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Newmeyer MN, Lyu Q, Sobus JR, Williams AJ, Nachman KE, Prasse C. Combining Nontargeted Analysis with Computer-Based Hazard Comparison Approaches to Support Prioritization of Unregulated Organic Contaminants in Biosolids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12135-12146. [PMID: 38916220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Biosolids are a byproduct of wastewater treatment that can be beneficially applied to agricultural land as a fertilizer. While U.S. regulations limit metals and pathogens in biosolids intended for land applications, no organic contaminants are currently regulated. Novel techniques can aid in detection, evaluation, and prioritization of biosolid-associated organic contaminants (BOCs). For example, nontargeted analysis (NTA) can detect a broad range of chemicals, producing data sets representing thousands of measured analytes that can be combined with computational toxicological tools to support human and ecological hazard assessment and prioritization. We combined NTA with a computer-based tool from the U.S. EPA, the Cheminformatics Hazard Comparison Module (HCM), to identify and prioritize BOCs present in U.S. and Canadian biosolids (n = 16). Four-hundred fifty-one features were detected in at least 80% of samples, with identities of 92 compounds confirmed or assigned probable structures. These compounds were primarily categorized as endogenous compounds, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, and fragrances. Examples of top prioritized compounds were p-cresol and chlorophene, based on human health end points, and fludioxonil and triclocarban, based on ecological health end points. Combining NTA results with hazard comparison data allowed us to prioritize compounds to be included in future studies of the environmental fate and transport of BOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Newmeyer
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Qinfan Lyu
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jon R Sobus
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Antony J Williams
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Keeve E Nachman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Carsten Prasse
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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2
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Pietras PJ, Wasilewska-Burczyk A, Pepłowska K, Marczak Ł, Tyczewska A, Grzywacz K. Dynamic protein composition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomes in response to multiple stress conditions reflects alterations in translation activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:132004. [PMID: 38697435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Ribosomes, intercellular macromolecules responsible for translation in the cell, are composed of RNAs and proteins. While rRNA makes the scaffold of the ribosome and directs the catalytic steps of protein synthesis, ribosomal proteins play a role in the assembly of the subunits and are essential for the proper structure and function of the ribosome. To date researchers identified heterogeneous ribosomes in different developmental and growth stages. We hypothesized that under stress conditions the heterogeneity of the ribosomes may provide means to prepare the cells for quick recovery. Therefore the aim of the study was the identification of heterogeneity of ribosomal proteins within the ribosomes in response to eleven stress conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, by means of a liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and translation activity tests. Out of the total of 74 distinct ribosomal proteins identified in the study 14 small ribosomal subunit (RPS) and 8 large ribosomal subunit (RPL) proteins displayed statistically significant differential abundances within the ribosomes under stress. Additionally, significant alterations in the ratios of 7 ribosomal paralog proteins were observed. Accordingly, the translational activity of yeast ribosomes was altered after UV exposure, during sugar starvation, cold shock, high salt, anaerobic conditions, and amino acid starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr J Pietras
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Kamila Pepłowska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Tyczewska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamilla Grzywacz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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3
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Vosough M, Salemi A, Rockel S, Schmidt TC. Enhanced efficiency of MS/MS all-ion fragmentation for non-targeted analysis of trace contaminants in surface water using multivariate curve resolution and data fusion. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1165-1177. [PMID: 38206346 PMCID: PMC10850027 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Data-independent acquisition-all-ion fragmentation (DIA-AIF) mode of mass spectrometry can facilitate wide-scope non-target analysis of contaminants in surface water due to comprehensive spectral identification. However, because of the complexity of the resulting MS2 AIF spectra, identifying unknown pollutants remains a significant challenge, with a significant bottleneck in translating non-targeted chemical signatures into environmental impacts. The present study proposes to process fused MS1 and MS2 data sets obtained from LC-HRMS/MS measurements in non-targeted AIF workflows on surface water samples using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS). This enables straightforward assignment between precursor ions obtained from resolved MS1 spectra and their corresponding MS2 spectra. The method was evaluated for two sets of tap water and surface water contaminated with 14 target chemicals as a proof of concept. The data set of surface water samples consisting of 3506 MS1 and 2170 MS2 AIF mass spectral features was reduced to 81 components via a fused MS1-MS2 MCR model that describes at least 98.8% of the data. Each component summarizes the distinct chromatographic elution of components together with their corresponding MS1 and MS2 spectra. MS2 spectral similarity of more than 82% was obtained for most target chemicals. This highlights the potential of this method for unraveling the composition of MS/MS complex data in a water environment. Ultimately, the developed approach was applied to the retrospective non-target analysis of an independent set of surface water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Vosough
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, 45141, Germany.
- Department of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Salemi
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, 45141, Germany
| | - Sarah Rockel
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, 45141, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, 45141, Germany
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45476, Germany
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4
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Montone CM, Giannelli Moneta B, Laganà A, Piovesana S, Taglioni E, Cavaliere C. Transformation products of antibacterial drugs in environmental water: Identification approaches based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115818. [PMID: 37944459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the presence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment has caused increasing concern for the possible consequences on human health and ecosystems, including the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, once antibiotics enter the environment, mainly through hospital and municipal discharges and the effluents of wastewater treatment plants, they can be subject to transformation reactions, driven by both biotic (e.g. microorganism and mammalian metabolisms) and abiotic factors (e.g. oxidation, photodegradation, and hydrolysis). The resulting transformation products (TPs) can be less or more active than their parent compounds, therefore the inclusion of TPs in monitoring programs should be mandatory. However, only the reference standards of a few known TPs are available, whereas many other TPs are still unknown, due to the high diversity of possible transformation reactions in the environment. Modern high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) instrumentation is now ready to tackle this problem through suspect and untargeted screening approaches. However, for handling the large amount of data typically encountered in the analysis of environmental samples, these approaches also require suitable processing workflows and accurate tandem mass spectra interpretation. The compilation of a suspect list containing the possible monoisotopic masses of TPs retrieved from the literature and/or from laboratory simulated degradation experiments showed unique advantages. However, the employment of in silico prediction tools could improve the identification reliability. In this review, the most recent strategies relying on liquid chromatography-HRMS for the analysis of environmental TPs of the main antibiotic classes were examined, whereas TPs formed during water treatments or disinfection were not included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Taglioni
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Motteau S, Deborde M, Gombert B, Karpel Vel Leitner N. Non-target analysis for water characterization: wastewater treatment impact and selection of relevant features. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:4154-4173. [PMID: 38097837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-target analyses were conducted to characterize and compare the molecular profiles (UHPLC-HRMS fingerprint) of water samples from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Inlet and outlet samples were collected from three campaigns spaced 6 months apart in order to highlight common trends. A significant impact of the treatment on the sample fingerprints was shown, with a 65-70% abatement of the number of features detected in the effluent, and more polar, smaller and less intense molecules found overall compared to those in WWTP influent waters. Multivariate analysis (PCA) associated with variations of the features between inlets and outlets showed that features appearing or increasing were correlated with effluents while those disappearing or decreasing were correlated with influents. Finally, effluent features considered as relevant to a potentially adverse effect on aqueous media (i.e. those which appeared or increased or slightly varied from the influent) were highlighted. Three hundred seventy-five features common with the 3 campaigns were thus selected and further characterized. For most of them, elementary composition was found to be C, H, N, O (42%) and C, H, N, O, P (18%). Considering the MS2 spectra and several reference MS2 databases, annotations were proposed for 35 of these relevant features. They include synthetic products, pharmaceuticals and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Motteau
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
| | - Marie Deborde
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France.
