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McKenna CF, Stierwalt HD, Zemski Berry KA, Ehrlicher SE, Robinson MM, Zarini S, Kahn DE, Snell-Bergeon JK, Perreault L, Bergman BC, Newsom SA. Intramuscular diacylglycerol accumulates with acute hyperinsulinemia in insulin-resistant phenotypes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E183-E193. [PMID: 38895980 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00368.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Elevated skeletal muscle diacylglycerols (DAGs) and ceramides can impair insulin signaling, and acylcarnitines (acylCNs) reflect impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, thus, the intramuscular lipid profile is indicative of insulin resistance. Acute (i.e., postprandial) hyperinsulinemia has been shown to elevate lipid concentrations in healthy muscle and is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unclear how the relationship between acute hyperinsulinemia and the muscle lipidome interacts across metabolic phenotypes, thus contributing to or exacerbating insulin resistance. We therefore investigated the impact of acute hyperinsulinemia on the skeletal muscle lipid profile to help characterize the physiological basis in which hyperinsulinemia elevates T2D risk. In a cross-sectional comparison, endurance athletes (n = 12), sedentary lean adults (n = 12), and individuals with obesity (n = 13) and T2D (n = 7) underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with muscle biopsies. Although there were no significant differences in total 1,2-DAG fluctuations, there was a 2% decrease in athletes versus a 53% increase in T2D during acute hyperinsulinemia (P = 0.087). Moreover, C18 1,2-DAG species increased during the clamp with T2D only, which negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.050). Basal muscle C18:0 total ceramides were elevated with T2D (P = 0.029), but not altered by clamp. Acylcarnitines were universally lowered during hyperinsulinemia, with more robust reductions of 80% in athletes compared with only 46% with T2D (albeit not statistically significant, main effect of group, P = 0.624). Similar fluctuations with acute hyperinsulinemia increasing 1,2 DAGs in insulin-resistant phenotypes and universally lowering acylcarnitines were observed in male mice. In conclusion, acute hyperinsulinemia elevates muscle 1,2-DAG levels with insulin-resistant phenotypes. This suggests a possible dysregulation of intramuscular lipid metabolism in the fed state in individuals with low insulin sensitivity, which may exacerbate insulin resistance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Postprandial hyperinsulinemia is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and may increase muscle lipids. However, it is unclear how the relationship between acute hyperinsulinemia and the muscle lipidome interacts across metabolic phenotypes, thus contributing to insulin resistance. We observed that acute hyperinsulinemia elevates muscle 1,2-DAGs in insulin-resistant phenotypes, whereas ceramides were unaltered. Insulin-mediated acylcarnitine reductions are also hindered with high-fat feeding. The postprandial period may exacerbate insulin resistance in metabolically unhealthy phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen F McKenna
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Harrison D Stierwalt
- School of Exercise, Sport, and Health Sciences, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
| | - Karin A Zemski Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Sarah E Ehrlicher
- School of Exercise, Sport, and Health Sciences, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
| | - Matthew M Robinson
- School of Exercise, Sport, and Health Sciences, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
| | - Simona Zarini
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Darcy E Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Janet K Snell-Bergeon
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Leigh Perreault
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Sean A Newsom
- School of Exercise, Sport, and Health Sciences, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States
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Simsek Papur O, Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP. Protein kinase-D1 and downstream signaling mechanisms involved in GLUT4 translocation in cardiac muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119748. [PMID: 38723678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The Ser/Thr kinase protein kinase-D1 (PKD1) is involved in induction of various cell physiological processes in the heart such as myocellular hypertrophy and inflammation, which may turn maladaptive during long-term stimulation. Of special interest is a key role of PKD1 in the regulation of cardiac substrate metabolism. Glucose and fatty acids are the most important substrates for cardiac energy provision, and the ratio at which they are utilized determines the health status of the heart. Cardiac glucose uptake is mainly regulated by translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 from intracellular stores (endosomes) to the sarcolemma, and fatty acid uptake via a parallel translocation of fatty acid transporter CD36 from endosomes to the sarcolemma. PKD1 is involved in the regulation of GLUT4 translocation, but not CD36 translocation, giving it the ability to modulate glucose uptake without affecting fatty acid uptake, thereby altering the cardiac substrate balance. PKD1 would therefore serve as an attractive target to combat cardiac metabolic diseases with a tilted substrate balance, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, PKD1 activation also elicits cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation. Therefore, identification of the events upstream and downstream of PKD1 may provide superior therapeutic targets to alter the cardiac substrate balance. Recent studies have identified the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIβ (PI4KIIIβ) as signaling hub downstream of PKD1 to selectively stimulate GLUT4-mediated myocardial glucose uptake without inducing hypertrophy. Taken together, the PKD1 signaling pathway serves a pivotal role in cardiac glucose metabolism and is a promising target to selectively modulate glucose uptake in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlenen Simsek Papur
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center(+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center(+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Spaggiari R, Angelini S, Di Vincenzo A, Scaglione G, Morrone S, Finello V, Fagioli S, Castaldo F, Sanz JM, Sergi D, Passaro A. Ceramides as Emerging Players in Cardiovascular Disease: Focus on Their Pathogenetic Effects and Regulation by Diet. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100252. [PMID: 38876397 PMCID: PMC11263787 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired lipid metabolism is a pivotal driver of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this regard, the accumulation of ceramides within the circulation as well as in metabolically active tissues and atherosclerotic plaques is a direct consequence of derailed lipid metabolism. Ceramides may be at the nexus between impaired lipid metabolism and CVD. Indeed, although on one hand ceramides have been implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD, on the other specific ceramide subspecies have also been proposed as predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events. This review will provide an updated overview of the role of ceramides in the pathogenesis of CVD, as well as their pathogenetic mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the manuscript will cover the importance of ceramides as biomarkers to predict cardiovascular events and the role of diet, both in terms of nutrients and dietary patterns, in modulating ceramide metabolism and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Spaggiari
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sharon Angelini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Vincenzo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gerarda Scaglione
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sara Morrone
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Finello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sofia Fagioli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabiola Castaldo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana M Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
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Guo B, Li QY, Liu XJ, Luo GH, Wu YJ, Nie J. Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: Vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase as a potential link. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2577-2595. [PMID: 38419188 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Globally, the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing year by year, causing a huge economic and social burden, and their pathogenesis and aetiology have been proven to have a certain correlation. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that vacuolar adenosine triphosphatases (v-ATPases) in eukaryotes, which are biomolecules regulating lysosomal acidification and glycolipid metabolism, play a key role in DM and AD. This article describes the role of v-ATPase in DM and AD, including its role in glycolysis, insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR), as well as its relationship with lysosomal acidification, autophagy and β-amyloid (Aβ). In DM, v-ATPase is involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and IR. v-ATPase is closely related to glycolysis. On the one hand, v-ATPase affects the rate of glycolysis by affecting the secretion of insulin and changing the activities of key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK) and phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1). On the other hand, glucose is the main regulator of this enzyme, and the assembly and activity of v-ATPase depend on glucose, and glucose depletion will lead to its decomposition and inactivation. In addition, v-ATPase can also regulate free fatty acids, thereby improving IR. In AD, v-ATPase can not only improve the abnormal brain energy metabolism by affecting lysosomal acidification and autophagy but also change the deposition of Aβ by affecting the production and degradation of Aβ. Therefore, v-ATPase may be the bridge between DM and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qi-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue-Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guo-Hui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ya-Juan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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5
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Alqallaf J, Orange ST, Matu J, Griffiths A, Johnson K, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Holliday A, Wilson O. The Effect of High-Fat Diet on Intramyocellular Lipid Content in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. J Nutr 2024; 154:1087-1100. [PMID: 38417551 PMCID: PMC11007750 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids are stored within the muscle as intramyocellular lipids (IMCL). Some, but not all, studies indicate that following a high-fat diet (HFD), IMCL may accumulate and affect insulin sensitivity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of an HFD on IMCL. It also explored the potential modifying effects of HFD fat content and duration, IMCL measurement technique, physical activity status, and the associations of IMCL with insulin sensitivity. Five databases were systematically searched for studies that examined the effect of ≥3 d of HFD (>35% daily energy intake from fat) on IMCL content in healthy individuals. Meta-regressions were used to investigate associations of the HFD total fat content, duration, physical activity status, IMCL measurement technique, and insulin sensitivity with IMCL responses. Changes in IMCL content and insulin sensitivity (assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) are presented as standardized mean difference (SMD) using a random effects model with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and 16 in the meta-analysis. IMCL content increased following HFD (SMD = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.94, P = 0.001). IMCL accumulation was not influenced by total fat content (P = 0.832) or duration (P = 0.844) of HFD, physical activity status (P = 0.192), or by the IMCL measurement technique (P > 0.05). Insulin sensitivity decreased following HFD (SMD = -0.34; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.16; P = 0.003), but this was not related to the increase in IMCL content following HFD (P = 0.233). Consumption of an HFD (>35% daily energy intake from fat) for ≥3 d significantly increases IMCL content in healthy individuals regardless of HFD total fat content and duration of physical activity status. All IMCL measurement techniques detected the increased IMCL content following HFD. The dissociation between changes in IMCL and insulin sensitivity suggests that other factors may drive HFD-induced impairments in insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42021257984.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Alqallaf
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel T Orange
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Griffiths
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom
| | - Kelsie Johnson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adrian Holliday
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Wilson
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, United Kingdom.
