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Kang H, Park YK, Lee JY, Bae M. Roles of Histone Deacetylase 4 in the Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:340-353. [PMID: 38514922 PMCID: PMC11140402 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a class IIa HDAC, has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target in treating inflammatory and metabolic processes based on its essential role in various biological pathways by deacetylating non-histone proteins, including transcription factors. The activity of HDAC4 is regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. The functions of HDAC4 are tissue-dependent in response to endogenous and exogenous factors and their substrates. In particular, the association of HDAC4 with non-histone targets, including transcription factors, such as myocyte enhancer factor 2, hypoxia-inducible factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, and forkhead box proteins, play a crucial role in regulating inflammatory and metabolic processes. This review summarizes the regulatory modes of HDAC4 activity and its functions in inflammation, insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, and cardiac muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Minkyung Bae
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Epigenome Modulation Induced by Ketogenic Diets. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153245. [PMID: 35956421 PMCID: PMC9370515 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KD) are dietary strategies low in carbohydrates, normal in protein, and high, normal, or reduced in fat with or without (Very Low-Calories Ketogenic Diet, VLCKD) a reduced caloric intake. KDs have been shown to be useful in the treatment of obesity, metabolic diseases and related disorders, neurological diseases, and various pathological conditions such as cancer, nonalcoholic liver disease, and chronic pain. Several studies have investigated the intracellular metabolic pathways that contribute to the beneficial effects of these diets. Although epigenetic changes are among the most important determinants of an organism’s ability to adapt to environmental changes, data on the epigenetic changes associated with these dietary pathways are still limited. This review provides an overview of the major epigenetic changes associated with KDs.
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Li J, Xiang Y, Zhang L, Qi X, Zheng Z, Zhou P, Tang Z, Jin Y, Zhao Q, Fu Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Fu L, Zhao S. Enhancer-promoter interaction maps provide insights into skeletal muscle-related traits in pig genome. BMC Biol 2022; 20:136. [PMID: 35681201 PMCID: PMC9185926 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene expression programs are intimately linked to the interplay of active cis regulatory elements mediated by chromatin contacts and associated RNAs. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many variants in these regulatory elements that can contribute to phenotypic diversity. However, the functional interpretation of these variants remains nontrivial due to the lack of chromatin contact information or limited contact resolution. Furthermore, the distribution and role of chromatin-associated RNAs in gene expression and chromatin conformation remain poorly understood. To address this, we first present a comprehensive interaction map of nuclear dynamics of 3D chromatin-chromatin interactions (H3K27ac BL-HiChIP) and RNA-chromatin interactions (GRID-seq) to reveal genomic variants that contribute to complex skeletal muscle traits. Results In a genome-wide scan, we provide systematic fine mapping and gene prioritization from GWAS leading signals that underlie phenotypic variability of growth rate, meat quality, and carcass performance. A set of candidate functional variants and 54 target genes previously not detected were identified, with 71% of these candidate functional variants choosing to skip over their nearest gene to regulate the target gene in a long-range manner. The effects of three functional variants regulating KLF6 (related to days to 100 kg), MXRA8 (related to lean meat percentage), and TAF11 (related to loin muscle depth) were observed in two pig populations. Moreover, we find that this multi-omics interaction map consists of functional communities that are enriched in specific biological functions, and GWAS target genes can serve as core genes for exploring peripheral trait-relevant genes. Conclusions Our results provide a valuable resource of candidate functional variants for complex skeletal muscle-related traits and establish an integrated approach to complement existing 3D genomics by exploiting RNA-chromatin and chromatin-chromatin interactions for future association studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01322-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenshuang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liangliang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Franchini F, Palatucci G, Colao A, Ungaro P, Macchia PE, Nettore IC. Obesity and Thyroid Cancer Risk: An Update. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031116. [PMID: 35162142 PMCID: PMC8834607 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide and its incidence has increased dramatically in recent years. In parallel, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased, suggesting a possible link between these two diseases. Indeed, low-grade chronic inflammation, altered cytokine levels, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and hormonal changes that occur in obese patients are all factors that contribute to the occurrence and growth of TC. In this review, the most recent evidence supporting the potential role of the mechanisms linking obesity to TC will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Franchini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.F.); (G.P.); (A.C.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Palatucci
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.F.); (G.P.); (A.C.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.F.); (G.P.); (A.C.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paola Ungaro
- National Research Council–Institute for Experimental Endocrinology & Oncology ‘Gaetano Salvatore’, 80145 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.F.); (G.P.); (A.C.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.F.); (G.P.); (A.C.); (P.E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463848; Fax: +39-081-7462108
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5
