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Li Z, Wang S, Xu Q, Su X, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. The double roles of T cell-mediated immune response in the progression of MASLD. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116333. [PMID: 38479177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), has become a major cause of chronic liver disease and a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, which poses a huge burden on global public health and economy. MASLD includes steatotic liver disease, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis, and the latter two cause great harm to human health and life, even complicated with liver cancer. Immunologic mechanism plays a major role in promoting its development into hepatitis and cirrhosis. Now more and more evidences show that T cells play an important role in the progression of MASLD. In this review, we discuss the double roles of T cells in MASLD from the perspective of T cell response pathways, as well as new evidences regarding the possible application of immunomodulatory therapy in MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qinchen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250021, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Third Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250031, China.
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Oranger A, Colaianni G, Ingravallo G, Scarcella VS, Faienza MF, Grano M, Colucci S, Brunetti G. LIGHT/TNFSF14 Affects Adipose Tissue Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:716. [PMID: 38255789 PMCID: PMC10815871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
LIGHT/TNFSF14 is linked to several signaling pathways as a crucial member of a larger immunoregulatory network. It is primarily expressed in inflammatory effector cells, and high levels of LIGHT have been reported in obesity. Thus, with the aim of deepening the knowledge of the role of LIGHT on adipose tissue phenotype, we studied wild-type (WT), Tnfsf14-/-, Rag-/- and Rag-/Tnfsf14- (DKO) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD). Our results show that, although there is no significant weight gain between the mice with different genotypes, it is significant within each of them. We also detected an increase in visceral White Adipose Tissue (vWAT) weight in all mice fed HFD, together with the lowest levels of vWAT weight in Tnfsf14-/- and DKO mice fed ND with respect to the other strain. Inguinal WAT (iWAT) weight is significantly affected by genotype and HFD. The least amount of iWAT was detected in DKO mice fed ND. Histological analysis of vWAT showed that both the genotype and the diet significantly affect the adipocyte area, whereas the number is affected only by the genotype. In iWAT, the genotype and the diet significantly affect mean adipocyte area and number; interestingly, the area with the least adipocyte was detected in DKO mice fed ND, suggesting a potential browning effect due to the simultaneous lack of mature lymphocytes and LIGHT. Consistently, Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) staining of iWAT demonstrated that few positive brown adipocytes appeared in DKO mice. Furthermore, LIGHT deficiency is associated with greater levels of UCP1, highlighting the lack of its expression in Rag-/- mice. Liver examination showed that all mice fed HFD had a steatotic liver, but it was particularly evident for DKO mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the adipose tissue phenotype is affected by LIGHT levels but also much more by mature lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Vincenza Sara Scarcella
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Zhong X, Lv M, Ma M, Huang Q, Hu R, Li J, Yi J, Sun J, Zhou X. State of CD8 + T cells in progression from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma: From pathogenesis to immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115131. [PMID: 37429231 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the obesity epidemic, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as the fastest growing potential cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH has been demonstrated to establish a tumor-prone liver microenvironment where both innate and adaptive immune systems are involved. As the most typical anti-tumor effector, the cell function of CD8+ T cells is remodeled by chronic inflammation, metabolic alteration, lipid toxicity and oxidative stress in the liver microenvironment along the NASH to HCC transition. Unexpectedly, NASH may blunt the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy against HCC due to the dysregulated CD8+ T cells. Growing evidence has supported that NASH is likely to facilitate the state transition of CD8+ T cells with changes in cell motility, effector function, metabolic reprogramming and gene transcription according to single-cell sequencing. However, the mechanistic insight of CD8+ T cell states in the NASH-driven HCC is not comprehensive. Herein, we focus on the characterization of state phenotypes of CD8+ T cells with both functional and metabolic signatures in NASH-driven fibrosis and HCC. The NASH-specific CD8+ T cells are speculated to mainly have a dualist effect, where its aberrant activated phenotype sustains chronic inflammation in NASH but subsequently triggers its exhaustion in HCC. As the exploration of CD8+ T cells on the distribution and phenotypic shifts will provide a new direction for the intervention strategies against HCC, we also discuss the implications for targeting different phenotypes of CD8+ T cells, shedding light on the personalized immunotherapy for NASH-driven HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhong
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Minling Lv
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - MengQing Ma
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyu Yi
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jialing Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Liver Disease, the fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Wu Y, Zhan S, Chen L, Sun M, Li M, Mou X, Zhang Z, Xu L, Xu Y. TNFSF14/LIGHT promotes cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation vulnerability via PI3Kγ/SGK1 pathway-dependent M2 macrophage polarisation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:544. [PMID: 37580750 PMCID: PMC10424430 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour necrosis factor superfamily protein 14 (TNFSF14), also called LIGHT, is an important regulator of immunological and fibrosis diseases. However, its specific involvement in cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of LIGHT on the development of myocardial fibrosis and AF. METHODS PCR arrays of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with AF and sinus rhythm was used to identify the dominant differentially expressed genes, followed by ELISA to evaluate its serum protein levels. Morphological, functional, and electrophysiological changes in the heart were detected in vivo after the tail intravenous injection of recombinant LIGHT (rLIGHT) in mice for 4 weeks. rLIGHT was used to stimulate bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to prepare a macrophage-conditioned medium (MCM) in vitro. Then, the MCM was used to culture mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). The expression of relevant proteins and genes was determined