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Balkin TJ, Simonelli G, Riedy S. Negative health outcomes in long sleepers: The societal sleep restriction hypothesis. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 77:101968. [PMID: 38936221 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Society imposes work and school schedules, as well as social expectations, that militate against consistently obtaining more than 7-9 h of sleep every 24 h. For most but not all adults this sleep duration is adequate. But among those who consistently obtain more than 9 h of sleep per day ("long sleepers"), there likely exists a subpopulation of individuals who are nevertheless failing to obtain enough sleep to satisfy their physiological sleep needs - a consequence of "restricting" their daily sleep durations to whatever extent they can tolerate so as to conform as closely as possible to society's norms and expectations. It is hypothesized that the 'long sleep arm' of the seemingly paradoxical U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and negative health outcomes can be explained, at least in part, by the existence of a subpopulation of such 'sleep-restricted long sleepers.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Balkin
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Guido Simonelli
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Integre Universitaire de Sante et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samantha Riedy
- Behavioral Biology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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2
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Liu X, Lu B, Huang H. Investigation of the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarker APTAF1 of sleep deprivation and mild cognitive impairment using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1387569. [PMID: 38694919 PMCID: PMC11061425 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1387569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The relationship between sleep loss and cognitive impairment has long been widely recognized, but there is still a lack of complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential biomarkers. The purpose of this study is to further explore the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarkers between sleep loss and cognitive impairment. Methods: The mitochondria-related genes and gene expression data were downloaded from the MitoCarta3.0 and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We identified the differentially expressed mitochondrial-related genes by combing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sleep deprivation (SD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) datasets with mitochondria-related gene lists. Shared DEGs were then further analyzed for enrichment analysis. Next, the common biomarker was identified using two machine learning techniques and further validated using two independent GEO datasets. Then GSEA and GSVA were conducted to analyze the functional categories and pathways enriched for the common biomarker. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was used to investigate the correlation of immune cell infiltration with the common biomarker in SD and MCI. Results: A total of 32 mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes were identified in SD and MCI. GO analysis indicated that these genes were significantly enriched for mitochondrial transport, and KEGG analysis showed they were mainly involved in pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, ATPAF1, which was significantly down-regulated in both SD and MCI, was identified through machine learning algorithms as the common biomarker with favorable diagnostic performance. GSEA and GSVA revealed that ATPAF1 was mainly involved in metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, acetylcholine metabolic process, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression of ATPAF1 was correlated with changes in immune cells, especially those key immune cell types associated with SD and MCI. Discussion: This study firstly revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the common pathogenesis of sleep loss and mild cognitive impairment and identified ATPAF1 as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target involved in SD and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baili Lu
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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3
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Dalferth TF, Nunes ML, Furini CRG. Sleep deprivation in early life: Cellular and behavioral impacts. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105597. [PMID: 38387838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has become increasingly prevalent in contemporary society, and the consequences of this reality such as cognitive impairment and metabolic disorders, are widely investigated in the scientific scenario. However, the impact of sleep deprivation on the health of future generations is a challenge, and researchers are focusing their attention on this issue. Thus, this review aims to describe the impact of sleep deprivation in early life in animal models, particularly rodents, discussing the molecular physiology impacted by prolonged wakefulness in early life, as well as the changes that interfere with neurodevelopmental processes. Additionally, it explores the changes impacting metabolic mechanisms and discusses both the short- and long-term consequences of these processes on endocrine, behavioral, and cognitive functions. Finally, we briefly address some strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais F Dalferth
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - 3rd floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Magda L Nunes
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Brain Institute (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R G Furini
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - 3rd floor, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil.
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Iwagami M, Seol J, Hiei T, Tani A, Chiba S, Kanbayashi T, Kondo H, Tanaka T, Yanagisawa M. Association between electroencephalogram-based sleep characteristics and physical health in the general adult population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21545. [PMID: 38066043 PMCID: PMC10709300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations between electroencephalogram (EEG)-based sleep characteristics and physical health parameters in general adults via a cross-sectional study recruiting 100 volunteers aged 30-59 years. Sleep characteristics were measured at home using a portable multichannel electroencephalography recorder. Using the k-means + + clustering method, according to 10 EEG-based parameters, participants were grouped into better (n = 39), middle (n = 46), and worse (n = 15) sleep groups. Comparing 50 physical health parameters among the groups, we identified four signals of difference (P < 0.05), including systolic (sBP) and diastolic blood pressure (dBP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), and serum creatinine, where sBP reached a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 0.001). The sBP was higher by 7.9 (95% confidence interval 1.9-13.9) and 15.7 (7.3-24.0) mmHg before adjustment and 5.4 (- 0.1-10.9) and 8.7 (1.1-16.3) mmHg after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, drinking habits, and 3% oxygen desaturation index in the middle and worse sleep groups, respectively, than in the better group. As another approach, among 500 combinations of EEG-based and physical health parameters, there were 45 signals of correlation, of which 4 (N1% and sBP, dBP, γ-GTP, and triglycerides) reached a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 0.0001). Thus, EEG-based sleep characteristics are associated with several physical health parameters, particularly sBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Iwagami
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Department of Health Services Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Jaehoon Seol
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH), Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8585, Japan
- R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hiei
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tani
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry, 654 Asahimachi, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1717, Japan
- Minamisaitama Hospital, 252 Masumori, Koshigaya, Ibaraki, 343-0012, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanbayashi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry, 654 Asahimachi, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1717, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kondo
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- KRD Nihombashi, 4-4-2 Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- S'UIMIN Inc., 1-51-1 Hatsudai, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0061, Japan.
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5
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Javaheri FSH, Ostadrahimi AR, Nematy M, Arabi SM, Amini M. The effects of low calorie, high protein diet on body composition, duration and sleep quality on obese adults: A randomized clinical trial. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1699. [PMID: 38028703 PMCID: PMC10652319 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The effects of high-protein diets on regulating sleep have received research attention in recent decades. However, no studies have examined the effects of these diets in obese adults. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of low-calorie high protein diets on sleep quality in obese adults. Methods This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 60 obese adults (BMI > 29.9 kg/m2) diagnosed with low-quality sleep. All participants were given a diet with a 750-calorie energy deficit. While the control group was given a normal diet, the intervention group received a diet with 30% more protein. Results The results showed a significant difference between the control group and intervention group with respect to sleep apnea at 30-, 60-, and 90-day follow-up (p < 0.01). Sleep quality, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), sleep latency (SL), and polysomnography were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05), showing an improvement in sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study shows that low-calorie high-protein diets can effectively improve apnea, sleep quality, and body composition indices in obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. R. Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Arabi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of MedicineNeyshabur University of Medical SciencesNeyshaburIran
- Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahnaz Amini
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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6
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Taji W, Pierson R, Ujma PP. Protocol of the Budapest sleep, experiences, and traits study: An accessible resource for understanding associations between daily experiences, individual differences, and objectively measured sleep. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288909. [PMID: 37856524 PMCID: PMC10586695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is both a neurophysiological state and a biologically necessary behavior that performs a variety of indispensable roles for human health, development, and cognitive functioning. Despite this, comparatively little is known about the relationships between daily experiences and sleep features. Importantly, these relationships are bidirectional in nature, may be differently associated with subjectively and objectively assessed sleep, and may also be modulated by individual differences To address this challenge, we created the Budapest Sleep, Experiences, and Traits Study (BSETS), a multidisciplinary observational sleep study utilizing novel remote EEG devices. BSETS was designed to establish a dataset for future use in investigating the relationships between sleep features and daily experiences. In this paper we describe the protocol of the currently ongoing BSETS, which examines a community-dwelling sample of over 250 healthy participants who are studied in a naturalistic setting using a large questionnaire assessing psychological, demographic, and anthropometric information, as well as evening/morning diaries of sleep and daily experiences, and mobile EEG recordings over a period of 7 days. This dataset will become an accessible resource to the wider scientific community and can be utilized to investigate the complex multidirectional relationships between objectively and subjectively measured sleep, daily experiences, and individual differences, bestowing it with significant value for sleep researchers as well as practitioners working in clinical settings with patients suffering from disordered sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Taji
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Pierson
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that short sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of cardio-metabolic health outcomes including cardiovascular disease mortality, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Experimental sleep restriction studies have sought to explain these findings. This review describes the main evidence of these associations and possible mechanisms explaining them. Whether sleep extension reverses these now widely acknowledged adverse health effects and the feasibility of implementing such strategies on a public health level is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roo Killick
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lachlan Stranks
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The University of Adelaide, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Camilla M Hoyos
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, Australia.
