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Ahrens J, Zaher F, Rabin RA, Cassidy CM, Palaniyappan L. Neuromelanin levels in individuals with substance use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105690. [PMID: 38678736 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine's role in addiction has been extensively studied, revealing disruptions in its functioning throughout all addiction stages. Neuromelanin in the substantia nigra (SN) may reflect dopamine auto-oxidation, and can be quantified using neuromelaninsensitive magnetic resonance imaging (neuromelanin-MRI) in a non-invasive manner.In this pre-registered systematic review, we assess the current body of evidence related to neuromelanin levels in substance use disorders, using both post-mortem and MRI examinations. The systematic search identified 10 relevant articles, primarily focusing on the substantia nigra. An early-stage meta-analysis (n = 6) revealed varied observations ranging from standardized mean differences of -3.55 to +0.62, with a pooled estimate of -0.44 (95 % CI = -1.52, 0.65), but there was insufficient power to detect differences in neuromelanin content among individuals with substance use disorders. Our gap analysis highlights the lack of sufficient replication studies, with existing studies lacking the power to detect a true difference, and a complete lack of neuromelanin studies on certain substances of clinical interest. We provide recommendations for future studies of dopaminergic neurobiology in addictions and related psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ahrens
- Douglas Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Farida Zaher
- Douglas Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rachel A Rabin
- Douglas Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clifford M Cassidy
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Douglas Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Fujioka Y, Kawai K, Endo K, Ishibashi M, Iwade N, Tuerde D, Kaibuchi K, Yamashita T, Yamanaka A, Katsuno M, Watanabe H, Sobue G, Ishigaki S. Stress-impaired reward pathway promotes distinct feeding behavior patterns. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1349366. [PMID: 38784098 PMCID: PMC11111882 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1349366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although dietary behaviors are affected by neuropsychiatric disorders, various environmental conditions can have strong effects as well. We found that mice under multiple stresses, including social isolation, intermittent high-fat diet, and physical restraint, developed feeding behavior patterns characterized by a deviated bait approach (fixated feeding). All the tested stressors affected dopamine release at the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) shell and dopamine normalization reversed the feeding defects. Moreover, inhibition of dopaminergic activity in the ventral tegmental area that projects into the NAcc shell caused similar feeding pattern aberrations. Given that the deviations were not consistently accompanied by changes in the amount consumed or metabolic factors, the alterations in feeding behaviors likely reflect perturbations to a critical stress-associated pathway in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Thus, deviations in feeding behavior patterns that reflect reward system abnormalities can be sensitive biomarkers of psychosocial and physical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Fujioka
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaori Kawai
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Endo
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Minaka Ishibashi
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Iwade
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Dilina Tuerde
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Research Project for Neural and Tumor Signaling, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamashita
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing (CIBR), Beijing, China
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ishigaki
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Solinas M, Lardeux V, Leblanc PM, Longueville JE, Thiriet N, Vandaele Y, Panlilio LV, Jaafari N. Delay of punishment highlights differential vulnerability to developing addiction-like behavior toward sweet food. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:155. [PMID: 38509086 PMCID: PMC10954751 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistance to punishment is commonly used to measure the difficulty in refraining from rewarding activities when negative consequences ensue, which is a hallmark of addictive behavior. We recently developed a progressive shock strength (PSS) procedure in which individual rats can titrate the amount of punishment that they are willing to tolerate to obtain food rewards. Here, we investigated the effects of a range of delays (0-12 s) on resistance to punishment measured by PSS break points. As expected from delay discounting principles, we found that delayed shock was less effective as a punisher, as revealed by higher PSS breakpoints. However, this discounting effect was not equally distributed in the population of rats, and the introduction of a delay highlighted the existence of two populations: rats that were sensitive to immediate punishment were also sensitive to delayed shock, whereas rats that were resistant to immediate punishment showed strong temporal discounting of delayed punishment. Importantly, shock-sensitive rats suppressed responding even in subsequent non-punishment sessions, and they differed from shock-resistant rats in anxiety-like behavior, but not in sensitivity to pain. These results show that manipulation of temporal contingencies of punishment in the PSS procedure provides a valuable tool to identify individuals with a double vulnerability to addiction: low sensitivity to aversion and excessive discounting of negative future consequences. Conversely, the shock-sensitive population may provide a model of humans who are vulnerable to opportunity loss due to excessive anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Solinas
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France.
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Poitiers, France.
| | - Virginie Lardeux
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Leblanc
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Longueville
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Thiriet
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Youna Vandaele
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Leigh V Panlilio
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment Unit, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nematollah Jaafari
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Poitiers, France
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 7295, Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition et l'apprentissage, Poitiers, France
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Tsuboi D, Nagai T, Yoshimoto J, Kaibuchi K. Neuromodulator regulation and emotions: insights from the crosstalk of cell signaling. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1376762. [PMID: 38516040 PMCID: PMC10954900 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1376762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The unraveling of the regulatory mechanisms that govern neuronal excitability is a major challenge for neuroscientists worldwide. Neurotransmitters play a critical role in maintaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the brain. The balance controls cognitive functions and emotional responses. Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the primary excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters of the brain, respectively. Disruptions in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory transmission are implicated in several psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia. Neuromodulators such as dopamine and acetylcholine control cognition and emotion by regulating the excitatory/inhibitory balance initiated by glutamate and GABA. Dopamine is closely associated with reward-related behaviors, while acetylcholine plays a role in aversive and attentional behaviors. Although the physiological roles of neuromodulators have been extensively studied neuroanatomically and electrophysiologically, few researchers have explored the interplay between neuronal excitability and cell signaling and the resulting impact on emotion regulation. This review provides an in-depth understanding of "cell signaling crosstalk" in the context of neuronal excitability and emotion regulation. It also anticipates that the next generation of neurochemical analyses, facilitated by integrated phosphorylation studies, will shed more light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsuboi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Zeng X, Han X, Zheng D, Jiang P, Yuan Z. Similarity and difference in large-scale functional network alternations between behavioral addictions and substance use disorder: a comparative meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2024; 54:473-487. [PMID: 38047402 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral addiction (BA) and substance use disorder (SUD) share similarities and differences in clinical symptoms, cognitive functions, and behavioral attributes. However, little is known about whether and how functional networks in the human brain manifest commonalities and differences between BA and SUD. Voxel-wise meta-analyses of resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) were conducted in BA and SUD separately, followed by quantitative conjunction analyses to identify the common and distinct alterations across both the BA and SUD groups. A total of 92 datasets with 2444 addicted patients and 2712 healthy controls (HCs) were eligible for the meta-analysis. Our findings demonstrated that BA and SUD exhibited common alterations in rs-FC between frontoparietal network (FPN) and other high-level neurocognitive networks (i.e. default mode network (DMN), affective network (AN), and salience network (SN)) as well as hyperconnectivity between SN seeds and the Rolandic operculum in SSN. In addition, compared with BA, SUD exhibited several distinct within- and between-network rs-FC alterations mainly involved in the DMN and FPN. Further, altered within- and between-network rs-FC showed significant association with clinical characteristics such as the severity of addiction in BA and duration of substance usage in SUD. The common rs-FC alterations in BA and SUD exhibited the relationship with consistent aberrant behaviors in both addiction groups, such as impaired inhibition control and salience attribution. By contrast, the distinct rs-FC alterations might suggest specific substance effects on the brain neural transmitter systems in SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Zeng
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xinyang Han
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- West China Medical Publishers, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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Mulloy SM, Aback EM, Gao R, Engel S, Pawaskar K, Win C, Moua A, Hillukka L, Lee AM. Subregion and sex differences in ethanol activation of cholinergic and glutamatergic cells in the mesopontine tegmentum. Sci Rep 2024; 14:46. [PMID: 38168499 PMCID: PMC10762073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethanol engages cholinergic signaling and elicits endogenous acetylcholine release. Acetylcholine input to the midbrain originates from the mesopontine tegmentum (MPT), which is composed of the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN). We investigated the effect of acute and chronic ethanol administration on cholinergic and glutamatergic neuron activation in the PPN and LDT in male and female mice. We show that ethanol activates neurons of the PPN and not the LDT in male mice. Chronic 15 daily injections of 2 g/kg ethanol induced Fos expression in cholinergic and glutamatergic PPN neurons in male mice, whereas ethanol did not increase cholinergic and glutamatergic neuronal activation in the LDT. A single acute 4 g/kg injection, but not a single 2 g/kg injection, induced cholinergic neuron activation in the male PPN but not the LDT. In contrast, acute or chronic ethanol at either dose or duration had no effect on the activation of cholinergic or glutamatergic neurons in the MPT of female mice. Female mice had higher baseline level of activation in cholinergic neurons compared with males. We also found a population of co-labeled cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons in the PPN and LDT which were highly active in the saline- and ethanol-treated groups in both sexes. These findings illustrate the complex differential effects of ethanol across dose, time point, MPT subregion and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mulloy
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - E M Aback
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - R Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Engel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - K Pawaskar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C Win