using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunostaining. RESULTS The mRNA levels of LIGHT and TNFRSF14 were higher in the PBMCs of patients with AF than in those of the healthy controls. Additionally, the serum protein levels of LIGHT were higher in patients with AF than those in the healthy controls and were correlated with left atrial reverse remodelling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that rLIGHT injection promoted macrophage infiltration and M2 polarisation in the heart, in addition to promoting atrial fibrosis and AF inducibility in vivo, as detected with MASSON staining and atrial burst pacing respectively. RNA sequencing of heart samples revealed that the PI3Kγ/SGK1 pathway may participate in these pathological processes. Therefore, we confirmed the hypothesis that rLIGHT promotes BMDM M2 polarisation and TGB-β1 secretion, and that this process can be inhibited by PI3Kγ and SGK1 inhibitors in vitro. Meanwhile, increased collagen synthesis and myofibroblast transition were observed in LIGHT-stimulated MCM-cultured CFs and were ameliorated in the groups treated with PI3Kγ and SGK1 inhibitors. CONCLUSION LIGHT protein levels in peripheral blood can be used as a prognostic marker for AF and to evaluate its severity. LIGHT promotes cardiac fibrosis and AF inducibility by promoting macrophage M2 polarisation, wherein PI3Kγ and SGK1 activation is indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Siyao Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Mingrui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Miaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Xuanting Mou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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Steele H, Cheng J, Willicut A, Dell G, Breckenridge J, Culberson E, Ghastine A, Tardif V, Herro R. TNF superfamily control of tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219907. [PMID: 37465675 PMCID: PMC10351606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the result of extracellular matrix protein deposition and remains a leading cause of death in USA. Despite major advances in recent years, there remains an unmet need to develop therapeutic options that can effectively degrade or reverse fibrosis. The tumor necrosis super family (TNFSF) members, previously studied for their roles in inflammation and cell death, now represent attractive therapeutic targets for fibrotic diseases. In this review, we will summarize select TNFSF and their involvement in fibrosis of the lungs, the heart, the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the kidney, and the liver. We will emphasize their direct activity on epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. We will further report on major clinical trials targeting these ligands. Whether in isolation or in combination with other anti-TNFSF member or treatment, targeting this superfamily remains key to improve efficacy and selectivity of currently available therapies for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Steele
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jason Cheng
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ashley Willicut
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Garrison Dell
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joey Breckenridge
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Erica Culberson
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Andrew Ghastine
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Virginie Tardif
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), Rouen, France
| | - Rana Herro
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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6
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Eren F, Schwieler L, Orhan F, Malmqvist A, Piehl F, Cervenka S, Sellgren CM, Fatouros-Bergman H, Engberg G, Erhardt S. Immunological protein profiling of first-episode psychosis patients identifies CSF and blood biomarkers correlating with disease severity. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:376-385. [PMID: 37146654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Immune activation is suggested to play an important role in psychosis. In this study, a large number of immune-related proteins were analyzed to obtain a more comprehensive picture of immune aberrations in schizophrenia. STUDY DESIGN Ninety-two immune markers were analyzed by the Olink Protein Extension Assay (Inflammatory Panel) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (of which 43 later received the diagnosis of schizophrenia) and 56 healthy controls, all recruited from the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP), Stockholm, Sweden. STUDY RESULTS Differential analysis showed that 12 of 92 inflammatory proteins were significantly higher in the plasma of FEP patients (n = 77) than in controls, and several proteins were positively correlated with disease severity. Patients from the same cohort diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 43), showed significantly higher levels of 15 plasma proteins compared to controls whereas those not receiving this diagnosis showed no significant differences. The presently used OLINK inflammatory panel allowed the detection of only 47 CSF proteins of which only CD5 differed between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS The levels of several peripheral immune markers, particularly those interfering with WNT/β-catenin signaling, were significantly higher in patients with FEP than in healthy controls and associated with illness severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feride Eren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lilly Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Funda Orhan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Malmqvist
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl M Sellgren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Faienza MF, Brunetti G, Fintini D, Grugni G, Wasniewska MG, Crinò A, D'Amato G, Piacente L, Oranger A, Dicarlo M, Colucci S, Grano M. High levels of LIGHT/TNFSF14 in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-023-02050-2. [PMID: 36917420 PMCID: PMC10371899 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/METHODS Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder displaying different clinical features, including obesity and bone impairment. LIGHT/TNFSF14 is a cytokine produced by immune cells affecting both fat and bone metabolism. The present study aimed to evaluate LIGHT serum levels in 28 children and 52 adult PWS patients compared to age and sex-matched controls, as well as correlations with parameters of bone and fat metabolism. RESULTS Median serum LIGHT levels were significantly increased in pediatric PWS with respect to controls [255.82 (284.43) pg/ml vs 168.11 (76.23) pg/ml, p ≤ 0.02] as well as in adult PWS compared to controls [296.85 (895.95) pg/ml vs 134.18 (141.18) pg/ml, p ≤ 0.001]. In pediatric PWS, LIGHT levels were positively correlated with weight-SDS, height-SDS, and glucose levels, and negatively with total 25 (OH) vitamin D, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Additionally, LIGHT levels were negatively correlated with total BMD and fat mass. In adult PWS, LIGHT levels were positively correlated with weight, HDL cholesterol and PTH, and negatively with glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)Vitamin D as well as with instrumental parameters of bone and fat quality. Consistently, multiple regression analysis showed that LIGHT serum levels in pediatric and adult PWS were predicted by different parameters including 25 (OH) Vitamin D as well as DXA parameters of bone and fat quality. CONCLUSIONS In PWS children and adults the high levels of LIGHT could represent a marker of the altered bone and fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Faienza
