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Zhang H, Wu Y, Zhang H, Sun N, Zhang H, Tian B, Zhang T, Wang K, Nan X, Zhang H. AtMYB72 aggravates photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative damage in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves caused by salt stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2371694. [PMID: 38916149 PMCID: PMC11204036 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2371694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
MYB transcription factor is one of the largest families in plants. There are more and more studies on plants responding to abiotic stress through MYB transcription factors, but the mechanism of some family members responding to salt stress is unclear. In this study, physiological and transcriptome techniques were used to analyze the effects of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor AtMYB72 on the growth and development, physiological function, and key gene response of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phenotypic observation showed that the damage of overexpression strain was more serious than that of Col-0 after salt treatment, while the mutant strain showed less salt injury symptoms. Under salt stress, the decrease of chlorophyll content, the degree of photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) and the degree of oxidative damage of overexpressed lines were significantly higher than those of Col-0. Transcriptome data showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by salt stress in overexpressed lines was significantly higher than that in Col-0. GO enrichment analysis showed that the response of AtMYB72 to salt stress was mainly by affecting gene expression in cell wall ectoplast, photosystem I and photosystem II, and other biological processes related to photosynthesis. Compared with Col-0, the overexpression of AtMYB72 under salt stress further inhibited the synthesis of chlorophyll a (Chla) and down-regulated most of the genes related to photosynthesis, which made the photosynthetic system more sensitive to salt stress. AtMYB72 also caused the outbreak of reactive oxygen species and the accumulation of malondialdehyde under salt stress, which decreased the activity and gene expression of key enzymes in SOD, POD, and AsA-GSH cycle, thus destroying the ability of antioxidant system to maintain redox balance. AtMYB72 negatively regulates the accumulation of osmotic regulatory substances such as soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) in A. thaliana leaves under salt stress, which enhances the sensitivity of Arabidopsis leaves to salt. To sum up, MYB72 negatively regulates the salt tolerance of A. thaliana by destroying the light energy capture, electron transport, and antioxidant capacity of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinuo Wu
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tanhang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Cold-Regions Wetlands Ecology and Environment Research, Harbin University, School of Geography and Tourism, Harbin, China
| | - Huiui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Sánchez-Fortún A, D'ors A, Fajardo C, Costa G, Sánchez-Fortún S. Influence of polyethylene-type microplastics on long-term exposure to heavy metals in freshwater phytoplankton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176151. [PMID: 39260488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of plastic materials has brought about significant social benefits but has also led to negative consequences, particularly their accumulation in aquatic environments. Studies have shown that small plastic particles, known as microplastics (MPs), can carry various harmful pollutants, such as heavy metals (HMs). Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the impact of polyethylene-type MPs on the long-term exposure of different HMs on freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus armatus and cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, in both isolated cultures and phytoplanktonic community conditions. Over a period of 28 days, the strains were subjected to concentrations of Ag+, Cu+2, and Cr+6 corresponding to their respective 72 h-EC10, with or without the presence of MPs. Throughout this period, the growth cell ratio, photosynthetic activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored. The findings indicated a substantial inhibitory impact on cell growth during the initial 7-14 days of exposure, followed by a reduction until reaching values like the controls after 28 days of exposure. There was a disturbance in photosynthetic activity during the first 72 h of exposure, which gradually returned to control levels, mainly significantly affected the respiration phase. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity was also affected during the initial 14 days of exposure. The presence or absence of MPs in the culture medium did not significantly alter the observed effects. However, interspecies competition created a more favorable environment for M. aeruginosa over the freshwater microalgae S. armatus. These findings suggest that the formation of MP-HMs complexes may have a limited impact on reducing the adverse effects of HMs in long-term exposures. However, because the impact depends on the specific HM involved, further studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the interaction between these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sánchez-Fortún
- Dpt. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), w/n Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A D'ors
- Dpt. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), w/n Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fajardo
- Dpt. of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - G Costa
- Dpt. of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, w/n Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Fortún
- Dpt. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), w/n Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Mani B, Kaur I, Dhingra Y, Saxena V, Krishna GK, Kumar R, Chinnusamy V, Agarwal M, Katiyar-Agarwal S. Tetraspanin 5 orchestrates resilience to salt stress through the regulation of ion and reactive oxygen species homeostasis in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 39356169 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Tetraspanins (TETs) are integral membrane proteins, characterized by four transmembrane domains and a unique signature motif in their large extracellular loop. They form dynamic supramolecular complexes called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs), through interactions with partner proteins. In plants, TETs are involved in development, reproduction and immune responses, but their role in defining abiotic stress responses is largely underexplored. We focused on OsTET5, which is differentially expressed under various abiotic stresses and localizes to both plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum. Using overexpression and underexpression transgenic lines we demonstrate that OsTET5 contributes to salinity and drought stress tolerance in rice. OsTET5 can interact with itself in yeast, suggesting homomer formation. Immunoblotting of native PAGE of microsomal fraction enriched from OsTET5-Myc transgenic rice lines revealed multimeric complexes containing OsTET5, suggesting the potential formation of TEM complexes. Transcriptome analysis, coupled with quantitative PCR-based validation, of OsTET5-altered transgenic lines unveiled the differential expression patterns of several stress-responsive genes, as well as those coding for transporters under salt stress. Notably, OsTET5 plays a crucial role in maintaining the ionic equilibrium during salinity stress, particularly by preserving an elevated potassium-to-sodium (K+/Na+) ratio. OsTET5 also regulates reactive oxygen species homeostasis, primarily by modulating the gene expression and activities of antioxidant pathway enzymes and proline accumulation. Our comprehensive investigation underscores the multifaceted role of OsTET5 in rice, accentuating its significance in developmental processes and abiotic stress tolerance. These findings open new avenues for potential strategies aimed at enhancing stress resilience and making valuable contributions to global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Mani
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Inderjit Kaur
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Yashika Dhingra
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidisha Saxena
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - G K Krishna
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Manu Agarwal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi North Campus, Delhi, India
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Kanbar A, Weinert CH, Kottutz D, Thinh L, Abuslima E, Kabil F, Hazman M, Egert B, Trierweiler B, Kulling SE, Nick P. Cold tolerance of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is linked to Cold Box Factor 4 and the dehydrin Xero2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:5857-5879. [PMID: 39023232 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Domesticated strawberry is susceptible to sudden frost episodes, limiting the productivity of this cash crop in regions where they are grown during early spring. In contrast, the ancestral woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) has successfully colonized many habitats of the Northern Hemisphere. Thus, this species seems to harbour genetic factors promoting cold tolerance. Screening a germplasm established in the frame of the German Gene Bank for Crop Wild Relatives, we identified, among 70 wild accessions, a pair with contrasting cold tolerance. By following the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and metabolic responses of this contrasting pair, we identified the transcription factor Cold Box Factor 4 and the dehydrin Xero2 as molecular markers associated with superior tolerance to cold stress. Overexpression of green fluorescent protein fusions with Xero2 in tobacco BY-2 cells conferred cold tolerance to these recipient cells. A detailed analysis of the metabolome for the two contrasting genotypes allows the definition of metabolic signatures correlated with cold tolerance versus cold stress. This work provides a proof-of-concept for the value of crop wild relatives as genetic resources to identify genetic factors suitable to increase the stress resilience of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Kanbar
