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Kruczkowska W, Gałęziewska J, Kciuk M, Gielecińska A, Płuciennik E, Pasieka Z, Zhao LY, Yu YJ, Kołat D, Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż. Senescent adipocytes and type 2 diabetes - current knowledge and perspective concepts. Biomol Concepts 2024; 15:bmc-2022-0046. [PMID: 38530804 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Among civilization diseases, the number of individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is expected to increase to more than a billion in less than 20 years, which is associated with, e.g., populational aging, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, genetic predispositions, and immunological factors. T2DM affects many organs and is characterized by insulin resistance, high glucose levels, and adipocyte dysfunction, which are related to senescence. Although this type of cellular aging has beneficial biological functions, it can also act unfavorable since senescent adipocytes resist apoptosis, enhance cytokine secretion, downregulate cell identity genes, and acquire the senescence-associated secretory phenotype that renders a more oxidative environment. Opposing T2DM is possible via a wide variety of senotherapies, including senolytics and senomorphics; nevertheless, further research is advised to expand therapeutic possibilities and benefits. Consequences that ought to be deeply researched include secretory phenotype, chronic inflammation, increasing insulin resistance, as well as impairment of adipogenesis and functioning of adipocyte cells. Herein, despite reviewing T2DM and fat tissue senescence, we summarized the latest adipocyte-related anti-diabetes solutions and suggested further research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kruczkowska
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Gałęziewska
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Pasieka
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lin-Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Jin Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
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Steiger L, Baumann Z, Keller L, Böni-Schnetzler M, Donath MY, Meier DT. Protocol for isolation and spectral flow cytometry analysis of immune cells from the murine exocrine and endocrine pancreas. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102664. [PMID: 37889759 PMCID: PMC10641308 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the hormone-secreting endocrine pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that the exocrine pancreas is also involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. In this protocol, we describe how to harvest both isolated islets and exocrine tissue from one mouse pancreas, followed by a detailed explanation of how to isolate and analyze immune cells using full-spectrum flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Steiger
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Zora Baumann
- Tumor Heterogeneity, Metastasis and Resistance, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lena Keller
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Böni-Schnetzler
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Meier
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Ruiz-González A, Suissi W, Baumgard LH, Martel-Kennes Y, Chouinard PY, Gervais R, Rico DE. Increased dietary vitamin D 3 and calcium partially alleviate heat stress symptoms and inflammation in lactating Holstein cows independent of dietary concentrations of vitamin E and selenium. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3984-4001. [PMID: 37164847 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Twelve multiparous Holstein cows (42.2 ± 5.6 kg of milk/d; 83 ± 27 d in milk) were used in a split-plot design testing the effects of mineral and vitamin supplementation on the time course of animal performance, metabolism, and inflammation markers during heat stress. The main plot was the average concentrations of dietary vitamin E and Se (adequate: 11.1 IU/kg of vitamin E and 0.55 mg/kg of Se, and high: 223 IU/kg of vitamin E and 1.8 mg/kg of Se, respectively). Within each plot, cows were randomly assigned to (1) heat stress (HS) with adequate concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (1,012 IU/kg and 0.73%, respectively), (2) HS with high concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (HS+D3/Ca; 3,764 IU/kg and 0.97%, respectively), or (3) pair-feeding (PF) in thermoneutrality with adequate concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (1,012 IU/kg and 0.73% Ca) in a Latin square design with 14-d periods and 7-d washouts. The highest rectal temperature was recorded at 1700 h for HS (39.4°C; mean of d 1 to 14), being 1.2 and 0.8°C greater than for PF and HS+D3/Ca, respectively. Respiratory rate and water intake were higher in HS (73 breaths/min and 115 L/d, respectively) relative to PF (28 breaths/min and 76 L/d). Heat stress decreased dry matter intake progressively, reaching a nadir on d 5 to 7 (33% reduction) and was not different between treatments. Milk yield decreased progressively in all treatments, but remained greater in PF relative to HS from d 3 to 14 (10%), whereas HS and HS+D3/Ca were not different. Milk fat, protein, and lactose concentrations and yields were lower in HS relative to PF from d 3 to 14, but not different between HS and HS+D3/Ca. Relative to PF, preprandial insulin concentrations were increased in HS, whereas plasma nonesterified fatty acids were decreased on d 7 and 14. Plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein concentrations increased in HS cows on d 7 and 14, respectively, relative to PF, whereas they were reduced in HS + D3/Ca on d 14. Plasma C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, and fecal calprotectin were increased in HS relative to both PF and HS+D3/Ca on d 7 and 14. Rectal temperature was positively associated with plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (r = 0.72), tumor necrosis factor-α (r = 0.74), C-reactive protein (r = 0.87), and with milk somatic cells (r = 0.75). Plasma 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine concentrations presented a 3-way interaction, where 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was lower in HS than in PF on d 7 and 14, and lower in HS+D3/Ca relative to HS on d 14 in the adequate vitamin E and Se treatment, but no effects were observed in the high vitamin E and Se group. Plasma superoxide dismutase concentrations increased over time, and were higher in HS relative to PF on d 14, whereas HS+D3/Ca was similar to HS. Heat stress markedly reduced milk production and milk components while increasing markers of leaky gut and inflammation. In contrast, vitamin D3 and Ca supplementation reduced hyperthermia (d 7-14), markers of leaky gut, and inflammation independent of dietary concentrations of vitamin E and Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruiz-González
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - W Suissi
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - Y Martel-Kennes
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - D E Rico
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada.
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Wang X, Liu Z, Zhang S, Yang Y, Wu X, Liu X. Forkhead box P3 gene polymorphisms predispose to type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in the Han Chinese populations: a genetic-association and gender-based evaluation study. Hereditas 2023; 160:3. [PMID: 36717877 PMCID: PMC9887859 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-023-00264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional mutations or polymorphisms affecting forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) can lead to their abnormal FOXP3 gene expression and/or defective Treg cells generation, thus resulting in autoimmune disease and inflammatory disorders. FOXP3 also plays a key role in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications, because the disease usually involves chronic low-grade inflammatory disorders and is associated with long-term immune system imbalance. This study aimed to investigate the association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to T2DM and type 2 diabetes nephropathy (T2DN) within the Han Chinese populations. METHODS Polymorphisms in rs3761548C/A and rs2294021C/T were examined in 400 patients (which include an equal number of T2DM and T2DN groups) and 200 healthy controls using PCR-HRM and sequence analysis. RESULTS The genotype and allelic frequencies of the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly different in T2DM and the progression of diabetes developing to T2DN. The further gender-based evaluation showed that in female subjects, rs3761548C/A was associated with an approximately 3-fold higher threat for T2DM and 4.5-fold for T2DN, while there was no noticeable association with rs2294021C/T; in males, the promoter polymorphism showed an increased predisposition of 5.4-fold and 3.4-fold predisposition to T2DM and T2DN, respectively, while rs2294021 polymorphism could impart a nearly 2-fold risk of developing T2DN. An additional analysis of combined genotypes (rs3761548 C/A-rs2294021C/T) revealed that CC-CC and CC-CT can be considered protective combinations in the predisposition of males with diabetes towards T2DN, while AA-CC and AA-TT have the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the possible involvement of individual and combined genetic associations of rs3761548C/A and rs2294021C/T polymorphisms with the susceptibility to diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in the Han Chinese population, as well as gender bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Pharmacogenomics Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
| | - Zejing Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
| | - Shangdi Zhang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Pharmacogenomics Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
| | - Xue Wu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Pharmacogenomics Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China ,grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 Gansu China
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Hazarika A, Nongkhlaw B, Mukhopadhyay A. Identification of stable reference genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:486. [PMID: 36627346 PMCID: PMC9831022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reference genes are obligatory for accurate normalization of mRNA transcript levels across samples and experimental conditions in Real Time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based quantitative gene expression assays. Selection of stably expressed reference genes is therefore crucial for ensuring reproducibility of such assays. However, there is a complete dearth of data on stability of commonly used reference genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. We have evaluated the gene expression stability of 4 widely used reference genes (Beta-actin, ACTB; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase B, PPIB; Tyrosine 3 Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein Zeta, YWHAZ; and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase, GAPDH); in PBMCs from 39 T2DM patients and 47 normoglycemic (NGT) subjects. ACTB and YWHAZ were found to be the most stable genes in PBMCs from T2DM patients and therefore, can be recommended as suitable reference genes in similar contexts. GAPDH and PPIB expressions were not stable in PBMCs from T2DM patients. On using ACTB and YWHAZ as reference genes for measuring relative expression of GAPDH and PPIB in these subjects, relative GAPDH expression was found to be significantly lower in female T2DM patients, compared to female NGT subjects [GAPDH relative normalization unit (RNU): female T2DM (n = 19), median (Q1, Q3): 9.0 (8.1, 9.9); female NGT (n = 18): median (Q1, Q3): 10.1 (9.1, 11.0); P = 0.034]. Dysregulation of GAPDH in PBMCs from female T2DM patients could be associated with sex-specific differences in pathogenesis and outcomes of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Hazarika
- grid.418280.70000 0004 1794 3160Division of Nutrition, St. John’s Research Institute, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Bajanai Nongkhlaw
- grid.418280.70000 0004 1794 3160Division of Nutrition, St. John’s Research Institute, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India ,grid.464649.d0000 0004 1792 1201Present Address: Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya India
| | - Arpita Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India.
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Song Y, Jiang Y, Shi L, He C, Zhang W, Xu Z, Yang M, Xu Y. Comprehensive analysis of key m5C modification-related genes in type 2 diabetes. Front Genet 2022; 13:1015879. [PMID: 36276976 PMCID: PMC9582283 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1015879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: 5-methylcytosine (m5C) RNA methylation plays a significant role in several human diseases. However, the functional role of m5C in type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear.Methods: The merged gene expression profiles from two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to identify m5C-related genes and T2D-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Least-absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was performed to identify optimal predictors of T2D. After LASSO regression, we constructed a diagnostic model and validated its accuracy. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to confirm the biological functions of DEGs. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to determine the functional enrichment of molecular subtypes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to select the module that correlated with the most pyroptosis-related genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the STRING database, and hub genes were identified using Cytoscape software. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interaction network of the hub genes was obtained. The CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to analyze the interactions between hub gene expression and immune infiltration.Results: m5C-related genes were significantly differentially expressed in T2D and correlated with most T2D-related DEGs. LASSO regression showed that ZBTB4 could be a predictive gene for T2D. GO, KEGG, and GSEA indicated that the enriched modules and pathways were closely related to metabolism-related biological processes and cell death. The top five genes were identified as hub genes in the PPI network. In addition, a ceRNA interaction network of hub genes was obtained. Moreover, the expression levels of the hub genes were significantly correlated with the abundance of various immune cells.Conclusion: Our findings may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying T2D based on its pathophysiology and suggest potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxian Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengshi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yushan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yushan Xu,
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Glucose metabolism controls human γδ T-cell-mediated tumor immunosurveillance in diabetes. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:944-956. [PMID: 35821253 PMCID: PMC9338301 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of cancer. The effect of glucose metabolism on γδ T cells and their impact on tumor surveillance remain unknown. Here, we showed that high glucose induced Warburg effect type of bioenergetic profile in Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, leading to excessive lactate accumulation, which further inhibited lytic granule secretion by impairing the trafficking of cytolytic machinery to the Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell-tumor synapse by suppressing AMPK activation and resulted in the loss of antitumor activity in vitro, in vivo and in patients. Strikingly, activating the AMPK pathway through glucose control or metformin treatment reversed the metabolic abnormalities and restored the antitumor activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. These results suggest that the impaired antitumor activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells induced by dysregulated glucose metabolism may contribute to the increased cancer risk in T2DM patients and that metabolic reprogramming by targeting the AMPK pathway with metformin may improve tumor immunosurveillance.
