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Łukaszuk B, Supruniuk E, Chabowski A, Mikłosz A. Adipose tissue place of origin and obesity influence sphingolipid signaling pathway in the adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs isolated from morbidly obese women. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116158. [PMID: 38521475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are a component of adipose tissue that in recent years has gained on importance. The progenitor cells serve as an essentially unlimited source of new adipocytes and therefore are considered to be an important determinant of the tissue's physiology. In this paper we investigated mature adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs obtained from subcutaneous/visceral fat of patients with different metabolic status (lean, obese without and with metabolic syndrome). We focused our interests on the sphingolipid signaling pathway, i.e.a signal transduction system indispensable for cells functioning, but also implicated in the development of medical conditions associated with obesity. We observed that the cells derived from visceral tissue had significantly greater levels of almost all the examined sphingolipids (especially Cer, dhCer, SM). Moreover, obesity and metabolic syndrome present in donor patients was associated with an increased level of sphingosine kinase (SPHK) and the product of its reaction sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Moreover, the condition appeared to display a tissue specific pattern. Namely, the adipocytes of subcutaneous provenance had an increased activation of ceramide de novo synthesis pathway when the donors of ADMSCs had metabolic syndrome. The above translated into greater accumulation of ceramide in the cells. To our knowledge this is the first study that demonstrated altered sphingolipid profile in the mature adipocytes differentiated from ADMSCs with respect to the stem cells tissue of origin and the donor patient metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Łukaszuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Rustamov J, Roh YS, Hong JT, Yoo HS. GT-11 impairs insulin signaling through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in C2C12 myotubes. Life Sci 2024; 342:122534. [PMID: 38408637 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sphingolipids are involved in the regulation of insulin signaling, which is linked to the development of insulin resistance, leading to diabetes mellitus. We aimed to study whether modulation of sphingolipid levels by GT-11 may regulate insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes. MAIN METHODS We investigated the effects of sphingolipid metabolism on Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake using C2C12 myotubes. Either GT-11, an inhibitor of dihydroceramide desaturase 1 and S1P lyase, or siRNA targeting Sgpl1, the gene encoding the enzyme, was employed to determine the effect of sphingolipid metabolism modulation on insulin signaling. Western blotting and glucose uptake assays were used to evaluate the effect of treatments on insulin signaling. Sphingolipid metabolites were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). KEY FINDINGS Treatment with GT-11 resulted in decreased Akt phosphorylation and reduced glucose uptake. Silencing the Sgpl1 gene, which encodes S1P lyase, mimicked these findings, suggesting the potential for regulating insulin signaling through S1P lyase modulation. GT-11 modulated sphingolipid metabolism, inducing the accumulation of sphingolipids. Using PF-543 and ARN14974 to inhibit sphingosine kinases and acid ceramidase, respectively, we identified a significant interplay between sphingosine, S1P lyase, and insulin signaling. Treatment with either exogenous sphingosine or palmitic acid inhibited Akt phosphorylation, and reduced S1P lyase activity. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlight the importance of close relationship between sphingolipid metabolism and insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes, pointing to its potential therapeutic relevance for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javokhir Rustamov
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Kajita K, Ishii I, Mori I, Asano M, Fuwa M, Morita H. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Regulates Obesity and Glucose Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:932. [PMID: 38256005 PMCID: PMC10816022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major global health and welfare issues is the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity, caused by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissues, induces adipocyte dysfunction, followed by inflammation, in adipose tissues and lipotoxicity in nonadipose tissues. Several studies have shown that obesity and glucose homeostasis are influenced by sphingolipid mediators, including ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Cellular accumulation of ceramide impairs pancreatic β-cell survival, confers insulin resistance in the liver and the skeletal muscle, and deteriorates adipose tissue inflammation via unknown molecular mechanisms. The roles of S1P are more complicated, because there are five cell-surface S1P receptors (S1PRs: S1P1-5) which have altered functions, different cellular expression patterns, and inapparent intracellular targets. Recent findings, including those by our group, support the notable concept that the pharmacological activation of S1P1 or S1P3 improves obesity and associated metabolic disorders, whereas that of S1P2 has the opposite effect. In addition, the regulation of S1P production by sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an essential factor affecting glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling in and against obesity, insulin resistance, and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Kajita
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Gifu Women’s University, 80 Taromaru, Gifu 501-2592, Japan
| | - Isao Ishii
- Department of Health Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashitamagawagakuen, Machida 194-8543, Japan
| | - Ichiro Mori
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Motochika Asano
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Masayuki Fuwa
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
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4
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Sood A, Fernandes V, Preeti K, Rajan S, Khatri DK, Singh SB. S1PR2 inhibition mitigates cognitive deficit in diabetic mice by modulating microglial activation via Akt-p53-TIGAR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111278. [PMID: 38011768 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficit is one of the challenging complications of type 2 diabetes. Sphingosine 1- phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in various neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. The association of S1PRs and cognition in type 2 diabetes remains elusive. Microglia-mediated neuronal damage could be the thread propagating cognitive deficit. The effects of S1PR2 inhibition on cognition in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were examined in this work. We further assessed microglial activation and putative microglial polarisation routes. Cognitive function loss was observed after four months of diabetes induction in Type 2 diabetes animal model. JTE013, an S1PR2 inhibitor, was used to assess neuroprotection against cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo diabetes model. JTE013 (10 mg/kg) improved synaptic plasticity by upregulating psd95 and synaptophysin while reducing cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. It further enhanced anti-inflammatory microglia in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), as evidenced by increased Arg-1, CD206, and YM-1 levels and decreased iNOS, CD16, and MHCII levels. TIGAR, TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator, might facilitate the anti-inflammatory microglial phenotype by promoting oxidative phosphorylation and decreasing apoptosis. However, since p53 is a TIGAR suppressor, inhibiting p53 could be beneficial. S1PR2 inhibition increased p-Akt and TIGAR levels and reduced the levels of p53 in the PFC and hippocampus of type 2 diabetic mice, thereby decreasing apoptosis. In vitro, palmitate was used to imitate sphingolipid dysregulation in BV2 cells, followed by conditioned media exposure to Neuro2A cells. JTE013 rescued the palmitate-induced neuronal apoptosis by promoting the anti-inflammatory microglia. In the present study, we demonstrate that the inhibition of S1PR2 improves cognitive function and skews microglia toward anti-inflammatory phenotype in type 2 diabetic mice, thereby promising to be a potential therapy for neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Sood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Valencia Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Shruti Rajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NIPER Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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5
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Rida R, Kreydiyyeh S. Effect of FTY720P on lipid accumulation in HEPG2 cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19716. [PMID: 37953311 PMCID: PMC10641067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an increase in hepatic lipid accumulation due to impaired lipid metabolism. Although a correlation was found between NAFLD and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the role of the sphingolipid remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate any involvement of S1P in steatosis using its analog FTY720P and HepG2 cells. Lipid accumulation was induced by incubating the cells in a mixture of oleic and palmitic acid, and was quantified using Oil Red O. The involvement of signaling mediators was studied using pharmacological inhibitors and western blot analysis. FTY720P increased lipid accumulation, but this increase wasn't maintained in the presence of inhibitors of S1PR3, Gq, SREBP, mTOR, PI3K, and PPARγ indicating their involvement in the process. The results revealed that FTY720P binds to S1PR3 which activates sequentially Gq, PI3K, and mTOR leading to an increase in SREBP expression and PPARγ activation. It was concluded that in presence of a high level of fatty acids, lipid accumulation is increased in hepatocytes by the exogenously added FTY720P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Rida
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sawsan Kreydiyyeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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6
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Mei M, Liu M, Mei Y, Zhao J, Li Y. Sphingolipid metabolism in brain insulin resistance and neurological diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243132. [PMID: 37867511 PMCID: PMC10587683 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, as members of the large lipid family, are important components of plasma membrane. Sphingolipids participate in biological signal transduction to regulate various important physiological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, senescence, and differentiation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sphingolipids are strongly associated with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance, including peripheral insulin resistance and brain insulin resistance, is closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases. In addition to metabolic diseases, like type 2 diabetes, brain insulin resistance is also involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, the specific mechanism of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance has not been systematically summarized. This article reviews the involvement of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance, highlighting the role and molecular biological mechanism of sphingolipid metabolism in cognitive dysfunctions and neuropathological abnormalities of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maochang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Administrative Office, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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7
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El-Amouri S, Karakashian A, Bieberich E, Nikolova-Karakashian M. Regulated translocation of neutral sphingomyelinase-2 to the plasma membrane drives insulin resistance in steatotic hepatocytes. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100435. [PMID: 37640282 PMCID: PMC10550728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated diabetes is linked to the accumulation of ceramide in various organs, including the liver. The exact mechanisms by which ceramide contributes to diabetic pathology are unclear, but one proposed scenario is that ceramide accumulation may inhibit insulin signaling pathways. It is unknown however whether the excess ceramide is generated proximal to the insulin receptor, that is, at the plasma membrane (PM), where it could affect the insulin signaling pathway directly, or the onset of insulin resistance is due to ceramide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and/or lipotoxicity. Using hepatic cell lines and primary cultures, gain- and loss- of function approach, and state-of-the art lipid imaging, this study shows that PM-associated neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) regulates ceramide homeostasis in fat-loaded hepatocytes and drives the onset of insulin resistance. Our results provide evidence of a regulated translocation of nSMase2 to the PM which leads to local generation of ceramide and insulin resistance in cells treated with palmitic acid (PAL), a type of fat commonly found in diabetogenic diets. Oleic acid, which also causes accumulation of lipid droplets, does not induce nSMase2 translocation and insulin resistance. Experiments using the acyl-biotin exchange method to quantify protein palmitoylation show that cellular PAL abundance regulates the rate of nSMase2 palmitoylation. Furthermore, while inhibition of nSMase2 with GW4869 prevents PAL-induced insulin resistance, the overexpression of wild type nSMase2 but not palmitoylation-defective mutant protein potentiates the suppressive effect of PAL on insulin signaling. Overall, this study identifies nSMase2 as a novel component of the mechanism of insulin resistance onset in fat-loaded hepatocytes, that is, cell-autonomous and driven by PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S El-Amouri