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Hubertus Weinert
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - David Kottutz
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - La Thinh
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Eman Abuslima
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Farida Kabil
- Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hazman
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 9 Gamma-Street, Giza-12619, Egypt
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Juhayna Square, 26th of July Corridor, El Sheikh Zayed, Giza, Egypt
| | - Björn Egert
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bernhard Trierweiler
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sabine Emma Kulling
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Du P, He H, Wang J, Wang L, Meng Z, Jin X, Zhang L, Wang F, Li H, Xie Q. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the HMGR Gene Family in Taraxacum kok-saghyz Provide Insights into Its Regulation in Response to Ethylene and Methyl Jsamonate Treatments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2646. [PMID: 39339620 PMCID: PMC11435204 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
HMGR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase) plays a crucial role as the first rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, which is the upstream pathway of natural rubber biosynthesis. In this study, we carried out whole-genome identification of Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS), a novel rubber-producing alternative plant, and obtained six members of the TkHMGR genes. Bioinformatic analyses were performed including gene structure, protein properties, chromosomal localization, evolutionary relationships, and cis-acting element analyses. The results showed that HMGR genes were highly conserved during evolution with a complete HMG-CoA reductase conserved domain and were closely related to Asteraceae plants during the evolutionary process. The α-helix is the most prominent feature of the secondary structure of the TkHMGR proteins. Collinearity analyses demonstrated that a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event and tandem duplication event play a key role in the expansion of this family and TkHMGR1 and TkHMGR6 have more homologous gene between other species. Cis-acting element analysis revealed that the TkHMGR gene family had a higher number of MYB-related, light-responsive, hormone-responsive elements. In addition, we investigated the expression patterns of family members induced by ethylene (ETH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and their expression levels at different stages of T. kok-saghyz root development. Finally, subcellular localization results showed that six TkHMGR members were all located in the endoplasmic reticulum. In conclusion, the results of our study lay a certain theoretical basis for the subsequent improvement of rubber yield, molecular breeding of rubber-producing plants, and genetic improvement of T. kok-saghyz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Du
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Zhuang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Liyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Quanliang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
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6
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Białoskórska M, Rucińska A, Boczkowska M. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Freezing Tolerance in Plants: Implications for Cryopreservation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10110. [PMID: 39337593 PMCID: PMC11432106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a crucial technique for the long-term ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources, particularly in the context of global biodiversity decline. This process entails freezing biological material at ultra-low temperatures using liquid nitrogen, which effectively halts metabolic activities and preserves plant tissues over extended periods. Over the past seven decades, a plethora of techniques for cryopreserving plant materials have been developed. These include slow freezing, vitrification, encapsulation dehydration, encapsulation-vitrification, droplet vitrification, cryo-plates, and cryo-mesh techniques. A key challenge in the advancement of cryopreservation lies in our ability to understand the molecular processes underlying plant freezing tolerance. These mechanisms include cold acclimatization, the activation of cold-responsive genes through pathways such as the ICE-CBF-COR cascade, and the protective roles of transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, and epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, specialized proteins, such as antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, play crucial roles in protecting plant cells during freezing and thawing. Despite its potential, cryopreservation faces significant challenges, particularly in standardizing protocols for a wide range of plant species, especially those from tropical and subtropical regions. This review highlights the importance of ongoing research and the integration of omics technologies to improve cryopreservation techniques, ensuring their effectiveness across diverse plant species and contributing to global efforts regarding biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Białoskórska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute in Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
| | - Anna Rucińska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute in Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
- Botanical Garden, Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Polish Academy of Science, Prawdziwka 2, 02-976 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Maja Boczkowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute in Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
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Mayer S, Rolletschek H, Radchuk V, Wagner S, Ortleb S, Gündel A, Dehmer KJ, Gutjahr FT, Jakob PM, Borisjuk L. Metabolic imaging in living plants: A promising field for chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadq4424. [PMID: 39292788 PMCID: PMC11409970 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adq4424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a versatile technique in the biomedical field, but its application to the study of plant metabolism in vivo remains challenging because of magnetic susceptibility problems. In this study, we report the establishment of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) for plant MRI. This method enables noninvasive access to the metabolism of sugars and amino acids in complex sink organs (seeds, fruits, taproots, and tubers) of major crops (maize, barley, pea, potato, sugar beet, and sugarcane). Because of its high signal detection sensitivity and low susceptibility to magnetic field inhomogeneities, CEST analyzes heterogeneous botanical samples inaccessible to conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The approach provides unprecedented insight into the dynamics and distribution of sugars and amino acids in intact, living plant tissue. The method is validated by chemical shift imaging, infrared microscopy, chromatography, and mass spectrometry. CEST is a versatile and promising tool for studying plant metabolism in vivo, with many applications in plant science and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mayer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Radchuk
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Andre Gündel
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klaus J Dehmer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Fabian T Gutjahr
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter M Jakob
- Institute of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
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8
