leptin increased the expression of IL1B, IL1R1, IL1R2, IL6, TNF, and TNFR2, and decreased expression of IL6ST. This mechanism was inhibited during long days for the expression of IL1R1, IL6, IL6ST, and TNFR1. The obtained results suggest the occurrence of leptin resistance during long days and suggest that leptin modulates the course of inflammation in a photoperiod-dependent manner in the anterior pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Wójcik
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; (A.P.H.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrzej Przemysław Herman
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; (A.P.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Dorota Anna Zieba
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Krakow, 30-248 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agata Krawczyńska
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland; (A.P.H.); (A.K.)
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Afifi AEMA, Shaat RM, Gharbia OM, Elhanafy M, Hasan ASG. Role of serum leptin levels and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3465-3472. [PMID: 32377995 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum leptin and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of SLE. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between serum leptin levels and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to SLE in Egyptian population and to study their relationships with clinical, laboratory, radiographic findings, and disease activity of SLE (SLEDAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 unrelated female patients, who met the SLICC classification criteria for SLE and fifty healthy blood donors, matched for age, sex, and BMI with SLE patients, serving as a control group, were included in this study. All participants had completed preliminary questionnaires and clinical, laboratory, and radiographic examinations. Serum leptin levels were measured by ELISA assays. LEPR genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We compared serum leptin levels and LEPR gene polymorphisms in SLE patients and controls, and we tested their relationships with clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings and SLEDAI in SLE patients. RESULTS The present study showed significant differences of serum leptin levels between SLE patients and controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, higher frequencies of variant genotype (AA) and (A) allele were found in SLE patients compared to controls (p = 0.008 and 0.001, respectively). No associations were observed between the serum leptin, various LEPR genotypes, and gene alleles and the development of clinical, laboratory, and radiological manifestations. Furthermore, no associations were observed between the various LEPR genotypes or gene alleles and leptin levels (p = 0.633 and 0.337 respectively) in SLE patients. Additionally, no correlations were observed between leptin levels, various genotypes, and alleles with SLEDAI (p = 0.244, 0.741, and 0.838 respectively) in SLE patients. CONCLUSION Serum leptin and LEPR gene polymorphism increase risk of SLE in Egyptian population; however, they are not associated with the development of clinical, lab, and radiological findings. Disease activity is neither correlated with serum leptin level nor associated with LEPR gene polymorphism. Serum levels of leptin are not associated with LEPR gene polymorphism. Key Points • Serum leptin and LEPR gene polymorphism increase risk of SLE in Egyptian patients. • Serum leptin is not associated with SLE disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Moaty Ali Afifi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham M Shaat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ola Mohamed Gharbia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M Elhanafy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Al Shimaa Goda Hasan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St., Mansoura, Egypt
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26
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Arroyo Hornero R, Hamad I, Côrte-Real B, Kleinewietfeld M. The Impact of Dietary Components on Regulatory T Cells and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:253. [PMID: 32153577 PMCID: PMC7047770 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in developed societies has been associated with a change in lifestyle patterns. Among other factors, increased consumption of certain dietary components, such as table salt and fatty acids and excessive caloric intake has been associated with defective immunological tolerance. Dietary nutrients have shown to modulate the immune response by a direct effect on the function of immune cells or, indirectly, by acting on the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract. FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses and are critical for maintaining peripheral tolerance and immune homeostasis, modulating chronic tissue inflammation and autoimmune disease. It is now well-recognized that Tregs show certain degree of plasticity and can gain effector functions to adapt their regulatory function to different physiological situations during an immune response. However, plasticity of Tregs might also result in conversion into effector T cells that may contribute to autoimmune pathogenesis. Yet, which environmental cues regulate Treg plasticity and function is currently poorly understood, but it is of significant importance for therapeutic purposes. Here we review the current understanding on the effect of certain dietary nutrients that characterize Western diets in Treg metabolism, stability, and function. Moreover, we will discuss the role of Tregs linking diet and autoimmunity and the potential of dietary-based interventions to modulate Treg function in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arroyo Hornero
- VIB Laboratory of Translational Immunomodulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ibrahim Hamad
- VIB Laboratory of Translational Immunomodulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Beatriz Côrte-Real
- VIB Laboratory of Translational Immunomodulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Markus Kleinewietfeld
- VIB Laboratory of Translational Immunomodulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