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Kaimala S, Kumar CA, Allouh MZ, Ansari SA, Emerald BS. Epigenetic modifications in pancreas development, diabetes, and therapeutics. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1343-1371. [PMID: 34984701 PMCID: PMC9306699 DOI: 10.1002/med.21878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A recent International Diabetes Federation report suggests that more than 463 million people between 20 and 79 years have diabetes. Of the 20 million women affected by hyperglycemia during pregnancy, 84% have gestational diabetes. In addition, more than 1.1 million children or adolescents are affected by type 1 diabetes. Factors contributing to the increase in diabetes prevalence are complex and include contributions from genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. However, molecular regulatory mechanisms influencing the progression of an individual towards increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as diabetes are not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that the pathogenesis of diabetes involves epigenetic changes, resulting in a persistently dysregulated metabolic phenotype. This review summarizes the role of epigenetic mechanisms, mainly DNA methylation and histone modifications, in the development of the pancreas, their contribution to the development of diabetes, and the potential employment of epigenetic modulators in diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneesh Kaimala
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Challagandla Anil Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Mohammed Z Allouh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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6
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Gao L, Yu W, Song P, Li Q. Non-histone methylation of SET7/9 and its biological functions. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:231-243. [PMID: 34856916 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666211202160041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (su(var)-3-9,enhancer-of-zeste,trithorax) domain-containing protein 7/9 (SET7/9) is a member of the protein lysine methyltransferases (PLMTs or PKMTs) family. It contains a SET domain. Recent studies demonstrate that SET7/9 methylates both lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3-K4) and lysine(s) of non-histone proteins, including transcription factors, tumor suppressors, and membrane-associated receptors. OBJECTIVE This article mainly reviews the non-histone methylation effects of SET7/9 and its functions in tumorigenesis and development. METHODS PubMed was screened for this information. RESULTS SET7/9 plays a key regulatory role in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, transcription regulation, cell cycle, protein stability, cardiac morphogenesis, and development. In addition, SET7/9 is involved in the pathogenesis of hair loss, breast cancer progression, human carotid plaque atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, obesity, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION SET7/9 is an important methyltransferase, which can catalyze the methylation of a variety of proteins. Its substrates are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gao
- Department of Pathology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299. China
| | - Weiping Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu. China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Pathology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299. China
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7
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Nettore IC, Franchini F, Palatucci G, Macchia PE, Ungaro P. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111716. [PMID: 34829943 PMCID: PMC8615468 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased over the last decades. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the possible association between the pandemics of obesity and some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), termed “obesogens”. These are a heterogeneous group of exogenous compounds that can interfere in the endocrine regulation of energy metabolism and adipose tissue structure. Oral intake, inhalation, and dermal absorption represent the major sources of human exposure to these EDCs. Recently, epigenetic changes such as the methylation of cytosine residues on DNA, post-translational modification of histones, and microRNA expression have been considered to act as an intermediary between deleterious effects of EDCs and obesity development in susceptible individuals. Specifically, EDCs exposure during early-life development can detrimentally affect individuals via inducing epigenetic modifications that can permanently change the epigenome in the germline, enabling changes to be transmitted to the next generations and predisposing them to a multitude of diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the epigenetic alterations putatively induced by chemical exposures and their ability to interfere with the control of energy metabolism and adipose tissue regulation, resulting in imbalances in the control of body weight, which can lead to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Fabiana Franchini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Palatucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR “G. Salvatore”, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-770-4795
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8
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Shazmeen, Haq I, Rajoka MSR, Asim Shabbir M, Umair M, llah I, Manzoor MF, Nemat A, Abid M, Khan MR, Aadil RM. Role of stilbenes against insulin resistance: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6389-6405. [PMID: 34760269 PMCID: PMC8565239 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a state characterized by the inability of tissues to utilize blood glucose particularly liver, muscle, and adipose tissues resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. A close relationship exists between IR and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, therapeutic approaches to treat IR also improve T2D simultaneously. Scientific evidence has highlighted the major role of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), environmental & genetic factors, and auto-immune disorders in the pathophysiology of IR. Among therapeutic remedies, nutraceuticals like polyphenols are being used widely to ameliorate IR due to their safer nature compared to pharmaceutics. Stilbenes are considered important metabolically active polyphenols currently under the limelight of research to cope with IR. In this review, efforts are made to elucidate cellular and subcellular mechanisms influenced by stilbenes including modulating insulin signaling cascade, correcting glucose transport pathways, lowering postprandial glucose levels, and protecting β-cell damage and its effects on the hyperactive immune system and proinflammatory cytokines to attenuate IR. Furthermore, future directions to further the research in stilbenes as a strong candidate against IR are included so that concrete recommendation for their use in humans is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazmeen