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da Silva Dias G, Chaves JTL, Santos TRS, Garcia QS, Artur MAS, Bicalho EM. Be prepared: how does discontinuous hydration in Tabebuia heterophylla seeds induce stress tolerance in seedlings? PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 39265058 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Discontinuous hydration and dehydration (HD) cycles refer to controlled imbibition followed by dehydration before seed germination. Here, we investigated whether the level of imbibition before HD cycles affects the physiology of Tabebuia heterophylla seeds and seedlings. Seeds were imbibed for 10 h (T1; phase I of imbibition) or 35 h (T2; phase II), dehydrated, and progressively rehydrated one to four times (HD cycles). Germination and biochemical parameters (membrane integrity; total soluble, reducing, and nonreducing (NRS) sugars; proteins, amino acids, proline, H2O2, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity) were quantified at the last rehydration step of each cycle. Biometric and biochemical parameters (including pigments) were analysed in seedlings 60 days after germination. HD cycles at T1 led to reduced seed germination and greater plasma membrane damage, higher enzyme activity (catalase and glutathione reductase) and accumulation of NRS, total amino acids, and proline compared to the controls and T2 treatment. Cellular damage became more severe with more HD cycles. HD cycles at T2 synchronized germination regardless of the number of cycles and also had a priming effect. T2 seeds had less NRS, total amino acids, and proline content than T1. HD cycles at T1 produced seedlings with higher carotenoid and total chlorophyll content than controls and T2, while seedlings from HD cycles at T2 had higher amounts of osmoprotectants. HD cycles at T2 benefited seeds and seedlings more than at T1. This suggests that the physiological and biochemical effects of HD cycles in seeds modulate seedling plasticity, depending on water availability, potentially promoting increased tolerance to recurrent droughts that will be intensified with ongoing climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G da Silva Dias
- Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, Brazil
| | - J T L Chaves
- Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, Brazil
| | - T R S Santos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Q S Garcia
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Lavras, Brazil
| | - M A S Artur
- Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - E M Bicalho
- Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, Brazil
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9
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Mehla S, Singh Y, Kumar U, Balyan P, Singh KP, Dhankher OP. Overexpression of rice lectin receptor-like kinase, OsLec-RLK, confers salinity stress tolerance and increases seed yield in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:230. [PMID: 39251423 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE OsLec-RLK overexpression enhances cell signalling and salt stress tolerance in pigeon pea, enhancing seed yield and harvest index and thus, enabling marginal lands to increase food and nutritional security. Lectin Receptor-like kinases (Lec-RLKs) are highly effective cell signaling molecules that counteract various stresses, including salt stress. We engineered pigeon pea by overexpressing OsLec-RLK gene for enhancing salt tolerance. The OsLec-RLK overexpression lines demonstrated superior performance under salt stress, from vegetative to reproductive phase, compared to wild types (WT). The overexpression lines had significantly higher K+/Na+ ratio than WT exposed to 100 mM NaCl. Under salt stress, transgenic lines showed higher levels of chlorophyll, proline, total soluble sugars, relative water content, and peroxidase and catalase activity than WT plants. Membrane injury index and lipid peroxidation were significantly reduced in transgenic lines. Analysis of phenological and yield attributes confirmed that the OsLec-RLK pigeon pea lines maintain plant vigor, with 10.34-fold increase in seed yield (per plant) and 4-5-fold increase in harvest index of overexpression lines, compared to wild type. Meanwhile, the overexpression of OsLec-RLK up-regulated the expression levels of histone deacetylase1, acyl CoA, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase, which were involved in the K+/Na+ homeostasis pathway. This study showed the potential of OsLec-RLK gene for increasing crop productivity and yields under salt stress and enabling the crops to be grown on marginal lands for increasing food and nutritional security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Mehla
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India.
- Department of Plant Science, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243006, India.
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri P.G. College, CCS University, Meerut, 245206, India
| | - Krishna Pal Singh
- Biophysics Unit, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
- Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243001, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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10
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Liu Y, Xu J, Lu X, Huang M, Yu W, Li C. The role of melatonin in delaying senescence and maintaining quality in postharvest horticultural products. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 39150996 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
The postharvest lifespan of horticultural products is closely related to loss of nutritional quality, accompanied by a rapid decline in shelf life, commercial value, and marketability. Melatonin (MT) application not only maintains quality but also delays senescence in horticultural products. This paper reviews biosynthesis and metabolism of endogenous MT, summarizes significant effects of exogenous MT application on postharvest horticultural products, examines regulatory mechanisms of MT-mediated effects, and provides an integrated review for understanding the positive role of MT in senescence delay and quality maintenance. As a multifunctional molecule, MT coordinates other signal molecules, such as ABA, ETH, JA, SA, NO, and Ca2+, to regulate postharvest ripening and senescence. Several metabolic pathways are involved in regulation of MT during postharvest senescence, including synthesis and signal transduction of plant hormones, redox homeostasis, energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and degradation of pigment and cell wall components. Moreover, MT regulates expression of genes related to plant hormones, antioxidant systems, energy generation, fruit firmness and colour, membrane integrity, and carbohydrate storage. Consequently, MT could become an emerging and eco-friendly preservative to extend shelf life and maintain postharvest quality of horticultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - J Xu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - X Lu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - M Huang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - W Yu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - C Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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11
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Yan S, Zhan M, Liu Z, Zhang X. Insight into the transcriptional regulation of key genes involved in proline metabolism in plants under osmotic stress. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00192-5. [PMID: 39121900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Proline biosynthesis and catabolism pathways are executed by powerful action of specific enzymes that are subjected to environmental fluctuations at the transcriptional level. Previous researches have demonstrated that osmotic stress-induced upstream events can affect the expression of proline metabolism-related genes, which results in adjustable free proline accumulation to protect plant cells from severe damage. Here, we mainly describe the mechanisms for how some key factors, such as transcription factors, ABA (abscisic acid), Ca2+, MAPK cascades, CK (cytokinin) and phospholipase, in a phosphorylated manner, vividly function in the transcriptional regulation of proline metabolism under osmotic stress. These mechanisms reveal that sustaining of proline homeostasis is an efficient way for plants to adapt to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Meng Zhan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xianwen Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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12
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Sharma V, Sharma DP, Salwan R. Surviving the stress: Understanding the molecular basis of plant adaptations and uncovering the role of mycorrhizal association in plant abiotic stresses. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106772. [PMID: 38969183 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stresses severely impair plant growth, resulting in significant crop yield and quality loss. Among various abiotic factors, salt and drought stresses are one of the major factors that affect the nutrients and water uptake by the plants, hence ultimately various physiological aspects of the plants that compromises crop yield. Continuous efforts have been made to investigate, dissect and improve plant adaptations at the molecular level in response to drought and salinity stresses. In this context, the plant beneficial microbiome presents in the rhizosphere, endosphere, and phyllosphere, also referred as second genomes of the plant is well known for its roles in plant adaptations. Exploration of beneficial interaction of fungi with host plants known as mycorrhizal association is one such special interaction that can facilitates the host plants adaptations. Mycorrhiza assist in alleviating the salinity and drought stresses of plants via redistributing the ion imbalance through translocation to different parts of the plants, as well as triggering oxidative machinery. Mycorrhiza association also regulates the level of various plant growth regulators, osmolytes and assists in acquiring minerals that are helpful in plant's adaptation against extreme environmental stresses. The current review examines the role of various plant growth regulators and plants' antioxidative systems, followed by mycorrhizal association during drought and salt stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sharma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali PB 140413, India.
| | - D P Sharma
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, H.P 177 001, India
| | - Richa Salwan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, H.P 177 001, India.