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Sarvestani FS, Zare MA, Saki F, Koohpeyma F, Al-Abdullah IH, Azarpira N. The effect of human wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells on MC4R, NPY, and LEPR gene expression levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:214-223. [PMID: 32405365 PMCID: PMC7211357 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.39582.9387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from inflammatory destruction of islets β-cells. Nowadays, progress in cell therapy, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proposes numerous potential remedies for T1D. We aimed to investigate the combination therapeutic effect of these cells with insulin and metformin on neuropeptide Y, melanocortin-4 receptor, and leptin receptor genes expression in TID. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundreds male rats were randomly divided into seven groups: the control, diabetes, insulin (Ins.), insulin+metformin (Ins.Met.), Wharton's Jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs), insulin+metformin+WJ-MSCs (Ins.Met.MSCs), and insulin+WJ-MSCs (Ins.MSCs). Treatment was performed from the first day after diagnosis as diabetes. Groups of the recipient WJ-MSCs were intraportally injected with 2× 10⁶ MSCs/kg at the 7th and 28th days of study. Fasting blood sugar was monitored and tissues and genes analysis were performed. RESULTS The blood glucose levels were slightly decreased in all treatment groups within 20th and 45th days compared to the diabetic group. The C-peptide level enhanced in these groups compared to the diabetic group, but this increment in Ins.MSCs group on the 45th days was higher than other groups. The expression level of melanocortin-4 receptor and leptin receptor genes meaningfully up-regulated in the treatment groups, while the expression of neuropeptide Y significantly down-regulated in the treatment group on both times of study. CONCLUSION Our data exhibit that infusion of MSCs and its combination therapy with insulin might ameliorate diabetes signs by changing the amount of leptin and subsequent changes in the expression of neuropeptide Y and melanocortin-4 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Ali Zare
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Forough Saki
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Koohpeyma
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ismail H Al-Abdullah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Bourgeois C, Gorwood J, Barrail-Tran A, Lagathu C, Capeau J, Desjardins D, Le Grand R, Damouche A, Béréziat V, Lambotte O. Specific Biological Features of Adipose Tissue, and Their Impact on HIV Persistence. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2837. [PMID: 31921023 PMCID: PMC6927940 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although white AT can contribute to anti-infectious immune responses, it can also be targeted and perturbed by pathogens. The AT's immune involvement is primarily due to strong pro-inflammatory responses (with both local and paracrine effects), and the large number of fat-resident macrophages. Adipocytes also exert direct antimicrobial responses. In recent years, it has been found that memory T cells accumulate in AT, where they provide efficient secondary responses against viral pathogens. These observations have prompted researchers to re-evaluate the links between obesity and susceptibility to infections. In contrast, AT serves as a reservoir for several persistence pathogens, such as human adenovirus Ad-36, Trypanosoma gondii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza A virus, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). The presence and persistence of bacterial DNA in AT has led to the concept of a tissue-specific microbiota. The unexpected coexistence of immune cells and pathogens within the specific AT environment is intriguing, and its impact on anti-infectious immune responses requires further evaluation. AT has been recently identified as a site of HIV persistence. In the context of HIV infection, AT is targeted by both the virus and the antiretroviral drugs. AT's intrinsic metabolic features, large overall mass, and wide distribution make it a major tissue reservoir, and one that may contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic HIV infections. Here, we review the immune, metabolic, viral, and pharmacological aspects that contribute to HIV persistence in AT. We also evaluate the respective impacts of both intrinsic and HIV-induced factors on AT's involvement as a viral reservoir. Lastly, we examine the potential consequences of HIV persistence on the metabolic and immune activities of AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bourgeois
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jennifer Gorwood
- INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Barrail-Tran
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- AP-HP, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Claire Lagathu
- INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Desjardins
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Abderaouf Damouche
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, CEA, Université Paris Sud, INSERM U1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- AP-HP, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Wensveen FM, Šestan M, Turk Wensveen T, Polić B. 'Beauty and the beast' in infection: How immune-endocrine interactions regulate systemic metabolism in the context of infection. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:982-995. [PMID: 31106860 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune and endocrine systems ensure two vital functions in the body. The immune system protects us from lethal pathogens, whereas the endocrine system ensures proper metabolic function of peripheral organs by regulating systemic homeostasis. These two systems were long thought to operate independently. The immune system uses cytokines and immune receptors, whereas the endocrine system uses hormones to regulate metabolism. However, recent findings show that the immune and endocrine systems closely interact, especially regarding regulation of glucose metabolism. In response to pathogen encounter, cytokines modify responsiveness of peripheral organs to endocrine signals, resulting in altered levels of blood hormones such as insulin, which promotes the ability of the body to fight infection. Here we provide an overview of recent literature describing various mechanisms, which the immune system utilizes to modify endocrine regulation of systemic metabolism. Moreover, we will describe how these immune-endocrine interactions derail in the context of obesity. From a clinical perspective we will elaborate how infection and obesity aggravate the development of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 in humans. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive overview of immune-induced changes in systemic metabolism following infection, with a focus on regulation of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix M Wensveen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Rijeka School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Šestan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Rijeka School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tamara Turk Wensveen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical hospital center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Bojan Polić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Rijeka School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
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30