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Cheng Y, Yu W, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Chi H, Xu C. Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells. Open Life Sci 2022; 16:1365-1376. [PMID: 35071771 PMCID: PMC8760182 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammation has been identified in the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cells (WBC) can be used to predict a systemic inflammatory response. Changes in NLR and WBC levels have never been explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with DKA and an uninfected state. This retrospective study included a total of 644 participants. NLR and WBC were measured in the control group (n = 316) and in T1DM patients with mild-DKA (n = 92), severe-DKA (n = 52), and non-DKA (n = 184) in an uninfected state. Then, we assessed the independent predictors of DKA occurrence in T1DM patients in an uninfected state. The diagnostic performance of variables was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Serum NLR of T1DM patients is significantly higher than that of normal controls, and if DKA occurs, NLR increases further and increases with the severity of DKA. In addition to diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and WBC, NLR was also independently associated with DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state (OR = 1.386, 95% CI: 1.127-1.705, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the diagnosis analysis showed that except for NLR and WBC, the area under the curve (AUC) of indicators with a statistical difference in patients with and without DKA were 0.747 for DKA diagnosis, and after the addition of NLR and WBC, the AUC was 0.806. The increased NLR level represents a low-cost and highly accessible predictor for DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state. The addition of inflammation indicators can play a statistically significant role in the prediction model of the DKA occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Road, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324, Jing 5 Road, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Weihai Municipal Hospital, 70, Heping Road, Weihai, 264299, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haiyan Chi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Weihai Municipal Hospital, 70, Heping Road, Weihai, 264299, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Road, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324, Jing 5 Road, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
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9
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Natural killer cell-derived exosomal miR-1249-3p attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation in mouse models of type 2 diabetes. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:409. [PMID: 34848693 PMCID: PMC8632983 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have been suggested to be associated with type 2 diabetes by regulating systemic inflammation. However, the mechanism by which NK cells regulate insulin sensitivity remains unknown. This study shows that NK-derived exosomes from lean mice attenuate obesity-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in mice of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, lean NK-derived exosomes enhance insulin sensitivity and relieve inflammation in adipocytes and hepatocytes. MiR-1249-3p, which is significantly upregulated in lean NK-derived exosomes, can be transferred from NK cells to adipocytes and hepatocytes via exosomes. NK-derived exosomal miR-1249-3p dramatically induces cellular insulin sensitivity and relieves inflammation. Mechanistically, exosomal miR-1249-3p directly targets SKOR1 to regulate the formation of ternary complex SMAD6/MYD88/SMURF1, which mediates glucose homeostasis by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. This study reveals an emerging role for NK-derived exosomal miR-1249-3p in remission of insulin resistance, and provides a series of potential therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes.
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10
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Xu Y, Zhu D, Yang Q, Su D, Chen YQ. PTIP Deficiency in B Lymphocytes Reduces Subcutaneous Fat Deposition in Mice. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:568-576. [PMID: 33993864 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921050060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have predominantly focused on the role of B cells in metabolic diseases, yet the function of B cells in adipose homeostasis remains unclear. Pax transactivation domain-interacting protein (PTIP), a licensing factor for humoral immunity, is necessary for B cell development and activation. Here, using mice that lack PTIP in B cells (PTIP-/- mice), we explored the role of B cells in adipose homeostasis under physiological conditions. Fat deposition in 8-week-old mice was measured by micro-CT, and PTIP-/- mice presented a marked decrease in the deposition of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Untargeted lipidomics revealed that the triglyceride composition in SAT was altered in PTIP-/- mice. In addition, there was no difference in the number of adipocyte progenitor cells in the SAT of wild-type (WT) and PTIP-/- mice as measured by flow cytometry. To study the effects of steady-state IgM and IgG antibody levels on fat deposition, PTIP-/- mice were injected intraperitoneally with serum from WT mice once every 3-4 days for 4 weeks. The iSAT mass of the recipient mice showed no significant increase in comparison to the controls after 4 weeks of injections. Our findings reveal that PTIP plays an essential role in regulating subcutaneous adipocyte size, triglyceride composition, and fat deposition under physiological conditions by controlling B cells. The decreased subcutaneous fat deposition in PTIP-/- mice does not appear to be related to the number of adipocyte progenitor cells. The steady-state levels of IgM and IgG antibodies in vivo are not associated with the subcutaneous fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Doudou Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Qin Yang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Dan Su