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - G Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - D Fintini
- Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric University Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grugni
- Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Research Institute, Verbania, Italy
| | - M G Wasniewska
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Crinò
- Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Amato
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Di Venere Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - L Piacente
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - A Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - M Dicarlo
- Department of Translational Biosciences and Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - S Colucci
- Department of Translational Biosciences and Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - M Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
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8
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Liu J, Ding M, Bai J, Luo R, Liu R, Qu J, Li X. Decoding the role of immune T cells: A new territory for improvement of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. IMETA 2023; 2:e76. [PMID: 38868343 PMCID: PMC10989916 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new emerging concept and is associated with metabolic dysfunction, generally replacing the name of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to heterogeneous liver condition and inaccuracies in definition. The prevalence of MAFLD is rising by year due to dietary changes, metabolic disorders, and no approved therapy, affecting a quarter of the global population and representing a major economic problem that burdens healthcare systems. Currently, in addition to the common causative factors like insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity, the role of immune cells, especially T cells, played in MAFLD is increasingly being emphasized by global scholars. Based on the diverse classification and pathophysiological effects of immune T cells, we comprehensively analyzed their bidirectional regulatory effects on the hepatic inflammatory microenvironment and MAFLD progression. This interaction between MAFLD and T cells was also associated with hepatic-intestinal immune crosstalk and gut microbiota homeostasis. Moreover, we pointed out several T-cell-based therapeutic approaches including but not limited to adoptive transfer of T cells, fecal microbiota transplantation, and drug therapy, especially for natural products and Chinese herbal prescriptions. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the important role of T cells played in MAFLD progression and corresponding therapeutic options and provides a potential reference for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Mingning Ding
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jinzhao Bai
- School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ranyi Luo
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiaorong Qu
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
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Martín-Vañó S, Miralles-Abella A, Castaño P, Hurtado-Genovés G, Aguilar-Ballester M, Herrero-Cervera A, Vinué A, Martínez-Hervás S, González-Navarro H. Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype is modulated by ligands of the lymphotoxin β receptor and the tumor necrosis factor receptor. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2023; 35:1-11. [PMID: 35738949 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) undergo a phenotypic-switching process during the generation of unstable atheroma plaques. In this investigation, the potential implication of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) ligands, in the gene expression signature associated with VSMC plasticity was studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human aortic (ha)VSMCs were obtained commercially and treated with the cytokine TNFSF14, also called LIGHT, the lymphotoxin alpha (LTα), the heterotrimer LTα1β2 or with vehicle for 72h. The effect of the different treatments on gene expression was analyzed by quantitative PCR and included the study of genes associated with myofibroblast-like cell function, osteochondrogenesis, pluripotency, lymphorganogenesis and macrophage-like cell function. RESULTS HaVSMCs displayed a change in myofibroblast-like cell genes which consisted in reduced COL1A1 and TGFB1 mRNA levels when treated with LTα or LIGHT and with augmented MMP9 expression levels when treated with LTα. LTα and LIGHT treatments also diminished the expression of genes associated with osteochondrogenesis and pluripotency SOX9, CKIT, and KLF4. By contrary, all the above genes were no affected by the treatment with the trimer LTα1β2. In addition, haVSMC treatment with LTα, LTα1β2 and LIGHT altered lymphorganogenic cytokine gene expression which consisted of augmented CCL20 and CCL21 mRNA levels by LTα and a reduction in the gene expression of CCL21 and CXCL13 by LIGHT and LTα1β2 respectively. Neither, LTα or LIGHT or LTα1β2 treatments affected the expression of macrophage-like cell markers in haVSMC. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, indicates that the TNFSF ligands through their interconnected network of signaling, are important in the preservation of VSMC identity against the acquisition of a genetic expression signature compatible with functional cellular plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela Vinué
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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10
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Sulaiman SA, Dorairaj V, Adrus MNH. Genetic Polymorphisms and Diversity in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Mini Review. Biomedicines 2022; 11:106. [PMID: 36672614 PMCID: PMC9855725 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease with a wide spectrum of liver conditions ranging from hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevalence of NAFLD varies across populations, and different ethnicities have specific risks for the disease. NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease where the genetics, metabolic, and environmental factors interplay and modulate the disease's development and progression. Several genetic polymorphisms have been identified and are associated with the disease risk. This mini-review discussed the NAFLD's genetic polymorphisms and focusing on the differences in the findings between the populations (diversity), including of those reports that did not show any significant association. The challenges of genetic diversity are also summarized. Understanding the genetic contribution of NAFLD will allow for better diagnosis and management explicitly tailored for the various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aishah Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaa’cob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (V.D.); (M.N.H.A.)