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13
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Gu Y, Fan X, Jiang K, Liu P, Chang H, Andom O, Cheng J, Li Z. Omics analysis of 'Shine Muscat' grape grafted on different rootstocks in response to cadmium stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 936:173472. [PMID: 38788947 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is detrimental to grape growth, development, and fruit quality. Grafting is considered to be a useful method to improve plant adaptability to Cd stress in grape production. However, little information is available on how Cd stress affects grafted grapes. In this study, the effects of Cd on Shine Muscat grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Shine Muscat') were studied under different "Cd treatments" concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 mg kg-1) and "rootstock treatments" (SO4, 5BB, and 3309C). The results showed that low levels of Cd had hormesis effect and activated the grape antioxidant system to eliminate the ROS induced by Cd stress. The antioxidant capacity of the SM/3309C rootstock combination was stronger than that of the other two groups under low-concentration Cd stress. Moreover, the rootstock effectively sequestered a substantial amount of Cd, consequently mitigating the upward translocation of Cd to the aboveground portions. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed several important pathways enriched in ABC transporters, flavonoid biosynthesis, Plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism under Cd stress. WGCNA analysis identified a hub gene, R2R3-MYB15, which could promote the expression of several genes (PAL, 4CL, CYP73A, ST, CHS, and COMT), and alleviate the damage caused by Cd toxicity. These findings might shed light on the mechanism of hormesis triggered by low Cd stress in grapes at the transcriptional and metabolic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Gu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China; Yantai Institute, China Agricultural University, 2006 Binhaizhong Road, Yantai 264670, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pin Liu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huiqing Chang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuanda Road, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, China
| | - Okbagaber Andom
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jieshan Cheng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Zhaojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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14
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Rai P, Prasad L, Mehta S, Yadav P, Sharma A, Mishra DN. Transcriptional, biochemical, and histochemical response of resistant and susceptible cultivars of Brassica juncea against Albugo candida infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1426302. [PMID: 39161953 PMCID: PMC11332608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1426302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
White rust disease caused by a biotrophic oomycete Albugo candida is one of the most serious impediments in realizing the production potential of Brassica juncea. Due to the obligate nature of the pathogen, R-gene-based resistance is unstable as the newer virulent races emerge quickly. For this, a deep understanding of the molecular basis of resistance is essential for developing durable resistant varieties. In this study, we selected one susceptible cultivar, 'Pusa Jaikisan' and its single R gene based resistant NIL, 'Pusa Jaikisan WRR as the source of understanding the defense mechanism in B. juncea against A. candida. Comparative histochemical analysis at 12 dpi showed higher callose deposition in the resistant cultivar than in the susceptible which hints towards its possible role in defense mechanism. Based on the biochemical markers observation, total protein was found to have a negative correlation with the resistance. The antioxidant enzymes (POX, CAT, and SOD) and non-enzymatic ROS scavenging compounds such as polyphenols and proline showed a positive correlation with the white rust resistance. Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) total chlorophyll and total carotenoids were also found to be more abundant in the 'Pusa Jaikisan WRR'. Based on the heat map analysis, PAL was identified to be the comparatively most induced enzyme involved in the defense mechanism. The polyphenol oxidase, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids were also found to show higher activity in the 'Pusa Jaikisan WRR'. Furthermore, to study the defense response of 'Pusa Jaikisan WRR' compared to 'Pusa Jaikisan' against A. candida infection, the gene expression analyses of salicylic acid (SA)-marker PR protein genes (PR1 and PR2) and jasmonic acid (JA)-marker PR protein genes (PR3 and PR12) were done by qRT-PCR. Based on the results, PR2 emerged as the best possible gene for defense against A. candida followed by PR1. PR3 and PR12 also showed positive correlation with the disease resistance which may be due to the JA pathway acting complementary to the SA pathway in case of B. juncea-A. candida interaction. This provides evidence for the JA-SA hormonal crosstalk to be synergistic in case of the white rust resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajjwal Rai
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshman Prasad
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Samridhi Mehta
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Yadav
- ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, India
| | - Anubhuti Sharma
- ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, India
| | - Deep Narayan Mishra
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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15
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Juraniec M, Goormaghtigh E, Posmyk MM, Verbruggen N. An ecotype-specific effect of osmopriming and melatonin during salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:707. [PMID: 39054444 PMCID: PMC11270801 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit phenotypic variations in specific environments and growth conditions. However, this variation has not been explored after seed osmopriming treatments. The natural variation in biomass production and root system architecture (RSA) was investigated across the Arabidopsis thaliana core collection in response to the pre-sawing seed treatments by osmopriming, with and without melatonin (Mel). The goal was to identify and characterize physiologically contrasting ecotypes. RESULTS Variability in RSA parameters in response to PEG-6000 seed osmopriming with and without Mel was observed across Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes with especially positive impact of Mel addition under both control and 100 mM NaCl stress conditions. Two ecotypes, Can-0 and Kn-0, exhibited contrasted root phenotypes: seed osmopriming with and without Mel reduced the root growth of Can-0 plants while enhancing it in Kn-0 ones under both control and salt stress conditions. To understand the stress responses in these two ecotypes, main stress markers as well as physiological analyses were assessed in shoots and roots. Although the effect of Mel addition was evident in both ecotypes, its protective effect was more pronounced in Kn-0. Antioxidant enzymes were induced by osmopriming with Mel in both ecotypes, but Kn-0 was characterized by a higher responsiveness, especially in the activities of peroxidases in roots. Kn-0 plants experienced lower oxidative stress, and salt-induced ROS accumulation was reduced by osmopriming with Mel. In contrast, Can-0 exhibited lower enzyme activities but the accumulation of proline in its organs was particularly high. In both ecotypes, a greater response of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation was observed compared to mechanisms involving the reduction of Na+ content and prevention of K+ efflux. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to Can-0, Kn-0 plants grown from seeds osmoprimed with and without Mel displayed a lower root sensitivity to NaCl-induced oxidative stress. The opposite root growth patterns, enhanced by osmopriming treatments might result from different protective mechanisms employed by these two ecotypes which in turn result from adaptive strategies proper to specific habitats from which Can-0 and Kn-0 originate. The isolation of contrasting phenotypes paves the way for the identification of genetic factors affecting osmopriming efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Juraniec
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, 90 237, Poland.
| | - Erik Goormaghtigh
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Małgorzata M Posmyk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, 90 237, Poland.