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Wang C, Chen Z, Dong J, Wen B, Fang Y. Prognostic significance of body mass index in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma. Int Braz J Urol 2018; 44:1147-1155. [PMID: 30516928 PMCID: PMC6442171 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the pretreatment body mass index (BMI) and the clinical outcomes in patients with localized stage I - III renal cell carcinoma (RCC) surgically treated. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2000 to December 2012, 798 patients with stage I - III RCC were recruited from First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center of Sun Yat - Sen University. Patients were divided into two groups of BMI < 25 kg / m2 or BMI ≥ 25 kg / m2 according to the World Health Organization classifications for Asian populations. The differences in the long-term survival of these two BMI groups were analyzed. RESULTS The 5 - year failure - free survival rates for BMI < 25 kg / m2 and BMI ≥ 25 kg / m2 groups were 81.3% and 93.3%, respectively (P = 0.002), and the 5 - year overall survival rates were 82.5% and 93.8%, respectively (P = 0.003). BMI was a favored prognostic factor of overall survival and failure - free survival in a Cox regression model. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment body mass index was an independent prognostic factor for Chinese patients surgically treated, localized stage I - III RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat - Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zebin Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat - Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat - Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bixiu Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat - Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat - Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Borrelli A, Bonelli P, Tuccillo FM, Goldfine ID, Evans JL, Buonaguro FM, Mancini A. Role of gut microbiota and oxidative stress in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocarcinoma: Current and innovative therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2018; 15:467-479. [PMID: 29413959 PMCID: PMC5975181 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common chronic liver disease in industrialized countries. NAFLD progresses through the inflammatory phase of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to fibrosis and cirrhosis, with some cases developing liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver biopsy remains the gold standard approach to a definitive diagnosis of NAFLD and the distinction between simple steatosis and NASH. The pathogenesis of NASH is still not clear. Several theories have been proposed ranging from the "Two Hit Theory" to the "Multiple Hit Theory". However, the general consensus is that the gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage play key roles in the pathogenesis of NASH. The interaction between the gut epithelia and some commensal bacteria induces the rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The main goal of any therapy addressing NASH is to reverse or prevent progression to liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. This problem represents the first "Achilles' heel" of the new molecules being evaluated in most ongoing clinical trials. The second is the inability of these molecules to reach the mitochondria, the primary sites of energy production and ROS generation. Recently, a variety of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment approaches for NASH have been evaluated including vitamin E, the thiazolidinediones, and novel molecules related to NASH pathogenesis (including obeticholic acid and elafibranor). Recently, a new isoform of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was isolated and obtained in a synthetic recombinant form designated rMnSOD. This protein has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant capable of mediating ROS dismutation, penetrating biological barriers via its uncleaved leader peptide, and reducing portal hypertension and fibrosis in rats affected by liver cirrhosis. Based on these distinctive characteristics, it can be hypothesized that this novel recombinant protein (rMnSOD) potentially represents a new and highly efficient adjuvant therapy to counteract the progression from NASH to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borrelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Bonelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Franca Maria Tuccillo
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aldo Mancini
- Leadhexa Biotechnologies Inc., Belvedere, CA, USA
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La Cava A. Leptin in inflammation and autoimmunity. Cytokine 2018; 98:51-58. [PMID: 27916613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
After its discovery as a key controller of metabolic function, leptin has been later extensively implicated in additional functions including important modulatory activities on the innate and adaptive immune response. This review analyzes the known implications of leptin in multiple inflammatory conditions, including autoimmune diseases, and how this knowledge could be instrumental in the design of leptin-based manipulation strategies to help restoration of abnormal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio La Cava
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 1000 Veteran Ave. 32-59, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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Changes of Plasma FABP4, CRP, Leptin, and Chemerin Levels in relation to Different Dietary Patterns and Duodenal-Jejunal Omega Switch Surgery in Sprague-Dawley Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2151429. [PMID: 29849871 PMCID: PMC5937382 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2151429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Pathophysiological links between inflammation, obesity, and adipokines can be used for the treatment of metabolic dysregulation. Aims To examine the influence of duodenal-jejunal omega switch surgery in combination with different diet patterns on plasma concentrations of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, and chemerin. Methods After 8 weeks on a high-fat diet (HF) or control diet (CD), rats underwent surgery. Duodenal-jejunal omega switch (DJOS) with an exclusion of one-third of intestinal length and SHAM surgery were performed. For the next 8 weeks, 50% of DJOS/SHAM animals were kept on the same diet as before (HF/DJOS/HF, HF/SHAM/HF, CD/DJOS/CD, and CD/SHAM/CD), and 50% had a changed diet (HF/DJOS/CD, HF/SHAM/CD, CD/DJOS/HF, and CD/SHAM/HF). FABP4, CRP, leptin, and chemerin were assessed using ELISA kits. Results FABP4: significant differences between DJOS and SHAM were observed in animals maintained on CD/CD; CRP: varied between DJOS and SHAM groups maintained on HF/HF, CD/CD, and CD/HF; leptin and chemerin levels: DJOS lowered leptin and chemerin plasma levels versus SHAM, while HF/HF, CD/HF, and HF/CD significantly increased leptin and chemerin plasma levels when compared to CD/CD. Conclusions The beneficial effect of DJOS surgery is stronger than proinflammatory conditions caused by an HF obesogenic diet.