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11
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Christiansen C, Tomlinson M, Eliot M, Nilsson E, Costeira R, Xia Y, Villicaña S, Mompeo O, Wells P, Castillo-Fernandez J, Potier L, Vohl MC, Tchernof A, Moustafa JES, Menni C, Steves CJ, Kelsey K, Ling C, Grundberg E, Small KS, Bell JT. Adipose methylome integrative-omic analyses reveal genetic and dietary metabolic health drivers and insulin resistance classifiers. Genome Med 2022; 14:75. [PMID: 35843982 PMCID: PMC9290282 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable evidence for the importance of the DNA methylome in metabolic health, for example, a robust methylation signature has been associated with body mass index (BMI). However, visceral fat (VF) mass accumulation is a greater risk factor for metabolic disease than BMI alone. In this study, we dissect the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) methylome signature relevant to metabolic health by focusing on VF as the major risk factor of metabolic disease. We integrate results with genetic, blood methylation, SAT gene expression, blood metabolomic, dietary intake and metabolic phenotype data to assess and quantify genetic and environmental drivers of the identified signals, as well as their potential functional roles. METHODS Epigenome-wide association analyses were carried out to determine visceral fat mass-associated differentially methylated positions (VF-DMPs) in SAT samples from 538 TwinsUK participants. Validation and replication were performed in 333 individuals from 3 independent cohorts. To assess functional impacts of the VF-DMPs, the association between VF and gene expression was determined at the genes annotated to the VF-DMPs and an association analysis was carried out to determine whether methylation at the VF-DMPs is associated with gene expression. Further epigenetic analyses were carried out to compare methylation levels at the VF-DMPs as the response variables and a range of different metabolic health phenotypes including android:gynoid fat ratio (AGR), lipids, blood metabolomic profiles, insulin resistance, T2D and dietary intake variables. The results from all analyses were integrated to identify signals that exhibit altered SAT function and have strong relevance to metabolic health. RESULTS We identified 1181 CpG positions in 788 genes to be differentially methylated with VF (VF-DMPs) with significant enrichment in the insulin signalling pathway. Follow-up cross-omic analysis of VF-DMPs integrating genetics, gene expression, metabolomics, diet, and metabolic traits highlighted VF-DMPs located in 9 genes with strong relevance to metabolic disease mechanisms, with replication of signals in FASN, SREBF1, TAGLN2, PC and CFAP410. PC methylation showed evidence for mediating effects of diet on VF. FASN DNA methylation exhibited putative causal effects on VF that were also strongly associated with insulin resistance and methylation levels in FASN better classified insulin resistance (AUC=0.91) than BMI or VF alone. CONCLUSIONS Our findings help characterise the adiposity-associated methylation signature of SAT, with insights for metabolic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Christiansen
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Max Tomlinson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Eliot
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Emma Nilsson
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ricardo Costeira
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sergio Villicaña
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Olatz Mompeo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philippa Wells
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Louis Potier
- Diabetology Department, Bichat Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Andre Tchernof
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, R.I., USA
| | - Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elin Grundberg
- Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
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12
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Ware CF, Croft M, Neil GA. Realigning the LIGHT signaling network to control dysregulated inflammation. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213236. [PMID: 35604387 PMCID: PMC9130030 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the physiologic functions of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) of ligands, receptors, and signaling networks are providing deeper insight into pathogenesis of infectious and autoimmune diseases and cancer. LIGHT (TNFSF14) has emerged as an important modulator of critical innate and adaptive immune responses. LIGHT and its signaling receptors, herpesvirus entry mediator (TNFRSF14), and lymphotoxin β receptor, form an immune regulatory network with two co-receptors of herpesvirus entry mediator, checkpoint inhibitor B and T lymphocyte attenuator, and CD160. Deciphering the fundamental features of this network reveals new understanding to guide therapeutic development. Accumulating evidence from infectious diseases points to the dysregulation of the LIGHT network as a disease-driving mechanism in autoimmune and inflammatory reactions in barrier organs, including coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and inflammatory bowel diseases. Recent clinical results warrant further investigation of the LIGHT regulatory network and application of target-modifying therapeutics for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl F Ware
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA
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13
