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Shimamura T, Takeo Y, Moriya F, Kimura T, Shimura M, Senba Y, Kishimoto H, Ohashi H, Shimba K, Jimbo Y, Mimura H. Ultracompact mirror device for forming 20-nm achromatic soft-X-ray focus toward multimodal and multicolor nanoanalyses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:665. [PMID: 38326328 PMCID: PMC10850520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale soft-X-ray microscopy is a powerful analysis tool in biological, chemical, and physical sciences. To enhance its probe sensitivity and leverage multimodal soft-X-ray microscopy, precise achromatic focusing devices, which are challenging to fabricate, are essential. Here, we develop an ultracompact Kirkpatrick-Baez (ucKB) mirror, which is ideal for the high-performance nanofocusing of broadband-energy X-rays. We apply our advanced fabrication techniques and short-focal-length strategy to realize diffraction-limited focusing over the entire soft-X-ray range. We achieve a focus size of 20.4 nm at 2 keV, which represents a significant improvement in achromatic soft-X-ray focusing. The ucKB mirror extends soft-X-ray fluorescence microscopy by producing a bicolor nanoprobe with a 1- or 2-keV photon energy. We propose a subcellular chemical mapping method that allows a comprehensive analysis of specimen morphology and the distribution of light elements and metal elements. ucKB mirrors will improve soft-X-ray nanoanalyses by facilitating photon-hungry, multimodal, and polychromatic methods, even with table-top X-ray sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Shimamura
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
| | - Yoko Takeo
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Fumika Moriya
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Mari Shimura
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Refractory Viral Infection, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yasunori Senba
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kishimoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Ohashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kenta Shimba
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Jimbo
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Mimura
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan.
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Schiroli D, Marraccini C, Zanetti E, Ragazzi M, Gianoncelli A, Quartieri E, Gasparini E, Iotti S, Baricchi R, Merolle L. Imbalance of Mg Homeostasis as a Potential Biomarker in Colon Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040727. [PMID: 33923883 PMCID: PMC8073761 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidences support a correlation between magnesium (Mg) homeostasis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the role of Mg and its transporters as diagnostic markers in CRC is still a matter of debate. In this study we combined X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy and databases information to investigate the possible correlation between Mg imbalance and CRC. METHODS CRC tissue samples and their non-tumoural counterpart from four patients were collected and analysed for total Mg level and distribution by X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy. We also reviewed the scientific literature and the main tissue expression databases to collect data on Mg transporters expression in CRC. RESULTS We found a significantly higher content of total Mg in CRC samples when compared to non-tumoural tissues. Mg distribution was also impaired in CRC. Conversely, we evidenced an uncertain correlation between Mg transporters expression and colon malignancies. DISCUSSION Although further studies are necessary to determine the correlation between different cancer types and stages, this is the first report proposing the measurement of Mg tissue localisation as a marker in CRC. This study represents thus a proof-of-concept that paves the way for the design of a larger prospective investigation of Mg in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Schiroli
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0522-295057
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.R.)
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.Z.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Eleonora Quartieri
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisa Gasparini
- Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano Iotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baricchi
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Merolle
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.S.); (E.Q.); (R.B.); (L.M.)
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Nano-imaging trace elements at organelle levels in substantia nigra overexpressing α-synuclein to model Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2020; 3:364. [PMID: 32647232 PMCID: PMC7347932 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-cellular trace element quantifications of nano-heterogeneities in brain tissues offer unprecedented ways to explore at elemental level the interplay between cellular compartments in neurodegenerative pathologies. We designed a quasi-correlative method for analytical nanoimaging of the substantia nigra, based on transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. It combines ultrastructural identifications of cellular compartments and trace element nanoimaging near detection limits, for increased signal-to-noise ratios. Elemental composition of different organelles is compared to cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments in dopaminergic neurons of rat substantia nigra. They exhibit 150–460 ppm of Fe, with P/Zn/Fe-rich nucleoli in a P/S-depleted nuclear matrix and Ca-rich rough endoplasmic reticula. Cytoplasm analysis displays sub-micron Fe/S-rich granules, including lipofuscin. Following AAV-mediated overexpression of α-synuclein protein associated with Parkinson’s disease, these granules shift towards higher Fe concentrations. This effect advocates for metal (Fe) dyshomeostasis in discrete cytoplasmic regions, illustrating the use of this method to explore neuronal dysfunction in brain diseases. Lemelle et al. describe the use of TEM and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence for quasi-correlative nanoimaging and sub-cellular trace element quantification of rat brain tissue. They further observe elemental (iron and sulfur) dyshomeostasis in cytoplasmic granules when overexpressing α-synuclein protein associated with Parkinson’s disease, demonstrating the usefulness of this method to further explore dysfunctions at organelle levels in brain diseases.