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A Moua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Hillukka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Balcazar-Ochoa LG, Ventura-Martínez R, Ángeles-López GE, Gómez-Acevedo C, Carrasco OF, Sampieri-Cabrera R, Chavarría A, González-Hernández A. Clavulanic Acid and its Potential Therapeutic Effects on the Central Nervous System. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102916. [PMID: 38039802 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Clavulanic acid (CLAV) is a non-antibiotic β-lactam that has been used since the late 1970s as a β-lactamase inhibitor in combination with amoxicillin, another ß-lactam with antibiotic activity. Its long-observed adverse reaction profile allows it to say that CLAV is a well-tolerated drug with mainly mild adverse reactions. Interestingly, in 2005, it was discovered that β-lactams enhance the astrocytic expression of GLT-1, a glutamate transporter essential for maintaining synaptic glutamate homeostasis involved in several pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS). This finding, along with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, prompted the appearance of several studies that intended to evaluate the effect of CLAV in preclinical disease models. Studies have revealed that CLAV can increase GLT-1 expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), and spinal cord of rodents, to affect glutamate and dopaminergic neurotransmission, and exert an anti-inflammatory effect by modulating the levels of the cytokines TNF-α and interleukin 10 (IL-10). CLAV has been tested with positive results in preclinical models of epilepsy, addiction, stroke, neuropathic and inflammatory pain, dementia, Parkinson's disease, and sexual and anxiety behavior. These properties make CLAV a potential therapeutic drug if repurposed. Therefore, this review aims to gather information on CLAV's effect on preclinical neurological disease models and to give some perspectives on its potential therapeutic use in some diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Claudia Gómez-Acevedo
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Francisco Carrasco
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl Sampieri-Cabrera
- Phyisiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Experimental Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Choi T, Koo M, Joo J, Kim T, Shon YM, Park J. Bidirectional Neuronal Control of Epileptiform Activity by Repetitive Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulations. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302404. [PMID: 37997163 PMCID: PMC10787102 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive stimulation procedures are used in neuromodulation techniques to induce persistent excitatory or inhibitory brain activity. The directivity of modulation is empirically regulated by modifying the stimulation length, interval, and strength. However, bidirectional neuronal modulations using ultrasound stimulations are rarely reported. This study presents bidirectional control of epileptiform activities with repetitive transcranial-focused ultrasound stimulations in a rat model of drug-induced acute epilepsy. It is found that repeated transmission of elongated (40 s), ultra-low pressure (0.25 MPa) ultrasound can fully suppress epileptic activities in electro-encephalography and cerebral blood volume measurements, while the change in bursting intervals from 40 to 20 s worsens epileptic activities even with the same burst length. Furthermore, the suppression induced by 40 s long bursts is transformed to excitatory states by a subsequent transmission. Bidirectional modulation of epileptic seizures with repeated ultrasound stimulation is achieved by regulating the changes in glutamate and γ-Aminobutyric acid levels, as confirmed by measurements of expressed c-Fos and GAD65 and multitemporal analysis of neurotransmitters in the interstitial fluid obtained via microdialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewon Choi
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Minseok Koo
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Jaesoon Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Taekyung Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Young-Min Shon
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Jinhyoung Park
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
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Yang Y, Wei X, Tian J, Zhu Y, Jia S, Shu Q. Scalp electroacupuncture targeting the VTA DA neurons to relieve negative emotions and promote the alleviation of chronic pain. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1323727. [PMID: 38188034 PMCID: PMC10771389 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1323727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Object Chronic pain and negative emotions are often linked, and both can impact the reward circuit. The use of electroacupuncture (EA) has been found to regulate and improve these conditions. This study explores the potential mechanism of chronic pain relief by adding acupoints with emotional regulation effect to the basis of routine EA analgesia, to optimize the acupoint compatibility scheme of EA in the treatment of analgesia. Method For this study, 42 male Wistar rats were used. Recombinant adeno-associated viruses were used to label and regulate the activity of dopamine (DA) neurons. The rat model was established by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Lower limb electroacupuncture (LEA) was applied to the ST36 and BL60 acupoints. In addition, LEA + scalp EA (SEA) was given using the GV20 and GV24+ acupoints besides ST36 and BL60. To evaluate the pain threshold, we measured 50% paw withdrawal thresholds and thermal paw withdrawal latencies. Negative emotions were evaluated through the open field test, marble-burying test, sucrose preference test, and forced swimming test. Moreover, the conditional place preference test was conducted to measure the reward behavior in response to pain relief. Immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and qPCR were used to detect the activity of the VTADA-NAc reward circuit. Result The injection of CFA significantly lowered the pain threshold. As the pain persisted, the anxiety and depression-like behaviors escalated while the response to reward reduced. Meanwhile, the VTADA-NAc pathway was suppressed with pain chronification. However, activating DA neurons in VTA attenuated the effects induced by CFA. LEA could relieve chronic pain, negative emotions, and reward disorders, while also activating the VTADA-NAc pathway. In addition, LEA + SEA exhibited a more pronounced effect compared with LEA alone. Nevertheless, chemogenetic inhibition of DA neurons decreased the efficacy of LEA + SEA in the treatment of chronic pain and associated comorbidities. Conclusion Adding SEA to conventional LEA effectively alleviates negative emotions and chronic pain, potentially due to the activation of the VTADA-NAc reward neural circuit. Thus, LEA + SEA is a more effective treatment for hyperalgesia and associated negative emotions compared with LEA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Resources & Wugang General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiali Wei
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Shu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Al-Qaaneh AM, Al-Mohammadi OS, Musharraf RA, AlSaedi JS, Shaker JL, Aldhafiri AJ. Prescription patterns of quetiapine for multiple drug abuse, depression, and psychosis: A retrospective study. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101848. [PMID: 37961072 PMCID: PMC10638018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic prescribed for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, multiple drug abuse (MDA), generalized anxiety disorder, severe depression, dementia, and mood disorders. Prescription of quetiapine varies according to use, with side effects increasingly reported with higher doses. Many previous case reports highlighted the misuse of the drug. Here we studied the prescribing patterns of quetiapine in multiple drug abuse (MDA), depression, and psychosis patients in the Madinah region in Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a retrospective single-center study carried out in the main referral hospital for mental health in Madinah, Saudi Arabia for the period December 2020 till December 2021. Results A total of 158 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 30.5 ± 10.1 years. Male presented for 89.9 % of the patients. In terms of quetiapine indications, 46.2 % of patients used it for MDA, 29.7 % for psychosis, and 24.1 for depression. For all patients, quetiapine was used with a mean daily dose of 285.2 ± 222 mg and for a mean duration of 13.9 ± 15.4 weeks. Quetiapine was prescribed with a mean of 2.1 ± 2.2 prescriptions. Comparison between different indications shows that quetiapine was more frequently prescribed for MDA (p < 0.001). The MDA patients were significantly younger than in other groups (p = 0.001). All patients who received quetiapine for MDA were males. However, MDA patients received a smaller dose of quetiapine than other indications (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of the number of prescriptions, duration, and whether the patient was on other medications or not. These results have been confirmed by regression analysis, where male and younger ages represented a significant contributing factor to MDA compared to psychosis, 95 % CI: 8 x107 (8 x107 - 8 x107) and 0.943 (0.900---0.987), respectively. Conclusion Quetiapine was prescribed more frequently in MDA patients and younger individuals. Low dose was predominant in those patients, indicating a probability of drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Osama S. Al-Mohammadi
- Pharmacy Services Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Jana L. Shaker
- Diaverum Dialysis Center Al Madinah Al Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed J. Aldhafiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Mulloy SM, Aback EM, Gao R, Engel S, Pawaskar K, Win C, Moua A, Hillukka L, Lee AM. Subregion and sex differences in ethanol activation of cholinergic and glutamatergic cells in the mesopontine tegmentum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.08.566053. [PMID: 38014248 PMCID: PMC10680559 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.08.566053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol engages cholinergic signaling and elicits endogenous acetylcholine release. Acetylcholine input to the midbrain originates from the mesopontine tegmentum (MPT), which is composed of the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN). We investigated the effect of acute and chronic ethanol administration on cholinergic and glutamatergic neuron activation in the PPN and LDT in male and female mice. We show that ethanol selectively activates neurons of the PPN and not the LDT in male mice. Acute 4.0 g/kg and chronic 15 daily injections of 2.0 g/kg i.p. ethanol induced Fos expression in cholinergic and glutamatergic PPN neurons in male mice, whereas cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons of the LDT were unresponsive. In contrast, acute or chronic ethanol at either dose or duration had no effect on the activation of cholinergic or glutamatergic neurons in the MPT of female mice. Female mice had higher level of baseline activation in cholinergic neurons compared with males. We also found a population of co-labeled cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons in the PPN and LDT which were highly active in the saline- and ethanol-treated groups in both sexes. These findings illustrate the complex differential effects of ethanol across dose, time point, MPT subregion and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mulloy
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - E M Aback
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - R Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Engel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - K Pawaskar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C Win
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A Moua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Hillukka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A M Lee
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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12
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Vento PJ, Watson JR, Pullmann D, Black SL, Tomberlin JS, Jhou TC. Pumping the brakes: rostromedial tegmental inhibition of compulsive cocaine seeking. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.04.560908. [PMID: 38405989 PMCID: PMC10889025 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.04.560908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Addiction is marked by aberrant decision-making and an inability to suppress inappropriate and often dangerous behaviors. We previously demonstrated that inactivation of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) in rats causes persistent food seeking despite impending aversive footshock, an effect strikingly similar to the punishment resistance observed in people with a history of protracted drug use [1]. Here, we extend these studies to demonstrate chemogenetic silencing of RMTg axonal projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (RMTg→VTA pathway) causes rats to endure significantly more footshock to receive cocaine infusions. To further test whether activation of this circuit is sufficient to suppress reward seeking in the absence of an overtly aversive stimulus, we used temporally specific optogenetic stimulation of the RMTg→VTA pathway as a "punisher" in place of footshock following lever pressing for either food or cocaine reward. While optical stimulation of the RMTg→VTA pathway robustly suppressed lever pressing for food, we found that stimulation of this circuit had only modest effects on suppressing responding for cocaine infusions. Even though optical RMTg→VTA stimulation was not particularly effective at reducing ongoing cocaine use, this experience nevertheless had long-lasting consequences, as reinstatement of drug seeking in response to cocaine-associated cues was profoundly suppressed when tested nearly two weeks later. These results suggest the RMTg may serve as a useful target for producing enduring reductions in drug craving, particularly during periods of abstinence from drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Vento
