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Yan Q, Lu L, Yi X, Pereira JF, Zhang J. Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal regulatory network and hub genes of aluminum response in roots of elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135011. [PMID: 38944995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity severely restricts the growth and productivity of elephant grass in acidic soils around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of Al response have not been investigated in elephant grass. In this study, we conducted phenotype, physiology, and transcriptome analysis of elephant grass roots in response to Al stress. Phenotypic analysis revealed that a low concentration of Al stress improved root growth while higher Al concentrations inhibit root growth. Al stress significantly increased the citrate (CA) content in roots, while the expression levels of genes related to citrate synthesis were substantially changed. The multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family were identified as hub genes in the co-expression network of Al response in elephant grass roots. Phylogenetic analysis showed that hub genes CpMATE93 and CpMATE158 belonged to the same clade as other MATE genes reported to be involved in citrate transport. Additionally, overexpression of CpMATE93 conferred Al resistance in yeast cells. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies of molecular mechanisms in the elephant grass response to Al stress and could help breeders develop elite cultivars with Al tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Liyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xianfeng Yi
- Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530001, China
| | | | - Jiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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Qiu CW, Ma Y, Gao ZF, Sreesaeng J, Zhang S, Liu W, Ahmed IM, Cai S, Wang Y, Zhang G, Wu F. Genome-wide profiling of genetic variations reveals the molecular basis of aluminum stress adaptation in Tibetan wild barley. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132541. [PMID: 37716271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soil is a major factor affecting crop productivity. The extensive genetic diversity found in Tibetan wild barley germplasms offers a valuable reservoir of alleles associated with aluminum tolerance. Here, resequencing of two Al-tolerant barley genotypes (Tibetan wild barley accession XZ16 and cultivated barley Dayton) identified a total of 19,826,182 and 16,287,277 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 1628,052 and 1386,973 insertions/deletions (InDels), 61,532 and 57,937 structural variations (SVs), 248,768 and 240,723 copy number variations (CNVs) in XZ16 and Dayton, respectively, and uncovered approximately 600 genes highly related to Al tolerance in barley. Comparative genomic analyses unveiled 71 key genes that contain unique genetic variants in XZ16 and are predominantly associated with organic acid exudation, Al sequestration, auxin response, and transcriptional regulation. Manipulation of these key genes at the genetic and transcriptional level is a promising strategy for developing optimal haplotype combinations and new barley cultivars with improved Al tolerance. This study represents the first comprehensive examination of genetic variation in Al-tolerant Tibetan wild barley through genome-wide profiling. The obtained results make the deep insight into the mechanisms underlying barley adaptation to Al toxicity, and identified the candidate genes useful for improvement of Al tolerance in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zi-Feng Gao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jakkrit Sreesaeng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, Florida A&M University, FL 32317, USA
| | - Shengguan Cai
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Yan L, Riaz M, Li S, Cheng J, Jiang C. Harnessing the power of exogenous factors to enhance plant resistance to aluminum toxicity; a critical review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108064. [PMID: 37783071 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is the most prevalent element in the earth crust and is toxic to plants in acidic soils. However, plants can address Al toxicity through external exclusion (which prevents Al from entering roots) and internal detoxification (which counterbalances the toxic-Al absorbed by roots). Nowadays, certain categories of exogenously added regulatory factors (EARF), such as nutritional elements, organic acids, amino acids, phytohormones, or biochar, etc. play a critical role in reducing the bioavailability/toxicity of Al in plants. Numerous studies suggest that regulating factors against Al toxicity mediate the expression of Al-responsive genes and transcription factors, thereby regulating the secretion of organic acids, alkalizing rhizosphere pH, modulating cell wall (CW) modifications, improving antioxidant defense systems, and promoting the compartmentalization of non-toxic Al within intracellular. This review primarily discusses recent and older published papers to demonstrate the basic concepts of Al phytotoxicity. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive explanation of the crucial roles of EARF-induced responses against Al toxicity in plants. This information may serve as a foundation for improving plant resistance to Al and enhancing the growth of susceptible species in acidic soils. And this review holds significant theoretical significance for EARF to improve the quality of acidic soils cultivated land, increase crop yield and quality, and ensure food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Jin Cheng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Hajiboland R, Panda CK, Lastochkina O, Gavassi MA, Habermann G, Pereira JF. Aluminum Toxicity in Plants: Present and Future. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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Du H, Raman H, Kawasaki A, Perera G, Diffey S, Snowdon R, Raman R, Ryan PR. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies multiple loci linked with the natural variation for Al 3+ resistance in Brassica napus. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:845-860. [PMID: 35753342 DOI: 10.1071/fp22073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acid soils limit yields of many important crops including canola (Brassica napus ), Australia's third largest crop. Aluminium (Al3+ ) stress is the main cause of this limitation primarily because the toxic Al3+ present inhibits root growth. Breeding programmes do not target acid-soil tolerance in B. napus because genetic variation and convincing quantitative trait loci have not been reported. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the BnASSYST diversity panel of B. napus genotyped with 35 729 high-quality DArTseq markers. We screened 352 B. napus accessions in hydroponics with and without a toxic concentration of AlCl3 (12μM, pH 4.3) for 12days and measured shoot biomass, root biomass, and root length. By accounting for both population structure and kinship matrices, five significant quantitative trait loci for different measures of resistance were identified using incremental Al3+ resistance indices. Within these quantitative trait locus regions of B. napus , 40 Arabidopsis thaliana gene orthologues were identified, including some previously linked with Al3+ resistance. GWAS analysis indicated that multiple genes are responsible for the natural variation in Al3+ resistance in B. napus . The results provide new genetic resources and markers to enhance that Al3+ resistance of B. napus germplasm via genomic and marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmei Du
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; and Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Harsh Raman
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Akitomo Kawasaki
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; and NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Advanced Gene Technology Centre, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia
| | - Geetha Perera
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | | | - Rod Snowdon
- Justus Liebig University, Department of Plant Breeding Institute, Giessen 35391, Germany
| | - Rosy Raman
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Du H, Ryan PR, Liu C, Li H, Hu W, Yan W, Huang Y, He W, Luo B, Zhang X, Gao S, Zhou S, Zhang S. ZmMATE6 from maize encodes a citrate transporter that enhances aluminum tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 311:111016. [PMID: 34482919 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The yields of cereal crops grown on acidic soils are often reduced by aluminum (Al) toxicity because the prevalence of toxic Al3+ cations increases as pH falls below 5.0. The Al-dependent release of citrate from resistant lines of maize is controlled by ZmMATE1 which encodes a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter protein. ZmMATE6 is another member of this family in maize whose expression is also increased by Al treatment. We investigated the function of this gene in more detail to determine whether it also contributes to Al resistance. Quantitative RT-PCR measurements found that ZmMATE6 was expressed in the roots and leaves of Al-resistant and sensitive inbred lines. Treatment with Al induced ZmMATE6 expression in all tissues but several other divalent or trivalent cations tested had no effect on expression. This expression pattern and the induction by Al treatment was confirmed in ZmMATE6 promoter-β-glucuronidase fusion lines. Heterogeneous expression of ZmMATE6 displayed a greater Al-activated release of citrate from the roots and was significantly resistant to Al toxicity than controls. This was associated with reduced accumulation of Al in the root tissues. Our results demonstrated that ZmMATE6 expression is induced by Al and functions as a citrate transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmei Du
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Wanpeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Weina Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Wenzhu He
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Bowen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Shibin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Shufeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China of Agricultural Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China.
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Singh CK, Singh D, Sharma S, Chandra S, Tomar RSS, Kumar A, Upadhyaya KC, Pal M. Mechanistic Association of Quantitative Trait Locus with Malate Secretion in Lentil ( Lens culinaris Medikus) Seedlings under Aluminium Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081541. [PMID: 34451586 PMCID: PMC8400473 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity acts as a major delimiting factor in the productivity of many crops including lentil. To alleviate its effect, plants have evolved with Al exclusion and inclusion mechanisms. The former involves the exudation of organic acid to restrict the entry of Al3+ to the root cells while latter involves detoxification of entered Al3+ by organic acids. Al-induced secretion of organic acids from roots is a well-documented mechanism that chelates and neutralizes Al3+ toxicity. In this study, F6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between L-7903 (Al-resistant) and BM-4 (Al-sensitive) were phenotyped to assess variation in secretion levels of malate and was combined with genotypic data obtained from 10 Al-resistance linked simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers. A major quantitative trait loci (QTL) was mapped for malate (qAlt_ma) secretion with a logarithm of odd (LOD) value of 7.7 and phenotypic variation of 60.2%.Validated SSRs associated with this major QTL will be useful in marker assisted selection programmes for improving Al resistance in lentil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (C.K.S.); (S.S.)
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (C.K.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (M.P.); Tel.: +91-7011180774 (D.S.); +91-9868783354 (M.P.)
| | - Shristi Sharma
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (C.K.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Shivani Chandra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Ram Sewak Singh Tomar
- ICAR-National Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Arun Kumar
- National Phytotron Facility, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - K. C. Upadhyaya
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (M.P.); Tel.: +91-7011180774 (D.S.); +91-9868783354 (M.P.)