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Abstract
X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) scanning is a widespread technique of high importance and impact since it provides chemical composition maps crucial for several scientific investigations. There are continuous requirements for larger, faster and highly resolved acquisitions in order to study complex structures. Among the scientific applications that benefit from it, some of them, such as wide scale brain imaging, are prohibitively difficult due to time constraints. However, typically the overall XRF imaging performance is improving through technological progress on XRF detectors and X-ray sources. This paper suggests an additional approach where XRF scanning is performed in a sparse way by skipping specific points or by varying dynamically acquisition time or other scan settings in a conditional manner. This paves the way for Compressive Sensing in XRF scans where data are acquired in a reduced manner allowing for challenging experiments, currently not feasible with the traditional scanning strategies. A series of different compressive sensing strategies for dynamic scans are presented here. A proof of principle experiment was performed at the TwinMic beamline of Elettra synchrotron. The outcome demonstrates the potential of Compressive Sensing for dynamic scans, suggesting its use in challenging scientific experiments while proposing a technical solution for beamline acquisition software.
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5
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Carmona A, Roudeau S, Perrin L, Carcenac C, Vantelon D, Savasta M, Ortega R. Mapping Chemical Elements and Iron Oxidation States in the Substantia Nigra of 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesioned Rats Using Correlative Immunohistochemistry With Proton and Synchrotron Micro-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1014. [PMID: 31680798 PMCID: PMC6798047 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metal homeostasis is altered in neurodegenerative diseases and the concentration, the localization and/or the chemical speciation of the elements can be modified compared to healthy individuals. These changes are often specific to the brain region affected by the neurodegenerative process. For example, iron concentration is increased in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease patients and iron redox reactions might be involved in the pathogenesis. The identification of the molecular basis behind metal dyshomeostasis in specific brain regions is the subject of intensive research and chemical element imaging methods are particularly useful to address this issue. Among the imaging modalities available, Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) and particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) using focused micro-beams can inform about the quantitative distribution of metals in specific brain regions. Micro-X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) can in addition identify the chemical species of the elements, in particular their oxidation state. However, in order to bring accurate information about metal changes in specific brain areas, these chemical imaging methods must be correlated to brain tissue histology. We present a methodology to perform chemical element quantitative mapping and speciation on well-identified brain regions using correlative immunohistochemistry. We applied this methodology to the study of an animal model of Parkinson's disease, the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rat. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical staining enabled to identify the SN pars compacta (SNpc) and pars reticulata (SNpr) as well as the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Using PIXE we found that iron content was higher respectively in the SNpr > SNpc > VTA, but was not statistically significantly modified by 6-OHDA treatment. In addition, micro-SXRF revealed the higher manganese content in the SNpc compared to the SNpr. Using micro-XANES we identified Fe oxidation states in the SNpr and SNpc showing a spectral similarity comparable to ferritin for all brain regions and exposure conditions. This study illustrates the capability to correlate immunohistochemistry and chemical element imaging at the brain region level and this protocol can now be widely applied to other studies of metal dyshomeostasis in neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Carmona
- UMR 5797, Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France.,UMR 5797, CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, Gradignan, France
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- UMR 5797, Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France.,UMR 5797, CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, Gradignan, France
| | - Laura Perrin
- UMR 5797, Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France.,UMR 5797, CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, Gradignan, France
| | - Carole Carcenac
- INSERM U1216, Physiopathologie de la Motivation, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Marc Savasta
- INSERM U1216, Physiopathologie de la Motivation, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Richard Ortega
- UMR 5797, Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, Gradignan, France.,UMR 5797, CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, Gradignan, France
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6
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Schmidt K, Bari B, Ralle M, Washington-Hughes C, Muchenditsi A, Maxey E, Lutsenko S. Localization of the Locus Coeruleus in the Mouse Brain. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 30907876 DOI: 10.3791/58652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is a major hub of norepinephrine producing neurons that modulate a number of physiological functions. Structural or functional abnormalities of LC impact several brain regions including cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum and may contribute to depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, as well as Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. These disorders are often associated with metal misbalance, but the role of metals in LC is only partially understood. Morphologic and functional studies of LC are needed to better understand the human pathologies and contribution of metals. Mice are a widely used experimental model, but the mouse LC is small (~0.3 mm diameter) and hard to identify for a non-expert. Here, we describe a step-by-step immunohistochemistry-based protocol to localize the LC in the mouse brain. Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), and alternatively, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), both enzymes highly expressed in the LC, are used as immunohistochemical markers in brain slices. Sections adjacent to LC-containing sections can be used for further analysis, including histology for morphological studies, metabolic testing, as well as metal imaging by X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schmidt
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine;
| | - Bilal Bari
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University
| | | | | | | | - Evan Maxey
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine
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7
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Grochowski C, Blicharska E, Krukow P, Jonak K, Maciejewski M, Szczepanek D, Jonak K, Flieger J, Maciejewski R. Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels. Front Chem 2019; 7:115. [PMID: 30891444 PMCID: PMC6411644 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace elements play a crucial role in many biochemical processes, mainly as components of vitamins and enzymes. Although small amounts of metal ions have protective properties, excess metal levels result in oxidative injury, which is why metal ion homeostasis is crucial for the proper functioning of the brain. The changes of their level in the brain have been proven to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, it is currently an important application of various analytical methods. This review covers the most important of them: inductively coupled ground mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flame-induced atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), optical emission spectrometry with excitation in inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and neutron activation analysis (NAA). Additionally, we present a summary of concentration values found by different research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Grochowski