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6
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Glatz JFC, Heather LC, Luiken JJFP. CD36 as a gatekeeper of myocardial lipid metabolism and therapeutic target for metabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:727-764. [PMID: 37882731 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional membrane glycoprotein CD36 is expressed in different types of cells and plays a key regulatory role in cellular lipid metabolism, especially in cardiac muscle. CD36 facilitates the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids, mediates lipid signaling, and regulates storage and oxidation of lipids in various tissues with active lipid metabolism. CD36 deficiency leads to marked impairments in peripheral lipid metabolism, which consequently impact on the cellular utilization of multiple different fuels because of the integrated nature of metabolism. The functional presence of CD36 at the plasma membrane is regulated by its reversible subcellular recycling from and to endosomes and is under the control of mechanical, hormonal, and nutritional factors. Aberrations in this dynamic role of CD36 are causally associated with various metabolic diseases, in particular insulin resistance, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiac hypertrophy. Recent research in cardiac muscle has disclosed the endosomal proton pump vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) as a key enzyme regulating subcellular CD36 recycling and being the site of interaction between various substrates to determine cellular substrate preference. In addition, evidence is accumulating that interventions targeting CD36 directly or modulating its subcellular recycling are effective for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In conclusion, subcellular CD36 localization is the major adaptive regulator of cellular uptake and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids and appears a suitable target for metabolic modulation therapy to mend failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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7
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Mthembu SXH, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Ziqubu K, Muvhulawa N, Marcheggiani F, Cirilli I, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Potential regulatory role of PGC-1α within the skeletal muscle during metabolic adaptations in response to high-fat diet feeding in animal models. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:283-293. [PMID: 38044359 PMCID: PMC10847180 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding in rodents has become an essential tool to critically analyze and study the pathological effects of obesity, including mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) regulates cellular energy metabolism to influence insulin sensitivity, beyond its active role in stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis to facilitate skeletal muscle adaptations in response to HFD feeding. Here, some of the major electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were accessed to update and critically discuss information on the potential role of PGC-1α during metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle in response to HFD feeding in rodents. In fact, available evidence suggests that partial exposure to HFD feeding (potentially during the early stages of disease development) is associated with impaired metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle, including mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity. In terms of implicated molecular mechanisms, these negative effects are partially associated with reduced activity of PGC-1α, together with the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and altered expression of genes involving nuclear respiratory factor 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A within the skeletal muscle. Notably, metabolic abnormalities observed with chronic exposure to HFD (likely during the late stages of disease development) may potentially occur independently of PGC-1α regulation within the muscle of rodents. Summarized evidence suggests the causal relationship between PGC-1α regulation and effective modulations of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic flexibility during the different stages of disease development. It further indicates that prominent interventions like caloric restriction and physical exercise may affect PGC-1α regulation during effective modulation of metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Sithandiwe E Mazibuko-Mbeje
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa.
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
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Eggelbusch M, Charlton BT, Bosutti A, Ganse B, Giakoumaki I, Grootemaat AE, Hendrickse PW, Jaspers Y, Kemp S, Kerkhoff TJ, Noort W, van Weeghel M, van der Wel NN, Wesseling JR, Frings-Meuthen P, Rittweger J, Mulder ER, Jaspers RT, Degens H, Wüst RCI. The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101372. [PMID: 38232697 PMCID: PMC10829795 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest, but the temporal and causal adaptations in human skeletal muscle metabolism are not fully defined. Here, we use an integrative approach to assess human skeletal muscle metabolism during bed rest and provide a multi-system analysis of how skeletal muscle and the circulatory system adapt to short- and long-term bed rest (German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015677). We uncover that intracellular glycogen accumulation after short-term bed rest accompanies a rapid reduction in systemic insulin sensitivity and less GLUT4 localization at the muscle cell membrane, preventing further intracellular glycogen deposition after long-term bed rest. We provide evidence of a temporal link between the accumulation of intracellular triglycerides, lipotoxic ceramides, and sphingomyelins and an altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and function after long-term bed rest. An intracellular nutrient overload therefore represents a crucial determinant for rapid skeletal muscle insulin insensitivity and mitochondrial alterations after prolonged bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Eggelbusch
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Braeden T Charlton
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bergita Ganse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Clinics and Institutes of Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ifigenia Giakoumaki
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Anita E Grootemaat
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul W Hendrickse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Yorrick Jaspers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Kemp
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J Kerkhoff
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Noort
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole N van der Wel
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julia R Wesseling
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Petra Frings-Meuthen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edwin R Mulder
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Degens
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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9
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Nakanishi R, Tanaka M, Nisa BU, Shimizu S, Hirabayashi T, Tanaka M, Maeshige N, Roy RR, Fujino H. Alternating current electromagnetic field exposure lessens intramyocellular lipid accumulation due to high-fat feeding via enhanced lipid metabolism in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289086. [PMID: 38011220 PMCID: PMC10681264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term high-fat feeding results in intramyocellular lipid accumulation, leading to insulin resistance. Intramyocellular lipid accumulation is related to an energy imbalance between excess fat intake and fatty acid consumption. Alternating current electromagnetic field exposure has been shown to enhance mitochondrial metabolism in the liver and sperm. Therefore, we hypothesized that alternating current electromagnetic field exposure would ameliorate high-fat diet-induced intramyocellular lipid accumulation via activation of fatty acid consumption. C57BL/6J mice were either fed a normal diet (ND), a normal diet and exposed to an alternating current electromagnetic field (ND+EMF), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat diet and exposed to an alternating current electromagnetic field (HFD+EMF). Electromagnetic field exposure was administered 8 hrs/day for 16 weeks using an alternating current electromagnetic field device (max.180 mT, Hokoen, Utatsu, Japan). Tibialis anterior muscles were collected for measurement of intramyocellular lipids, AMPK phosphorylation, FAT/CD-36, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1b protein expression levels. Intramyocellular lipid levels were lower in the HFD + EMF than in the HFD group. The levels of AMPK phosphorylation, FAT/CD-36, and CPT-1b protein levels were higher in the HFD + EMF than in the HFD group. These results indicate that alternating current electromagnetic field exposure decreases intramyocellular lipid accumulation via increased fat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Nakanishi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kobe International University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Okayama Healthcare Professional University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Badur un Nisa
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shimizu
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Health Science University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Roland R. Roy
- Brain Research Institute and Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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10
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Saha S, Fang X, Green CD, Das A. mTORC1 and SGLT2 Inhibitors-A Therapeutic Perspective for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15078. [PMID: 37894760 PMCID: PMC10606418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a critical diabetes-mediated co-morbidity characterized by cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, without predisposing hypertensive or atherosclerotic conditions. Metabolic insulin resistance, promoting hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, is the primary cause of diabetes-related disorders, but ambiguous tissue-specific insulin sensitivity has shed light on the importance of identifying a unified target paradigm for both the glycemic and non-glycemic context of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have indicated hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), specifically complex 1 (mTORC1), as a critical mediator of T2D pathophysiology by promoting insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, vasoconstriction, and stress. Moreover, mTORC1 inhibitors like rapamycin and their analogs have shown significant benefits in diabetes and related cardiac dysfunction. Recently, FDA-approved anti-hyperglycemic sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have gained therapeutic popularity for T2D and diabetic cardiomyopathy, even acknowledging the absence of SGLT2 channels in the heart. Recent studies have proposed SGLT2-independent drug mechanisms to ascertain their cardioprotective benefits by regulating sodium homeostasis and mimicking energy deprivation. In this review, we systematically discuss the role of mTORC1 as a unified, eminent target to treat T2D-mediated cardiac dysfunction and scrutinize whether SGLT2is can target mTORC1 signaling to benefit patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy. Further studies are warranted to establish the underlying cardioprotective mechanisms of SGLT2is under diabetic conditions, with selective inhibition of cardiac mTORC1 but the concomitant activation of mTORC2 (mTOR complex 2) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.S.); (X.F.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Xianjun Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.S.); (X.F.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Christopher D. Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (S.S.); (X.F.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Anindita Das
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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11
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Handy RM, DesOrmeaux GJ, Barbeau PA, Frangos SM, Holloway GP. Independent, but not co-supplementation, with nitrate and resveratrol improves glucose tolerance and reduces markers of cellular stress in high-fat-fed male mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 324:R317-R328. [PMID: 36622081 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00196.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Independent supplementation with nitrate (NIT) and resveratrol (RSV) enriches various aspects of mitochondrial biology in key metabolic tissues. Although RSV is known to activate Sirt1 and initiate mitochondrial biogenesis, the metabolic benefits elicited by dietary nitrate appear to be dependent on 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated signaling events, a process also linked to the activation of Sirt1. Although the benefits of individual supplementation with these compounds have been characterized, it is unknown if co-supplementation may produce superior metabolic adaptations. Thus, we aimed to determine if treatment with combined +NIT and +RSV (+RN) could additively alter metabolic adaptations in the presence of a high-fat diet (HFD). Both +RSV and +NIT improved glucose tolerance compared with HFD (P < 0.05); however, this response was attenuated following combined +RN supplementation. Within skeletal muscle, all supplements increased mitochondrial ADP sensitivity compared with HFD (P < 0.05), without altering mitochondrial content. Although +RSV and +NIT decreased hepatic lipid deposition compared with HFD (P < 0.05), this effect was abolished with +RN, which aligned with significant reductions in Sirt1 protein content (P < 0.05) after combined treatment, in the absence of changes to mitochondrial content or function. Within epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), all supplements reduced crown-like structure accumulation compared with HFD (P < 0.0001) and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) emission (P < 0.05), alongside reduced adipocyte cross-sectional area (CSA) (P < 0.05), with the greatest effect observed after +RN treatment (P = 0.0001). Although the present data suggest additive changes in adipose tissue metabolism after +RN treatment, concomitant impairments in hepatic lipid homeostasis appear to prevent improvements in whole body glucose homeostasis observed with independent treatment, which may be Sirt1 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Handy
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geneviève J DesOrmeaux
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre-Andre Barbeau
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara M Frangos
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham P Holloway
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Zhou J, Chen X, Chen Q, Pan B, Lou J, Jia Z, Du Y, Xu W, Zhang L, Feng X, Jin L, Shi M, Li X, Huang Z, Sun J. Novel Muscle-Homing Peptide FGF1 Conjugate Based on AlphaFold for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6397-6410. [PMID: 36625595 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Drugs for metabolic diseases usually require systemic administration and act on multiple tissues, which may produce some unpredictable side effects. There have been many successful studies on targeted drugs, especially antitumor drugs. However, there is still little research on metabolic disease drugs targeting specific tissues. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) is a potential therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D) without the risk of hypoglycemia. However, the major impediment to the clinical application of FGF1 is its mitogenic potential. We previously engineered an FGF1 variant (named FGF1ΔHBS) to tune down its mitogenic activity via reducing the heparin-binding ability. However, other notable side effects still remained, including severe appetite inhibition, pathogenic loss of body weight, and increase in fatality rate. In this study, we used AlphaFold2 and PyMOL visualization tools to construct a novel FGF1ΔHBS conjugate fused with skeletal muscle-targeted (MT) peptide through a flexible peptide linker termed MT-FGF1ΔHBS. We found that MT-FGF1ΔHBS specifically homed to skeletal muscle tissue after systemic administration and induced a potent glucose-lowering effect in T2D mice without hypoglycemia. Mechanistically, MT-FGF1ΔHBS elicits the glucose-lowering effect via AMPK activation to promote the GLUT4 expression and translocation in skeletal muscle cells. Notably, compared with native FGF1ΔHBS, MT-FGF1ΔHBS had minimal effects on food intake and body weight and did not induce any hyperplasia in major tissues of both T2D and normal mice, indicating that this muscle-homing protein may be a promising candidate for T2D treatment. Our targeted peptide strategy based on computer-aided structure prediction in this study could be effectively applied for delivering agents to functional tissues to treat metabolic or other diseases, offering enhanced efficacy and reducing systemic off-target side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Beibing Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiaxin Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yali Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xin Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lingwei Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325035, China
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13
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Handy RM, Holloway GP. Insights into the development of insulin resistance: Unraveling the interaction of physical inactivity, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biology. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1151389. [PMID: 37153211 PMCID: PMC10157178 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1151389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While impairments in peripheral tissue insulin signalling have a well-characterized role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the specific mechanisms that contribute to these impairments remain debatable. Nonetheless, a prominent hypothesis implicates the presence of a high-lipid environment, resulting in both reactive lipid accumulation and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the induction of peripheral tissue insulin resistance. While the etiology of insulin resistance in a high lipid environment is rapid and well documented, physical inactivity promotes insulin resistance in the absence of redox stress/lipid-mediated mechanisms, suggesting alternative mechanisms-of-action. One possible mechanism is a reduction in protein synthesis and the resultant decrease in key metabolic proteins, including canonical insulin signaling and mitochondrial proteins. While reductions in mitochondrial content associated with physical inactivity are not required for the induction of insulin resistance, this could predispose individuals to the detrimental effects of a high-lipid environment. Conversely, exercise-training induced mitochondrial biogenesis has been implicated in the protective effects of exercise. Given mitochondrial biology may represent a point of convergence linking impaired insulin sensitivity in both scenarios of chronic overfeeding and physical inactivity, this review aims to describe the interaction between mitochondrial biology, physical (in)activity and lipid metabolism within the context of insulin signalling.