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Ribeiro AP, Vinecky F, Duarte KE, Santiago TR, das Chagas Noqueli Casari RA, Hell AF, da Cunha BADB, Martins PK, da Cruz Centeno D, de Oliveira Molinari PA, de Almeida Cançado GM, Magalhães JVD, Kobayashi AK, de Souza WR, Molinari HBC. Enhanced aluminum tolerance in sugarcane: evaluation of SbMATE overexpression and genome-wide identification of ALMTs in Saccharum spp. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:300. [PMID: 34187360 PMCID: PMC8240408 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major limiting factor for plant growth is the aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils, especially in tropical regions. The exclusion of Al from the root apex through root exudation of organic acids such as malate and citrate is one of the most ubiquitous tolerance mechanisms in the plant kingdom. Two families of anion channels that confer Al tolerance are well described in the literature, ALMT and MATE family. RESULTS In this study, sugarcane plants constitutively overexpressing the Sorghum bicolor MATE gene (SbMATE) showed improved tolerance to Al when compared to non-transgenic (NT) plants, characterized by sustained root growth and exclusion of aluminum from the root apex based on the result obtained with hematoxylin staining. In addition, genome-wide analysis of the recently released sugarcane genome identified 11 ALMT genes and molecular studies showed potential new targets for aluminum tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the transgenic plants overexpressing the Sorghum bicolor MATE has an improved tolerance to Al. The expression profile of ALMT genes revels potential candidate genes to be used has an alternative for agricultural expansion in Brazil and other areas with aluminum toxicity in poor and acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Ribeiro
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vinecky
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil
| | - Karoline Estefani Duarte
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 09606-045, Brazil
| | - Thaís Ribeiro Santiago
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil
- Phytopathology Department, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Forgatti Hell
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 09606-045, Brazil
| | | | - Polyana Kelly Martins
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil
| | - Danilo da Cruz Centeno
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 09606-045, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Wagner Rodrigo de Souza
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia, 70770-901, DF, Brazil.
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 09606-045, Brazil.
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Ambachew D, Blair MW. Genome Wide Association Mapping of Root Traits in the Andean Genepool of Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Grown With and Without Aluminum Toxicity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:628687. [PMID: 34249030 PMCID: PMC8269929 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.628687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Common bean is one of the most important grain legumes for human diets but is produced on marginal lands with unfavorable soil conditions; among which Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a serious and widespread problem. Under low pH, stable forms of Al dissolve into the soil solution and as phytotoxic ions inhibit the growth and function of roots through injury to the root apex. This results in a smaller root system that detrimentally effects yield. The goal of this study was to evaluate 227 genotypes from an Andean diversity panel (ADP) of common bean and determine the level of Al toxicity tolerance and candidate genes for this abiotic stress tolerance through root trait analysis and marker association studies. Plants were grown as seedlings in hydroponic tanks at a pH of 4.5 with a treatment of high Al concentration (50 μM) compared to a control (0 μM). The roots were harvested and scanned to determine average root diameter, root volume, root surface area, number of root links, number of root tips, and total root length. Percent reduction or increase was calculated for each trait by comparing treatments. Genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted by testing phenotypic data against single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker genotyping data for the panel. Principal components and a kinship matrix were included in the mixed linear model to correct for population structure. Analyses of variance indicated the presence of significant difference between genotypes. The heritability of traits ranged from 0.67 to 0.92 in Al-treated and reached similar values in non-treated plants. GWAS revealed significant associations between root traits and genetic markers on chromosomes Pv01, Pv04, Pv05, Pv06, and Pv11 with some SNPs contributing to more than one trait. Candidate genes near these loci were analyzed to explain the detected association and included an Al activated malate transporter gene and a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion gene. This study showed that polygenic inheritance was critical to aluminum toxicity tolerance in common beans roots. Candidate genes found suggested that exudation of malate and citrate as organic acids would be important for Al tolerance. Possible cross-talk between mechanisms of aluminum tolerance and resistance to other abiotic stresses are discussed.
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Chauhan DK, Yadav V, Vaculík M, Gassmann W, Pike S, Arif N, Singh VP, Deshmukh R, Sahi S, Tripathi DK. Aluminum toxicity and aluminum stress-induced physiological tolerance responses in higher plants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:715-730. [PMID: 33866893 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) precipitates in acidic soils having a pH < 5.5, in the form of conjugated organic and inorganic ions. Al-containing minerals solubilized in the soil solution cause several negative impacts in plants when taken up along with other nutrients. Moreover, a micromolar concentration of Al present in the soil is enough to induce several irreversible toxicity symptoms such as the rapid and transient over-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH), resulting in oxidative bursts. In addition, significant reductions in water and nutrient uptake occur which imposes severe stress in the plants. However, some plants have developed Al-tolerance by stimulating the secretion of organic acids like citrate, malate, and oxalate, from plant roots. Genes responsible for encoding such organic acids, play a critical role in Al tolerance. Several transporters involved in Al resistance mechanisms are members of the Aluminum-activated Malate Transporter (ALMT), Multidrug and Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE), ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC), Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp), and aquaporin gene families. Therefore, in the present review, the discussion of the global extension and probable cause of Al in the environment and mechanisms of Al toxicity in plants are followed by detailed emphasis on tolerance mechanisms. We have also identified and categorized the important transporters that secrete organic acids and outlined their role in Al stress tolerance mechanisms in crop plants. The information provided here will be helpful for efficient exploration of the available knowledge to develop Al tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Walter Gassmann
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sharon Pike
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Namira Arif
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Shivendra Sahi
- University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (USP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
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11
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Wang X, Cheng Y, Yang C, Yang C, Mu Y, Xia Q, Ma Q. QTL mapping for aluminum tolerance in RIL population of soybean (Glycine max L.) by RAD sequencing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223674. [PMID: 31661499 PMCID: PMC6818782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al3+) toxicity is a typical abiotic stress that severely limits crop production in acidic soils. In this study, an RIL (recombinant inbred line, F12) population derived from the cross of Zhonghuang 24 (ZH 24) and Huaxia 3 (HX 3) (160 lines) was tested using hydroponic cultivation. Relative root elongation (RRE) and apical Al3+ content (AAC) were evaluated for each line, and a significant negative correlation was detected between the two indicators. Based on a high-density genetic linkage map, the phenotypic data were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these traits. With composite interval mapping (CIM) of the linkage map, five QTLs that explained 39.65% of RRE and AAC variation were detected on chromosomes (Chrs) Gm04, Gm16, Gm17 and Gm19. Two new QTLs, qRRE_04 and qAAC_04, were located on the same region of bin93-bin94 on Chr Gm04, which explained 7.09% and 8.98% phenotypic variation, respectively. Furthermore, the results of the expression analysis of candidate genes in the five genetic regions of the QTLs showed that six genes (Glyma.04g218700, Glyma.04g212800, Glyma.04g213300, Glyma.04g217400, Glyma.04g216100 and Glyma.04g220600) exhibited significant differential expression between the Al3+ treatment and the control of two parents. The results of qRT-PCR analysis indicated that Glyma.04g218700 was upregulated by Al3+ treatment with the hundreds-fold increased expression level and may be a candidate gene with potential roles in the response to aluminum stress. Therefore, our efforts will enable future functional analysis of candidate genes and will contribute to the strategies for improvement of aluminum tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ce Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cunyi Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Mu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuju Xia
- The Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qibin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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12
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Pereira JF, Ryan PR. The role of transposable elements in the evolution of aluminium resistance in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:41-54. [PMID: 30325439 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity can severely reduce root growth and consequently affect plant development and yield. A mechanism by which many species resist the toxic effects of Al relies on the efflux of organic anions (OAs) from the root apices via OA transporters. Several of the genes encoding these OA transporters contain transposable elements (TEs) in the coding sequences or in flanking regions. Some of the TE-induced mutations impact Al resistance by modifying the level and/or location of gene expression so that OA efflux from the roots is increased. The importance of genomic modifications for improving the adaptation of plants to acid soils has been raised previously, but the growing number of examples linking TEs with these changes requires highlighting. Here, we review the role of TEs in creating genetic modifications that enhance the adaptation of plants to acid soils by increasing the release of OAs from the root apices. We argue that TEs have been an important source of beneficial mutations that have co-opted OA transporter proteins with other functions to perform this role. These changes have occurred relatively recently in the evolution of many species and likely facilitated their expansion into regions with acidic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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13
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Riaz M, Yan L, Wu X, Hussain S, Aziz O, Jiang C. Mechanisms of organic acids and boron induced tolerance of aluminum toxicity: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:25-35. [PMID: 30173023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is a major limiting abiotic factor for plant growth and productivity on acidic soils. The primary disorder of aluminum toxicity is the rapid cessation of root elongation. The root apex is the most sensitive part of this organ. Although significant literature evidence and hypothesis exist on aluminum toxicity, the explicit mechanism through which aluminum ceases root growth is still indefinable. The mechanisms of tolerance in plants have been the focus of intense research. Some plant species growing on acidic soils have developed tolerance mechanisms to overcome and mitigate aluminum toxicity, either by avoiding entry of Al3+ into roots (exclusion mechanism) or by being able to counterbalance toxic Al3+ engrossed by the root system (internal tolerance mechanism). Genes belonging to ALMT (Aluminum-activated malate transporter) and MATE (Multidrug and toxin compounds extrusion) have been identified that are involved in the aluminum-activated secretion of organic acids from roots. However, different plant species show different gene expression pattern. On the other hand, boron (B) (indispensable micronutrient) is a promising nutrient in the tolerance to aluminum toxicity. It not only hinders the adsorption of aluminum to the cell wall but also improves plant growth. This review mainly explains the critical roles of organic acid and B-induced tolerance to aluminum by summarizing the mechanisms of ALMT, MATE, internal detoxification, molecular traits and genetic engineering of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Lei Yan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Omar Aziz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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14