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Iahtisham‐Ul Haq
- School of Food and NutritionFaculty of Allied Health SciencesMinhaj UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Food and Feed Immunology GroupLaboratory of Animal Food FunctionGraduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Muhmmad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Inam‐u llah
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of HaripurKhyber‐PakhtunkhwaPakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health SciencesRiphah International UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Arash Nemat
- Department of MicrobiologyKabul University of Medical SciencesKabulAfghanistan
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Institute of Food and Nutritional SciencesArid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
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Bruno A, Di Sano C, Simon HU, Chanez P, Patti AM, Di Vincenzo S, Dino P, D'Esposito V, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Pace E. Leptin and TGF-β1 Downregulate PREP1 Expression in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Mature Adipocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:700481. [PMID: 34327205 PMCID: PMC8315375 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.700481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is widely recognized as an extremely active endocrine organ producing adipokines as leptin that bridge metabolism and the immune system. Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox (Pbx)-regulating protein-1 (PREP1) is a ubiquitous homeodomain transcription factor involved in the adipogenic differentiation and insulin-sensitivity processes. Leptin, as pleiotropic adipokine, and TGF-β, known to be expressed by primary pre-adipocytes [adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs)] and mature differentiated adipocytes, modulate inflammatory responses. We aimed to assess for the first time if leptin and TGF-β interfere with PREP1 expression in both ASCs and mature differentiated adipocytes. Human ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose liposuction and, after expansion, fully differentiated to mature adipocytes. In both ASCs and adipocytes, leptin and TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of PREP1, alone and following concurrent Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation. Moreover, in adipocytes, but not in ASCs, leptin increased TLR4 and IL-33 expression, whereas TGF-β1 enhanced TLR4 and IL-6 expression. Taken together, we provide evidence for a direct regulation of PREP1 by leptin and TGF-β1 in ASCs and mature adipocytes. The effects of leptin and TGF-β1 on immune receptors and cytokines, however, are limited to mature adipocytes, suggesting that modulating immune responses depends on the differentiation of ASCs. Further studies are needed to fully understand the regulation of PREP1 expression and its potential for the development of new therapeutic approaches in obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Bruno
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Sano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases CIC Nord INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vincenzo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Dino
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria D'Esposito
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
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10
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DeLaForest A, Kohlnhofer BM, Franklin OD, Stavniichuk R, Thompson CA, Pulakanti K, Rao S, Battle MA. GATA4 Controls Epithelial Morphogenesis in the Developing Stomach to Promote Establishment of Glandular Columnar Epithelium. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1391-1413. [PMID: 34111600 PMCID: PMC8479485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The transcription factor GATA4 is broadly expressed in nascent foregut endoderm. As development progresses, GATA4 is lost in the domain giving rise to the stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus and forestomach (FS), while it is maintained in the domain giving rise to the simple columnar epithelium of the hindstomach (HS). Differential GATA4 expression within these domains coincides with the onset of distinct tissue morphogenetic events, suggesting a role for GATA4 in diversifying foregut endoderm into discrete esophageal/FS and HS epithelial tissues. The goal of this study was to determine how GATA4 regulates differential morphogenesis of the mouse gastric epithelium. METHODS We used a Gata4 conditional knockout mouse line to eliminate GATA4 in the developing HS and a Gata4 conditional knock-in mouse line to express GATA4 in the developing FS. RESULTS We found that GATA4-deficient HS epithelium adopted a FS-like fate, and conversely, that GATA4-expressing FS epithelium adopted a HS-like fate. Underlying structural changes in these epithelia were broad changes in gene expression networks attributable to GATA4 directly activating or repressing expression of HS or FS defining transcripts. Our study implicates GATA4 as having a primary role in suppressing an esophageal/FS transcription factor network during HS development to promote columnar epithelium. Moreover, GATA4-dependent phenotypes in developmental mutants reflected changes in gene expression associated with Barrett's esophagus. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that GATA4 is necessary and sufficient to activate the development of simple columnar epithelium, rather than stratified squamous epithelium, in the embryonic stomach. Moreover, similarities between mutants and Barrett's esophagus suggest that developmental biology can provide insight into human disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann DeLaForest
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Bridget M Kohlnhofer
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Olivia D Franklin
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Roman Stavniichuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Cayla A Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kirthi Pulakanti