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14
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Unveiling the Vital Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, and Fibrosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122391. [PMID: 36552599 PMCID: PMC9774664 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a burdensome public health problem. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetes patients. The pathogenesis of DCM is multifactorial and involves metabolic abnormalities, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, myocardial cell death, oxidative stress, inflammation, microangiopathy, and cardiac fibrosis. Evidence suggests that various types of cardiomyocyte death act simultaneously as terminal pathways in DCM. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts with lengths greater than 200 nucleotides and no apparent coding potential. Emerging studies have shown the critical role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of DCM, along with the development of molecular biology technologies. Therefore, we summarize specific lncRNAs that mainly regulate multiple modes of cardiomyopathy death, oxidative stress, and cardiac fibrosis and provide valuable insights into diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers and strategies for DCM.
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15
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Khalaf EM, Hassan HM, El-Baz AM, Shata A, Khodir AE, Yousef ME, Elgharabawy RM, Nouh NA, Saleh S, Bin-Meferij MM, El-kott AF, El-Sokkary MM, Eissa H. A novel therapeutic combination of dapagliflozin, Lactobacillus and crocin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: Role of oxidative stress, gut microbiota, and PPARγ activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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16
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Lyu Q, Wen Y, He B, Zhang X, Chen J, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Xu L, Xiao Q, Deng H. The ameliorating effects of metformin on disarrangement ongoing in gastrocnemius muscle of sarcopenic and obese sarcopenic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166508. [PMID: 35905940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and obese sarcopenia are increasingly prevalent chronic diseases with multifactorial pathogenesis, and no approved therapeutic drug to date. In the established sarcopenic mice models, muscle weakness, ectopic lipid deposition, and inflammatory responses in both serum and gastrocnemius muscle were observed, which were even deteriorated in obese sarcopenic models. With metformin intervention for 5 months, metformin exhibited benefits and restoring effects on gastrocnemius muscle of sarcopenic mice, but less effective on that of obese sarcopenic mice, as reflected in the increased percentage of muscle mass and enlarged fiber cross-sectional area, enhanced grip strength and exercise capacities, as well as the ameliorated ectopic lipid deposition and partially restored level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 and IL-1α, which may be via the activation of phospho-AMPKα (Thr172). The significant up-regulated mRNA and protein level of lipolysis related proteins like hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) may contribute to the ameliorated ectopic lipid deposition with metformin intervention. The uptake of free fatty acid may be also inhibited in obese sarcopenic mice with metformin administration, as reflected in down-regulated mRNA and protein level of fatty acid transporter CD36. Furthermore, NF-κB signaling pathway was involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of metformin. These findings suggest that metformin treatment may be conducive to the prevention of age-related sarcopenia by regulating lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, i.e. enhanced lipolysis and attenuated hyper-inflammatory responses, which may be AMPK-dependent processes. Moreover, high-fat diet would aggravate the damage to ageing in skeletal muscles and reduced their reactivity to metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lyu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bin He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lingjie Xu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huisheng Deng
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
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17
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Endosomal v-ATPase as a Sensor Determining Myocardial Substrate Preference. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070579. [PMID: 35888703 PMCID: PMC9316095 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is a metabolically flexible omnivore that can utilize a variety of substrates for energy provision. To fulfill cardiac energy requirements, the healthy adult heart mainly uses long-chain fatty acids and glucose in a balanced manner, but when exposed to physiological or pathological stimuli, it can switch its substrate preference to alternative substrates such as amino acids (AAs) and ketone bodies. Using the failing heart as an example, upon stress, the fatty acid/glucose substrate balance is upset, resulting in an over-reliance on either fatty acids or glucose. A chronic fuel shift towards a single type of substrate is linked with cardiac dysfunction. Re-balancing myocardial substrate preference is suggested as an effective strategy to rescue the failing heart. In the last decade, we revealed that vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) functions as a key regulator of myocardial substrate preference and, therefore, as a novel potential treatment approach for the failing heart. Fatty acids, glucose, and AAs selectively influence the assembly state of v-ATPase resulting in modulation of its proton-pumping activity. In this review, we summarize these novel insights on v-ATPase as an integrator of nutritional information. We also describe its exploitation as a therapeutic target with focus on supplementation of AA as a nutraceutical approach to fight lipid-induced insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction of the heart.
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18
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Brunetta HS, Petrick HL, Momken I, Handy RM, Pignanelli C, Nunes EA, Piquereau J, Mericskay M, Holloway GP. Nitrate consumption preserves HFD-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial ADP sensitivity and lysine acetylation: A potential role for SIRT1. Redox Biol 2022; 52:102307. [PMID: 35398714 PMCID: PMC9006675 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary nitrate supplementation, and the subsequent serial reduction to nitric oxide, has been shown to improve glucose homeostasis in several pre-clinical models of obesity and insulin resistance. While the mechanisms remain poorly defined, the beneficial effects of nitrate appear to be partially dependent on AMPK-mediated signaling events, a central regulator of metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Since AMPK can activate SIRT1, we aimed to determine if nitrate supplementation (4 mM sodium nitrate via drinking water) improved skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics and acetylation status in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD: 60% fat). Consumption of HFD induced whole-body glucose intolerance, and within muscle attenuated insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation, mitochondrial ADP sensitivity (higher apparent Km), submaximal ADP-supported respiration, mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (mtH2O2) production in the presence of ADP and increased cellular protein carbonylation alongside mitochondrial-specific acetylation. Consumption of nitrate partially preserved glucose tolerance and, within skeletal muscle, normalized insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation, mitochondrial ADP sensitivity, mtH2O2, protein carbonylation and global mitochondrial acetylation status. Nitrate also prevented the HFD-mediated reduction in SIRT1 protein, and interestingly, the positive effects of nitrate ingestion on glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial acetylation levels were abolished in SIRT1 inducible knock-out mice, suggesting SIRT1 is required for the beneficial effects of dietary nitrate. Altogether, dietary nitrate preserves mitochondrial ADP sensitivity and global lysine acetylation in HFD-fed mice, while in the absence of SIRT1, the effects of nitrate on glucose tolerance and mitochondrial acetylation were abrogated.
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19
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a scavenger receptor class B protein (SR-B2) that serves various functions in lipid metabolism and signaling, in particular facilitating the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Recent studies have disclosed CD36 to play a prominent regulatory role in cellular fatty acid metabolism in both health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS The rate of cellular fatty acid uptake is short-term (i.e., minutes) regulated by the subcellular recycling of CD36 between endosomes and the plasma membrane. This recycling is governed by the activity of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) in the endosomal membrane via assembly and disassembly of two subcomplexes. The latter process is being influenced by metabolic substrates including fatty acids, glucose and specific amino acids, together resulting in a dynamic interplay to modify cellular substrate preference and uptake rates. Moreover, in cases of metabolic disease v-ATPase activity was found to be affected while interventions aimed at normalizing v-ATPase functioning had therapeutic potential. SUMMARY The emerging central role of CD36 in cellular lipid homeostasis and recently obtained molecular insight in the interplay among metabolic substrates indicate the applicability of CD36 as target for metabolic modulation therapy in disease. Experimental studies already have shown the feasibility of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F.C. Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J.F.P. Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
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20
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Umbarawan Y, Kawakami R, Syamsunarno MRAA, Obinata H, Yamaguchi A, Hanaoka H, Hishiki T, Hayakawa N, Koitabashi N, Sunaga H, Matsui H, Kurabayashi M, Iso T. Reduced Fatty Acid Use from CD36 Deficiency Deteriorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Mice. Metabolites 2021; 11:881. [PMID: 34940639 PMCID: PMC8707002 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction is induced by multifactorial mechanisms in diabetes. Deranged fatty acid (FA) utilization, known as lipotoxicity, has long been postulated as one of the upstream events in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. CD36, a transmembrane glycoprotein, plays a major role in FA uptake in the heart. CD36 knockout (CD36KO) hearts exhibit reduced rates of FA transport with marked enhancement of glucose use. In this study, we explore whether reduced FA use by CD36 ablation suppresses the development of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. We found that cardiac contractile dysfunction had deteriorated 16 weeks after STZ treatment in CD36KO mice. Although accelerated glucose uptake was not reduced in CD36KO-STZ hearts, the total energy supply, estimated by the pool size in the TCA cycle, was significantly reduced. The isotopomer analysis with 13C6-glucose revealed that accelerated glycolysis, estimated by enrichment of 13C2-citrate and 13C2-malate, was markedly suppressed in CD36KO-STZ hearts. Levels of ceramides, which are cardiotoxic lipids, were not elevated in CD36KO-STZ hearts compared to wild-type-STZ ones. Furthermore, increased energy demand by transverse aortic constriction resulted in synergistic exacerbation of contractile dysfunction in CD36KO-STZ mice. These findings suggest that CD36KO-STZ hearts are energetically compromised by reduced FA use and suppressed glycolysis; therefore, the limitation of FA utilization is detrimental to cardiac energetics in this model of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogi Umbarawan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya no. 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Ryo Kawakami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mas Rizky A. A. Syamsunarno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Aiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioimaging Information Analysis, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (A.Y.); (H.H.)