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
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16
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Sapiña-Solano A, Boscaiu M, Collado F, Vicente O, Ruiz-González MX. Effects of High Salinity and Water Stress on Wetland Grasses from the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1939. [PMID: 39065466 PMCID: PMC11281003 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The impacts of climate change are reaching unprecedented levels, heightening the risk of species loss and ecosystem service degradation. Wetlands, highly threatened ecosystems, serve vital ecological functions by capturing carbon, filtering water, and harbouring diverse wildlife. Coastal wetlands encounter many challenges, such as increased drought periods and escalating salinity levels, severely impacting plant biodiversity. Assessing how plants respond to various environmental stress factors is imperative for devising successful conservation strategies. In the present study, we examined three representative grass species found in various habitats within the Albufera Natural Park, close to the city of Valencia on the Spanish Mediterranean coast: Imperata cylindrica, Phragmites australis, and Saccharum ravennae. High salinity and water stress conditions were induced by subjecting the plants to irrigation with solutions containing 200, 400, 600, and 800 mM NaCl or withholding irrigation altogether to mimic coastal flooding and drought scenarios. The treatments were maintained until noticeable wilting of the plants occurred, at which point a range of stress biomarkers were determined, including photosynthetic pigments, ions, osmolytes, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant metabolites, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. Saccharum ravennae displayed the highest sensitivity to salt stress, whereas I. cylindrica appeared to be the most tolerant. The primary salinity tolerance mechanism observed in I. cylindrica and P. australis was a blockage of ion transport from the root zone to the aerial part, together with the salt-induced accumulation of proline and soluble sugars to high concentrations in the former. No significant effects of the water deficit treatment on the growth or biochemical parameters were observed for any of the analysed species. These findings offer valuable information for the effective management and conservation of coastal wetlands facing the challenges posed by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Sapiña-Solano
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Francisco Collado
- Servici Devesa-Albufera, Vivers Municipals de El Saler, CV-500, km 8.5, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mario X. Ruiz-González
- Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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17
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Renzetti M, Bertolini E, Trovato M. Proline Metabolism Genes in Transgenic Plants: Meta-Analysis under Drought and Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1913. [PMID: 39065440 PMCID: PMC11280441 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The amino acid proline accumulates in plants during abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity and is considered a reliable marker of environmental stress. While its accumulation is well established, its precise role in stress tolerance and its underlying molecular mechanism remain less clear. To address these issues, we performed a meta-analysis-a robust statistical technique that synthesizes results from multiple independent studies while accounting for experimental differences. We focused on 16 physiological and morphological parameters affected by drought and salt stress in transgenic plants expressing proline metabolic genes. For each parameter, we calculated the effect size as the response ratio (RR), which represents the logarithm of the mean value in the transgenic group over the mean value of the control group (lnRR). Under stress, most parameters exhibited significantly higher response ratios in the transgenic group, confirming the beneficial effects of proline during drought and salt stress. Surprisingly, under non-stressed conditions, most stress markers showed no significant differences between transgenic and non-transgenic plants, despite elevated proline levels in the former. These results suggest that the benefits of proline may be related to proline catabolism or may only become apparent during stress, possibly due to interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accumulate predominantly under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Renzetti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisa Bertolini
- Biocomputing Group, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Bologna University, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Trovato
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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18
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Min JH, Park CR, Gong Y, Chung MS, Nam SH, Yun HS, Kim CS. Rhamnogalacturonan lyase 1 (RGL1), as a suppressor of E3 ubiquitin ligase Arabidopsis thaliana ring zinc finger 1 (AtRZF1), is involved in dehydration response to mediate proline synthesis and pectin rhamnogalacturonan-I composition. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:942-959. [PMID: 38743860 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Proline metabolism plays a crucial role in both environmental stress responses and plant growth. However, the specific mechanism by which proline contributes to abiotic stress processes remains to be elucidated. In this study, we utilized atrzf1 (Arabidopsis thaliana ring zinc finger 1) as a parental line for T-DNA tagging mutagenesis and identified a suppressor mutant of atrzf1, designated proline content alterative 31 (pca31). The pca31 mutant suppressed the insensitivity of atrzf1 to dehydration stress during early seedling growth. Using Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced-PCR, we found that the T-DNA of pca31 was inserted into the promoter region of the At2g22620 gene, which encodes the cell wall enzyme rhamnogalacturonan lyase 1 (RGL1). Enzymatic assays indicated that RGL1 exhibited rhamnogalacturonan lyase activity, influencing cell wall pectin composition. The decrease in RGL1 gene expression suppressed the transcriptomic perturbation of the atrzf1 mutant. Silencing of the RGL1 gene in atrzf1 resulted in a sensitive phenotype similar to pca31 under osmotic stress conditions. Treatment with mannitol, salt, hydrogen peroxide, and abscisic acid induced RGL1 expression. Furthermore, we uncovered that RGL1 plays a role in modulating root growth and vascular tissue development. Molecular, physiological, and genetic experiments revealed that the positive modulation of RGL1 during abiotic stress was linked to the AtRZF1 pathway. Taken together, these findings establish that pca31 acts as a suppressor of atrzf1 in abiotic stress responses through proline and cell wall metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Min
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 300 Olsen Blvd, College Station, Texas, 77843-2128, USA
| | - Cho-Rong Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Gong
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Chung
- Research Division for Radiation Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeonlabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Nam
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sup Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
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19
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Li J, Wen T, Zhang R, Hu X, Guo F, Zhao H, Wang P, Wang Y, Ni D, Wang M. Metabolome profiling and transcriptome analysis unveiling the crucial role of magnesium transport system for magnesium homeostasis in tea plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae152. [PMID: 38994447 PMCID: PMC11237192 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is a crucial nutrient for the growth and development of Camellia sinensis and is closely related to the quality of tea. However, the underlying mechanisms responding to low-Mg 2+ stress in tea plants remain largely unknown. In this study, photosynthetic parameters, metabolomics, and transcriptomics were utilized to explore the potential effects of low Mg2+ on the growth and metabolism of C. sinensis. Low-Mg2+ treatment increased the ratio of shoot dry weight to root dry weight but decreased the photosynthesis of C. sinensis. Forty and thirty metabolites were impacted by Mg2+ shortage in C. sinensis shoots and roots, respectively. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed the possible reasons for the decreased contents of chlorophyll and catechins and the increased theanine content in C. sinensis roots. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that the Mg2+ transport system was essential in the regulation of Mg2+ homeostasis in C. sinensis, in which CsMGT5 was identified to be the key regulator according to CsMGT5-overexpressing and complementary assays in Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, silencing of CsMGT5 in vivo reduced the content of chlorophyll in C. sinensis shoots. In addition, CsMGT5 might collaborate with ammonium transporters to keep the amino acid content steady, suggesting its potential application for tea quality improvement. All these findings demonstrate the key roles of CsMGTs for Mg2+ homeostasis in C. sinensis, providing a theoretical basis for Mg2+ efficient utilization in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ting Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruiming Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinlong Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fei Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pu Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dejiang Ni
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingle Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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20