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michele A Battle
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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11
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Alleboina S, Wong T, Singh MV, Dokun AO. Inhibition of protein kinase C beta phosphorylation activates nuclear factor-kappa B and improves postischemic recovery in type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:785-796. [PMID: 32326759 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220920832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Diabetes worsens the outcomes of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) likely in part through inducing chronic inflammation. However, in PAD, recovery requires the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, a known contributor to inflammation. Our study shows that individually, both ischemia and high glucose activate the canonical and non-canonical arms of the NF-κB pathways. We show for the first time that prolonged high glucose specifically impairs ischemia-induced activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway through activation of protein kinase C beta (PKCβ). Accordingly, inhibition of PKCβ restores the ischemia-induced NF-κB activity both in vitroin endothelial cells and in vivoin hind limbs of type 1 diabetic mice and improves perfusion recovery after experimental PAD. Thus, this study provides a mechanistic insight into how diabetes contributes to poor outcomes in PAD and a potential translational approach to improve PAD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Alleboina
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Thomas Wong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Madhu V Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ayotunde O Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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12
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Zatterale F, Longo M, Naderi J, Raciti GA, Desiderio A, Miele C, Beguinot F. Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obesity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1607. [PMID: 32063863 PMCID: PMC7000657 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major health burdens of the 21st century as it contributes to the growing prevalence of its related comorbidities, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Growing evidence suggests a critical role for overnutrition in the development of low-grade inflammation. Specifically, chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is considered a crucial risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. The triggers for adipose tissue inflammation are still poorly defined. However, obesity-induced adipose tissue expansion provides a plethora of intrinsic signals (e.g., adipocyte death, hypoxia, and mechanical stress) capable of initiating the inflammatory response. Immune dysregulation in adipose tissue of obese subjects results in a chronic low-grade inflammation characterized by increased infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. Macrophages are the most abundant innate immune cells infiltrating and accumulating into adipose tissue of obese individuals; they constitute up to 40% of all adipose tissue cells in obesity. In obesity, adipose tissue macrophages are polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and secrete many pro-inflammatory cytokines capable of impairing insulin signaling, therefore promoting the progression of insulin resistance. Besides macrophages, many other immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, mast cells, neutrophils, B cells, and T cells) reside in adipose tissue during obesity, playing a key role in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. The association of obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, and metabolic diseases makes inflammatory pathways an appealing target for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic complications. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms responsible for the obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and progression toward obesity-associated comorbidities and highlight the current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zatterale
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Jamal Naderi
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Desiderio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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13
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Emamgholipour S, Ebrahimi R, Bahiraee A, Niazpour F, Meshkani R. Acetylation and insulin resistance: a focus on metabolic and mitogenic cascades of insulin signaling. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020:1-19. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1699498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahiraee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farshad Niazpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Guo ZL, Li Y, Liu XW, Wu MY, Guo Q, Yao XC, Wang YD, Wu WY. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate Alleviates High Glucose Induced Barrier Impairment of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium through the Reduction of NF-κB Activation via the AMPK/p300 Pathway. Curr Eye Res 2019; 45:177-183. [DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1668419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Chao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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15