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - A Karakashian
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - E Bieberich
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M Nikolova-Karakashian
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
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8
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Naja K, Anwardeen N, Al-Hariri M, Al Thani AA, Elrayess MA. Pharmacometabolomic Approach to Investigate the Response to Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2164. [PMID: 37626661 PMCID: PMC10452592 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin constitutes the foundation therapy in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite its multiple beneficial effects and widespread use, there is considerable inter-individual variability in response to metformin. Our objective is to identify metabolic signatures associated with poor and good responses to metformin, which may improve our ability to predict outcomes for metformin treatment. In this cross-sectional study, clinical and metabolic data for 119 patients with type 2 diabetes taking metformin were collected from the Qatar Biobank. Patients were empirically dichotomized according to their HbA1C levels into good and poor responders. Differences in the level of metabolites between these two groups were compared using orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and linear models. Good responders showed increased levels of sphingomyelins, acylcholines, and glutathione metabolites. On the other hand, poor responders showed increased levels of metabolites resulting from glucose metabolism and gut microbiota metabolites. The results of this study have the potential to increase our knowledge of patient response variability to metformin and carry significant implications for enabling personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Naja
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
| | | | - Asmaa A. Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
- QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Mohamed A. Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
- QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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9
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Musso G, Saba F, Cassader M, Gambino R. Lipidomics in pathogenesis, progression and treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): Recent advances. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101238. [PMID: 37244504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting up to 30% of the general adult population. NAFLD encompasses a histological spectrum ranging from pure steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation, as a result of increasing disease prevalence and of the absence of approved treatments. Lipidomic readouts of liver blood and urine samples from experimental models and from NASH patients disclosed an abnormal lipid composition and metabolism. Collectively, these changes impair organelle function and promote cell damage, necro-inflammation and fibrosis, a condition termed lipotoxicity. We will discuss the lipid species and metabolic pathways leading to NASH development and progression to cirrhosis, as well as and those species that can contribute to inflammation resolution and fibrosis regression. We will also focus on emerging lipid-based therapeutic opportunities, including specialized proresolving lipid molecules and macrovesicles contributing to cell-to-cell communication and NASH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Musso
- Dept of Emergency Medicine, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Saba
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Sadeghabadi ZA, Samani KG, Yaghubi F, Mohseni R. Chicoric acid ameliorates palmitate-induced sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling pathway in the PBMCs of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:307-314. [PMID: 37255837 PMCID: PMC10225412 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). So, targeting S1P signaling pathway could be considered as potential therapeutic target for T2D. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of palmitate and chicoric acid (CA) on S1P signaling pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from newly diagnosed patients with T2D. Materials and methods 20 newly diagnosed patients with T2D, aged 40-60 years, were enrolled in the study. PBMCs were isolated and then treated as follows: control groups (untreated, treated with BSA 1% for 12 h), CA groups (treated with 50 μM CA for 6 h), palmitate groups (treated with 500 μM palmitate for 12 h), palmitate + CA groups (treated with 500 μM palmitate for 12 h and then treated with 50 μM CA for 6 h). Finally, sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) genes expression were evaluated by real-time PCR and S1PR1 protein levels were quantified using ELISA. Results Palmitate significantly increased SPHK1 and S1PR1 genes expression and S1PR1 protein levels in PBMCs of patients with diabetes. However, CA ameliorates palmitate-increased SPHK1 and S1PR1 genes expression and S1PR1 levels in these cells. Conclusion These data indicate that CA could be considered as a novel S1P signaling pathway inhibitor through down regulation of SPHK1 and S1PR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Arab Sadeghabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Keihan Ghatreh Samani
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yaghubi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Roohollah Mohseni
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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11
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Brown RDR, Spiegel S. ORMDL in metabolic health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108401. [PMID: 37003301 PMCID: PMC10148913 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a key risk factor for the development of metabolic disease. Bioactive sphingolipid metabolites are among the lipids increased in obesity. Obesogenic saturated fatty acids are substrates for serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) the rate-limiting step in de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. The mammalian orosomucoid-like protein isoforms ORMDL1-3 negatively regulate SPT activity. Here we summarize evidence that dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and SPT activity correlates with pathogenesis of obesity. This review also discusses the current understanding of the function of SPT and ORMDL in obesity and metabolic disease. Gaps and limitations in current knowledge are highlighted together with the need to further understand how ORMDL3, which has been identified as an obesity-related gene, contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity and development of metabolic disease related to its physiological functions. Finally, we point out the needs to move this young field of research forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D R Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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12
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Li K, Li H, Song X, Kuang X, Liu S, Zhu S, Li D. The preventive effect of mussel oil on gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant mice fed by a high-fat and high-sucrose diet. Food Funct 2023; 14:1198-1208. [PMID: 36602239 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03320h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of mussel oil (MO) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in mice fed by a high-fat and high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. Pregnant mice were allocated to four groups: normal diet + corn oil (CO), HFHS + CO, HFHS + fish oil (FO), and HFHS + MO. The total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in MO (51.30%) and FO (48.25%) were comparable (mainly C22:6n-3 and C20:5n-3). HFHS + MO and HHFS + FO had a significantly lower area under the curve (AUC) for the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) than the HFHS + CO group. The HFHS + MO group but not HFHS + FO group had a significantly lower AUC for the insulin tolerance test (ITT) than the HFHS + CO group. The HFHS + MO group had significantly lower homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting serum insulin than the HHFS + FO and HFHS + CO groups. Liver sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) was significantly higher, while SphK2, Akt, and P-Akt were significantly lower in the HFHS + CO group compared with the normal diet + CO group. The HFHS + MO group but not the HFHS + FO group had significantly higher SphK2, Akt, and P-Akt than the HFHS + CO group. SphK2 had a strong negative correlation with the AUC for the OGTT (r = -0.759, p = 0.001) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) (r = -0.637; p = 0.008), fasting serum insulin (r = -0.594, p = 0.015), fasting blood glucose (r = -0.587, p = 0.017) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.629, p = 0.009) and a strong positive correlation with Akt (r = 0.594, p = 0.015) and P-Akt (r = 0.676, p = 0.004). In conclusion, mussel oil improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance during mice pregnancy, which was superior to the effects of fish oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Huiying Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaotong Kuang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shiyi Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Suqing Zhu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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13
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Asano M, Kajita K, Fuwa M, Kajita T, Mori I, Akahoshi N, Ishii I, Morita H. Opposing Roles of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors 1 and 2 in Fat Deposition and Glucose Tolerance in Obese Male Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 164:6998551. [PMID: 36690339 PMCID: PMC9906621 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that regulates fundamental cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation through 5 cognate G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-S1P5). We previously demonstrated that blockade of S1P2 signaling in S1P2-deficient mice attenuates high-fat diet-induced adipocyte hypertrophy and glucose intolerance and an S1P2-specific antagonist JTE-013 inhibits, whereas an S1P1/S1P3 dual antagonist (VPC23019) activates, adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes. Based on those observations, this study examined whether an S1P1-specific agonist, SEW-2871, VPC23019, or their combination acts on obesity and glucose intolerance in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. The oral administration of SEW-2871 or JTE-013 induced significant reductions in body/epididymal fat weight gains and epididymal/inguinal fat adipocyte sizes and improved glucose intolerance and adipocyte inflammation in ob/ob mice but not in their control C57BL/6J mice. Both SEW-2871 and JTE-013 decreased messenger RNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and CD11c, whereas they increased those of CD206 and adiponectin in the epididymal fats isolated from ob/ob mice with no changes in the levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ and its regulated genes. By contrast, VPC23019 did not cause any such alterations but counteracted with all those SEW-2871 actions in these mice. In conclusion, the S1P1 agonist SEW-2871 acted like the S1P2 antagonist JTE-013 to reduce body/epididymal fats and improve glucose tolerance in obese mice. Therefore, this study raises the possibility that endogenous S1P could promote obesity/type 2 diabetes through the S1P2, whereas exogenous S1P could act against them through the S1P1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motochika Asano
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kajita
- Correspondence: Kazuo Kajita, MD, PhD, Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Gifu Women’s University, 80 Taromaru, Gifu 501-2592, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Fuwa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Toshiko Kajita
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Ichiro Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Akahoshi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Isao Ishii
- Department of Health Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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14