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Krukow
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamil Jonak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejewski
- Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szczepanek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jonak
- Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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8
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Gong J, Li YH, Zhang CJ, Huang J, Sun Q. A thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-based fluorescent probe for detection of zinc ions and application for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. Talanta 2018; 185:396-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Klaren WD, Vine D, Vogt S, Robertson LW. Spatial distribution of metals within the liver acinus and their perturbation by PCB126. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16427-16433. [PMID: 28940161 PMCID: PMC5866157 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies show that exposure to the environmental pollutant 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) causes alterations in hepatic metals as measured in acid-digested volume-adjusted tissue. These studies lack the detail of the spatial distribution within the liver. Here we use X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) to assess the spatial distribution of trace elements within liver tissue. Liver samples from male Sprague Dawley rats, treated either with vehicle or PCB126, were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. Serial sections were prepared for traditional H&E staining or placed on silicon nitride windows for XFM. With XFM, metal gradients between the portal triad and the central vein were seen, especially with copper and iron. These gradients change with exposure to PCB126, even reverse. This is the first report of how micronutrients vary spatially within the liver and how they change in response to toxicant exposure. In addition, high concentrations of zinc clusters were discovered in the extracellular space. PCB126 treatment did not affect their presence, but did alter their elemental makeup suggesting a more general biological function. Further work is needed to properly evaluate the gradients and their alterations as well as classify the zinc clusters to determine their role in liver function and zinc homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Klaren
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - David Vine
- Microscopy and X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Microscopy and X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, 100 Oakdale Campus #219 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA.
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10
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New EJ, Wimmer VC, Hare DJ. Promises and Pitfalls of Metal Imaging in Biology. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:7-18. [PMID: 29153850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A picture may speak a thousand words, but if those words fail to form a coherent sentence there is little to be learned. As cutting-edge imaging technology now provides us the tools to decipher the multitude of roles played by metals and metalloids in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology, as well as health and disease, it is time to reflect on the advances made in imaging, the limitations discovered, and the future of a burgeoning field. In this Perspective, the current state of the art is discussed from a self-imposed contrarian position, as we not only highlight the major advances made over the years but use them as teachable moments to zoom in on challenges that remain to be overcome. We also describe the steps being taken toward being able to paint a completely undisturbed picture of cellular metal metabolism, which is, metaphorically speaking, the Holy Grail of the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Verena C Wimmer
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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11
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Bourassa D, Gleber SC, Vogt S, Shin CH, Fahrni CJ. MicroXRF tomographic visualization of zinc and iron in the zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. Metallomics 2017; 8:1122-1130. [PMID: 27531414 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals such as zinc, copper, and iron play key roles in cellular proliferation, cell differentiation, growth, and development. Over the past decade, advances in synchrotron X-ray fluorescence instrumentation presented new opportunities for the three-dimensional mapping of trace metal distributions within intact specimens. Taking advantage of microXRF tomography, we visualized the 3D distribution of zinc and iron in a zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. The reconstructed volumetric data revealed distinct differences in the elemental distributions, with zinc predominantly localized to the yolk and yolk extension, and iron to various regions of the brain as well as the myotome extending along the dorsal side of the embryo. The data set complements an earlier tomographic study of an embryo at the pharyngula stage (24 hpf), thus offering new insights into the trace metal distribution at key stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Bourassa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Sophie-Charlotte Gleber
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Shin
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Christoph J Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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12
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Jones MWM, Hare DJ, James SA, de Jonge MD, McColl G. Radiation Dose Limits for Bioanalytical X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12168-12175. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. M. Jones
- Australian Synchrotron, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, La Trobe Intitute
of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Simon A. James
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Martin D. de Jonge
- Australian Synchrotron, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Gawain McColl
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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13
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Carboni E, Nicolas JD, Töpperwien M, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Lingor P, Salditt T. Imaging of neuronal tissues by x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence microscopy: evaluation of contrast and biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4331-4347. [PMID: 29082068 PMCID: PMC5654783 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We have used scanning X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) with micro-focused synchrotron radiation to study histological sections from human substantia nigra (SN). Both XRF and XRD mappings visualize tissue properties, which are inaccessible by conventional microscopy and histology. We propose to use these advanced tools to characterize neuronal tissue in neurodegeneration, in particular in Parkinson's disease (PD). To this end, we take advantage of the recent experimental progress in x-ray focusing, detection, and use automated data analysis scripts to enable quantitative analysis of large field of views. XRD signals are recorded and analyzed both in the regime of small-angle (SAXS) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS). The SAXS signal was analyzed in view of the local myelin structure, while WAXS was used to identify crystalline deposits. PD tissue scans exhibited increased amounts of crystallized cholesterol. The XRF analysis showed increased amounts of iron and decreased amounts of copper in the PD tissue compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Carboni