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Zavala GA, García OP, Camacho M, Ronquillo D, Campos‐Ponce M, Doak C, Polman K, Rosado JL. Intestinal parasites: Associations with intestinal and systemic inflammation. Parasite Immunol 2018; 40:e12518. [PMID: 29364525 PMCID: PMC5901043 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between intestinal parasitic infection with intestinal and systemic inflammatory markers in school-aged children with high rates of obesity. Plasma concentrations of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured as systemic inflammation markers and count of stool leukocytes as marker of intestinal inflammation in 291 children (6-10 years). Intestinal parasitic infection was measured by stool examination. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds of having high inflammatory markers for each parasite or group of parasites as compared to parasite-free children while adjusting for sex, age, mother's educational level and percentage of body fat. The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa infections was 12% and 36%, respectively. Parasitic infection was not associated with CRP, IL-6, IL-10 or TNF-α. Children infected with Ascaris lumbricoides (aOR: 5.91, 95% CI: 1.97-17.70) and Entamoeba coli (aOR: 8.46, 95% CI: 2.85-25.14) were more likely to have higher stool leucocytes than parasite-free children. Children with multiple infections (aOR: 10.60, 95% CI: 2.85-25.14) were more likely to have higher leptin concentrations than parasite-free children. Intestinal parasitic infection was not associated with systemic inflammation, but was associated with intestinal inflammation. Having multiple infections were associated with higher leptin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Zavala
- Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
- Faculty of Earth & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - O. P. García
- Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
| | - M. Camacho
- Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
| | - D. Ronquillo
- Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
| | - M. Campos‐Ponce
- Faculty of Earth & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - C. Doak
- Faculty of Earth & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - K. Polman
- Faculty of Earth & Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical Medicine AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - J. L. Rosado
- Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaroMexico
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Osman HG, El-Refaey AAA, Aziz AAFA, El-Sokkary AM, El-Saeed RA. Leptin and Antioxidant Profile in Infertile Women with Endometriosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/228402651000200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of leptin hormone and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of endometriosis among infertile women. Methods Blood samples and peritoneal fluid were collected from women undergoing laparoscopy. The study group included 24 infertile women with endometriosis, while 14 women with unexplained infertility represented the control group. Leptin hormone levels and three markers of antioxidants, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) enzyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme were estimated. Results Peritoneal fluid leptin concentrations were significantly higher in infertile endometriotic women compared with the control group. The levels of TAC, CAT and SOD were significantly lower in both serum and peritoneal fluid of infertile endometriotic women compared with controls. There was no significant difference in serum leptin concentrations between the studied groups. Conclusions Peritoneal leptin and oxidative stress may be an active factor in the pathogenesis and/or progression of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein G. Osman
- Biochemistry Division, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt
| | - Abdel Aziz A. El-Refaey
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt
| | - Abdel Aziz F. Abdel Aziz
- Biochemistry Division, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt
| | - Ahmed M.A. El-Sokkary
- Biochemistry Division, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt
| | - Rasha A. El-Saeed
- Biochemistry Division, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt
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Florio P, Pinzauti S, Altomare A, Luisi S, Litta P, Petraglia F. Expression and Role of Peptides, Proteins and Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/228402650900100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence is demonstrating that several peptides (corticotrophin-releasing factor, urocortins, ghrelin), proteins (leptin, adiponectin) and growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor; epidermal growth factor family of growth factors and receptors, fibroblast growth factor, insulin like growth factor and insulin like growth factor-binding proteins, transforming growth factor-β and, activin A and related proteins) are expressed in endometriotic implants, and locally play a relevant role in affecting the biological mechanisms leading to endometriosis. They establish a complex network of interactions by which they are therefore able to stimulate angiogenesis, inflammatory cell recruitment and reaction, the growth of endometriotic tissue and its survival through the modulation of the narrow immune system. This review will evaluate the role played by several regulatory peptides, proteins and growth factors in affecting endometrial physiology and the putative mechanisms advocated to explain endometriosis (angiogenesis, cellular and humoral immunity, inflammatory response, endometrial cell proliferation, activation, motility, adhesion and invasion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Florio
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena - Italy
| | - Serena Pinzauti
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena - Italy
| | - Aldo Altomare
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena - Italy
| | - Stefano Luisi
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena - Italy
| | - Pietro Litta
- Department of Gynecological Sciences and Human Reproduction, University of Padua, Padua - Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Siena, Siena - Italy