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Dai X, Zhou G, Xu L. Associations between red blood cell count and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279274. [PMID: 36574367 PMCID: PMC9794081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies found that red blood cell count (RBC) was an unrecognized risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). While the epidemiological data underpinning the evidence is very limited. As there are some differences between the latest criteria of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and NAFLD, itis necessary to evaluate the relationship between RBC and MAFLD. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES)2017-2018 cohort, including 4477 participants. Hepatic steatosis was determined when the value of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) obtained by Fibroscan was ≥274 dB/m. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between RBC and MAFLD. We estimated the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of RBC for MAFLD, and the nonlinear relationship between RBC and MAFLD was further described using smooth curve fittings and threshold-effect analysis. RESULTS We found that MAFLD risk was significantly higher according to RBC quartiles. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)for the highest RBC quartile were 1.5(1.0, 2.3) for male and 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) for female, respectively. As for male, a non-linear relationship was discovered between RBCs and MAFLD, with a RBC threshold of 4.2. The effect sizes and confidence intervals on the right side of the inflection point were 1.5 (1.0, 2.0) (P for nonlinearity = 0.027). The sensitivity analysis showed a similar result. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that that elevated RBC level is associated with the higher risk of MAFLD in male. The positive relationship was not significant in females after full adjustment. Our finding provided novel evidence indicating that RBCs might be a potential biomarker for MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Dai
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guowei Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Luzhou Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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15
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Liebmann M, Grupe K, Asuaje Pfeifer M, Rustenbeck I, Scherneck S. Differences in lipid metabolism in acquired versus preexisting glucose intolerance during gestation: role of free fatty acids and sphingosine-1-phosphate. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:99. [PMID: 36209101 PMCID: PMC9547403 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. There is increasing evidence that GDM is a heterogeneous disease with different subtypes. An important question in this context is whether impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), which is a typical feature of the disease, may already be present before pregnancy and manifestation of the disease. The latter type resembles in its clinical manifestation prediabetes that has not yet manifested as type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Altered lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in the disorder's pathophysiology. The aim was to investigate the role of lipids which are relevant in diabetes-like phenotypes in these both models with different time of initial onset of IGT. METHODS Two rodent models reflecting different characteristics of human GDM were used to characterize changes in lipid metabolism occurring during gestation. Since the New Zealand obese (NZO)-mice already exhibit IGT before and during gestation, they served as a subtype model for GDM with preexisting IGT (preIGT) and were compared with C57BL/6 N mice with transient IGT acquired during gestation (aqIGT). While the latter model does not develop manifest diabetes even under metabolic stress conditions, the NZO mouse is prone to severe disease progression later in life. Metabolically healthy Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice served as controls. RESULTS In contrast to the aqIGT model, preIGT mice showed hyperlipidemia during gestation with elevated free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG), and increased atherogenic index. Interestingly, sphingomyelin (SM) concentrations in the liver decreased during gestation concomitantly with an increase in the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) concentration in plasma. Further, preIGT mice showed impaired hepatic weight adjustment and alterations in hepatic FFA metabolism during gestation. This was accompanied by decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and lack of translocation of fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) to the hepatocellular plasma membrane. CONCLUSION The preIGT model showed impaired lipid metabolism both in plasma and liver, as well as features of insulin resistance consistent with increased S1P concentrations, and in these characteristics, the preIGT model differs from the common GDM subtype with aqIGT. Thus, concomitantly elevated plasma FFA and S1P concentrations, in addition to general shifts in sphingolipid fractions, could be an interesting signal that the metabolic disorder existed before gestation and that future pregnancies require more intensive monitoring to avoid complications. This graphical abstract was created with BioRender.com .
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Liebmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Grupe
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Melissa Asuaje Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Rustenbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephan Scherneck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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16
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Nickl B, Qadri F, Bader M. Anti-inflammatory role of Gpnmb in adipose tissue of mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19614. [PMID: 34608215 PMCID: PMC8490452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can cause a chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is a critical step in the development of type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is associated with the expression of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein b (Gpnmb), which is mainly expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells. We generated a Gpnmb-knockout mouse line using Crispr-Cas9 to assess the role of Gpnmb in a diet-induced obesity. The absence of Gpnmb did not affect body weight gain and blood lipid parameters. While wildtype animals became obese but remained otherwise metabolically healthy, Gpnmb-knockout animals developed, in addition to obesity, symptoms of metabolic syndrome such as adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis. We observed a strong Gpnmb expression in adipose tissue macrophages in wildtype animals and a decreased expression of most macrophage-related genes independent of their inflammatory function. This was corroborated by in vitro data showing that Gpnmb was mostly expressed by reparative macrophages while only pro-inflammatory stimuli induced shedding of Gpnmb. The data suggest that Gpnmb is ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation independent of the polarization of macrophages. Taken together, the data suggest an immune-balancing function of Gpnmb that could delay the metabolic damage caused by the induction of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Nickl
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178, Berlin, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité University Medicine, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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17
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Jujic A, Matthes F, Vanherle L, Petzka H, Orho-Melander M, Nilsson PM, Magnusson M, Meissner A. Plasma S1P (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate) Links to Hypertension and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From a Translational Investigation. Hypertension 2021; 78:195-209. [PMID: 33993723 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.17379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Jujic
- Department of Clinical Sciences (A.J., M.O.-M., P.M.N., M.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (A.J., F.M., L.V., M.M., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre (A.J.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Frank Matthes
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (A.J., F.M., L.V., M.M., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences (F.M., L.V., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lotte Vanherle
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (A.J., F.M., L.V., M.M., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences (F.M., L.V., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Henning Petzka
- Department of Mathematics, Lund Technical University, Sweden (H.P.)
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences (A.J., M.O.-M., P.M.N., M.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences (A.J., M.O.-M., P.M.N., M.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Malmö, Sweden (P.M.N.)
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences (A.J., M.O.-M., P.M.N., M.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (A.J., F.M., L.V., M.M., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North West University Potchefstroom, South Africa (M.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (M.M.)
| | - Anja Meissner
- Department of Clinical Sciences (A.J., M.O.-M., P.M.N., M.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences (F.M., L.V., A.M.), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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18
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Ziegler AC, Gräler MH. Barrier maintenance by S1P during inflammation and sepsis. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1940069. [PMID: 34152926 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1940069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifaceted lipid signaling molecule that activates five specific G protein-coupled S1P receptors. Despite the fact that S1P is known as one of the strongest barrier-enhancing molecules for two decades, no medical application is available yet. The reason for this lack of translation into clinical practice may be the complex regulatory network of S1P signaling, metabolism and transportation.In this review, we will provide an overview about the physiology and the network of S1P signaling with the focus on endothelial barrier maintenance in inflammation. We briefly describe the physiological role of S1P and the underlying S1P signaling in barrier maintenance, outline differences of S1P signaling and metabolism in inflammatory diseases, discuss potential targets and compounds for medical intervention, and summarize our current knowledge regarding the role of S1P in the maintenance of specialized barriers like the blood-brain barrier and the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke C Ziegler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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19
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Mastrocola R, Dal Bello F, Cento AS, Gaens K, Collotta D, Aragno M, Medana C, Collino M, Wouters K, Schalkwijk CG. Altered hepatic sphingolipid metabolism in insulin resistant mice: Role of advanced glycation endproducts. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:425-435. [PMID: 33905864 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
High plasma levels of the sphingolipid intermediates ceramide (Cer) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are suggested to be involved in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Recent evidence indicates that advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) can alter the sphingolipids metabolism equilibrium. Since enzymes responsible for sphingolipid rheostat maintenance are highly expressed in liver, we thus investigated whether AGEs accumulation can affect hepatic sphingolipids metabolism in insulin resistant mice. Two different models of IR were examined: genetically diabetic LeptrDb-/- (DbDb) and diet-induced insulin resistant C57Bl/6J mice fed a 60% trans-fat diet (HFD). In addition, a group of HFD mice was supplemented with the anti-AGEs compound pyridoxamine. AGEs were evaluated in the liver by western blotting. Cer and S1P were measured by UHPLC-MS/MS. The expression of RAGE and of enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism were assessed by RT-PCR and western blotting. HepG2 cells were used to study the effect of the major AGE Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML)-albumin on sphingolipid metabolism and the role of the receptor of AGEs (RAGE). High levels of AGEs and RAGE were detected in the liver of both DbDb and HFD mice in comparison to controls. The expression of enzymes of sphingolipid metabolism was altered in both models, accompanied by increased levels of Cer and S1P. Specifically, ceramide synthase 5 and sphingosine kinase 1 were increased, while neutral ceramidase was reduced. Pyridoxamine supplementation to HFD mice diminished hepatic AGEs and prevented alterations of sphingolipid metabolism and the development of IR. CML administration to HepG2 cells evoked alterations similar to those observed in vivo, that were in part mediated by the binding to RAGE. The present study shows a direct involvement of AGEs in alterations of sphingolipid metabolism associated to the development of IR. The modulation of sphingolipids metabolism through the prevention of AGEs accumulation by pyridoxamine may reduce the development of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mastrocola
- Dept. of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Dept. of Internal Medicine, MUMC+, Maastricht, Limburg, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht (CARIM), the Netherlands.