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen,
Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jan-David Nicolas
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Mareike Töpperwien
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | | | - Paul Lingor
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen,
Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
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14
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Ackerman CM, Lee S, Chang CJ. Analytical Methods for Imaging Metals in Biology: From Transition Metal Metabolism to Transition Metal Signaling. Anal Chem 2017; 89:22-41. [PMID: 27976855 PMCID: PMC5827935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheri M. Ackerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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15
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Jones MWM, Elgass KD, Junker MD, de Jonge MD, van Riessen GA. Molar concentration from sequential 2-D water-window X-ray ptychography and X-ray fluorescence in hydrated cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24280. [PMID: 27067957 PMCID: PMC4828672 DOI: 10.1038/srep24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in biological X-ray microscopy have allowed structural information and elemental distribution to be simultaneously obtained by combining X-ray ptychography and X-ray fluorescence microscopy. Experimentally, these methods can be performed simultaneously; however, the optimal conditions for each measurement may not be compatible. Here, we combine two distinct measurements of ultrastructure and elemental distribution, with each measurement performed under optimised conditions. By combining optimised ptychography and fluorescence information we are able to determine molar concentrations from two-dimensional images, allowing an investigation into the interactions between the environment sensing filopodia in fibroblasts and extracellular calcium. Furthermore, the biological ptychography results we present illustrate a point of maturity where the technique can be applied to solve significant problems in structural biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W M Jones
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, 3168, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Australia
| | - K D Elgass
- Monash Micro Imaging, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, 3168, Australia
| | - M D Junker
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - M D de Jonge
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, 3168, Australia
| | - G A van Riessen
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia
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16
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Ceko MJ, O'Leary S, Harris HH, Hummitzsch K, Rodgers RJ. Trace Elements in Ovaries: Measurement and Physiology1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:86. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.137240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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17
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Rezende KM, Bönecker M, Perez CA, Mantesso A. Synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-fluorescence: Protocol to study mesenchymal stem cells. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:149-54. [PMID: 26749077 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The micro-X-ray fluorescence by synchrotron radiation (μ-XRF) is a method to determine the composition of tissues without destroying the samples. However, this technique has never been used for the analysis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). This study compared different protocols for fixing, storing, preserving, and establishing the correct numbers of dental derived MSC submitted to μ-XRF analysis. Stem cells were obtained from human dental tissue. After cell expansion, and MACS isolation, the samples were fixed and the following quantities of cells 1 × 10(4) to 1 × 10(7) were divided in two groups: G1: fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde diluted in phosphate-buffered saline solution, and G2: fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde diluted in MilliQ water. The G1 cells showed precipitation of chemical components from the solution resulting in the formation of salt crystals while G2 cells were clear and almost transparent in the sample holder. With regards to cells concentration, the best results occurred when four droplets of 1 × 10(7) cells were analyzed. This work shows that to identify and study the distribution of trace elements in MSC by μ-XRF, the best protocol is fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde diluted with MilliQ water at 4°C and a concentration of four incremental droplets of 1 × 10(7) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Mayra Rezende
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bönecker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Mantesso
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Luan B, Friedrich T, Zhai J, Streltsov VA, Lindsey BW, Kaslin J, de Jonge MD, Zhu J, Hughes TC, Hao X. A library of AuNPs modified by RAFT polymers of different charge and chain length: high throughput synthesis and synchrotron XFM imaging using a zebrafish larvae model. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02801b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A PAuNPs library was constructed via high throughput methods and PAuNPs were visualized in PAuNPs injected zebrafish larvae by synchrotron XFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Luan
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Timo Friedrich
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | | | | | | | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | | | - Jin Zhu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
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19
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Ganio K, James SA, Hare DJ, Roberts BR, McColl G. Accurate biometal quantification per individual Caenorhabditis elegans. Analyst 2016; 141:1434-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of complementary methods to quantify biometals per individual for analytical biochemical studies using microscopic model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Ganio
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Simon A. James
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility
| | - Blaine R. Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Gawain McColl
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
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20
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Behling CS, Andrade AS, Putti JS, Mahl CD, Hackenhaar FS, da Silva ACA, e Silva MNC, Salomon TB, dos Santos CEI, Dias JF, Benfato MS. Treatment of oxidative stress in brain of ovariectomized rats with omega-3 and lipoic acid. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2547-55. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camile S. Behling
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexey S. Andrade
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Jordana S. Putti
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Camila D. Mahl
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Fernanda S. Hackenhaar
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina A. da Silva
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mélany Natuane C. e Silva
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Tiago B. Salomon
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carla E. I. dos Santos
- Ion Implantation Laboratory; Institute of Physics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Johnny F. Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory; Institute of Physics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mara S. Benfato