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Nettore IC, Rocca C, Mancino G, Albano L, Amelio D, Grande F, Puoci F, Pasqua T, Desiderio S, Mazza R, Terracciano D, Colao A, Bèguinot F, Russo GL, Dentice M, Macchia PE, Sinicropi MS, Angelone T, Ungaro P. Quercetin and its derivative Q2 modulate chromatin dynamics in adipogenesis and Q2 prevents obesity and metabolic disorders in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:151-162. [PMID: 31096072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently the attention of the scientific community has focused on the ability of polyphenols to counteract adverse epigenetic regulation involved in the development of complex conditions such as obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the anti-adiposity effect of Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and of one of its derivatives, Q2 in which the OH groups have been replaced by acetyl groups. In 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes, Quercetin and Q2 treatment induce chromatin remodeling and histone modifications at the 5' regulatory region of the two main adipogenic genes, c/EBPα and PPARγ. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a concomitant increase of histone H3 di-methylation at Lys9, a typical mark of repressed gene promoters, and a decrease of histone H3 di-methylation at Lys 4, a mark of active transcription. At the same time, both compounds inhibited histone demethylase LSD1 recruitment to the 5' region of c/EBPα and PPARγ genes, a necessary step for adipogenesis. The final effect is a significant reduction in c/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression and attenuated adipogenesis. Q2 supplementation in rats reduced the gain in body weight and in white adipose tissue, as well as the increase in adipocyte size determined by high fat diet. Moreover, Q2 improved dyslipidemia, glucose tolerance and decreased the hepatic lipid accumulation by activating the expression of beta-oxidation related genes. Our data suggest that Q2, as well as Quercetin, has the potential to revert the unfavorable epigenomic profiles associated with obesity onset. This opens the possibility to use these compounds in targeted prevention strategies against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Amelio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Francesco Puoci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Silvio Desiderio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosa Mazza
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Bèguinot
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy; Istituto Nazionale Ricerche Cardiovascolari (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, "G.Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
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16
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Porta M, Amione C, Barutta F, Fornengo P, Merlo S, Gruden G, Albano L, Ciccarelli M, Ungaro P, Durazzo M, Beguinot F, Berchialla P, Cavallo F, Trento M. The co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) gene is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2019; 63:284-292. [PMID: 30173329 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the expression of a panel of epigenetic enzymes catalyzing histone tails post-transcriptional modifications, together with effectors of metabolic and inflammatory alterations, in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Cross-sectional, case-control study of 21 people with type 2 diabetes and 21 matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from white cells and reverse transcribed. PCR primer assays for 84 key genes encoding enzymes known to modify genomic DNA and histones were performed. Western blot was performed on lysates using primary antibodies for abnormally expressed enzymes. Hormones and cytokines were measured by multiplex kits. A Bayesian network was built to investigate the relationships between epigenetic, cytokine, and endocrine variables. RESULTS Co-activator-associated aRginine Methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression showed a five-fold higher median value, matched by higher protein levels, among patients who also had increased GIP, IL-4, IL-7, IL-13, IL-17, FGF basic, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNFα and decreased IP-10. In a Bayesian network approach, CARM1 expression showed a conditional dependence on diabetes, but was independent of all other variables nor appeared to influence any. CONCLUSIONS Increased CARM1 expression in type 2 diabetes suggests that epigenetic mechanisms are altered in human diabetes. The impact of lifestyle and pharmacological treatment on regulation of this enzyme should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Cristina Amione
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Barutta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornengo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Merlo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Ciccarelli
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Durazzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- National Research Council, URT of the Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Oncology "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marina Trento
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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17
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Dedov II, Tkachuk VA, Gusev NB, Shirinsky VP, Vorotnikov AV, Kochegura TN, Mayorov AY, Shestakova MV. Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: identification of the molecular mechanisms, key signaling pathways and transcription factors aimed to reveal new therapeutical targets. DIABETES MELLITUS 2018. [DOI: 10.14341/dm9730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a socially important disease with only symptomatic therapy developed due to lack of knowledge about its pathogenesis and underlying mechanism. Insulin resistance (IR) is the first link of T2DM pathogenesis and results in decrease of ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake by target cells. Development of IR involves genetic predisposition, excessive nutrition, stress, obesity or chronic inflammation due to disruption of insulin signaling within cells. Molecular mechanisms and markers of IR are characterized rather poorly, which prevents early diagnosis and creation of preventive therapy. Euglycemic clamp test is still a golden standard for IR diagnosis in clinic. Hyperglycemia is a distant consequence of IR in which damaging effect of oxidative and carbonyl stress is realized and diagnosis of T2DM is stipulated. Molecular chaperones and small heat-shock proteins have a protective effect at the early stages of T2DM pathogenesis, preventing development of reticulum stress and apoptosis. Endothelial dysfunction is related to T2DM and its cardiovascular complications, however, it is unknown on which stage of pathogenesis these changes occur and what are their molecular inductors. Finally, transcriptional activity and adipogenic differentiation play an important role in formation of new fat depots from predecessor cells and activation of brown and beige fat demonstrating hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic properties. The aim of this study was investigation of pathophysiological mechanisms of development of IR and endothelial dysfunction, role of transcription factor Prep1 and small heat shock proteins, evaluation of novel methods of diagnostics of IR and therapeutic potential of brown and beige fat, determination of biotargets for new antidiabetic drugs.