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Ryan PR, Dong D, Teuber F, Wendler N, Mühling KH, Liu J, Xu M, Salvador Moreno N, You J, Maurer HP, Horst WJ, Delhaize E. Assessing How the Aluminum-Resistance Traits in Wheat and Rye Transfer to Hexaploid and Octoploid Triticale. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1334. [PMID: 30374359 PMCID: PMC6196275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of aluminum (Al) resistance in wheat and rye involve the release of citrate and malate anions from the root apices. Many of the genes controlling these processes have been identified and their responses to Al treatment described in detail. This study investigated how the major Al resistance traits of wheat and rye are transferred to triticale (x Tritosecale Wittmack) which is a hybrid between wheat and rye. We generated octoploid and hexaploid triticale lines and compared them with the parental lines for their relative resistance to Al, organic anion efflux and expression of some of the genes encoding the transporters involved. We report that the strong Al resistance of rye was incompletely transferred to octoploid and hexaploid triticale. The wheat and rye parents contributed to the Al-resistance of octoploid triticale but the phenotypes were not additive. The Al resistance genes of hexaploid wheat, TaALMT1, and TaMATE1B, were more successfully expressed in octoploid triticale than the Al resistance genes in rye tested, ScALMT1 and ScFRDL2. This study demonstrates that an important stress-tolerance trait derived from hexaploid wheat was expressed in octoploid triticale. Since most commercial triticale lines are largely hexaploid types it would be beneficial to develop techniques to generate genetically-stable octoploid triticale material. This would enable other useful traits that are present in hexaploid but not tetraploid wheat, to be transferred to triticale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Dengfeng Dong
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Felix Teuber
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Neele Wendler
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karl H. Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Muyun Xu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Naike Salvador Moreno
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jiangfeng You
- Laboratory of Soil and Plant Molecular Genetics, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hans-Peter Maurer
- State Plant Breeding Institute, Universitaet Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter J. Horst
- Institute for Plant Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
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15
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Magalhaes JV, Piñeros MA, Maciel LS, Kochian LV. Emerging Pleiotropic Mechanisms Underlying Aluminum Resistance and Phosphorus Acquisition on Acidic Soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1420. [PMID: 30319678 PMCID: PMC6168647 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity on acidic soils significantly damages plant roots and inhibits root growth. Hence, crops intoxicated by Al become more sensitive to drought stress and mineral nutrient deficiencies, particularly phosphorus (P) deficiency, which is highly unavailable on tropical soils. Advances in our understanding of the physiological and genetic mechanisms that govern plant Al resistance have led to the identification of Al resistance genes, both in model systems and in crop species. It has long been known that Al resistance has a beneficial effect on crop adaptation to acidic soils. This positive effect happens because the root systems of Al resistant plants show better development in the presence of soil ionic Al3+ and are, consequently, more efficient in absorbing sub-soil water and mineral nutrients. This effect of Al resistance on crop production, by itself, warrants intensified efforts to develop and implement, on a breeding scale, modern selection strategies to profit from the knowledge of the molecular determinants of plant Al resistance. Recent studies now suggest that Al resistance can exert pleiotropic effects on P acquisition, potentially expanding the role of Al resistance on crop adaptation to acidic soils. This appears to occur via both organic acid (OA)- and non-OA transporters governing a joint, iron-dependent interplay between Al resistance and enhanced P uptake, via changes in root system architecture. Current research suggests this interplay to be part of a P stress response, suggesting that this mechanism could have evolved in crop species to improve adaptation to acidic soils. Should this pleiotropism prove functional in crop species grown on acidic soils, molecular breeding based on Al resistance genes may have a much broader impact on crop performance than previously anticipated. To explore this possibility, here we review the components of this putative effect of Al resistance genes on P stress responses and P nutrition to provide the foundation necessary to discuss the recent evidence suggesting pleiotropy as a genetic linkage between Al resistance and P efficiency. We conclude by exploring what may be needed to enhance the utilization of Al resistance genes to improve crop production on acidic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurandir V. Magalhaes
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Miguel A. Piñeros
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Laiane S. Maciel
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leon V. Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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16
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Singh CK, Singh D, Tomar RSS, Karwa S, Upadhyaya KC, Pal M. Molecular mapping of aluminium resistance loci based on root re-growth and Al-induced fluorescent signals (callose accumulation) in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2103-2113. [PMID: 30218353 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of aluminium (Al) resistant genotypes through molecular breeding is a major approach for increasing seed yield under acidic conditions. There are no available reports on mapping of Al resistance loci and molecular breeding for Al resistant varieties in lentil. The present study reports a major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Al resistance using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in F2 and F3 mapping populations derived from contrasting parents. Phenotypic response to Al was measured on the bases of root re-growth (RRG), fluorescent signals (callose accumulation) and Al contents in hydroponic assay. After screening 495 SSR markers to search polymorphism between two contrasting parents, 73 polymorphic markers were used for bulk segregation analysis. Two major QTLs were identified using seven trait linked markers, one each for fluorescent signals and RRG mapped on linkage group (LG) 1 under Al stress conditions in F2 mapping population of cross BM-4 × L-4602. One major QTL (qAlt_fs) was localised between PLC_88 and PBA_LC_373, covering 25.9 cM with adjacent marker PLC_88 at a distance of 0.4 cM. Another major QTL (qAlt_rrg) for RRG was in the marker interval of PBA_LC_1247 and PLC_51, covering a distance of 45.7 cM with nearest marker PBA_LC_1247 at a distance of 21.2 cM. Similarly, in F3 families of BM-4 × L-4602 and BM-4 × L-7903, LG-1 was extended to 285.9 and 216.4 cM respectively, having four newly developed genic-SSR markers. These QTLs had a logarithm of odd (LOD) value of 140.5 and 28.8 along with phenotypic variation of 52% and 11% for fluorescent signals and RRG respectively, whereas, qAlt_rrg had LOD of 36 and phenotypic variance of 25% in F3 population of BM-4 × L-4602. Two major QTLs identified in the present study can be further dissected for candidate gene discovery and development of molecular markers for breeding improved varieties with high Al resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
| | | | - Sourabh Karwa
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - K C Upadhyaya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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17
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Tao Y, Niu Y, Wang Y, Chen T, Naveed SA, Zhang J, Xu J, Li Z. Genome-wide association mapping of aluminum toxicity tolerance and fine mapping of a candidate gene for Nrat1 in rice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198589. [PMID: 29894520 PMCID: PMC5997306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) stress is becoming the major limiting factor in crop production in acidic soils. Rice has been reported as the most Al-tolerant crop and the capacity of Al toxicity tolerance is generally evaluated by comparing root growth under Al stress. Here, we performed an association mapping of Al toxicity tolerance using a core collection of 211 indica rice accessions with 700 K high quality SNP data. A total of 21 putative QTL affecting shoot height (SH), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and shoot water content (SWC) were identified at seedling stage, including three QTL detected only under control condition, eight detected only under Al stress condition, ten simultaneously detected in both control and Al stress conditions, and seven were identified by stress tolerance index of their corresponding traits. Total of 21 candidate genes for 7 important QTL regions associated with Al toxicity tolerance were identified based on combined haplotype analysis and functional annotation, and the most likely candidate gene(s) for each important QTL were also discussed. Also a candidate gene Nrat1 on chromosome 2 was further fine-mapped using BSA-seq and linkage analysis in the F2 population derived from the cross of Al tolerant accession CC105 and super susceptible accession CC180. A new non-synonymous SNP variation was observed at Nrat1 between CC105 and CC180, which resulted in an amino-acid substitution from Ala (A) in CC105 to Asp (D) in CC180. Haplotype analysis of Nrat1 using 327 3K RGP accessions indicated that minor allele variations in aus and indica subpopulations decreased Al toxicity tolerance in rice. The candidate genes identified in this study provide valuable information for improvement of Al toxicity tolerance in rice. Our research indicated that minor alleles are important for QTL mapping and its application in rice breeding when natural gene resources are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Tao
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Niu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxiao Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shahzad Amir Naveed
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Breeding and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Breeding and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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18
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Jaskowiak J, Tkaczyk O, Slota M, Kwasniewska J, Szarejko I. Analysis of aluminum toxicity in Hordeum vulgare roots with an emphasis on DNA integrity and cell cycle. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193156. [PMID: 29466444 PMCID: PMC5821363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Barley is one of the cereals that are most sensitive to aluminum (Al). Al in acid soils limits barley growth and development and, as a result, its productivity. The inhibition of root growth is a widely accepted indicator of Al stress. Al toxicity is affected by many factors including the culture medium, pH, Al concentration and the duration of the treatment. However, Al can act differently in different species and still Al toxicity in barley deserves study. Since the mechanism of Al toxicity is discussed we cytogenetically describe the effects of different doses of bioavailable Al on the barley nuclear genome-mitotic activity, cell cycle profile and DNA integrity. At the same time, we tested an established deep-water culture (DWC) hydroponics system and analyzed the effects of Al on the root system parameters using WinRHIZO software. We demonstrated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of Al in barley root cells. We showed that Al treatment significantly reduced the mitotic activity of the root tip cells and it also induced micronuclei and damaged nuclei. The DNA-damaging effect of Al was observed using the TUNEL test. We define the inhibitory influence of Al on DNA replication in barley. Analysis with the labelling and detection of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridin (EdU) showed that the treatment with Al significantly decreased the frequency of S phase cells. We also demonstrated that Al exposure led to changes in the cell cycle profile of barley root tips. The delay of cell divisions observed as increased frequency of cells in G2/M phase after Al treatment was reported using flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jaskowiak
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Oliver Tkaczyk
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michal Slota
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kwasniewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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19