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Zhang X, Li J, Liu T, Zhao M, Liang B, Chen H, Zhang Z. Identification of Key Biomarkers and Immune Infiltration in Liver Tissue after Bariatric Surgery. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4369329. [PMID: 35789605 PMCID: PMC9250435 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4369329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Few drugs are clearly available for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); nevertheless, mounting studies have provided sufficient evidence that bariatric surgery is efficient for multiple metabolic diseases, including NAFLD and NASH, while the molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Methods The mRNA expression profiling of GSE48452 and GSE83452 were retrieved and obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma package was employed for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by clusterProfiler for performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, and GSEA software for performing GSEA analyses. The PPI network analyses were constructed using Metascape online analyses. WGCNA was also utilized to identify and verify the hub genes. CIBERSORT tools contributed to the analysis of immune cell infiltration of liver diseases. Results We identify coexpressed differential genes including 10 upregulated and 55 downregulated genes in liver tissue after bariatric surgery. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that DEGs were remarkably involved in the immune response. GSEA demonstrated that DEGs were markedly enriched in the immune response before surgery, while most were enriched in metabolism after surgery. Seven genes were screened through the MCC algorithm and KME values, including SRGN, CD53, EVI2B, MPEG1, NCKAP1L, LCP1, and TYROBP. The mRNA levels of these genes were verified in the Attie Lab Diabetes Database, and only LCP1 was found to have significant differences and correlation with certain immune cells. Conclusion Our knowledge of the mechanisms by which bariatric surgery benefits the liver and the discovery of LCP1 is expected to serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for NAFLD and NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiancai Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Antibody Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baozhu Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Actualización práctica de las recomendaciones del Grupo de Psoriasis de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología (GPS) para el tratamiento de la psoriasis con terapia biológica. Parte 2 «Manejo de poblaciones especiales, pacientes con comorbilidad y gestión del riesgo». ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2022; 113:583-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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15
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Carrascosa JM, Puig L, Romero IB, Salgado-Boquete L, Del Alcázar E, Lencina JJA, Moreno D, de la Cueva P. [Translated article] Practical Update of the Guidelines Published by the Psoriasis Group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (GPs) on the Treatment of Psoriasis With Biologic Agents: Part 2-Management of Special Populations, Patients With Comorbid Conditions, and Risk. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2022; 113:T583-T609. [PMID: 35748004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Since its inception, the Psoriasis Group (GPs) of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV) has worked to continuously update recommendations for the treatment of psoriasis based on the best available evidence and incorporating proposals arising from and aimed at clinical practice. An updated GPs consensus document on the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis was needed because of changes in the treatment paradigm and the approval in recent years of a large number of new biologic agents. METHODOLOGY The consensus document was developed using the nominal group technique complemented by a scoping review. First, a designated coordinator selected a group of GPs members for the panel based on their experience and knowledge of psoriasis. The coordinator defined the objectives and key points for the document and, with the help of a documentalist, conducted a scoping review of articles in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to January 2021. The review included systematic reviews and meta-analyses as well as clinical trials not included in those studies and high-quality real-world studies. National and international clinical practice guidelines and consensus documents on the management of moderate to severe psoriasis were also reviewed. The coordinator then drew up a set of proposed recommendations, which were discussed and modified in a nominal group meeting. After several review processes, including external review by other GPs members, the final document was drafted. RESULTS The present guidelines include updated recommendations on assessing the severity of psoriasis and criteria for the indication of systemic treatment. They also include general principles for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and define treatment goals for these patients as well as criteria for the indication and selection of initial and subsequent therapies Practical issues, such as treatment failure and maintenance of response, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Carrascosa
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, IGTP, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L Puig
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I B Romero
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-ISABIAL - Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - L Salgado-Boquete
- Departamento de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - E Del Alcázar
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, IGTP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J J A Lencina
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Vega Baja, Alicante, Spain
| | - D Moreno
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - P de la Cueva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Tsukahara Y, Ferran B, Minetti ET, Chong BSH, Gower AC, Bachschmid MM, Matsui R. Administration of Glutaredoxin-1 Attenuates Liver Fibrosis Caused by Aging and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:867. [PMID: 35624731 PMCID: PMC9138033 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a sign of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression towards steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis and is accelerated by aging. Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) controls redox signaling by reversing protein S-glutathionylation, induced by oxidative stress, and its deletion causes fatty liver in mice. Although Glrx regulates various pathways, including metabolism and apoptosis, the impact of Glrx on liver fibrosis has not been studied. Therefore, we evaluated the role of Glrx in liver fibrosis induced by aging or by a high-fat, high-fructose diet. We found that: (1) upregulation of Glrx expression level inhibits age-induced hepatic apoptosis and liver fibrosis. In vitro studies indicate that Glrx regulates Fas-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes; (2) diet-induced NASH leads to reduced expression of Glrx and higher levels of S-glutathionylated proteins in the liver. In the NASH model, hepatocyte-specific adeno-associated virus-mediated Glrx overexpression (AAV-Hep-Glrx) suppresses fibrosis and apoptosis and improves liver function; (3) AAV-Hep-Glrx significantly inhibits transcription of Zbtb16 and negatively regulates immune pathways in the NASH liver. In conclusion, the upregulation of Glrx is a potential therapeutic for the reversal of NASH progression by attenuating inflammatory and fibrotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tsukahara