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Oh YK, Ha YR, Yi KW, Park HT, Shin JH, Kim T, Hur JY. Increased expression of resistin in ectopic endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [PMID: 28681517 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Inflammation is a key process in the establishment and progression of endometriosis. Resistin, an adipocytokine, has biological properties linked to immunologic functions, but its role in endometriosis is unclear. METHOD OF STUDY Resistin gene expression was examined in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues from women with (n=25) or without (n=25) endometriosis. Resistin mRNA and protein levels were determined in endometrial tissue using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting, following adipokine profiling arrays. RESULTS Resistin protein was detected in human endometrial tissues using an adipokine array test. Resistin mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in ectopic endometrial tissue of patients with endometriosis than in normal eutopic endometrial tissue. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that resistin is differentially expressed in endometrial tissues from women with endometriosis and imply a role for resistin in endometriosis-associated pelvic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ran Ha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Wook Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tak Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tsushima H, Morimoto S, Fujishiro M, Yoshida Y, Hayakawa K, Hirai T, Miyashita T, Ikeda K, Yamaji K, Takamori K, Takasaki Y, Sekigawa I, Tamura N. Kinase inhibitors of the IGF-1R as a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmunity 2017; 50:329-335. [PMID: 28682648 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2017.1344970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the inhibition of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a potential therapeutic strategy against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CTGF consists of four distinct modules, including the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP). In serum, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) bind IGFBPs, interact with the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1 R), and regulate anabolic effects and bone metabolism. We investigated the correlation between IGF-1 and the pathogenesis of RA, and the inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis of the small molecular weight kinase inhibitor of the IGF-1 R, NVP-AEW541, against pathogenesis of RA in vitro. Cell proliferation was evaluated by cell count and immunoblotting. The expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1 R was evaluated by RT-PCR. Osteoclastogenesis was evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, a bone resorption assay, and osteoclast-specific enzyme production. Angiogenesis was evaluated by a tube formation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The proliferation of MH7A cells was found to be inhibited in the presence of NVP-AEW541, and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt was downregulated in MH7A cells. IGF-1 and IGF-1 R mRNA expression levels were upregulated during formation of M-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast formation. Moreover, osteoclastogenesis was suppressed in the presence of NVP-AEW541. The formation of the tubular network was enhanced by IGF-1, and this effect was neutralized by NVP-ARE541. Our findings suggest that NVP-AEW541 may be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsushima
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Shinji Morimoto
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,c Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology , Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Maki Fujishiro
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshida
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Kunihiro Hayakawa
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Takuya Hirai
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tomoko Miyashita
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Keigo Ikeda
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,c Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology , Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Ken Yamaji
- b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Yoshinari Takasaki
- b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Iwao Sekigawa
- a Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine , Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan.,c Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology , Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital , Urayasu , Chiba , Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- b Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
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Ionescu EV, Tica I, Oprea C, Iliescu DM, Petcu LC, Iliescu MG. ADIPONECTIN CORRELATION WITH BIOCLINICAL BENEFITS OF USING NATURAL THERAPEUTIC FACTORS IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2017; 13:308-313. [PMID: 31149192 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2017.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Context and objective The new insights in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) reveal the implications of adipocytokines. This study aims to analyze the correlations between the serum value of adiponectin and the clinical rehabilitation effects in patients diagnosed with knee OA, admitted and treated in the complex balneal resort of Techirghiol lake. Subjects and methods The prospective randomized clinical study included 23 patients in the study group, diagnosed with knee OA according to ACR criteria, and a matching control group of 23 subjects. Serum level of adiponectin (using ELISA technique), uric acid, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and clinical response using a visual analog scale (VAS) were evaluated in all patients on their admission day and after 10 days of balneal treatment. Control group benefited from the same procedures except for cold mud therapy and mineral water baths. Results Plasma adiponectin levels (23.73±6.44 ng/dL) were statistically higher (p<0.05) in the study group compared to the control group (18.15±6.49 ng/dL). The mean VAS in both groups was decreased (p<0.005) compared to the initial moment. Conclusions Cold peloidotherapy combined with physical therapy and balneal factors induces serum adiponectin elevation and improves knee pain in OA. Therapeutic properties of Techirghiol mud still need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Ionescu
- Balneal and Rehabilitation Sanatorium of Techirghiol, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, Romania
| | - I Tica
- Faculty of Medicine - Medical Department, Constanta, Romania
| | - C Oprea
- Balneal and Rehabilitation Sanatorium of Techirghiol, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, Romania
| | - D M Iliescu
- Faculty of Medicine - Medical Department, Constanta, Romania
| | - L C Petcu
- Faculty of Dentar Medicine - Departament of Biophysics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Constanta, Romania
| | - M G Iliescu
- Departament of Rehabilitation Balneophysiokinetotherapy, Constanta, Romania
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Xiang L, Li J, Wang Q, Tang R, Qi J. Leptin Gene Transfer Improves Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetic Mice by Regulating Leptin Signaling Pathway and Insulin Resistance of Peripheral Tissues. Hum Gene Ther 2017. [PMID: 28622065 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The leptin gene was transferred into the liver of streptozocin- and high fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice by hydrodynamic-based gene delivery. The food intake, water consumption, glucose concentration, and triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of T2D mice were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, plasma leptin was remarkably increased after gene transfer for 2, 3, 5, and 7 days, while plasma adiponectin was also significantly increased at day 2. To understand the mechanism of action of leptin on T2D mice, gene expressions related to glycometabolism and energy metabolism in the liver, epididymal adipose tissue, hypothalamus, and muscle were measured. The mRNA expression levels of adiponectin receptor 1 (ADR1), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), glucose-6-phosphase, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in the liver, leptin, adiponectin, and hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue, leptin, leptin-receptor, ADR1 in the hypothalamus, and ADR1, GLUT4, and insulin 1 in the gastrocnemius significantly increased. Moreover, the hepatic glycogen of the leptin-gene-treated group was significantly increased in comparison to the control group. Meanwhile, the significant decrease of forkhead box O1, adiponectin receptor 2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in the liver, and agouti-related protein and proopiomelanocortin genes in the hypothalamus were also observed. In fat tissue and hypothalamus, leptin and adiponectin protein levels were also significantly increased, whereas the neuropeptide Y protein level was significantly decreased. These results indicated that the leptin gene transfer could improve the symptoms of T2D mice by regulating the leptin-hypothalamus signaling pathway and improving the insulin resistance of the peripheral tissues of T2D mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