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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11
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Wang J, Meng W. COVID-19 and diabetes: the contributions of hyperglycemia. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 12:958-962. [PMID: 33002109 PMCID: PMC7543402 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Meng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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12
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Liu J, Sun X, Jin H, Yan XL, Huang S, Guo ZN, Yang Y. Remote ischemic conditioning: A potential therapeutic strategy of type 2 diabetes. Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110409. [PMID: 33277103 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major public diseases which is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and progressive pancreatic β-cell failure. While in the past few years, some new factors, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses and other potential pathways, have been identified to play critical roles in T2D, and thereby provide novel promising targets for the treatment of T2D. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive and convenient operation performed by transient, repeated ischemia in distant place. Nowadays, RIC has been established as a potentially powerful therapeutic tool for many diseases, especially in I/R injuries. Through activating a series of neural, humoral and immune pathways, it can release multiple protective signals, which then regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, immune response and so on. Interestingly, several recent studies have discovered that the beneficial effects of RIC on I/R injuries might be abolished by T2D, wherein the higher basal levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, dysregulation of immune system and some potential pathways secondary to hyperglycemia may play critical roles. In contrast, a higher intensity of conditioning could restore the protective effects. Based on the overlapped mechanisms RIC and T2D performs, we provide a hypothesis that RIC may also play a protective role in T2D via targeting these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
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13
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Drareni K, Ballaire R, Alzaid F, Goncalves A, Chollet C, Barilla S, Nguewa JL, Dias K, Lemoine S, Riveline JP, Roussel R, Dalmas E, Velho G, Treuter E, Gautier JF, Venteclef N. Adipocyte Reprogramming by the Transcriptional Coregulator GPS2 Impacts Beta Cell Insulin Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108141. [PMID: 32937117 PMCID: PMC7495095 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is maintained through organ crosstalk that regulates secretion of insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a physiological range. In type 2 diabetes, this coordinated response is altered, leading to a deregulation of beta cell function and inadequate insulin secretion. Reprogramming of white adipose tissue has a central role in this deregulation, but the critical regulatory components remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that expression of the transcriptional coregulator GPS2 in white adipose tissue is correlated with insulin secretion rate in humans. The causality of this relationship is confirmed using adipocyte-specific GPS2 knockout mice, in which inappropriate secretion of insulin promotes glucose intolerance. This phenotype is driven by adipose-tissue-secreted factors, which cause increased pancreatic islet inflammation and impaired beta cell function. Thus, our study suggests that, in mice and in humans, GPS2 controls the reprogramming of white adipocytes to influence pancreatic islet function and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Drareni
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
| | | | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Andreia Goncalves
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chollet
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Serena Barilla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-Louis Nguewa
- Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Karine Dias
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lemoine
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elise Dalmas
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gilberto Velho
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
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14
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Arivazhagan L, Ruiz HH, Wilson R, Manigrasso M, Gugger PF, Fisher EA, Moore KJ, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. An Eclectic Cast of Cellular Actors Orchestrates Innate Immune Responses in the Mechanisms Driving Obesity and Metabolic Perturbation. Circ Res 2020; 126:1565-1589. [PMID: 32437306 PMCID: PMC7250004 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.315900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The escalating problem of obesity and its multiple metabolic and cardiovascular complications threatens the health and longevity of humans throughout the world. The cause of obesity and one of its chief complications, insulin resistance, involves the participation of multiple distinct organs and cell types. From the brain to the periphery, cell-intrinsic and intercellular networks converge to stimulate and propagate increases in body mass and adiposity, as well as disturbances of insulin sensitivity. This review focuses on the roles of the