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Beatriz Ferran
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Erika T. Minetti
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Brian S. H. Chong
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Adam C. Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Markus M. Bachschmid
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Reiko Matsui
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
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Ikawa T, Ichimura Y, Miyagawa T, Fukui Y, Toyama S, Omatsu J, Awaji K, Norimatsu Y, Watanabe Y, Yoshizaki A, Sato S, Asano Y. The Contribution of LIGHT to the Development of Systemic Sclerosis by Modulating IL-6 and T Helper Type 1 Chemokine Expression in Dermal Fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1541-1551.e3. [PMID: 34838790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune and vascular disease resulting in multiple organ fibrosis, in which IL-6 and T helper (Th)2/Th17 cytokines serve as critical disease drivers. LIGHT is a proinflammatory cytokine promoting IL-6 production in lung fibroblasts and Th1 chemokine expression in dermal fibroblasts (DFs) stimulated with IFN-γ. In this study, we investigated the potential contribution of LIGHT to SSc development using clinical samples and animal models. In SSc-involved skin, LIGHT was upregulated in inflammatory cells, whereas herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a receptor of LIGHT, was downregulated in DFs. Similar expression profiles of LIGHT and HVEM were reproduced in bleomycin-treated mice. Transcription factor FLI1 bound to the HVEM promoter, and FLI1 small interfering RNA suppressed HVEM expression in normal DFs. In SSc DFs, LIGHT significantly increased IL-6 production, whereas IFN-γ/LIGHT-dependent Th1 chemokine induction was decreased compared with that in normal DFs. Importantly, LIGHT small interfering RNA significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis, and serum LIGHT levels were elevated in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc and positively correlated with clinical parameters reflecting skin and pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, these results suggest that altered response of DFs to LIGHT, namely increased IL-6 production and decreased Th1 chemokine expression, contributes to the development of skin fibrosis in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Ichimura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyagawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukui
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Toyama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Omatsu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Awaji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Norimatsu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kou YB, Yan XQ, Jing QY, Zhang SH, Liu ZZ, Wei YX, Wang YG. LIGHT (TNFSF14) inhibits glucose uptake of adipocytes by downregulating GLUT4 expression via AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 583:106-113. [PMID: 34735871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis of adipocytes could be regulated by immune-adipose crosstalk. In order to investigate the effects of Lymphotoxin-like inducible protein that competes with glycoprotein D for herpesvirus entry on T cells (LIGHT) on glucose metabolism, we performed the present study. Our results showed that LIGHT deficiency improved glucose tolerance and enhanced glucose consumption of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) under high fat diet. Consistently, Light overexpression could inhibit glucose uptake during the process of white adipogenesis. Mechanistically, LIGHT interacted with lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) to attenuate AKT pathway leading to downregulation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression, which resulted in glucose uptake inhibition. In summary, our findings revealed LIGHT-LTβR-AKT-GLUT4 axis as a regulator of glucose uptake in adipose tissue, which suggested the pivotal role of LIGHT in maintaining glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Qing Yan
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yue Jing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Han Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuan-Zhuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Gang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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HES5-mediated repression of LIGHT transcription may contribute to apoptosis in hepatocytes. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:308. [PMID: 34689159 PMCID: PMC8542050 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prototypical form of metabolic syndrome and has become a global pandemic. Hepatocytes undergo apoptosis in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We report that the lymphokine LIGHT/TNFSF14 was upregulated in the murine NAFLD livers and in hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids (palmitate, PA). LIGHT knockdown or neutralization attenuated PA-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. Similarly, knockdown or blockade of LTβR, the receptor for LIGHT, ameliorated apoptosis in hepatocytes exposed to PA. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed several Notch-related transcription factors as upstream regulators of LIGHT, of which HES5 expression was downregulated paralleling LIGHT induction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. HES5 knockdown enhanced whereas HES5 over-expression weakened LIGHT induction in hepatocytes. HES5 was found to directly bind to the LIGHT promoter and repress LIGHT transcription. Mechanistically, HES5 interacted with SIRT1 to deacetylate histone H3/H4 on the LIGHT promoter to repress LIGHT transcription. SIRT1 knockdown or inhibition offset the effect of HES5 over-expression on LIGHT transcription and hepatocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, our data unveil a novel mechanism that might contribute to excessive apoptosis in hepatocyte exposed to free fatty acids.