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Fabersani E, Abeijon-Mukdsi MC, Ross R, Medina R, González S, Gauffin-Cano P. Specific Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Differentially Modulate the Profile of Adipokines In Vitro. Front Immunol 2017; 8:266. [PMID: 28348560 PMCID: PMC5346559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity induces local/systemic inflammation accompanied by increases in macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and hormones. Previous studies have shown that probiotics could improve the intestinal dysbiosis induced by metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Microorganisms could (directly or indirectly) affect adipokine levels due to their capacity to induce translocation of several intestinal microbial antigens into systemic circulation, which could lead to metabolic endotoxemia or produce immunomodulation in different organs. The aim of the present study was to select non-inflammatory lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains with the capacity to modulate adipokine secretion by the adipose tissue. We wish to elucidate the role of potential probiotic strains in the regulation of the cross talking between immune cells such as macrophages and adipose cells. Mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was used for evaluating the ability of 14 LAB strains to induce cytokine production. The LAB strains were chosen based on their previously studied beneficial properties in health. Then, in murine adipocyte culture and macrophage–adipocyte coculture, we determined the ability of these strains to induce cytokines and leptin secretion. Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and leptin levels were measured in cell supernatants. We also performed the detection and quantification of leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) expression in macrophage cell lines stimulated by these LAB strains. Differential secretion profile of cytokines in macrophage cells induced by LAB strains was observed. Also, the levels of Ob-Rb expression diverged among different LAB strains. In LAB-stimulated coculture cells (adipocytes and macrophages), we observed differential production of leptin and cytokines. Furthermore, we detected lower production levels in single culture than cocultured cells. The principal component analysis showed an association between the four clusters of strains established according to their inflammatory profiles and leptin adipocyte production and leptin receptor expression in macrophages. We conclude that coculture is the most appropriate system for selecting strains with the ability to modulate adipokine secretion. The use of microorganisms with low and medium inflammatory properties and ability to modulate leptin levels could be a strategy for the treatment of some metabolic diseases associated with dysregulation of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fabersani
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET , Tucumán , Argentina
| | - María Claudia Abeijon-Mukdsi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Romina Ross
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Roxana Medina
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Paola Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina
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Lei Y, Xu Q, Zeng B, Zhang W, Zhen Y, Zhai Y, Cheng F, Mei W, Zheng D, Feng J, Lan J, Chen J. Angiotensin-(1-7) protects cardiomyocytes against high glucose-induced injuries through inhibiting reactive oxygen species-activated leptin-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 pathways, but not the leptin-c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in vitro. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:434-445. [PMID: 27896943 PMCID: PMC5497033 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Angiotensin‐(1–7) (Ang‐[1–7]), recognized as a new bioactive peptide in the renin–angiotensin system, shows biological and pharmacological properties in diabetic cardiovascular diseases. The leptin‐induced p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway has been reported to contribute to high glucose (HG)‐induced injury. In the present study, we showed the mechanism of how Ang‐(1–7) can protect against HG‐stimulated injuries in H9c2 cells. Materials and Methods H9c2 cells were treated with 35 mmol/L glucose (HG) for 24 h to establish a model of HG‐induced damage. Apoptotic cells were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Cell viability was analyzed by cell counter kit‐8. The expression of protein was detected by western blot. Reactive oxygen species was tested by 2′,7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by 5,5′,6,6′‐Tetrachloro‐1,1′,3,3′‐tetraethyl‐imidacarbocyanine iodide staining. Results The present results showed that treating H9c2 cells with HG obviously enhanced the expressions of both the leptin and phosphorylated (p)‐MAPK pathway. However, the overexpression levels of leptin and p‐p38 MAPK/p‐extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), but not p‐c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, were significantly suppressed by treatment of the cells with Ang‐(1–7). Additionally, leptin antagonist also markedly suppressed the overexpressions of p38 and ERK1/2 induced by HG, whereas leptin antagonist had no influence on the overexpression of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase. More remarkable, Ang‐(1–7), leptin antagonist, SB203580 or SP600125, respectively, significantly inhibited the injuries induced by HG, such as the increased cell viability, decreased apoptotic rate, reduction of ROS production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, the overexpressions of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and leptin were suppressed by N‐actyl‐L‐cystine. Conclusions The present findings show that Ang‐(1–7) protects from HG‐stimulated damage as an inhibitor of the reactive oxygen species–leptin–p38 MAPK/ERK1/2 pathways, but not the leptin–c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Zhen
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuansheng Zhai
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Dongguan Cardiovascular Institute, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Weiyi Mei
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdan Zheng