| | - Hirofumi Hanaoka
- Department of Bioimaging Information Analysis, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (A.Y.); (H.H.)
| | - Takako Hishiki
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (T.H.); (N.H.)
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noriyo Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (T.H.); (N.H.)
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Norimichi Koitabashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Hiroaki Sunaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
- Center for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ashikaga University, 268-1 Omae-Machi, Ashikaga 326-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Tatsuya Iso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (Y.U.); (R.K.); (M.R.A.A.S.); (N.K.); (H.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, 191-1 Kawamagari-Machi, Maebashi 371-0823, Japan
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21
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Yan A, Xie G, Ding X, Wang Y, Guo L. Effects of Lipid Overload on Heart in Metabolic Diseases. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:771-778. [PMID: 34891207 PMCID: PMC8664556 DOI: 10.1055/a-1693-8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are often associated with lipid and glucose metabolism abnormalities, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important development of metabolic diseases and a major cause of death. Lipids are the main fuel for energy metabolism in the heart. The increase of circulating lipids affects the uptake and utilization of fatty acids and glucose in the heart, and also affects mitochondrial function. In this paper, the mechanism of lipid overload in metabolic diseases leading to cardiac energy metabolism disorder is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Guinan Xie
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Xinya Ding
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
- Correspondence Yi Wang Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine300193 TianjinChina+86-22-59596555
| | - Liping Guo
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
- Liping Guo Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine300120 TianjinChina
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22
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Revisiting the contribution of mitochondrial biology to the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Biochem J 2021; 478:3809-3826. [PMID: 34751699 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While the etiology of type 2 diabetes is multifaceted, the induction of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a key phenomenon, and impairments in insulin signaling in this tissue directly contribute to hyperglycemia. Despite the lack of clarity regarding the specific mechanisms whereby insulin signaling is impaired, the key role of a high lipid environment within skeletal muscle has been recognized for decades. Many of the proposed mechanisms leading to the attenuation of insulin signaling - namely the accumulation of reactive lipids and the pathological production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), appear to rely on this high lipid environment. Mitochondrial biology is a central component to these processes, as these organelles are almost exclusively responsible for the oxidation and metabolism of lipids within skeletal muscle and are a primary source of ROS production. Classic studies have suggested that reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and/or function contribute to lipid-induced insulin resistance; however, in recent years the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance has been gradually re-evaluated to consider the biological effects of alterations in mitochondrial content. In this respect, while reductions in mitochondrial content are not required for the induction of insulin resistance, mechanisms that increase mitochondrial content are thought to enhance mitochondrial substrate sensitivity and submaximal adenosine diphosphate (ADP) kinetics. Thus, this review will describe the central role of a high lipid environment in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, and present both classic and contemporary views of how mitochondrial biology contributes to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
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23
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Byun KA, Oh S, Son M, Oh SE, Park CH, Son KH, Byun K. Dieckol-Attenuated High-Fat Diet Induced Muscle Atrophy by Modulating Muscular Deposition of Lipid Droplets. Nutrients 2021; 13:3160. [PMID: 34579038 PMCID: PMC8467349 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An excessive fat diet induces intramuscular fat deposition that accumulates as a form of lipid droplet (LD) and leads to lipotoxicity, including muscle atrophy or decreasing muscle strength. Lipotoxicity depends on the number of LDs, subcellular distribution (intermyofibrillar, IMF, LDs or subsarcolemmal, SS), and fiber type-specific differences (type I or type II fiber) as well as the size of LD. Ecklonia cava extracts (ECE), which is known to increase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), which leads to decreasing expression level of perilipin2 (PLIN2). PLIN2 is involved in modulating the size of LDs. This study shows that ECE and dieckol could decrease PLIN2 expression and decrease the size and number of LDs in the muscle of high-fat diet (HF)-fed animals and lead to attenuating muscle atrophy. Expression level of PPAR-α was decreased, and PLIN2 was increased by HF. ECE and dieckol increased PPAR-α expression and decreased PLIN2. The diameter of LDs was increased in high-fat diet condition, and it was decreased by ECE or dieckol treatment. The number of LDs in type II fibers/total LDs was increased by HF and it was decreased by ECE or dieckol. The SS LDs were increased, and IMF LDs were decreased by HF. ECE or dieckol decreased SS LDs and increased IMF LDs. The ECE or dieckol attenuated the upregulation of muscle atrophy-related genes including Murf1, Atrogin-1, and p53 by HF. ECE or dieckol increased the cross-sectional area of the muscle fibers and grip strength, which were decreased by HF. In conclusion, ECE or dieckol decreased the size of LDs and modulated the contribution of LDs to less toxic ones by decreasing PLIN2 expression and thus attenuated muscle atrophy and strength, which were induced by HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Byun
- Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea; (K.-A.B.); (M.S.)
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (S.E.O.)
| | - Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (S.E.O.)
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea; (K.-A.B.); (M.S.)
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (S.E.O.)
| | - Seung Eon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (S.E.O.)
| | - Chul-Hyun Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea; (K.-A.B.); (M.S.)
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (S.E.O.)
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24
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Smolka C, Schlösser D, Hohnloser C, Bemtgen X, Jänich C, Schneider L, Martin J, Pfeifer D, Moser M, Hasselblatt P, Bode C, Grundmann S, Pankratz F. MiR-100 overexpression attenuates high fat diet induced weight gain, liver steatosis, hypertriglyceridemia and development of metabolic syndrome in mice. Mol Med 2021; 27:101. [PMID: 34488621 PMCID: PMC8422764 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet-induced obesity can result in the development of a diverse spectrum of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic liver steatosis and atherosclerotic disease. MicroRNAs have been described to be important regulators of metabolism and disease development. METHODS In the current study, we investigated the effects of ubiquitous miR-100 overexpression on weight gain and the metabolic phenotype in a newly generated transgenic mouse strain under normal chow and high fat diet and used microarray expression analysis to identify new potential target genes of miR-100. RESULTS While transgenic overexpression of miR-100 did not significantly affect weight and metabolism under a normal diet, miR-100 overexpressing mice showed a reduced weight gain under a high fat diet compared to wildtype mice, despite an equal calorie intake. This was accompanied by less visceral and subcutaneous fat development and lover serum LDL cholesterol. In addition, transgenic miR-100 mice were more glucose tolerant and insulin sensitive and demonstrated increased energy expenditure under high fat diet feeding. A comprehensive gene expression profiling revealed the differential expression of several genes involved in lipid storage- and metabolism, among them CD36 and Cyp4A14. Our data showed a direct regulation of CD36 by miR-100, leading to a reduced fatty acid uptake in primary hepatocytes overexpressing miR-100 and the downregulation of several downstream mediators of lipid metabolism such as ACC1, FABP4, FAS and PPARγ in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a protective role of miR-100 in high fat diet induced metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis, partially mediated by the direct repression of CD36 and attenuation of hepatic lipid storage, implicating miR-100 as a possible therapeutic target in liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Smolka
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Delia Schlösser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Hohnloser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xavier Bemtgen
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caterina Jänich
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julien Martin
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Moser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hasselblatt
- Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Grundmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Pankratz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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25
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Karunakaran U, Elumalai S, Moon JS, Won KC. CD36 Signal Transduction in Metabolic Diseases: Novel Insights and Therapeutic Targeting. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071833. [PMID: 34360006 PMCID: PMC8305429 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a scavenger receptor present on various types of cells and has multiple biological functions that may be important in inflammation and in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Here, we consider recent insights into how the CD36 response becomes deregulated under metabolic conditions, as well as the therapeutic benefits of CD36 inhibition, which may provide clues for developing strategies aimed at the treatment or prevention of diabetes associated with metabolic diseases. To facilitate this process further, it is important to pinpoint regulatory mechanisms that are relevant under physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, understanding the mechanisms involved in dictating specific CD36 downstream cellular outcomes will aid in the discovery of potent compounds that target specific CD36 downstream signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
| | - Jun-Sung Moon
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
- Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.M.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
| | - Kyu-Chang Won
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
- Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.M.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
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26