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Azeem W, Ashraf M, Shahzad SM, Imtiaz M, Akhtar M, Rizwan MS. Phosphate-arsenate relations to affect arsenic concentration in plant tissues, growth, and antioxidant efficiency of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under arsenic stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24376-24386. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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20
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Ferreira JR, Faria BF, Comar M, Delatorre CA, Minella E, Pereira JF. Is a non-synonymous SNP in the HvAACT1 coding region associated with acidic soil tolerance in barley? Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:480-490. [PMID: 28486573 PMCID: PMC5488463 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The barley HvAACT1 gene codes for a citrate transporter associated with tolerance to acidic soil. In this report, we describe a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the HvAACT1 coding region that was detected as T-1,198 (in genotypes with lower root growth on acidic soil) or G-1,198 (greater root growth) and resulted in a single amino acid change (L/V-172). Molecular dynamic analysis predicted that HvAACT1 proteins with L or V-172 were stable, although the substitution led to structural changes within the protein. To evaluate the effect of the SNP on tolerance to acidic soil, barley accessions were separated into haplotypes based on the presence of a 1 kb insertion in the HvAACT1 promoter and a 21 bp insertion/deletion. These markers and the SNP-1,198 allowed the identification of five haplotypes. Short-term soil experiments showed no difference in root growth for most of the accessions containing the 21 bp insertion and T or G-1,198. In contrast, genotypes showing both the 21 bp deletion and G-1,198, with one of them having the 1 kb insertion, showed greater root growth. These results indicate that the SNP was not advantageous or deleterious when genotypes from the same haplotype were compared. The occurrence of the SNP was highly correlated with the 21 bp insertion/deletion that, together with the 1 kb insertion, explained most of the barley tolerance to acidic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Rosset Ferreira
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Franciele Faria
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rey, 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Moacyr Comar
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rey, 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla Andréa Delatorre
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Fernando Pereira
- Embrapa Trigo, 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.,Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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21
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Raman H, Raman R, McVittie B, Orchard B, Qiu Y, Delourme R. A Major Locus for Manganese Tolerance Maps on Chromosome A09 in a Doubled Haploid Population of Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1952. [PMID: 29312361 PMCID: PMC5733045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidity poses a major threat to productivity of several crops; mainly due to the prevalence of toxic levels of Al3+ and Mn2+. Crop productivity could be harnessed on acid soils via the development of plant varieties tolerant to phytotoxic levels of these cations. In this study, we investigated the extent of natural variation for Mn2+ tolerance among ten parental lines of the Australian and International canola mapping populations. Response to Mn2+ toxicity was measured on the bases of cotyledon chlorosis, shoot biomass, and leaf area in nutrient solution under control (9 μM of MnCl2⋅4H2O) and Mn treatment (125 μM of MnCl2⋅4H2O). Among parental lines, we selected Darmor-bzh and Yudal that showed significant and contrasting variation in Mn2+ tolerance to understand genetic control and identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying Mn2+ tolerance. We evaluated parental lines and their doubled haploid (DH) progenies (196 lines) derived from an F1 cross, Darmor-bzh/Yudal for Mn2+ tolerance. Mn2+-tolerant genotypes had significantly higher shoot biomass and leaf area compared to Mn2+-sensitive genotypes. A genetic linkage map based on 7,805 DArTseq markers corresponding to 2,094 unique loci was constructed and further utilized for QTL identification. A major locus, BnMn2+.A09 was further mapped with a SNP marker, Bn-A09-p29012402 (LOD score of 34.6) accounting for most of the variation in Mn2+ tolerance on chromosome A09. This is the first report on the genomic localization of a Mn2+ tolerance locus in B. napus. Additionally, an ortholog of A. thaliana encoding for cation efflux facilitator transporter was located within 3,991 bp from significant SNP marker associated with BnMn2+.A09. A suite of genome sequence based markers (DArTseq and Illumina Infinium SNPs) flanking the BnMn2+.A09 locus would provide an invaluable tool for various molecular breeding applications to improve canola production and profitability on Mn2+ toxic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Raman
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Harsh Raman,
| | - Rosy Raman
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett McVittie
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Beverley Orchard
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Yu Qiu
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Regine Delourme
- INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, UMR1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et de Protection des Plantes, Le Rheu, France
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Zhang L, Wu XX, Wang J, Qi C, Wang X, Wang G, Li M, Li X, Guo YD. BoALMT1, an Al-Induced Malate Transporter in Cabbage, Enhances Aluminum Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2156. [PMID: 29410672 PMCID: PMC5787101 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is present in approximately 50% of the arable land worldwide and is regarded as the main limiting factor of crop yield on acidic soil. Al-induced root malate efflux plays an important role in the Al tolerance of plants. Here, the aluminum induced malate transporter BoALMT1 (KF322104) was cloned from cabbage (Brassica oleracea). BoALMT1 showed higher expression in roots than in shoots. The expression of BoALMT1 was specifically induced by Al treatment, but not the trivalent cations lanthanum (La), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), or copper (Cu). Subcellular localization studies were performed in onion epidermal cells and revealed that BoALMT1 was localized at the plasma membrane. Scanning Ion-selective Electrode Technique was used to analyze H+ flux. Xenopus oocytes and Arabidopsis thaliana expressing BoALMT1 excreted more H+ under Al treatment. Overexpressing BoALMT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced Al tolerance and increased malate secretion. The results suggested that BoALMT1 functions as an Al-resistant gene and encodes a malate transporter. Expressing BoALMT1 in Xenopus oocytes or A. thaliana indicated that BoALMT1 could increase malate secretion and H+ efflux to resist Al tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuandong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gongle Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingsheng Li
- Shandong Huasheng Agriculture Co. Ltd, Shandong, China
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang-Dong Guo
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Ahmed IM, Nadira UA, Cao F, He X, Zhang G, Wu F. Physiological and molecular analysis on root growth associated with the tolerance to aluminum and drought individual and combined in Tibetan wild and cultivated barley. PLANTA 2016; 243:973-85. [PMID: 26748913 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The drought-stimulated gene expression of NCED, SUS, and KS - DHN and ABA signal cross-talk with other phytohormones maintains barley root growth under drought stress at pH 4.0 plus polyethylene glycol plus aluminum. Aluminum (Al) toxicity and drought are two major factors that limit barley production. In this work, the individual and combined effects of Al/acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) induced drought stress that suppressed root growth and caused oxidative damage as characterized by increased H2O2 and O2(.-) accumulation. The wild-barley genotypes, XZ5 and XZ29, exhibited a higher tolerance than the two cultivars Dayton (Al tolerant) and Tadmor (drought tolerant) under combined stress (pH 4.0 + PEG + Al). The oxidative damage induced by PEG was more severe at pH 4.0 than at pH 6.0. In XZ29, the highest root secretion of malate and citrate was recorded, and the least Al uptake in the four genotypes. In XZ5, a peak accumulation of ABA and minor synthesis of zeatin riboside and ethylene were found being essential in maintaining primary root elongation and root hair development. PEG-induced drought stress repressed Al uptake in root tips, with a lower increase in callose formation and HvMATE (Hordeum vulgare multidrug and toxic compound exudation) expression compared to Al-induced callose production. Stress by pH 4.0 + PEG + Al up-regulated 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) which is involved in ABA biosynthesis. Such treatment stimulated the regulation of ABA-dependent genes sucrose synthase (SUS) and KS-type dehydrin (KS-DHN) in root tips. Our results suggest that the tolerance ranking to pH 4.0 + PEG + Al stress in Tibetan wild barley by gene expression is closely correlated to physiological indices. The results show that acclimatisation to pH 4.0 + PEG + Al stress involves specific responses in XZ5 and XZ29. The present study provides insights into the effects of Al/acid and drought combined stress on the abundance of physiological indices in the roots of barley varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Umme Aktari Nadira
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Ferreira JR, Pereira JF, Turchetto C, Minella E, Consoli L, Delatorre CA. Assessment of genetic diversity in Brazilian barley using SSR markers. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:86-96. [PMID: 27007902 PMCID: PMC4807376 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is a major cereal grown widely and used in several food products, beverage production and animal fodder. Genetic diversity is a key component in breeding programs. We have analyzed the genetic diversity of barley accessions using microsatellite markers. The accessions were composed of wild and domesticated barley representing genotypes from six countries and three breeding programs in Brazil. A total of 280 alleles were detected, 36 unique to Brazilian barley. The marker Bmag120 showed the greatest polymorphism information content (PIC), with the highest mean value found on chromosome three, and the lowest on chromosomes four and six. The wild accessions presented the highest diversity followed by the foreign genotypes. Genetic analysis was performed using Principal Coordinates Analysis, UPGMA clustering, and Bayesian clustering analysis implemented in Structure. All results obtained by the different methods were similar. Loss of genetic diversity has occurred in Brazilian genotypes. The number of alleles detected in genotypes released in 1980s was higher, whereas most of the cultivars released thereafter showed lower PIC and clustered in separate subgroups from the older cultivars. The use of a more diverse panel of genotypes should be considered in order to exploit novel alleles in Brazilian barley breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Rosset Ferreira
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Carla Andréa Delatorre
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Ma Y, Li C, Ryan PR, Shabala S, You J, Liu J, Liu C, Zhou M. A new allele for aluminium tolerance gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). BMC Genomics 2016; 17:186. [PMID: 26944410 PMCID: PMC4779196 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminium (Al) toxicity is the main factor limiting the crop production in acid soils and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most Al-sensitive of the small-grained cereals. The major gene for Al tolerance in barley is HvAACT1 (HvMATE) on chromosome 4H which encodes a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) protein. The HvAACT1 protein facilitates the Al-activated release of citrate from root apices which protects the growing cells and enables root elongation to continue. A 1 kb transposable element-like insert in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of HvAACT1 is associated with increased gene expression and tolerance and a PCR-based marker is available to score for this insertion. RESULTS We screened a wide range of barley genotypes for Al tolerance and identified a moderately tolerant Chinese genotype named CXHKSL which did not show the typical allele in the 5' UTR of HvAACT1 associated with tolerance. We investigated the mechanism of Al tolerance in CXHKSL and concluded it also relies on the Al-activated release of citrate from roots. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of double haploid lines generated with CXHKSL and the Al-sensitive variety Gairdner mapped the tolerance locus to the same region as HvAACT1 on chromosome 4H. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the Chinese barley genotype CXHKSL possesses a novel allele of the major Al tolerance gene HvAACT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ma
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS, 7249, Australia.