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Wang Q, Yu J, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Mu J, Yu X, Hui R. Seasonal and anthropogenic influences on bacterioplankton communities: ecological impacts in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, Northern China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1431548. [PMID: 38962120 PMCID: PMC11220261 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1431548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine bacterioplankton play a crucial role in the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in coastal waters. And the impact of environmental factors on bacterial community structure and ecological functions is a dynamic ongoing process. To systematically assess the relationship between environmental changes and bacterioplankton communities, this study delved into the spatiotemporal distribution and predicted metabolic characteristics of bacterioplankton communities at two estuarine beaches in Northern China. Coastal water samples were collected regularly in spring, summer, and autumn, and were analyzed in combination with environmental parameters and bacterioplankton community. Results indicated significant seasonal variations in bacterioplankton communities as Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were enriched in spring, Cyanobacteria proliferated in summer. While Pseudomonadota and microorganisms associated with organic matter decomposition prevailed in autumn, closely linked to seasonal variation of temperature, light and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Particularly in summer, increased tourism activities and riverine inputs significantly raised nutrient levels, promoting the proliferation of specific photosynthetic microorganisms, potentially linked to the occurrence of phytoplankton blooms. Spearman correlation analysis further revealed significant correlations between bacterioplankton communities and environmental factors such as salinity, chlorophyll a, and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP). Additionally, the metabolic features of the spring bacterioplankton community were primarily characterized by enhanced activities in the prokaryotic carbon fixation pathways, reflecting rapid adaptation to increased light and temperature, as well as significant contributions to primary productivity. In summer, the bacterial communities were involved in enhanced glycolysis and biosynthetic pathways, reflecting high energy metabolism and responses to increased light and biomass. In autumn, microorganisms adapted to the accelerated decomposition of organic matter and the seasonal changes in environmental conditions through enhanced amino acid metabolism and material cycling pathways. These findings demonstrate that seasonal changes and human activities significantly influence the structure and function of bacterioplankton communities by altering nutrient dynamics and physical environmental conditions. This study provides important scientific insights into the marine biological responses under global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhen Wang
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Disease Control for Aquaculture, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Ocean Survey, Qinhuangdao Marine Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jianle Zhang
- Department of Ocean Survey, Qinhuangdao Marine Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jianyan Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Natural History Museum of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Mu
- Ecological Environment Research Department, Hebei Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xinping Yu
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ruixue Hui
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
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21
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Sang M, Liu Q, Li D, Dang J, Lu C, Liu C, Wu Q. Heat Stress and Microbial Stress Induced Defensive Phenol Accumulation in Medicinal Plant Sparganium stoloniferum. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6379. [PMID: 38928085 PMCID: PMC11203919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An approach based on the heat stress and microbial stress model of the medicinal plant Sparganium stoloniferum was proposed to elucidate the regulation and mechanism of bioactive phenol accumulation. This method integrates LC-MS/MS analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, RT-qPCR, and molecular assays to investigate the regulation of phenolic metabolite biosynthesis in S. stoloniferum rhizome (SL) under stress. Previous research has shown that the metabolites and genes involved in phenol biosynthesis correlate to the upregulation of genes involved in plant-pathogen interactions. High-temperature and the presence of Pseudomonas bacteria were observed alongside SL growth. Under conditions of heat stress or Pseudomonas bacteria stress, both the metabolites and genes involved in phenol biosynthesis were upregulated. The regulation of phenol content and phenol biosynthesis gene expression suggests that phenol-based chemical defense of SL is stimulated under stress. Furthermore, the rapid accumulation of phenolic substances relied on the consumption of amino acids. Three defensive proteins, namely Ss4CL, SsC4H, and SsF3'5'H, were identified and verified to elucidate phenol biosynthesis in SL. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the phenol-based chemical defense of SL, indicating that bioactive phenol substances result from SL's responses to the environment and providing new insights for growing the high-phenol-content medicinal herb SL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Sang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Qinan Liu
- Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Dishuai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Jingjie Dang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Chenyan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Chanchan Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
- State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (D.L.); (J.D.); (C.L.)
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22
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Lodovici A, Buoso S, Miras-Moreno B, Lucini L, Garcia-Perez P, Tomasi N, Pinton R, Zanin L. Peculiarity of the early metabolomic response in tomato after urea, ammonium or nitrate supply. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108666. [PMID: 38723490 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient most applied in agriculture as fertilizer (as nitrate, Nit; ammonium, A; and/or urea, U, forms) and its availability strongly constrains the crop growth and yield. To investigate the early response (24 h) of N-deficient tomato plants to these three N forms, a physiological and molecular study was performed. In comparison to N-deficient plants, significant changes in the transcriptional, metabolomic and ionomic profiles were observed. As a probable consequence of N mobility in plants, a wide metabolic modulation occurred in old leaves rather than in young leaves. The metabolic profile of U and A-treated plants was more similar than Nit-treated plant profile, which in turn presented the lowest metabolic modulation with respect to N-deficient condition. Urea and A forms induced some changes at the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, amino acids and phytohormones. Interestingly, a specific up-regulation by U and down-regulation by A of carbon synthesis occurred in roots. Along with the gene expression, data suggest that the specific N form influences the activation of metabolic pathways for its assimilation (cytosolic GS/AS and/or plastidial GS/GOGAT cycle). Urea induced an up-concentration of Cu and Mn in leaves and Zn in whole plant. This study highlights a metabolic reprogramming depending on the N form applied, and it also provide evidence of a direct relationship between urea nutrition and Zn concentration. The understanding of the metabolic pathways activated by the different N forms represents a milestone in improving the efficiency of urea fertilization in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Lodovici
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Pascual Garcia-Perez
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Laura Zanin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
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Ramirez-Builes VH, Küsters J, Thiele E, Lopez-Ruiz JC. Physiological and Agronomical Response of Coffee to Different Nitrogen Forms with and without Water Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1387. [PMID: 38794457 PMCID: PMC11125271 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the most important nutrient in coffee, with a direct impact on productivity, quality, and sustainability. N uptake by the roots is dominated by ammonium (NH4+) and nitrates (NO3-), along with some organic forms at a lower proportion. From the perspective of mineral fertilizer, the most common N sources are urea, ammonium (AM), ammonium nitrates (AN), and nitrates; an appropriate understanding of the right balance between N forms in coffee nutrition would contribute to more sustainable coffee production through the better N management of this important crop. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influences of different NH4-N/NO3-N ratios in coffee from a physiological and agronomical perspective, and their interaction with soil water levels. Over a period of 5 years, three trials were conducted under controlled conditions in a greenhouse with different growing media (quartz sand) and organic soil, with and without water stress, while one trial was conducted under field conditions. N forms and water levels directly influence physiological responses in coffee, including photosynthesis (Ps), chlorophyll content, dry biomass accumulation (DW), nutrient uptake, and productivity. In all of the trials, the plants group in soils with N ratios of 50% NH4-N/50% NO3-N, and 25% NH4-N/75% NO3-N showed better responses to water stress, as well as a higher Ps, a higher chlorophyll content, a higher N and cation uptake, higher DW accumulation, and higher productivity. The soil pH was significantly influenced by the N forms: the higher the NO3--N share, the lower the acidification level. The results allow us to conclude that the combination of 50% NH4-N/50% NO3-N and 25% NH4-N/75% NO3-N N forms in coffee improves the resistance capacity of the coffee to water stress, improves productivity, reduces the soil acidification level, and improves ion balance and nutrient uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Ramirez-Builes
- Center for Plant Nutrition and Environmental Research Hanninghof, Yara International, 48249 Dülmen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Küsters
- Center for Plant Nutrition and Environmental Research Hanninghof, Yara International, 48249 Dülmen, Germany
| | - Ellen Thiele
- Center for Plant Nutrition and Environmental Research Hanninghof, Yara International, 48249 Dülmen, Germany