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Wang S, Schianchi F, Neumann D, Wong LY, Sun A, van Nieuwenhoven FA, Zeegers MP, Strzelecka A, Col U, Glatz JFC, Nabben M, Luiken JJFP. Specific amino acid supplementation rescues the heart from lipid overload-induced insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction by targeting the endosomal mTOR-v-ATPase axis. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101293. [PMID: 34265467 PMCID: PMC8350375 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The diabetic heart is characterized by extensive lipid accumulation which often leads to cardiac contractile dysfunction. The underlying mechanism involves a pivotal role for vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase, functioning as endosomal/lysosomal proton pump). Specifically, lipid oversupply to the heart causes disassembly of v-ATPase and endosomal deacidification. Endosomes are storage compartments for lipid transporter CD36. However, upon endosomal deacidification, CD36 is expelled to translocate to the sarcolemma, thereby inducing myocardial lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and contractile dysfunction. Hence, the v-ATPase assembly may be a suitable target for ameliorating diabetic cardiomyopathy. Another function of v-ATPase involves the binding of anabolic master-regulator mTORC1 to endosomes, a prerequisite for the activation of mTORC1 by amino acids (AAs). We examined whether the relationship between v-ATPase and mTORC1 also operates reciprocally; specifically, whether AA induces v-ATPase reassembly in a mTORC1-dependent manner to prevent excess lipids from entering and damaging the heart. Methods Lipid overexposed rodent/human cardiomyocytes and high-fat diet-fed rats were treated with a specific cocktail of AAs (lysine/leucine/arginine). Then, v-ATPase assembly status/activity, cell surface CD36 content, myocellular lipid uptake/accumulation, insulin sensitivity, and contractile function were measured. To elucidate underlying mechanisms, specific gene knockdown was employed, followed by subcellular fractionation, and coimmunoprecipitation. Results In lipid-overexposed cardiomyocytes, lysine/leucine/arginine reinternalized CD36 to the endosomes, prevented/reversed lipid accumulation, preserved/restored insulin sensitivity, and contractile function. These beneficial AA actions required the mTORC1–v-ATPase axis, adaptor protein Ragulator, and endosomal/lysosomal AA transporter SLC38A9, indicating an endosome-centric inside-out AA sensing mechanism. In high-fat diet-fed rats, lysine/leucine/arginine had similar beneficial actions at the myocellular level as in vitro in lipid-overexposed cardiomyocytes and partially reversed cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusion Specific AAs acting through v-ATPase reassembly reduce cardiac lipid uptake raising the possibility for treatment in situations of lipid overload and associated insulin resistance. • High physiological concentrations of specific AAs (K/L/R) activate v-ATPase. • The KLR mix activates v-ATPase by mutually dependent activation of mTORC1. • KLR-induced v-ATPase activation enables endosomes to retain lipid transporter CD36. • KLR mends lipid-induced insulin resistance and cardiomyocytic contractile dysfunction. • KLR reverses v-ATPase disassembly and cardiac hypertrophy in high-fat diet-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Wang
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Francesco Schianchi
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dietbert Neumann
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Li-Yen Wong
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Aomin Sun
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans A van Nieuwenhoven
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Strzelecka
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Umare Col
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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27
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Insulin rapidly increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial ADP sensitivity in the absence of a high lipid environment. Biochem J 2021; 478:2539-2553. [PMID: 34129667 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reductions in mitochondrial function have been proposed to cause insulin resistance, however the possibility that impairments in insulin signaling negatively affects mitochondrial bioenergetics has received little attention. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that insulin could rapidly improve mitochondrial ADP sensitivity, a key process linked to oxidative phosphorylation and redox balance, and if this phenomenon would be lost following high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance. Insulin acutely (60 min post I.P.) increased submaximal (100-1000 µM ADP) mitochondrial respiration ∼2-fold without altering maximal (>1000 µM ADP) respiration, suggesting insulin rapidly improves mitochondrial bioenergetics. The consumption of HFD impaired submaximal ADP-supported respiration ∼50%, however, despite the induction of insulin resistance, the ability of acute insulin to stimulate ADP sensitivity and increase submaximal respiration persisted. While these data suggest that insulin mitigates HFD-induced impairments in mitochondrial bioenergetics, the presence of a high intracellular lipid environment reflective of an HFD (i.e. presence of palmitoyl-CoA) completely prevented the beneficial effects of insulin. Altogether, these data show that while insulin rapidly stimulates mitochondrial bioenergetics through an improvement in ADP sensitivity, this phenomenon is possibly lost following HFD due to the presence of intracellular lipids.
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28
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Zhang X, Fan J, Li H, Chen C, Wang Y. CD36 Signaling in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Aging Dis 2021; 12:826-840. [PMID: 34094645 PMCID: PMC8139204 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), also referred to as scavenger receptor B2, has been shown to serve multiple functions in lipid metabolism, inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, and energy reprogramming. As a scavenger receptor, CD36 interacts with various ligands, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1), and fatty acid (FA), thereby activating specific downstream signaling pathways. Cardiac CD36 is mostly expressed on the surface of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. The pathophysiological process of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) encompasses diverse metabolic abnormalities, such as enhanced transfer of cardiac myocyte sarcolemmal FA, increased levels of advanced glycation end-products, elevation in oxidative stress, impaired insulin signaling cascade, disturbance in calcium handling, and microvascular rarefaction which are closely related to CD36 signaling. This review presents a summary of the CD36 signaling pathway that acts mainly as a long-chain FA transporter in cardiac myocytes and functions as a receptor to bind to numerous ligands in endothelial cells. Finally, we summarize the recent basic research and clinical findings regarding CD36 signaling in DCM, suggesting a promising strategy to treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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29
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Turner MC, Rimington RP, Martin NRW, Fleming JW, Capel AJ, Hodson L, Lewis MP. Physiological and pathophysiological concentrations of fatty acids induce lipid droplet accumulation and impair functional performance of tissue engineered skeletal muscle. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7033-7044. [PMID: 33738797 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) exert physiological and pathophysiological effects leading to changes in skeletal muscle metabolism and function, however, in vitro models to investigate these changes are limited. These experiments sought to establish the effects of physiological and pathophysiological concentrations of exogenous FA upon the function of tissue engineered skeletal muscle (TESkM). Cultured initially for 14 days, C2C12 TESkM was exposed to FA-free bovine serum albumin alone or conjugated to a FA mixture (oleic, palmitic, linoleic, and α-linoleic acids [OPLA] [ratio 45:30:24:1%]) at different concentrations (200 or 800 µM) for an additional 4 days. Subsequently, TESkM morphology, functional capacity, gene expression and insulin signaling were analyzed. There was a dose response increase in the number and size of lipid droplets within the TESkM (p < .05). Exposure to exogenous FA increased the messenger RNA expression of genes involved in lipid storage (perilipin 2 [p < .05]) and metabolism (pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 [p < .01]) in a dose dependent manner. TESkM force production was reduced (tetanic and single twitch) (p < .05) and increases in transcription of type I slow twitch fiber isoform, myosin heavy chain 7, were observed when cultured with 200 µM OPLA compared to control (p < .01). Four days of OPLA exposure results in lipid accumulation in TESkM which in turn results in changes in muscle function and metabolism; thus, providing insight ito the functional and mechanistic changes of TESkM in response to exogenous FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Turner
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Rowan P Rimington
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Neil R W Martin
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jacob W Fleming
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Andrew J Capel
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark P Lewis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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30
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Zywno H, Bzdega W, Kolakowski A, Kurzyna P, Harasim-Symbor E, Sztolsztener K, Chabowski A, Konstantynowicz-Nowicka K. The Influence of Coumestrol on Sphingolipid Signaling Pathway and Insulin Resistance Development in Primary Rat Hepatocytes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020268. [PMID: 33673122 PMCID: PMC7918648 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumestrol is a phytoestrogen widely known for its anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, it gets a lot of attention as a potential agent in the nutritional therapy of diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In our study, we evaluated whether coumestrol affects insulin resistance development via the sphingolipid signaling pathway in primary rat hepatocytes. The cells were isolated from the male Wistar rat's liver with the use of collagenase perfusion. Next, we incubated the cells with the presence or absence of palmitic acid and/or coumestrol. Additionally, some groups were incubated with insulin. The sphingolipid concentrations were assessed by HPLC whereas the expression of all the proteins was evaluated by Western blot. Coumestrol markedly reduced the accumulation of sphingolipids, namely, ceramide and sphinganine through noticeable inhibition of the ceramide de novo synthesis pathway in insulin-resistant hepatocytes. Moreover, coumestrol augmented the expression of fatty acid transport proteins, especially FATP5 and FAT/CD36, which also were responsible for excessive sphingolipid accumulation. Furthermore, coumestrol altered the sphingolipid salvage pathway, which was observed as the excessive deposition of the sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine. Our study clearly showed that coumestrol ameliorated hepatic insulin resistance in primary rat hepatocytes. Thus, we believe that our study may contribute to the discovery of novel preventive and therapeutic methods for metabolic disorders.
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Ehrlicher SE, Stierwalt HD, Newsom SA, Robinson MM. Short-Term High-Fat Feeding Does Not Alter Mitochondrial Lipid Respiratory Capacity but Triggers Mitophagy Response in Skeletal Muscle of Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:651211. [PMID: 33868178 PMCID: PMC8044530 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.651211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid overload of the mitochondria is linked to the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle which may be a contributing factor to the progression of type 2 diabetes during obesity. The targeted degradation of mitochondria through autophagy, termed mitophagy, contributes to the mitochondrial adaptive response to changes in dietary fat. Our previous work demonstrates long-term (2-4 months) consumption of a high-fat diet increases mitochondrial lipid oxidation capacity but does not alter markers of mitophagy in mice. The purpose of this study was to investigate initial stages of mitochondrial respiratory adaptations to high-fat diet and the activation of mitophagy. C57BL/6J mice consumed either a low-fat diet (LFD, 10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) for 3 or 7 days. We measured skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and protein markers of mitophagy in a mitochondrial-enriched fraction of skeletal muscle. After 3 days of HFD, mice had lower lipid-supported oxidative phosphorylation alongside greater electron leak compared with the LFD group. After 7 days, there were no differences in mitochondrial respiration between diet groups. HFD mice had greater autophagosome formation potential (Beclin-1) and greater activation of mitochondrial autophagy receptors (Bnip3, p62) in isolated mitochondria, but no difference in downstream autophagosome (LC3II) or lysosome (Lamp1) abundance after both 3 and 7 days compared with the LFD groups. In cultured myotubes, palmitate treatment decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and hydrogen peroxide treatment increased accumulation of upstream mitophagy markers. We conclude that several days of high-fat feeding stimulated upstream activation of skeletal muscle mitophagy, potentially through lipid-induced oxidative stress, without downstream changes in respiration.