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS, 7249, Australia.
| | - Jianfeng You
- CSIRO Agriculture, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Jie Liu
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS, 7249, Australia.
- CSIRO Agriculture, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Chunji Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia.
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS, 7249, Australia.
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Bian M, Jin X, Broughton S, Zhang XQ, Zhou G, Zhou M, Zhang G, Sun D, Li C. A new allele of acid soil tolerance gene from a malting barley variety. BMC Genet 2015. [PMID: 26219378 PMCID: PMC4518660 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acid soil is a serious limitation to crop production all over the world. Toxic aluminium (Al) cations in acid soil inhibit root growth and reduce yield. Although a gene tolerant to acid soil has been identified, it has not been used in malting barley breeding, which is partly due to the acid soil tolerance gene being linked to unfavorable malting quality traits. Results A Brazilian malting barley variety Br2 was identified as tolerant to acid soil. A doubled haploid (DH) population was developed from a cross between Br2 and the Australian acid-sensitive cultivar Hamelin. The DH population was tested for acid soil tolerance in native acid soil and a hydroponic system with pH 4.2, pH 4.2 + Al or pH 6.5, and genotyped using SSR, DArT and gene-specific markers. A single QTL was detected for all parameters related to acid soil tolerance. The QTL was mapped to the known HvMATE location on chromosome 4H. Sequence alignment of the HvMATE gene identified 13 INDELs and 87 SNPs, where one SNP coded for a single amino acid difference between the two varieties. A gene-specific marker was developed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphism between Hamelin and Br2. This marker co-segregated with aluminium tolerance and accounted for 79 % of phenotypic variation for acid soil tolerance. Conclusion The present study identified a novel source of acid soil/Al tolerance from a Brazilian malting barley cultivar Br2. This variety tolerated Al toxicity but was sensitive to low pH which is similar to most other Al-tolerant varieties. A gene-specific marker Cit7 was developed based on the HvMATE gene sequence. Cit7 will improve the efficiency of molecular-assisted selection of new barley varieties with tolerance to acid soil. Multiple alleles exist for the acid soil tolerance gene on chromosome 4H, so a malting barley variety that tolerates acid soil could be developed by selecting suitable tolerant alleles. Tolerance to low pH may play an important role for barley to adapt to acid soils. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0254-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Bian
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Sue Broughton
- Department of Agriculture & Food WA, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia.
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Gaofeng Zhou
- Department of Agriculture & Food WA, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia.
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS, 7249, Australia.
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dongfa Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Chengdao Li
- Department of Agriculture & Food WA, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia. .,Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Contreras R, Figueiras AM, Gallego FJ, Benito C. Brachypodium distachyon: a model species for aluminium tolerance in Poaceae. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2014; 41:1270-1283. [PMID: 32481076 DOI: 10.1071/fp13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity is the main abiotic stress limiting plant productivity in acidic soils. Studies on Al tolerance have been conducted in Poaceae but their genomes are very complex. Fifty-nine diploid lines (2n=10) of Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv. and 37 allotetraploid samples (2n=30) of Brachypodium hybridum Catalán, Joch. Müll., Hasterok & Jenkins sp. nov. were used to evaluate their tolerance to different Al concentrations. B. distachyon is Al-sensitive compared with oat, rice and rye. The diploid lines (except ABR8) were sensitive like barley and Arabidopsis; however, 10 allotetraploid samples were Al-tolerant. Four different root-staining methods were used to detect Al accumulation, cell death, lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production in diploid and allotetraploid plants. The roots treated with Al showed more intense staining in sensitive than tolerant lines. Also, without any staining, the Al treated roots of sensitive plants appear darker than roots from tolerant ones. The study concerning to the organic acids exudation shows that the exudation of citrate and malate was induced only in the roots from tolerant diploid line (ABR8) and tolerant allotetraploid samples. In contrast, the mRNA expression changes of several candidate genes for Al-activated transporters belonging to the ALMT and MATE families were analysed by quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The data obtained indicate that the transcripts from BdALMT1, BdMATE1 and BdMATE2 were present mainly in roots and, moreover, that the BdALMT1 transcript is present in higher amounts in the tolerant ABR8 than in the sensitive ABR1 plants indicating that this gene may be involved in Al tolerance. Finally, an insertion was detected in the promoter region of the BdALMT1 of tolerant diploid and allotetraploid plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Contreras
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Figueiras
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Gallego
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar Benito
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Ryan PR, James RA, Weligama C, Delhaize E, Rattey A, Lewis DC, Bovill WD, McDonald G, Rathjen TM, Wang E, Fettell NA, Richardson AE. Can citrate efflux from roots improve phosphorus uptake by plants? Testing the hypothesis with near-isogenic lines of wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:230-42. [PMID: 24433537 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency in some plant species triggers the release of organic anions such as citrate and malate from roots. These anions are widely suggested to enhance the availability of phosphate for plant uptake by mobilizing sparingly-soluble forms in the soil. Carazinho is an old wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar from Brazil, which secretes citrate constitutively from its root apices, and here we show that it also produces relatively more biomass on soils with low P availability than two recent Australian cultivars that lack citrate efflux. To test whether citrate efflux explains this phenotype, we generated two sets of near-isogenic lines that differ in citrate efflux and compared their biomass production in different soil types and with different P treatments in glasshouse experiments and field trials. Citrate efflux improved relative biomass production in two of six glasshouse trials but only at the lowest P treatments where growth was most severely limited by P availability. Furthermore, citrate efflux provided no consistent advantage for biomass production or yield in multiple field trials. Theoretical modeling indicates that the effectiveness of citrate efflux in mobilizing soil P is greater as the volume of soil into which it diffuses increases. As efflux from these wheat plants is restricted to the root apices, the potential for citrate to mobilize sufficient P to increase shoot biomass may be limited. We conclude that Carazinho has other attributes that contribute to its comparatively good performance in low-P soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Zhou G, Pereira JF, Delhaize E, Zhou M, Magalhaes JV, Ryan PR. Enhancing the aluminium tolerance of barley by expressing the citrate transporter genes SbMATE and FRD3. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:2381-90. [PMID: 24692647 PMCID: PMC4036506 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Malate and citrate efflux from root apices is a mechanism of Al(3+) tolerance in many plant species. Citrate efflux is facilitated by members of the MATE (multidrug and toxic compound exudation) family localized to the plasma membrane of root cells. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is among the most Al(3+)-sensitive cereal species but the small genotypic variation in tolerance that is present is correlated with citrate efflux via a MATE transporter named HvAACT1. This study used a biotechnological approach to increase the Al(3+) tolerance of barley by transforming it with two MATE genes that encode citrate transporters: SbMATE is the major Al(3+)-tolerance gene from sorghum whereas FRD3 is involved with Fe nutrition in Arabidopsis. Independent transgenic and null T3 lines were generated for both transgenes. Lines expressing SbMATE showed Al(3+)-activated citrate efflux from root apices and greater tolerance to Al(3+) toxicity than nulls in hydroponic and short-term soil trials. Transgenic lines expressing FRD3 exhibited similar phenotypes except citrate release from roots occurred constitutively. The Al(3+) tolerance of these lines was compared with previously generated transgenic barley lines overexpressing the endogenous HvAACT1 gene and the TaALMT1 gene from wheat. Barley lines expressing TaALMT1 showed significantly greater Al(3+) tolerance than all lines expressing MATE genes. This study highlights the relative efficacy of different organic anion transport proteins for increasing the Al(3+) tolerance of an important crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Australia CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jorge F Pereira
- Embrapa Wheat, Rodovia BR 285 km 294, CEP 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Australia
| | - Jurandir V Magalhaes
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, Rod. MG 424, Km 65, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Dai H, Zhao J, Ahmed IM, Cao F, Chen ZH, Zhang G, Li C, Wu F. Differences in physiological features associated with aluminum tolerance in Tibetan wild and cultivated barleys. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 75:36-44. [PMID: 24361508 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant production in acid soils. Wild barley germplasm is a treasure trove of useful genes and offers rich sources of genetic variation for crop improvement. Al-stress-hydroponic-experiments were performed, and the physiochemical characteristic of two contrasting Tibetan wild barley genotypes (Al-resistant XZ16 and Al-sensitive XZ61) and Al-resistant cv. Dayton were compared. Ultrastructure of chloroplasts and root cells in XZ16 was less injured than that in Dayton and XZ61. Moreover, XZ16 secreted significantly more malate besides citrate and exhibited less Al uptake and distribution than both of XZ61 and Dayton in response to Al stress, simultaneously maintained higher H⁺-, Ca²⁺Mg²⁺- and total-ATPase activities over XZ61. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide reduced citrate secretion from XZ16, but not from Dayton. In Tibetan wild barley, our findings highlight the significant correlations between Al tolerance, ATPase activity and citrate secretion, providing some insights into the physiological basis for Al-detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Dai
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Campus, University of Western Sydney, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Department of Agriculture, Government of Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth WA6151, Australia.