- University of Poitiers, UFR Médecine Et de Pharmacie, 6 Rue de La Milétrie, Bâtiment D1, TSA 51115, 86073, Cedex 9, Poitiers, France.
| | - Bertrand Gombert
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Karpel Vel Leitner
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
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Li S, Huang X, Li Y, Ding R, Wu X, Li L, Li C, Gu R. Spectrum-Effect Relationship in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-22. [PMID: 38127670 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2290056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The quality of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) directly impacts clinical efficacy and safety. Fingerprint technology is an internationally recognized method for evaluating the quality of CHM. However, the existing quality evaluation models based on fingerprint technology have blocked the ability to assess the internal quality of CHM and cannot comprehensively reflect the correlation between pharmacodynamic information and active constituents. Through mathematical methods, a connection between the "Spectrum" (fingerprint) and the "Effect" (pharmacodynamic data) was established to conduct a spectrum-effect relationship (SER) of CHM to unravel the active component information associated with the pharmacodynamic activity. Consequently, SER can efficiently address the limitations of the segmentation of chemical components and pharmacodynamic effect in CHM and further improve the quality evaluation of CHM. This review focuses on the recent research progress of SER in the field of CHM, including the establishment of fingerprint, the selection of data analysis methods, and their recent applications in the field of CHM. Various advanced fingerprint techniques are introduced, followed by the data analysis methods used in recent years are summarized. Finally, the applications of SER based on different research subjects are described in detail. In addition, the advantages of combining SER with other data are discussed through practical applications, and the research on SER is summarized and prospected. This review proves the validity and development potential of the SER and provides a reference for the development and application of quality evaluation methods for CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Canlin Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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7
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Li W, Xia Y, Yang J, Sanyal AJ, Shah VH, Chalasani NP, Yu Q. Disrupted balance between pro-inflammatory lipid mediators and anti-inflammatory specialized pro-resolving mediators is linked to hyperinflammation in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.15.23300034. [PMID: 38168393 PMCID: PMC10760266 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.15.23300034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Chronic excessive alcohol consumption leads to a spectrum of alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD), including alcoholic hepatitis (AH). AH is characterized by intense systemic and liver inflammation, posing significant risks of health complications and mortality. While inflammation is a crucial defense mechanism against injury and infection, its timely resolution is essential to prevent tissue damage and restore tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process, primarily governed by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), lipid metabolites derived from ω-6 and ω-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). We investigated the balance between pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (PLMs) and SPMs in the ω-6 and ω-3 PUFA metabolic pathways and examined the impact of alcohol abstinence on rectifying the dysregulated biosynthesis of PLMs and SPMs in AH patients. Methods LC-MS/MS and ELISA were used to quantify levels of bioactive lipid mediators (LMs) and their precursors in the plasma samples from 58 AH patients, 29 heavy drinkers without overt liver diseases (HDCs), and 35 healthy controls (HCs). Subsequently, we assessed correlations of altered LMs with clinical parameters and various markers of inflammatory cascade andmicrobial translocation. Furthermore, we conducted a longitudinal study to track changes in levels of LMs over 6- and 12-month follow-ups in AH patients who underwent alcohol abstinence. Results AH patients exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of ω-6 PLMs (PGD 2 and LTB 4 ) and SPM RvE1 compared to HDCs and/or HCs. Conversely, key SPMs such as LXA4, RvD1, and several precursors in the ω-3 pathway were significantly downregulated in AH patients. Some of these altered LMs were found to correlate with AH disease severity, clinical parameters, and various inflammatory cytokines. In particular, the LTB4/LXA4 ratio was substantially elevated in AH patients relative to HDCs and HCs. This altered ratio displayed a positive correlation with the MELD score, suggesting its potential utility as an indicator of disease severity in AH patients. Importantly, the majority of dysregulated LMs, particularly PLMs, were normalized following alcohol abstinence. Conclusion Our study reveals significant dysregulation in the levels of PLM metabolites and anti-inflammatory SPMs in both ω-6 and ω-3 PUFA pathways in AH patients. This disrupted biosynthesis, characterized by an overabundance of PLMs and a deficiency in SPMs, is linked to the heightened inflammation observed in AH patients. Importantly, our findings suggest an important role of alcohol abstinence in restoring the balance of these LMs and the potential therapeutic benefits of SPM supplements in alleviating the inflammatory cascade in AH patients.
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8
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Kim Y, Pike KA, Gray R, Sprankle JW, Faust JA, Edmiston PL. Non-targeted identification and semi-quantitation of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in US rainwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1771-1787. [PMID: 36341487 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00349j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry was used to screen for emerging per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in precipitation samples collected in summer 2019 at seven sites in the United States. We previously quantified the concentration of ten PFAS in the rainwater samples using the method of isotopic dilution (Pike et al., 2021). Nine of these targeted analytes belonged to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Screening Level list, herein referred to as EPA-monitored analytes. In this new work, we identify emerging PFAS compounds by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Several emerging PFAS were detected across all samples, with the most prevalent compounds being C3-C8 hydrogen-substituted perfluorocarboxylic acids (H-PFCAs) and fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (FTCAs). Concentrations of emerging PFAS were in the 10-1000 ng L-1 range (approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than EPA-monitored PFAS) at all sites except Wooster, OH, where concentrations were even higher, with a maximum estimated ΣPFAS of 16 400 ng L-1. The elevated levels of emerging PFAS in the Wooster samples were predominantly even and odd chain-length H-PFCAs and FTCAs comprised of complex mixtures of branched isomers. This unique composition did not match any known manufactured PFAS formulation reported to date, but it could represent thermally transformed by-products emitted by a local point source. Overall, the results indicate that PFAS outside of the standard analyte lists make up a significant and previously unappreciated fraction of contaminants in rainwater collected within the central U.S.-and potentially world-wide-especially in proximity to localized point sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
| | - Kyndal A Pike
- Department of Chemistry, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
- Department of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Rebekah Gray
- Department of Chemistry, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
| | - Jameson W Sprankle
- Department of Chemistry, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA
| | | | - Paul L Edmiston
- Department of Chemistry, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA.
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Hulleman T, Turkina V, O’Brien JW, Chojnacka A, Thomas KV, Samanipour S. Critical Assessment of the Chemical Space Covered by LC-HRMS Non-Targeted Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14101-14112. [PMID: 37704971 PMCID: PMC10537454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-targeted analysis (NTA) has emerged as a valuable approach for the comprehensive monitoring of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in the exposome. The NTA approach can theoretically identify compounds with diverse physicochemical properties and sources. Even though they are generic and have a wide scope, non-targeted analysis methods have been shown to have limitations in terms of their coverage of the chemical space, as the number of identified chemicals in each sample is very low (e.g., ≤5%). Investigating the chemical space that is covered by each NTA assay is crucial for understanding the limitations and challenges associated with the workflow, from the experimental methods to the data acquisition and data processing techniques. In this review, we examined recent NTA studies published between 2017 and 2023 that employed liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The parameters used in each study were documented, and the reported chemicals at confidence levels 1 and 2 were retrieved. The chosen experimental setups and the quality of the reporting were critically evaluated and discussed. Our findings reveal that only around 2% of the estimated chemical space was covered by the NTA studies investigated for this review. Little to no trend was found between the experimental setup and the observed coverage due to the generic and wide scope of the NTA studies. The limited coverage of the chemical space by the reviewed NTA studies highlights the necessity for a more comprehensive approach in the experimental and data processing setups in order to enable the exploration of a broader range of chemical space, with the ultimate goal of protecting human and environmental health. Recommendations for further exploring a wider range of the chemical space are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hulleman
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Viktoriia Turkina
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jake W. O’Brien
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Queensland
Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Chojnacka
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin V. Thomas
- Queensland
Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Saer Samanipour
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- UvA
Data Science Center, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Queensland
Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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10