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Li C, Kang B, Zhang T, Gu H, Song P, Chen J, Wang X, Xu B, Zhao W, Zhang J. Dietary Pattern and Dietary Energy from Fat Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Chinese People: A Cross-Sectional Study in Three Regions of China. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3689. [PMID: 33265923 PMCID: PMC7760936 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between dietary patterns (DPs) and sarcopenia remain controversial, and fewer studies have mentioned the relationship between dietary energy composition and sarcopenia. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in three regions of China, to detect the associations between DPs and sarcopenia, and to identify the influencing nutrients. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for DP identification. Logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between DPs and sarcopenia. Dietary nutrients and dietary energy composition were calculated and compared among different DPs. Three DPs were identified from 861 community-dwelling older people. The "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.14~0.77, p-trend = 0.009). Subjects in the highest quartile of the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern showed more abundant intake (1.7 g/kg/d) of dietary protein, and lower percentage (31%) of energy from fat (PEF) than the other two DPs. Further analyses indicated that lower PEF (<30%) was negatively associated with sarcopenia. In conclusion, the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Chinese people. This pattern showed abundant protein intake and low PEF, which may partially contribute to its protective effect on sarcopenia. Therefore, besides protein, dietary fat and PEF may also be considered in the prevention and management of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Bingxian Kang
- Wuyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Shiji Road, Wuyuan 015100, China; (B.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 23 Jiaochang West Road, Guangzhou 510030, China; (T.Z.); (B.X.)
| | - Hongru Gu
- Taicang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 36 Xianfu West Street, Taicang 215400, China;
| | - Pengkun Song
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jingyi Chen
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xile Wang
- Wuyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Shiji Road, Wuyuan 015100, China; (B.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Bin Xu
- Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 23 Jiaochang West Road, Guangzhou 510030, China; (T.Z.); (B.X.)
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
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33
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Sun A, Simsek Papur O, Dirkx E, Wong L, Sips T, Wang S, Strzelecka A, Nabben M, Glatz JFC, Neumann D, Luiken JJFP. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIβ mediates contraction-induced GLUT4 translocation and shows its anti-diabetic action in cardiomyocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:2839-2856. [PMID: 33090289 PMCID: PMC8004495 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03669-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the diabetic heart, long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake is increased at the expense of glucose uptake. This metabolic shift ultimately leads to insulin resistance and a reduced cardiac function. Therefore, signaling kinases that mediate glucose uptake without simultaneously stimulating LCFA uptake could be considered attractive anti-diabetic targets. Phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase-IIIβ (PI4KIIIβ) is a lipid kinase downstream of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) that mediates Golgi-to-plasma membrane vesicular trafficking in HeLa-cells. In this study, we evaluated whether PI4KIIIβ is involved in myocellular GLUT4 translocation induced by contraction or oligomycin (an F1F0-ATP synthase inhibitor that activates contraction-like signaling). Pharmacological targeting, with compound MI14, or genetic silencing of PI4KIIIβ inhibited contraction/oligomycin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes but did not affect CD36 translocation nor LCFA uptake. Addition of the PI4KIIIβ enzymatic reaction product phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate restored oligomycin-stimulated glucose uptake in the presence of MI14. PI4KIIIβ activation by PKD1 involves Ser294 phosphorylation and altered its localization with unchanged enzymatic activity. Adenoviral PI4KIIIβ overexpression stimulated glucose uptake, but did not activate hypertrophic signaling, indicating that unlike PKD1, PI4KIIIβ is selectively involved in GLUT4 translocation. Finally, PI4KIIIβ overexpression prevented insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction in lipid-overexposed cardiomyocytes. Together, our studies identify PI4KIIIβ as positive and selective regulator of GLUT4 translocation in response to contraction-like signaling, suggesting PI4KIIIβ as a promising target to rescue defective glucose uptake in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sun
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - O Simsek Papur
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E Dirkx
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Wong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T Sips
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Strzelecka
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Nabben
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D Neumann
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Gauze-Gnagne C, Raynaud F, Djohan YF, Lauret C, Feillet-Coudray C, Coudray C, Monde A, Koffi G, Morena M, Camara-Cisse M, Cristol JP, Badia E. Impact of diets rich in olive oil, palm oil or lard on myokine expression in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:9114-9128. [PMID: 33025998 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01269f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
It has recently emerged that myokines may be an important skeletal muscle adaptive response to obesogenic diets in sedentary subjects (who do not exercise). This study aimed to assess the influence of various high fat (HF) diets rich in either crude palm oil (cPO), refined palm oil (rPO), olive oil (OO) or lard on the modulation of myokine gene expression in the gastrocnemius. Five groups of 8 rats were each fed HF or control diet for 12 weeks. Systemic parameters concerning glucose, insulin, inflammation, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and transaminases were assessed by routine methods or ELISA. Akt and ACC phosphorylation were analyzed by WB in the soleus. Mitochondrial density, inflammation, and the gene expression of 17 myokines and the apelin receptor (Apj) were assessed by qPCR in the gastrocnemius. We found that HF diet-fed rats were insulin resistant and Akt phosphorylation decreased in the soleus muscle, but without any change in Glut4 gene expression. Systemic (IL-6) and muscle inflammation (NFκB and IκB) were not affected by the HF diets as well as TBARS, and ASAT level was enhanced with OO diet. Soleus pACC phosphorylation and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density were not significantly altered. The gene expression of some myokines was respectively increased (myostatin and Il-15) and decreased (Fndc5 and apelin) with the HF diets, whatever the type of fat used. The gene expression of two myokines with anti-inflammatory properties, Il-10 and myonectin, was dependent on the type of fat used and was most increased respectively with cPO or both rPO and OO diets. In conclusion, high-fat diets can differentially modulate the expression of some myokines, either in a dependent manner or independently of their composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Gauze-Gnagne
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, INHP, Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Raynaud
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Youzan Ferdinand Djohan
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Céline Lauret
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Absalome Monde
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Gervais Koffi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Morena
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Département de Biochimie et Hormonologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Massara Camara-Cisse
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Jean Paul Cristol
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Département de Biochimie et Hormonologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Badia
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Genders AJ, Holloway GP, Bishop DJ. Are Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria a Cause or Consequence of Insulin Resistance? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186948. [PMID: 32971810 PMCID: PMC7554894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major site of glucose uptake following a meal, skeletal muscle has an important role in whole-body glucose metabolism. Evidence in humans and animal models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes suggests that alterations in mitochondrial characteristics accompany the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. However, it is unclear whether changes in mitochondrial content, respiratory function, or substrate oxidation are central to the development of insulin resistance or occur in response to insulin resistance. Thus, this review will aim to evaluate the apparent conflicting information placing mitochondria as a key organelle in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Genders
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9919-9556
| | - Graham P. Holloway
- Dept. Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - David J. Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
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36
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Tan Y, Zhang Z, Zheng C, Wintergerst KA, Keller BB, Cai L. Mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential therapeutic strategies: preclinical and clinical evidence. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 17:585-607. [PMID: 32080423 PMCID: PMC7849055 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and clinical features of diabetic cardiomyopathy have been well-studied in the past decade, but effective approaches to prevent and treat this disease are limited. Diabetic cardiomyopathy occurs as a result of the dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism associated with diabetes mellitus, which leads to increased oxidative stress and the activation of multiple inflammatory pathways that mediate cellular and extracellular injury, pathological cardiac remodelling, and diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Preclinical studies in animal models of diabetes have identified multiple intracellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential cardioprotective strategies to prevent and treat the disease, including antifibrotic agents, anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants. Some of these interventions have been tested in clinical trials and have shown favourable initial results. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and we summarize the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies that might provide guidance for the development of targeted strategies. We also highlight some of the novel pharmacological therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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37
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Puchałowicz K, Rać ME. The Multifunctionality of CD36 in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications-Update in Pathogenesis, Treatment and Monitoring. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081877. [PMID: 32796572 PMCID: PMC7465275 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a multiligand receptor contributing to glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, inflammation, thrombosis, and fibrosis. A wide range of tissue expression includes cells sensitive to metabolic abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus (DM), such as monocytes and macrophages, epithelial cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, skeletal and cardiac myocytes, pancreatic β-cells, kidney glomeruli and tubules cells, pericytes and pigment epithelium cells of the retina, and Schwann cells. These features make CD36 an important component of the pathogenesis of DM and its complications, but also a promising target in the treatment of these disorders. The detrimental effects of CD36 signaling are mediated by the uptake of fatty acids and modified lipoproteins, deposition of lipids and their lipotoxicity, alterations in insulin response and the utilization of energy substrates, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis leading to the progressive, often irreversible organ dysfunction. This review summarizes the extensive knowledge of the contribution of CD36 to DM and its complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy.