| | - Federica Dal Bello
- Dept. of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia S Cento
- Dept. of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Katrien Gaens
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, MUMC+, Maastricht, Limburg, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht (CARIM), the Netherlands
| | - Debora Collotta
- Dept. of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Aragno
- Dept. of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Medana
- Dept. of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Collino
- Dept. of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Kristiaan Wouters
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, MUMC+, Maastricht, Limburg, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht (CARIM), the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, MUMC+, Maastricht, Limburg, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht (CARIM), the Netherlands
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20
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Reginato A, Veras ACC, Baqueiro MDN, Panzarin C, Siqueira BP, Milanski M, Lisboa PC, Torsoni AS. The Role of Fatty Acids in Ceramide Pathways and Their Influence on Hypothalamic Regulation of Energy Balance: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5357. [PMID: 34069652 PMCID: PMC8160791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health issue for which no major effective treatments have been well established. High-fat diet consumption is closely related to the development of obesity because it negatively modulates the hypothalamic control of food intake due to metaflammation and lipotoxicity. The use of animal models, such as rodents, in conjunction with in vitro models of hypothalamic cells, can enhance the understanding of hypothalamic functions related to the control of energy balance, thereby providing knowledge about the impact of diet on the hypothalamus, in addition to targets for the development of new drugs that can be used in humans to decrease body weight. Recently, sphingolipids were described as having a lipotoxic effect in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. Specifically, lipid overload, mainly from long-chain saturated fatty acids, such as palmitate, leads to excessive ceramide levels that can be sensed by the hypothalamus, triggering the dysregulation of energy balance control. However, no systematic review has been undertaken regarding studies of sphingolipids, particularly ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the hypothalamus, and obesity. This review confirms that ceramides are associated with hypothalamic dysfunction in response to metaflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and lipotoxicity, leading to insulin/leptin resistance. However, in contrast to ceramide, S1P appears to be a central satiety factor in the hypothalamus. Thus, our work describes current evidence related to sphingolipids and their role in hypothalamic energy balance control. Hypothetically, the manipulation of sphingolipid levels could be useful in enabling clinicians to treat obesity, particularly by decreasing ceramide levels and the inflammation/endoplasmic reticulum stress induced in response to overfeeding with saturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Reginato
- Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil;
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Alana Carolina Costa Veras
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Mayara da Nóbrega Baqueiro
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panzarin
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Piatezzi Siqueira
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13484-350, Brazil; (A.C.C.V.); (M.d.N.B.); (C.P.); (B.P.S.); (M.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
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Central Acting Hsp10 Regulates Mitochondrial Function, Fatty Acid Metabolism, and Insulin Sensitivity in the Hypothalamus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050711. [PMID: 33946318 PMCID: PMC8145035 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for hypothalamic function and regulators of metabolism. Hypothalamic mitochondrial dysfunction with decreased mitochondrial chaperone expression is present in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recently, we demonstrated that a dysregulated mitochondrial stress response (MSR) with reduced chaperone expression in the hypothalamus is an early event in obesity development due to insufficient insulin signaling. Although insulin activates this response and improves metabolism, the metabolic impact of one of its members, the mitochondrial chaperone heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10), is unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that a reduction of Hsp10 in hypothalamic neurons will impair mitochondrial function and impact brain insulin action. Therefore, we investigated the role of chaperone Hsp10 by introducing a lentiviral-mediated Hsp10 knockdown (KD) in the hypothalamic cell line CLU-183 and in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of C57BL/6N male mice. We analyzed mitochondrial function and insulin signaling utilizing qPCR, Western blot, XF96 Analyzer, immunohistochemistry, and microscopy techniques. We show that Hsp10 expression is reduced in T2D mice brains and regulated by leptin in vitro. Hsp10 KD in hypothalamic cells induced mitochondrial dysfunction with altered fatty acid metabolism and increased mitochondria-specific oxidative stress resulting in neuronal insulin resistance. Consequently, the reduction of Hsp10 in the ARC of C57BL/6N mice caused hypothalamic insulin resistance with acute liver insulin resistance.
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Wigger D, Schumacher F, Schneider-Schaulies S, Kleuser B. Sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and insulin signaling. Cell Signal 2021; 82:109959. [PMID: 33631318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is the main anabolic hormone secreted by β-cells of the pancreas stimulating the assimilation and storage of glucose in muscle and fat cells. It modulates the postprandial balance of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins via enhancing lipogenesis, glycogen and protein synthesis and suppressing glucose generation and its release from the liver. Resistance to insulin is a severe metabolic disorder related to a diminished response of peripheral tissues to the insulin action and signaling. This leads to a disturbed glucose homeostasis that precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease reaching epidemic proportions. A large number of studies reported an association between elevated circulating fatty acids and the development of insulin resistance. The increased fatty acid lipid flux results in the accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of tissues. However, lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerols and ceramides are also formed in response to elevated fatty acid levels. These bioactive lipids have been associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. More recently, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), another bioactive sphingolipid derivative, has also been shown to increase in T2D and obesity. Although many studies propose a protective role of S1P metabolism on insulin signaling in peripheral tissues, other studies suggest a causal role of S1P on insulin resistance. In this review, we critically summarize the current state of knowledge of S1P metabolism and its modulating role on insulin resistance. A particular emphasis is placed on S1P and insulin signaling in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In particular, modulation of receptors and enzymes that regulate S1P metabolism can be considered as a new therapeutic option for the treatment of insulin resistance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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Abdolahipour R, Nowrouzi A, Khalili MB, Meysamie A, Ardalani S. Aqueous Cichorium intybus L. seed extract may protect against acute palmitate-induced impairment in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells by adjusting the Akt/eNOS pathway, ROS: NO ratio and ET-1 concentration. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:1045-1059. [PMID: 33520822 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction, which is a vascular response to oxidative stress and inflammation, involves a cascade of downstream events that lead to decreased synthesis of insulin-mediated vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) and increased production of vasoconstrictor protein endothelin-1 (ET-1). NO, and ET-1 production by endothelial cells is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-eNOS axis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) axis of the insulin signaling pathway, respectively. Methods After treating the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with either palmitate complexed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) (abbreviated as PA) or the aqueous Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) seed extract (chicory seed extract, abbreviated as CSE) alone, and simultaneously together (PA + CSE), for 3, 12, and 24 h, we evaluated the capacity of CSE to reestablish the PA-induced imbalance between PI3K/Akt/eNOS and MAPK signaling pathways. The level of oxidative stress was determined by fluorimeter. Insulin-induced levels of NO and ET-1 were measured by Griess and ELISA methods, respectively. Western blotting was used to determine the extent of Akt and eNOS phosphorylation. Results Contrary to PA that caused an increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and attenuated NO production, CSE readjusted the NO/ROS ratio within 12 h. CSE improved the metabolic arm of the insulin signaling pathway by up-regulating the insulin-stimulated phospho-eNOS Ser1177/total eNOS and phospho-Akt Thr308/total Akt ratios and decreased ET-1 levels. Conclusions CSE ameliorated the PA-induced endothelial dysfunction not only by its anti-ROS property but also by selectively enhancing the protective arm and diminishing the injurious arm of insulin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Abdolahipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Nowrouzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alipasha Meysamie
- Department of Community & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samin Ardalani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhong F, Guan L, Lin H, Zhao M, Qin Y, Li Q, Yuan Z, Yang G, Gao L, Zhao J. Red Blood Cell Count: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:760981. [PMID: 34950103 PMCID: PMC8688742 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.760981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a global public health challenge. A convenient NAFLD indicator will greatly facilitate risk appraisal and prevention. As a readily available and inexpensive hematological index in routine clinical examinations, red blood cells (RBCs) are gaining increasing attention in many diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, but their association with NAFLD is unknown. METHODS This health management cohort study included 27,112 subjects (17,383 non-NAFLD and 9,729 NAFLD) with up to 5 years of follow-up (median 2.8 years). NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. NAFLD severity was categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. The generalized estimation equation (GEE), an extension of generalized linear models that allows for analysis of repeated measurements, was used to analyze the association between RBC count and NAFLD. RESULTS Overall, 4,332 of 17,383 (24.9%) subjects without NAFLD at baseline developed NAFLD. Incident NAFLD risk was positively associated with RBC count. After adjustment for hemoglobin and other confounders, the risk of incident NAFLD was 21%, 32%, and 51% higher in the second, third, and fourth RBC count quartiles, respectively, than in the lowest quartile. In 1,798 of 9,476 (19.0%) subjects with NAFLD at baseline, the severity of NAFLD increased. NAFLD progression risk increased progressively as RBC count increased (P for trend < 0.001). Every one-unit (1012 cells/L) increase in RBC count was associated with a 53% [OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.32-1.77)] increased risk for NAFLD progression. CONCLUSIONS Elevated RBC count was independently associated with a high risk of NAFLD incidence and progression. This finding revealed a convenient NAFLD risk indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Liying Guan
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qihang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajun Zhao,