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Gong X, Chen W, Zhang K, Li T, Song Q. Serially coupled column liquid chromatography: An alternative separation tool. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464278. [PMID: 37572536 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of liquid chromatography (LC) in recent decades, it remains a challenge to achieve the desired chromatographic separation of complex matrices using a single column. Multi-column LC techniques, particularly serially coupled column LC (SCC-LC), have emerged as a promising solution to overcome this challenge. While more attention has been focused on heart-cutting or comprehensive two-dimensional LC, reviews specifically focusing on SCC-LC, which offers advantages in terms of precision and facile instrumentation, are scarce. Here, our concerns are devoted to the progress summary regarding the instrumentation and applications of SCC-LC. Emphasis is placed on column selection aiming to enlarge peak capacity, selectivity, or both through the optimization of combination types (e.g. RPLC-RPLC, -RPLC-HILIC, and achiral-chiral LC), connection devices (e.g. zero dead volume connector, tubing, and T-type connector), elution program (i.e. isocratic or gradient) and detectors (e.g. mass spectrometer, ultraviolet detector, and fluorescence detector). The application of SCC-LC in pharmaceutical, biological, environmental, and food fields is also reviewed, and future perspectives and potential directions for SCC-LC are discussed. We envision that the review can give meaningful information to analytical scientists when facing heavy chromatographic separation tasks for complicated matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcheng Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qingqing Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Hernández Martínez SA, Melchor-Martínez EM, González-González RB, Sosa-Hernández JE, Araújo RG, Rodríguez-Hernández JA, Barceló D, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HMN. Environmental concerns and bioaccumulation of psychiatric drugs in water bodies - Conventional versus biocatalytic systems of mitigation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115892. [PMID: 37084948 PMCID: PMC10114359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought increments in market sales and prescription of medicines commonly used to treat mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, stress, and related problems. The increasing use of these drugs, named psychiatric drugs, has led to their persistence in aquatic systems (bioaccumulation), since they are recalcitrant to conventional physical and chemical treatments typically used in wastewater treatment plants. An emerging environmental concern caused by the bioaccumulation of psychiatric drugs has been attributed to the potential ecological and toxicological risk that these medicines might have over human health, animals, and plants. Thus, by the application of biocatalysis-assisted techniques, it is possible to efficiently remove psychiatric drugs from water. Biocatalysis, is a widely employed and highly efficient process implemented in the biotransformation of a wide range of contaminants, since it has important differences in terms of catalytic behavior, compared to common treatment techniques, including photodegradation, Fenton, and thermal treatments, among others. Moreover, it is noticed the importance to monitor transformation products of degradation and biodegradation, since according to the applied removal technique, different toxic transformation products have been reported to appear after the application of physical and chemical procedures. In addition, this work deals with the discussion of differences existing between high- and low-income countries, according to their environmental regulations regarding waste management policies, especially waste of the drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elda M Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Reyna Berenice González-González
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Rafael G Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Parc Cientific i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Edifici H(2)O, Girona, Spain
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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Chou L, Zhou C, Luo W, Guo J, Shen Y, Lin D, Wang C, Yu H, Zhang X, Wei S, Shi W. Identification of high-concern organic pollutants in tap waters from the Yangtze River in China based on combined screening strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159416. [PMID: 36244484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, numerous organic pollutants have been detected in water environment. The safety of our drinking water has attracted widespread attention. Effective methods to screen and identify high-concern substances are urgently needed. In this study, the combined workflow for the detection and identification of high-concern organic chemicals was established and applied to tap water samples from the Yangtze River Basin. The solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents were compared and evaluated and finally the HLB cartridge was selected as the best one for most of the contaminants. Based on target, suspect and non-target analysis, 3023 chemicals/peaks were detected. Thirteen substances such as diundecyl phthalate (DUP), 2-hydroxyatrazine, dioxoaminopyrine and diethyl-2-phenylacetamide were detected in drinking water in the Yangtze River Basin for the very first time. Based on three kinds of prioritization principles, 49 ubiquitous, 103 characteristic chemicals and 13 inefficiently removed chemicals were selected as high-concern substances. Among them, 8, 31, 9, 3, 4 substances overlapped with the toxic, risky or high-concern chemicals lists in China, America, European Union, Japan, Korea, respectively. Specific management and removal strategies were further recommended. The workflow is efficient for identification of key pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liben Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengzhuo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenrui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yanhong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Die Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Si Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, China
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13
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Sanseverino I, Gómez L, Navarro A, Cappelli F, Niegowska M, Lahm A, Barbiere M, Porcel-Rodríguez E, Valsecchi S, Pedraccini R, Crosta S, Lettieri T. Holistic approach to chemical and microbiological quality of aquatic ecosystems impacted by wastewater effluent discharges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155388. [PMID: 35489490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) collect wastewater from various sources and use different treatment processes to reduce the load of pollutants in the environment. Since the removal of many chemical pollutants and bacteria by WWTPs is incomplete, they constitute a potential source of contaminants. The continuous release of contaminants through WWTP effluents can compromise the health of the aquatic ecosystems, even if they occur at very low concentrations. The main objective of this work was to characterize, over a period of four months, the treatment steps starting from income to the effluent and 5 km downstream to the receiving river. In this context, the efficiency removal of chemical pollutants (e.g. hormones and pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics) and bacteria was assessed in a WWTP case study by using a holistic approach. It embraces different chemical and biological-based methods, such as pharmaceutical analysis by HPLC-MSMS, growth rate inhibition in algae, ligand binding estrogen receptor assay, microbial community study by 16S and shotgun sequencing along with relative quantification of resistance genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Although both, chemical and biological-based methods showed a significant reduction of the pollutant burden in effluent and surface waters compared to the influent of the WWTP, no complete removal of pollutants, pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livia Gómez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Anna Navarro
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy; University of Insubria, Department of Science and High Technology, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | | | - Armin Lahm
- Bioinformatics Project Support, P.zza S.M. Liberatrice 18, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Barbiere
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | | | | | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Hu LX, Olaitan OJ, Li Z, Yang YY, Chimezie A, Adepoju-Bello AA, Ying GG, Chen CE. What is in Nigerian waters? Target and non-target screening analysis for organic chemicals. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131546. [PMID: 34323804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging organic contaminants (e.g., active pharmaceutical ingredients and personal care products ingredients) are ubiquitous in the environment and potentially harmful to ecosystems, have gained increasing public attention worldwide. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of data on these contaminants in Africa. In this study, various types of water samples (wastewater, surface water and tap water) collected from Lagos, Nigeria were analyzed for these chemicals by both target and non-target analysis on an UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS. In total, 109 compounds were identified by non-target screening using the online database mzCloud. Level 1 identification confidence was achieved for 13 compounds for which reference standards were available and level 2 was achieved for the rest. In the quantitative analysis, 18 of 38 target compounds were detected, including the parent compounds and their metabolites. Acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, acesulfame, and caffeine were detected in all samples with their highest concentrations at 8000, 5300, 16, and 7700 μg/L in wastewater, 140000, 3300, 7.7, and 12000 μg/L in surface water, and 66, 62, 0.17 and 1000 μg/L in tap water, respectively. The occurrence of psychoactive substances, anticancer treatments, antiretrovirals, antihypertensives, antidiabetics and their metabolites were reported in Nigeria for the first time. These results indicate poor wastewater treatment and management in Nigeria, and provide a preliminary profile of organic contaminants occurring in Nigerian waters. The findings from this study urge more future research on chemical pollution in the aquatic environments in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Hu
- Environmental Research Institute / School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Olatunde James Olaitan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- Environmental Research Institute / School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Anyakora Chimezie
- School of Science and Technology, Pan Atlantic University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Guang-Guo Ying
- Environmental Research Institute / School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chang-Er Chen
- Environmental Research Institute / School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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High-Throughput Analysis from Complex Matrices: Acoustic Ejection Mass Spectrometry from Phase-Separated Fluid Samples. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110789. [PMID: 34822447 PMCID: PMC8618436 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic ejection mass spectrometry is a novel high-throughput analytical technology that delivers high reproducibility without carryover observed. It eliminates the chromatography step used to separate analytes from matrix components. Fully-automated liquid–liquid extraction is widely used for sample cleanup, especially in high-throughput applications. We introduce a workflow for direct AEMS analysis from phase-separated liquid samples and explore high-throughput analysis from complex matrices. We demonstrate the quantitative determination of fentanyl from urine using this two-phase AEMS approach, with a LOD lower than 1 ng/mL, quantitation precision of 15%, and accuracy better than ±10% over the range of evaluation (1–100 ng/mL). This workflow offers simplified sample preparation and higher analytical throughput for some bioanalytical applications, in comparison to an LC-MS based approach.
