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Subaramaniyam U, Allimuthu RS, Vappu S, Ramalingam D, Balan R, Paital B, Panda N, Rath PK, Ramalingam N, Sahoo DK. Effects of microplastics, pesticides and nano-materials on fish health, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanism. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1217666. [PMID: 37435307 PMCID: PMC10331820 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1217666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics and pesticides are emerging contaminants in the marine biota, which cause many harmful effects on aquatic organisms, especially on fish. Fish is a staple and affordable food source, rich in animal protein, along with various vitamins, essential amino acids, and minerals. Exposure of fish to microplastics, pesticides, and various nanoparticles generates ROS and induces oxidative stress, inflammation, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, and DNA damage and alters gut microbiota, thus reducing the growth and quality of fish. Changes in fish behavioral patterns, swimming, and feeding habits were also observed under exposures to the above contaminants. These contaminants also affect the Nrf-2, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. And Nrf2-KEAP1 signalling modulates redox status marinating enzymes in fish. Effects of pesticides, microplastics, and nanoparticles found to modulate many antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione system. So, to protect fish health from stress, the contribution of nano-technology or nano-formulations was researched. A decrease in fish nutritional quality and population significantly impacts on the human diet, influencing traditions and economics worldwide. On the other hand, traces of microplastics and pesticides in the habitat water can enter humans by consuming contaminated fish which may result in serious health hazards. This review summarizes the oxidative stress caused due to microplastics, pesticides and nano-particle contamination or exposure in fish habitat water and their impact on human health. As a rescue mechanism, the use of nano-technology in the management of fish health and disease was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayadharshini Subaramaniyam
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Rethi Saliya Allimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Shanu Vappu
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Divya Ramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ranjini Balan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Niranjan Panda
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prasana Kumar Rath
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Nirmaladevi Ramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Nogueira AF, Nunes B. Cholinesterase characterization and effects of the environmental contaminants chlorpyrifos and carbofuran on two species of marine crabs, Carcinus maenas and Pachygrapsus marmoratus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14681-14693. [PMID: 33216299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Among the most frequent targets for toxic effects of modern pesticides, namely organophosphates and carbamates, one may find cholinesterases (ChEs). ChEs exist in a wide variety of animals and have been used actively to discriminate among the environmental effects of different pollutant groups, including the aforementioned pesticides. This study had three purposes, namely (i) identifying the ChE forms present in tissues (eyes and walking legs muscle) of two crab species, Carcinus maenas and Pachygrapsus marmoratus; to (ii) determine the in vitro toxicological effects, and (iii) compare the sensitivity of such enzymatic forms towards commonly used anti-ChE pesticides, namely the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the carbamate carbofuran. Our results showed that there was not a clear preference for any of the tested substrates in any of the tissues from both species. Furthermore, the ChE activity was almost completely suppressed following incubation with eserine and with the specific inhibitor BW284C51 in all tissues from both species. In vitro exposure to chlorpyrifos promoted a significant decrease in ChE activity in both species. Furthermore, the ChE activity was completely suppressed following incubation with carbofuran and chlorpyrifos. These results suggest that the major ChE forms present in tissues of both crab species show intermediate structural properties and activity patterns, halfway between classic acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterases. However, the sensitivity of the found forms towards ChE inhibitors was established, and the responsiveness of such forms towards common anti-ChE chemicals was established. Both tested species seem to be promising test organisms to be used in marine and coastal scenarios of putative contaminations by anti-ChE chemicals, considering the here reported patterns of response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipa Nogueira
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Marins AT, Cerezer C, Leitemperger JW, Severo ES, Costa MD, Fontoura DO, Nunes MEM, Ribeiro LC, Zanella R, Loro VL. A mixture of pesticides at environmental concentrations induces oxidative stress and cholinergic effects in the neotropical fish Rhamdia quelen. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:164-174. [PMID: 33196985 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The insecticides imidacloprid (IMI), a neonicotinoid, and propoxur (PRO), an N-methylcarbamate compound, are pesticides widely used throughout the world. Although they are not used together to combat pests, both are often found in freshwater near agricultural areas. Thereby, the goal of this study was to evaluate the additive effects of IMI and PRO mixtures at environmental concentrations in relation to isolated compounds on Rhamdia quelen, a neotropical fish. The fish was exposed to IMI (0.11 µg/L), PRO (0.039 µg/L), or Mix (0.11 µg/L IMI plus 0.039 µg/L PRO) during 96 h. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were determined. To verify oxidative damage thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PC), reactive oxygen species contents (ROS), antioxidant capacity against peroxides (ACAP) were determined in gills, liver, brain and muscle. The results shows that a mixture of these pesticides at environmental concentrations inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain and induced oxidative damage in all analyzed tissues. These results reinforce the hypothesis that mixture of contaminants present in environment could induce additive or synergistic effects on fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Teixeira Marins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cerezer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jossiele Wesz Leitemperger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, LABTAQ, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Stringini Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maiara Dorneles Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, LABTAQ, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Danielle Ortiz Fontoura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, LABTAQ, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mauro Eugenio Medina Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, LABTAQ, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lucila Cendon Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Análise de Resíduos de Pesticidas, LARP, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análise de Resíduos de Pesticidas, LARP, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, LABTAQ, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Gonçalves C, Marins AT, do Amaral AMB, Nunes MEM, Müller TE, Severo E, Feijó A, Rodrigues CCR, Zanella R, Prestes OD, Clasen B, Loro VL. Ecological impacts of pesticides on Astyanax jacuhiensis (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Uruguay river, Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111314. [PMID: 32956866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Brazilian freshwater ecosystems are continuously exposed to pesticides and domestic sewage. The Uruguay River was chosen for this study because of its international importance, as it flows through Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. It receives contaminants such as pesticides and domestic residues. Thus, the aim of this study to assess the accumulation of pesticides in muscle of the fish Astyanax jacuhiensis, its biochemical responses, and the presence of pesticides in water. In total, seven pesticides were registered in water from both river sites. Eight pesticides were detected in fish muscle. The biochemical responses showed that brain lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) in A. jacuhiensis were higher in the summer. Muscle showed the highest LPO levels in the spring and the highest PC in the summer. Liver LPO and PC levels were higher in the spring and summer. In the gills, the PC was higher in the spring and the LPO in the spring and winter. In the brain and in the gills, glutathione-S-transferase activity was high in the summer and autumn. Catalase activity was lower during the winter and spring. Non-protein thiol (NPSH) levels were lower in the brain in the winter and spring. Muscle tissue showed lower NPSH in the winter (site 1). Liver NPSH showed increased levels in liver in the spring and winter (site 2). The biochemical results clearly is related to pesticides and/or to the presence of other contaminants in the water such as metals or domestic sewage. The accumulation of pesticides in fish muscle added evidence that pesticides have been used in the area surrounding the Uruguay River. In conclusion, the biomarkers assayed in the present study could be used in future investigations considering other sampling sites along Uruguay River.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Talise Ellwanger Müller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil
| | - Adriane Feijó
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil
| | - Cíntia C R Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Departmento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 98600-000, Três Passos, RS, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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5
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Bergmann FB, do Amaral AMB, Volcan MV, Leitemperger JW, Zanella R, Prestes OD, Clasen B, Guadagnin DL, Loro VL. Organic and conventional agriculture: Conventional rice farming causes biochemical changes in Astyanax lacustris. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140820. [PMID: 32711309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
World food production is directly related to human population growth. Chemicals are constantly applied to pest control in crops to increase productivity. Therefore, sustainable alternatives are needed to reduce environmental impacts. The biochemical responses in liver and muscle of Astyanax lacustris collected in different rice planting systems were analysed. Ten fish were collected in organic rice cultivation systems and conventional as well as water and sediment for pesticide analysis. In water from conventional system, bentazon (56.1 μg L-1), fipronil (0.226 μg L-1) and propoxur (0.141 μg L-1) were found, while azoxystrobin and quinclorac were below the limit of quantification (LOQ). There were no pesticides in the sediment from the conventional system. In the water of the organic system, only propoxur (below the LOQ) was registered. Metalaxil (0.025 μg kg-1) were verified in the sediment, while diphenoconazole, dinoxifene and tebuconazole were below the LOQ. The presence of these pesticides in crops with an organic production system may be related to proximity to crops to conventional production systems. Besides this, the amount is very low as compared with conventional system. Muscle glycogen, protein and amino acid levels were higher in fish collected in organic ponds. Lactate and ammonia levels were higher in conventional cultures. Lipids and proteins had greater oxidative damage in both tissues in the conventional system. Although pesticides were detected in organic sediments, the parameters of metabolic and oxidative damage were probably related by exposure to higher concentrations of pesticide in the water or by the lower oxygen content of conventional systems. However, fish mortality was not observed during collections. Despite being an anthropic environment, areas of organic cultivation seem to present better conditions for the survival of A. lacustris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Borba Bergmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Monique Blank do Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus Vieira Volcan
- Instituto Pró-Pampa (IPPampa), Laboratório de Ictiologia, Rua Uruguai, 1242, Bairro Centro, CEP 96010-630 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jossiele Wesz Leitemperger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Rio grande do Sul, Rua Cipriano Barata, 211, CEP 98600-000, Três Passos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Demetrio Luis Guadagnin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Setor 4, Prédio 43411, Sala 218, Caixa Postal 15007, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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6