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Rocha M, Apostolova N, Diaz-Rua R, Muntane J, Victor VM. Mitochondria and T2D: Role of Autophagy, ER Stress, and Inflammasome. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:725-741. [PMID: 32265079 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the main current threats to human health. Both T2D and its numerous clinical complications are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Over the past decade, great progress has been made in extending our knowledge about the signaling events regulated by mitochondria. However, the links among mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and activation of the inflammasome still need to be clarified. In light of this deficit, we aim to provide a review of the existing literature concerning the complicated crosstalk between mitochondrial impairment, autophagy, ER stress, and the inflammasome in the molecular pathogenesis of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Ruben Diaz-Rua
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntane
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital 'Virgen del Rocío'/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Department of General Surgery, University Hospital 'Virgen del Rocío'/CSIC/University of Seville/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Mitrofanova A, Drexler Y, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Role of Sphingolipid Signaling in Glomerular Diseases: Focus on DKD and FSGS. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2020; 1:56-69. [PMID: 32914148 PMCID: PMC7480905 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.1.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are well-recognized as major players in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including chronic kidney disease. The kidney is a very sensitive organ to alterations in sphingolipid metabolism. The critical issues to be addressed in this review relate to the role of sphingolipids and enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases with a special focus on podocytes, a key cellular component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Among several sphingolipids, we will highlight the role of ceramide, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate. Additionally, we will summarize the current knowledge with regard to the use of sphingolipids as therapeutic agents for the treatment of podocyte injury in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yelena Drexler
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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27
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Guitton J, Bandet CL, Mariko ML, Tan-Chen S, Bourron O, Benomar Y, Hajduch E, Le Stunff H. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism in the Regulation of Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:E1682. [PMID: 32668665 PMCID: PMC7407406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pathophysiological condition where excess free fatty acids (FFA) target and promote the dysfunctioning of insulin sensitive tissues and of pancreatic β cells. This leads to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, which culminates in the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). FFA, which accumulate in these tissues, are metabolized as lipid derivatives such as ceramide, and the ectopic accumulation of the latter has been shown to lead to lipotoxicity. Ceramide is an active lipid that inhibits the insulin signaling pathway as well as inducing pancreatic β cell death. In mammals, ceramide is a key lipid intermediate for sphingolipid metabolism as is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P levels have also been associated with the development of obesity and T2D. In this review, the current knowledge on S1P metabolism in regulating insulin signaling in pancreatic β cell fate and in the regulation of feeding by the hypothalamus in the context of obesity and T2D is summarized. It demonstrates that S1P can display opposite effects on insulin sensitive tissues and pancreatic β cells, which depends on its origin or its degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Guitton
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Cecile L. Bandet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed L. Mariko
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Diabétologie et Maladies métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yacir Benomar
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
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Apostolova N, Iannantuoni F, Gruevska A, Muntane J, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mechanisms of action of metformin in type 2 diabetes: Effects on mitochondria and leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101517. [PMID: 32535544 PMCID: PMC7296337 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a very prevalent, multisystemic, chronic metabolic disorder closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. It is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction and the presence of oxidative stress. Metformin is one of the safest and most effective anti-hyperglycaemic agents currently employed as first-line oral therapy for T2D. It has demonstrated additional beneficial effects, unrelated to its hypoglycaemic action, on weight loss and several diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders and metabolic diseases, including thyroid diseases. Despite the vast clinical experience gained over several decades of use, the mechanism of action of metformin is still not fully understood. This review provides an overview of the existing literature concerning the beneficial mitochondrial and vascular effects of metformin, which it exerts by diminishing oxidative stress and reducing leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Specifically, we describe the molecular mechanisms involved in metformin's effect on gluconeogenesis, its capacity to interfere with major metabolic pathways (AMPK and mTORC1), its action on mitochondria and its antioxidant effects. We also discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention based on these molecular actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Apostolova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia - FISABIO (Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition. University Hospital Doctor Peset, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Gruevska
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia - FISABIO (Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntane
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- CIBERehd (Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases), Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition. University Hospital Doctor Peset, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- CIBERehd (Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases), Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition. University Hospital Doctor Peset, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Kurano M, Tsukamoto K, Shimizu T, Kassai H, Nakao K, Aiba A, Hara M, Yatomi Y. Protection Against Insulin Resistance by Apolipoprotein M/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Diabetes 2020; 69:867-881. [PMID: 31915150 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Subjects with low serum HDL cholesterol levels are reported to be susceptible to diabetes, with insulin resistance believed to be the underlying pathological mechanism. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a carrier of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a multifunctional lipid mediator, on HDL, and the pleiotropic effects of HDL are believed to be mediated by S1P. In the current study, we attempted to investigate the potential association between apoM/S1P and insulin resistance. We observed that the serum levels of apoM were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes and that they were negatively correlated with BMI and the insulin resistance index. While deletion of apoM in mice was associated with worsening of insulin resistance, overexpression of apoM was associated with improvement of insulin resistance. Presumably, apoM/S1P exerts its protective effect against insulin resistance by activating insulin signaling pathways, such as the AKT and AMPK pathways, and also by improving the mitochondrial functions through upregulation of SIRT1 protein levels. These actions of apoM/S1P appear to be mediated via activation of S1P1 and/or S1P3. These results suggest that apoM/S1P exerts protective roles against the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Tsukamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism, Diabetes and Nephrology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomo Shimizu
- Research & Development Division, Tsukuba Research Institute, Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kassai
- Laboratory of Animal Resources, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakao
- Laboratory of Animal Resources, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsu Aiba
- Laboratory of Animal Resources, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Fang H, Feng Q, Shi Y, Zhou J, Wang Q, Zhong L. Hepatic insulin resistance induced by mitochondrial oxidative stress can be ameliorated by sphingosine 1-phosphate. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110660. [PMID: 31759099 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is considered to be involved in the development of insulin resistance (IR) via effects on oxidative stress; the mechanism however is not yet fully revealed. To this end, we investigated the role and mechanism of S1P on hepatic IR. We found that treatment of the normal human liver cell LO2 with 1000 nM insulin for 48 h reduced glucose uptake and increased serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1, indicating a reduction in insulin receptor signaling. Moreover, the same concentration of insulin caused accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cytosol and mitochondria, and enhanced expression of the antioxidant transcription factor (Nrf2) and upregulated Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Using known inhibitors and donors of ROS (H2O2, ·O2-, ·OH), the results demonstrated the differential roles for the specific ROS in regulating IR in LO2 cells, with H2O2 having a more significant inhibitory role compared with ·O2- and ·OH. Cell treatment with S1P at 0.1-5.0 μM reversed the effects of high insulin concentrations on ROS generation, glucose uptake, and insulin signaling. H2O2 also reversed the beneficial effects of S1P in alleviating IR. These results show that H2O2 signaling plays a key determinant in hepatic IR induced by insulin. S1P can ameliorate hepatic IR by reducing mitochondrial ROS generation, and the possible anti-IR effect mechanism may be involved in H2O2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qiong Feng
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yunxiang Shi
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiping Zhou
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Liyong Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Choi S, Snider JM, Cariello CP, Lambert JM, Anderson AK, Cowart LA, Snider AJ. Sphingosine kinase 1 is required for myristate-induced TNFα expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 149:106423. [PMID: 32006664 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFA) have been known to trigger inflammatory signaling in metabolic tissues; however, the effects of specific SFAs in the intestinal epithelium have not been well studied. Several previous studies have implicated disruptions in sphingolipid metabolism by oversupply of SFAs in inflammatory process. Also, our previous studies have implicated sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as having key roles in the regulation of inflammatory processes in the intestinal epithelium. Therefore, to define the role for specific SFAs in inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells, we examined myristate (C14:0) and palmitate (C16:0). Myristate, but not palmitate, significantly induced the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and it was SK1-dependent. Interestingly, myristate-induced TNFα expression was not suppressed by inhibition of S1P receptors (S1PRs), hinting at a potential novel intracellular target of S1P. Additionally, myristate regulated the expression of TNFα via JNK activation in an SK1-dependent manner, suggesting a novel S1PR-independent target as a mediator between SK1 and JNK in response to myristate. Lastly, a myristate-enriched milk fat-based diet (MFBD) increased expression of TNFα in colon tissues and elevated the S1P to sphingosine ratio, demonstrating the potential of myristate-involved pathobiologies in intestinal tissues. Taken together our studies suggest that myristate regulates the expression of TNFα in the intestinal epithelium via regulation of SK1 and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhwa Choi
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Justin M Snider
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Chris P Cariello
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Johana M Lambert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Andrea K Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - L Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA.