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Herrero-Cervera A, Espinós-Estévez C, Martín-Vañó S, Taberner-Cortés A, Aguilar-Ballester M, Vinué Á, Piqueras L, Martínez-Hervás S, González-Navarro H. Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Is Aggravated by Genetic Inactivation of LIGHT (TNFSF14). Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111518. [PMID: 34829747 PMCID: PMC8615201 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), is a complex disorder characterized by vascular vessel wall remodeling. LIGHT (TNFSF14) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with vascular disease. In the present study, the impact of genetic inactivation of Light was investigated in dissecting AAA induced by angiotensin II (AngII) in the Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe−/−) mice. Studies in aortic human (ah) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to study potential translation to human pathology were also performed. AngII-treated Apoe−/−Light−/− mice displayed increased abdominal aorta maximum diameter and AAA severity compared with Apoe−/− mice. Notably, reduced smooth muscle α-actin+ area and Acta2 and Col1a1 gene expression were observed in AAA from Apoe−/−Light−/− mice, suggesting a loss of VSMC contractile phenotype compared with controls. Decreased Opn and augmented Sox9 expression, which are associated with detrimental and non-contractile osteochondrogenic VSMC phenotypes, were also seen in AngII-treated Apoe−/−Light−/− mouse AAA. Consistent with a role of LIGHT preserving VSMC contractile characteristics, LIGHT-treatment of ahVSMCs diminished the expression of SOX9 and of the pluripotency marker CKIT. These effects were partly mediated through lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) as the silencing of its gene ablated LIGHT effects on ahVSMCs. These studies suggest a protective role of LIGHT through mechanisms that prevent VSMC trans-differentiation in an LTβR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
| | | | - Susana Martín-Vañó
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - Alida Taberner-Cortés
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - María Aguilar-Ballester
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - Ángela Vinué
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - Laura Piqueras
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- INCLIVA, Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.H.-C.); (S.M.-V.); (A.T.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (Á.V.); (L.P.); (S.M.-H.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-386-44-03; Fax: +34-96-398-78-60
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21
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Agostino M, Rooney J, Herat L, Matthews J, Simonds A, Northfield SE, Hopper D, Schlaich MP, Matthews VB. TNFSF14-Derived Molecules as a Novel Treatment for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910647. [PMID: 34638990 PMCID: PMC8508965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases in the Western world and correlates directly with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, often culminating in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Importantly, our team has recently shown that the TNF superfamily (TNFSF) member protein, TNFSF14, has been reported to protect against high fat diet induced obesity and pre-diabetes. We hypothesized that mimics of TNFSF14 may therefore be valuable as anti-diabetic agents. In this study, we use in silico approaches to identify key regions of TNFSF14 responsible for binding to the Herpes virus entry mediator and Lymphotoxin β receptor. In vitro evaluation of a selection of optimised peptides identified six potentially therapeutic TNFSF14 peptides. We report that these peptides increased insulin and fatty acid oxidation signalling in skeletal muscle cells. We then selected one of these promising peptides to determine the efficacy to promote metabolic benefits in vivo. Importantly, the TNFSF14 peptide 7 reduced high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in a mouse model of obesity. In addition, we highlight that the TNFSF14 peptide 7 resulted in a marked reduction in liver steatosis and a concomitant increase in phospho-AMPK signalling. We conclude that TNFSF14-derived molecules positively regulate glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism and may therefore open a completely novel therapeutic pathway for treating obesity and T2D.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Computer Simulation
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Glucose Intolerance/drug therapy
- Glucose Intolerance/metabolism
- Homeostasis/drug effects
- Hyperinsulinism/drug therapy
- Hyperinsulinism/metabolism
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Insulin Resistance
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/chemistry
- Lymphotoxin beta Receptor/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/etiology
- Obesity/metabolism
- Peptides/administration & dosage
- Peptides/chemical synthesis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/chemistry
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/administration & dosage
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/chemistry
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Agostino
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (M.A.); (A.S.)
- Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rooney
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.); (L.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Lakshini Herat
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.); (L.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Jennifer Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.); (L.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Allyson Simonds
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Susan E. Northfield
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (S.E.N.); (D.H.)
| | - Denham Hopper
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (S.E.N.); (D.H.)
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Markus P. Schlaich
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Vance B. Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.); (L.H.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9224-0239; Fax: +61-8-9224-0374
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22
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de Freitas E Silva R, von Stebut E. Unraveling the Role of Immune Checkpoints in Leishmaniasis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:620144. [PMID: 33776999 PMCID: PMC7990902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.620144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis are Neglected Tropical Diseases affecting millions of people every year in at least 98 countries and is one of the major unsolved world health issues. Leishmania is a parasitic protozoa which are transmitted by infected sandflies and in the host they mainly infect macrophages. Immunity elicited against those parasites is complex and immune checkpoints play a key role regulating its function. T cell receptors and their respective ligands, such as PD-1, CTLA-4, CD200, CD40, OX40, HVEM, LIGHT, 2B4 and TIM-3 have been characterized for their role in regulating adaptive immunity against different pathogens. However, the exact role those receptors perform during Leishmania infections remains to be better determined. This article addresses the key role immune checkpoints play during Leishmania infections, the limiting factors and translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther von Stebut
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Taberner-Cortés A, Vinué Á, Herrero-Cervera A, Aguilar-Ballester M, Real JT, Burks DJ, Martínez-Hervás S, González-Navarro H. Dapagliflozin Does Not Modulate Atherosclerosis in Mice with Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239216. [PMID: 33287201 PMCID: PMC7730942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases morbimortality in humans via enhanced susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are drugs designed for T2DM treatment to diminish hyperglycaemia by reducing up to 90% of renal tube glucose reabsorption. Clinical studies also suggest a beneficial action of SGLT2i in heart failure and CVD independent of its hypoglycaemiant effect. In the present study, we explored the effect of SGLT2i dapagliflozin (DAPA) in the metabolism and atherosclerosis in Apoe−/−Irs2+/− mice, which display accelerated atherosclerosis induced by insulin resistance. DAPA treatment of Apoe−/−Irs2+/− mice, which were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet, failed to modify body weight, plasma glucose or lipid. Carbohydrate metabolism characterisation showed no effect of DAPA in the glucose tolerance test (GTT) despite augmented insulin levels during the test. In fact, decreased C-peptide levels in DAPA-treated mice during the GTT suggested impaired insulin release. Consistent with this, DAPA treatment of Apoe−/−Irs2+/− isolated islets displayed lower glucose-stimulated insulin secretion compared with vehicle-treated islets. Moreover, insulin-signalling experiments showed decreased pAKT activation in DAPA-treated adipose tissue indicating impaired insulin signalling in this tissue. No changes were seen in lesion size, vulnerability or content of macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, T cells or collagen. DAPA did not affect circulating inflammatory cells or cytokine levels. Hence, this study indicates that DAPA does not protect against atherosclerosis in insulin-resistant mice in hypercholesterolemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alida Taberner-Cortés
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - Ángela Vinué
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - María Aguilar-Ballester
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
| | - José Tomás Real
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERDEM (Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Deborah Jane Burks
- CIBERDEM (Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- CIPF Principe Felipe Research Center, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERDEM (Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- Health Research Institute Clinic Hospital of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.T.-C.); (Á.V.); (A.H.-C.); (M.A.-B.); (J.T.R.); (S.M.-H.)