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8
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Lin CY, Lin KP, Hsueh MC, Liao Y. Associations of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with sleep in older adults. J Formos Med Assoc 2023:S0929-6646(23)00296-6. [PMID: 37586972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the non-linear relationships of objectively-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with insomnia symptoms in older adults. We investigated such relationships of sedentary and physically-active behaviors with total sleep time and nocturnal wakefulness. METHODS We recruited adults aged 60 years and above who have received health check-ups or been to geriatric outpatient services from a hospital setting. Sedentary and physically-active behaviors, total sleep time, and wakefulness time after sleep onset were measured by Actigraphy, and their relationships were estimated using generalized additive models. RESULTS The 157 older adults receiving health-related services slept 7.5 h (20.8 min awake) on average per day. Total sleep time was negatively associated with sedentary and physically-active behaviors. By contrast, a U-shape relationship was found between sedentary behavior and wakefulness time after sleep onset, with a turning point at a daily sedentary time of 10.9 h. CONCLUSION Longer high-intensity physical activity time was related to a shorter wakefulness time after sleep onset. By contrast, daily sedentary time longer than 10.9 h was related to shorter total sleep time but more nocturnal wakefulness time. Future nonpharmacological strategies for sleep improvement should consider the sedentary threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Kun-Pei Lin
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung Liao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan; Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, College of Sports and Recreation, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Wirth J, Hillesheim E, Brennan L. Protein intake and its effect on sleep outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:333-345. [PMID: 36083207 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Poor sleep is increasingly seen as an issue of public health concern. In recent years, there has been growing interest in protein as a route to improve sleep outcomes; however, the evidence is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To examine, using a systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect of increased protein intake (≥1 g/kg//d, ≥25% of total energy intake, or protein supplementation of ≥10 g/d/) on sleep outcomes in adults. METHODS On November 30, 2021, 5 electronic databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL Plus). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool, version 2.0. DATA EXTRACTION Five sleep outcomes were included in this systematic review (sleep quality [SQ], sleep latency [SL], sleep efficiency [SEff], sleep time [ST], wake episodes, and other sleep outcomes) and 4 in the meta-analysis (SQ, SL, SEff, and ST). The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. DATA ANALYSIS Twelve intervention studies reported on in 10 articles were included. The qualitative analyses showed that increased protein consumption has little influence on sleep outcomes. Only subjective SQ was positively associated with protein consumption in a few studies. Meta-analyses also showed no significant effect of increased protein intake on sleep outcomes (number of studies for SQ, ST, SL, and SEff: 8, 8, 7, and 6, respectively), with very low certainty of evidence. However, results from sensitivity analyses, excluding high-risk studies, suggest a small effect on SQ in favor of high protein intake (mean difference, -4.28; 95%CI, -7.77, -0.79; on a scale from 0 to 100). CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate there is no clear relationship between increased protein intake and sleep. However, the strength of the evidence is low and more randomized controlled trials that focus on this specific research question are warranted. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020196021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Wirth
- are with the UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- are with the UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elaine Hillesheim
- are with the UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- are with the UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- are with the UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- are with the UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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10
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Amiri-Ardekani E, Kazemi A, Sasani N, Fanfulla F, Clark CC. The association of meal glycemic index/load with quantitative and qualitative indicators of sleep: a systematic review. Minerva Med 2022; 113:1008-1016. [PMID: 33949181 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to systematically review the association between meal glycemic index or glycemic load and sleep indicators. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to March 2021. Both observational and clinical trials studies, with both male and female participants of all ages, were included. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 10 studies were included in this review; six with clinical trial and four with cross-sectional design. Among the six clinical trial, three studies indicated a significant effect of high glycemic index on sleep (two in young male athletes [N.=8 and N.=9] and one in adults [N.=8]), while three others failed to detect any significant effect (young males [N.=12], children [N.=8], toddlers [N.=56]). Among the cross-sectional studies, high glycemic index meals were associated with improved sleep duration or quality in two studies (594 toddlers and 1848 adults), however, contrastingly, were also associated with sleep disturbances (108 students and 53,069 postmenopausal women). CONCLUSIONS High glycemic index meals likely improve sleep onset latency in young males. For other indicators of sleep quality and other population groups, the results are equivocal. Most of the available studies were conducted in special population groups and were inadequately designed; whilst clinical trials were of short duration and small sample sizes. Therefore, further well-designed clinical trials are required before further definitive conclusions can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran -
| | - Najmeh Sasani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Francesco Fanfulla
- Respiratory Function and Sleep Unit, Scientific Institute of Pavia and Montescano, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cain C Clark
- Center for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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11
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Petersen MC, Gallop MR, Flores Ramos S, Zarrinpar A, Broussard JL, Chondronikola M, Chaix A, Klein S. Complex physiology and clinical implications of time-restricted eating. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1991-2034. [PMID: 35834774 PMCID: PMC9423781 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary intervention that limits food consumption to a specific time window each day. The effect of TRE on body weight and physiological functions has been extensively studied in rodent models, which have shown considerable therapeutic effects of TRE and important interactions among time of eating, circadian biology, and metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, it is difficult to make firm conclusions regarding the effect of TRE in people because of the heterogeneity in results, TRE regimens, and study populations. In this review, we 1) provide a background of the history of meal consumption in people and the normal physiology of eating and fasting; 2) discuss the interaction between circadian molecular metabolism and TRE; 3) integrate the results of preclinical and clinical studies that evaluated the effects of TRE on body weight and physiological functions; 4) summarize other time-related dietary interventions that have been studied in people; and 4) identify current gaps in knowledge and provide a framework for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max C Petersen
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Molly R Gallop
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Stephany Flores Ramos
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Josiane L Broussard
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Maria Chondronikola
- Departments of Nutrition and Radiology, University of California, Davis, California
- Departments of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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12
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van den Ende ES, Merten H, Van der Roest L, Toussaint B, van Rijn Q, Keesenberg M, Lodders AM, van Veldhuizen K, Vos IE, Hoekstra S, Nanayakkara PWB. Evaluation of Nonpharmacologic Interventions and Sleep Outcomes in Hospitalized Medical and Surgical Patients: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2232623. [PMID: 36129708 PMCID: PMC9494194 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.32623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inadequate sleep negatively affects patients' physical health, mental well-being, and recovery. Nonpharmacologic interventions are recommended as first-choice treatment. However, studies evaluating the interventions are often of poor quality and show equivocal results. OBJECTIVE To assess whether the implementation of nonpharmacologic interventions is associated with improved inpatient night sleep. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In a nonrandomized controlled trial, patients were recruited on the acute medical unit and medical and surgical wards of a Dutch academic hospital. All adults who spent exactly 1 full night in the hospital were recruited between September 1, 2019, and May 31, 2020 (control group), received usual care. Patients recruited between September 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021, served as the intervention group. The intervention group received earplugs, an eye mask, and aromatherapy. Nurses received sleep-hygiene training, and in the acute medical unit, the morning medication and vital sign measurement rounds were postponed from the night shift to the day shift. All interventions were developed in collaboration with patients, nurses, and physicians. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Sleep was measured using actigraphy and the Dutch-Flemish Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep disturbance item bank. Other outcomes included patient-reported sleep disturbing factors and the use of sleep-enhancing tools. RESULTS A total of 374 patients were included (222 control, 152 intervention; median age, 65 [IQR, 52-74] years). Of these, 331 were included in the analysis (195 [59%] men). Most patients (138 [77%] control, 127 [84%] intervention) were in the acute medical unit. The total sleep time was 40 minutes longer in the intervention group (control: median, 6 hours and 5 minutes [IQR, 4 hours and 55 minutes to 7 hours and 4 minutes]; intervention: 6 hours and 45 minutes [IQR, 5 hours and 47 minutes to 7 hours and 39 minutes]; P < .001). This was mainly due to a 30-minute delay in final wake time (median clock-time: control, 6:30 am [IQR, 6:00 am to 7:22 am]; intervention, 7:00 am [IQR, 6:30-7:30 am]; P < .001). Sleep quality did not differ significantly between groups. For both groups, the main sleep-disturbing factors were noises, pain, toilet visits, and being awakened by hospital staff. Sleep masks (23 of 147 [16%]) and earplugs (17 of 147 [12%]) were used most. Nightly vital sign checks decreased significantly (control: 54%; intervention: 11%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that sleep of hospitalized patients may be significantly improved with nonpharmacologic interventions. Postponement of morning vital sign checks and medication administration rounds from the night to the day shift may be a useful way to achieve this. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NL7995.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva S. van den Ende
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Merten
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Van der Roest
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Belle Toussaint
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Quirine van Rijn
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Keesenberg
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne M. Lodders
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kim van Veldhuizen
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris E. Vos
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Hoekstra
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Prabath W. B. Nanayakkara
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Gu H, Ru Y, Wang W, Cai G, Gu L, Ye J, Zhang WB, Wang L. Orexin-A Reverse Bone Mass Loss Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Through OX1R-Nrf2/HIF-1α Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2145-2160. [PMID: 35818538 PMCID: PMC9270907 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s363286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest that there is a potential connection between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and osteoporosis through dysregulation of bone metabolism. Orexin-A, a neuroprotective peptide secreted by the hypothalamus, is at a lower level in the plasma of OSA patients, which regulates appetite, energy expenditure and sleep-wake states. However, the protective effect of orexin-A on bone metabolism in OSA is unclear. Purpose To investigate whether the activation of OX1R by orexin-A can reverse bone mass loss induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Methods Mice were randomly divided into the normoxia group and CIH group. Within the CIH or normoxia groups, treatment groups were given a subcutaneous injection of either orexin-A or saline vehicle once every day for 4 weeks and then femurs were removed for micro-CT scans. Histology and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe and calculate the changes in femurs as a result of hypoxia. Cell immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of orexin receptors in MC3T3-E1 cells or in bones. CCK-8 assay, ALP assay kit and alizarin red staining were used to detect the viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and capacity of mineralization, respectively. The effect of orexin-A on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells was evaluated using qRT-PCR, Western blot and cell staining. Results CIH led to a decrease in the amount and density of trabecular bone, downregulated OCN expression while increasing osteoclast numbers in femurs and inhibited the expression of RUNX2, OSX, OPN and Nrf2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. Orexin-A treatment alleviated these CIH-induced effects by combining to OX1R. The level of HIF-1α was elevated both in CIH and orexin-A treatment groups. Conclusion CIH environment inhibits osteogenesis and orexin-A can reverse bone mass loss induced by CIH through OX1R-Nrf2/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Ru
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Guanhui Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Lanxin Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Bing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, People′s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wei-Bing Zhang, Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, 9 Chongwen Road, Suzhou, 215000, People′s Republic of China, Tel +86-512-67505200, Email
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Lin Wang, Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, People′s Republic of China, Tel +86-025-69593060, Email
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14
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Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that short sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of cardio-metabolic health outcomes including cardiovascular disease mortality, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Experimental sleep restriction studies have sought to explain these findings. This review describes the main evidence of these associations and possible mechanisms explaining them. Whether sleep extension reverses these now widely acknowledged adverse health effects and the feasibility of implementing such strategies on a public health level is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roo Killick
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lachlan Stranks
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The University of Adelaide, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Camilla M Hoyos
- Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, Australia.
