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Capella-Monsonís H, Crum RJ, Hussey GS, Badylak SF. Advances, challenges, and future directions in the clinical translation of ECM biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 211:115347. [PMID: 38844005 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) scaffolds and biomaterials have been widely used for decades across a variety of diverse clinical applications and have been implanted in millions of patients worldwide. ECM-based biomaterials have been especially successful in soft tissue repair applications but their utility in other clinical applications such as for regeneration of bone or neural tissue is less well understood. The beneficial healing outcome with the use of ECM biomaterials is the result of their biocompatibility, their biophysical properties and their ability to modify cell behavior after injury. As a consequence of successful clinical outcomes, there has been motivation for the development of next-generation formulations of ECM materials ranging from hydrogels, bioinks, powders, to whole organ or tissue scaffolds. The continued development of novel ECM formulations as well as active research interest in these materials ensures a wealth of possibilities for future clinical translation and innovation in regenerative medicine. The clinical translation of next generation formulations ECM scaffolds faces predictable challenges such as manufacturing, manageable regulatory pathways, surgical implantation, and the cost required to address these challenges. The current status of ECM-based biomaterials, including clinical translation, novel formulations and therapies currently under development, and the challenges that limit clinical translation of ECM biomaterials are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Capella-Monsonís
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Viscus Biologics LLC, 2603 Miles Road, Cleveland, OH 44128, USA
| | - Raphael J Crum
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - George S Hussey
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Huff LK, Amurgis CM, Kokai LE, Abbott RD. Optimization and validation of a fat-on-a-chip model for non-invasive therapeutic drug discovery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1404327. [PMID: 38988864 PMCID: PMC11235003 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1404327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant public health concern that is closely associated with various comorbidities such as heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes (T2D), and certain cancers. Due to the central role of adipose tissue in many disease etiologies and the pervasive nature in the body, engineered adipose tissue models are essential for drug discovery and studying disease progression. This study validates a fat-on-a-chip (FOAC) model derived from primary mature adipocytes. Our FOAC model uses a Micronit perfusion device and introduces a novel approach for collecting continuous data by using two non-invasive readout techniques, resazurin and glucose uptake. The Micronit platform proved to be a reproducible model that can effectively maintain adipocyte viability, metabolic activity, and basic functionality, and is capable of mimicking physiologically relevant responses such as adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Importantly, we demonstrate that adipocyte size is highly dependent on extracellular matrix properties, as adipocytes derived from different patients with variable starting lipid areas equilibrate to the same size in the hyaluronic acid hydrogel. This model can be used to study T2D and monitor adipocyte responses to insulin for longitudinally tracking therapeutic efficacy of novel drugs or drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey K. Huff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Charles M. Amurgis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren E. Kokai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Touceda V, Fontana Estevez F, Cacciagiú L, Finocchietto P, Bustos R, Vidal A, Berg G, Morales C, González G, Miksztowicz V. Liraglutide improves adipose tissue remodeling and mitochondrial dynamics in a visceral obesity model induced by a high-fat diet. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100185. [PMID: 38846009 PMCID: PMC11153889 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Central obesity is characterized by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) expansion, considered one of the main risk factors for metabolic complications. In recent years, new drugs have been studied for obesity treatment. Liraglutide (LGT), a GLP-1 agonist, decreases body weight, however, several mechanisms of action on VAT are still unknown. Aim to study the effect of LGT on factors associated with VAT remodeling and mitochondrial dynamics in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into Control (C) and HFD. After 15 weeks of feeding, each group was subdivided according to LGT administration for 5 weeks: C, C + LGT, HFD, and HFD + LGT. In epididymal AT (EAT) we evaluated histological and mitochondrial characteristics, vascularity, gelatinase activity (MMPs), and galectin-3 expression. Results HFD presented larger adipocytes (p < 0.05), and lower vascular density and MMP-9 activity (p < 0.01) than C, while a major number of smaller adipocytes (p < 0.05) and an increase in vascularity (p < 0.001) and MMP-9 activity (p < 0.01) was observed in HFD + LGT. Collagen content was higher (p < 0.05) in EAT from HFD and decreased in HFD + LGT. In C, C + LGT, and HFD + LGT, mitochondria were predominantly tubular-shaped while in HFD mitochondria were mostly spherical (p < 0.001). Conclusion LGT positively influences VAT behavior by modulating gelatinase activity, enhancing vascularization, and improving adipocyte histological characteristics. Additionally, LGT improves mitochondrial dynamics, a process that would favor VAT functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Touceda
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Bioquímica General y Bucal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Fontana Estevez
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Cacciagiú
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Bioquímica General y Bucal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos Teodoro Álvarez, Laboratorio Central, Sección Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola Finocchietto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM. UBA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Metabolismo del Oxígeno, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Bustos
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Vidal
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Berg
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Celina Morales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Patología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Germán González
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Veronica Miksztowicz