- Department of Biophysics; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
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21
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Jones MWM, de Jonge MD, James SA, Burke R. Elemental mapping of the entire intact Drosophila gastrointestinal tract. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:979-87. [PMID: 26153547 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The main role of the animal gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the selective absorption of dietary nutrients from ingested food sources. One class of vital micronutrients are the essential biometals such as copper, zinc and iron, which participate in a plethora of biological process, acting as enzymatic or structural co-factors for numerous proteins and also as important cellular signalling molecules. To help elucidate the mechanisms by which biometals are absorbed from the diet, we mapped elemental distribution in entire, intact Drosophila larval GI tracts using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy. Our results revealed distinct regions of the GI tract enriched for specific metals. Copper was found to be concentrated in the copper cell region but also in the region directly anterior to the copper cells and unexpectedly, in the middle midgut/iron cell region as well. Iron was observed exclusively in the iron cell region, confirming previous work with iron-specific histological stains. Zinc was observed throughout the GI tract with an increased accumulation in the posterior midgut region, while manganese was seen to co-localize with calcium specifically in clusters in the distal Malpighian tubules. This work simultaneously reveals distribution of a number of biologically important elements in entire, intact GI tracts. These distributions revealed not only a previously undescribed Ca/Mn co-localization, but also the unexpected presence of additional Cu accumulations in the iron cell region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W M Jones
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, 3168, Australia
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22
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High-resolution elemental mapping of human placental chorionic villi using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6839-50. [PMID: 26138895 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The placenta is the organ that mediates transport of nutrients and waste materials between mother and fetus. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microanalysis is a tool for imaging the distribution and quantity of elements in biological tissue, which can be used to study metal transport across biological membranes. Our aims were to pilot placental biopsy specimen preparation techniques that could be integrated into an ongoing epidemiology birth cohort study without harming rates of sample acquisition. We studied the effects of fixative (formalin or glutaraldehyde) and storage duration (30 days or immediate processing) on metal distribution and abundance and investigated a thaw-fixation protocol for archived specimens stored at -80 °C. We measured fixative elemental composition with and without a placental biopsy via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify fixative-induced elemental changes. Formalin-fixed specimens showed hemolysis of erythrocytes. The glutaraldehyde-paraformaldehyde solution in HEPES buffer (GTA-HEPES) had superior anatomical preservation, avoided hemolysis, and minimized elemental loss, although some cross-linking of exogenous Zn was evident. Elemental loss from tissue stored in fixative for 1 month showed variable losses (≈40 % with GTA-HEPES), suggesting storage duration be controlled for. Thawing of tissue held at -80 °C in a GTA-HEPES solution provided high-quality visual images and elemental images.
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23
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Davies KM, Hare DJ, Bohic S, James SA, Billings JL, Finkelstein DI, Doble PA, Double KL. Comparative Study of Metal Quantification in Neurological Tissue Using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Imaging and X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6639-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Davies
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Elemental
Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Senator
Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department
of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Inserm,
U836,
Team 6, Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicales, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP220, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier 1, Grenoble Institut des
Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Simon A. James
- Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica L. Billings
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental
Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kay L. Double
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain
and Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 94-100 Mallett
Street,Camperdown, New South
Wales, Australia
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24
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Finney LA, Jin Q. Preparing adherent cells for X-ray fluorescence imaging by chemical fixation. J Vis Exp 2015:52370. [PMID: 25867691 PMCID: PMC4401319 DOI: 10.3791/52370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray fluorescence imaging allows us to non-destructively measure the spatial distribution and concentration of multiple elements simultaneously over large or small sample areas. It has been applied in many areas of science, including materials science, geoscience, studying works of cultural heritage, and in chemical biology. In the case of chemical biology, for example, visualizing the metal distributions within cells allows us to study both naturally-occurring metal ions in the cells, as well as exogenously-introduced metals such as drugs and nanoparticles. Due to the fully hydrated nature of nearly all biological samples, cryo-fixation followed by imaging under cryogenic temperature represents the ideal imaging modality currently available. However, under the circumstances that such a combination is not easily accessible or practical, aldehyde based chemical fixation remains useful and sometimes inevitable. This article describes in as much detail as possible in the preparation of adherent mammalian cells by chemical fixation for X-ray fluorescent imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia A Finney
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory;
| | - Qiaoling Jin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University
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25
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Azad MAK, Roberts KD, Yu HH, Liu B, Schofield AV, James SA, Howard DL, Nation RL, Rogers K, de Jonge MD, Thompson PE, Fu J, Velkov T, Li J. Significant accumulation of polymyxin in single renal tubular cells: a medicinal chemistry and triple correlative microscopy approach. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1590-5. [PMID: 25553489 PMCID: PMC4318625 DOI: 10.1021/ac504516k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Polymyxin is the last-line therapy
against Gram-negative ‘superbugs’;
however, dose-limiting nephrotoxicity can occur in up to 60% of patients
after intravenous administration. Understanding the accumulation and
concentration of polymyxin within renal tubular cells is essential
for the development of novel strategies to ameliorate its nephrotoxicity
and to develop safer, new polymyxins. We designed and synthesized
a novel dual-modality iodine-labeled fluorescent probe for quantitative
mapping of polymyxin in kidney proximal tubular cells. Measured by
synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy, polymyxin concentrations
in single rat (NRK-52E) and human (HK-2) kidney tubular cells were
approximately 1930- to 4760-fold higher than extracellular concentrations.