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15
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Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin 2022; 17:117-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Al-Ajlouni YA, Park SH, Alawa J, Dodin B, Shamaileh G, Makarem N, Keyes KM, Duncan DT. Staying Physically Active Is Associated with Better Mental Health and Sleep Health Outcomes during the Initial Period of COVID-19 Induced Nation-Wide Lockdown in Jordan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020776. [PMID: 35055598 PMCID: PMC8776168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Jordan, a Middle Eastern country, initially responded to an outbreak of COVID-19 cases within its own borders by imposing a 7-week strict lockdown and closure of international and domestic travel. Such measures drastically influenced lifestyle behaviors of the population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of physical activity, and its association with mental and sleep health outcomes among Jordanians during a period of COVID-19 induced lockdown. Validated questionnaires were administered using a web-based platform to evaluate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), anxiety and depressive symptoms, sleep health, and sociodemographic characteristics. A modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared to participants who met the guidelines, those who did not had significantly higher prevalence of moderate or severe anxiety symptoms than that of minimal or mild anxiety symptoms and increased depressive symptoms. Insufficient MVPA was associated with higher prevalence of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration (<7 h) and sleep problems. Overall, sufficient MVPA was associated with better mental and sleep health during the COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown in Jordan. While further research is necessary, promoting physical activity during the lockdown could potentially improve mental and sleep health outcomes among the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan A. Al-Ajlouni
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.H.P.); (N.M.); (K.M.K.); (D.T.D.)
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(914)-484-1014
| | - Su Hyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.H.P.); (N.M.); (K.M.K.); (D.T.D.)
| | - Jude Alawa
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Ban Dodin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Ghaith Shamaileh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA;
| | - Nour Makarem
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.H.P.); (N.M.); (K.M.K.); (D.T.D.)
| | - Katherine M. Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.H.P.); (N.M.); (K.M.K.); (D.T.D.)
| | - Dustin T. Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA; (S.H.P.); (N.M.); (K.M.K.); (D.T.D.)
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17
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Craven J, McCartney D, Desbrow B, Sabapathy S, Bellinger P, Roberts L, Irwin C. Effects of Acute Sleep Loss on Physical Performance: A Systematic and Meta-Analytical Review. Sports Med 2022; 52:2669-2690. [PMID: 35708888 PMCID: PMC9584849 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep loss may influence subsequent physical performance. Quantifying the impact of sleep loss on physical performance is critical for individuals involved in athletic pursuits. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SEARCH AND INCLUSION Studies were identified via the Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO online databases. Investigations measuring exercise performance under 'control' (i.e., normal sleep, > 6 h in any 24 h period) and 'intervention' (i.e., sleep loss, ≤ 6 h sleep in any 24 h period) conditions were included. Performance tasks were classified into different exercise categories (anaerobic power, speed/power endurance, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), strength, endurance, strength-endurance, and skill). Multi-level random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted, including subgroup analyses to explore the influence of sleep-loss protocol (e.g., deprivation, restriction, early [delayed sleep onset] and late restriction [earlier than normal waking]), time of day the exercise task was performed (AM vs. PM) and body limb strength (upper vs. lower body). RESULTS Overall, 227 outcome measures (anaerobic power: n = 58; speed/power endurance: n = 32; HIIE: n = 27; strength: n = 66; endurance: n = 22; strength-endurance: n = 9; skill: n = 13) derived from 69 publications were included. Results indicated a negative impact of sleep loss on the percentage change (%Δ) in exercise performance (n = 959 [89%] male; mean %Δ = - 7.56%, 95% CI - 11.9 to - 3.13, p = 0.001, I2 = 98.1%). Effects were significant for all exercise categories. Subgroup analyses indicated that the pattern of sleep loss (i.e., deprivation, early and late restriction) preceding exercise is an important factor, with consistent negative effects only observed with deprivation and late-restriction protocols. A significant positive relationship was observed between time awake prior to the exercise task and %Δ in performance for both deprivation and late-restriction protocols (~ 0.4% decrease for every hour awake prior to exercise). The negative effects of sleep loss on different exercise tasks performed in the PM were consistent, while tasks performed in the AM were largely unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Sleep loss appears to have a negative impact on exercise performance. If sleep loss is anticipated and unavoidable, individuals should avoid situations that lead to experiencing deprivation or late restriction, and prioritise morning exercise in an effort to maintain performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Craven
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia ,Queensland Academy of Sport, Nathan, QLD Australia
| | - Danielle McCartney
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Surendran Sabapathy
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Phillip Bellinger
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia ,Griffith Sports Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
| | - Llion Roberts
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia ,Griffith Sports Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia ,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222 Australia
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Jeong SH, Jang BN, Kim SH, Kim GR, Park EC, Jang SI. Association between sedentary time and sleep quality based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among South Korean adults. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2290. [PMID: 34911512 PMCID: PMC8675446 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep problems increase the risk of premature illness and death. We evaluated the association between sedentary time and sleep quality among South Korean adults. Methods The data of adults (aged ≥ 19 years) from the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey were analyzed. Sedentary time, which included hours spent sitting or lying down daily, was categorized into four standardized groups. Poor sleep quality was defined using the global cutoff point (> 5 points) of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between sedentary time (≤ 3.9, 4.0–5.9, 6.0–7.9, and ≥ 8 hours /day) and sleep quality, by sex. Results Of the 224,118 participants, 35,784/100,454 men (35.6%) and 58,271/123,664 women (47.1%) had poor sleep quality. Compared with ≤ 3.9 h/day, sedentary times 4.0–5.9, 6.0–7.9, and ≥ 8 h/day were associated with worse sleep quality among men (odds ratio [OR]: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.16; OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14–1.25; OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.25–1.34, respectively) and women (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.10; OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.08–1.16; OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18–1.26, respectively). In subgroup analyses of sleep quality, subjective sleep quality, latency, disturbance, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction showed a strong dose-response relationship with increasing sedentary time in both sexes. Conclusions Regardless of sex, the longer the sedentary time, the stronger the association with poor sleep quality. Nationwide efforts are required to recommend standards for sedentary time and develop evidenced-based healthy behavior guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Jeong
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bich Na Jang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Ri Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Abstract
Es hat sich viel getan in der Welt der Schlafmedizin in der Kardiologie, weshalb eine vollwertige Überarbeitung des Positionspapiers „Schlafmedizin in der Kardiologie“ erforderlich wurde. In der aktuellen neuartigen Version finden sich nicht nur alle verfügbaren Studien, Literaturstellen und Updates zu Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik- und Therapieempfehlungen, sondern auch Ausblicke auf neue Entwicklungen und zukünftige Forschungserkenntnisse. Dieses überarbeitete Positionspapier gibt Empfehlungen für Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen mit schlafassoziierten Atmungsstörungen und erteilt darüber hinaus einen fundierten Überblick über verfügbare Therapien und Evidenzen, gibt aber ebenso Ratschläge wie mit Komorbiditäten umzugehen ist. Insbesondere enthält dieses überarbeitete Positionspapier aktualisierte Stellungnahmen zu schlafassoziierten Atmungsstörungen bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzerkrankung, Herzinsuffizienz, arterieller Hypertonie, aber auch für Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern. Darüber hinaus finden sich erstmals Empfehlungen zur Telemedizin als eigenes, neues Kapitel. Dieses Positionspapier bietet Kardiologen sowie Ärzten in der Behandlung von kardiovaskulären Patienten die Möglichkeit einer evidenzbasierten Behandlung der wachsend bedeutsamen und mit zunehmender Aufmerksamkeit behafteten Komorbidität schlafassoziierter Atmungsstörungen. Und nicht zuletzt besteht mit diesem neuen Positionspapier eine enge Verknüpfung mit dem neuen Curriculum Schlafmedizin der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie, weshalb dieses Positionspapier eine Orientierung für die erworbenen Fähigkeiten des Curriculums im Umgang von kardiovaskulären Patienten mit schlafassoziierten Atmungsstörungen darstellt.