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Bian M, Zhou M, Sun D, Li C. Molecular approaches unravel the mechanism of acid soil tolerance in plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mendes R, Garbeva P, Raaijmakers JM. The rhizosphere microbiome: significance of plant beneficial, plant pathogenic, and human pathogenic microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2013; 37:634-63. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1382] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Zhou G, Delhaize E, Zhou M, Ryan PR. The barley MATE gene, HvAACT1, increases citrate efflux and Al(3+) tolerance when expressed in wheat and barley. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 112:603-12. [PMID: 23798600 PMCID: PMC3718223 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Aluminium is toxic in acid soils because the soluble Al(3+) inhibits root growth. A mechanism of Al(3+) tolerance discovered in many plant species involves the release of organic anions from root apices. The Al(3+)-activated release of citrate from the root apices of Al(3+)-tolerant genotypes of barley is controlled by a MATE gene named HvAACT1 that encodes a citrate transport protein located on the plasma membrane. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expressing HvAACT1 with a constitutive promoter in barley and wheat can increase citrate efflux and Al(3+) tolerance of these important cereal species. METHODS HvAACT1 was over-expressed in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) using the maize ubiquitin promoter. Root apices of transgenic and control lines were analysed for HvAACT1 expression and organic acid efflux. The Al(3+) tolerance of transgenic and control lines was assessed in both hydroponic solution and acid soil. KEY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Increased HvAACT1 expression in both cereal species was associated with increased citrate efflux from root apices and enhanced Al(3+) tolerance, thus demonstrating that biotechnology can complement traditional breeding practices to increase the Al(3+) tolerance of important crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Australia
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | | | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, TAS 7249, Australia
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | - Peter R. Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Cai S, Wu D, Jabeen Z, Huang Y, Huang Y, Zhang G. Genome-wide association analysis of aluminum tolerance in cultivated and Tibetan wild barley. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69776. [PMID: 23922796 PMCID: PMC3724880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibetan wild barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. spontaneum), originated and grown in harsh enviroNment in Tibet, is well-known for its rich germpalsm with high tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, the genetic variation and genes involved in Al tolerance are not totally known for the wild barley. In this study, a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed by using four root parameters related with Al tolerance and 469 DArT markers on 7 chromosomes within or across 110 Tibetan wild accessions and 56 cultivated cultivars. Population structure and cluster analysis revealed that a wide genetic diversity was present in Tibetan wild barley. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decayed more rapidly in Tibetan wild barley (9.30 cM) than cultivated barley (11.52 cM), indicating that GWAS may provide higher resolution in the Tibetan group. Two novel Tibetan group-specific loci, bpb-9458 and bpb-8524 were identified, which were associated with relative longest root growth (RLRG), located at 2H and 7H on barely genome, and could explain 12.9% and 9.7% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Moreover, a common locus bpb-6949, localized 0.8 cM away from a candidate gene HvMATE, was detected in both wild and cultivated barleys, and showed significant association with total root growth (TRG). The present study highlights that Tibetan wild barley could provide elite germplasm novel genes for barley Al-tolerant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguan Cai
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zahra Jabeen
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yechang Huang
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Seguel A, Cumming JR, Klugh-Stewart K, Cornejo P, Borie F. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizas in decreasing aluminium phytotoxicity in acidic soils: a review. MYCORRHIZA 2013; 23:167-83. [PMID: 23328806 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-013-0479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidity is an impediment to agricultural production on a significant portion of arable land worldwide. Low productivity of these soils is mainly due to nutrient limitation and the presence of high levels of aluminium (Al), which causes deleterious effects on plant physiology and growth. In response to acidic soil stress, plants have evolved various mechanisms to tolerate high concentrations of Al in the soil solution. These strategies for Al detoxification include mechanisms that reduce the activity of Al3+ and its toxicity, either externally through exudation of Al-chelating compounds such as organic acids into the rhizosphere or internally through the accumulation of Al-organic acid complexes sequestered within plant cells. Additionally, root colonization by symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi increases plant resistance to acidity and phytotoxic levels of Al in the soil environment. In this review, the role of the AM symbiosis in increasing the Al resistance of plants in natural and agricultural ecosystems under phytotoxic conditions of Al is discussed. Mechanisms of Al resistance induced by AM fungi in host plants and variation in resistance among AM fungi that contribute to detoxifying Al in the rhizosphere environment are considered with respect to altering Al bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Seguel
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
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Tovkach A, Ryan PR, Richardson AE, Lewis DC, Rathjen TM, Ramesh S, Tyerman SD, Delhaize E. Transposon-mediated alteration of TaMATE1B expression in wheat confers constitutive citrate efflux from root apices. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 161:880-92. [PMID: 23204428 PMCID: PMC3561026 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.207142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The TaMATE1B gene (for multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) from wheat (Triticum aestivum) was isolated and shown to encode a citrate transporter that is located on the plasma membrane. TaMATE1B expression in roots was induced by iron deficiency but not by phosphorus deficiency or aluminum treatment. The coding region of TaMATE1B was identical in a genotype showing citrate efflux from root apices (cv Carazinho) to one that lacked citrate efflux (cv Egret). However, sequence upstream of the coding region differed between these two genotypes in two ways. The first difference was a single-nucleotide polymorphism located approximately 2 kb upstream from the start codon in cv Egret. The second difference was an 11.1-kb transposon-like element located 25 bp upstream of the start codon in cv Carazinho that was absent from cv Egret. The influence of these polymorphisms on TaMATE1B expression was investigated using fusions to green fluorescent protein expressed in transgenic lines of rice (Oryza sativa). Fluorescence measurements in roots of rice indicated that 1.5- and 2.3-kb regions upstream of TaMATE1B in cv Carazinho (which incorporated 3' regions of the transposon-like element) generated 20-fold greater expression in the apical 1 mm of root compared with the native promoter in cv Egret. By contrast, fluorescence in more mature tissues was similar in both cultivars. The presence of the single-nucleotide polymorphism alone consistently generated 2-fold greater fluorescence than the cv Egret promoter. We conclude that the transposon-like element in cv Carazinho extends TaMATE1B expression to the root apex, where it confers citrate efflux and enhanced aluminum tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Tovkach
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Peter R. Ryan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Alan E. Richardson
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - David C. Lewis
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Tina M. Rathjen
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Sunita Ramesh
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Stephen D. Tyerman
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
| | - Emmanuel Delhaize
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (A.T., P.R.R., A.E.R., D.C.L., T.M.R., E.D.); and School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.R., S.D.T.)