Our study is the first to quantitatively measure the significant uptake
of polymyxin in renal tubular cells and provides crucial information
for the understanding of polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity. Importantly,
our approach represents a significant methodological advancement in
determination of drug uptake for single-cell pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A K Azad
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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26
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Ceko MJ, Hummitzsch K, Hatzirodos N, Rodgers RJ, Harris HH. Quantitative elemental analysis of bovine ovarian follicles using X-ray fluorescence imaging. Metallomics 2015; 7:828-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00035a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Highlights how quantitative XRF can differentiate between biological structures in bovine ovaries on the basis of trace element distribution alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Ceko
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- SA 5005, Australia
| | - K. Hummitzsch
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
- Robinson Research Institute
- The University of Adelaide
- SA 5005, Australia
| | - N. Hatzirodos
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
- Robinson Research Institute
- The University of Adelaide
- SA 5005, Australia
| | - R. J. Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
- Robinson Research Institute
- The University of Adelaide
- SA 5005, Australia
| | - H. H. Harris
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- SA 5005, Australia
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27
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Calcium micro-depositions in jugular truncular venous malformations revealed by Synchrotron-based XRF imaging. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6540. [PMID: 25286775 PMCID: PMC4187013 DOI: 10.1038/srep06540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recently demonstrated that the internal jugular vein may exhibit abnormalities classified as truncular venous malformations (TVMs). The investigation of possible morphological and biochemical anomalies at jugular tissue level could help to better understand the link between brain venous drainage and neurodegenerative disorders, recently found associated with jugular TVMs. To this end we performed sequential X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses on jugular tissue samples from two TVM patients and two control subjects, using complementary energies at three different synchrotrons. This investigation, coupled with conventional histological analyses, revealed anomalous micro-formations in the pathological tissues and allowed the determination of their elemental composition. Rapid XRF analyses on large tissue areas at 12.74 keV showed an increased Ca presence in the pathological samples, mainly localized in tunica adventitia microvessels. Investigations at lower energy demonstrated that the high Ca level corresponded to micro-calcifications, also containing P and Mg. We suggest that advanced synchrotron XRF micro-spectroscopy is an important analytical tool in revealing biochemical changes, which cannot be accessed by conventional investigations. Further research on a larger number of samples is needed to understand the pathogenic significance of Ca micro-depositions detected on the intramural vessels of vein walls affected by TVMs.