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20
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A Systematic Review on the Effects of Nonpharmacological Sleep Interventions on Cardiometabolic Risk or Disease Outcomes. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 35:184-198. [PMID: 31985700 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many authors of epidemiological studies have documented the detrimental effects of insufficient or poor sleep on cardiometabolic health. However, little is known about the effects of sleep interventions on the individuals with cardiometabolic risks/diseases. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to evaluate the mediating effects of nonpharmacological sleep interventions, which were defined as interventions not involving the use of medications or invasive methods to alter sleep, on cardiometabolic outcomes among adults with cardiometabolic risks/diseases. METHODS A systematic search of randomized controlled trials was conducted in 5 electronic databases from inception to November 2019. The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes of this review was the effects of nonpharmacological sleep interventions on sleep and cardiometabolic outcomes among the adults with cardiometabolic risks/diseases as compared with any control methods. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility for inclusion and methodological quality. Narrative analysis was performed when meta-analysis was not appropriate. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies included exercise-based, sleep hygiene, and cognitive behavioral therapy interventions to improve sleep among adults who are overweight or obese and patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. All of the exercise-based interventions were effective in improving sleep, but not to an extent that can positively influence cardiometabolic health. The mediating effects on cardiometabolic risks were more apparent for the sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapy interventions, despite the small number of pilot-scale studies in this area. CONCLUSION The mediating effects of sleep improvement on cardiometabolic risk/disease control were inconclusive. More research to examine the effect of sleep-related risk-factor modification on cardiovascular health is warranted.
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Przybylko G, Morton D, Kent L, Morton J, Hinze J, Beamish P, Renfrew M. The effectiveness of an online interdisciplinary intervention for mental health promotion: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:77. [PMID: 33975645 PMCID: PMC8111974 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need for efficacious interventions to combat the global mental health crisis, and mental health promotion and primary prevention approaches are paramount. The aim of this study is to examine whether an online interdisciplinary intervention that incorporates evidence-based strategies from the disciplines of Lifestyle Medicine and Positive Psychology improves measures of mental health and emotional wellness. METHODS A randomized controlled trial with a wait-list control (N = 425, aged 46.97 ± 14.5, 69.9% females) was conducted in Australia and New Zealand. The intervention group participated in a 10-week online interdisciplinary intervention. Primary outcome measures of mental health and emotional wellness were taken at baseline (Week 1), post-intervention (Week 12), and 12 weeks post-intervention (Week 24). The wait-list control completed the same assessments. RESULTS General Linear Modelling analyses indicated that the intervention group experienced significantly greater improvements than the wait-list control group over time in all outcome measures: mental health (F(319) = 7.326, p = 0.007) and vitality (F(319) = 9.445, p = 0.002) subscales of the Short Form Survey (SF-36); depression (F(319) = 7.841, p = 0.005), anxiety (F(319) = 4.440, p = 0.36) and stress (F(319) = 12.494, p < 0.001) scales of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and life satisfaction (F(319) = 8.731, p = 0.003) as measured by the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Within the intervention group, significant improvements were observed from Week 1 to 12 in all outcome measures: mental health (10%, t(167) = - 6.423), p < 0.001, dz = 0.50), vitality (22%, t(167) = - 7.043, p < 0.001, dz = 0.54), depression (- 41%, t(167) = 6.189, p < 0.001, dz = 0.48), anxiety (- 38%, t(167) = 5.030, p < 0.001, dz = 0.39), stress (- 31%, t(167) = 6.702, p < 0.001, dz = 0.52) and life satisfaction (8%, t(167) = - 6.199, p < 0.001, dz = 0.48). Improvements in the outcome measures remained significant in the intervention group at 12 weeks post-intervention. CONCLUSION The online interdisciplinary intervention improved measures of mental health and emotional wellness suggesting that such interventions may be useful for mental health promotion and prevention. Trial registration The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. ACTRN12619000993190. Registered on 12 July 2019 (Retrospectively registered). The ANZCTRN is part of the WHO Primary Registries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Przybylko
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia.
| | - Darren Morton
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Lillian Kent
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Jason Morton
- Faculty of Education, Business and Science, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Jason Hinze
- Faculty of Education, Business and Science, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Peter Beamish
- Faculty of Education, Business and Science, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Mel Renfrew
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University College, 582 Freemans Drive, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
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22
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Templeman I, Smith HA, Walhin JP, Middleton B, Gonzalez JT, Karagounis LG, Johnston JD, Betts JA. Unacylated ghrelin, leptin, and appetite display diurnal rhythmicity in lean adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1534-1543. [PMID: 33703941 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00920.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Constant routine and forced desynchrony protocols typically remove the effects of behavioral/environmental cues to examine endogenous circadian rhythms, yet this may not reflect rhythms of appetite regulation in the real world. It is therefore important to understand these rhythms within the same subjects under controlled diurnal conditions of light, sleep, and feeding. Ten healthy adults (9 M/1 F, means ±SD: age, 30 ± 10 yr; body mass index, 24.1 ± 2.7 kg·m-2) rested supine in the laboratory for 37 h. All data were collected during the final 24 h of this period (i.e., 0800-0800 h). Participants were fed hourly isocaloric liquid meal replacements alongside appetite assessments during waking before a sleep opportunity from 2200 to 0700 h. Hourly blood samples were collected throughout the 24-h period. Dim light melatonin onset occurred at 2318 ± 46 min. A diurnal rhythm in mean plasma unacylated ghrelin concentration was identified (P = 0.04), with the acrophase occurring shortly after waking (0819), falling to a nadir in the evening with a relative amplitude of 9%. Plasma leptin concentration also exhibited a diurnal rhythm (P < 0.01), with the acrophase occurring shortly after lights-out (0032 h) and the lowest concentrations at midday. The amplitude for this rhythm was 25%. Diurnal rhythms were established in all dimensions of appetite except for sweet preference (P = 0.29), with both hunger (2103 h) and prospective food consumption (1955 h) reaching their peak in the evening before falling to their nadir shortly after waking. Under controlled diurnal conditions, simultaneous measurement of leptin, unacylated ghrelin, and subjective appetite over a 24-h period revealed rhythmicity in appetite regulation in lean, healthy humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Simultaneous assessment of subjective appetite, unacylated ghrelin, and leptin was carried out over a continuous 37-h protocol for the first time under conditions of controlled light, sleep, and feeding in healthy, lean adults. Rhythms were observed in unacylated ghrelin, leptin, and components of subjective appetite, such as hunger, prospective consumption, and fullness. Concurrent measurement of rhythms in these variables is important to fully understand the temporal relationships between components of appetite as well as the influence of diurnal factors such as sleep, light, and feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Templeman
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Harry A Smith
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Philippe Walhin
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Benita Middleton
- Section of Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Javier T Gonzalez
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Leonidas G Karagounis
- Nestlé Health Science, Translation Research, Vevey, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan D Johnston
- Section of Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - James A Betts
- Department for Health, Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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23
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Ferreira MB, de Almeida F, Soro JC, Herter MM, Pinto DC, Silva CS. On the Relation Between Over-Indebtedness and Well-Being: An Analysis of the Mechanisms Influencing Health, Sleep, Life Satisfaction, and Emotional Well-Being. Front Psychol 2021; 12:591875. [PMID: 33995172 PMCID: PMC8116657 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.591875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the association between over-indebtedness and two facets of well-being - life satisfaction and emotional well-being. Although prior research has associated over-indebtedness with lower life satisfaction, this study contributes to the extant literature by revealing its effects on emotional well-being, which is a crucial component of well-being that has received less attention. Besides subjective well-being (SWB), reported health, and sleep quality were also assessed. The findings suggest that over-indebted (compared to non-over-indebted) consumers have lower life satisfaction and emotional well-being, as well as poorer (reported) health and sleep quality. Furthermore, over-indebtedness impacts life satisfaction and emotional well-being through different mechanisms. Consumers decreased perceived control accounts for the impact of over-indebtedness on both facets of well-being (as well as on reported health and sleep). Financial well-being (a specific component of life satisfaction), partly mediates the impact of indebtedness status on overall life satisfaction. The current study contributes to research focusing on the relationship between indebtedness, well-being, health, and sleep quality, and provides relevant theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário B Ferreira
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa de Almeida
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jerônimo C Soro
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Diego Costa Pinto
- NOVA Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Sofia Silva
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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24