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Messa GAM, Piasecki M, Hurst J, Hill C, Tallis J, Degens H. The impact of a high-fat diet in mice is dependent on duration and age, and differs between muscles. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb217117. [PMID: 31988167 PMCID: PMC7097303 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.217117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged high-fat diets (HFDs) can cause intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation that may negatively affect muscle function. We investigated the duration of a HFD required to instigate these changes, and whether the effects are muscle specific and aggravated in older age. Muscle morphology was determined in the soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm muscles of female CD-1 mice from 5 groups: young fed a HFD for 8 weeks (YS-HFD, n=16), young fed a HFD for 16 weeks (YL-HFD, n=28) and young control (Y-Con, n=28). The young animals were 20 weeks old at the end of the experiment. Old (70 weeks) female CD-1 mice received either a normal diet (O-Con, n=30) or a HFD for 9 weeks (OS-HFD, n=30). Body mass, body mass index and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content increased in OS-HFD (P≤0.003). In the young mice, this increase was seen in YL-HFD and not YS-HFD (P≤0.006). The soleus and diaphragm fibre cross-sectional area (FCSA) in YL-HFD was larger than that in Y-Con (P≤0.004) while OS-HFD had a larger soleus FCSA compared with that of O-Con after only 9 weeks on a HFD (P<0.001). The FCSA of the EDL muscle did not differ significantly between groups. The oxidative capacity of fibres increased in young mice only, irrespective of HFD duration (P<0.001). High-fat diet-induced morphological changes occurred earlier in the old animals than in the young, and adaptations to HFD were muscle specific, with the EDL being least responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A M Messa
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Mathew Piasecki
- Clinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Josh Hurst
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Cameron Hill
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, Kings College, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jason Tallis
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
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39
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Yun HY, Lee T, Jeong Y. High-Fat Diet Increases Fat Oxidation and Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Transporter Expression in Exercise-Trained Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:281-288. [PMID: 32119806 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on energy substrate utilization during long-term endurance exercise in mice. Male ICR mice (n = 32; 6 weeks old) were divided into two groups: low-fat diet (LFD, n = 16) and HFD (n = 16) and acclimatized to LFD or HFD feeding over 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the two dietary groups were each divided into two groups with or without exercise (EX): LF-CON, LF-EX, HF-CON, and HF-EX groups. The exercise groups were trained to run on a treadmill for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental protocol, energy metabolism in the whole body was measured at rest for 24 h and during exercise for 1 h using respiratory gas analysis. Furthermore, molecules involved in skeletal muscle fat metabolism were analyzed. Substrate utilization for energy metabolism in the whole body indicated that fat utilization was high in HFD intake. Notably, when HFD intake and exercise were combined, fat utilization was markedly increased during endurance exercise. In contrast, exercise showed no effect when combined with LFD intake. The gene expressions of Fat/Cd36, Fatp1, Fabp-pm, and Cpt1 were upregulated by HFD intake, with Fat/Cd36 and Cpt1 considerably elevated during long-term endurance exercise. In contrast, exercise showed no effect when combined with LFD intake. These results suggest that HFD intake effectively increased fat utilization as an energy substrate during long-term endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Yeon Yun
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Taein Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Jeong
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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40
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Yang P, Zeng H, Tan W, Luo X, Zheng E, Zhao L, Wei L, Ruan XZ, Chen Y, Chen Y. Loss of CD36 impairs hepatic insulin signaling by enhancing the interaction of PTP1B with IR. FASEB J 2020; 34:5658-5672. [PMID: 32100381 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902777rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A contradictory role of CD36 in insulin resistance was found to be related to the nutrient state. Here, we examined that the physiological functions of CD36 in insulin signal transduction in mice fed a low-fat diet. CD36 deficiency led to hepatic insulin resistance and decreased insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor β (IRβ) in mice fed a low-fat diet. The ability of insulin to bind with IR did not differ between WT and CD36-deficient hepatocytes. CD36 formed a complex with IRβ and dissociation of CD36/Fyn complex or inhibition of Fyn only partially reversed the effects of CD36 on hepatic insulin signaling. Furthermore, we found that CD36 deficiency led to abnormally increased hepatic protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression and enhanced PTP1B and IR interactions, which contributed to the decreased insulin signaling and disordered glucose metabolism. In addition, increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was found in the livers of the CD36-deficient mice, while inhibited ER stress normalized the PTP1B expression and restored insulin signaling in the CD36-deficient mice. Our findings suggest that the loss of CD36 impairs hepatic insulin signaling by enhancing the PTP1B/IR interaction that is induced by ER stress, indicating a possible critical step in the progression of hepatic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Zeng
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enze Zheng
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wei
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Yao Chen
- Medical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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41
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Schneider J, Han WH, Matthew R, Sauvé Y, Lemieux H. Age and sex as confounding factors in the relationship between cardiac mitochondrial function and type 2 diabetes in the Nile Grass rat. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228710. [PMID: 32084168 PMCID: PMC7034865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study revisits the role of cardiac mitochondrial adjustments during the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while considering age and sex as potential confounding factors. We used the Nile Grass rats (NRs) as the animal model. After weaning, animals were fed either a Standard Rodent Chow Diet (SRCD group) or a Mazuri Chinchilla Diet (MCD group) consisting of high-fiber and low-fat content. Both males and females in the SRCD group, exhibited increased body mass, body mass index, and plasma insulin compared to the MCD group animals. However, the females were able to preserve their fasting blood glucose throughout the age range on both diets, while the males showed significant hyperglycemia starting at 6 months in the SRCD group. In the males, a higher citrate synthase activity-a marker of mitochondrial content-was measured at 2 months in the SRCD compared to the MCD group, and this was followed by a decline with age in the SRCD group only. In contrast, females preserved their mitochondrial content throughout the age range. In the males exclusively, the complex IV capacity expressed independently of mitochondrial content varied with age in a diet-specific pattern; the capacity was elevated at 2 months in the SRCD group, and at 6 months in the MCD group. In addition, females, but not males, were able to adjust their capacity to oxidize long-chain fatty acid in accordance with the fat content of the diet. Our results show clear sexual dimorphism in the variation of mitochondrial content and oxidative phosphorylation capacity with diet and age. The SRCD not only leads to T2DM but also exacerbates age-related cardiac mitochondrial defects. These observations, specific to male NRs, might reflect deleterious dietary-induced changes on their metabolism making them more prone to the cardiovascular consequences of aging and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Schneider
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Woo Hyun Han
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rebecca Matthew
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yves Sauvé
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hélène Lemieux
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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42
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Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP, Nabben M. CD36 (SR-B2) as a Target to Treat Lipid Overload-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:66-78. [PMID: 32821722 PMCID: PMC7379071 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart faces the challenge of adjusting the rate of fatty acid uptake to match myocardial demand for energy provision at any given moment, avoiding both too low uptake rates, which could elicit an energy deficit, and too high uptake rates, which pose the risk of excess lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity. The transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor (B2), serves many functions in lipid metabolism and signaling. In the heart, CD36 is the main sarcolemmal lipid transporter involved in the rate-limiting kinetic step in cardiac lipid utilization. The cellular fatty acid uptake rate is determined by the presence of CD36 at the cell surface, which is regulated by subcellular vesicular recycling from endosomes to the sarcolemma. CD36 has been implicated in dysregulated fatty acid and lipid metabolism in pathophysiological conditions, particularly high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thus, in conditions of chronic lipid overload, high levels of CD36 are moved to the sarcolemma, setting the heart on a route towards increased lipid uptake, excessive lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and eventually contractile dysfunction. Insight into the subcellular trafficking machinery of CD36 will provide novel targets to treat the lipid-overloaded heart. A screen for CD36-dedicated trafficking proteins found that vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and specific vesicle-associated membrane proteins, among others, were uniquely involved in CD36 recycling. Preliminary data suggest that these proteins may offer clues on how to manipulate myocardial lipid uptake, and thus could be promising targets for metabolic intervention therapy to treat the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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43
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Zhu B, Li MY, Lin Q, Liang Z, Xin Q, Wang M, He Z, Wang X, Wu X, Chen GG, Tong PCY, Zhang W, Liu LZ. Lipid oversupply induces CD36 sarcolemmal translocation via dual modulation of PKCζ and TBC1D1: an early event prior to insulin resistance. Theranostics 2020; 10:1332-1354. [PMID: 31938068 PMCID: PMC6956797 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oversupply may induce CD36 sarcolemmal translocation to facilitate fatty acid transport, which in turn causes dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms of CD36 redistribution are still yet to be unraveled. Methods: High fat diet fed mice and palmitate/oleic acid-treated L6 cells were used to investigate the initial events of subcellular CD36 recycling prior to insulin resistance. The regulation of CD36 sarcolemmal translocation by lipid oversupply was assessed by insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glucose/fatty acid uptake assay, surface CD36 and GLUT4 detection, and ELISA assays. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, specific gene knockout, gene overexpression and/or gene inhibition were employed, followed by Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, immunostaining, and kinase activity assay. Results: Upon lipid/fatty acid overload, PKCζ activity and TBC1D1 phosphorylation were enhanced along with increased sarcolemmal CD36. The inhibition of PKCζ or TBC1D1 was shown to block fatty acid-induced CD36 translocation and was synergistic in impairing CD36 redistribution. Mechanically, we revealed that AMPK was located upstream of PKCζ to control its activity whereas Rac1 facilitated PKCζ translocation to the dorsal surface of the cell to cause actin remodeling. Furthermore, AMPK phosphorylated TBC1D1 to release retained cytosolic CD36. The activated PKCζ and phosphorylated TBC1D1 resulted in a positive feedback regulation of CD36 sarcolemmal translocation. Conclusion: Collectively, our study demonstrated exclusively that lipid oversupply induced CD36 sarcolemmal translocation via dual modulation of PKCζ and TBC1D1, which was as an early event prior to insulin resistance. The acquired data may provide potential therapy targets to prevent lipid oversupply-induced insulin resistance.