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28
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House MJ, Fleming AJ, de Jonge MD, Paterson D, Howard DL, Carpenter JP, Pennell DJ, St Pierre TG. Mapping iron in human heart tissue with synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy and cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014; 16:80. [PMID: 25270330 PMCID: PMC4177424 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-014-0080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRI assessment of cardiac iron is particularly important for assessing transfusion-dependent anaemia patients. However, comparing the iron distribution from histology or bulk samples to MRI is not ideal. Non-destructive, high-resolution imaging of post-mortem samples offers the ability to examine iron distributions across large samples at resolutions closer to those used in MRI. The aim of this ex vivo case study was to compare synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) elemental iron maps with magnetic resonance transverse relaxation rate maps of cardiac tissue samples from an iron-loaded patient. METHODS Two 5 mm thick slices of formalin fixed cardiac tissue from a Diamond Blackfan anaemia patient were imaged in a 1.5 T MR scanner. R2 and R2* transverse relaxation rate maps were generated for both slices using RF pulse recalled spin echo and gradient echo acquisition sequences. The tissue samples were then imaged at the Australian Synchrotron on the X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy beamline using a focussed incident X-ray beam of 18.74 keV and the Maia 384 detector. The event data were analyzed to produce elemental iron maps (uncalibrated) at 25 to 60 microns image resolution. RESULTS The R2 and R2* maps and profiles for both samples showed very similar macro-scale spatial patterns compared to the XFM iron distribution. Iron appeared to preferentially load into the lateral epicardium wall and there was a strong gradient of decreasing iron, R2 and R2* from the epicardium to the endocardium in the lateral wall of the left ventricle and to a lesser extent in the septum. On co-registered images XFM iron was more strongly correlated to R2* (r = 0.86) than R2 (r = 0.79). There was a strong linear relationship between R2* and R2 (r = 0.87). CONCLUSIONS The close qualitative and quantitative agreement between the synchrotron XFM iron maps and MR relaxometry maps indicates that iron is a significant determinant of R2 and R2* in these ex vivo samples. The R2 and R2* maps of human heart tissue give information on the spatial distribution of tissue iron deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J House
- />School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia
| | - Adam J Fleming
- />School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia
| | | | | | | | - John-Paul Carpenter
- />NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- />Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Dudley J Pennell
- />NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- />Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Tim G St Pierre
- />School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia Australia
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29
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Pushie MJ, Pickering I, Korbas M, Hackett MJ, George GN. Elemental and chemically specific X-ray fluorescence imaging of biological systems. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8499-541. [PMID: 25102317 PMCID: PMC4160287 DOI: 10.1021/cr4007297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Jake Pushie
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Ingrid
J. Pickering
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology
Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Canadian
Light Source Inc., 44
Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University
of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular
and Environmental Sciences Research Group, Department of Geological
Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology
Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
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Alaverdashvili M, Hackett MJ, Pickering IJ, Paterson PG. Laminar-specific distribution of zinc: evidence for presence of layer IV in forelimb motor cortex in the rat. Neuroimage 2014; 103:502-510. [PMID: 25192655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rat is the most widely studied pre-clinical model system of various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders affecting hand function. Although brain injury to the forelimb region of the motor cortex in rats mostly induces behavioral abnormalities in motor control of hand movements, behavioral deficits in the sensory-motor domain are also observed. This questions the prevailing view that cortical layer IV, a recipient of sensory information from the thalamus, is absent in rat motor cortex. Because zinc-containing neurons are generally not found in pathways that run from the thalamus, an absence of zinc (Zn) in a cortical layer would be suggestive of sensory input from the thalamus. To test this hypothesis, we used synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence imaging to measure Zn distribution across cortical layers. Zn maps revealed a heterogeneous layered Zn distribution in primary and secondary motor cortices of the forelimb region in the adult rat. Two wider bands with elevated Zn content were separated by a narrow band having reduced Zn content, and this was evident in two rat strains. The Zn distribution pattern was comparable to that in sensorimotor cortex, which is known to contain a well demarcated layer IV. Juxtaposition of Zn maps and the images of brain stained for Nissl bodies revealed a "Zn valley" in primary motor cortex, apparently starting at the ventral border of pyramidal layer III and ending at the close vicinity of layer V. This finding indicates the presence of a conspicuous cortical layer between layers III and V, i.e. layer IV, the presence of which previously has been disputed. The results have implications for the use of rat models to investigate human brain function and neuropathology, such as after stroke. The presence of layer IV in the forelimb region of the motor cortex suggests that therapeutic interventions used in rat models of motor cortex injury should target functional abnormalities in both motor and sensory domains. The finding is also critical for future investigation of the biochemical mechanisms through which therapeutic interventions can enhance neural plasticity, particularly through Zn dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Alaverdashvili
- Neuroscience Research Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Mark J Hackett
- Neuroscience Research Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Phyllis G Paterson
- Neuroscience Research Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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Ugarte M, Grime GW, Lord G, Geraki K, Collingwood JF, Finnegan ME, Farnfield H, Merchant M, Bailey MJ, Ward NI, Foster PJ, Bishop PN, Osborne NN. Concentration of various trace elements in the rat retina and their distribution in different structures. Metallomics 2013; 4:1245-54. [PMID: 23093062 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the total amount of trace elements in retina from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6). Concentration of trace elements within individual retinal areas in frozen sections of the fellow eye was established with the use of two methodologies: (1) particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) in combination with 3D depth profiling with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and (2) synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microscopy. The most abundant metal in the retina was zinc, followed by iron and copper. Nickel, manganese, chromium, cobalt, selenium and cadmium were present in very small amounts. The PIXE and SXRF analysis yielded a non-homogenous pattern distribution of metals in the retina. Relatively high levels of zinc were found in the inner part of the photoreceptor inner segments (RIS)/outer limiting membrane (OLM), inner nuclear layer and plexiform layers. Iron was found to accumulate in the retinal pigment epithelium/choroid layer and RIS/OLM. Copper in turn, was localised primarily in the RIS/OLM and plexiform layers. The trace elements iron, copper, and zinc exist in different amounts and locations in the rat retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ugarte