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Matziridis A, Tsiptsios D, Manolis A, Ouranidis A, Triantafyllis AS, Tsamakis K, Serdari A, Leontidou E, Terzoudi A, Dragioti E, Steiropoulos P, Tripsianis G. Sleep insufficiency and incident diabetes mellitus among indigenous and minority populations in Greece. Sleep Sci 2021; 14:101-110. [PMID: 35082978 PMCID: PMC8764944 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the potential association between sleep pathology and diabetes mellitus (DM) using self-reported questionnaires. Material and Methods 957 adults aged between 19 and 86 years old were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was used and subjects were classified into three groups [short (<6h), normal (6-8h) and long (>8h) sleep duration]. Individuals were classified as diabetics if they responded positively to the questions: “Have you ever been told that you are diabetic or have high blood sugar by a health professional?” or “Are you on antidiabetic medication?”. Sleep quality, utilizing Epworth sleepiness scale, Athens insomnia scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Berlin questionnaire, was also examined. Results DM prevalence was higher among expatriated and Muslim Greeks (23.1% and 18.7%, respectively) compared to indigenous Greek Christians (4.4%). DM prevalence was significantly associated with short sleep duration (aOR=2.82, p<0.001), excessive daytime sleepiness (aOR=2.09, p=0.019) and poor sleep quality (aOR=2.56, p<0.001), while its relation with insomnia (aOR=1.63, p=0.065) and risk for obstructive sleep apnea (aOR=1.53, p=0.080) were of marginal statistical significance. Conclusion This study indicates an association between sleep quantity, quality and DM and supports early pharmacological and cognitive behavioral interventions on sleep disturbances in order to reduce the burden of DM with increased focus on minority population needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anestis Matziridis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- South Tyneside & Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology - Sunderland - Tyne & Wear - United Kingdom
| | - Apostolos Manolis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Andreas Ouranidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering - Thessaloniki - Central Macedonia - Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- King's College, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience - London - United Kingdom
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Eleni Leontidou
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Aikaterini Terzoudi
- Democritus University of Thrace, Neurology Department - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences - Linköping - Linköping - Sweden
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Pneumonology - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
| | - Gregory Tripsianis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece
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25
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Association between Sleep Duration, Physical Activity, and Mental Health Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health 2017-2018. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5585678. [PMID: 33816615 PMCID: PMC7987431 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5585678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this article was to examine the association of sleep duration and physical activity and their interactions on mental health disorders in American children aged 6-17 years. Methods Data were analyzed from the combined 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's health. Ultimately, a total of 36370 children aged 6-17 years were selected as the samples. Weighted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Insufficient sleep duration was associated with an increased risk for current anxiety, depression, and behavior/conduct problems (odds ratio = 1.449, 1.991, 1.375; 95% confidence interval: 1.313-1.702, 1.648-2.406, 1.162-1.627). Insufficient physical activity was associated with an increased risk for current anxiety (odds ratio = 1.448; 95% confidence interval: 1.230-1.706) and depression (odds ratio = 1.743; 95% confidence interval: 1.304-2.329). In addition, additive interactions between sleep duration and physical activity were observed on current anxiety and depression. Conclusions Insufficient sleep duration and insufficient physical activity in children were associated with mental health disorders. There is a synergistic interaction effect between insufficient sleep duration and insufficient physical activity on current anxiety and current depression.
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26
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Wooten SV, Mittag U, Alvero Cruz JR, Stray-Gundersen S, Hoffmann F, Michély S, Möstl S, Sies W, Mulder E, Rauschendorfer P, Chilibeck PD, Rittweger J, Tanaka H. Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, and Sleep Impairment in Masters Athletes: Modulation by Age, Sex, and Exercise Type. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634433. [PMID: 33746775 PMCID: PMC7970109 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The masters athlete has been proposed as a model of successful aging. Research studies investigating psychological outlook in older athletes have primarily addressed negative affects including depression, anxiety, and stress. The impact of lifelong exercise on positive affect and life satisfaction as well as sleep impairment that could impact on these psychological states is largely unknown. Methods A series of questionnaires (general life satisfaction, positive affect, and sleep-related impairment) were administered to 240 masters athletes participating in the World Masters Athletics Championships. Total raw scores were converted into T scores for comparison with the general population. Meaningful difference was defined by the PROMIS® as one-half standard deviation from the centering sample. Results Meaningful differences were observed for improved general life satisfaction and reduced sleep impairment for all masters athletes. Positive affect did not reach the meaningful difference threshold. No significant sex differences were found for any of the questionnaires (all p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were found between endurance, sprint, and strength/power sports for general life satisfaction (p = 0.18), positive affect (p = 0.46), and sleep impairment (p = 0.77). In general, life satisfaction increased with age (r = 0.15, p = 0.02), and sleep impairment trended towards reduction with age (r = −0.13, p = 0.05). Positive affect demonstrated no correlation with age (r = 0.09, p = 0.18). Conclusion This study demonstrates that the lifestyles of masters athletes contribute to improved general life satisfaction and reduced sleep impairment but not improved positive affect. The beneficial effects were observed irrespective of age, gender, and sporting types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah V Wooten
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Uwe Mittag
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - José Ramón Alvero Cruz
- Department of Human Physiology and Sports Physical Education, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sten Stray-Gundersen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Fabian Hoffmann
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Michély
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Möstl
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sies
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edwin Mulder
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Philip D Chilibeck
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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27
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Al-Rashed F, Sindhu S, Al Madhoun A, Alghaith A, Azim R, Al-Mulla F, Ahmad R. Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1225-1241. [PMID: 34335063 PMCID: PMC8318215 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s311415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient sleep duration and its quality are increasingly recognized as important contributors for maintaining normal body weight. However, lifestyle and social structure within the Arab-gulf region differ compared to those in the western world. This study was specifically conducted in Kuwait's population to investigate the link between sleep quality (SQ) and obesity in the absence of sleep apnea (SA) onset. METHODS SQ was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) in 984 participants, then verified in 60 individuals including 20 lean (Body mass index/BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), 20 overweight (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) and 20 obese (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2) through actigraph worn over the right-hip for 7 consecutive days to characterize their sleep-wake cycle, rest-activity, and physical activity. Blood samples were collected for metabolic markers. RESULTS 59.6% of participants reported a PSQI score higher than 5, with 57.6% of the participants reporting less than 6 hours of sleep per day. The data show that both SQ and sleep duration are considered inadequate in comparison to the international SQ standards. We found a significant association between SQ and obesity independent of age and sex. Actigraph data further supported the independent association of sleep duration on BMI within the population (p < 0.001). Additionally, total sleep time (TST) was found to significantly correlate with several other metabolic factors including diastolic blood pressure, elevated resting heart rate (RHR), triglycerides, total cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) secretion. Further multiple-regression analysis showed a significant independent association between blood pressure (p < 0.03), HOMA-IR (p < 0.04), and C-peptide (p < 0.3) and sleep duration. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that sleep deprivation and disturbance could be indirect factors involved in the development of not only obesity in Kuwait but also other metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Al-Rashed
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Animal and Imaging Core Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Animal and Imaging Core Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | | | - Rafaat Azim
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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28
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Bullock A, Kovacevic A, Kuhn T, Heisz JJ. Optimizing Sleep in Older Adults: Where Does High-Intensity Interval Training Fit? Front Psychol 2020; 11:576316. [PMID: 33192886 PMCID: PMC7609693 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present community-based study evaluated the effect of three different exercise interventions on sleep quality. Older adults were enrolled in one of three exercise intervention groups: high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 20), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT; n = 19) or stretching (STRETCH; n = 22). Prior to and following the intervention, sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The PSQI was used to classify participants as poor (global PSQI score ≥5) or good (global PSQI score >5) sleepers and the effect of the intervention was examined on poor sleepers only. Around 70% of our sample was classified as poor sleepers. Poor sleepers were significantly impaired across all PSQI components, except for the use of sleeping medication, such that neither group was heavily prescribed. Exercise improved sleep quality for poor sleepers, but the intensity mattered. Specifically, MICT and STRETCH improved sleep efficiency for poor sleepers, whereas HIIT did not (p < 0.05). The results suggest that both MICT and STRETCH may be more effective than HIIT for optimizing sleep in poor sleepers. These findings help to inform exercise guidelines for enhancing sleep in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Bullock