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32
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Qi Y, Wang W, Song Z, Aji G, Liu XT, Xia P. Role of Sphingosine Kinase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:627076. [PMID: 33633691 PMCID: PMC7899982 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.627076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a class of essential lipids, functioning as both cell membrane constituents and signaling messengers. In the sphingolipid metabolic network, ceramides serve as the central hub that is hydrolyzed to sphingosine, followed by phosphorylation to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) by sphingosine kinase (SphK). SphK is regarded as a "switch" of the sphingolipid rheostat, as it catalyzes the conversion of ceramide/sphingosine to S1P, which often exhibit opposing biological roles in the cell. Besides, SphK is an important signaling enzyme that has been implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of biological functions. In recent years, an increasing body of evidence has suggested a critical role of SphK in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), although a certain level of controversy remains. Herein, we review recent findings related to SphK in the field of T2D research with a focus on peripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure. It is expected that a comprehensive understanding of the role of SphK and the associated sphingolipids in T2D will help to identify druggable targets for future anti-diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Qi
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Pu Xia,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gulibositan Aji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Tracy Liu
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pu Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Pu Xia,
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Sphingolipids in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Ceramide Turnover. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010040. [PMID: 31861664 PMCID: PMC6982102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD comprises a group of conditions characterized by the accumulation of hepatic lipids that can eventually lead to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth most common cancer type with a poor survival rate. In this context, several works have pointed out perturbations in lipid metabolism and, particularly, changes in bioactive sphingolipids, as a hallmark of NAFLD and derived HCC. In the present work, we have reviewed existing literature about sphingolipids and the development of NAFLD and NAFLD-derived HCC. During metabolic syndrome, considered a risk factor for steatosis development, an increase in ceramide and sphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been reported. Likewise, other reports have highlighted that increased sphingomyelin and ceramide content is observed during steatosis and NASH. Ceramide also plays a role in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, acting synergistically with S1P. Finally, during HCC, metabolic fluxes are redirected to reduce cellular ceramide levels whilst increasing S1P to support tumor growth.
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34
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Torretta E, Barbacini P, Al-Daghri NM, Gelfi C. Sphingolipids in Obesity and Correlated Co-Morbidities: The Contribution of Gender, Age and Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235901. [PMID: 31771303 PMCID: PMC6929069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews our present knowledge on the contribution of ceramide (Cer), sphingomyelin (SM), dihydroceramide (DhCer) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in obesity and related co-morbidities. Specifically, in this paper, we address the role of acyl chain composition in bodily fluids for monitoring obesity in males and females, in aging persons and in situations of environmental hypoxia adaptation. After a brief introduction on sphingolipid synthesis and compartmentalization, the node of detection methods has been critically revised as the node of the use of animal models. The latter do not recapitulate the human condition, making it difficult to compare levels of sphingolipids found in animal tissues and human bodily fluids, and thus, to find definitive conclusions. In human subjects, the search for putative biomarkers has to be performed on easily accessible material, such as serum. The serum “sphingolipidome” profile indicates that attention should be focused on specific acyl chains associated with obesity, per se, since total Cer and SM levels coupled with dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency can be confounding factors. Furthermore, exposure to hypoxia indicates a relationship between dyslipidemia, obesity, oxygen level and aerobic/anaerobic metabolism, thus, opening new research avenues in the role of sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Pietro Barbacini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
- Ph.D. school in Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department,College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (P.B.)
- I.R.C.C.S Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-025-033-0475
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35
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Mitrofanova A, Sosa MA, Fornoni A. Lipid mediators of insulin signaling in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1241-F1252. [PMID: 31545927 PMCID: PMC6879940 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00379.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects ∼40% of patients with diabetes and is associated with high mortality rates. Among different cellular targets in DKD, podocytes, highly specialized epithelial cells of the glomerular filtration barrier, are injured in the early stages of DKD. Both clinical and experimental data support the role of preserved insulin signaling as a major contributor to podocyte function and survival. However, little is known about the key modulators of podocyte insulin signaling. This review summarizes the novel knowledge that intracellular lipids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids are major determinants of podocyte insulin signaling. In particular, the implications of these lipids on DKD development, progression, and treatment will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Marie Anne Sosa
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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36
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Liu K, Cui K, Feng H, Li R, Lin H, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yuan H, Li M, Wang T, Lan R, Liu J, Rao K, Wen B. JTE‐013 supplementation improves erectile dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin‐induced type Ⅰ diabetes through the inhibition of the rho‐kinase pathway, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Andrology 2019; 8:497-508. [PMID: 31610097 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Liu
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - K. Cui
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Feng
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University Shenzhen China
| | - R. Li
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Lin
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Y. Chen
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Z. Chen
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Yuan
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - M. Li
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - T. Wang
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - R. Lan
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - J. Liu
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - K. Rao
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - B. Wen
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University Shenzhen China
- Department of Urology Shenzhen Bao'an Shajing People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical University Shenzhen China
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37
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Funcke JB, Scherer PE. Beyond adiponectin and leptin: adipose tissue-derived mediators of inter-organ communication. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1648-1684. [PMID: 31209153 PMCID: PMC6795086 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r094060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue-secreted signaling mediators (adipokines) have been identified since then, and much has been learned about how adipose tissue communicates with other organs of the body to maintain systemic homeostasis. Beyond proteins, additional factors, such as lipids, metabolites, noncoding RNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by adipose tissue participate in this process. Here, we review the diverse signaling mediators and mechanisms adipose tissue utilizes to relay information to other organs. We discuss recently identified adipokines (proteins, lipids, and metabolites) and briefly outline the contributions of noncoding RNAs and EVs to the ever-increasing complexities of adipose tissue inter-organ communication. We conclude by reflecting on central aspects of adipokine biology, namely, the contribution of distinct adipose tissue depots and cell types to adipokine secretion, the phenomenon of adipokine resistance, and the capacity of adipose tissue to act both as a source and sink of signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Abstract
The cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not limited to impaired insulin signalling but also involves the complex interplay of multiple metabolic pathways. The analysis of large data sets generated by metabolomics and lipidomics has shed new light on the roles of metabolites such as lipids, amino acids and bile acids in modulating insulin sensitivity. Metabolites can regulate insulin sensitivity directly by modulating components of the insulin signalling pathway, such as insulin receptor substrates (IRSs) and AKT, and indirectly by altering the flux of substrates through multiple metabolic pathways, including lipogenesis, lipid oxidation, protein synthesis and degradation and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Moreover, the post-translational modification of proteins by metabolites and lipids, including acetylation and palmitoylation, can alter protein function. Furthermore, the role of the microbiota in regulating substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity is unfolding. In this Review, we discuss the emerging roles of metabolites in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and T2DM. A comprehensive understanding of the metabolic adaptations involved in insulin resistance may enable the identification of novel targets for improving insulin sensitivity and preventing, and treating, T2DM.