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Bioquímica General y Bucal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kohanmoo A, Kazemi A, Zare M, Akhlaghi M. Gender-specific link between sleep quality and body composition components: a cross-sectional study on the elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8113. [PMID: 38582755 PMCID: PMC10998859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep duration has been associated with overweight/obesity. Since sleep quality and body composition alter during aging, we conducted this study to determine if sleep quality is linked to body composition components in elderly people. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 305 Iranian community-dwelling elderly aged ≥ 65 years. Sleep quality and body composition components were evaluated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index and bioelectric impedance analysis, respectively. The association of sleep quality and body composition components was examined using linear regression analysis. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and overweight/obesity was 48.9% and 54.4% in men and 77.0% and 79.3% in women, respectively. Women had significantly higher scores in most PSQI items than men, indicating their worse sleep quality compared to men. Women also had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue and lower skeletal muscle and fat-free mass percentages than men. In the adjusted regression model, men showed positive associations between the third tertile of poor sleep quality and BMI (B = 1.35; 95% CI 0.08-2.61) and waist circumference (B = 4.14; 95% CI 0.39-7.89), but they did not demonstrate an association between sleep quality and body composition components. In the adjusted regression model for women, there were positive associations for BMI (B = 1.21; 95% CI 0.34-2.07), waist circumference (B = 2.95; 95% CI 0.99-4.91), body fat percentage (B = 2.75; 95% CI 1.06-4.45), and visceral adipose tissue (B = 7.80; 95% CI 1.73-13.87); also there were negative associations for skeletal muscle (B = - 1.40; 95% CI - 2.39 - - 0.41) and fat-free mass (B = - 2.76; 95% CI - 4.46 - -1.07) percentages. Except for waist circumference, other variables differed between men and women (P < 0.001). Weight management, prevention of muscle wasting, and improvement of sleep quality should be considered in a consortium when designing healthcare strategies for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran
| | - Asma Kazemi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran.
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5
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Torabi A, Reisi J, Kargarfard M, Mansourian M. Differences in the Impact of Various Types of Exercise on Irisin Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2024; 15:11. [PMID: 38563037 PMCID: PMC10982734 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_76_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Irisin, a myokine that is responsive to exercise, induces significant changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue. By promoting the browning of white fat tissue, it enhances energy expenditure, thereby addressing overweight and obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of different types of physical exercises on irisin levels in overweight and obese adults. Methods Specifically, the review focused on studies involving obese or overweight individuals who participated in exercise training for a minimum of 8 weeks, with measured and reported changes in serum irisin levels compared to a control group. Data were collected from four databases (Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, and Scopus). The risk of bias was assessed using the Begg and Egger tests, and the results were synthesized. Results Initial searches identified 560 titles, out of which only seven met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant increase in serum irisin concentration (SMD = 0.957, P = 0.005) among obese and overweight individuals who engaged in exercise, compared to the passive control group. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) (SMD = 1.229, P < 0.001) had a more pronounced effect on increasing serum irisin levels than other exercise protocols. Furthermore, the effectiveness of exercise varied based on the participants' weight status (significant changes for overweight individuals; P < 0.001 and insignificant changes for obese individuals; P = 0.1), age (significant changes for those under 40 years old; P < 0.001 and insignificant changes for those over 40 years old; P = 0.322), and gender (significant changes for men; P < 0.001 and insignificant changes for women; P = 0.285). Conclusions Consequently, exercise can elevate serum irisin levels, leading to alterations in adipose tissue phenotype and thermogenesis, ultimately contributing to weight reduction in obese and overweight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Torabi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jalil Reisi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kargarfard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Palamarchuk IS, Slavich GM, Vaillancourt T, Rajji TK. Stress-related cellular pathophysiology as a crosstalk risk factor for neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:65. [PMID: 38087196 PMCID: PMC10714507 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we examine biological processes linking psychological stress and cognition, with a focus on how psychological stress can activate multiple neurobiological mechanisms that drive cognitive decline and behavioral change. First, we describe the general neurobiology of the stress response to define neurocognitive stress reactivity. Second, we review aspects of epigenetic regulation, synaptic transmission, sex hormones, photoperiodic plasticity, and psychoneuroimmunological processes that can contribute to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric conditions. Third, we explain mechanistic processes linking the stress response and neuropathology. Fourth, we discuss molecular nuances such as an interplay between kinases and proteins, as well as differential role of sex hormones, that can increase vulnerability to cognitive and emotional dysregulation following stress. Finally, we explicate several testable hypotheses for stress, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric research. Together, this work highlights how stress processes alter neurophysiology on multiple levels to increase individuals' risk for neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, and points toward novel therapeutic targets for mitigating these effects. The resulting models can thus advance dementia and mental health research, and translational neuroscience, with an eye toward clinical application in cognitive and behavioral neurology, and psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna S Palamarchuk
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J1H4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Division of Neurology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Lamri A, De Paoli M, De Souza R, Werstuck G, Anand S, Pigeyre M. Insight into genetic, biological, and environmental determinants of sexual-dimorphism in type 2 diabetes and glucose-related traits. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:964743. [PMID: 36505380 PMCID: PMC9729955 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.964743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that sex and gender differences play an important role in risk and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Men develop T2D earlier than women, even though there is more obesity in young women than men. This difference in T2D prevalence is attenuated after the menopause. However, not all women are equally protected against T2D before the menopause, and gestational diabetes represents an important risk factor for future T2D. Biological mechanisms underlying sex and gender differences on T2D physiopathology are not yet fully understood. Sex hormones affect behavior and biological changes, and can have implications on lifestyle; thus, both sex-specific environmental and biological risk factors interact within a complex network to explain the differences in T2D risk and physiopathology in men and women. In addition, lifetime hormone fluctuations and body changes due to reproductive factors are generally more dramatic in women than men (ovarian cycle, pregnancy, and menopause). Progress in genetic studies and rodent models have significantly advanced our understanding of the biological pathways involved in the physiopathology of T2D. However, evidence of the sex-specific effects on genetic factors involved in T2D is still limited, and this gap of knowledge is even more important when investigating sex-specific differences during the life course. In this narrative review, we will focus on the current state of knowledge on the sex-specific effects of genetic factors associated with T2D over a lifetime, as well as the biological effects of these different hormonal stages on T2D risk. We will also discuss how biological insights from rodent models complement the genetic insights into the sex-dimorphism effects on T2D. Finally, we will suggest future directions to cover the knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Monica De Paoli