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24
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Liu Z, Wang J, Yue Z, Wang J, Dou T, Chen T, Li J, Dai H, Yu J. Study of cabbage antioxidant system response on early infection stage of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:324. [PMID: 38658831 PMCID: PMC11040805 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) significantly affects the production of cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables. Plant antioxidant system plays an important role in pathogen invasion and is one of the main mechanisms underlying resistance to biological stress. Therefore, it is important to study the resistance mechanisms of the cabbage antioxidant system during the early stages of Xcc. In this study, 108 CFU/mL (OD600 = 0.1) Xcc race1 was inoculated on "zhonggan 11" cabbage using the spraying method. The effects of Xcc infection on the antioxidant system before and after Xcc inoculation (0, 1, 3, and 5 d) were studied by physiological indexes determination, transcriptome and metabolome analyses. We concluded that early Xcc infection can destroy the balance of the active oxygen metabolism system, increase the generation of free radicals, and decrease the scavenging ability, leading to membrane lipid peroxidation, resulting in the destruction of the biofilm system and metabolic disorders. In response to Xcc infection, cabbage clears a series of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during Xcc infection via various antioxidant pathways. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased after Xcc infection, and the ROS scavenging rate increased. The biosynthesis of non-obligate antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), is also enhanced after Xcc infection. Moreover, the alkaloid and vitamin contents increased significantly after Xcc infection. We concluded that cabbage could resist Xcc invasion by maintaining the stability of the cell membrane system and improving the biosynthesis of antioxidant substances and enzymes after infection by Xcc. Our results provide theoretical basis and data support for subsequent research on the cruciferous vegetables resistance mechanism and breeding to Xcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeci Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Yue
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Dou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbao Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Dai
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Che L, Lu S, Gou H, Li M, Guo L, Yang J, Mao J. VvJAZ13 Positively Regulates Cold Tolerance in Arabidopsis and Grape. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4458. [PMID: 38674041 PMCID: PMC11049880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold stress adversely impacts grape growth, development, and yield. Therefore, improving the cold tolerance of grape is an urgent task of grape breeding. The Jasmonic acid (JA) pathway responsive gene JAZ plays a key role in plant response to cold stress. However, the role of JAZ in response to low temperatures in grape is unclear. In this study, VvJAZ13 was cloned from the 'Pinot Noir' (Vitis vinefera cv. 'Pinot Noir') grape, and the potential interacting protein of VvJAZ13 was screened by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H). The function of VvJAZ13 under low temperature stress was verified by genetic transformation. Subcellular localization showed that the gene was mainly expressed in cytoplasm and the nucleus. Y2H indicated that VvF-box, VvTIFY5A, VvTIFY9, Vvbch1, and VvAGD13 may be potential interacting proteins of VvJAZ13. The results of transient transformation of grape leaves showed that VvJAZ13 improved photosynthetic capacity and reduced cell damage by increasing maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), reducing relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increasing proline content in overexpressed lines (OEs), which played an active role in cold resistance. Through the overexpression of VvJAZ13 in Arabidopsis thaliana and grape calli, the results showed that compared with wild type (WT), transgenic lines had higher antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content, lower REL, MDA, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and an improved ability of scavenging reactive oxygen species. In addition, the expression levels of CBF1-2 and ICE1 genes related to cold response were up-regulated in transgenic lines. To sum up, VvJAZ13 is actively involved in the cold tolerance of Arabidopsis and grape, and has the potential to be a candidate gene for improving plant cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Che
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shixiong Lu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huimin Gou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lili Guo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juanbo Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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26
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Li J, Wang F, Sayed MA, Shen X, Zhou L, Liu X, Sun X, Chen S, Wu Y, Lu L, Gong S, Iqbal A, Yang Y. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic data reveal the cold stress responses molecular mechanisms of two coconut varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1353352. [PMID: 38689842 PMCID: PMC11058665 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1353352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Among tropical fruit trees, coconut holds significant edible and economic importance. The natural growth of coconuts faces a challenge in the form of low temperatures, which is a crucial factor among adverse environmental stresses impacting their geographical distribution. Hence, it is essential to enhance our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms through which cold stress influences various coconut varieties. We employed analyses of leaf growth morphology and physiological traits to examine how coconuts respond to low temperatures over 2-hour, 8-hour, 2-day, and 7-day intervals. Additionally, we performed transcriptome and metabolome analyses to identify the molecular and physiological shifts in two coconut varieties displaying distinct sensitivities to the cold stress. As the length of cold stress extended, there was a prominent escalation within the soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro) concentrations, the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaves. Contrariwise, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH) underwent a substantial reduction during this period. The widespread analysis of metabolome and transcriptome disclosed a nexus of genes and metabolites intricately cold stress were chiefly involved in pathways centered around amino acid, flavonoid, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. We perceived several stress-responsive metabolites, such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids, which unveiled considerably, lower in the genotype subtle to cold stress. Furthermore, we uncovered pivotal genes in the amino acid biosynthesis, antioxidant system and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway that presented down-regulation in coconut varieties sensitive to cold stress. This study broadly enriches our contemporary perception of the molecular machinery that contributes to altering levels of cold stress tolerance amid coconut genotypes. It also unlocks several unique prospects for exploration in the areas of breeding or engineering, aiming to identifying tolerant and/or sensitive coconut varieties encompassing multi-omics layers in response to cold stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Md. Abu Sayed
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - XiaoJun Shen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Lixia Zhou
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Shuangyan Chen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
- School of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Lilan Lu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Shufang Gong
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
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27
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Petrova M, Miladinova-Georgieva K, Geneva M. Influence of Abiotic and Biotic Elicitors on Organogenesis, Biomass Accumulation, and Production of Key Secondary Metabolites in Asteraceae Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4197. [PMID: 38673783 PMCID: PMC11050642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family are a valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, acetylenes, sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenes, etc. Under stressful conditions, the plants develop these secondary substances to carry out physiological tasks in plant cells. Secondary Asteraceae metabolites that are of the greatest interest to consumers are artemisinin (an anti-malarial drug from Artemisia annua L.-sweet wormwood), steviol glycosides (an intense sweetener from Stevia rebaudiana Bert.-stevia), caffeic acid derivatives (with a broad spectrum of biological activities synthesized from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench-echinacea and Cichorium intybus L.-chicory), helenalin and dihydrohelenalin (anti-inflammatory drug from Arnica montana L.-mountain arnica), parthenolide ("medieval aspirin" from Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip.-feverfew), and silymarin (liver-protective medicine from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.-milk thistle). The necessity to enhance secondary metabolite synthesis has arisen due to the widespread use of these metabolites in numerous industrial sectors. Elicitation is an effective strategy to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures. Suitable technological platforms for the production of phytochemicals are cell suspension, shoots, and hairy root cultures. Numerous reports describe an enhanced accumulation of desired metabolites after the application of various abiotic and biotic elicitors. Elicitors induce transcriptional changes in biosynthetic genes, leading to the metabolic reprogramming of secondary metabolism and clarifying the mechanism of the synthesis of bioactive compounds. This review summarizes biotechnological investigations concerning the biosynthesis of medicinally essential metabolites in plants of the Asteraceae family after various elicitor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Geneva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (K.M.-G.)