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Bisognin RP, Wolff DB, Carissimi E, Prestes OD, Zanella R, Storck TR, Clasen B. Potential environmental toxicity of sewage effluent with pharmaceuticals. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1315-1326. [PMID: 32797393 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sewage effluent effects on the biochemical parameters of Astyanax bimaculatus organs were investigateted. Treated sewage was collected in a treatment plant; 43 compounds, among them, pharmaceuticals and hormones, were investigated. Caffeine, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, ofloxacin, oxytetracycline, paracetamol, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazole and tylosin waste was detected in the collected material. Fish were divided into four groups: control, TSE (treated sewage effluent), TSE + P (TSE with increased concentration of five pharmaceuticals) and PTSE (TSE + P post-treated with O3/H2O2/UV). Biochemical parameters were evaluated in different organs after 14-day exposure. TBARS levels increased significantly in the brain of animals in the TSE and TSE + P groups in comparison to the control. There was significant reduction in TBARS levels recorded for the liver, muscle and gills of animals in the PTSE group in comparison to those of animals in the other groups. AChE activity reduced in the muscle of animals in the groups showing the highest pharmaceutical concentrations. CAT activity in the liver of animals in groups exposed to pharmaceutical effluent was inhibited. GST activity increased in brain of animals in the TSE + P and PTSE groups, whereas reduced levels of this activity were observed in liver of animals in the TSE group. Increased GST activity was observed in the brain of animals in TSE + P and PTSE groups. Based on integrated biomarker response values, the TSE + P group presented greater changes in the analyzed parameters. Results point out that pharmaceutical waste can cause oxidative stress, as well as affect biochemical and enzymatic parameters in Astyanax sp. Post-treatment can also reduce damages caused to fish, even in case of the likely formation of metabolites. Based on these results, these metabolites can be less toxic than the original compounds; however, they were not able to fully degrade the pharmaceutical waste found in the sewage, which can interfere in fish metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Pereira Bisognin
- State University of Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS), Três Passos, St. Cipriano Barata, num. 211, Três Passos, RS, 98600-000, Brazil
| | - Delmira Beatriz Wolff
- Pós-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering (PPGEC), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Elvis Carissimi
- Pós-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering (PPGEC), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- LARP-Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis, UFSM, Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- LARP-Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis, UFSM, Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Rosso Storck
- Pós-Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- State University of Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS), Três Passos, St. Cipriano Barata, num. 211, Três Passos, RS, 98600-000, Brazil.
- Pós-Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb), Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, num. 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Blank do Amaral AM, Kuhn de Moura L, de Pellegrin D, Guerra LJ, Cerezer FO, Saibt N, Prestes OD, Zanella R, Loro VL, Clasen B. Seasonal factors driving biochemical biomarkers in two fish species from a subtropical reservoir in southern Brazil: An integrated approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115168. [PMID: 32693306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs are lentic man-made waterbodies resulting from river damming processes. Pollutants coming from adjacent areas can accumulate in the water and sediment of these modified freshwater environments. Fish are often found in reservoirs occupying several trophic niches. Biochemical biomarkers are early warning signals of environmental disturbance to an organism. It is essential to understand how pollutants, abiotic variables and biochemical biomarker responses behave throughout the seasons to implement biomonitoring programs. Loricariichthys anus and Geophagus brasiliensis were collected, and abiotic variables were seasonally measured for one year, at six sampling sites in Passo Real reservoir, in a subtropical region of Southern Brazil. Biochemical biomarkers were analyzed in four tissues of both fish species, as well as metal and pesticide concentrations in the reservoir's water and sediment. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out to find the temporal relationship between biomarkers and environmental variables. RDA has clearly shown the separation of seasons for both species. Azoxystrobin, simazine and propoxur were the pesticides mostly contributing to the variation, whereas metals had lesser contribution to it. Seasonality appears to be the main factor explaining biomarkers' variability. PERMANOVA has confirmed the effect of temperature and dissolved oxygen on biomarkers of both fish species. Thus, it is hard to differentiate if the fluctuation in biomarkers' responses only reflects the normal state of organisms or it is a biological consequence from negative effects of fish exposure to several types of pollution (sewage, pesticides, and fertilizers) entering this aquatic system. In this study, to circumvent the seasonality issue on biomonitoring, the analysis of biomarkers on these fish should not be carried out in organs directly affected by temperature (such as liver and gills), or during reproduction periods (mainly in Spring).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Monique Blank do Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Kuhn de Moura
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Dionatan de Pellegrin
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Joner Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Osmari Cerezer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Nathália Saibt
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil; Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Porto Alegre, 90010-191, RS, Brazil.