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TaARI), Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Russell De Souza
- Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Geoff Werstuck
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TaARI), Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Hamilton, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Marie Pigeyre
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Xiong T, Rodriguez Paris V, Edwards MC, Hu Y, Cochran BJ, Rye KA, Ledger WL, Padmanabhan V, Handelsman DJ, Gilchrist RB, Walters KA. Androgen signaling in adipose tissue, but less likely skeletal muscle, mediates development of metabolic traits in a PCOS mouse model. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E145-E158. [PMID: 35658542 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00418.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, multifactorial disorder characterized by endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic dysfunction. As the etiology of PCOS is unknown, there is no cure and symptom-oriented treatments are suboptimal. Hyperandrogenism is a key diagnostic trait, and evidence suggests that androgen receptor (AR)-mediated actions are critical to PCOS pathogenesis. However, the key AR target sites involved remain to be fully defined. Adipocyte and muscle dysfunction are proposed as important sites involved in the manifestation of PCOS traits. We investigated the role of AR signaling in white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle in the development of PCOS in a hyperandrogenic PCOS mouse model. As expected, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) exposure induced key reproductive and metabolic PCOS traits in wild-type (WT) females. Transplantation of AR-insensitive (AR-/-) WAT or BAT from AR knockout females (ARKO) into DHT-treated WT mice ameliorated some metabolic PCOS features, including increased body weight, adiposity, and adipocyte hypertrophy, but not reproductive PCOS traits. In contrast, DHT-treated ARKO female mice transplanted with AR-responsive (AR+/+) WAT or BAT continued to resist developing PCOS traits. DHT-treated skeletal muscle-specific AR knockout females (SkMARKO) displayed a comparable phenotype with that of DHT-treated WT females, with full development of PCOS traits. Taken together, these findings infer that both WAT and BAT, but less likely skeletal muscle, are key sites of AR-mediated actions involved in the experimental pathogenesis of metabolic PCOS traits. These data further support targeting adipocyte AR-driven pathways in future research aimed at developing novel therapeutic interventions for PCOS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hyperandrogenism is a key feature in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); however, the tissue sites of androgen receptor (AR) signaling are unclear. In this study, AR signaling in white and brown adipose tissue, but less likely in skeletal muscle, was found to be involved in the development of metabolic PCOS traits, highlighting the importance of androgen actions in adipose tissue and obesity in the manifestation of metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Valentina Rodriguez Paris
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa C Edwards
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ying Hu
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Blake J Cochran
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William L Ledger
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - David J Handelsman
- Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert B Gilchrist
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsty A Walters
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Motahari-Rad H, Subiri A, Soler R, Ocaña L, Alcaide J, Rodríguez-Capitan J, Buil V, el Azzouzi H, Ortega-Gomez A, Bernal-Lopez R, Insenser M, Tinahones FJ, Murri M. The Effect of Sex and Obesity on the Gene Expression of Lipid Flippases in Adipose Tissue. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133878. [PMID: 35807162 PMCID: PMC9267438 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms behind obesity and sex-related effects in adipose tissue remain elusive. During adipocyte expansion, adipocytes undergo drastic remodelling of lipid membrane compositions. Lipid flippases catalyse phospholipid translocation from exoplasmic to the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes. The present study aimed to analyse the effect of sex, obesity, and their interactions on the gene expression of two lipid flippases—ATP8A1 and ATP8B1—and their possible microRNA (miR) modulators in visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In total, 12 normal-weight subjects (5 premenopausal women and 7 men) and 13 morbidly obese patients (7 premenopausal women and 6 men) were submitted to surgery, and VAT samples were obtained. Gene expression levels of ATP8A1, ATP8B1, miR-548b-5p, and miR-4643 were measured in VAT. Our results showed a marked influence of obesity on VAT ATP8A1 and ATP8B1, although the effects of obesity were stronger in men for ATP8A1. Both genes positively correlated with obesity and metabolic markers. Furthermore, ATP8B1 was positively associated with miR-548b-5p and negatively associated with miR-4643. Both miRs were also affected by sex. Thus, lipid flippases are altered by obesity in VAT in a sex-specific manner. Our study provides a better understanding of the sex-specific molecular mechanisms underlying obesity, which may contribute to the development of sex-based precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Motahari-Rad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran;
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
| | - Alba Subiri
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Rocio Soler
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of General and Digestive Surgery, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Luis Ocaña
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of General and Digestive Surgery, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Juan Alcaide
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Capitan
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Heart, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Veronica Buil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Hamid el Azzouzi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Rosa Bernal-Lopez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Internal Medicine, IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Mora Murri
- Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (A.S.); (J.A.); (A.O.-G.); (F.J.T.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIlBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (M.M.)