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Jacob R Watson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Dominika Pullmann
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Jensen S Tomberlin
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Thomas C Jhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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13
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Ornell F, Scherer JN, Schuch JB, Sordi AO, Halpern SC, Rebelatto FP, Bristot G, Kapczinski F, Roglio VS, Pechansky F, Kessler FHP, von Diemen L. Serum BDNF levels increase during early drug withdrawal in alcohol and crack cocaine addiction. Alcohol 2023; 111:1-7. [PMID: 37037287 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in several drug-induced brain neuroadaptations. The impact of withdrawal from substances that have different neurological mechanisms on BDNF levels is unclear. Our goal was to compare serum BDNF levels in inpatients with alcohol or crack cocaine use disorders during the early withdrawal period, and to evaluate the association with substance-related outcomes. We performed a follow-up study with 101 men under detoxification treatment (drug preference: alcohol [n = 37] and crack cocaine [n = 64]). Blood samples were collected on the 1st and 15th days of hospitalization to measure serum BDNF levels. Serum BDNF levels increased during the early stage of withdrawal (28.2 ± 10.0 vs. 32.6 ± 13.3, p < 0.001), similarly in individuals with alcohol and crack cocaine use. In the alcohol group, BDNF levels on the 15th day of hospitalization were negatively correlated with age (r = -0.394, p = 0.023). Delta BDNF levels were also negatively correlated with BDNF on the 1st day of hospitalization (p = 0.011). No significant correlation was found regarding substance-related outcomes. This is the first study to compare BDNF levels in alcohol and crack cocaine users undergoing similar treatment conditions. These findings could be related to clinical improvement after abstinence or even to drug withdrawal itself, decreasing neuronal injury. Furthermore, age may be a crucial factor, hindering the recovery of neuroplasticity in alcohol users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana N Scherer
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Anne O Sordi
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Silvia C Halpern
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernando P Rebelatto
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovana Bristot
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Bipolar Disorder Program, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vinicius S Roglio
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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14
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van Ruitenbeek P, Franzen L, Mason NL, Stiers P, Ramaekers JG. Methylphenidate as a treatment option for substance use disorder: a transdiagnostic perspective. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1208120. [PMID: 37599874 PMCID: PMC10435872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1208120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A transition in viewing mental disorders from conditions defined as a set of unique characteristics to one of the quantitative variations on a collection of dimensions allows overlap between disorders. The overlap can be utilized to extend to treatment approaches. Here, we consider the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder to probe the suitability to use methylphenidate as a treatment for substance use disorder. Both disorders are characterized by maladaptive goal-directed behavior, impaired cognitive control, hyperactive phasic dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum, prefrontal hypoactivation, and reduced frontal cortex gray matter volume/density. In addition, methylphenidate has been shown to improve cognitive control and normalize associated brain activation in substance use disorder patients and clinical trials have found methylphenidate to improve clinical outcomes. Despite the theoretical basis and promising, but preliminary, outcomes, many questions remain unanswered. Most prominent is whether all patients who are addicted to different substances may equally profit from methylphenidate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Ruitenbeek
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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15
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Franco-García A, Guerrero-Bautista R, Hidalgo JM, Gómez-Murcia V, Milanés MV, Núñez C. Dopamine D3 Receptor Modulates Akt/mTOR and ERK 1/2 Pathways Differently during the Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior Induced by Psychological versus Physiological Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11214. [PMID: 37446391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress triggers relapses in cocaine use that engage the activity of memory-related nuclei, such as the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and dentate gyrus (DG). Preclinical research suggests that D3 receptor (D3R) antagonists may be a promising means to attenuate cocaine reward and relapse. As D3R regulates the activity of the Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways, we assessed the effects of SB-277011-A, a D3R antagonist, on the activity of these kinases during the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by psychological (restraint) and physiological (tail pinch) stress. Both stimuli reactivated an extinguished cocaine-CPP, but only restrained animals decreased their locomotor activity during reinstatement. Cocaine-seeking behavior reactivation was correlated with decreased p-Akt, p-mTOR, and p-ERK1/2 activation in both nuclei of restrained animals. While a D3R blockade prevented stress-induced CPP reinstatement and plasma corticosterone enhancement, SB-277011-A distinctly modulated Akt, mTOR, and ERK1/2 activation depending on the stressor and the dose used. Our data support the involvement of corticosterone in the SB-277011-A effects in restrained animals. Additionally, the ratios p-mTOR/mTOR and/or p-ERK1/2 /ERK1/2 in the BLA during stress-induced relapse seem to be related to the locomotor activity of animals receiving 48 mg/kg of the antagonist. Hence, our study indicates the D3R antagonist's efficacy to prevent stress-induced relapses in drug use through distinct modulation of Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways in memory-processing nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Franco-García
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rocío Guerrero-Bautista
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juana María Hidalgo
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoria Gómez-Murcia
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Victoria Milanés
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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16
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Yuen J, Goyal A, Rusheen AE, Kouzani AZ, Berk M, Kim JH, Tye SJ, Abulseoud OA, Oesterle TS, Blaha CD, Bennet KE, Lee KH, Oh Y, Shin H. Oxycodone-induced dopaminergic and respiratory effects are modulated by deep brain stimulation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1199655. [PMID: 37408764 PMCID: PMC10318172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Opioids are the leading cause of overdose death in the United States, accounting for almost 70,000 deaths in 2020. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising new treatment for substance use disorders. Here, we hypothesized that VTA DBS would modulate both the dopaminergic and respiratory effect of oxycodone. Methods: Multiple-cyclic square wave voltammetry (M-CSWV) was used to investigate how deep brain stimulation (130 Hz, 0.2 ms, and 0.2 mA) of the rodent ventral segmental area (VTA), which contains abundant dopaminergic neurons, modulates the acute effects of oxycodone administration (2.5 mg/kg, i.v.) on nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) tonic extracellular dopamine levels and respiratory rate in urethane-anesthetized rats (1.5 g/kg, i.p.). Results: I.V. administration of oxycodone resulted in an increase in NAcc tonic dopamine levels (296.9 ± 37.0 nM) compared to baseline (150.7 ± 15.5 nM) and saline administration (152.0 ± 16.1 nM) (296.9 ± 37.0 vs. 150.7 ± 15.5 vs. 152.0 ± 16.1, respectively, p = 0.022, n = 5). This robust oxycodone-induced increase in NAcc dopamine concentration was associated with a sharp reduction in respiratory rate (111.7 ± 2.6 min-1 vs. 67.9 ± 8.3 min-1; pre- vs. post-oxycodone; p < 0.001). Continuous DBS targeted at the VTA (n = 5) reduced baseline dopamine levels, attenuated the oxycodone-induced increase in dopamine levels to (+39.0% vs. +95%), and respiratory depression (121.5 ± 6.7 min-1 vs. 105.2 ± 4.1 min-1; pre- vs. post-oxycodone; p = 0.072). Discussion: Here we demonstrated VTA DBS alleviates oxycodone-induced increases in NAcc dopamine levels and reverses respiratory suppression. These results support the possibility of using neuromodulation technology for treatment of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yuen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Abhinav Goyal
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Aaron E. Rusheen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Abbas Z. Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Susannah J. Tye
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Charles D. Blaha
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kevin E. Bennet
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kendall H. Lee
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yoonbae Oh
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hojin Shin
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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17
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Gao W, Pan T, Fan G, Cui J, Wang T, Huang N, Jiang C, Ma L, Wang F, Liu X, Le Q. Enhanced heroin analgesic effect in male offspring of sires who self-administered heroin. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1211897. [PMID: 37388448 PMCID: PMC10303812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1211897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A growing body of evidence suggests that parental substance abuse, even prior to conception, may induce phenotypic changes in offspring. Parental opioid exposure has been shown to affect developmental processes, induce memory deficits, and lead to psycho-emotional disorders in offspring. However, how parental, especially paternal, chronic drug exposure affects offspring remains unexplored. Methods: Adult male rats were subjected to 31 days of heroin self-administration followed by mating with naïve females. Litter size and body weight of F1 offspring were recorded. Object-based attention tests, cocaine self-administration tests, and hot plate tests were used to test for potential effects of chronic paternal heroin seeking on cognition, reward, or analgesic sensitivity in the offspring. Results: Body weight and litter size of the heroin F1 generation were not altered compared to the saline F1 generation. Furthermore, paternal chronic heroin self-administration experience had no significant effect on object-based attention tests or cocaine self-administration behavior in either sex. However, in the hot plate test, although no difference in basal latency was found between the two groups in either sex, a significant increase in the analgesic effect of heroin was observed in the male heroin F1 generation. Conclusions: Taken together, these data provide evidence that paternal chronic heroin self-administration experience could sex-dimorphically increase the analgesic effect of heroin in male offspring, but had no significant effect on response to cocaine reinforcement or attentional behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan Ma
- *Correspondence: Qiumin Le, ; Lan Ma,
| | | | | | - Qiumin Le
- *Correspondence: Qiumin Le, ; Lan Ma,
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18
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Cushnie AK, Tang W, Heilbronner SR. Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109083. [PMID: 37240428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, is a crucial functional network that is disrupted in addiction. Individuals with addiction display dysfunctional structural and functional connectivity of the SN. Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence regarding the SN, addiction, and the relationship between the two, there are still many unknowns, and there are fundamental limitations to human neuroimaging studies. At the same time, advances in molecular and systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers to manipulate neural circuits in nonhuman animals with increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts to translate human functional networks to nonhuman animals to uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, we review the structural and functional connections of the salience network and its homology across species. We then describe the existing literature in which circuit-specific perturbation of the SN sheds light on how functional cortical networks operate, both within and outside the context of addiction. Finally, we highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies of the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana K Cushnie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Computer Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Sarah R Heilbronner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Sayson LV, Lee HJ, Ortiz DM, Kim M, Custodio RJP, Lee CH, Lee YS, Cheong JH, Kim HJ. The differential vulnerabilities of Per2 knockout mice to the addictive properties of methamphetamine and cocaine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 126:110782. [PMID: 37141987 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