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18
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Vastolo V, Nettore IC, Ciccarelli M, Albano L, Raciti GA, Longo M, Beguinot F, Ungaro P. High-fat diet unveils an enhancer element at the Ped/Pea-15 gene responsible for epigenetic memory in skeletal muscle. Metabolism 2018; 87:70-79. [PMID: 29928894 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of nutrition on the evolution towards type 2 diabetes has recently received increasing attention because of the effect on chromatin structure and gene expression. PURPOSE Evaluate the effect of high-fat diet on chromatin remodelling and expression of Ped/Pea-15, a gene commonly overexpressed in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS We used mouse and cell models to investigate Ped/Pea-15 transcriptional regulation by high-fat diet and glucose, respectively. Chromatin structure and histone modification marks were assessed by Micrococcal Nuclease Protection and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Sixteen-week exposure of C57BL/6J mice to a high-fat diet impaired glucose tolerance and enhanced Ped/Pea-15 expression in their skeletal muscle tissue. This effect was associated with increased chromatin accessibility at specific regulatory sites at the Ped/Pea-15 gene. In particular, the region at -1900 to -1300 bp from Ped/Pea-15 transcription start site was revealed to feature enhancer activity as demonstrated by its function in the luciferase assay, increased p300 recruitment and H3K4me1 and H3K27Ac levels, all marks of functionally active enhancers. Returning mice to a standard chow diet was accompanied by rapid loss of acetylation of K27 on histone H3 and p300 recruitment at Ped/Pea-15. In contrast, the increased H3K4me1, which accompanied the high-fat diet exposure, remained stable. Incubation of muscle cells in culture medium supplemented with 25 mM glucose (HG) increased Ped/Pea-15 mRNA expression and H3K4me1 at the enhancer region. These effects became measurable upon 72 h of exposure to the HG medium and were not rescued upon returning the cells to the 5 mM glucose-containing medium. Interestingly, after 25 mM and sequential 5 mM glucose treatments, re-exposure of the same cells to HG medium further enhanced Ped/Pea-15 expression and increased H3K4me1 above the levels induced by the initial HG challenge already upon 24 h. CONCLUSION Transient exposure to HFD or HG unveiled the presence of an enhancer element at the Ped/Pea-15 gene. Epigenetic changes imposed at this region by diets, which impair glucose tolerance generate metabolic memory of the nutritional injury and leave Ped/Pea-15 induction in a poised state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Vastolo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Ciccarelli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Albano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola Ungaro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes-IEOS, CNR/Department of Translational Medicine, "Federico II" University Medical School of Napoli, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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19
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Ding H, Lu WC, Hu JC, Liu YC, Zhang CH, Lian FL, Zhang NX, Meng FW, Luo C, Chen KX. Identification and Characterizations of Novel, Selective Histone Methyltransferase SET7 Inhibitors by Scaffold Hopping- and 2D-Molecular Fingerprint-Based Similarity Search. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030567. [PMID: 29498708 PMCID: PMC6017732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SET7, serving as the only histone methyltransferase that monomethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, has been proved to function as a key regulator in diverse biological processes, such as cell proliferation, transcriptional network regulation in embryonic stem cell, cell cycle control, protein stability, heart morphogenesis and development. What's more, SET7 is involved inthe pathogenesis of alopecia aerate, breast cancer, tumor and cancer progression, atherosclerosis in human carotid plaques, chronic renal diseases, diabetes, obesity, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, there is urgent need to develop novel SET7 inhibitors. In this paper, based on DC-S239 which has been previously reported in our group, we employed scaffold hopping- and 2D fingerprint-based similarity searches and identified DC-S285 as the new hit compound targeting SET7 (IC50 = 9.3 μM). Both radioactive tracing and NMR experiments validated the interactions between DC-S285 and SET7 followed by the second-round similarity search leading to the identification ofDC-S303 with the IC50 value of 1.1 μM. In cellular level, DC-S285 retarded tumor cell proliferation and showed selectivity against MCF7 (IC50 = 21.4 μM), Jurkat (IC50 = 2.2 μM), THP1 (IC50 = 3.5 μM), U937 (IC50 = 3.9 μM) cell lines. Docking calculations suggested that DC-S303 share similar binding mode with the parent compoundDC-S239. What's more, it presented good selectivity against other epigenetic targets, including SETD1B, SETD8, G9a, SMYD2 and EZH2. DC-S303 can serve as a drug-like scaffold which may need further optimization for drug development, and can be used as chemical probe to help the community to better understand the SET7 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wen Chao Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jun Chi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yu-Chih Liu