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10
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Hefetz L, Ben-Haroush Schyr R, Bergel M, Arad Y, Kleiman D, Israeli H, Samuel I, Azulai S, Haran A, Levy Y, Sender D, Rottenstreich A, Ben-Zvi D. Maternal antagonism of Glp1 reverses the adverse outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy on mouse offspring. JCI Insight 2022; 7:156424. [PMID: 35393955 PMCID: PMC9057621 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mothers that underwent bariatric surgery are at higher risk for delivering a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant. This phenomenon is attributed to malabsorption and rapid weight loss following surgery. We compared pregnancy outcomes in lean mice that underwent sham surgery or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). SG led to a reduction in glucose levels and an increase in postprandial levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (Glp1) without affecting mice weight during pregnancy. Pups of SG-operated mice (SG pups) were born SGA. The placenta and pancreas of the pups were not affected by SG, although a high-fat diet caused hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance in male SG pups. Treatment with a Glp1 receptor antagonist during pregnancy normalized the birth weight of SG pups and diminished the adverse response to a high-fat diet without affecting glucose levels of pregnant mice. The antagonist did not affect the birth weight of pups of sham-operated mice. Our findings link elevated Glp1 signaling, rather than weight loss, to the increased prevalence of SGA births following bariatric surgery with metabolic consequences for the offspring. The long-term effects of bariatric surgery on the metabolic health of offspring of patients require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Hefetz
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Military Medicine and Tzameret, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, and Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Israel
| | - Rachel Ben-Haroush Schyr
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Bergel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yhara Arad
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Military Medicine and Tzameret, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, and Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Israel
| | - Doron Kleiman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Israeli
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itia Samuel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Azulai
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arnon Haran
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yovel Levy
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Sender
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amihai Rottenstreich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and.,Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Danny Ben-Zvi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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11
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Harnichar AE, Zubiría MG, Giordano AP, Miguel I, Rey MA, Spinedi E, Giovambattista A. Inhibitory effect of androgens on white adipose tissue thermogenic capacity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 543:111542. [PMID: 34995681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) browning has gained interest due to its impact in obesity. Here, we evaluated the effect of androgens on the Ucp1-dependent thermogenic process from inguinal (IAT) and retroperitoneal (RPAT) WAT. Surgically androgens depleted rats (ODX) showed basal thermogenic activation (room temperature) in both WAT depots, which expressed higher levels of Ucp1, Prdm16 and Pgc1a. WAT pads from ODX cold-exposed rats (ODX-C) expressed increased levels of Ucp1 and Pgc1a and showed high UCP1 protein content. In primary beige adipocyte cultures, testosterone decreased the mitochondrial marker Cox8b and mitochondrial content. Finally, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) decreased the expression of Ucp1, Pcg1a and Prdm16 in forskolin-stimulated beige adipocytes, an effect that was prevented by the antiandrogen flutamide. In conclusion, androgen deficient rats developed WAT depots with enhanced basal and cold-stimulated thermogenic activity. Additionally, in vitro androgen treatments inhibited the thermogenic program, effect which was mediated by the androgen receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ezequiel Harnichar
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - María Guillermina Zubiría
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina; Biology Department, School of Exact Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Paula Giordano
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Miguel
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - María Amanda Rey
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Spinedi
- Centre of Experimental and Applied Endocrinology (CENEXA, UNLP-CONICET), La Plata Medical School, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Andrés Giovambattista
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Institute of Cellular Biology (IMBICE, CICPBA-CONICET-UNLP), 526 10 y 11, La Plata, 1900, Argentina; Biology Department, School of Exact Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, 1900, Argentina.