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Kovacevic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Kuhn
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Heisz
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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29
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Sieverdes JC, Treiber FA, Kline CE, Mueller M, Brunner-Jackson B, Sox L, Cain M, Swem M, Diaz V, Chandler J. Ethnicity Differences in Sleep Changes Among Prehypertensive Adults Using a Smartphone Meditation App: Dose-Response Trial. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e20501. [PMID: 33021484 PMCID: PMC7576537 DOI: 10.2196/20501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background African Americans (AAs) experience greater sleep quality problems than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). Meditation may aid in addressing this disparity, although the dosage levels needed to achieve such benefits have not been adequately studied. Smartphone apps present a novel modality for delivering, monitoring, and measuring adherence to meditation protocols. Objective This 6-month dose-response feasibility trial investigated the effects of a breathing awareness meditation (BAM) app, Tension Tamer, on the secondary outcomes of self-reported and actigraphy measures of sleep quality and the modulating effects of ethnicity of AAs and NHWs. Methods A total of 64 prehypertensive adults (systolic blood pressure <139 mm Hg; 31 AAs and 33 NHWs) were randomized into 3 different Tension Tamer dosage conditions (5,10, or 15 min twice daily). Sleep quality was assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 1-week bouts of continuous wrist actigraphy monitoring. The study was conducted between August 2014 and October 2016 (IRB #Pro00020894). Results At baseline, PSQI and actigraphy data indicated that AAs had shorter sleep duration, greater sleep disturbance, poorer efficiency, and worse quality of sleep (range P=.03 to P<.001). Longitudinal generalized linear mixed modeling revealed a dose effect modulated by ethnicity (P=.01). Multimethod assessment showed a consistent pattern of NHWs exhibiting the most favorable responses to the 5-min dose; they reported greater improvements in sleep efficiency and quality as well as the PSQI global value than with the 10-min and 15-min doses (range P=.04 to P<.001). Actigraphy findings revealed a consistent, but not statistically significant, pattern in the 5-min group, showing lower fragmentation, longer sleep duration, and higher efficiency than the other 2 dosage conditions. Among AAs, actigraphy indicated lower sleep fragmentation with the 5-min dose compared with the 10-min and 15-min doses (P=.03 and P<.001, respectively). The 10-min dose showed longer sleep duration than the 5-min and 15-min doses (P=.02 and P<.001, respectively). The 5-min dose also exhibited significantly longer average sleep than the 15-min dose (P=.03). Conclusions These findings indicate the need for further study of the potential modulating influence of ethnicity on the impact of BAM on sleep indices and user-centered exploration to ascertain the potential merits of refining the Tension Tamer app with attention to cultural tailoring among AAs and NHWs with pre-existing sleep complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Sieverdes
- College of Charleston, Health and Human Performance, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Frank A Treiber
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Christopher E Kline
- Department of Health & Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Martina Mueller
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Brenda Brunner-Jackson
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Luke Sox
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Mercedes Cain
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Maria Swem
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Vanessa Diaz
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jessica Chandler
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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30
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Zhu D, Kang W, Zhang S, Qiao X, Liu J, Liu C, Lu H. Effect of mandibular advancement device treatment on HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF in the myocardium of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome rabbits. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13261. [PMID: 32764565 PMCID: PMC7414037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mandibular advancement device (MAD) therapy for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in myocardial tissue. New Zealand rabbits were used to develop OSAHS and MAD models. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the upper airway and polysomnography (PSG) recordings were performed with the animals in the supine position. All of the animals were induced to sleep in a supine position for 4-6 h each day and were observed continuously for 8 weeks. The myocardial tissue of the three groups was dissected to measure the expression of HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF. The results showed that there was higher expression of HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF in the OSAHS group than those in the MAD and control groups. MAD treatment significantly downregulated the expression of HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF in the OSAHS animals. We concluded that MAD treatment could significantly downregulate the increased expression of HIF-1α, EPO and VEGF in OSAHS rabbits, improving their myocardial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Kang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Qiao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 383, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Dunietz GL, Vanini G, Shannon C, O'Brien LM, Chervin RD. Associations of plasma hypocretin-1 with metabolic and reproductive health: Two systematic reviews of clinical studies. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 52:101307. [PMID: 32259696 PMCID: PMC7351596 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hypocretin system consists of two peptides hypocretin-1 and hypocretin-2 (HCRT1 and HCRT2). Hypocretin-containing neurons are located in the posterior and lateral hypothalamus, and have widespread projections throughout the brain and spinal cord. In addition to its presence in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), peripheral HCRT1 has been detected in plasma. Robust experimental evidence demonstrates functions of hypothalamic-originated HCRT1 in regulation of multiple biological systems related to sleep-wake states, energy homeostasis and endocrine function. In contrast, HCRT1 studies with human participants are limited by the necessarily invasive assessment of CSF HCRT1 to patients with underlying morbidity. Regulation by HCRT1 of energy homeostasis and reproduction in animals suggests similar regulation in humans and prompts these two systematic reviews. These reviews translate prior experimental findings from animal studies to humans and examine associations between HCRT1 and: 1) metabolic risk factors; 2) reproductive function in men, women and children. A total of 21 studies and six studies met the inclusion criteria for the two searches, respectively. Research question, study design, study population, assessments of HCRT1, reproductive, cardiometabolic data and main findings were extracted. Associations between HCRT1, metabolic and reproductive function are inconsistent. Limitations of studies and future research directions are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit L Dunietz
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Giancarlo Vanini
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carol Shannon
- Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Louise M O'Brien
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ronald D Chervin
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Brindle RC, Yu L, Buysse DJ, Hall MH. Empirical derivation of cutoff values for the sleep health metric and its relationship to cardiometabolic morbidity: results from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Sleep 2020; 42:5488780. [PMID: 31083710 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Emerging evidence supports a multidimensional perspective of sleep in the context of health. The sleep health model, and composite sleep health score, are increasingly used in research. However, specific cutoff values that differentiate "good" from "poor" sleep, have not been empirically derived and its relationship to cardiometabolic health is less-well understood. We empirically derived cutoff values for sleep health dimensions and examined the relationship between sleep health and cardiometabolic morbidity. METHODS Participants from two independent Biomarker Studies in the MIDUS II (N = 432, 39.8% male, age = 56.92 ± 11.45) and MIDUS Refresher (N = 268, 43.7% male, age = 51.68 ± 12.70) cohorts completed a 1-week study where sleep was assessed with daily diaries and wrist actigraphy. Self-reported physician diagnoses, medication use, and blood values were used to calculate total cardiometabolic morbidity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated in the MIDUS II cohort for each sleep health dimension to determine cutoff values. Using derived cutoff values, logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between sleep health scores and cardiometabolic morbidity in the MIDUS Refresher cohort, controlling for traditional risk factors. RESULTS Empirically derived sleep health cutoff values aligned reasonably well to cutoff values previously published in the sleep health literature and remained robust across physical and mental health outcomes. Better sleep health was significantly associated with a lower odds of cardiometabolic morbidity (OR [95% CI] = 0.901 [0.814-0.997], p = .044). CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to the ongoing development of the sleep health model and add to the emerging research supporting a multidimensional perspective of sleep and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Brindle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Martica H Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Amiri S, Behnezhad S. Sleep disturbances and risk of sick leave: systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-020-00270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Evaluation of Stress-related Behavioral and Biological Activity of Ocimum sanctum Extract in Rats. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Owusu-Sekyere F. Assessing the effect of physical activity and exercise on nurses' well-being. Nurs Stand 2020; 35:45-50. [PMID: 32216247 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2020.e11533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that physical activity has many health benefits, such as improved cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and bone health. Despite this, inactivity remains a significant health challenge in the UK and globally, contributing to conditions such as coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Nurses have an important health promotion role in recommending the potential benefits of physical activity to the general public. However, research suggests that many nurses may not be undertaking enough physical activity themselves, despite the active nature of the nursing role. This article investigates the evidence that increased physical activity has the potential to improve the well-being of nurses. The article also examines the effect of physical activity on indicators of well-being, including feeling states such as affect, mood and emotion; depression; and sleep.