cadre of innate immune cells, both those that are resident in metabolic organs and those that are recruited into these organs in response to cues elicited by stressors such as overnutrition and reduced physical activity. Beyond the typical cast of innate immune characters invoked in the mechanisms of metabolic perturbation in these settings, such as neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, these actors are joined by bone marrow-derived cells, such as eosinophils and mast cells and the intriguing innate lymphoid cells, which are present in the circulation and in metabolic organ depots. Upon high-fat feeding or reduced physical activity, phenotypic modulation of the cast of plastic innate immune cells ensues, leading to the production of mediators that affect inflammation, lipid handling, and metabolic signaling. Furthermore, their consequent interactions with adaptive immune cells, including myriad T-cell and B-cell subsets, compound these complexities. Notably, many of these innate immune cell-elicited signals in overnutrition may be modulated by weight loss, such as that induced by bariatric surgery. Recently, exciting insights into the biology and pathobiology of these cell type-specific niches are being uncovered by state-of-the-art techniques such as single-cell RNA-sequencing. This review considers the evolution of this field of research on innate immunity in obesity and metabolic perturbation, as well as future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Arivazhagan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Henry H. Ruiz
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Robin Wilson
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Michaele Manigrasso
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Paul F. Gugger
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Edward A. Fisher
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York 10016
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Kathryn J. Moore
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York 10016
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
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15
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Caslin HL, Bhanot M, Bolus WR, Hasty AH. Adipose tissue macrophages: Unique polarization and bioenergetics in obesity. Immunol Rev 2020; 295:101-113. [PMID: 32237081 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages comprise a majority of the resident immune cells in adipose tissue (AT) and regulate both tissue homeostasis in the lean state and metabolic dysregulation in obesity. Since the AT environment rapidly changes based upon systemic energy status, AT macrophages (ATMs) must adapt phenotypically and metabolically. There is a distinct dichotomy in the polarization and bioenergetics of in vitro models, with M2 macrophages utilizing oxidative phosphorylation (OX PHOS) and M1 macrophages utilizing glycolysis. Early studies suggested differential polarization of ATMs, with M2-like macrophages predominant in lean AT and M1-like macrophages in obese AT. However, recent studies show that the phenotypic plasticity of ATMs is far more complicated, which is also reflected in their bioenergetics. Multiple ATM populations exist along the M2 to M1 continuum and appear to utilize both glycolysis and OX PHOS in obesity. The significance of the dual fuel bioenergetics is unclear and may be related to an intermediate polarization, their buffering capacity, or the result of a mixed population of distinct polarized ATMs. Recent evidence also suggests that ATMs of lean mice serve as a substrate buffer or reservoir to modulate lipid, catecholamine, and iron availability. Furthermore, recent models of weight loss and weight cycling reveal additional roles for ATMs in systemic metabolism. Evaluating ATM phenotype and intracellular metabolism together may more accurately illuminate the consequences of ATM accumulation in obese AT, lending further insight into obesity-related comorbidities in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Caslin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Monica Bhanot
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - W Reid Bolus
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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17
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Ruiz HH, Díez RL, Arivazahagan L, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e166-e174. [PMID: 31242034 PMCID: PMC6693645 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes remain leading causes of reduced health span and life span throughout the world. Hence, it is not surprising that these areas are at the center of highly active areas of research. The identification of novel mechanisms underlying these metabolic disorders sets the stage for uncovering new potential therapeutic strategies. In this issue of Highlights in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, we review recently published papers in the journal that add to our understanding of causes and consequences of obesity and diabetes and how these disorders impact metabolic function. Collectively, these studies in cultured cells to in vivo animal models to human subjects add to the growing body of evidence that both cell-intrinsic and cell-cell communication mechanisms collaborate in metabolic disorders to cause obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Ruiz
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Raquel López Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Lakshmi Arivazahagan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
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18
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Inflammation and type 2 diabetes: from basic science to treatment. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:411-412. [PMID: 31240442 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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