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Chen J, Song Y, Zhou M, Yang M, Zhang L, Naeem A, Li Z, Deng Y, Liu Y, Ai Z, Su D. Screening for potential quality markers of Callerya nitida var. hirsutissima. Z.Wei based on components profile, pharmacokinetics, and anti-inflammatory study. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:638-649. [PMID: 34729921 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Callerya nitida var. hirsutissima. Z.Wei is a classical, traditional Chinese herbal medicine mostly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Recent reports suggest that inconsistent and poor-quality control levels have primarily affected the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the active chemical ingredients, stability of components in blood, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics to specify the potential markers for quality control and quality evaluation of Callerya nitida. The active components in vitro and in vivo were obtained by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, the changes of the bioactive components in the blood were monitored over time (0-24 h) in order to identify stable active components. On this basis, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of these ingredients combined with the anti-inflammatory activity were determined to screen out the potential markers for ensuring the quality control of Callerya nitida. The identified four components, such as calycosin, daidzein, formononetin, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, have the characteristics of intrinsic components, clearly defined structures, high exposure values, and in vivo stability, which are important for the therapeutic activity of pharmacologically active materials. Therefore, they can be used as potential markers to control the quality levels of Callerya nitida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yonggui Song
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Lab of Innovation Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Zexie Li
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiong Deng
- Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China.,Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Zhifu Ai
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Impairment Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
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von Ameln Lovison O, Jank L, de Souza WM, Ramalho Guerra R, Lamas AE, da Costa Ballestrin RA, da Silva Morais Hein C, da Silva TCB, Corção G, Martins AF. Identification of pesticides in water samples by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2670-2680. [PMID: 34355448 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs), including pesticides, have been a trending topic and Brazil is the country with the highest usage of pesticides worldwide. This study aimed to measure the presence of pesticide residues in the water from different sources in the city of Porto Alegre. We analyzed 55 samples from drinking water treatment plants, public water sites, and sewage treatment plants from winter 2018 to summer 2020 by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Among 184 pesticides evaluated, 107 matched validation criteria (linearity, trueness, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility) and 15 of them were detected in different water samples, including seven insecticides, five antifungals, and three herbicides, with a wide range of toxicity levels and noticeable seasonal differences. For the worst-case scenario evaluation, 20 out of 22 (90.9%) samples exceeded the Risk Quotient of 1. The sum of pesticide concentrations exceeded 100 ng L-1 in 66.7% of samples in February 19 and in 75% of samples in February 20 and the total pesticide concentration has reached the worrisome mark of 1615 and 954.96 ng L-1 respectively. Therefore, our results make evident the need to promote public policies to achieve better water quality monitoring. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Among 184 pesticides evaluated, 107 matched validation criteria (linearity, trueness, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility). A total of 55 different water samples were analyzed, and 15 pesticides were detected and five quantified. For the worst-case scenario evaluation, 20 out of 21 samples exceeded the Risk Quotient of 1 on Feb/20. The pesticide concentrations sum exceeded 100 ng L-1 in 66.7% of samples on February 19 and in 75% of samples on February 20. It is mandatory to improve water monitoring to guide the development of public policies concerning its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio von Ameln Lovison
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Louise Jank
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - William Machado de Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Ramalho Guerra
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Elias Lamas
- Coordenadoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Diretoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Antonio da Costa Ballestrin
- Coordenadoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Diretoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Morais Hein
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Gertrudes Corção
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andreza Francisco Martins
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Perin M, Dallegrave A, Suchecki Barnet L, Zanchetti Meneghini L, de Araújo Gomes A, Pizzolato TM. Pharmaceuticals, pesticides and metals/metalloids in Lake Guaíba in Southern Brazil: Spatial and temporal evaluation and a chemometrics approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148561. [PMID: 34175608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Compiling and reporting data related to the presence of pharmaceuticals and pesticides are crucial means of assessing the risk those chemicals pose to human health and environment. Data sets from different sources were combined using a data fusion approach to produce a spatial and temporal variation of contaminants presents in water from Lake Guaíba (29°55'-30°24' S; 51°01'-51°20' W). Lake Guaíba is a 496 km2 water body situated in the geological depression of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil; that is fed by several rivers from the metropolitan area, the 5th largest metro area in Brazil, with approximately 5 million inhabitants. Analytical methodology to quantify pharmaceuticals and pesticides by LC-QTOF-MS and GC-MS/MS was validated for 41 pharmaceutical and 62 pesticides. Furthermore, 27 chemical elements were analyzed by ICP-MS, and physical chemical parameters were determined using established methodologies. All validation parameters were in accordance with the National Institute of Metrology, Standardization, and Industrial Quality. Thirty-five water samples were analyzed from January to August 2019, and 15 pharmaceuticals and 25 pesticides were present in concentrations ranging from 6.00 ng L-1 to 580.00 ng L-1. Twenty-seven elements were analyzed during the same period, and 18 were present in concentrations ranging from 0.2 μg L-1 to 7060 μg L-1. Samples were tagged according to the points and months of collection to identify temporal and spatial patterns. The main findings show that the compounds are distributed throughout the studied area without an apparent regular pattern, suggesting that events in a specific point affect the entire ecosystem. Conversely, temporal variations were well defined, as samples were grouped according to the climatic conditions of the months of collection. Considering the calculated quotient risks, atrazine, cyproconazole, diuron, and simazine showed the highest risk levels for algae; acetaminophen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen showed the highest risk levels for aquatics invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Perin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Dallegrave
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Suchecki Barnet
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, 91780-580 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Zanchetti Meneghini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriano de Araújo Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mara Pizzolato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Li D, Liang W, Feng X, Ruan T, Jiang G. Recent advances in data-mining techniques for measuring transformation products by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Hedgespeth ML, McCord JP, Phillips KA, Strynar MJ, Shea D, Nichols EG. Suspect-screening analysis of a coastal watershed before and after Hurricane Florence using high-resolution mass spectrometry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 782:146862. [PMID: 33839655 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On September 14, 2018, Hurricane Florence delivered ~686 mm rainfall to a 106 km2 watershed in coastal North Carolina, USA. A forested land treatment site comprises one third of the watershed wherein municipal wastewater effluent is spray-irrigated onto 8.9 km2 of forest. This communication provides insight for land treatment function under excess water duress as well as changes in organic chemical composition in on- and off-site waters before (June 2018) and after (September & December 2018) Hurricane Florence's landfall. We compare the numbers and relative abundances of chemical features detected using suspect screening high resolution mass spectrometry in waste-, ground-, and surface water samples. Values for upstream and receiving waters in September were lower than for sampling events in June and December, indicating an expected dilution effect across the watershed. Chemical diversity was greatest for all surface water samples in December, but only upstream surface water showed a dramatic five-fold increase in relative chemical abundance. Chemical abundance in on-site water and downstream surface water was equal to or lower than the September storm dilution effect. These data suggest that the land treatment system is functionally and hydrologically robust to extreme storm events and contributed to dilution of upstream chemical reservoirs for downstream receiving waters for months after the storm. Similar systems may embody one water reuse strategy robust to the increasing occurrence of extreme precipitation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Hedgespeth
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - James P McCord
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Katherine A Phillips
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Mark J Strynar
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Damian Shea
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Guthrie Nichols
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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21
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Brown HM, Fedick PW. Rapid, low-cost, and in-situ analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in soils and sediments by ambient 3D-printed cone spray ionization mass spectrometry. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129708. [PMID: 35534952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A rapid method to empirically determine the presence of trace per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solid media, such as soils, sands, and sediments, without any sample preparation, through ambient ionization mass spectrometry (MS), is described. 3D-printed cone spray ionization (3D-PCSI) is an ambient ionization technique that employs a 3D-printed conductive plastic cone to perform both sampling and ionization. The 3D-PCSI sources are fabricated in the shape of a hollowed square pyramid to hold bulk matrices, and consist of rigid walls to aid in the uniformity and consistency of sampling and ionization. Solid samples are placed within the hollowed pyramid and a solvent is added to perform an in-situ extraction, followed by spray-based ionization when a voltage is applied. The low cost of 3D-printing, its reproducibility at scale, and lack of sample preparation, enables 3D-PCSI-MS to rapidly and efficiently screen for trace PFAS, in-situ, in bulk samples. Demonstrated here is the detection of trace PFAS that were doped into six different soil and sediment matrices, by 3D-PCSI-MS, to validate the universality of the method, irrespective of matrix composition. All PFAS were identified by their indicative MS3 spectra and ranged in detection limits from 100 ppt to 10 ppb depending on the compound and soil classification. Legacy aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) were analyzed in soil by 3D-PCSI-MS, as were soil samples collected around an AFFF testing facility. The sampling rate for 3D-PCSI-MS was less than 2 min per sample, demonstrating the applicability to high-throughput mapping of a contaminated area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary M Brown
- Research Department, Chemistry Division, United States Navy - Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR). Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division (NAWCWD), 1900 N. Knox Road, China Lake, California, 93555, United States
| | - Patrick W Fedick
- Research Department, Chemistry Division, United States Navy - Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR). Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division (NAWCWD), 1900 N. Knox Road, China Lake, California, 93555, United States.
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22
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Özcan S, Levent S, Can NÖ. Challenges, Progress and Promises of Impurities Annotation for LCMSIT- TOF. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200616125353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Analysis of pharmaceutical products, as well as their active and inactive ingredients, and
identification and characterization of potential impurities originating from raw materials and manufacturing
processes is of importance in the field, especially for further assessment of potential positive or
negative effects on the human body. In addition to expected therapeutic effects, unfortunately, some
unwanted or adverse effects were encountered in the past, resulting in dramatic cases sometimes. These
challenges have been overcome with the use of sophisticated and high-end analytical techniques today
by focusing on developing more efficient, more accurate, more accessible, and faster determination
techniques.