With the pervasive occurrence of substance abuse worldwide, unraveling the neuropharmacology of drugs of abuse, such as psychostimulants, is undeniably essential. Mice lacking Period 2 (Per2), a gene associated with the biological time-regulating system or circadian rhythm, have been proposed as a potential animal model for drug abuse vulnerability, demonstrating a greater preference for methamphetamine (METH) reward than wild-type (WT) mice. However, the responses of Per2 knockout (KO) mice to the reinforcing effects of METH or other psychostimulants are yet to be established. In this study, the responses of WT and Per2 KO mice to various psychostimulants via intravenous self-administration were determined, along with their behaviors in METH- or cocaine (COC)-induced conditioned place preference and spontaneous locomotion in the open-field test. Per2 KO mice exhibited greater addiction-like responses to METH and 5-EAPB (1-(1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-ethylpropan-2-amine), but their responses to COC and dimethocaine were comparable to WT mice, indicating a divergent influence of Per2 deficiency on abuse susceptibility to specific psychostimulants. To potentially define the underlying mechanism for this phenotype, 19 differentially expressed genes were identified, through RNA sequencing, which might respond specifically to repeated METH, but not COC, administration in the mouse striatum and were narrowed down to those previously associated with immediate early genes or synaptic plasticity. The correlation between locomotor activity and mRNA expression levels revealed a moderate correlation between METH-induced behavior and Arc or Junb expression in Per2 KO mice only, suggesting their essential role that may lead to the higher vulnerability of Per2 KO mice to METH, but not COC. These findings indicate a potentially unique effect of Per2 expression level on the involvement of Arc and Junb in determining specific vulnerabilities to drugs, and possibly including abuse potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Val Sayson
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Lee
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Darlene Mae Ortiz
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Life Science, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Raly James Perez Custodio
- Department of Ergonomics, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors - IfADo, Ardeystr. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Chae Hyeon Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Institute for New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Sun M, Wu C, Liu L, Gu L, Wang Z, Xu F, Zhu D. Interplay between the renin angiotensin system and oxidative stress contributes to alcohol addiction by stimulating dopamine accumulation in the mesolimbic pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115578. [PMID: 37137415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has recently been implicated in the development of substance abuse and addiction. However, the integrative roles of the two counter-regulating RAS arms, including the ACE1/Ang II/AT1R axis and the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR axis, in alcohol addiction remain unclear. Using the 20% ethanol intermittent-access two-bottle-choice (IA2BC) paradigm, we observed significant alcohol preference and addictive behaviors in rats. Additionally, we observed significant disruption in the RAS and redox homeostasis in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), as indicated by upregulation of ACE1 activities, Ang II levels, AT1R expression, and glutathione disulfide contents, as well as downregulation of ACE2 activities, Ang(1-7) levels, MasR expression and glutathione content. Moreover, dopamine accumulated in the VTA and nucleus accumbens of IA2BC rats. Intra-VTA infusion of the antioxidant tempol substantially attenuated RAS imbalance and addictive behaviors. Intra-VTA infusion of the ACE1 inhibitor captopril significantly reduced oxidative stress, alcohol preference, addictive behaviors, and dopamine accumulation, whereas intra-VTA infusion of the ACE2 inhibitor MLN4760 had the opposite effects. The anti-addictive effects of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR axis were further observed using intra-VTA infusion of Ang(1-7) and a MasR-specific antagonist A779. Therefore, our findings suggest that excessive alcohol intake causes RAS imbalance via oxidative stress, and that a dysregulated RAS in the VTA contributes to alcohol addiction by stimulating oxidative stress and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Breaking the vicious cycle of RAS imbalance and oxidative stress using brain-permeable antioxidants, ACE1 inhibitors, ACE2 activators, or Ang(1-7) mimetics thus represents a promising strategy for combating alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, PR China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, PR China
| | - Liang Gu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, PR China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Donglin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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21
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Sullivan M, Fernandez-Aranda F, Camacho-Barcia L, Harkin A, Macrì S, Mora-Maltas B, Jiménez-Murcia S, O'Leary A, Ottomana AM, Presta M, Slattery D, Scholtz S, Glennon JC. Insulin and Disorders of Behavioural Flexibility. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105169. [PMID: 37059405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural inflexibility is a symptom of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease, encompassing the maintenance of a behaviour even when no longer appropriate. Recent evidence suggests that insulin signalling has roles apart from its regulation of peripheral metabolism and mediates behaviourally-relevant central nervous system (CNS) functions including behavioural flexibility. Indeed, insulin resistance is reported to generate anxious, perseverative phenotypes in animal models, with the Type 2 diabetes medication metformin proving to be beneficial for disorders including Alzheimer's Disease. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies of Type 2 diabetes patients have highlighted aberrant connectivity in regions governing salience detection, attention, inhibition and memory. As currently available therapeutic strategies feature high rates of resistance, there is an urgent need to better understand the complex aetiology of behaviour and develop improved therapeutics. In this review, we explore the circuitry underlying behavioural flexibility, changes in Type 2 diabetes, the role of insulin in CNS outcomes and mechanisms of insulin involvement across disorders of behavioural inflexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairéad Sullivan
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Harkin
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simone Macrì
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aet O'Leary
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angela Maria Ottomana
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Presta
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Sun JT, Hu B, Chen TQ, Chen ZH, Shang YX, Li YT, Wang R, Wang W. Internet addiction-induced brain structure and function alterations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity studies. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:329-342. [PMID: 36899209 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00762-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) is a growing social concern and has been intensively studied in recent years. Previous imaging studies have shown that IA may impair brain structure and function, but with no robust conclusions. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies in IA. Two separate meta-analyses were conducted for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) studies. All meta-analyses were performed using two analysis methods activation likelihood estimation (ALE) and seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI). The ALE analysis of VBM studies revealed less gray matter volume (GMV) in the supplementary motor area (SMA) (1176 mm3), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (one cluster size is 744 mm3 and the other is 688 mm3), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (624 mm3) in subjects with IA. The SDM-PSI analysis showed less GMV in the ACC (56 voxels). The ALE analysis of rsFC studies showed stronger rsFC from posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (880 mm3) or insula (712 mm3) to the whole brain in subjects with IA; however, the SDM-PSI analysis revealed no obvious rsFC alteration. These changes may underlie the core symptoms of IA, which include emotional regulation disorder, distraction, and impaired executive control. Our results reflect the common features of neuroimaging studies related to IA in recent years and may potentially help inform the development of more effective diagnostic and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Sun
- Department of Medical Technology, Middle section of Century Avenue, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712046, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian-Qi Chen
- Institute of basic medicine, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhu-Hong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Shang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Military medical center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Middle section of Century Avenue, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712046, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China. .,Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Sadaka AH, Canuel J, Febo M, Johnson CT, Bradshaw HB, Ortiz R, Ciumo F, Kulkarni P, Gitcho MA, Ferris CF. Effects of inhaled cannabis high in Δ9-THC or CBD on the aging brain: A translational MRI and behavioral study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1055433. [PMID: 36819730 PMCID: PMC9930474 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1055433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the recent legalization of inhaled cannabis for medicinal and recreational use, the elderly represents one of the newest, rapidly growing cohorts of cannabis users. To understand the neurobiological effects of cannabis on the aging brain, 19-20 months old mice were divided into three groups exposed to vaporized cannabis containing ~10% Δ9-THC, ~10% CBD, or placebo for 30 min each day. Voxel based morphometry, diffusion weighted imaging, and resting state functional connectivity data were gathered after 28 days of exposure and following a two-week washout period. Tail-flick, open field, and novel object preference tests were conducted to explore analgesic, anxiolytic, and cognitive effects of cannabis, respectively. Vaporized cannabis high in Δ9-THC and CBD achieved blood levels reported in human users. Mice showed antinociceptive effects to chronic Δ9-THC without tolerance while the anxiolytic and cognitive effects of Δ9-THC waned with treatment. CBD had no effect on any of the behavioral measures. Voxel based morphometry showed a decrease in midbrain dopaminergic volume to chronic Δ9-THC followed but an increase after a two-week washout. Fractional anisotropy values were reduced in the same area by chronic Δ9-THC, suggesting a reduction in gray matter volume. Cannabis high in CBD but not THC increased network strength and efficiency, an effect that persisted after washout. These data would indicate chronic use of inhaled cannabis high in Δ9-THC can be an effective analgesic but not for treatment of anxiety or cognitive decline. The dopaminergic midbrain system was sensitive to chronic Δ9-THC but not CBD showing robust plasticity in volume and water diffusivity prior to and following drug cessation an effect possibly related to the abuse liability of Δ9-THC. Chronic inhaled CBD resulted in enhanced global network connectivity that persisted after drug cessation. The behavioral consequences of this sustained change in brain connectivity remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen H. Sadaka
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin Canuel
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Clare T. Johnson
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Heather B. Bradshaw
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Richard Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Federica Ciumo
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael A. Gitcho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States
| | - Craig F. Ferris
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States,Departments of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Craig F. Ferris,
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24
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Asth L, Cruz LC, Soyombo N, Rigo P, Moreira FA. Effects of β -caryophyllene, A Dietary Cannabinoid, in Animal Models of Drug Addiction. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:213-218. [PMID: 36173065 PMCID: PMC10190141 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220927115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene found in Cannabis and other plants. BCP is currently used as a food additive, although pharmacological studies suggest its potential therapeutic application for the treatment of certain brain disorders. The mechanisms of action of BCP remain uncertain, possibly including full agonism at the cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CB2R). OBJECTIVE The study aims to investigate BCP's potential as a new drug for the treatment of substance use disorders by reviewing preclinical studies with animal models. RESULTS BCP has been investigated in behavioral paradigms, including drug self-administration, conditioned place preference, and intracranial self-stimulation; the drugs tested were cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, and methamphetamine. Remarkably, BCP prevented or reversed behavioral changes resulting from drug exposure. As expected, the mechanism of action entails CB2R activation, although this is unlikely to constitute the only molecular target to explain such effects. Another potential target is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies have reported promising results with BCP in animal models of substance use disorders. Further research, including studies in humans, are warranted to establish its therapeutic potential and its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Asth