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39
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Fang Z, Pyne S, Pyne NJ. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100991. [PMID: 31442525 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Fang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Susan Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
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40
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Le Stunff H, Véret J, Kassis N, Denom J, Meneyrol K, Paul JL, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Magnan C, Janel N. Deciphering the Link Between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Ceramide Metabolism in Alzheimer-Type Neurodegeneration. Front Neurol 2019; 10:807. [PMID: 31417486 PMCID: PMC6684947 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, several data suggest that dyslipidemia can either contribute or serve as co-factors in AD appearance. AD could be examined as a metabolic disorder mediated by peripheral insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is associated with dyslipidemia, which results in increased hepatic ceramide generation. Hepatic steatosis induces pro-inflammatory cytokine activation which is mediated by the increased ceramides production. Ceramides levels increased in cells due to perturbation in sphingolipid metabolism and upregulated expression of enzymes involved in ceramide synthesis. Cytotoxic ceramides and related molecules generated in liver promote insulin resistance, traffic through the circulation due to injury or cell death caused by local liver inflammation, and because of their hydrophobic nature, they can cross the blood-brain barrier and thereby exert neurotoxic responses as reducing insulin signaling and increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. These abnormalities propagate a cascade of neurodegeneration associated with oxidative stress and ceramide generation, which potentiate brain insulin resistance, apoptosis, myelin degeneration, and neuro-inflammation. Therefore, excess of toxic lipids generated in liver can cause neurodegeneration. Elevated homocysteine level is also a risk factor for AD pathology and is narrowly associated with metabolic diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The existence of a homocysteine/ceramides signaling pathway suggests that homocysteine toxicity could be partly mediated by intracellular ceramide accumulation due to stimulation of ceramide synthase. In this article, we briefly examined the role of homocysteine and ceramide metabolism linking metabolic diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to AD. We therefore analyzed the expression of mainly enzymes implicated in ceramide and sphingolipid metabolism and demonstrated deregulation of de novo ceramide biosynthesis and S1P metabolism in liver and brain of hyperhomocysteinemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Le Stunff
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, France
| | - Julien Véret
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Nadim Kassis
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Denom
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Louis Paul
- AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France
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41
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Derakhshani S, Kurz A, Japtok L, Schumacher F, Pilgram L, Steinke M, Kleuser B, Sauer M, Schneider-Schaulies S, Avota E. Measles Virus Infection Fosters Dendritic Cell Motility in a 3D Environment to Enhance Transmission to Target Cells in the Respiratory Epithelium. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1294. [PMID: 31231395 PMCID: PMC6560165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission of measles virus (MV) from dendritic to airway epithelial cells is considered as crucial to viral spread late in infection. Therefore, pathways and effectors governing this process are promising targets for intervention. To identify these, we established a 3D respiratory tract model where MV transmission by infected dendritic cells (DCs) relied on the presence of nectin-4 on H358 lung epithelial cells. Access to recipient cells is an important prerequisite for transmission, and we therefore analyzed migration of MV-exposed DC cultures within the model. Surprisingly, enhanced motility toward the epithelial layer was observed for MV-infected DCs as compared to their uninfected siblings. This occurred independently of factors released from H358 cells indicating that MV infection triggered cytoskeletal remodeling associated with DC polarization enforced velocity. Accordingly, the latter was also observed for MV-infected DCs in collagen matrices and was particularly sensitive to ROCK inhibition indicating infected DCs preferentially employed the amoeboid migration mode. This was also implicated by loss of podosomes and reduced filopodial activity both of which were retained in MV-exposed uninfected DCs. Evidently, sphingosine kinase (SphK) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as produced in response to virus-infection in DCs contributed to enhanced velocity because this was abrogated upon inhibition of sphingosine kinase activity. These findings indicate that MV infection promotes a push-and-squeeze fast amoeboid migration mode via the SphK/S1P system characterized by loss of filopodia and podosome dissolution. Consequently, this enables rapid trafficking of virus toward epithelial cells during viral exit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Kurz
- Department for Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lukasz Japtok
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Pilgram
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Steinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department for Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Elita Avota
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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42
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Rohrbach TD, Asgharpour A, Maczis MA, Montefusco D, Cowart LA, Bedossa P, Sanyal AJ, Spiegel S. FTY720/fingolimod decreases hepatic steatosis and expression of fatty acid synthase in diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1311-1322. [PMID: 31110049 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m093799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a leading cause of liver dysfunction, is a metabolic disease that begins with steatosis. Sphingolipid metabolites, particularly ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), have recently received attention for their potential roles in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. FTY720/fingolimod, a prodrug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, is phosphorylated in vivo to its active phosphorylated form by sphingosine kinase 2 and has been shown to interfere with the actions of S1P and to inhibit ceramide biosynthesis. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of FTY720 in a diet-induced animal model of NAFLD (DIAMOND) that recapitulates the hallmarks of the human disease. The oral administration of FTY720 to these mice fed a high-fat diet and sugar water improved glucose tolerance and reduced steatosis. In addition to decreasing liver triglycerides, FTY720 also reduced hepatic sphingolipid levels, including ceramides, monohexosylceramides, and sphingomyelins, particularly the C16:0 and C24:1 species, as well as S1P and dihydro-S1P. FTY720 administration decreased diet-induced fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression in DIAMOND mice without affecting other key enzymes in lipogenesis. FTY720 had no effect on the expression of SREBP-1c, which transcriptionally activates FASN. However, in agreement with the notion that the active phosphorylated form of FTY720 is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases, FTY720-P accumulated in the liver, and histone H3K9 acetylation was markedly increased in these mice. Hence, FTY720 might be useful for attenuating FASN expression and triglyceride accumulation associated with steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Rohrbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Amon Asgharpour
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Melissa A Maczis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - David Montefusco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - L Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA.,Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Pierre Bedossa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
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Plöhn S, Edelmann B, Japtok L, He X, Hose M, Hansen W, Schuchman EH, Eckstein A, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U. CD40 Enhances Sphingolipids in Orbital Fibroblasts: Potential Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Inflammatory T-Cell Migration in Graves' Orbitopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:5391-5397. [PMID: 30452592 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune orbital disorder associated with Graves' disease caused by thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies. Orbital fibroblasts (OFs) and CD40 play a key role in disease pathogenesis. The bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been implicated in promoting adipogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation in OFs. We investigated the role of CD40 signaling in inducing S1P activity in orbital inflammation. Methods OFs and T cells were derived from GO patients and healthy control (Ctl) persons. S1P abundance in orbital tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence. OFs were stimulated with CD40 ligand and S1P levels were determined by ELISA. Further, activities of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), acid ceramidase, and sphingosine kinase were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography. Sphingosine and ceramide contents were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Finally, the role for S1P in T-cell attraction was investigated by T-cell migration assays. Results GO orbital tissue showed elevated amounts of S1P as compared to control samples. Stimulation of CD40 induced S1P expression in GO-derived OFs, while Ctl-OFs remained unaffected. A significant increase of ASM and sphingosine kinase activities, as well as lipid formation, was observed in GO-derived OFs. Migration assay of T cells in the presence of SphK inhibitor revealed that S1P released by GO-OFs attracted T cells for migration. Conclusions The results demonstrated that CD40 ligand stimulates GO fibroblast to produce S1P, which is a driving force for T-cell migration. The results support the use of S1P receptor signaling modulators in GO management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Plöhn
- Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Bärbel Edelmann
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department for Haematology and Oncology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lukasz Japtok
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xingxuan He
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Matthias Hose
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Buie JNJ, Hammad SM, Nietert PJ, Magwood G, Adams RJ, Bonilha L, Sims-Robinson C. Differences in plasma levels of long chain and very long chain ceramides between African Americans and whites: An observational study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216213. [PMID: 31067249 PMCID: PMC6505935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Population-wide reductions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not been equally shared in the African American community due to a higher burden of CVD risk factors such as metabolic disorders and obesity. Differential concentrations of sphingolipids such as ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been associated with the development of CVD, metabolic disorders (MetD), and obesity. Whether African Americans have disparate expression levels of sphingolipids that explain higher burdens of CVD remains unknown. Methods A cross sectional analysis of plasma concentrations of ceramides, sphingosine, and S1P were measured from 8 whites and 7 African Americans without metabolic disorders and 7 whites and 8 African Americans with metabolic disorders using high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methodology (HPLC/MS-MS). Subjects were stratified by both race and metabolic status. Subjects with one or more of the following physician confirmed diagnosis: diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or dyslipidemia were classified as having metabolic disease (MetD). Data was analyzed using a Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Total ceramide levels were increased in African Americans compared to African Americans with MetD. Ceramide C16 levels were higher in whites with MetD compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.05). Ceramide C20 levels were higher in whites with MetD compared to whites. Ceramide C20 levels were higher in African Americans compared to African Americans with MetD. Furthermore, whites with MetD had higher levels of C20 compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.0001). Ceramide C24:0 and C24:1 in African Americans was higher compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.05). The plasma concentration of Sph-1P ceramide was higher in African Americans vs whites (p = 0.01). Lastly, ceramide C20 negatively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in our study cohort. Conclusions Plasma ceramide concentration patterns are distinct in African Americans with MetD. Further research with larger samples sizes are needed to confirm these findings and to understand whether racial disparities in sphingolipid concentrations have potential therapeutic implications for CVD-related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy N. Jones Buie
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Samar M. Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Gayenell Magwood
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Adams
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Leonardo Bonilha
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Catrina Sims-Robinson
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:145-159. [PMID: 30951736 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increased adipose tissue mass of obese individuals enhances the risk of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. During pathological expansion of adipose tissue, multiple molecular controls of lipid storage, adipocyte turn-over and endocrine secretion are perturbed and abnormal lipid metabolism results in a distinct lipid profile. There is a role for ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in inducing adipose dysfunction. For instance, the alteration of ceramide biosynthesis, through the de-regulation of key enzymes, results in aberrant formation of ceramides (e.g. C16:0 and C18:0) which block insulin signaling and promote adipose inflammation. Furthermore, S1P can induce defective adipose tissue phenotypes by promoting chronic inflammation and inhibiting adipogenesis. These abnormal changes are discussed in the context of possible therapeutic approaches to re-establish normal adipose function and to, thereby, increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Such novel approaches include blockade of ceramide biosynthesis using inhibitors of sphingomyelinase or dihydroceramide desaturase and by antagonism of S1P receptors, such as S1P2.