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Feng
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Dongguan Cardiovascular Institute, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingfu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Dongguan Cardiovascular Institute, The Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
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Guzel S, Yibar A, Belenli D, Cetin I, Tanriverdi M. The concentrations of adipokines in goat milk: relation to plasma levels, inflammatory status, milk quality and composition. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:602-607. [PMID: 28111374 PMCID: PMC5383184 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objectives of our study were to measure the major adipokines adiponectin, leptin and resistin in goat milk, to assess their interrelationships and to assess their relationships with the plasma and serum concentrations of total protein, cholesterol, total lipids, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), milk somatic cell count (SCC), milk total aerobic colony and lactobacillus count, and milk components in lactating Saanen goats. The study was performed on eighteen lactating Saanen goats. Milk and blood samples were collected on days 20, 35, 50, 65 and 80 of lactation postpartum. The milk and plasma adiponectin levels on days 50, 65 and 80 postpartum were significantly higher than those on day 20. The milk and plasma leptin levels were lower on day 20 than on days 35, 50, 65 and 80. The milk concentrations of these major adipokines were positively intercorrelated. The milk and plasma concentrations of these three adipokines were also positively correlated. The plasma CRP concentrations correlated positively with milk leptin and resistin concentrations and inversely with milk adiponectin concentration. Milk adiponectin concentration was inversely related with its SCC. These data confirm that adiponectin, leptin and resistin are present in goat milk. The milk concentrations of these three adipokines were interrelated and interacted with the general inflammatory marker, CRP. The inverse relationship between milk adiponectin concentrations and its SCC suggests that variations in milk adiponectin might be involved in the udder health of lactating goats, but clinical trials are needed to support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saime Guzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Uludag, 16059, Bursa, Gorukle, Turkey
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Stevens SM, Crane R, Pensak ML, Samy RN. Middle Ear Obliteration with Blind-Sac Closure of the External Auditory Canal for Spontaneous CSF Otorrhea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 156:534-542. [PMID: 28248604 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816678211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Outcome Objectives To (1) identify unique features of patients who underwent middle ear/mastoid obliteration with blind-sac closure of the external auditory canal for spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea and (2) explore outcomes. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary care center. Subjects and Methods Adults treated for spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from 2007 through 2015 were reviewed and stratified into 2 groups based on the surgery performed: (1) 11 patients underwent middle ear/mastoid obliteration with blind-sac closure of the external auditory canal and (2) 26 patients underwent other procedures. Demographics, body mass index, revised cardiac risk index, Duke Activity Status Index scores, and anticoagulation use were documented. Audiologic data were gathered from pre- and postoperative visits. The primary outcome measure was leak recurrence. Complications were tabulated. Results Poor preoperative hearing was a relative indication for obliteration. Obliteration patients had higher body mass index (43.2 vs 34.9 kg/m2; P < .05), incidence of super-morbid obesity (45% vs 7.6%; P = .015), anticoagulation usage (36% vs 0%; P = .004), cardiac risk scores (1.2 vs 0.1 dB; P < .0004), and Duke Activity Status Index scores. There was 1 leak recurrence (9%). Major and minor complication rates were 9% and 36%, respectively. Mean follow-up was 30.8 ± 8.6 months. Conclusion Middle ear and mastoid obliteration with blind-sac closure of the external auditory canal is effective for treating spontaneous CSF otorrhea. The small cohort reviewed did not experience any major perioperative morbidity. The technique may be best suited for patients with poor hearing, the infirm, and those in whom craniotomy is contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Stevens
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine and Neurosensory Disorders Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan Crane
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine and Neurosensory Disorders Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Myles L Pensak
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine and Neurosensory Disorders Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ravi N Samy
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine and Neurosensory Disorders Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Freitag J, Berod L, Kamradt T, Sparwasser T. Immunometabolism and autoimmunity. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 94:925-934. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Freitag
- Institute of Infection Immunology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH Hannover Germany
| | - Luciana Berod
- Institute of Infection Immunology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Kamradt
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Jena Jena Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research GmbH Hannover Germany
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Frikke-Schmidt H, O'Rourke RW, Lumeng CN, Sandoval DA, Seeley RJ. Does bariatric surgery improve adipose tissue function? Obes Rev 2016; 17:795-809. [PMID: 27272117 PMCID: PMC5328428 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for obesity. Not only do these types of surgeries produce significant weight loss but also they improve insulin sensitivity and whole body metabolic function. The aim of this review is to explore how altered physiology of adipose tissue may contribute to the potent metabolic effects of some of these procedures. This includes specific effects on various fat depots, the function of individual adipocytes and the interaction between adipose tissue and other key metabolic tissues. Besides a dramatic loss of fat mass, bariatric surgery shifts the distribution of fat from visceral to the subcutaneous compartment favoring metabolic improvement. The sensitivity towards lipolysis controlled by insulin and catecholamines is improved, adipokine secretion is altered and local adipose inflammation as well as systemic inflammatory markers decreases. Some of these changes have been shown to be weight loss independent, and novel hypothesis for these effects includes include changes in bile acid metabolism, gut microbiota and central regulation of metabolism. In conclusion bariatric surgery is capable of improving aspects of adipose tissue function and do so in some cases in ways that are not entirely explained by the potent effect of surgery. © 2016 World Obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - C N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - D A Sandoval