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cardoso Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Soyombo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro Rigo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A. Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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25
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. An Ontological, Anthropological, and Psychoanalytic Perspective on Physician Burnout. Cureus 2023; 15:e34282. [PMID: 36855502 PMCID: PMC9968505 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-industrialization, societies have evolved with profound changes in ways of life. However, it was not until just recently that the overall impact of its deleterious and pernicious effects has been widely recognized, studied, and accepted. In the last few years, increased rates of stress and burnout (BO) not only affect clinicians, personally, but health care systems across the nation. The understanding of BO in the realm of current nosological limitations lacks context and is often unrecognized given the stigma associated with mental illness. However, the emerging data regarding this syndrome is highly concerning. Its impact on professionals and leaders across various disciplines is puzzling and underscores the nature and extent of the problem. A search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted from the date of inception until June 2022 using the keywords Burnout", "Mental Health"," Physicians", "Addiction", "Health Care Workers", "Anthropology", "Psychopathology", Philosophy", "Wellness". The search resulted in the identification of 135 articles; 56 articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. Post-pandemic BO has reached distressing levels. BO remains poorly understood highly complex and has multifactorial etiology which is now included in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an occupational phenomenon. Besides being linked with known factors such as long work hours, administrative burdens, and a lack of control over one's work environment there are many confounders. It is a serious issue that can have negative consequences for both the physician and the patient, and therefore mitigation strategies are needed. The awareness of these unmanifested conflicts, mindfulness training, limiting addictive habits, and efforts toward wellness may provide some alternative solutions. Lastly, developing a coherent philosophy may be useful for distress tolerance, dealing with ambiguity related to the profession, and paving the way to a more meaningful life.
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26
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Anggadiredja K, Amalia L, Haq FA. Ameliorating Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Nicotine Dependence and Quality of Life in Smokers. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-127882. [PMID: 36443980 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666221128141647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safer and effective alternatives to manage nicotine dependence are still required. Preliminary studies have shown the potential of virgin coconut oil (VCO) to be used in dependence treatment. OBJECTIVE to assess the VCO effect administered for 14 days on nicotine dependence and quality of life. METHODS Forty smoking subjects participated in an open-label, single-center, pre/post-intervention study, and were required to take 15 ml VCO twice daily for 14 days. They were evaluated with the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) for nicotine dependence intensity and EuroQol-visual analogue scales (EQ VAS) for quality of life. RESULTS The VCO regimen improved FTND (0.53 points decrease, p<0.05) and EQ-VAS (5.85 points increase p<0.01) scores. Adverse events were all mild. CONCLUSION Results of the present study suggest that VCO has the potential to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy for the management of nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusnandar Anggadiredja
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Lia Amalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Fahmy Ahsanul Haq
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
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27
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Schoenrock SA, Gagnon L, Olson A, Leonardo M, Philip VM, He H, Reinholdt LG, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Jentsch JD, Chesler EJ, Tarantino LM. The collaborative cross strains and their founders vary widely in cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:886524. [PMID: 36275853 PMCID: PMC9580558 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.886524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use and overdose deaths attributed to cocaine have increased significantly in the United States in the last 10 years. Despite the prevalence of cocaine use disorder (CUD) and the personal and societal problems it presents, there are currently no approved pharmaceutical treatments. The absence of treatment options is due, in part, to our lack of knowledge about the etiology of CUDs. There is ample evidence that genetics plays a role in increasing CUD risk but thus far, very few risk genes have been identified in human studies. Genetic studies in mice have been extremely useful for identifying genetic loci and genes, but have been limited to very few genetic backgrounds, leaving substantial phenotypic, and genetic diversity unexplored. Herein we report the measurement of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization using a 19-day protocol that captures baseline locomotor activity, initial locomotor response to an acute exposure to cocaine and locomotor sensitization across 5 exposures to the drug. These behaviors were measured in 51 genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) strains along with their inbred founder strains. The CC was generated by crossing eight genetically diverse inbred strains such that each inbred CC strain has genetic contributions from each of the founder strains. Inbred CC mice are infinitely reproducible and provide a stable, yet diverse genetic platform on which to study the genetic architecture and genetic correlations among phenotypes. We have identified significant differences in cocaine locomotor sensitivity and behavioral sensitization across the panel of CC strains and their founders. We have established relationships among cocaine sensitization behaviors and identified extreme responding strains that can be used in future studies aimed at understanding the genetic, biological, and pharmacological mechanisms that drive addiction-related behaviors. Finally, we have determined that these behaviors exhibit relatively robust heritability making them amenable to future genetic mapping studies to identify addiction risk genes and genetic pathways that can be studied as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Schoenrock
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Leona Gagnon
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Ashley Olson
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Michael Leonardo
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Vivek M. Philip
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Hao He
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Laura G. Reinholdt
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - James D. Jentsch
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Elissa J. Chesler
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Lisa M. Tarantino
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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28
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Zhao Y, Qin F, Han S, Li S, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tian J, Cen X. MicroRNAs in drug addiction: Current status and future perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Miller AE, Daiwile AP, Cadet JL. Sex-Dependent Alterations in the mRNA Expression of Enzymes Involved in Dopamine Synthesis and Breakdown After Methamphetamine Self-Administration. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1464-1478. [PMID: 35834057 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences have been reported in methamphetamine (METH) use disorder in humans and in animal models of METH exposure. Specifically, animals that self-administer METH show sex-related dissimilarities in dopamine (DA) metabolism. To better understand the molecular bases for the differences in DA metabolism, we measured the levels of mRNAs of enzymes that catalyze DA synthesis and breakdown in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsal striatum (dSTR), and hippocampus (HIP) of rats that had self-administered METH. There were significant sex differences in control rats, with males having higher basal levels of Th in the PFC and dSTR, Ddc in the NAc, and MaoB in the HIP. In contrast, female controls showed higher basal levels of Comt in the HIP. Male and female METH SA rats also showed some distinct responses to the drug. Specifically, female METH rats exhibited increased expression of Ddc and MaoB, whereas male METH animals showed higher levels of Comt mRNA in the PFC compared to their respective controls. In the NAc, male METH rats displayed decreased Th and Ddc mRNA levels. Together, our results identified sex-dependent and region-specific changes in the mRNA expression of several enzymes involved in DA synthesis and breakdown in response to METH SA, with the majority of differences being observed in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system. These findings are of significant translational importance providing further support for the inclusion of sex as an important variable when planning and evaluating therapeutic interventions against METH use disorder in human clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron E Miller
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Atul P Daiwile
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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30
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Okita K, Matsumoto T, Funada D, Murakami M, Kato K, Shigemoto Y, Sato N, Matsuda H. Potential Treat-to-Target Approach for Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Pilot Study of Adenosine 2A Receptor Antagonist With Positron Emission Tomography. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820447. [PMID: 35645814 PMCID: PMC9130733 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The misuse of stimulant drugs such as methamphetamine is a global public health issue. One important neurochemical mechanism of methamphetamine use disorder may be altered dopaminergic neurotransmission. For instance, previous studies using positron emission tomography (PET) have consistently shown that striatal dopamine D2-type receptor availability (quantified as binding potential; BPND) is lower in methamphetamine use disorder. Further, methamphetamine use is known to induce chronic neuroinflammation through multiple physiological pathways. Upregulation of D2-type receptor and/or attenuation of neuroinflammation may therefore provide a therapeutic effect for this disorder. In vitro studies have shown that blockage of adenosine 2A (A2A) receptors may prevent D2-receptor downregulation and neuroinflammation-related brain damage. However, no study has examined this hypothesis yet.Methods and Analysis: Using a within-subject design, this trial will assess the effect of the selective A2A receptor antagonist, istradefylline, primarily on D2-type BPND in the striatum, and secondarily on neuroinflammation in the whole brain in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. The research hypotheses are that istradefylline will increase striatal D2-type BPND and attenuate neuroinflammation. Twenty participants with methamphetamine use disorder, aged 20–65, will be recruited to undergo [11C]raclopride PET (for every participant) and [11C]DAA1106 PET (if applicable) once before and once after administration of 40 mg/day istradefylline for 2 weeks. Neuropsychological measurements will be performed on the same days of the PET scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoji Okita
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kyoji Okita,
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Funada
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Shigemoto