:
One of the powerful techniques utilized under the given aim, especially for qualitative purposes, is the
Time of Flight (TOF) based Mass Spectrometry (MS). Among the TOF-MS instruments, liquid chromatography-
mass spectrometry-ion trap-time of flight (LCMS-IT-TOF) has a unique MSn capability,
which is a versatile tool in exact mass prediction and structure elucidation. In this review, LCMS-ITTOF
has been considered taking all aspects to account for its use in qualitative impurity profiling, and
a retrospective view on previous studies was presented in an analytical manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniye Özcan
- Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir,Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir,Turkey
| | - Nafiz Öncü Can
- Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir,Turkey
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23
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Roushani M, Ghanbarzadeh M, Shahdost-Fard F. Fabrication of an electrochemical biodevice for ractopamine detection under a strategy of a double recognition of the aptamer/molecular imprinting polymer. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 138:107722. [PMID: 33340819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The importance of RAC tracking in human biofluids has boosted many demands for designing an ultrasensitive tool to determine the trace value of the RAC from clinical, judicial, and forensic centers. In this study, an electrochemical biodevice has developed for the highly selective detection of this illegal feed additive under a double recognition strategy of the aptamer (Apt) and molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The sensing relies on this fact that both the MIP and Apt act synergistically to trap the RAC molecules. The sensing surface fabrication steps have been monitored by some electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV(. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) value of the redox probe as a representative of the biodevice response has increased linearly with the RAC concentration increasing in a dynamic range of 1 fM to 1.90 µM. The detection limit (LOD) value has been estimated to be 330 aM, lower than all of the reported methods in the RAC sensing. Furthermore, the practical feasibility of biodevice has been evaluated in some human blood serum and urine samples. This strategy offers some useful advantages in reliable detection of the RAC, which may help in the routine analysis, as mandated by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Roushani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, 65315-516 Ilam, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Ghanbarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, 65315-516 Ilam, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shahdost-Fard
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, 65315-516 Ilam, Iran
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24
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An assessment of quality assurance/quality control efforts in high resolution mass spectrometry non-target workflows for analysis of environmental samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Fonseca E, Hernández F, Ibáñez M, Rico A, Pitarch E, Bijlsma L. Occurrence and ecological risks of pharmaceuticals in a Mediterranean river in Eastern Spain. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106004. [PMID: 32745782 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are biologically active molecules that may exert toxic effects to a wide range of aquatic organisms. They are considered contaminants of emerging concern due to their common presence in wastewaters and in the receiving surface waters, and the lack of specific regulations to monitor their environmental occurrence and risks. In this work, the environmental exposure and risks of pharmaceuticals have been studied in the Mijares River, Eastern Mediterranean coast (Spain). A total of 57 surface water samples from 19 sampling points were collected in three monitoring campaigns between June 2018 and February 2019. A list of 40 compounds was investigated using a quantitative target UHPLC-MS/MS method. In order to complement the data obtained, a wide-scope screening of pharmaceuticals and metabolites was also performed by UHPLC-HRMS. The ecological risks posed by the pharmaceutical mixtures were evaluated using species sensitivity distributions built with chronic toxicity data for aquatic organisms. In this study, up to 69 pharmaceuticals and 9 metabolites were identified, out of which 35 compounds were assessed using the quantitative method. The highest concentrations in water corresponded to acetaminophen, gabapentin, venlafaxine, valsartan, ciprofloxacin and diclofenac. The compounds that were found to exert the highest toxic pressure on the aquatic ecosystems were principally analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. These were: phenazone > azithromycin > diclofenac, and to a lower extent norfloxacin > ciprofloxacin > clarithromycin. The monitored pharmaceutical mixtures are expected to exert severe ecological risks in areas downstream of WWTP discharges, with the percentage of aquatic species affected ranging between 65% and 82% in 3 out of the 19 evaluated sites. In addition, five antibiotics were found to exceed antibiotic resistance thresholds, thus potentially contributing to resistance gene enrichment in environmental bacteria. This work illustrates the wide use and impact of pharmaceuticals in the area under study, and the vulnerability of surface waters if only conventional wastewater treatments are applied. Several compounds included in this study should be incorporated in future water monitoring programs to help in the development of future regulations, due to their potential risk to the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Fonseca
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, P.O. 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Félix Hernández
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - María Ibáñez
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Pitarch
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Lubertus Bijlsma
- Environmental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071, Castellón, Spain.
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26
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Purschke K, Vosough M, Leonhardt J, Weber M, Schmidt TC. Evaluation of Nontarget Long-Term LC-HRMS Time Series Data Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12273-12281. [PMID: 32812753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) has steadily increased in many application fields ranging from metabolomics to environmental science. HRMS data are frequently used for nontarget screening (NTS), i.e., the search for compounds that are not previously known and where no reference substances are available. However, the large quantity of data produced by NTS analytical workflows makes data interpretation and time-dependent monitoring of samples very sophisticated and necessitates exploiting chemometric data processing techniques. Consequently, in this study, a prioritization method to handle time series in nontarget data was established. As proof of concept, industrial wastewater was investigated. As routine industrial wastewater analyses monitor the occurrence of a limited number of targeted water contaminants, NTS provides the opportunity to detect also unknown trace organic compounds (TrOCs) that are not in the focus of routine target analysis. The developed prioritization method enables reducing raw data and including identification of prioritized unknown contaminants. To that end, a five-month time series for industrial wastewaters was utilized, analyzed by liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS), and evaluated by NTS. Following peak detection, alignment, grouping, and blank subtraction, 3303 features were obtained of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent samples. Subsequently, two complementary ways for exploratory time trend detection and feature prioritization are proposed. Therefore, following a prefiltering step, featurewise principal component analysis (PCA) and groupwise PCA (GPCA) of the matrix (temporal wise) were used to annotate trends of relevant wastewater contaminants. With sparse factorization of data matrices using GPCA, groups of correlated features/mass fragments or adducts were detected, recovered, and prioritized. Similarities and differences in the chemical composition of wastewater samples were observed over time to reveal hidden factors accounting for the structure of the data. The detected features were reduced to 130 relevant time trends related to TrOCs for identification. Exemplarily, as proof of concept, one nontarget pollutant was identified as N-methylpyrrolidone. The developed chemometric strategies of this study are not only suitable for industrial wastewater but also could be efficiently employed for time trend exploration in other scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Purschke
- Environmental Analysis, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG Q18, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany.,Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (IAC) and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, UnivFersitaetsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Maryam Vosough
- Department of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Centre of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186 Tehran 14968-13151, Iran
| | - Juri Leonhardt
- Production Analytics, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG B562, D-41538 Dormagen, Germany
| | - Markus Weber
- Environmental Analysis, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG Q18, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (IAC) and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, UnivFersitaetsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.,IWW Zentrum Wasser, Moritzstrasse 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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27
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Yan XT, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Feng XS. Technical Overview of Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to the Detection of Small Molecules in Food (Update Since 2012). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:593-626. [PMID: 32880479 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1815168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Food safety and quality issues are becoming increasingly important and attract much attention, requiring the development of better analytical platforms. For example, high-resolution (especially Orbitrap) mass spectrometry simultaneously offers versatile functions such as targeted/non-targeted screening while providing qualitative and quantitative information on an almost unlimited number of analytes to facilitate routine analysis and even allows for official surveillance in the food field. This review covers the current state of Orbitrap mass spectrometry (OMS) usage in food analysis based on research reported in 2012-2019, particularly highlighting the technical aspects of OMS application and the achievement of OMS-based screening and quantitative analysis in the food field. The gained insights enhance our understanding of state-of-the-art high-resolution mass spectrometry and highlight the challenges and directions of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Yan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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28
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Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites based dispersive solid phase microextraction for trace determination of profenofos in white rice flour samples. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Gravell A, Fones GR, Greenwood R, Mills GA. Detection of pharmaceuticals in wastewater effluents-a comparison of the performance of Chemcatcher® and polar organic compound integrative sampler. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27995-28005. [PMID: 32405945 PMCID: PMC7334249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemcatcher® and POCIS passive sampling devices are widely used for monitoring polar organic pollutants in water. Chemcatcher® uses a bound Horizon Atlantic™ HLB-L sorbent disk as receiving phase, whilst the POCIS uses the same material in the form of loose powder. Both devices (n = 3) were deployed for 21 days in the final effluent at three wastewater treatment plants in South Wales, UK. Following deployment, sampler extracts were analysed using liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Compounds were identified using an in-house database of pharmaceuticals using a metabolomics workflow. Sixty-eight compounds were identified in all samplers. For the POCIS, substantial losses of sorbent (11-51%) were found during deployment and subsequent laboratory analysis, necessitating the use of a recovery factor. Percentage relative standard deviations varied (with 10 compounds exceeding 30% in both samplers) between individual compounds and between samplers deployed at the three sites. The relative performance of the two devices was evaluated using the mass of analyte sequestered, measured as an integrated peak area. The ratio of the uptake of the pharmaceuticals for the POCIS versus Chemcatcher® was lower (1.84x) than would be expected on the basis of the ratio of active sampling areas (3.01x) of the two devices. The lower than predicted uptake may be attributable to the loose sorbent material moving inside the POCIS when deployed in the field in the vertical plane. In order to overcome this, it is recommended to deploy the POCIS horizontally inside the deployment cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Gravell
- Natural Resources Wales, Faraday Building, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gary R Fones
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, UK.