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - R J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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ŞAHİNDURAN Ş, KAHRAMAN D. LEPTİN HORMONU. MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2016. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.260792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Kim BY, Mok JO, Kang SK, Jang SY, Jung CH, Kim CH. The relationship between serum adipocytokines and Graves' ophthalmopathy: A hospital-based study. Endocr J 2016; 63:425-30. [PMID: 26842711 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej15-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytokines are thought to be associated with inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases. However, limited information is available on the relationship between serum adipocytokine levels, Graves' disease (GD), and Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The present study examined the relationship between serum adipocytokine levels and GD and GO. A total of 80 patients with GD participated in this study. The medical records of patients were reviewed retrospectively. GO activity was assessed using the clinical activity score (CAS). GO severity was assessed by the modified NOSPECS classification and included soft tissue involvement, proptosis, and extraocular muscle involvement. Serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The prevalence of GO was 36.3%. Serum adiponectin, leptin, and resistin levels were significantly higher in patients with GO than in those without GO. The CAS was positively correlated with serum adiponectin and leptin levels. The total eye score was positively correlated with serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and RBP-4 levels. A multivariate analysis revealed that serum leptin and resistin levels were associated with the presence of GO after adjusting for clinical factors. Free thyroxine was negatively correlated with serum leptin level. These results suggest that adipocytokines, such as leptin and resistin, may play a role in inflammatory and autoimmune processes of GD and GO. Future studies with larger numbers of patients are required to establish relationships between serum adipocytokines levels and GO and ascertain the role of adipocytokines in GD and GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Association of plasma adipokines with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity and progression. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 12:1005-12. [PMID: 26010877 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201501-005oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Two adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, regulate metabolic and inflammatory systems reciprocally. The role of adiponectin in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been studied. However, there are few data evaluating the relationship of plasma leptin with COPD severity or progression. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of leptin, adiponectin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio with COPD severity and progression according to COPD phenotypes. METHODS Plasma leptin and adiponectin levels were measured in 196 subjects with COPD selected from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease cohort. Using a linear regression model and mixed linear regression, we determined the relationship of plasma leptin and adiponectin levels and the leptin/adiponectin ratio to COPD severity and progression over 3 years. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The concentration of adiponectin in plasma positively correlated with percent emphysema on initial computed tomography (CT) (adjusted P = 0.022), whereas plasma leptin concentrations and the leptin/adiponectin ratio exhibited a significant inverse correlation with initial FEV1 (adjusted P = 0.013 for leptin and adjusted P = 0.041 for leptin/adiponectin ratio). Increased plasma leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio were significantly associated with change in percent emphysema over 3 years (adjusted P = 0.037 for leptin and adjusted P = 0.029 for leptin/adiponectin ratio), whereas none of the adipokines demonstrated an association with FEV1 decline over the 3-year period. CONCLUSIONS Plasma adiponectin and leptin vary according to COPD phenotypes. Plasma leptin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio, but not adiponectin, were significantly associated with changes in CT-assessed emphysema, suggesting a potential role as a biomarker in emphysema progression in patients with COPD.
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Chen S, Xie W, Strong JA, Jiang J, Zhang JM. Sciatic endometriosis induces mechanical hypersensitivity, segmental nerve damage, and robust local inflammation in rats. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:1044-57. [PMID: 26688332 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a common cause of pain including radicular pain. Ectopic endometrial tissue may directly affect peripheral nerves including the sciatic, which has not been modelled in animals. METHODS We developed a rat model for sciatic endometriosis by grafting a piece of autologous uterine tissue around the sciatic nerve. Control animals underwent a similar surgery but received a graft of pelvic fat tissue. RESULTS The uterine grafts survived and developed fluid-filled cysts; the adjacent nerve showed signs of swelling and damage. Mechanical and cold hypersensitivity and allodynia of the ipsilateral hindpaw developed gradually over the first 2 weeks after the surgery, peaked at 2-5 weeks, and was almost resolved by 7 weeks. Control animals showed only minor changes in these pain behaviours. Histological signs of inflammation in the uterine graft and in the adjacent nerve were observed at 3 weeks but were resolving by 7 weeks. In vivo fibre recording showed increased spontaneous activity, especially of C-fibres, in sciatic nerve proximal to the uterine graft. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines including interluekin-18, VEGF, fractalkine, and MIP-1α, were elevated in the uterine graft plus sciatic nerve samples, compared to samples from normal nerve or nerve plus fat graft. Growth associated protein 43 (GAP43), a marker of regenerating nerve fibres, was observed in the adjacent sciatic nerve as well as in the uterine graft. CONCLUSIONS This model shared many features with other rat models of endometriosis, but also had some unique features more closely related to neuropathic pain models. WHAT DOES THIS STUDY/REVIEW ADD Some especially painful forms of endometriosis are essentially neuropathic, because peripheral nerves are directly affected by nearby ectopic endometrial tissue. We modelled endometriosis by implanting autologous uterine tissue around rat sciatic nerve. We observed mechanical and cold pain behaviours along with signs of inflammation and nerve damage and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines at the implant site. Pain behaviours correlated with signs of nerve inflammation and damage rather than with cyst survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - W Xie
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - J A Strong
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - J-M Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
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