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Drug Discovery and Cyclotron Research Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Lu J, Liu L, Zheng J, Zhou Z. Interaction between self-perceived disease control and self-management behaviours among Chinese middle-aged and older hypertensive patients: the role of subjective life expectancy. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:733. [PMID: 35418023 PMCID: PMC9006433 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the effective ways to control hypertension is long-term self-management, which is difficult to maintain. Therefore, understanding how people engage in the process of self-management behaviour change is necessary. In this study, we aimed to examine the dynamic relationship between self-perceived disease control and self-management behaviours in Chinese middle-aged and older hypertensive patients, namely, medication use, self-monitoring, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol avoidance, and to explore the mediating role of subjective life expectancy (SLE) on this relationship. Methods Data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of 508 middle-aged and older hypertensive patients (aged 45+) from the 2013, 2015, and 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. A cross-lagged panel model combined with mediation analysis was used to determine the dynamic relationship between self-perceived disease control and self-management behaviours and to clarify the mediating effect of SLE on this ascertained relationship. Results Good self-perceived disease control subsequently predicted good medication use, self-monitoring and physical activity, and vice versa. Subjective life expectancy (SLE) partially mediated the prospective reciprocal relationships between self-perceived disease control and these self-management behaviours, which accounted for 37.11, 25.88, and 19.39% of the total effect of self-perceived disease control on medication use, self-monitoring and physical activity, respectively. These self-management behaviours had a significant and positive feedback effect on self-perceived disease control. However, neither the direct and indirect effects (via SLE) of self-perceived disease control on tobacco and alcohol avoidance were revealed. Conclusions Positive feedback loops of present self-perceived disease control, future SLE and self-management behaviours (medication use, self-monitoring, and physical activity) help middle-aged and older hypertensive patients adhere to these behaviours but are useless for the avoidance of addictive behaviours. Interventions aimed at enhancing the effect perception of general self-management behaviours (e.g., medication use, self-monitoring and physical activity) on the present disease control perspective, and future lifespan perspective would be beneficial for the consistent self-management behaviours of middle-aged and older hypertensive patients. The utility of present disease control perception to these self-management behaviours was much higher than the utility of future expectations. Alternative stress relief strategies may be conducive to long-term changes in addictive behaviours. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12990-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linhui Liu
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiaming Zheng
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhou
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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32
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Su H, Bai J, Fan Y, Sun T, Du Y, Li Y, Wei Z, Chen T, Guo X, Yun K. The distinct roles of various neurotransmitters in modulating methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in relevant brain regions in mice. Neuroreport 2022; 33:101-108. [PMID: 34966126 PMCID: PMC8812429 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that methamphetamine (METH) can induce complex adaptive changes in the reward system in the brain, including the changes in the content of neurotransmitters in the signal transduction pathway. However, how the changes of various neurotransmitters in relevant brain reward circuits contribute to METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) remains unclear. METHODS In this study, first, we designed an animal model of METH-induced CPP. Then we used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to simultaneously determine the contents of various neurotransmitters - dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), glutamic acid (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) - in different brain regions of the prefrontal cortex (PFc), nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate-putamen (CPu) and hippocampus (Hip), which are believed to be relevant to the drug's reward effect. RESULTS The results of the behavioral experiment suggested that 1.0 mg/kg METH could induce obvious CPP in mice. The results about various neurotransmitters showed that: DA significantly increased in NAc in the METH group; Glu increased significantly in the METH group in PFc and NAc and Gln increased significantly in the METH group in PFc. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that the neurotransmitters of DA, Glu and Gln may work together and play important roles in METH-induced CPP in relevant brain reward circuits, especially in PFc and NAc. These findings therefore could help to advance the comprehensive understanding of the neurochemic and psychopharmacologic properties of METH in reward effect, which is important for future improvements in the treatment of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Su
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing
| | - Junmei Bai
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
| | - Tingting Sun
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Foreign Languages, Taiyuan
| | - Zhiwen Wei
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangjie Guo
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
| | - Keming Yun
- Department of School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Binge eating, a core diagnostic symptom in binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa, increases the risk of multiple physiological and psychiatric disorders. The neurotransmitter dopamine is involved in food craving, decision making, executive functioning, and impulsivity personality trait; all of which contribute to the development and maintenance of binge eating. The objective of this paper is to review the associations of dopamine levels/activities, dopamine regulator (e.g., dopamine transporter, degrading enzymes) levels/activities, and dopamine receptor availability/affinity with binge eating. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO to obtain human and animal studies published since 2010. RESULTS A total of 31 studies (25 human, six animal) were included. Among the human studies, there were 12 case-control studies, eight randomized controlled trials, and five cross-sectional studies. Studies used neuroimaging (e.g., positron emission tomography), genetic, and pharmacological (e.g., dopamine transporter inhibitor) techniques to describe or compare dopamine levels/activities, dopamine transporter levels/activities, dopamine degrading enzyme (e.g., catechol-O-methyltransferase) levels/activities, and dopamine receptor (e.g., D1, D2) availability/affinity among participants with and without binge eating. Most human and animal studies supported an altered dopaminergic state in binge eating (26/31, 83.9%); however, results were divergent regarding whether the altered state was hyperdopaminergic (9/26, 34.6%) or hypodopaminergic (17/26, 65.4%). The mixed findings may be partially explained by the variability in sample characteristics, study design, diagnosis criteria, and neuroimaging/genetic/pharmacological techniques used. However, it is possible that instead of being mutually exclusive, the hyperdopaminergic and hypodopaminergic state may co-exist, but in different stages of binge eating or in different individual genotypes. CONCLUSIONS For future studies to clarify the inconsistent findings, a homogenous sample that controls for confounders that may influence dopamine levels (e.g., psychiatric diseases) is preferable. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate whether the hyper- and hypo-dopaminergic states co-exist in different stages of binge eating or co-exist in individual phenotypes. Binge eating is characterized by eating a large amount of food in a short time and a feeling of difficulty to stop while eating. Binge eating is the defining symptom of binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa, both of which are associated with serious health consequences. Studies have identified several psychological risk factors of binge eating, including a strong desire for food, impaired cognitive skills, and distinct personality traits (e.g., quick action without careful thinking). However, the physiological markers of binge eating remain unclear. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is heavily involved in feeding behavior, human motivation, cognitive ability, and personality. Therefore, dopamine is believed to play a critical role in binge eating. This review synthesized study findings related to the levels and activities of dopamine, dopamine regulators, and dopamine receptors in the context of binge eating. The primary finding is that most studies that used neuroimaging, genetic, or drug techniques found an altered dopaminergic state related to binge eating. However, the literature is inconsistent concerning the direction of the alteration. Considering the mixed findings and the limitations in study design, future studies, especially those that include repeated measurements, are needed to clarify the role of dopamine in binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Renee Miller
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, 303F Meliora Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Susan W Groth
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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34
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Tan X, Ingraham CM, McBride WJ, Ding ZM. The involvement of mesolimbic dopamine system in cotinine self-administration in rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 417:113596. [PMID: 34562552 PMCID: PMC8578415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cotinine is the major metabolite of nicotine and has recently been shown to be self-administered intravenously by rats. However, mechanisms underlying cotinine self-administration remained unknown. Mesolimbic dopamine system projecting from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to nucleus accumbens (NAC) is closely implicated in drug reinforcement, including nicotine. The objective of the current study was to determine potential involvement of mesolimbic dopamine system in cotinine self-administration. An intracranial self-administration experiment demonstrates that cotinine at 0.88 and 1.76 ng/100 nl/infusion was self-infused into the VTA by rats. Rats produced more infusions of cotinine than vehicle and responded more on active than inactive lever during acquisition, reduced responding when cotinine was replaced by vehicle, and resumed responding during re-exposure to cotinine. Microinjection of cotinine at 1.76 ng/100 nl/infusion into the VTA increased extracellular dopamine levels within the NAC. Subcutaneous injection of cotinine at 1 mg/kg also increased extracellular dopamine levels within the NAC. Administration of the D1-like receptor antagonist SCH 23390 attenuated intravenous cotinine self-administration. On the other hand, bupropion, a catecholamine uptake inhibitor, did not significantly alter intravenous cotinine self-administration. These results suggest that activation of mesolimbic dopamine system may represent one cellular mechanism underlying cotinine self-administration. This shared mechanism between cotinine and nicotine suggests that cotinine may play a role in nicotine reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Cynthia M Ingraham
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - William J McBride
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Zheng-Ming Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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35
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Peltz G, Tan Y. What Have We Learned (or Expect to) From Analysis of Murine Genetic Models Related to Substance Use Disorders? Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:793961. [PMID: 35095607 PMCID: PMC8790171 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.793961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The tremendous public health problem created by substance use disorders (SUDs) presents a major opportunity for mouse genetics. Inbred mouse strains exhibit substantial and heritable differences in their responses to drugs of abuse (DOA) and in many of the behaviors associated with susceptibility to SUD. Therefore, genetic discoveries emerging from analysis of murine genetic models can provide critically needed insight into the neurobiological effects of DOA, and they can reveal how genetic factors affect susceptibility drug addiction. There are already indications, emerging from our prior analyses of murine genetic models of responses related to SUDs that mouse genetic models of SUD can provide actionable information, which can lead to new approaches for alleviating SUDs. Lastly, we consider the features of murine genetic models that enable causative genetic factors to be successfully identified; and the methodologies that facilitate genetic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Peltz
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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36