- CIBERDEM (Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-386-4403
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24
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Yang Y, Meng L, Wu S, Li Y, Zhong Y, Xu F, Zhou XC, Li GQ, Xu GL, Peng KF. LIGHT deficiency aggravates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by upregulating mitochondrial apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:106999. [PMID: 33045563 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent for treating patients with solid tumors. The most common side effect of cisplatin treatment is nephrotoxicity. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial apoptotic pathways are involved in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI). LIGHT, the 14th member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF14), was found to induce apoptosis of certain types of tumor cells. So far, a link between LIGHT and Cis-AKI has not been reported. In this study, we observed that expression of LIGHT and its receptors HVEM and LTβR was increased in kidney tissues of mice after cisplatin treatment. LIGHT deficiency aggravated kidney injury, as evidenced by more severe tubular injury; remarkably increased levels of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and both kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and inflammatory cytokine mRNAs in renal tissues. Moreover, in the renal tissues of LIGHT KO mice, cisplatin-induced mitochondrion injury and the levels of the pro-apoptotic molecules Bax, Cytochrome C (Cyt C), cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 were dramatically increased; in contrast, the expression of anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2 was markedly reduced, compared to those in WT mice, suggesting that LIGHT deficiency accelerated cisplatin-induced mitochondrial apoptosis of renal tubular cells in these mice. Accordingly, treatment with recombinant human LIGHT (rLIGHT) was shown to alleviate cisplatin-induced kidney injury in vivo. Similar results were observed after the human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 cells exposure to rLIGHT stimulation, evidenced by the reduction in the mitochondrion dysfunction (as confirmed by the significant reduced oxidative stress and membrane potential changes) and in the percentage of cells apoptosis. While blocking LIGHT with the soluble fusion protein LTβR-Ig or HVEM-Ig accelerated the HK-2 cells apoptosis. In conclusion, LIGHT deficiency aggravates Cis-AKI by promoting mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shun Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihai Hospital affiliated with Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400006, China
| | - Gui-Qing Li
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gui-Lian Xu
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Kan-Fu Peng
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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25
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Méndez-Sánchez N, Valencia-Rodríguez A, Coronel-Castillo C, Vera-Barajas A, Contreras-Carmona J, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Zamora-Valdés D. The cellular pathways of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:400. [PMID: 32355844 PMCID: PMC7186641 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered the advanced stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation and different degrees of fibrosis. Although the exact mechanisms by which fatty liver progresses to NASH are still not well understood, innate and adaptive immune responses seem to be essential key regulators in the establishment, progression, and chronicity of these disease. Diet-induced lipid overload of parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells is considered the first step for the development of fatty liver with the consequent organelle dysfunction, cellular stress and liver injury. These will generate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that will upregulate the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MMs) favoring the polarization of the tolerogenic environment of the liver to an immunogenic phenotype with the resulting transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts developing fibrosis. In the long run, dendritic cells (DCs) will activate CD4+ T cells polarizing into the pro-inflammatory lymphocytes Th1 and Th17 worsening the liver damage and inflammation. Therefore, the objective of this review is to discuss in a systematic way the mechanisms known so far of the immune and non-proper immune liver cells in the development and progression of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico.,Faculty of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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26
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Abstract
In the past decade, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, as well as an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver lesions, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Although steatosis is often harmless, the lobular inflammation that characterizes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered a driving force in the progression of NAFLD. The current view is that innate immune mechanisms represent a key element in supporting hepatic inflammation in NASH. However, increasing evidence points to the role of adaptive immunity as an additional factor promoting liver inflammation. This Review discusses data regarding the role of B cells and T cells in sustaining the progression of NASH to fibrosis and HCC, along with the findings that antigens originating from oxidative stress act as a trigger for immune responses. We also highlight the mechanisms affecting liver immune tolerance in the setting of steatohepatitis that favour lymphocyte activation. Finally, we analyse emerging evidence concerning the possible application of immune modulating treatments in NASH therapy.
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