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Yang LT, Qi YP, Jiang HX, Chen LS. Roles of organic acid anion secretion in aluminium tolerance of higher plants. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:173682. [PMID: 23509687 PMCID: PMC3591170 DOI: 10.1155/2013/173682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 30% of the world's total land area and over 50% of the world's potential arable lands are acidic. Furthermore, the acidity of the soils is gradually increasing as a result of the environmental problems including some farming practices and acid rain. At mildly acidic or neutral soils, aluminium (Al) occurs primarily as insoluble deposits and is essentially biologically inactive. However, in many acidic soils throughout the tropics and subtropics, Al toxicity is a major factor limiting crop productivity. The Al-induced secretion of organic acid (OA) anions, mainly citrate, oxalate, and malate, from roots is the best documented mechanism of Al tolerance in higher plants. Increasing evidence shows that the Al-induced secretion of OA anions may be related to the following several factors, including (a) anion channels or transporters, (b) internal concentrations of OA anions in plant tissues, (d) temperature, (e) root plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase, (f) magnesium (Mg), and (e) phosphorus (P). Genetically modified plants and cells with higher Al tolerance by overexpressing genes for the secretion and the biosynthesis of OA anions have been obtained. In addition, some aspects needed to be further studied are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tong Yang
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Horticultural Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi-Ping Qi
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Huan-Xin Jiang
- Institute of Horticultural Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Horticultural Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Silva-Navas J, Benito C, Téllez-Robledo B, Abd El-Moneim D, Gallego FJ. The ScAACT1 gene at the Q alt5 locus as a candidate for increased aluminum tolerance in rye (Secale cereale L.). MOLECULAR BREEDING 2012; 30:845-856. [DOI: 10.1007/s11032-011-9668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Delhaize E, Ma JF, Ryan PR. Transcriptional regulation of aluminium tolerance genes. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 17:341-8. [PMID: 22459757 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent aluminium (Al(3+)) is the major toxin encountered by plants on acid soils. These cations inhibit root growth by damaging cells at the root apex. The physiology and genetics of Al(3+) tolerance mechanisms involving organic anion efflux from roots have now been investigated in a range of species. Over the past decade, genes encoding these and other newly discovered mechanisms of tolerance have been cloned. In this review, we describe the genes controlling the genotypic variation in Al(3+) tolerance for several important crop species. We focus on recent insights into the transcriptional regulation of these and other genes involved in Al(3+) tolerance and discuss the pathways coordinating their expression in Arabidopsis and rice.
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40
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Sugiyama A, Yazaki K. Root Exudates of Legume Plants and Their Involvement in Interactions with Soil Microbes. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23047-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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41
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Raman H, Stodart B, Ryan PR, Delhaize E, Emebiri L, Raman R, Coombes N, Milgate A. Genome-wide association analyses of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm identifies multiple loci for aluminium resistance. Genome 2011; 53:957-66. [PMID: 21076511 DOI: 10.1139/g10-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al3+) toxicity restricts productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops grown on acid soils worldwide. Continued gains will be obtained by identifying superior alleles and novel Al3+ resistance loci that can be incorporated into breeding programs. We used association mapping to identify genomic regions associated with Al3+ resistance using 1055 accessions of common wheat from different geographic regions of the world and 178 polymorphic diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers. Bayesian analyses based on genetic distance matrices classified these accessions into 12 subgroups. Genome-wide association analyses detected markers that were significantly associated with Al3+ resistance on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 4D, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7A, and 7B. Some of these genomic regions correspond to previously identified loci for Al3+ resistance, whereas others appear to be novel. Among the markers targeting TaALMT1 (the major Al3+-resistance gene located on chromosome 4D), those that detected alleles in the promoter explained most of the phenotypic variance for Al3+ resistance, which is consistent with this region controlling the level of TaALMT1 expression. These results demonstrate that genome-wide association mapping cannot only confirm known Al3+-resistance loci, such as those on chromosomes 4D and 4B, but they also highlight the utility of this technique in identifying novel resistance loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Raman
- EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
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Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Rengel Z, Alberdi M, de la Luz Mora M, Aquea F, Arce-Johnson P, Reyes-Díaz M. Molecular and physiological strategies to increase aluminum resistance in plants. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2069-79. [PMID: 21660471 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a primary limitation to plant growth on acid soils. Root meristems are the first site for toxic Al accumulation, and therefore inhibition of root elongation is the most evident physiological manifestation of Al toxicity. Plants may resist Al toxicity by avoidance (Al exclusion) and/or tolerance mechanisms (detoxification of Al inside the cells). The Al exclusion involves the exudation of organic acid anions from the root apices, whereas tolerance mechanisms comprise internal Al detoxification by organic acid anions and enhanced scavenging of free oxygen radicals. One of the most important advances in understanding the molecular events associated with the Al exclusion mechanism was the identification of the ALMT1 gene (Al-activated malate transporter) in Triticum aestivum root cells, which codes for a plasma membrane anion channel that allows efflux of organic acid anions, such as malate, citrate or oxalate. On the other hand, the scavenging of free radicals is dependent on the expression of genes involved in antioxidant defenses, such as peroxidases (e.g. in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum), catalases (e.g. in Capsicum annuum), and the gene WMnSOD1 from T. aestivum. However, other recent findings show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced stress may be due to acidic (low pH) conditions rather than to Al stress. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding molecular and physiological mechanisms of Al toxicity and resistance in higher plants. Advances have been made in understanding some of the underlying strategies that plants use to cope with Al toxicity. Furthermore, we discuss the physiological and molecular responses to Al toxicity, including genes involved in Al resistance that have been identified and characterized in several plant species. The better understanding of these strategies and mechanisms is essential for improving plant performance in acidic, Al-toxic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
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Gruber BD, Delhaize E, Richardson AE, Roessner U, James RA, Howitt SM, Ryan PR. Characterisation of HvALMT1 function in transgenic barley plants. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2011; 38:163-175. [PMID: 32480872 DOI: 10.1071/fp10140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
HvALMT1 from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) encodes a protein capable of facilitating the transport of malate and other organic anions when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The HvALMT1 gene is primarily expressed in guard cells of stomata, in regions behind the root apex and at lateral root junctions. We investigated the function of HvALMT1 in planta by overexpressing it in barley under the control of a constitutive promoter. Transgenic plants expressing HvALMT1 at levels four to 9-fold greater than controls showed reduced growth and plants showing the highest expression failed to set seed. Although measurements of conductance indicated that stomatal function was not totally impaired in the transgenic plants the time taken for the stomata to close in response to low light was significantly longer compared with controls. Elemental and metabolomic analyses of the transgenic barley shoots revealed that the concentration of calcium and levels of ascorbate, serine, threonine and pentanoate were consistently greater (2- to 14-fold) in plants that overexpressed HvALMT1, whereas whole-shoot tissue levels of fumarate were significantly lower (60-85% reduction). Transgenic plants also showed significantly greater efflux of malate and succinate from their roots than control plants. Efflux of these organic anions occurred independently of Al3+ and conferred greater Al3+ resistance in solution culture and in acidic soil. These results are consistent with HvALMT1 contributing to anion homeostasis in the cytosol and osmotic adjustment by transporting organic anions out of the cell or by sequestering them into cytosolic vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ute Roessner
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and Metabolomics Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A James
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Susan M Howitt
- School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Ryan PR, Tyerman SD, Sasaki T, Furuichi T, Yamamoto Y, Zhang WH, Delhaize E. The identification of aluminium-resistance genes provides opportunities for enhancing crop production on acid soils. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:9-20. [PMID: 20847099 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Acid soils restrict plant production around the world. One of the major limitations to plant growth on acid soils is the prevalence of soluble aluminium (Al(3+)) ions which can inhibit root growth at micromolar concentrations. Species that show a natural resistance to Al(3+) toxicity perform better on acid soils. Our understanding of the physiology of Al(3+) resistance in important crop plants has increased greatly over the past 20 years, largely due to the application of genetics and molecular biology. Fourteen genes from seven different species are known to contribute to Al(3+) tolerance and resistance and several additional candidates have been identified. Some of these genes account for genotypic variation within species and others do not. One mechanism of resistance which has now been identified in a range of species relies on the efflux of organic anions such as malate and citrate from roots. The genes controlling this trait are members of the ALMT and MATE families which encode membrane proteins that facilitate organic anion efflux across the plasma membrane. Identification of these and other resistance genes provides opportunities for enhancing the Al(3+) resistance of plants by marker-assisted breeding and through biotechnology. Most attempts to enhance Al(3+) resistance in plants with genetic engineering have targeted genes that are induced by Al(3+) stress or that are likely to increase organic anion efflux. In the latter case, studies have either enhanced organic anion synthesis or increased organic anion transport across the plasma membrane. Recent developments in this area are summarized and the structure-function of the TaALMT1 protein from wheat is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Ryan PR, Raman H, Gupta S, Sasaki T, Yamamoto Y, Delhaize E. The multiple origins of aluminium resistance in hexaploid wheat include Aegilops tauschii and more recent cis mutations to TaALMT1. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 64:446-55. [PMID: 20804458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04338.