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12
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Osorio-Conles Ó, Vega-Beyhart A, Ibarzabal A, Balibrea JM, Vidal J, de Hollanda A. Biological Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Severely Obese Women. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042394. [PMID: 35216509 PMCID: PMC8878297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of the most dangerous heart attack risk factors: diabetes or raised fasting plasma glucose, abdominal obesity, high cholesterol and high blood pressure. The goal of this study is to compare the state of the main features of obesity-associated white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction in 66 women with severe obesity without (MetS-) or with MetS (MetS+). Fat cell area, adipocyte size distribution and histological fibrosis were analysed in visceral (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous WAT (SAT) in 33 age- and BMI-matched pairs of MetS- and MetS+ subjects. The mRNA expression of 93 genes implicated in obesity-associated WAT dysfunction was analysed by RT-qPCR in both fat depots. MetS+ females showed higher adipocyte hypertrophy in both fat depots and increased fibrosis and expression of macrophage and hypoxia markers in SAT. Transcriptional data suggest increased fatty acid oxidation in SAT and impaired thermogenesis and extracellular matrix remodelling in VAT from MetS+ subjects. A sPLS-DA model, including SAT expression of PPARA and LEPR genes identified MetS with an AUC = 0.87. Despite equal age, BMI and body composition, MetS+ females display morphological and transcriptional differences in both WAT depots, especially in SAT. These factors may contribute to the transition to MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Osorio-Conles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (Ó.O.-C.); (A.d.H.); Tel.: +34-932275707 (ext. 2910) (Ó.O.-C.); +34-932279846 (A.d.H.); Fax: +34932275589 (A.d.H.)
| | - Arturo Vega-Beyhart
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ainitze Ibarzabal
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - José María Balibrea
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Josep Vidal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana de Hollanda
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (Ó.O.-C.); (A.d.H.); Tel.: +34-932275707 (ext. 2910) (Ó.O.-C.); +34-932279846 (A.d.H.); Fax: +34932275589 (A.d.H.)
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13
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Sex differences in white adipose tissue expansion: emerging molecular mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2691-2708. [PMID: 34908104 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of individuals becoming overweight and obese is a rapidly rising global health problem, placing an enormous burden on health and economic systems worldwide. Whilst obesity has well described lifestyle drivers, there is also a significant and poorly understood component that is regulated by genetics. Furthermore, there is clear evidence for sexual dimorphism in obesity, where overall risk, degree, subtype and potential complications arising from obesity all differ between males and females. The molecular mechanisms that dictate these sex differences remain mostly uncharacterised. Many studies have demonstrated that this dimorphism is unable to be solely explained by changes in hormones and their nuclear receptors alone, and instead manifests from coordinated and highly regulated gene networks, both during development and throughout life. As we acquire more knowledge in this area from approaches such as large-scale genomic association studies, the more we appreciate the true complexity and heterogeneity of obesity. Nevertheless, over the past two decades, researchers have made enormous progress in this field, and some consistent and robust mechanisms continue to be established. In this review, we will discuss some of the proposed mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in obesity, and discuss some of the key regulators that influence this phenomenon.
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14
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Pierce KC, Hornsby WG, Stone MH. Weightlifting for Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review. Sports Health 2021; 14:45-56. [PMID: 34781771 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211056094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of youth in the sport of weightlifting and the use of weightlifting methods as part of training for youth sport performance appears to be increasing. Weightlifting for children and adolescents has been criticized in some circles and is a controversial aspect of resistance training for young people. Although injuries can occur during weightlifting and related activities, the incidence and rate of injury appear to be relatively low and severe injury is uncommon. A number of performance, physical, and physiological variables, such as body composition, strength, and power, are improved by weightlifting training in children, adolescents, and young athletes. Manipulating program variables, when appropriate, can have a substantial and profound influence on the psychological, physiological, physical, and performance aspects of weightlifters. An understanding of the sport, scientific training principles, and musculoskeletal growth development is necessary to properly construct a reasonable and appropriate training program. A scientific background aids in providing an evidenced basis and sound rationale in selecting appropriate methods and directing adaptations toward more specific goals and enables the coach to make choices about training and competition that might not otherwise be possible. If weightlifting training and competition are age group appropriate and are properly supervised, the sport can be substantially safe and efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle C Pierce
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - W Guy Hornsby
- College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Michael H Stone
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, Sports, Exercise, Recreation and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
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15