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., #5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chen Hua Zhang
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., #5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fu Lin Lian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nai Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fan Wang Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Cheng Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kai Xian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Oriente F, Perruolo G, Cimmino I, Cabaro S, Liotti A, Longo M, Miele C, Formisano P, Beguinot F. Prep1, A Homeodomain Transcription Factor Involved in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:346. [PMID: 30002646 PMCID: PMC6032887 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-amino acid loop extension (TALE) homeodomain proteins are a family of transcription factor including the mammalian Pbx, MEIS and Prep proteins. TALE proteins can bind other transcription factors such as Pdx-1 and play an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Experiments performed in mutant mice have shown that while the single Pbx1 or Pdx-1 knockout mice feature pancreatic islet malformations, impaired glucose tolerance and hypoinsulinemia, the trans-heterozygous Pbx1+/-Pdx1+/- mice develop age-dependent overt diabetes mellitus. In contrast, Prep1 plays a different role with respect to these proteins. Indeed, Prep1 hypomorphic mice, expressing low levels of protein, feature pancreatic islet hypoplasia accompanied by hypoinsulinemia similar to Pbx1 or Pdx1. Nevertheless, these animals show increased insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue accompanied by protection from streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In addition, Prep1 hypomorphic mice feature reduced triglyceride synthesis and do not develop steatohepatitis after a methionine and coline deficient diet. In this review we have underlined how important metabolic functions are controlled by TALE proteins, in particular by Prep1, leading to hypothesis that its suppression might represent beneficial effect in the care of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Oriente
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perruolo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Cabaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Formisano
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Niu Y, Wang T, Liu S, Yuan H, Li H, Fu L. Exercise-induced GLUT4 transcription via inactivation of HDAC4/5 in mouse skeletal muscle in an AMPKα2-dependent manner. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2372-2381. [PMID: 28688716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism induces various metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Regular exercise improved glucose uptake and enhanced glucose oxidation by increasing GLUT4 transcription in skeletal muscle. However, the regulatory mechanisms of GLUT4 transcription in response to exercise are poorly understood. AMPK is a sensor of exercise and upstream kinase of class II HDACs that act as transcriptional repressors. We used 6-week treadmill exercise or one single-bout exercise wild type or AMPKα2-/- C57BL/6J mice to explore how HDACs regulate GLUT4 transcription and the underlying molecular mechanisms mediated by AMPK in the physiologic process of exercise. We demonstrate that regular physical exercise significantly enhanced GLUT4 transcription by inactivating HDAC4/5 in skeletal muscle by ChIP experiment. HDAC4 coordinately regulated with HDAC5 represses transcriptional activity of GLUT4 promoter in C2C12 myotubes by Luciferase assay. If either HDAC4 or HDAC5 is silenced via RNAi technology, the functional compensation by the other will occur. In addition, a single-bout of exercise decreased HDAC4/5 activity in skeletal muscle of wild type but not in AMPKα2-/- mice, suggesting an AMPKα2-dependent manner. Those findings provide new insight into the mechanisms responsible for AMPKα2-dependent regulation of GLUT4 transcription after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hairui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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22