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44
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Abbasnejad Z, Nasseri B, Zardooz H, Ghasemi R. Time-course study of high fat diet induced alterations in spatial memory, hippocampal JNK, P38, ERK and Akt activity. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:659-673. [PMID: 30552557 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of high fat diet (HFD) is a health concern in modern societies, which participate in wide range of diseases. One underlying mechanism in the HFD mediated pathologies is disruption of insulin signaling activity. It is believed that HFD activates several stress signaling molecules such as MAPKs signaling pathway and these molecules participate in harmful effects in different cell populations including hippocampal cells. However, the activity of MAPKs signaling molecules are time dependent, even causing some opposing effects. Given that, MAPKs activity fluctuate with time of stress, there is less cleared how different lengths of HFD consumption can affect hippocampal MAPK. To test how duration of HFD consumption affect hippocampal MAPKs and insulin signaling activity and animal's cognitive function, rats were fed with HFD for different lengths (up to 6 months) and after each point spatial memory performances of animals was tested, then the peripheral indices of insulin resistance and hippocampal MAPKs and insulin signaling activity was evaluated. Results showed that while different time courses of HFD, up to 6 months, did not bring about significant spatial memory impairment, meanwhile the peripheral insulin sensitivity as well as hippocampal insulin and MAPKs signaling showed significant fluctuations during the different time courses of high fat diet regime. These results showed that neuronal responses to HFD is not constant and differ in a time-dependent manner, it seems that in acute phase molecular responses aimed to compensate the HFD stress but in chronic states these responses failed and devastating effects of stress began.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abbasnejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Nasseri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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45
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Brunetta HS, de Paula GC, de Oliveira J, Martins EL, Dos Santos GJ, Galina A, Rafacho A, de Bem AF, Nunes EA. Decrement in resting and insulin-stimulated soleus muscle mitochondrial respiration is an early event in diet-induced obesity in mice. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:306-321. [PMID: 30578638 DOI: 10.1113/ep087317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the temporal responses of mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial responsivity to insulin in soleus muscle fibres from mice during the development of obesity and insulin resistance? What is the main finding and its importance? Short- and long-term feeding with a high-fat diet markedly reduced soleus mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial responsivity to insulin before any change in glycogen synthesis. Muscle glycogen synthesis and whole-body insulin resistance were present after 14 and 28 days, respectively. Our findings highlight the plasticity of mitochondria during the development of obesity and insulin resistance. ABSTRACT Recently, significant attention has been given to the role of muscle mitochondrial function in the development of insulin resistance associated with obesity. Our aim was to investigate temporal alterations in mitochondrial respiration, H2 O2 emission and mitochondrial responsivity to insulin in permeabilized skeletal muscle fibres during the development of obesity in mice. Male Swiss mice (5-6 weeks old) were fed with a high-fat diet (60% calories from fat) or standard diet for 7, 14 or 28 days to induce obesity and insulin resistance. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice presented with reduced glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinaemia after 7 days of high-fat diet. After 14 days, the expected increase in muscle glycogen content after systemic injection of glucose and insulin was not observed in DIO mice. At 28 days, blood glucose decay after insulin injection was significantly impaired. Complex I (pyruvate + malate) and II (succinate)-linked respiration and oxidative phosphorylation (ADP) were decreased after 7 days of high-fat diet and remained low in DIO mice after 14 and 28 days of treatment. Moreover, mitochondria from DIO mice were incapable of increasing respiratory coupling and ADP responsivity after insulin stimulation in all observed periods. Markers of mitochondrial content were reduced only after 28 days of treatment. The mitochondrial H2 O2 emission profile varied during the time course of DIO, with a reduction of H2 O2 emission in the early stages of DIO and an increased emission after 28 days of treatment. Our data demonstrate that DIO promotes transitory alterations in mitochondrial physiology during the early and late stages of insulin resistance related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henver Simionato Brunetta
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina de Paula
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Lopes Martins
- Graduate Program in Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Graduate Program in Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Everson Araújo Nunes
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catrina, Brazil
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46
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Jay AG, Hamilton JA. The enigmatic membrane fatty acid transporter CD36: New insights into fatty acid binding and their effects on uptake of oxidized LDL. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 138:64-70. [PMID: 27288302 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The scavenger receptor CD36 binds numerous small biomolecules, including fatty acids, and even large ligands such as oxidized LDL, for which it is considered a receptor. Although CD36 has often been postulated to "transport" fatty acids across the plasma membrane, fatty acids translocation (mass transport or kinetics) was not affected by expression of CD36 in HEK293 cells; however, esterification of fatty acids (cellular uptake) was increased. These recent results from our lab are consistent with the established mechanism of fatty acid entry into cells by passive diffusion (flip-flop) and also with the well-documented enhancement of uptake of fatty acids by CD36 in other cell types. A fascinating new discovery is that CD36 has multiple fatty acid binding sites on the extracellular domain of CD36. As illuminated by new methodologies that we have applied, these sites have high affinity and exhibit rapid exchange with the medium. In an initial study of functional consequences of binding, several dietary fatty acids enhanced uptake of oxidized LDL into HEK293 cells expressing CD36. This is the first established link between physical binding of fatty acids and a function of CD36, and has implications for obesity and atherosclerosis. New methods as those used in our study could also be applied to elucidate other functional roles of fatty acid binding to CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G Jay
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - James A Hamilton
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
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Andrich DE, Ou Y, Melbouci L, Leduc-Gaudet JP, Auclair N, Mercier J, Secco B, Tomaz LM, Gouspillou G, Danialou G, Comtois AS, St-Pierre DH. Altered Lipid Metabolism Impairs Skeletal Muscle Force in Young Rats Submitted to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1327. [PMID: 30356919 PMCID: PMC6190893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and ensuing disorders are increasingly prevalent in young populations. Prolonged exposure to high-fat diets (HFD) and excessive lipid accumulation were recently suggested to impair skeletal muscle functions in rodents. We aimed to determine the effects of a short-term HFD on skeletal muscle function in young rats. Young male Wistar rats (100–125 g) were fed HFD or a regular chow diet (RCD) for 14 days. Specific force, resistance to fatigue and recovery were tested in extensor digitorum longus (EDL; glycolytic) and soleus (SOL; oxidative) muscles using an ex vivo muscle contractility system. Muscle fiber typing and insulin signaling were analyzed while intramyocellular lipid droplets (LD) were characterized. Expression of key markers of lipid metabolism was also measured. Weight gain was similar for both groups. Specific force was decreased in SOL, but not in EDL of HFD rats. Muscle resistance to fatigue and force recovery were not altered in response to the diets. Similarly, muscle fiber type distribution and insulin signaling were not influenced by HFD. On the other hand, percent area and average size of intramyocellular LDs were significantly increased in the SOL of HFD rats. These effects were consistent with the increased expression of several mediators of lipid metabolism in the SOL muscle. A short-term HFD impairs specific force and alters lipid metabolism in SOL, but not EDL muscles of young rats. This indicates the importance of clarifying the early mechanisms through which lipid metabolism affects skeletal muscle functions in response to obesogenic diets in young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Andrich
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ya Ou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lilya Melbouci
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nickolas Auclair
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Mercier
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Blandine Secco
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Luciane Magri Tomaz
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gawiyou Danialou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Royal Military College Saint-Jean, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Alain-Steve Comtois
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H St-Pierre
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
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48
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Liu Y, Neumann D, Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP. Molecular mechanism of lipid-induced cardiac insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 136:131-141. [PMID: 27372802 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids are the main cardiac substrates from which ATP is generated continually to serve the high energy demand and sustain the normal function of the heart. Under healthy conditions, fatty acid β-oxidation produces 50-70% of the energy demands with the remainder largely accounted for by glucose. Chronically increased dietary lipid supply often leads to excess lipid accumulation in the heart, which is linked to a variety of maladaptive phenomena, such as insulin resistance, cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction. CD36, the predominant cardiac fatty acid transporter, has a key role in setting the heart on a road to contractile dysfunction upon the onset of chronic lipid oversupply by translocating to the cell surface and opening the cellular 'doors' for fatty acids. The sequence of events after the CD36-mediated myocellular lipid accumulation is less understood, but in general it has been accepted that the excessively imported lipids cause insulin resistance, which in turn leads to contractile dysfunction. There are several gaps of knowledge in this proposed order of events which this review aims to discuss. First, the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid-induced insulin resistance are not yet completely disclosed. Specifically, several mediators have been proposed, such as diacylglycerols, ceramides, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), inflammatory kinases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), but their relative contributions to the onset of insulin resistance and their putatively synergistic actions are topics of controversy. Second, there are also pieces of evidence that lipids can induce contractile dysfunction independently of insulin resistance. Perhaps, a more integrative view is needed, in which several lipid-induced pathways operate synergistically or in parallel to induce contractile dysfunction. Unraveling of these processes is expected to be important in designing effective therapeutic strategies to protect the lipid-overloaded heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dietbert Neumann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP. Dynamic role of the transmembrane glycoprotein CD36 (SR-B2) in cellular fatty acid uptake and utilization. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1084-1093. [PMID: 29627764 PMCID: PMC6027920 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r082933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor class B protein (SR-B2), serves many functions in lipid metabolism and signaling. Here, we review CD36's role in facilitating cellular long-chain fatty acid uptake across the plasma membrane, particularly in heart and skeletal muscles. CD36 acts in concert with other membrane proteins, such as peripheral plasma membrane fatty acid-binding protein, and is an intracellular docking site for cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein. The cellular fatty-acid uptake rate is governed primarily by the presence of CD36 at the cell surface, which is regulated by the subcellular vesicular recycling of CD36 from endosomes to the plasma membrane. CD36 has been implicated in dysregulated fatty acid and lipid metabolism in pathophysiological conditions, particularly in high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Current research is exploring signaling pathways and vesicular trafficking routes involving CD36 to identify metabolic targets to manipulate the cellular utilization of fatty acids. Because of its rate-controlling function in the use of fatty acids in the heart and muscle, CD36 would be a preferable target to protect myocytes against lipotoxicity. Despite a poor understanding of its mechanism of action, CD36 has emerged as a pivotal membrane protein involved in whole-body lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Liu Y, Steinbusch LKM, Nabben M, Kapsokalyvas D, van Zandvoort M, Schönleitner P, Antoons G, Simons PJ, Coumans WA, Geomini A, Chanda D, Glatz JFC, Neumann D, Luiken JJFP. Palmitate-Induced Vacuolar-Type H +-ATPase Inhibition Feeds Forward Into Insulin Resistance and Contractile Dysfunction. Diabetes 2017; 66:1521-1534. [PMID: 28302654 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fat overconsumption leads to myocardial lipid accumulation through mechanisms that are incompletely resolved. Previously, we identified increased translocation of the fatty acid transporter CD36 from its endosomal storage compartment to the sarcolemma as the primary mechanism of excessive myocellular lipid import. Here, we show that increased CD36 translocation is caused by alkalinization of endosomes resulting from inhibition of proton pumping activity of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase). Endosomal alkalinization was observed in hearts from rats fed a lard-based high-fat diet and in rodent and human cardiomyocytes upon palmitate overexposure, and appeared as an early lipid-induced event preceding the onset of insulin resistance. Either genetic or pharmacological inhibition of v-ATPase in cardiomyocytes exposed to low palmitate concentrations reduced insulin sensitivity and cardiomyocyte contractility, which was rescued by CD36 silencing. The mechanism of palmitate-induced v-ATPase inhibition involved its dissociation into two parts: the cytosolic V1 and the integral membrane V0 subcomplex. Interestingly, oleate also inhibits v-ATPase function, yielding triacylglycerol accumulation but not insulin resistance. In conclusion, lipid oversupply increases CD36-mediated lipid uptake that directly impairs v-ATPase function. This feeds forward to enhanced CD36 translocation and further increased lipid uptake. In the case of palmitate, its accelerated uptake ultimately precipitates into cardiac insulin resistance and contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Laura K M Steinbusch
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitris Kapsokalyvas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schönleitner
- Department of Physiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Antoons
- Department of Physiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Will A Coumans
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Amber Geomini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dietbert Neumann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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