| | - Richard Greenwood
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry I Street, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Graham A Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
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30
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Peña-Herrera JM, Montemurro N, Barceló D, Pérez S. Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment-Ion methodology for the detection of pharmaceuticals and related compounds in river fish extracted using a sample miniaturized method. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1620:461009. [PMID: 32173027 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Peña-Herrera
- ENFOCHEM, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Montemurro
- ENFOCHEM, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- ENFOCHEM, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Pérez
- ENFOCHEM, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Gago-Ferrero P, Bletsou AA, Damalas DE, Aalizadeh R, Alygizakis NA, Singer HP, Hollender J, Thomaidis NS. Wide-scope target screening of >2000 emerging contaminants in wastewater samples with UPLC-Q-ToF-HRMS/MS and smart evaluation of its performance through the validation of 195 selected representative analytes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:121712. [PMID: 31784138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development and validation of a comprehensive quantitative target methodology for the analysis of 2316 emerging pollutants in water based on Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole-Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-ToF-HRMS/MS). Target compounds include pesticides, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse, industrial chemicals, doping compounds, surfactants and transformation products, among others. The method was validated for 195 analytes, chosen to be representative of the chemical space of the target list, enabling the assessment of the performance of the method. The method involves a generic sample preparation based on mixed mode solid phase extraction, a UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS screening method using Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) mode, which provides MS and MS/MS spectra simultaneously and an elaborate strong post-acquisition evaluation of the data. The processing method was optimized to provide a successful identification rate >95 % and to minimize the number of false positive results (< 5 %). Decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were also introduced in the validation scheme to provide more realistic metrics on the performance of a HRMS-based wide-scope screening method. A new system of identification points (IPs) based on the one described in the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC was applied to communicate the confidence level in the identification of the analytes. This system considers retention time, mass accuracy, isotopic fit and fragmentation; taking full advantage of the capacities of the HRMS instruments. Finally, 398 contaminants were detected and quantified in real wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gago-Ferrero
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna A Bletsou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios E Damalas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Reza Aalizadeh
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikiforos A Alygizakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Heinz P Singer
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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32
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Purschke K, Zoell C, Leonhardt J, Weber M, Schmidt TC. Identification of unknowns in industrial wastewater using offline 2D chromatography and non-target screening. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:135835. [PMID: 31841840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater is characterised by a complex composition of trace organic compounds (TrOC) in a difficult matrix. The identification of unknown pollutants is of high interest. On the one hand to ensure protection of the environment by elucidating contaminations and on the other hand to protect the biological treatment step in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Due to the high variability of the matrix, the identification of compounds of interest is very time consuming and often unsuccessful. To overcome this limitation, a prioritisation method was developed to identify so called 'known unknowns', i.e. compounds frequently detected but not identified, as prioritised compounds in industrial wastewater. The method based on an offline two-dimensional (offline 2D) liquid chromatography (LC) approach with ultra violet (UV) detection in the first and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in the second dimension. As a proof of concept, an identification process of one 'known unknown' is described. The compound was identified as a dichlorodinitrophenol isomer by retention time in two dimensions, UV spectrum, exact mass, mass fragmentation and 1H- NMR. As prioritisation method, the offline 2D LC in combination with non-target analysis provides a powerful workflow to determine tentative structures of unknown organic compounds in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Purschke
- Environmental Analysis, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG Q18, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (IAC) and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christian Zoell
- Automated Multiple Development Labour, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG C601, D-41538, Dormagen, Germany.
| | - Juri Leonhardt
- Production Analytics, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG B562, D-41538 Dormagen, Germany.
| | - Markus Weber
- Environmental Analysis, Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CHEMPARK BLG Q18, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (IAC) and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; IWW Zentrum Wasser, Moritzstrasse 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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Xiong J, Li S, Li Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Gan J, Ju J, Xian Y, Xiong X. Fluorescent Aptamer-Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Graphene Oxide Biosensor for Profenofos Detection in Food. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-9257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Przybyłek M, Studziński W, Gackowska A, Gaca J. The use of fast molecular descriptors and artificial neural networks approach in organochlorine compounds electron ionization mass spectra classification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28188-28201. [PMID: 31363975 PMCID: PMC6791912 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing of theoretical tools can be very helpful for supporting new pollutant detection. Nowadays, a combination of mass spectrometry and chromatographic techniques are the most basic environmental monitoring methods. In this paper, two organochlorine compound mass spectra classification systems were proposed. The classification models were developed within the framework of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and fast 1D and 2D molecular descriptor calculations. Based on the intensities of two characteristic MS peaks, namely, [M] and [M-35], two classification criterions were proposed. According to criterion I, class 1 comprises [M] signals with the intensity higher than 800 NIST units, while class 2 consists of signals with the intensity lower or equal than 800. According to criterion II, class 1 consists of [M-35] signals with the intensity higher than 100, while signals with the intensity lower or equal than 100 belong to class 2. As a result of ANNs learning stage, five models for both classification criterions were generated. The external model validation showed that all ANNs are characterized by high predicting power; however, criterion I-based ANNs are much more accurate and therefore are more suitable for analytical purposes. In order to obtain another confirmation, selected ANNs were tested against additional dataset comprising popular sunscreen agents disinfection by-products reported in previous works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Przybyłek
- Chair and Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Studziński
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Technology and Life Science, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alicja Gackowska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Technology and Life Science, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gaca
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Technology and Life Science, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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35
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Hinnenkamp V, Balsaa P, Schmidt TC. Quantitative screening and prioritization based on UPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS as an alternative water sample monitoring strategy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:6101-6110. [PMID: 31278550 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Suspect and non-target screening based on the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become more common in water analysis over the past years. However, this only yields lists of features or suspects without quantitative information. To expand the use of HRMS data to a quantitative screening, we have developed and validated a simple and fast method for more than 140 micropollutants using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to traveling wave ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS). Positive findings from suspect and non-target screening can be prioritized and identified by reference standards. The quantitative screening is then performed by additional measurement of calibration standards. This is carried out by means of direct injection and external calibration, without consideration of matrix effects. For all substances, limits of quantification (LOQs) of less or equal than 100 ng/L are achieved. The calibration is carried out in a range of 100 to 1000 ng/L and the results are reported as concentration ranges, in which the concentration of the analyte in the sample is to be expected. All substances were evaluated using quadratic regressions. For the verification of the accuracy, different water matrices (drinking water, groundwater, and surface water) were spiked with five concentration levels (50 ng/L, 300 ng/L, 500 ng/L, 800 ng/L, and 2000 ng/L) and indicate that for the drinking water and groundwater sample, 97% correct assignments were found, whereas for the surface water sample, 88% correct assignments were achieved. A comparative study of water samples of various matrices was accomplished using the quantitative screening analysis method and validated target methods by means of three UPLC tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods and two gas chromatography (GC) coupled to MS and MS/MS methods. A total of 510 data could be compared, which showed a good match of both approaches in more than 80% of the results. As an alternative strategy for the monitoring of water samples by UPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS, this method provides quantitative information about target components, besides tentatively or identified substances from suspect or non-target screening. Depending on the resulting concentration range and reporting requirements, validated target methods can be further used for the previously detected targets. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hinnenkamp
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476, Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Universitaetsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Balsaa
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476, Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstraße 26, 45476, Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany. .,Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Universitaetsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany.