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Cimmino I, Lorenzo V, Fiory F, Doti N, Ricci S, Cabaro S, Liotti A, Vitagliano L, Longo M, Miele C, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Ruvo M, Oriente F. A peptide antagonist of Prep1-p160 interaction improves ceramide-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71845-71858. [PMID: 29069751 PMCID: PMC5641094 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prep1 is a homeodomain transcription factor belonging to the TALE protein family. Its overexpression affects glucose metabolism in several tissues. In particular, in skeletal muscle tissue the interaction of Prep1 with its cofactor p160 impairs GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake. In this study, we show that ceramides (C2cer), a class of lipids antagonizing insulin signalling, increase the levels of Prep1 and p160 in a dose and time-dependent fashion in L6 cells and induce their association by 80%. We find that C2cer exposure inhibits insulin receptor, IRS1 and Akt phosphorylation and reduces insulin-stimulated glycogen content and glucose uptake by 1.3- and 2.1-fold, respectively. The synthetic Prep1(54-72) peptide, mimicking the Prep1 region involved in the interaction with p160, reduces in vitro Prep1-p160 binding in a dose-dependent way (IC50 = 0.20μM). In C2cer-treated L6 cells, 10μM Prep1(54-72) restores insulin signalling impaired by ceramide treatment. Prep1 overexpressing L6 cells display similar metabolic alterations observed in ceramide-treated L6 cells and the presence of Prep1(54-72) mitigates these events. All these findings suggest that disruption of the Prep1/p160 molecular interaction enhances insulin sensitivity impaired by ceramides in skeletal muscle cells and indicate this complex as an important target for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Lorenzo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Fiory
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Ricci
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Cabaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Oriente
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples and URT "Genomic of Diabetes" of Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Ackloo S, Brown PJ, Müller S. Chemical probes targeting epigenetic proteins: Applications beyond oncology. Epigenetics 2017; 12:378-400. [PMID: 28080202 PMCID: PMC5453191 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1279371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic chemical probes are potent, cell-active, small molecule inhibitors or antagonists of specific domains in a protein; they have been indispensable for studying bromodomains and protein methyltransferases. The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), comprising scientists from academic and pharmaceutical laboratories, has generated most of the current epigenetic chemical probes. Moreover, the SGC has shared about 4 thousand aliquots of these probes, which have been used primarily for phenotypic profiling or to validate targets in cell lines or primary patient samples cultured in vitro. Epigenetic chemical probes have been critical tools in oncology research and have uncovered mechanistic insights into well-established targets, as well as identify new therapeutic starting points. Indeed, the literature primarily links epigenetic proteins to oncology, but applications in inflammation, viral, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases are now being reported. We summarize the literature of these emerging applications and provide examples where existing probes might be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ackloo
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 15, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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24
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Metabolism and chromatin dynamics in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 54:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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25
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Tuano NK, Okabe J, Ziemann M, Cooper ME, El-Osta A. Set7 mediated interactions regulate transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9206-9217. [PMID: 27439711 PMCID: PMC5100561 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone methylation by lysine methyltransferase enzymes regulate the expression of genes implicated in lineage specificity and cellular differentiation. While it is known that Set7 catalyzes mono-methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, the functional importance of this enzyme in stem cell differentiation remains poorly understood. We show Set7 expression is increased during mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) differentiation and is regulated by the pluripotency factors, Oct4 and Sox2. Transcriptional network analyses reveal smooth muscle (SM) associated genes are subject to Set7-mediated regulation. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of Set7 activity confirms this regulation. We observe Set7-mediated modification of serum response factor (SRF) and mono-methylation of histone H4 lysine 4 (H3K4me1) regulate gene expression. We conclude the broad substrate specificity of Set7 serves to control key transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Tuano
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Jun Okabe
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia .,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Epigenomic Profiling Facility, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Junvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) Danielle Alberti Centre for Diabetic Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia .,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Epigenomic Profiling Facility, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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