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Maddahi NS, Yarizadeh H, Setayesh L, Nasir Y, Alizadeh S, Mirzaei K. Association between dietary energy density with mental health and sleep quality in women with overweight/obesity. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:189. [PMID: 32228677 PMCID: PMC7106572 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mental health, sleep quality, and dietary intake are interlinked. Impairment of mental health and low sleep quality may contribute to obesity through the consumption of diets high in energy density. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether dietary energy density (DED) influences mental health. This study aimed to examine the association of DED with mental health indices, including depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality in women with overweight/obesity. Results There was a decreasing trajectory in serum triglyceride across quartiles of DED (from Q1 to Q4) in the crude analysis and also after adjustment for age, BMI, and physical activity After adjustment for age, BMI, and physical activity, subjects in the highest quartile of DED had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. DED was significantly associated with increased odds of stress in the crude (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.01–4.56, p = 0.04) and adjusted model for age, BMI, and physical activity (OR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.13–5.79, p = 0.02). No significant relationship was observed between DED and depression, anxiety and sleep quality. In conclusion, current study shows preliminary evidence of an association between DED and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Sadat Maddahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Nasir
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Krupp K, Wilcox M, Srinivas A, Srinivas V, Madhivanan P, Bastida E. Snoring is associated with obesity among middle aged Slum-dwelling women in Mysore, India. Lung India 2020; 37:210-219. [PMID: 32367842 PMCID: PMC7353948 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_515_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Globally, rates of obesity have trebled in the past four decades. India has more than 9.8 million men and 20 million women classified as obese. While poor diet and sedentary lifestyles are major causes, growing evidence suggests other factors like sleep-disordered-breathing may also be contributors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out between October 2017 and May 2018 among a nonprobability sample of slum-dwelling women, 40–64 years of age, in government-designated slums in Mysore, India. After the informed consent process, data were collected on sociodemographics, tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, sleep, quality of life, and personal and family history of diagnosed cardiometabolic disorders. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using anthropometry. The serum was tested for HbA1c and lipid profile. Results: In this sample of slum-dwelling women, snoring was associated with obesity. Habitual snorers had more than double the odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–3.33; P < 0.004) of obesity I, and seven times the odds (aOR 7.71; CI: 3.58–16.62; P < 0.001) of being in the obesity II category compared to nonsnorers after adjustment for age, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and daytime sleepiness. There was no difference in obesity status among participants reporting abnormal sleep duration, napping, daytime sleepiness, sleep apnea, insomnia, or the use of sleep medication. Conclusion: The relationship between snoring and obesity has not been well explored. This study among slum-dwelling Indian women found a significant relationship between snoring and obesity. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms connecting snoring to BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Krupp
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA; Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Meredith Wilcox
- Midwest Biomedical Research/Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health, Addison, IL; MB Clinical Research, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Arun Srinivas
- Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Srinivas
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Purnima Madhivanan
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health; Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India; Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine; Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Elena Bastida
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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McWhorter KL, Park YM, Gaston SA, Fang KB, Sandler DP, Jackson CL. Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: differences by race/ethnicity. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2019; 7:e000652. [PMID: 31641520 PMCID: PMC6777408 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Poor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Research design and methods Prospective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician's diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep. Conclusions Frequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketrell L McWhorter
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yong-Moon Park
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Symielle A Gaston
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kacey B Fang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chandra L Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Nighttime Noise in a Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019; 25:1844-1850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Warth J, Puth MT, Tillmann J, Porz J, Zier U, Weckbecker K, Münster E. Over-indebtedness and its association with sleep and sleep medication use. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:957. [PMID: 31315596 PMCID: PMC6637586 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over-indebtedness is currently rising in high-income countries. Millions of citizens are confronted with the persistent situation when household income and assets are insufficient to cover payment obligations and living expenses. Previous research shows that over-indebtedness increases the risk of various adverse health effects. However, its association with sleep problems has not yet been examined. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between over-indebtedness and sleep problems and sleep medication use. METHODS A cross-sectional study on over-indebtedness (OID survey) was conducted in 70 debt advisory centres in Germany in 2017 that included 699 over-indebted respondents. The survey data were combined with the nationally representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1; n = 7987). We limited analyses to participants with complete data on all sleep variables (OID: n = 538, DEGS1: n = 7447). Descriptive analyses and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between over-indebtedness and difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, and sleep medication use. RESULTS A higher prevalence of sleep problems and sleep medication use was observed among over-indebted individuals compared to the general population. After adjustment for socio-economic and health factors (age, sex, education, marital status, employment status, subjective health status and mental illness), over-indebtedness significantly increased the risk of difficulties with sleep onset (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.79, 95%-confidence interval (CI) 1.45-2.21), sleep maintenance (aOR 1.45, 95%-CI 1.17-1.80) and sleep medication use (aOR 3.94, 95%-CI 2.96-5.24). CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests a strong association between over-indebtedness and poor sleep and sleep medication use independent of conventional socioeconomic measures. Considering over-indebtedness in both research and health care practice will help to advance the understanding of sleep disparities, and facilitate interventions for those at risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00013100 (OID survey, ArSemü); Date of registration: 23.10.2017; Date of enrolment of the first participant: 18.07.2017, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Warth
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Marie-Therese Puth
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Tillmann
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Porz
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Zier
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Weckbecker
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Münster
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, Universitätsklinikum Bonn AöR, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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Zhang Z, Sousa-Sá E, Pereira J, Chaput JP, Okely A, Feng X, Santos R. Correlates of nocturnal sleep duration, nocturnal sleep variability, and nocturnal sleep problems in toddlers: results from the GET UP! Study. Sleep Med 2018; 53:124-132. [PMID: 30508780 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlates of nocturnal sleep duration, nocturnal sleep variability, and nocturnal sleep problems in a sample of Australian toddlers. METHODS Participants were 173 toddlers (average age 19.7 ± 4.1 months) from the GET UP! STUDY Nocturnal sleep duration, nocturnal sleep variability, nap(s) and physical activity were measured using 24-h accelerometry (Actigraph GT3X+) over seven consecutive days. Nocturnal sleep problems were assessed using the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire. Screen time was reported by the parents. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between potential correlates (ie, age, sex, socio-economic status, weight status, physical activity, screen time, nap(s), bedtimes, and wake-up times) and nocturnal sleep characteristics. RESULTS Older children were more likely to have greater sleep variability (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.08-3.61). Less physical activity (OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.27-4.45), shorter nap(s) (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.29-4.55), and later wake-up times (OR: 4.42; 95% CI: 2.32-8.42) were associated with higher odds of having longer nocturnal sleep duration. Late bedtimes were associated with shorter nocturnal sleep duration (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04-0.18) and with greater nocturnal sleep variability (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.06-3.68). None of the potential correlates were associated with nocturnal sleep problems. CONCLUSION The present study identifies several correlates of nocturnal sleep duration (total physical activity, nap(s), bedtime, and wake-up time) and nocturnal sleep variability (age and bedtime), whereas no correlates were identified for nocturnal sleep problems. The association between late bedtimes and shorter nocturnal sleep duration and greater nocturnal variability suggests that these may be modifiable targets for future sleep interventions in early childhood. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12616000471482, 11/04/2016, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Eduarda Sousa-Sá
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - João Pereira
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; CIDAF (uid/dtp/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia; Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rute Santos
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Cha E, Talman MS, Massey AH, Yan F, Rogers AE. Sleep, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Overweight/Obese Young Adults: A Pilot Study Using the SenseWear® Armband. Biol Res Nurs 2018; 20:541-548. [PMID: 30071743 DOI: 10.1177/1099800418791047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM This pilot study examined associations between sleep quality and metabolic risk profiles, underlying hormones, inflammatory markers, and behaviors in overweight and obese young adults, aged 18-29 years. DESIGN Cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design. METHOD A partial sample ( n = 29) was re-recruited from a parent study on screening for risk of early-onset diabetes. BodyMedia's SenseWear® armband was used to assess sleep quality. Based on the percentage of consolidated sleep days during the past week, participants were classified as poor, fair, or good sleepers. Multiple multivariate general linear models were used to examine group differences in study variables after adjusting for obesity impact. RESULTS There were no significant differences among groups in age (mean 23.5 ± 2.9 years) or body mass index (mean 38.0 ± 8.9 kg/m2). Good sleepers ( n = 12, 41.4%) showed the longest nocturnal sleep duration (7:53 ± 1:00 hr), followed by fair ( n = 12, 41.4%, 7:23 ± 1:34 hr) and poor sleepers ( n = 5, 17.2%, 5:34 ± 0:56 hr). Poor sleepers showed the highest plasma resistin (η2 = .103) and ghrelin (η2 = .205) levels and caloric (η2 = .255) and sodium (η2 = .156) intakes. No differences in clinical metabolic markers or serum leptin or adiponectin were observed. CONCLUSIONS Overweight/obese young adults had irregular sleep schedules and patterns, indicators of poor sleep quality, that were possibly associated with changes in dietary behaviors and underlying plasma hormones. In addition to traditional clinical cardiometabolic markers, plasma resistin and ghrelin may be good predictors of heightened vulnerability to cardiometabolic diseases in overweight/obese young adults with poor-quality sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunSeok Cha
- 1 College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,2 Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Ann H Massey
- 4 Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Fengxia Yan
- 5 Department of Community Health and Prevention Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ann E Rogers
- 2 Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sleep plays many roles in maintenance of cardiovascular health. This review summarizes the literature across several areas of sleep and sleep disorders in relation to cardiometabolic disease risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS Insufficient sleep duration is prevalent in the population and is associated with weight gain and obesity, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and mortality. Insomnia is also highly present and represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, especially when accompanied by short sleep duration. Sleep apnea is a well-characterized risk factor for cardiometabolic disease and cardiovascular mortality. Other issues are relevant as well. For example, sleep disorders in pediatric populations may convey cardiovascular risks. Also, sleep may play an important role in cardiovascular health disparities. SUMMARY Sleep and sleep disorders are implicated in cardiometabolic disease risk. This review addresses these and other issues, concluding with recommendations for research and clinical practice.