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36
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Albergamo V, Schollée JE, Schymanski EL, Helmus R, Timmer H, Hollender J, de Voogt P. Nontarget Screening Reveals Time Trends of Polar Micropollutants in a Riverbank Filtration System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7584-7594. [PMID: 31244084 PMCID: PMC6610556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The historic emissions of polar micropollutants in a natural drinking water source were investigated by nontarget screening with high-resolution mass spectrometry and open cheminformatics tools. The study area consisted of a riverbank filtration transect fed by the river Lek, a branch of the lower Rhine, and exhibiting up to 60-year travel time. More than 18,000 profiles were detected. Hierarchical clustering revealed that 43% of the 15 most populated clusters were characterized by intensity trends with maxima in the 1990s, reflecting intensified human activities, wastewater treatment plant upgrades and regulation in the Rhine riparian countries. Tentative structure annotation was performed using automated in silico fragmentation. Candidate structures retrieved from ChemSpider were scored based on the fit of the in silico fragments to the experimental tandem mass spectra, similarity to openly accessible accurate mass spectra, associated metadata, and presence in a suspect list. Sixty-seven unique structures (72 over both ionization modes) were tentatively identified, 25 of which were confirmed and included contaminants so far unknown to occur in bank filtrate or in natural waters at all, such as tetramethylsulfamide. This study demonstrates that many classes of hydrophilic organics enter riverbank filtration systems, persisting and migrating for decades if biogeochemical conditions are stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Albergamo
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Jennifer E. Schollée
- Eawag,
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Emma L. Schymanski
- Eawag,
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Luxembourg
Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University
of Luxembourg, House
of Biomedicine II 6, avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Rick Helmus
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harrie Timmer
- Oasen, Nieuwe Gouwe
O.Z 3, 2801 SB Gouda, The Netherlands
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag,
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse
16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pim de Voogt
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- KWR Watercycle
Research Institute, Groningenhaven
7, 3430 BB, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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37
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Hedgespeth ML, Nichols EG. Expanding phytoremediation to the realms of known and unknown organic chemicals of concern. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1385-1396. [PMID: 31257906 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1633265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in analytical chemistry and data analyses via high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) are evolving scientific understanding of the potential totality of organic chemical exposure and pollutant risk. This review addresses the importance of HRMS approaches, namely suspect screening and nontarget chemical analyses, to the realm of phytoremediation. These analytical approaches are not without caveats and constraints, but they provide an opportunity to understand in greater totality how plant-based technologies contribute, mitigate, and reduce organic chemical exposure across scales of experimental and system-level studies. These analytical tools can enlighten the complexity and efficacy of plant-contaminant system design and expand our understanding of biogenic and anthropogenic chemicals at work in phytoremediation systems. Advances in data analytics from biological sciences, such as metabolomics, are crucial to HRMS analysis. This review provides an overview of targeted, suspect screening, and nontarget HRMS approaches, summarizes the expanding knowledge of regulated and unregulated organic chemicals in the environment, addresses requisite HRMS instrumentation, analysis cost, uncertainty, and data processing techniques, and offers potential bridges of HRMS analyses to phytoremediation research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Hedgespeth
- Department of Forest and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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38
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Development and validation of a multianalyte immunoassay for the quantification of environmental pollutants in seawater samples from the Catalonia coastal area. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:5897-5907. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Campos-Mañas MC, Ferrer I, Thurman EM, Sánchez Pérez JA, Agüera A. Identification of opioids in surface and wastewaters by LC/QTOF-MS using retrospective data analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:874-884. [PMID: 30769311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Opioids, both as prescription drugs and abuse substances, have been a hot topic and a focus of discussion in the media for the last few years. Although the literature published shows the occurrence of opioids and some of their metabolites in the aquatic environment, there are scarce data in the application of high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for the analysis of these compounds in the environment. The use of HRMS allows increasing the number of opioids that can be studied as well as the detection of unknown opioids, their metabolites and potential transformation products. In this work, a retrospective analysis for the identification of opioids and their metabolites using a curated database was applied to surface water and wastewater samples taken in the state of Minnesota (U.S.) in 2009, which were previously analyzed by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS) for antidepressants. The database comprised >200 opioids including natural opiates (e.g. morphine and codeine), their semi-synthetic derivatives (e.g. heroin, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, meperidine and buprenorphine), fully synthetic opioids (e.g. fentanyl, methadone, tramadol, dextromethorphan and propoxyphene), as well as some of their metabolites (e.g. 6-monoacetylcodeine, dextrorphan, EDDP, normorphine and O-desmethyltramadol). Moreover, additional MS-MS experiments were performed to confirm their identification, as well as to recognize fragmentation patterns and diagnostic ions for several opioids. These data provide a better understanding of the historical occurrence of opioids and their metabolites in surface waters impacted by wastewater sources. The concentrations of individual opioids in surface water and wastewater effluent varied from 8.8 (EDDP) to 1640 (tramadol) ngL-1 and from 12 (dihydrocodeine) to 1288 (tramadol) ngL-1, respectively. The opioids with higher overall frequency detections were tramadol, dextromethorphan and its metabolite, dextrorphan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Celia Campos-Mañas
- Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Imma Ferrer
- Center for Environmental Mass Spectrometry, Dpt. Environmental Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| | - E Michael Thurman
- Center for Environmental Mass Spectrometry, Dpt. Environmental Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - José Antonio Sánchez Pérez
- Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Ana Agüera
- Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
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40
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Hernández F, Bakker J, Bijlsma L, de Boer J, Botero-Coy AM, Bruinen de Bruin Y, Fischer S, Hollender J, Kasprzyk-Hordern B, Lamoree M, López FJ, Laak TLT, van Leerdam JA, Sancho JV, Schymanski EL, de Voogt P, Hogendoorn EA. The role of analytical chemistry in exposure science: Focus on the aquatic environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:564-583. [PMID: 30726704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure science, in its broadest sense, studies the interactions between stressors (chemical, biological, and physical agents) and receptors (e.g. humans and other living organisms, and non-living items like buildings), together with the associated pathways and processes potentially leading to negative effects on human health and the environment. The aquatic environment may contain thousands of compounds, many of them still unknown, that can pose a risk to ecosystems and human health. Due to the unquestionable importance of the aquatic environment, one of the main challenges in the field of exposure science is the comprehensive characterization and evaluation of complex environmental mixtures beyond the classical/priority contaminants to new emerging contaminants. The role of advanced analytical chemistry to identify and quantify potential chemical risks, that might cause adverse effects to the aquatic environment, is essential. In this paper, we present the strategies and tools that analytical chemistry has nowadays, focused on chromatography hyphenated to (high-resolution) mass spectrometry because of its relevance in this field. Key issues, such as the application of effect direct analysis to reduce the complexity of the sample, the investigation of the huge number of transformation/degradation products that may be present in the aquatic environment, the analysis of urban wastewater as a source of valuable information on our lifestyle and substances we consumed and/or are exposed to, or the monitoring of drinking water, are discussed in this article. The trends and perspectives for the next few years are also highlighted, when it is expected that new developments and tools will allow a better knowledge of chemical composition in the aquatic environment. This will help regulatory authorities to protect water bodies and to advance towards improved regulations that enable practical and efficient abatements for environmental and public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hernández
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain.
| | - J Bakker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - L Bijlsma
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - J de Boer
- Vrije Universiteit, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081, HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A M Botero-Coy
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Y Bruinen de Bruin
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Directorate E - Space, Security and Migration, Italy
| | - S Fischer
- Swedish Chemicals Agency (KEMI), P.O. Box 2, SE-172 13, Sundbyberg, Sweden
| | - J Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B Kasprzyk-Hordern
- University of Bath, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - M Lamoree
- Vrije Universiteit, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081, HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F J López
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - T L Ter Laak
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Chemical Water Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430, BB Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - J A van Leerdam
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Chemical Water Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430, BB Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - J V Sancho
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - E L Schymanski
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - P de Voogt
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Chemical Water Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430, BB Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090, GE Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E A Hogendoorn
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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41
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Kimura SY, Cuthbertson AA, Byer JD, Richardson SD. The DBP exposome: Development of a new method to simultaneously quantify priority disinfection by-products and comprehensively identify unknowns. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 148:324-333. [PMID: 30391861 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Disinfected drinking water contains hundreds of disinfection by-products (DBPs) that are formed by the reaction of disinfectants with natural and anthropogenic organic matter, bromide, and iodide. Understanding what these DBPs are is important because millions of people worldwide consume drinking water every day, and human epidemiologic studies have reported cancer, miscarriage, and birth defects from consuming such waters. While more than 600 DBPs are reported in the literature, very few studies quantify complete classes of chlorinated, brominated, and iodinated DBPs. Also, very few studies conduct comprehensive non-target analyses of unknown DBPs to characterize the complete DBP exposure (the exposome). We developed a new gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) method that simultaneously quantifies 39 priority unregulated DBPs from six different chemical classes (haloacetaldehydes, haloketones, haloacetamides, haloacetonitriles, halonitromethanes, and iodinated-trihalomethanes) and analyzes unknown DBPs with mass accuracy <600 ppm under full-scan conditions. Using a new type of time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer, which combines selected ion monitoring (SIM)-level sensitivity with mass accuracy of ±0.05 Da, method detection limits of 3-61 ng/L were achieved. These levels were found to be quite comparable to those of a widely used single quadrupole mass spectrometer (2-90 ng/L) operated in SIM mode. However, analysis using this TOF mass spectrometer offers two additional advantages over traditional quadrupole-MS: (1) full-scan data, which provides additional confidence for target analytes, as well as complete mass spectra for unknown analysis, and (2) two decimal place mass accuracy, which allows additional confidence for target analytes and importantly, molecular formula indication for unknowns. High resolution accurate mass TOF was also used to validate identification of selected compounds. This new method was demonstrated on finished drinking waters from three different drinking water plants, where target quantification and non-target unknown analyses were performed simultaneously during the same run. This enabled the quantification of 39 DBPs, along with the non-target identification of many other drinking water contaminants, including two additional non-target DBPs: N,N-dimethylacetamide and N-nitrosodibutylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Y Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amy A Cuthbertson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States
| | - Jonathan D Byer
- LECO Corp., 3000 Lakeview Ave., St. Joseph, Michigan, 49085, United States
| | - Susan D Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
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42
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A review on structural elucidation of metabolites of environmental steroid hormones via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Hoff RB, Pizzolato TM. Combining extraction and purification steps in sample preparation for environmental matrices: A review of matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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44
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Celma A, Bijlsma L, López FJ, Sancho JV. Development of a Retention Time Interpolation scale (RTi) for liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ionization modes. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:101-107. [PMID: 30005941 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The accuracy and sensitivity of high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) enables the identification of candidate compounds with the use of mass spectrometric databases among other tools. However, retention time (RT) data in identification workflows has been sparingly used since it could be strongly affected by matrix or chromatographic performance. Retention Time Interpolation scaling (RTi) strategies can provide a more robust and valuable information than RT, gaining more confidence in the identification of candidate compounds in comparison to an analytical standard. Up to our knowledge, no RTi has been developed for LC-HRMS systems providing information when acquiring in either positive or negative ionization modes. In this work, an RTi strategy was developed by means of the use of 16 isotopically labelled reference standards, which can be spiked into a real sample without resulting in possible false positives or negatives. For testing the RTi performance, a mixture of several reference standards, emulating suspect analytes, were used. RTi values for these compounds were calculated both in solvent and spiked in a real matrix to assess the effect of either chromatographic parameters or matrix in different scenarios. It has been demonstrated that the variation of injection volume, chromatographic gradient and initial percentage of organic solvent injected does not considerably affect RTi calculation. Column aging and solid support of the stationary phase of the column, however, showed strong effects on the elution of several test compounds. Yet, RTi permitted the correction of elution shifts of most compounds. Furthermore, RTi was tested in 47 different matrices from food, biological, animal feeding and environmental origin. The application of RTi in both positive and negative ionization modes showed in general satisfactory results for most matrices studied. The RTi developed can be used in future LC-HRMS screening analysis giving an additional parameter, which facilitates tedious processing tasks and gain more confidence in the identification of (non)-suspect analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Celma
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Lubertus Bijlsma
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Francisco J López
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan V Sancho
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain.