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acid soils limit plant production worldwide because their high concentrations of soluble aluminium cations (Al(3+) ) inhibit root growth. Major food crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have evolved mechanisms to resist Al(3+) toxicity, thus enabling wider distribution. The origins of Al(3+) resistance in wheat are perplexing because all progenitors of this hexaploid species are reportedly sensitive to Al(3+) stress. The large genotypic variation for Al(3+) resistance in wheat is largely controlled by expression of an anion channel, TaALMT1, which releases malate anions from the root apices. A current hypothesis proposes that the malate anions protect this sensitive growth zone by binding to Al(3+) in the apoplasm. We investigated the evolution of this trait in wheat, and demonstrated that it has multiple independent origins that enhance Al(3+) resistance by increasing TaALMT1 expression. One origin is likely to be Aegilops tauschii while other origins occurred more recently from a series of cis mutations that have generated tandemly repeated elements in the TaALMT1 promoter. We generated transgenic plants to directly compare these promoter alleles and demonstrate that the tandemly repeated elements act to enhance gene expression. This study provides an example from higher eukaryotes in which perfect tandem repeats are linked with transcriptional regulation and phenotypic change in the context of evolutionary adaptation to a major abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Furuichi T, Sasaki T, Tsuchiya Y, Ryan PR, Delhaize E, Yamamoto Y. An extracellular hydrophilic carboxy-terminal domain regulates the activity of TaALMT1, the aluminum-activated malate transport protein of wheat. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 64:47-55. [PMID: 20663086 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Al³+ -resistant cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) release malate through the Al³+ -activated anion transport protein Triticum aestivum aluminum-activated malate transporter 1 (TaALMT1). Expression of TaALMT1 in Xenopus oocytes and tobacco suspension cells enhances the basal transport activity (inward and outward currents present in the absence of external Al³+, and generates the same Al³+ -activated currents (reflecting the Al³+-dependent transport function) as observed in wheat cells. We investigated the amino acid residues involved in this Al³+-dependent transport activity by generating a series of mutations to the TaALMT1 protein. We targeted the acidic residues on the hydrophilic C-terminal domain of TaALMT1 and changed them to uncharged residues by site-directed mutagenesis. These mutant proteins were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and their transport activity was measured before and after Al³+ addition. Three mutations (E274Q, D275N and E284Q) abolished the Al³+-activated transport activity without affecting the basal transport activity. Truncation of the hydrophilic C-terminal domain abolished both basal and Al³+-activated transport activities. Al³+-dependent transport activity was recovered by fusing the N-terminal region of TaALMT1 with the C-terminal region of AtALMT1, a homolog from Arabidopsis. These findings demonstrate that the extracellular C-terminal domain is required for both basal and Al³+-dependent TaALMT1 activity. Furthermore, we identified three acidic amino acids within this domain that are specifically required for the activation of transport function by external Al³+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Furuichi
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
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Pereira JF, Zhou G, Delhaize E, Richardson T, Zhou M, Ryan PR. Engineering greater aluminium resistance in wheat by over-expressing TaALMT1. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2010; 106:205-14. [PMID: 20338951 PMCID: PMC2889790 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcq058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Expected increases in world population will continue to make demands on agricultural productivity and food supply. These challenges will only be met by increasing the land under cultivation and by improving the yields obtained on existing farms. Genetic engineering can target key traits to improve crop yields and to increase production on marginal soils. Soil acidity is a major abiotic stress that limits plant production worldwide. The goal of this study was to enhance the acid soil tolerance of wheat by increasing its resistance to Al(3+) toxicity. METHODS Particle bombardment was used to transform wheat with TaALMT1, the Al(3+) resistance gene from wheat, using the maize ubiquitin promoter to drive expression. TaALMT1 expression, malate efflux and Al(3+) resistance were measured in the T(1) and T(2) lines and compared with the parental line and an Al(3+)-resistant reference genotype, ET8. KEY RESULTS Nine T(2) lines showed increased TaALMT1 expression, malate efflux and Al(3+) resistance when compared with untransformed controls and null segregant lines. Some T(2) lines displayed greater Al(3+) resistance than ET8 in both hydroponic and soil experiments. CONCLUSIONS The Al(3+) resistance of wheat was increased by enhancing TaALMT1 expression with biotechnology. This is the first report of a major food crop being stably transformed for greater Al(3+) resistance. Transgenic strategies provide options for increasing food supply on acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge F. Pereira
- Embrapa Trigo, Rodovia BR 285 km 294, CEP 99001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gaofeng Zhou
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- TIAR, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, Launceston, Tas 7249, Australia
| | | | | | - Meixue Zhou
- TIAR, University of Tasmania, PO Box 46, Kings Meadows, Launceston, Tas 7249, Australia
| | - Peter R. Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Sakata M, Nasuda S, Endo TR. Dissection of barley chromosome 4H in common wheat by the gametocidal system and cytological mapping of chromosome 4H with EST markers. Genes Genet Syst 2010; 85:19-29. [PMID: 20410662 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.85.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We used two gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes 2C and 3C(SAT) to dissect barley chromosome 4H added to common wheat. The Gc chromosome induced chromosomal structural rearrangements in the progeny of the 4H addition line of common wheat carrying the monosomic Gc chromosome. We conducted in situ hybridization to select plants carrying rearranged 4H chromosomes and characterized the rearranged chromosomes by sequential C-banding and in situ hybridization. We established 60 dissection lines of common wheat carrying single rearranged 4H chromosomes. The rearranged 4H chromosomes had either a deletion or a translocation or a complicated structural change. The breakpoints were distributed in the short arm, centromere and the long arm at a rough ratio of 2:2:1. We conducted PCR analysis using the dissection lines and 93 EST markers specific to chromosome 4H. Based on the PCR result, we constructed a cytological map of chromosome 4H with 18 regions separated by the breakpoints of the rearranged chromosomes. Thirty-seven markers were present in the short arm and 56 in the long arm, and about 70% of the markers were present in no more than the distal 25.6% and 43.1% regions of the short and long arms, respectively. It is noteworthy that nine of the short-arm markers and 13 of the long-arm markers existed in the small subtelomeric regions at both ends characterized by the HvT01 sequences. We reconstructed a genetic map using 38 of the 93 markers that was used to construct the cytological map of chromosome 4H. The order of the markers on the genetic map was almost the same as that on the cytological map. On the genetic map, no markers were available in the pericentromeric region, but on the cytological map, 14 markers were present in the proximal region, and one of the markers was in the centromeric region of the short arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Sakata
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Krill AM, Kirst M, Kochian LV, Buckler ES, Hoekenga OA. Association and linkage analysis of aluminum tolerance genes in maize. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9958. [PMID: 20376361 PMCID: PMC2848604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major worldwide constraint to crop productivity on acidic soils. Al becomes soluble at low pH, inhibiting root growth and severely reducing yields. Maize is an important staple food and commodity crop in acidic soil regions, especially in South America and Africa where these soils are very common. Al exclusion and intracellular tolerance have been suggested as two important mechanisms for Al tolerance in maize, but little is known about the underlying genetics. Methodology An association panel of 282 diverse maize inbred lines and three F2 linkage populations with approximately 200 individuals each were used to study genetic variation in this complex trait. Al tolerance was measured as net root growth in nutrient solution under Al stress, which exhibited a wide range of variation between lines. Comparative and physiological genomics-based approaches were used to select 21 candidate genes for evaluation by association analysis. Conclusions Six candidate genes had significant results from association analysis, but only four were confirmed by linkage analysis as putatively contributing to Al tolerance: Zea mays AltSB like (ZmASL), Zea mays aluminum-activated malate transporter2 (ALMT2), S-adenosyl-L-homocysteinase (SAHH), and Malic Enzyme (ME). These four candidate genes are high priority subjects for follow-up biochemical and physiological studies on the mechanisms of Al tolerance in maize. Immediately, elite haplotype-specific molecular markers can be developed for these four genes and used for efficient marker-assisted selection of superior alleles in Al tolerance maize breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Krill
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Cornell University, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Matias Kirst
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Leon V. Kochian
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Cornell University, Department of Plant Biology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Edward S. Buckler
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Cornell University, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Owen A. Hoekenga
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Cornell University, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gruber BD, Ryan PR, Richardson AE, Tyerman SD, Ramesh S, Hebb DM, Howitt SM, Delhaize E. HvALMT1 from barley is involved in the transport of organic anions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:1455-67. [PMID: 20176888 PMCID: PMC2837267 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Members of the ALMT gene family contribute to the Al(3+) resistance of several plant species by facilitating malate efflux from root cells. The first member of this family to be cloned and characterized, TaALMT1, is responsible for most of the natural variation of Al(3+) resistance in wheat. The current study describes the isolation and characterization of HvALMT1, the barley gene with the greatest sequence similarity to TaALMT1. HvALMT1 is located on chromosome 2H which has not been associated with Al(3+) resistance in barley. The relatively low levels of HvALMT1 expression detected in root and shoot tissues were independent of external aluminium or phosphorus supply. Transgenic barley plants transformed with the HvALMT1 promoter fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) indicated that expression of HvALMT1 was relatively high in stomatal guard cells and in root tissues containing expanding cells. GFP fused to the C-terminus of the full HvALMT1 protein localized to the plasma membrane and motile vesicles within the cytoplasm. HvALMT1 conferred both inward and outward currents when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes that were bathed in a range of anions including malate. Both malate uptake and efflux were confirmed in oocyte assays using [(14)C]malate as a radiotracer. It is suggested that HvALMT1 functions as an anion channel to facilitate organic anion transport in stomatal function and expanding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Gruber
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Peter R. Ryan
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | - Stephen D. Tyerman
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Sunita Ramesh
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Diane M. Hebb
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Susan M. Howitt
- School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Delhaize
- CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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