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Garcia KA, Wohlgemuth WK, Ferrannini E, Mari A, Gonzalez A, Mendez AJ, Bizzotto R, Skyler JS, Schneiderman N, Hurwitz BE. Sleeping oxygen saturation, rapid eye movement sleep, and the adaptation of postprandial metabolic function in insulin sensitive and resistant individuals without diabetes. Physiol Behav 2018; 191:123-130. [PMID: 29655763 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sleeping oxygen saturation (SaO2) and sleep stage duration have been linked with prediabetic alterations but the pathogenic pathways are not well understood. This study of insulin sensitive and resistant adults examined the effect on postprandial metabolic regulation of repeated mixed-meal challenges of different carbohydrate loading. The aim was to examine whether the relationship between lower sleeping oxygen saturation (SaO2) and poorer fasting and postprandial metabolic function may be linked with reduced slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) duration, independent of age, sex and total adiposity. METHODS The 24 men and women, aged 25-54 years, had no diabetes or other diagnosed conditions, were evaluated with polysomnography to derive indices of SaO2 and sleep architecture. In addition, an OGTT and two 14-h serial mixed-meal tests were administered over 3 successive in-patient days. The carbohydrate content of the mixed-meals was manipulated to compare a standard-load day with a double-load day (300 vs. 600 kcal/meal). Quantitative modeling was applied to derive β-cell glucose sensitivity (β-GS), early insulin secretion rate sensitivity (ESRS), and total postprandial insulinemia (AUCINS). RESULTS Analyses showed that, for the 14-h tests, the SaO2 relationship with metabolic outcomes was associated significantly with percent time spent in REM but not SWS, independent of age, sex and total adiposity. Specifically, indirect pathways indicated that lower SaO2 was related to shorter REM duration, and shorter REM was respectively associated with higher β-GS, ESRS, and AUCINS for the 300- and 600-load days (300 kcal/meal: β = -8.68, p < .03, β = -8.54, p < .002, and β = -10.06, p < .008; 600 kcal/meal: β = -11.45, p < .003, β = -11.44, p < .001, and β = -11.00, p < .03). CONCLUSION Sleeping oxygen desaturation and diminished REM duration are associated with a metabolic pattern that reflects a compensatory adaptation of postprandial insulin metabolism accompanying preclinical diabetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Garcia
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Ele Ferrannini
- National Research Council Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- National Research Council Institute of Neurosciences, Padua, Italy
| | - Alex Gonzalez
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Armando J Mendez
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roberto Bizzotto
- National Research Council Institute of Neurosciences, Padua, Italy
| | - Jay S Skyler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Barry E Hurwitz
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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Morselli LL, Gamazon ER, Tasali E, Cox NJ, Van Cauter E, Davis LK. Shared Genetic Control of Brain Activity During Sleep and Insulin Secretion: A Laboratory-Based Family Study. Diabetes 2018; 67:155-164. [PMID: 29084784 PMCID: PMC5741150 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, a large body of experimental and epidemiologic evidence has linked sleep duration and quality to glucose homeostasis, although the mechanistic pathways remain unclear. The aim of the current study was to determine whether genetic variation influencing both sleep and glucose regulation could underlie their functional relationship. We hypothesized that the genetic regulation of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep, a highly heritable trait with fingerprint reproducibility, is correlated with the genetic control of metabolic traits including insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. We tested our hypotheses through univariate and bivariate heritability analyses in a three-generation pedigree with in-depth phenotyping of both sleep EEG and metabolic traits in 48 family members. Our analyses accounted for age, sex, adiposity, and the use of psychoactive medications. In univariate analyses, we found significant heritability for measures of fasting insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, for time spent in slow-wave sleep, and for EEG spectral power in the delta, theta, and sigma ranges. Bivariate heritability analyses provided the first evidence for a shared genetic control of brain activity during deep sleep and fasting insulin secretion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Morselli
- Sleep, Metabolism and Health Center, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Esra Tasali
- Sleep, Metabolism and Health Center, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Eve Van Cauter
- Sleep, Metabolism and Health Center, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lea K Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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Tan X, van Egmond L, Chapman CD, Cedernaes J, Benedict C. Aiding sleep in type 2 diabetes: therapeutic considerations. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6:60-68. [PMID: 28844889 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(17)30233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes than in the general population. Both insomnia and OSA have been linked to cardiometabolic alterations (eg, hypertension, increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and systemic insulin resistance) that can exacerbate the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Improvement of sleep in patients with diabetes could therefore aid the treatment of diabetes. To help health practitioners choose the best clinical tool to improve their patients' sleep without detrimentally affecting glucose regulation, this Review critically analyses the effects of common treatments for insomnia and OSA on both sleep and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. These treatments include pharmaceutical sleep aids (eg, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, melatonin) and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, continuous positive airway pressure for OSA, and lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tan
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Colin D Chapman
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Lin J, Zhao H, Shen J, Jiao F. Salivary Cortisol Levels Predict Therapeutic Response to a Sleep-Promoting Method in Children with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome. J Pediatr 2017; 191:91-95.e1. [PMID: 29037796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the value of salivary cortisol concentrations in predicting the efficacy of sleep-promoting treatment in children with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). STUDY DESIGN This prospective study involved 40 children with POTS and 20 healthy children (controls). POTS was diagnosed using the head-up or head-up tilt test. Patients with POTS received a sleep-promoting treatment: >8 hours of sleep every night and a midday nap in an appropriate environment; no drinking water or exercising before bedtime; and urination before bedtime. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality, and symptom scores were used to assess POTS severity. Salivary samples were collected upon awakening, 30 minutes after awakening, at 12:00 p.m., 4:00 p.m., and 8:00 p.m., and at bedtime before treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure salivary cortisol concentrations. RESULTS Cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in patients with POTS than in the controls at all time points (P < .05 for all). PSQI scores were significantly higher in patients with POTS (7.2 ± 3.0) than in the controls (1.35 ± 1.39; t = -10.370, P <.001). Salivary cortisol concentrations at awakening were significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders (4.83 ± 0.73 vs 4.05 ± 0.79 ng/mL, t = -3.197, P = .003). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 75.8%, (95% CI 59.3%-92%). Cut-off at-awakening salivary cortisol concentrations of >4.1 ng/mL yielded 83.3% sensitivity and 68.7% specificity in predicting therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS At-awakening salivary cortisol concentrations may predict the efficacy of sleep-promoting treatment in patients with POTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Huacai Zhao
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuyong Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Pratiwi AA, Nindya TS. Hubungan Konsumsi Camilan dan Durasi Waktu Tidur dengan Obesitas di Permukiman Padat Kelurahan Simolawang, Surabaya. AMERTA NUTRITION 2017. [DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v1i3.2017.153-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity in women with low socioeconomic status is easily found in slum area. Low socioeconomic status can have an impact on dietary changes, such as snacking that are known to be the cause of obesity. In addition to dietary changes, lifestyle changes such as sleep deprivation can also occur due to environmental conditions and job demands. Reduced bedtime will have an impact on health. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of sleep duration and snacking to obesity. Methods: This research was an observational analytical with cross sectional design. The sample was 70 married women aged 20-55 years in Simolawang, Simokerto Distict, Surabaya. Selection of smaple was using multistage random sampling. The data were collected by interview method with questionnaire to collect respondent characteristics data and sleep duration. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was conducted to determine the snacking habits. Chi square test was used in the statistical analysis (a=0.05).Results: The data showed that 54.3% of respondents rarely consumed snack and 50% of them had sleep less time. The sleep duration had a significant association with obesity (p=0.009). In addition, snacking habits and obesity also showed a significant relationship (p=0.004).Conclusions: It is necessary to reduce the consumption of snacks and improve sleep time which is 7 hours per night to prevent obesity.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Obesitas pada wanita dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah banyak ditemui di permukiman padat. Rendahnya status sosial ekonomi dapat berdampak pada perubahan pola makan, seperti kebiasaan konsumsi camilan yang diketahui menjadi penyebab obesitas. Selain perubahan pola makan, perubahan gaya hidup seperti berkurangnya waktu tidur juga dapat terjadi karena kondisi lingkungan maupun tuntutan pekerjaan. Berkurangnya waktu tidur akan berdampak pada kesehatan.Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi camilan dan durasi waktu tidur dengan obesitas pada ibu rumah tangga di permukiman padat penduduk. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 70 wanita yang sudah menikah berusia 20-55 tahun di Kelurahan Simolawang Kecamatan Simokerto, Surabaya. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan multistage random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data karakteristik responden dan durasi waktu tidur. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) dilakukan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan konsumsi camilan. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi square (a=0,05).Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 54,3% responden jarang mengonsumsi camilan dan 50% responden memiliki waktu tidur yang kurang. Durasi waktu tidur memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kondisi obesitas (p=0,009). Selain itu kebiasaan konsumsi camilan dan obesitas juga menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,004).Kesimpulan: Diperlukan adanya pembatasan konsumsi camilan dan tidur dengan durasi waktu cukup, yaitu 7 jam per malam untuk mencegah terjadinya obesitas.
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Grandner MA. Sleep and obesity risk in adults: possible mechanisms; contextual factors; and implications for research, intervention, and policy. Sleep Health 2017; 3:393-400. [PMID: 28923200 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem among US adults. Insufficient sleep and sleep disorders are prevalent and may contribute to the public health problem of obesity. This review addresses several key questions regarding sleep and obesity in adults, including the following: (1) What constitutes adequate sleep in adults? (2) What are the consequences of inadequate sleep in adults? (3) What factors influence sleep in adults? (4) How can adults improve their sleep? (5) How can we implement these in adults? (6) How can these issues be addressed in future research and policy decisions? Although a comprehensive review of all of these is beyond the scope of this article, this review brings these concepts together toward a discussion of the role of sleep in the health of US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, PO Box 245002, Tucson, AZ 85724-5002.
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