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Vogt S, Ralle M. Opportunities in multidimensional trace metal imaging: taking copper-associated disease research to the next level. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:1809-20. [PMID: 23079951 PMCID: PMC3566297 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper plays an important role in numerous biological processes across all living systems predominantly because of its versatile redox behavior. Cellular copper homeostasis is tightly regulated and disturbances lead to severe disorders such as Wilson disease and Menkes disease. Age-related changes of copper metabolism have been implicated in other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease. The role of copper in these diseases has been a topic of mostly bioinorganic research efforts for more than a decade, metal-protein interactions have been characterized, and cellular copper pathways have been described. Despite these efforts, crucial aspects of how copper is associated with Alzheimer disease, for example, are still only poorly understood. To take metal-related disease research to the next level, emerging multidimensional imaging techniques are now revealing the copper metallome as the basis to better understand disease mechanisms. This review describes how recent advances in X-ray fluorescence microscopy and fluorescent copper probes have started to contribute to this field, specifically in Wilson disease and Alzheimer disease. It furthermore provides an overview of current developments and future applications in X-ray microscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vogt
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239
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James SA, de Jonge MD, Howard DL, Bush AI, Paterson D, McColl G. Direct in vivo imaging of essential bioinorganics in Caenorhabditis elegans. Metallomics 2013; 5:627-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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McRae R, Lai B, Fahrni CJ. Subcellular redistribution and mitotic inheritance of transition metals in proliferating mouse fibroblast cells. Metallomics 2013; 5:52-61. [PMID: 23212029 PMCID: PMC3769613 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20176c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy of non-synchronized NIH 3T3 fibroblasts revealed an intriguing redistribution dynamics that defines the inheritance of trace metals during mitosis. At metaphase, the highest density areas of Zn and Cu are localized in two distinct regions adjacent to the metaphase plate. As the sister chromatids are pulled towards the spindle poles during anaphase, Zn and Cu gradually move to the center and partition into the daughter cells to yield a pair of twin pools during cytokinesis. Colocalization analyses demonstrated high spatial correlations between Zn, Cu, and S throughout all mitotic stages, while Fe showed consistently different topographies characterized by high-density spots distributed across the entire cell. Whereas the total amount of Cu remained similar compared to interphase cells, mitotic Zn levels increased almost 3-fold, suggesting a prominent physiological role that lies beyond the requirement of Zn as a cofactor in metalloproteins or messenger in signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan McRae
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, U.S.A
| | - Christoph J. Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
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McColl G, James SA, Mayo S, Howard DL, Ryan CG, Kirkham R, Moorhead GF, Paterson D, de Jonge MD, Bush AI. Caenorhabditis elegans maintains highly compartmentalized cellular distribution of metals and steep concentration gradients of manganese. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32685. [PMID: 22393436 PMCID: PMC3290589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinorganic chemistry is critical to cellular function. Homeostasis of manganese (Mn), for example, is essential for life. A lack of methods for direct in situ visualization of Mn and other biological metals within intact multicellular eukaryotes limits our understanding of management of these metals. We provide the first quantitative subcellular visualization of endogenous Mn concentrations (spanning two orders of magnitude) associated with individual cells of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gawain McColl
- Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon A. James
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Australia
| | - Sheridan Mayo
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Christopher G. Ryan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Australia
| | - Robin Kirkham
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gareth F. Moorhead
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Australia
| | | | | | - Ashley I. Bush
- Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- * E-mail: (MDdJ); (AIB)
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Bohic S, Cotte M, Salomé M, Fayard B, Kuehbacher M, Cloetens P, Martinez-Criado G, Tucoulou R, Susini J. Biomedical applications of the ESRF synchrotron-based microspectroscopy platform. J Struct Biol 2012; 177:248-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Price KA, Hickey JL, Xiao Z, Wedd AG, James SA, Liddell JR, Crouch PJ, White AR, Donnelly PS. The challenges of using a copper fluorescent sensor (CS1) to track intracellular distributions of copper in neuronal and glial cells. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20397a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Cardoso SC, Stelling MP, Paulsen BS, Rehen SK. Synchrotron radiation X-ray microfluorescence reveals polarized distribution of atomic elements during differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29244. [PMID: 22195032 PMCID: PMC3241705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying pluripotency and differentiation in embryonic and reprogrammed stem cells are unclear. In this work, we characterized the pluripotent state towards neural differentiated state through analysis of trace elements distribution using the Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Naive and neural-stimulated embryoid bodies (EB) derived from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem (ES and iPS) cells were irradiated with a spatial resolution of 20 µm to make elemental maps and qualitative chemical analyses. Results show that these embryo-like aggregates exhibit self-organization at the atomic level. Metallic elements content rises and consistent elemental polarization pattern of P and S in both mouse and human pluripotent stem cells were observed, indicating that neural differentiation and elemental polarization are strongly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone C. Cardoso
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana P. Stelling
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna S. Paulsen
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stevens K. Rehen
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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