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Lefebvre P, Staels B. Hepatic sexual dimorphism - implications for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:662-670. [PMID: 34417588 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver is often thought of as a single functional unit, but both its structural and functional architecture make it highly multivalent and adaptable. In any given physiological situation, the liver can maintain metabolic homeostasis, conduct appropriate inflammatory responses, carry out endobiotic and xenobiotic transformation and synthesis reactions, as well as store and release multiple bioactive molecules. Moreover, the liver is a very resilient organ. This resilience means that chronic liver diseases can go unnoticed for decades, yet culminate in life-threatening clinical complications once the adaptive capacity of the liver is overwhelmed. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predisposes individuals to cirrhosis and increases liver-related and cardiovascular disease-related mortality. This Review discusses the accumulating evidence of sexual dimorphism in NAFLD, which is currently rarely considered in preclinical and clinical studies. Increased awareness of the mechanistic causes of hepatic sexual dimorphism could lead to improved understanding of the biological processes that are dysregulated in NAFLD, to the identification of relevant therapeutic targets and to improved risk stratification of patients with NAFLD undergoing therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lefebvre
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Bart Staels
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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16
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Parra-Montes de Oca MA, Sotelo-Rivera I, Gutiérrez-Mata A, Charli JL, Joseph-Bravo P. Sex Dimorphic Responses of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis to Energy Demands and Stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:746924. [PMID: 34745011 PMCID: PMC8565401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.746924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid-axis (HPT) is one of the main neuroendocrine axes that control energy expenditure. The activity of hypophysiotropic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) neurons is modulated by nutritional status, energy demands and stress, all of which are sex dependent. Sex dimorphism has been associated with sex steroids whose concentration vary along the life-span, but also to sex chromosomes that define not only sexual characteristics but the expression of relevant genes. In this review we describe sex differences in basal HPT axis activity and in its response to stress and to metabolic challenges in experimental animals at different stages of development, as well as some of the limited information available on humans. Literature review was accomplished by searching in Pubmed under the following words: "sex dimorphic" or "sex differences" or "female" or "women" and "thyrotropin" or "thyroid hormones" or "deiodinases" and "energy homeostasis" or "stress". The most representative articles were discussed, and to reduce the number of references, selected reviews were cited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Joseph-Bravo
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mexico
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17
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Brzęk P. Sex differences in nonshivering thermogenesis in the wild. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 536:111402. [PMID: 34302908 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) is a key mechanism that allows mammals to control their body temperature. Sex can frequently affect thermoregulatory requirements; therefore, males and females can be expected to differ significantly in their NST capacity. Several sex-related differences in NST have been described in laboratory animals and humans; however, these parameters are relatively rarely studied in animals living under natural conditions. Here, I briefly review factors that may be responsible for this disparity and point out two situations that should be particularly promising in searching for sex differences in NST under natural conditions: the lactation period and potential mitonuclear conflicts over NST control in species with genetic polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Brzęk
- Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Białystok, Poland.
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18
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Effect of Resistance Exercise on the Lipolysis Pathway in Obese Pre- and Postmenopausal Women. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090874. [PMID: 34575649 PMCID: PMC8471631 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise may stimulate lipolytic activity within adipose tissue. Furthermore, resistance exercise may contribute to the more efficient reduction in adipose tissue mass and prevent the accumulation thereof in obese women. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of regular resistance exercise for 12 weeks on the lipolysis pathway in women with obesity. Twenty-three pre- and postmenopausal women with body fat percentages of 30% or more were divided into the premenopausal group (n = 9) and the postmenopausal group (n = 14). All subjects participated in resistance exercise training for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and physical fitness tests were performed on all participants. Protein analyses were performed on extracted subcutaneous fatty tissue, and changes in the relevant protein levels in the samples were analyzed by Western blotting. All serum samples were submitted for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of adipocyte factors. After 12 weeks, the adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and perilipin1 protein levels were significantly lower in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. The hormone-sensitive lipase protein levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. In addition, leptin concentrations were significantly decreased after resistance exercise in the postmenopausal group. Adiponectin concentrations were significantly increased after resistance exercise in both groups. These findings indicate that regular resistance exercise is effective in reducing the weight and body fat of obese premenopausal women, and in the secretion of adiponectin. On the other hand, postmenopausal women were found to have redeced weight and body fat, and were found to be positive for the secretion of adipokine factors. In addition, positive changes in lipolysis pathway factors in adipose tissue promote lipid degradation and reduce fat mass. Thus, regular resistance exercise shows positive changes in the lipolysis pathway more effectively in weight and body fat reduction in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women.