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45
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An automated on-line turbulent flow liquid-chromatography technology coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer LTQ-Orbitrap for suspect screening of antibiotic transformation products during microalgae wastewater treatment. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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46
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Simple Solvent Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Rice Bran Protein Powder. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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47
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Albergamo V, Helmus R, de Voogt P. Direct injection analysis of polar micropollutants in natural drinking water sources with biphenyl liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1569:53-61. [PMID: 30017221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A method for the trace analysis of polar micropollutants (MPs) by direct injection of surface water and groundwater was validated with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography using a core-shell biphenyl stationary phase coupled to time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry. The validation was successfully conducted with 33 polar MPs representative for several classes of emerging contaminants. Identification and quantification were achieved by semi-automated processing of full-scan and data-independent acquisition MS/MS spectra. In most cases good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), recovery (75% to 125%) and intra-day (RSD < 20%) and inter-day precision (RSD < 10%) values were observed. Detection limits of 9 to 83 ng/L and 9 to 93 ng/L could be achieved in riverbank filtrate and surface water, respectively. A solid-phase extraction was additionally validated to screen samples from full-scale reverse osmosis drinking water treatment at sub-ng/L levels and overall satisfactory analytical performance parameters were observed for RBF and reverse osmosis permeate. Applicability of the direct injection method is shown for surface water and riverbank filtrate samples from an actual drinking water source. Several targets linkable to incomplete removal in wastewater treatment and farming activities were detected and quantified in concentrations between 28 ng/L for saccharine in riverbank filtrate and up to 1 μg/L for acesulfame in surface water. The solid phase extraction method applied to samples from full-scale reverse osmosis drinking water treatment plant led to quantification of 8 targets between 6 and 57 ng/L in the feed water, whereas only diglyme was detected and quantified in reverse osmosis permeate. Our study shows that combining the chromatographic resolution of biphenyl stationary phase with the performance of time-of-flight high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry resulted in a fast, accurate and robust method to monitor polar MPs in source waters by direct injection with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Albergamo
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rick Helmus
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim de Voogt
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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48
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Fully-automated systems and the need for global approaches should exhort clinical labs to reinvent routine MS analysis? Bioanalysis 2018; 10:1129-1141. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, many LC–high-resolution MS instruments have become affordable, easy-to-use, sensitive and quantitative. Meanwhile, there is an increased need for more comprehensive approaches. However, omics analyses are still restricted to specialists whereas, in hospitals, routine analyses are targeted and quantitative and represent the main and heavy tasks. But the availability of fully automated LC–MS instruments that can handle independently from sample extraction to result reporting, as well as the increasing biomedical interest for global approaches, clinical analytical workflow should be reorganized. Bioanalysts are now in the position to develop/implement clinical metabolomics or proteomics as routine analyses. In this article, this coming evolution and the reasons to implement global/omics determinations as routine analysis, is described.
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49
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Selvolini G, Băjan I, Hosu O, Cristea C, Săndulescu R, Marrazza G. DNA-Based Sensor for the Detection of an Organophosphorus Pesticide: Profenofos. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18072035. [PMID: 29941847 PMCID: PMC6068880 DOI: 10.3390/s18072035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we propose an electrochemical DNA aptasensor for the detection of profenofos, an organophosphorus pesticide, based on a competitive format and disposable graphite screen-printed electrodes (GSPEs). A thiol-tethered DNA capture probe, which results to be complementary to the chosen aptamer sequence, was immobilised on gold nanoparticles/polyaniline composite film-modified electrodes (AuNPs/PANI/GSPE). Different profenofos solutions containing a fixed amount of the biotinylated DNA aptamer were dropped onto the realized aptasensors. The hybridisation reaction was measured using a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase enzyme conjugate, which catalyses the hydrolysis of 1-naphthyl -phosphate. The 1-naphtol enzymatic product was detected by means of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The aptasensor showed itself to work as a signal off sensor, according to the competitive format used. A dose response curve was obtained between 0.10 μM and 10 μM with a detection limit of 0.27 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Selvolini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Ioana Băjan
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Oana Hosu
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Robert Săndulescu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", 4 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Giovanna Marrazza
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Unit of Florence, Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy.
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50
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Alygizakis NA, Samanipour S, Hollender J, Ibáñez M, Kaserzon S, Kokkali V, van Leerdam JA, Mueller JF, Pijnappels M, Reid MJ, Schymanski EL, Slobodnik J, Thomaidis NS, Thomas KV. Exploring the Potential of a Global Emerging Contaminant Early Warning Network through the Use of Retrospective Suspect Screening with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5135-5144. [PMID: 29651850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge in the environmental and exposure sciences is to establish experimental evidence of the role of chemical exposure in human and environmental systems. High resolution and accurate tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS) is increasingly being used for the analysis of environmental samples. One lauded benefit of HRMS is the possibility to retrospectively process data for (previously omitted) compounds that has led to the archiving of HRMS data. Archived HRMS data affords the possibility of exploiting historical data to rapidly and effectively establish the temporal and spatial occurrence of newly identified contaminants through retrospective suspect screening. We propose to establish a global emerging contaminant early warning network to rapidly assess the spatial and temporal distribution of contaminants of emerging concern in environmental samples through performing retrospective analysis on HRMS data. The effectiveness of such a network is demonstrated through a pilot study, where eight reference laboratories with available archived HRMS data retrospectively screened data acquired from aqueous environmental samples collected in 14 countries on 3 different continents. The widespread spatial occurrence of several surfactants (e.g., polyethylene glycols ( PEGs ) and C12AEO-PEGs ), transformation products of selected drugs (e.g., gabapentin-lactam, metoprolol-acid, carbamazepine-10-hydroxy, omeprazole-4-hydroxy-sulfide, and 2-benzothiazole-sulfonic-acid), and industrial chemicals (3-nitrobenzenesulfonate and bisphenol-S) was revealed. Obtaining identifications of increased reliability through retrospective suspect screening is challenging, and recommendations for dealing with issues such as broad chromatographic peaks, data acquisition, and sensitivity are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikiforos A Alygizakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens , Greece
- Environmental Institute, s.r.o. , Okružná 784/42 , 972 41 Koš , Slovak Republic
| | - Saer Samanipour
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen 21 , 0349 Oslo , Norway
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - María Ibáñez
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water , University Jaume I , Avda. Sos Baynat s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
| | - Sarit Kaserzon
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS) , The University of Queensland , 20 Cornwall Street , Woolloongabba , Queensland 4102 , Australia
| | - Varvara Kokkali
- Vitens Laboratory , Snekertrekweg 61 , 8912 AA Leeuwarden , The Netherlands
| | - Jan A van Leerdam
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute , P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein , The Netherlands
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS) , The University of Queensland , 20 Cornwall Street , Woolloongabba , Queensland 4102 , Australia
| | - Martijn Pijnappels
- Rijkswaterstaat , Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment , Zuiderwagenplein 2 , 8224 AD Lelystad , The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm J Reid
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen 21 , 0349 Oslo , Norway
| | - Emma L Schymanski
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) , University of Luxembourg , 7 Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux , L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette , Luxembourg
| | - Jaroslav Slobodnik
- Environmental Institute, s.r.o. , Okružná 784/42 , 972 41 Koš , Slovak Republic
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens , Greece
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen 21 , 0349 Oslo , Norway
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS) , The University of Queensland , 20 Cornwall Street , Woolloongabba , Queensland 4102 , Australia
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