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Madadi Asl M, Vahabie AH, Valizadeh A, Tass PA. Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity Mediated by Dopamine and its Role in Parkinson's Disease Pathophysiology. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 2:817524. [PMID: 36926058 PMCID: PMC10013044 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2022.817524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multi-systemic neurodegenerative brain disorder. Motor symptoms of PD are linked to the significant dopamine (DA) loss in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) followed by basal ganglia (BG) circuit dysfunction. Increasing experimental and computational evidence indicates that (synaptic) plasticity plays a key role in the emergence of PD-related pathological changes following DA loss. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) mediated by DA provides a mechanistic model for synaptic plasticity to modify synaptic connections within the BG according to the neuronal activity. To shed light on how DA-mediated STDP can shape neuronal activity and synaptic connectivity in the PD condition, we reviewed experimental and computational findings addressing the modulatory effect of DA on STDP as well as other plasticity mechanisms and discussed their potential role in PD pathophysiology and related network dynamics and connectivity. In particular, reshaping of STDP profiles together with other plasticity-mediated processes following DA loss may abnormally modify synaptic connections in competing pathways of the BG. The cascade of plasticity-induced maladaptive or compensatory changes can impair the excitation-inhibition balance towards the BG output nuclei, leading to the emergence of pathological activity-connectivity patterns in PD. Pre-clinical, clinical as well as computational studies reviewed here provide an understanding of the impact of synaptic plasticity and other plasticity mechanisms on PD pathophysiology, especially PD-related network activity and connectivity, after DA loss. This review may provide further insights into the abnormal structure-function relationship within the BG contributing to the emergence of pathological states in PD. Specifically, this review is intended to provide detailed information for the development of computational network models for PD, serving as testbeds for the development and optimization of invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. Computationally derived hypotheses may accelerate the development of therapeutic stimulation techniques and potentially reduce the number of related animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Madadi Asl
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abdol-Hossein Vahabie
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Valizadeh
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Peter A Tass
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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37
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Luciana M, Collins PF. Is Adolescence a Sensitive Period for the Development of Incentive-Reward Motivation? Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 53:79-99. [PMID: 34784026 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Human adolescence is broadly construed as a time of heightened risk-taking and a vulnerability period for the emergence of psychopathology. These tendencies have been attributed to the age-related development of neural systems that mediate incentive motivation and other aspects of reward processing as well as individual difference factors that interact with ongoing development. Here, we describe the adolescent development of incentive motivation, which we view as an inherently positive developmental progression, and its associated neural mechanisms. We consider challenges in applying the sensitive period concept to these maturational events and discuss future directions that may help to clarify mechanisms of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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38
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Poisson CL, Engel L, Saunders BT. Dopamine Circuit Mechanisms of Addiction-Like Behaviors. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:752420. [PMID: 34858143 PMCID: PMC8631198 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.752420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Addiction is a complex disease that impacts millions of people around the world. Clinically, addiction is formalized as substance use disorder (SUD), with three primary symptom categories: exaggerated substance use, social or lifestyle impairment, and risky substance use. Considerable efforts have been made to model features of these criteria in non-human animal research subjects, for insight into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Here we review evidence from rodent models of SUD-inspired criteria, focusing on the role of the striatal dopamine system. We identify distinct mesostriatal and nigrostriatal dopamine circuit functions in behavioral outcomes that are relevant to addictions and SUDs. This work suggests that striatal dopamine is essential for not only positive symptom features of SUDs, such as elevated intake and craving, but also for impairments in decision making that underlie compulsive behavior, reduced sociality, and risk taking. Understanding the functional heterogeneity of the dopamine system and related networks can offer insight into this complex symptomatology and may lead to more targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carli L. Poisson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Liv Engel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Benjamin T. Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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39
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Alghamdi BS, Alshehri FS. Melatonin Blocks Morphine-Induced Place Preference: Involvement of GLT-1, NF-κB, BDNF, and CREB in the Nucleus Accumbens. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:762297. [PMID: 34720901 PMCID: PMC8551802 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.762297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid addiction remains a widespread issue despite continuous attempts by the FDA to help maintain abstinence. Melatonin is a neurohormone considered to be involved only in the neuroendocrine and reproductive systems; however, recent reports have demonstrated its potential to attenuate drug addiction and dependence. Cumulative studies have suggested that melatonin can attenuate the rewarding effects of several drugs of abuse, including opioids. This study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin (50 mg/kg) on morphine (5 mg/kg) to produce place preference. We also investigated the effect of melatonin and morphine on the expression of GLT-1, BDNF, NF-κB, and CREB within the nucleus accumbens. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, morphine, melatonin, and the morphine + melatonin groups. The study involved a two-phase habituation phase from day 1 to day 3 and an acquisition phase from day 5 to day 14. The conditioned place preference (CPP) score, distance traveled, resting time, ambulatory count, and total activity count were measured for all animals. Rats that received morphine showed a significant increase in CPP score compared to those in the control group. Morphine treatment reduced the mRNA expression of GLT-1, BDNF, and CREB and increased that of NF-κB. However, melatonin treatment administered 30 min before morphine treatment attenuated morphine place preference and reversed GLT-1, BDNF, NF-κB, and CREB expression levels. In conclusion, the study results indicate, for the first time, the new potential targets of melatonin in modulating morphine-induced CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrah S Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad S Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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40
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Zhao W, Zhao YL, Liu M, Liu L, Wang Y. Possible repair mechanisms of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors and protein hormones on methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7509-7516. [PMID: 34623593 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a highly addictive central stimulant with extensive and strong neurotoxicity. The neurotoxicity of methamphetamine is closely related to the imbalance of dopamine levels and the destruction of the blood-brain barrier. An increase in dopamine may induce adverse effects such as behavioral sensitization and excessive locomotion. Damage to the blood-brain barrier can cause toxic or harmful substances to leak to the central nervous system, leading to neurotoxicity. The renin-angiotensin system is essential for the regulation of dopamine levels in the brain. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 causes reward effects and behavioral sensitization by inducing dopamine release. Prolactin has been shown to be involved in the regulation of tight junction proteins and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. At present, the treatment of methamphetamine detoxification is still based on psychotherapy, and there is no specific medicine. With the rapid increase in global seizures of methamphetamine, the treatment of its toxicity has attracted more and more attention. This review intends to summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of renin-angiotensin inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors and protein hormones (prolactin) on methamphetamine neurotoxicity. The repair effects of these three on methamphetamine may be related to the maintenance of brain dopamine balance and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. This review is expected to provide the new therapeutic strategy of methamphetamine toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Drug Control, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, 110854, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Drug Control, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, 110854, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Okita K, Kato K, Shigemoto Y, Sato N, Matsumoto T, Matsuda H. Effects of an Adenosine A 2A Receptor Antagonist on Striatal Dopamine D2-Type Receptor Availability: A Randomized Control Study Using Positron Emission Tomography. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:729153. [PMID: 34588952 PMCID: PMC8475186 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.729153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Altered dopaminergic neurotransmission, especially in the functioning of dopamine D2-type receptors, is considered central to the etiology of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular, individuals with substance use disorders have been consistently observed to exhibit lower D2-type receptor availability (quantified as binding potential; BPND) using positron emission tomography (PET). Upregulation of D2-type receptor density thus may therefore provide a therapeutic effect for substance use disorders. Importantly, in vitro studies reveal that D2 receptors coexist with adenosine 2A (A2A) receptors to form the highest density of heteromers in the whole striatum, and there is a functional interaction between these two receptors. As such, blockade of A2A receptor's function may prevent D2 receptor downregulation, yet no study has currently examined this hypothesis in humans. Methods and Analysis: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of the A2A receptor antagonist istradefylline (compared to placebo) on both dopamine D2-type receptor availability in the human brain and on neuropsychological measurements of impulsivity. It is hypothesized that istradefylline will both increase striatal D2-type BPND and improve control of impulsivity more than placebo. Forty healthy participants, aged 20-65 with no history of psychiatric or neurological disorders, will be recruited and randomized into two groups and will undergo [11C]raclopride PET, once before and once after administration of either 40 mg/day istradefylline or placebo for 2 weeks. Neuropsychological measurements will be administered on the same days of the PET scans. Ethics and Dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Certified Review Boards (CRB) of National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (CR18-011) and prospectively registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031180131; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs031180131). The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer reviewed scientific journals and conferences. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier jRCTs031180131.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoji Okita
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Shigemoto
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Department of Radiology, Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Cyclotron and Drug Discovery Research Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Neuroplasticity and Multilevel System of Connections Determine the Integrative Role of Nucleus Accumbens in the Brain Reward System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189806. [PMID: 34575969 PMCID: PMC8471564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a significant role not only in the physiological processes associated with reward and satisfaction but also in many diseases of the central nervous system. Summary of the current state of knowledge on the morphological and functional basis of such a diverse function of this structure may be a good starting point for further basic and clinical research. The NAc is a part of the brain reward system (BRS) characterized by multilevel organization, extensive connections, and several neurotransmitter systems. The unique role of NAc in the BRS is a result of: (1) hierarchical connections with the other brain areas, (2) a well-developed morphological and functional plasticity regulating short- and long-term synaptic potentiation and signalling pathways, (3) cooperation among several neurotransmitter systems, and (4) a supportive role of neuroglia involved in both physiological and pathological processes. Understanding the complex function of NAc is possible by combining the results of morphological studies with molecular, genetic, and behavioral data. In this review, we present the current views on the NAc function in physiological conditions, emphasizing the role of its connections, neuroplasticity processes, and neurotransmitter systems.