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19
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Ramos-Lopez O, Milton-Laskibar I, Martínez JA. Precision nutrition based on phenotypical traits and the (epi)genotype: nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic approaches for obesity care. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2021; 24:315-325. [PMID: 33859118 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this article is to rationally review and critically appraise the current knowledge in the most relevant nongenetic and genetic factors influencing obesity predisposition. This information may be translated into the implementation of personalized nutrition approaches involving precision nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic strategies for obesity monitoring and weight management. RECENT FINDINGS The importance and influence of several nongenetic contributors to obesity onset and individual responses to weight-loss interventions have been highlighted including the role of age, sex or perinatal feeding and others related to an individual's lifestyle and modifiable. Nutrigenetic studies have analysed potential interactions between polymorphisms influencing energy homeostasis/body composition and dietary factors in relation to adiposity phenotypes and therapy responsiveness. A second approach comprises the Nutrigenomic analysis of gene expression modifications in response to the consumption of specific nutrients or dietary bioactive compounds, which may involve epigenetic mechanisms including deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and micro-ribonucleic acid expression profiles. SUMMARY Taken together, these findings encompass the importance of taking into account up-to-date advances in Nutrigenetic and Nutrigenomic hallmarks, globally analysing the risk of weight gain and related outcomes after following nutrition counselling, this contributing to improve obesity care considering phenotypical traits and the genetic make-up for precision obesity care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA- Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM + CSIC, Spanish National Research Council
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA- Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM + CSIC, Spanish National Research Council
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain
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20
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Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Soveral G. Recent Update on the Molecular Mechanisms of Gonadal Steroids Action in Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5226. [PMID: 34069293 PMCID: PMC8157194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gonadal steroids, including androgens, estrogens and progestogens, are involved in the control of body fat distribution in humans. Nevertheless, not only the size and localization of the fat depots depend on the sex steroids levels, but they can also highly affect the functioning of adipose tissue. Namely, the gonadocorticoids can directly influence insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, fatty acid uptake and adipokine production. They may also alter energy balance and glucose homeostasis in adipocytes in an indirect way, e.g., by changing the expression level of aquaglyceroporins. This work presents the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanism of how the gonadal steroids influence the functioning of adipose tissue leading to a set of detrimental metabolic consequences. Special attention is given here to highlighting the sexual dimorphism of adipocyte functioning in terms of health and disease. Particularly, we discuss the molecular background of metabolic disturbances occurring in consequence of hormonal imbalance which is characteristic of some common endocrinopathies such as the polycystic ovary syndrome. From this perspective, we highlight the potential drug targets and the active substances which can be used in personalized sex-specific management of metabolic diseases, in accord with the patient's hormonal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Graça Soveral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
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21
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Guney G, Taskin MI, Baykan O, Adali E, Gul Tezcan S, Sarikaya S, Kaya C, Tolu E. Endotrophin as a novel marker in PCOS and its relation with other adipokines and metabolic parameters: a pilot study. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:20420188211049607. [PMID: 34659735 PMCID: PMC8511906 DOI: 10.1177/20420188211049607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome is known to be the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. Current evidence shows that regulatory proteins secreted from the adipose tissue called adipokines may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome. We planned to investigate the role of endotrophin that has never been researched in polycystic ovary syndrome before and its correlation with other metabolic parameters and adipokines such as adiponectin and ghrelin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS Forty-three women (n: 43) with polycystic ovary syndrome and 43 (n: 43) women as a control group were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum levels of endotrophin, adiponectin, and ghrelin levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol levels, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, total testosterone, and triglyceride levels were measured. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index, body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, and waist-to-hip ratio were also evaluated. RESULTS Total testosterone, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, and triglyceride levels were higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (p < 0.01). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein levels (p > 0.05). We did not observe any significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels between the groups (p > 0.05). Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome had significantly higher endotrophin levels (p < 0.01). According to our regression analyses [area under the curve: 0.973 (0.935-1.000), 95% confidence interval, 95.2% sensitivity, and 100% specificity], it was shown that endotrophin greater than 92 ng/ml and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance greater than 2.5 might be good predictors for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that endotrophin level is higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and may have predicted polycystic ovary syndrome with increased homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index. There was no significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome group. Endotrophin may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome etiology rather than other adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mine Islimye Taskin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and
Infertility, Medical Faculty, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Baykan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty,
Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ertan Adali
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and
Infertility, Medical Faculty, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Selin Gul Tezcan
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and
Infertility, Medical Faculty, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Sarikaya
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and
Infertility, Medical Faculty, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Cihan Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University,
Istanbul,Turkey
| | - Ezgi Tolu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and
Infertility, Medical Faculty, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
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22