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Botta A, Liu Y, Wannaiampikul S, Tungtrongchitr R, Dadson K, Park TS, Sweeney G. An adiponectin-S1P axis protects against lipid induced insulin resistance and cardiomyocyte cell death via reduction of oxidative stress. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:14. [PMID: 30828353 PMCID: PMC6385438 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin exerts several beneficial cardiovascular effects, however their specific molecular mechanisms require additional understanding. This study investigated the mechanisms of adiponectin action in the heart during high fat diet (HFD) feeding or in palmitate (PA) treated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. METHODS 6-week-old male adiponectin knock out (Ad-KO) mice were fed chow or 60% HFD for 6 weeks then received saline or recombinant adiponectin (3μg/g body weight) for an additional 2 weeks. After acute insulin stimulation (4 U/kg), tissue and serum samples were collected for analysis. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated ±0.1 mM PA, the adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon, or the antioxidant MnTBAP then assays to analyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death were conducted. To specifically determine the mechanistic role of S1P, gain and loss of function studies were conducted with adding S1P to cells or the inhibitors THI and SKI-II, respectively. RESULTS HFD feeding induced cardiac insulin resistance in Ad-KO mice, which was reversed following replenishment of normal circulating adiponectin levels. In addition, myocardial total triglyceride was elevated by HFD and lipidomic analysis showed increased levels of ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), with only the latter being corrected by adiponectin administration. Similarly, treatment of H9C2 cardiomyoblasts with PA led to a significant increase of intracellular S1P but not in conditioned media whereas AdipoRon significantly increased S1P production and secretion from cells. AdipoRon or the antioxidant MnTBAP significantly reduced PA-induced cell death. Gain and loss of function studies suggested S1P secretion and autocrine receptor activation mediated the effect of AdipoRon to attenuate PA-induced ROS production and cell death. CONCLUSION Our data establish adiponectin signaling-mediated increase in S1P secretion as a mechanism via which HFD or PA induced cardiomyocyte lipotoxicity, leading to insulin resistance and cell death, is attenuated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Botta
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Sivaporn Wannaiampikul
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungsunn Tungtrongchitr
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Keith Dadson
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Sungnam, South Korea
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada
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Nejatian N, Trautmann S, Thomas D, Pfeilschifter J, Badenhoop K, Koch A, Penna-Martinez M. Vitamin D effects on sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling and metabolism in monocytes from type 2 diabetes patients and controls. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 186:130-135. [PMID: 30336275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated sphingosine 1-phopshate (S1P) concentration was observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). On the other side, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) can influence the formation of sphingosine 1-phopshate (S1P) and the expression of S1P receptors, which are known to be involved in T2D. In order to evaluate mechanisms for the antiinflammatory potential of 1,25(OH)2D3, we investigated whether 1,25(OH)2D3 alters S1P signaling and metabolism in human CD14+ monocytes. Primary monocytes isolated from healthy controls (HC) and T2D patients were treated for 24 h with 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 in the absence or presence of 500 IU/ml interleukin-(IL)-1β. Thereafter, sphingosine kinase (SPHK)1, SPHK2 and S1P receptor 1-5 (S1P1-5) mRNA expression levels were measured by TaqMan™ analyses. Sphingolipid levels in cell supernatant were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment downregulated S1P1 and S1P2 mRNA expression compared to untreated monocytes of HC and T2D patients. In contrast, SPHK1, S1P3 and S1P4 mRNA expression levels were upregulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment compared to the respective controls. Furthermore, reduced S1P2 and increased S1P3 and S1P4 mRNA expression levels upon treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 occurred in the presence of IL-1β. Additionally, S1P levels in cell supernatants were decreased in monocytes from HC and T2D patients by 1,25(OH)2D3 with or without IL-1β costimulation. The levels of sphingosine in cell supernatants were not influenced by 1,25(OH)2D3. Overall, our results demonstrate for the first time that 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment can influence S1P receptor and SPHK expression and S1P levels in primary monocytes of both HC and subjects with T2D. These findings justify further investigations into the sphingolipid metabolism and potential benefits of vitamin D treatment in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nojan Nejatian
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Department of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marissa Penna-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Ravichandran S, Finlin BS, Kern PA, Özcan S. Sphk2 -/- mice are protected from obesity and insulin resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:570-576. [PMID: 30593892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases phosphorylate sphingosine to sphingosine 1‑phosphate (S1P), which functions as a signaling molecule. We have previously shown that sphingosine kinase 2 (Sphk2) is important for insulin secretion. To obtain a better understanding of the role of Sphk2 in glucose and lipid metabolism, we have characterized 20- and 52-week old Sphk2-/- mice using glucose and insulin tolerance tests and by analyzing metabolic gene expression in adipose tissue. A detailed metabolic characterization of these mice revealed that aging Sphk2-/- mice are protected from metabolic decline and obesity compared to WT mice. Specifically, we found that 52-week old male Sphk2-/- mice had decreased weight and fat mass, and increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to control mice. Indirect calorimetry studies demonstrated an increased energy expenditure and food intake in 52-week old male Sphk2-/- versus control mice. Furthermore, expression of adiponectin gene in adipose tissue was increased and the plasma levels of adiponectin elevated in aged Sphk2-/- mice compared to WT. Analysis of lipid metabolic gene expression in adipose tissue showed increased expression of the Atgl gene, which was associated with increased Atgl protein levels. Atgl encodes for the adipocyte triglyceride lipase, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of lipolysis. In summary, these data suggest that mice lacking the Sphk2 gene are protected from obesity and insulin resistance during aging. The beneficial metabolic effects observed in aged Sphk2-/- mice may be in part due to enhanced lipolysis by Atgl and increased levels of adiponectin, which has lipid- and glucose-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetha Ravichandran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Brian S Finlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Philip A Kern
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Sabire Özcan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America.
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Rovira-Llopis S, Apostolova N, Bañuls C, Muntané J, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mitochondria, the NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Sirtuins in Type 2 Diabetes: New Therapeutic Targets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:749-791. [PMID: 29256638 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia can lead to the development of comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and microvascular/macrovascular complications. Both type 2 diabetes and its complications are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Type 2 diabetes is also a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to inflammasome activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukins (ILs) IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, sirtuins are energetic sensors that respond to metabolic load, which highlights their relevance in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Recent Advances: Over the past decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the signaling events regulated by mitochondria, inflammasomes, and sirtuins. Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is the best characterized inflammasome, and the generation of oxidant species seems to be critical for its activation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and altered sirtuin levels have been observed in type 2 diabetes. Critical Issue: Despite increasing evidence of the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and of their participation in type 2 diabetes physiopathology, therapeutic strategies to combat type 2 diabetes that target NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins are yet to be consolidated. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In this review article, we attempt to provide an overview of the existing literature concerning the crosstalk between mitochondrial impairment and the inflammasome, with particular attention to cellular and mitochondrial redox metabolism and the potential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition, we discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention based on these molecular interactions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 749-791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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Tanaka S, Kanazawa I, Sugimoto T. Visceral fat accumulation is associated with increased plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 143:146-150. [PMID: 30006309 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence has shown that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays roles in glucose and fat metabolism. However, the association between plasma S1P levels and fat mass, especially visceral fat mass, remains unknown. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 80 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were recruited to investigate the association of plasma S1P levels with body fat parameters. Visceral (VFA) and subcutaneous fat (SFA) areas were evaluated by performing computed tomography scan, and fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM) were examined by whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, T2DM duration, serum creatinine, and body mass index (BMI) showed that S1P was significantly and positively associated with fasting plasma glucose (β = 0.25, p = 0.027), HbA1c (β = 0.28, p = 0.012), and urine C-peptide (β = 0.29, p = 0.014). Moreover, multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, T2DM duration, serum creatinine, HbA1c, and urine C-peptide showed that BMI (β = 0.32, p = 0.008), VFA (β = 0.33, p = 0.008), SFA (β = 0.26, p = 0.039), FM (β = 0.37, p = 0.003), and LBM (β = 0.35, p = 0.01). FM was significantly and positively associated with S1P after additional adjustment for LBM (β = 0.29, p = 0.028), whereas LBM was not after adjustment for FM. Moreover, VFA was significantly and positively associated with S1P after additional adjustment for SFA (β = 0.27, p = 0.039), whereas SFA was not after adjustment for VFA. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that increased plasma S1P levels are associated with blood glucose levels and accumulation of fat mass, especially visceral fat mass, in men with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ippei Kanazawa
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Toshitsugu Sugimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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