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Shi Z, Pan S, Wang L, Li S. Oleanolic Acid Attenuates Morphine Withdrawal Symptoms in Rodents: Association with Regulation of Dopamine Function. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3685-3696. [PMID: 34465980 PMCID: PMC8402955 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oleanolic acid (OA) has been shown to be useful for the treatment of mental disorders. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of OA in animal models of spontaneous withdrawal and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and evaluated the effects of OA on the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Results OA significantly improved symptoms of withdrawal, and significantly reduced the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Moreover, OA significantly reduced the serum content of 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in a dose-dependent manner, and reduced norepinephrine (NE) and 5-HT content in the frontal cortex (PFC), while significantly increasing endorphin content in rats. OA also significantly reduced serum DA content in mice. Conclusion These results indicate that OA can improve the withdrawal symptoms of rats and mice by regulating the DA system and suggest that OA may be useful in treatment of morphine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou Institute of Industry and Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Longsha Medical Research Institute, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shugang Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, 213022, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luolin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- Longsha Medical Research Institute, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Sharma M, Shetty SS, Radhakrishnan R. Novel Pathways and Mechanism of Nicotine-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:66-79. [PMID: 34365933 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210806161312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) contains 9 times more nicotine than Smoked Tobacco (SMT). The carcinogenic effect of nicotine is intensified by converting nicotine-to-nicotine-derived Nitrosamines (NDNs). METHODS A review of the literature was conducted with a tailored search strategy to unravel the novel pathways and mechanisms of nicotine-induced oral carcinogenesis. RESULTS Nicotine and NDNs act on nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (nAChRs) as agonists. Nicotine facilitates cravings through α4β2nAChR and α7nAChR, via enhanced brain dopamine release. Nicotine binding to nAChR promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance, radioresistance, and metastasis of oral cancer cells. Nicotine binding to α7nAChR on keratinocytes triggers Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade promoting anti-apoptosis and pro-proliferative effects. Furthermore, the nicotine-enhanced metastasis is subdued on nAChR blockade through reduced nuclear localization of p-EGFR. CONCLUSION Protracted exposure to nicotine/NDN augments cancer-stimulatory α7nAChR and desensitizes cancer inhibitory α4β2nAChR. Since nAChRs dictate both addictive and carcinogenic effects of nicotine, it seems counterintuitive to designate nicotine just as an addictive agent devoid of any carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad - 121004. India
| | - Smitha S Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, (Karnataka). India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576104. India
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Peters KZ, Zlebnik NE, Cheer JF. Cannabis exposure during adolescence: A uniquely sensitive period for neurobiological effects. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2021; 161:95-120. [PMID: 34801175 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial developmental period where neural circuits are refined and the brain is especially vulnerable to external insults. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system undergoes changes during adolescence which affect the way in which it modulates the development of other systems, in particular dopamine circuits, which show protracted development into adolescence. Given the rise of cannabis use by adolescents and young people, as well as variants containing increasingly higher concentrations of THC, it is now crucial to understand the unique effects of adolescent exposure to cannabis on the developing brain and it might shape future adult vulnerabilities to conditions such as psychosis, schizophrenia, addiction and more. Here we discuss the development of the eCB system across the lifespan, how CB1 receptors modulate dopamine release and potential neurobiological and behavioral effects of adolescent THC exposure on the developing brain such as alterations in excitatory/inhibitory balance during this developmental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Z Peters
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom.
| | - N E Zlebnik
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J F Cheer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Valuation system connectivity is correlated with poly-drug use in young adults. Neurosci Res 2021; 173:114-120. [PMID: 34214618 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Poly-drug consumption contributes to fatal overdose in more than half of all poly-drug users. Analyzing decision-making networks may give insight into the motivations behind poly-drug use. We correlated average functional connectivity of the valuation system (VS), executive control system (ECS) and valuation-control complex (VCC) in a large population sample (n = 992) with drug use behaviour. VS connectivity is correlated with sedative use, ECS connectivity is separately correlated with hallucinogens and opiates. Network connectivity is also correlated with drug use via two-way interactions with other substances including alcohol and tobacco. These preliminary findings can contribute to our understanding of the common combinations of substance co-use and associated neural patterns.
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Marques A, Marconcin P, Werneck AO, Ferrari G, Gouveia ÉR, Kliegel M, Peralta M, Ihle A. Bidirectional Association between Physical Activity and Dopamine Across Adulthood-A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11070829. [PMID: 34201523 PMCID: PMC8301978 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) may influence the secretion of neurotransmitters and thereby have positive consequences for an individual’s vulnerability (i.e., reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms). This systematic review aims to analyse the potential bidirectional effects of exercise on dopamine from young adulthood to old age. The article search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in December 2020. The inclusion criteria were longitudinal and experimental study design; outcomes included dopamine and exercise; effect of exercise on dopamine and vice versa; adults; and articles published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Fifteen articles were included in the review. We observed robust findings concerning the potential effects of PA on dopamine, which notably seem to be observable across a wide range of participants characteristics (including age and sex), a variety of PA characteristics, and a broad set of methods to analyse dopamine. By contrast, regarding the potential effects of dopamine on PA, findings were mixed across studies. Thus, there are robust effects of physical exercise on dopamine. These findings further strengthen the idea that innovative approaches could include PA interventions for treating and preventing mental disorders. Therefore, it seems that PA is a potential alternative to deal with mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal; (A.M.); (M.P.)
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-214149100
| | - André O. Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil;
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170124, Chile;
| | - Élvio R. Gouveia
- Departamento de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal;
- Interactive Technologies Institute, LARSyS, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.K.); (A.I.)
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability, Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal; (A.M.); (M.P.)
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.K.); (A.I.)
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability, Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Chen APF, Chen L, Kim TA, Xiong Q. Integrating the Roles of Midbrain Dopamine Circuits in Behavior and Neuropsychiatric Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060647. [PMID: 34200134 PMCID: PMC8228225 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a behaviorally and clinically diverse neuromodulator that controls CNS function. DA plays major roles in many behaviors including locomotion, learning, habit formation, perception, and memory processing. Reflecting this, DA dysregulation produces a wide variety of cognitive symptoms seen in neuropsychiatric diseases such as Parkinson’s, Schizophrenia, addiction, and Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we review recent advances in the DA systems neuroscience field and explore the advancing hypothesis that DA’s behavioral function is linked to disease deficits in a neural circuit-dependent manner. We survey different brain areas including the basal ganglia’s dorsomedial/dorsolateral striatum, the ventral striatum, the auditory striatum, and the hippocampus in rodent models. Each of these regions have different reported functions and, correspondingly, DA’s reflecting role in each of these regions also has support for being different. We then focus on DA dysregulation states in Parkinson’s disease, addiction, and Alzheimer’s Disease, emphasizing how these afflictions are linked to different DA pathways. We draw upon ideas such as selective vulnerability and region-dependent physiology. These bodies of work suggest that different channels of DA may be dysregulated in different sets of disease. While these are great advances, the fine and definitive segregation of such pathways in behavior and disease remains to be seen. Future studies will be required to define DA’s necessity and contribution to the functional plasticity of different striatal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen PF Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Thomas A. Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Qiaojie Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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The influence of conditioned stimuli on [ 11C]-(+)-PHNO PET binding in tobacco smokers after a one week abstinence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11667. [PMID: 34083612 PMCID: PMC8175373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli previously paired with drugs of dependence can produce cravings that are associated with increased dopamine (DA) levels in limbic and striatal brain areas. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging with [11C]-(+)-PHNO allows for a sensitive measurement of changes in DA levels. The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in DA levels, measured with PET imaging with [11C]-(+)-PHNO, in regions of interest in smokers who had maintained abstinence for 7–10 days. Participants (N = 10) underwent two PET scans on separate days, during which they viewed either smoking-related or neutral images, in counterbalanced order. Craving was measured with the 12-item Tobacco Craving Questionnaire (TCQ) and the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-B). Compared to neutral cues, smoking cues did not increase craving. There were no changes in [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the cue condition compared to the neutral condition for most regions of interest (ventral pallidum, globus pallidus, limbic striatum, associative striatum, sensorimotor striatum). However, binding potential in the substantia nigra was greater in the smoking-cue condition, indicating decreased synaptic dopamine. There is a potential change of DA level occurring in midbrain following the presentation of smoking-related cues. However, this preliminary finding would need to be validated with a larger sample.
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Loganathan K, Ho ETW. Value, drug addiction and the brain. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106816. [PMID: 33453587 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, various models have been proposed to explain the psychology and biology of drug addiction, built primarily around the habit and compulsion models. Recent research indicates drug addiction may be goal-directed, motivated by excessive valuation of drugs. Drug consumption may initially occur for the sake of pleasure but may transition to a means of escaping withdrawal, stress and negative emotions. In this hypothetical paper, we propose a value-based neurobiological model for drug addiction. We posit that during dependency, the value-based decision-making system in the brain is not inactive but has instead prioritized drugs as the reward of choice. In support of this model, we consider the role of valuation in choice, its influence on pleasure and punishment, and how valuation is contrasted in impulsive and compulsive behaviours. We then discuss the neurobiology of value, beginning with the dopaminergic system and its relationship with incentive salience before moving to brain-wide networks involved in valuation, control and prospection. These value-based neurobiological components are then integrated into the cycle of addiction as we consider the development of drug dependency from a valuation perspective. We conclude with a discussion of cognitive interventions utilizing value-based decision-making, highlighting not just advances in recalibrating the valuation system to focus on non-drug rewards, but also areas for improvement in refining this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavinash Loganathan
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Tatt Wei Ho
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia; Dept of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Perak, Malaysia
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