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Pace F, Watnick PI. The Interplay of Sex Steroids, the Immune Response, and the Intestinal Microbiota. Trends Microbiol 2020; 29:849-859. [PMID: 33257138 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The role of sex steroids in mammalian maturation is well established. Recently, it has been increasingly appreciated that sex steroids also play an important role in the propensity of adults to develop a myriad of diseases. The exposure and responsiveness of tissues to sex steroids varies among individuals and between the sexes, and this has been correlated with gender-specific differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and in susceptibility to metabolic, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases. Here we focus on recent studies that demonstrate an interplay between sex steroids, the intestinal immune response, and the intestinal microbiota. While correlations between biological sex, the intestinal innate immune response, intestinal inflammation, and intestinal microbiota have been established, many gaps in our knowledge prevent the emergence of an overarching model for this complex interaction. Such a model could aid in the development of prebiotic, probiotic, or synthetic therapeutics that decrease the risk of autoimmune, metabolic, neoplastic, and infectious diseases of the intestine and mitigate the particular health risks faced by individuals receiving sex steroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pace
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paula I Watnick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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23
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Vallim AC, Gaio EJ, Oppermann RV, Rösing CK, Albandar JM, Susin C, Haas AN. Obesity as a risk factor for tooth loss over 5 years: A population-based cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 48:14-23. [PMID: 33010056 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess obesity as a risk factor for tooth loss over 5 years in an urban sample of Brazilian adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1586 individuals were surveyed using a multistage probabilistic approach. Five years later, 635 individuals 14-64 years old were re-examined. An incident case of tooth loss was determined for a participant that had lost at least one tooth over time. Obesity was evaluated by calculating body mass index at baseline and by the change in obesity status over time. RESULTS Incident cases of tooth loss were significantly more frequent among obese (47.1%) than normal-weight individuals (32.4%) (p = .004). Obese individuals had 31% higher risk [relative risk (RR) =1.31; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.04-1.65] for tooth loss than normal-weight individuals adjusting for age, socio-economic status, smoking, dental care and periodontitis. This association was significant for females (RR=1.47, 95%CI 1.08-2.01), but not for males. The risk for tooth loss was also modified by presence of periodontitis at baseline and lifetime smoking exposure. There was an increased risk for tooth loss for those that remained obese than those that remained normal weight. CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with higher risk for tooth loss. This association was modified by sex, periodontal status and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Vallim
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Gaio
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rui Vicente Oppermann
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Jasim M Albandar
- Periodontal Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex Nogueira Haas
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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24
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Yuan X, Chen R, Zhang Y, Lin X, Yang X. Sexual dimorphism of gut microbiota at different pubertal status. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:152. [PMID: 32723385 PMCID: PMC7390191 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence infer that gut microbiome-host relations are key mediators or modulators driving the observed sexual dimorphism in some disease onset and progression. To date, the sex-differences of gut microbiota at different pubertal status have not been reported. Objective To determine the characteristics of gut microbiota of both genders at different pubertal status. Methods Gut microbiota was analyzed in 89 Chinese participants aged 5–15 years. Participants were divided into pre-puberty and puberty groups for both male and female. The composition of gut microbiota was investigated by 16S rRNA-based metagenomics. Ecological representations of microbial communities were computed. The prediction of metagenomic functional content from 16S rRNA gene surveys was conducted. Results There were 49 males (9.76 ± 2.15 years) and 40 females (9.74 ± 1.63 years); 21 males and 26 females were at puberty. At genus level, Alistipes, Megamonas, Oscillospira and Parabacteroides were more prevalent in girls than in boys (p < 0.05). There were no significantly differences of alpha-diversity between genders, which was independent of pubertal status. The beta-diversity was significantly different in pubertal subjects between genders. Using statistical analyses, we assigned genera Dorea, Megamonas, Bilophila, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium as microbial markers for pubertal subjects. The predicted metabolic profiles differ in both pubertal and pre-pubertal groups between genders. Conclusion This cross-sectional study revealed that sex differences in the gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic profiles exist before puberty, which become more significant at puberty. The identification of novel puberty bacterial markers may disclose a potential effects of gender-related microbiota profiles on puberty onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiangquan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 145, 817 Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
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25
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Jannat Ali Pour N, Meshkani R, Toolabi K, Mohassel Azadi S, Zand S, Emamgholipour S. Adipose tissue mRNA expression of HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC9 in obese women in relation to obesity indices and insulin resistance. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3459-3468. [PMID: 32277440 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is well-established that an impaired adipose tissue function and morphology caused by a dysregulated gene expression contribute substantially to obesity. Nowadays, animal model studies and in vitro surveys provide evidence for possible roles of HDACs as emerging epigenetic players in the pathogenesis of obesity. However, the clinical pertinence of HDACs in the field of obesity research in humans is not yet obvious. Here, we investigated mRNA expression of HDAC1, 3 and 9 in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of obese female participants (n = 20) and normal-weight women (n = 19). We also evaluated the association of the afore-mentioned HDACs gene expression with obesity indices, insulin resistance parameters, and other obesity-related characteristics. Our data revealed the mRNA level of HDAC1 was significantly decreased in both VAT and SAT of obese women, compared to controls. Moreover, the SAT mRNA expression of HDAC3 and VAT mRNA levels of HDAC9 were significantly lower in obese subjects than those found in controls. We observed that HDAC1 and HDAC3 expression in adipose tissue from the whole population is inversely correlated with obesity indices; BMI, waist, hip and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Moreover, we found that HDAC3 expression in adipose tissue had an inverse correlation with HOMA-IR, insulin levels, and serum concentration of hs-CRP. Moreover, VAT HDAC9 mRNA level is inversely correlated with obesity indices; BMI, waist, hip and WHtR and with HOMA-IR, insulin levels, and serum concentration of hs-CRP. Hence, it seems that decreased HDAC1,3 and 9 mRNA expression in adipose tissue might be associated with obesity and related abnormalities. However, more studies are needed to establish this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Jannat Ali Pour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karamollah Toolabi
- Department of Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mohassel Azadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahabedin Zand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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