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8
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Marins AT, Severo ES, Leitemperger JW, Cerezer C, Muller TE, Costa MD, Weimer GH, Bandeira NMG, Prestes OD, Zanella R, Loro VL. Assessment of River Water Quality in an Agricultural Region of Brazil Using Biomarkers in a Native Neotropical Fish, Astyanax spp. (Characidae). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:575-581. [PMID: 32166333 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intensive agricultural and livestock activities demand high pesticide use and, consequently, contaminants reach aquatic ecosystems. In the lower Jacuí River, southern Brazil, there is a lack of knowledge about pesticide residues in water samples and the biochemical responses in native fish species. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the influence of pesticide residues and water parameters to biomarker responses in the native fish Astyanax spp. We performed seasonal biomonitoring in 2017 with water samples and fish collections. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidants, biotransformation, and neurotoxicity were analyzed in fish tissues. Fourteen pesticide residues were detected; they presented correlations with detoxification enzyme and oxidative stress biomarkers. These data indicate that most of variations can be related to the pesticide presence in water indicating high aquatic pollution in this place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Teixeira Marins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Stringini Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jossiele Wesz Leitemperger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cerezer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Talise Elwanger Muller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maiara Dorneles Costa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Weimer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática (Labtaq), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Guarda PM, Pontes AMS, S. Domiciano R, S. Gualberto L, B. Mendes D, A. Guarda E, Silva JEC. Determination of Carbamates and Thiocarbamates in Water, Soil and Sediment of the Formoso River, TO, Brazil. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900717. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M. Guarda
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - Antonina M. S. Pontes
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - Raquel S. Domiciano
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - Larissa S. Gualberto
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - Danylo B. Mendes
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - Emerson A. Guarda
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
| | - José E. C. Silva
- Environmental Chemistry and Biofuels LaboratoryFederal University of Tocantins 77001-090 Palmas, TO Brazil
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Pereira BVR, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Costa MJ, Dos Santos ACA, do Carmo JB, Nunes B. Cholinesterases characterization of three tropical fish species, and their sensitivity towards specific contaminants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:482-493. [PMID: 30802737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cholinesterases are frequent targets for toxic effects, namely by insecticides derived from phosphoric and carbamic acids. This effects allows the use of cholinesterase inhibition as a biomarker for contamination of aquatic environments by these specific chemical agents. However, cholinesterases are differently responsive to environmental contaminants, according to their different forms and locations. In addition, cholinesterases seem also to be inhibited by metals, so their use as an environmental criterion requires the prior characterization of their specific forms in each species and tissues, and the study of their sensitivity. The objective of this study was to characterize the cholinesterase isoenzymes present in the brain and dorsal muscle of three tropical fish species, namely Phalloceros harpagos (Lucinda, 2008), Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) and Astyanax altiparanae (Garutti and Britski, 2000). In vitro assays were conducted to quantify the effect of pesticides (dimethoate and carbaryl) and metals (lead and copper) on cholinesterases activity. Although acetylcholinesterase seems to be the most prevalent and abundant form, as commonly described in vertebrates, the here-obtained results showed that three cholinesterase isoenzymes occur in tissues of the three fish species. In addition, the pesticide carbaryl caused a stronger inhibition than dimethoate. Copper caused a significantly higher cholinesterasic inhibition than lead, which is also in line with most results concerning the anticholinesterasic effects by these metals. The here obtained results allowed to conclude that acetylcholinesterase is the predominant form in all tissues from the three analyzed species. In addition, cholinesterases of these three fish were responsive to common environmental contaminants, namely metals and pesticides, similarly to what was already described for fish of temperate areas. This allows using the here proposed fish species in environmental studies for the assessment of the presence of neurotoxicants under neotropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz V R Pereira
- Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine C M Silva-Zacarin
- Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica Jones Costa
- Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Janaina Braga do Carmo
- Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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