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28
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Cutroneo S, Prandi B, Pellegrini N, Sforza S, Tedeschi T. Assessment of Protein Quality and Digestibility in Plant-Based Meat Analogues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8114-8125. [PMID: 38560783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In this first work, commercial steak-like (n = 3) and cured meat (n = 3) analogues with different legume and cereal formulations were studied and compared to their animal-based (n = 3) counterparts. Plant-based products showed lower protein content than meat controls but a good amino acidic profile even though the sum of essential amino acids of plant-cured meats does not fulfill the requirements set by the Food and Agriculture Organization for children. A comparable release of soluble proteins and peptides in the digestates after in vitro digestion was observed in meat analogues as meat products, whereas the digestibility of proteins was lower in plant-based steaks and higher in plant-based cured meats than their counterparts. The overall protein quality and digestibility of products are related to both the use of good blending of protein sources and processes applied to produce them. An adequate substitution of meat with its analogues depends mostly on the quality of raw materials used, which should be communicated to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cutroneo
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Prandi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Sforza
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Tullia Tedeschi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Fan X, Lin H, Ding F, Wang M. Jasmonates Promote β-Amylase-Mediated Starch Degradation to Confer Cold Tolerance in Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1055. [PMID: 38674464 PMCID: PMC11055051 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress severely restricts growth and development, reduces yields, and impairs quality in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Amylase-associated starch degradation and soluble sugar accumulation have been implicated in adaptation and resistance to abiotic stress. Here, we report a β-amylase (BAM) gene, SlBAM3, which plays a central role in tomato cold tolerance. The expression of SlBAM3 was triggered by cold stress. SlBAM3 knockout using the CRISPR/Cas9 system retarded starch degradation and reduced soluble sugar accumulation in tomato plants, eventually attenuating cold tolerance. Expression analysis revealed that the SlBAM3 transcript level was boosted by MeJA. Furthermore, MYC2, an essential component of the JA signaling pathway, could bind to the SlBAM3 promoter and directly activate SlBAM3 transcription, as revealed by yeast one-hybrid and dual LUC assays. In addition, the suppression of MYC2 resulted in increased starch accumulation, decreased soluble sugar content, and reduced tolerance to cold stress in tomato plants. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that JA positively regulates β-amylase-associated starch degradation through the MYC2-SlBAM3 module in tomato during cold stress. The results of the present work expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying BAM gene activation and starch catabolism under cold stress. The regulatory module of SlBAM3 can be further utilized to breed tomato cultivars with enhanced cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.)
| | - Meiling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (X.F.); (H.L.)
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Forlani G, Sabbioni G, Barera S, Funck D. A complex array of factors regulate the activity of Arabidopsis thaliana δ 1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase isoenzymes to ensure their specific role in plant cell metabolism. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1348-1362. [PMID: 38223941 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The first and committed step in proline synthesis from glutamate is catalyzed by δ1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS). Two P5CS genes have been found in most angiosperms, one constitutively expressed to satisfy proline demand for protein synthesis, the other stress-induced. Despite the number of papers to investigate regulation at the transcriptional level, to date, the properties of the enzymes have been subjected to limited study. The isolation of Arabidopsis thaliana P5CS isoenzymes was achieved through heterologous expression and affinity purification. The two proteins were characterized with respect to kinetic and biochemical properties. AtP5CS2 showed KM values in the micro- to millimolar range, and its activity was inhibited by NADP+ , ADP and proline, and by glutamine and arginine at high levels. Mg2+ ions were required for activity, which was further stimulated by K+ and other cations. AtP5CS1 displayed positive cooperativity with glutamate and was almost insensitive to inhibition by proline. In the presence of physiological, nonsaturating concentrations of glutamate, proline was slightly stimulatory, and glutamine strongly increased the catalytic rate. Data suggest that the activity of AtP5CS isoenzymes is differentially regulated by a complex array of factors including the concentrations of proline, glutamate, glutamine, monovalent cations and pyridine dinucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forlani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sabbioni
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Barera
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dietmar Funck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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31
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Zhang J, Lu J, Zhu Y, Shen X, Zhu B, Qin L. Roles of endophytic fungi in medicinal plant abiotic stress response and TCM quality development. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:204-213. [PMID: 38706819 PMCID: PMC11064630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants, as medicinal materials and important drug components, have been used in traditional and folk medicine for ages. However, being sessile organisms, they are seriously affected by extreme environmental conditions and abiotic stresses such as salt, heavy metal, temperature, and water stresses. Medicinal plants usually produce specific secondary metabolites to survive such stresses, and these metabolites can often be used for treating human diseases. Recently, medicinal plants have been found to partner with endophytic fungi to form a long-term, stable, and win-win symbiotic relationship. Endophytic fungi can promote secondary metabolite accumulation in medicinal plants. The close relationship can improve host plant resistance to the abiotic stresses of soil salinity, drought, and extreme temperatures. Their symbiosis also sheds light on plant growth and active compound production. Here, we show that endophytic fungi can improve the host medicinal plant resistance to abiotic stress by regulating active compounds, reducing oxidative stress, and regulating the cell ion balance. We also identify the deficiencies and burning issues of available studies and present promising research topics for the future. This review provides guidance for endophytic fungi research to improve the ability of medicinal plants to resist abiotic stress. It also suggests ideas and methods for active compound accumulation in medicinal plants and medicinal material development during the response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiemiao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yichun Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Songyang 323400, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Songyang 323400, China
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Songyang 323400, China
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Mounier L, Pédrot M, Bouhnik-Le-Coz M, Cabello-Hurtado F. Iron oxide nanoparticles improving multimetal phytoextraction in Helianthus annuus. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141534. [PMID: 38403123 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the phytotoxicity of a mixture of five different trace elements (TEs) frequently found as pollutants in soils: arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead and zinc. On the other hand, the plant response to a magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle amendment on this mixture as well as nanomagnetite remediation potential has been tested. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) plants were grown for 90 days in soil contaminated with the five mentioned TEs at the limit levels of TEs in soils likely to receive sludge established by French legislation. Depending on the conditions, experimental set-ups were amended or not with 1% dry weight nanomagnetite (NPsMagn), citric acid-coated nanomagnetite (NPsMagn@CA) or micro-sized magnetite (μPs) in order to assess the behavior of nanomagnetites in a TEs-contaminated water-soil-plant system under repeated water-deficiency stress. The mixture of TEs did not induce phytotoxicity as estimated by plant growth, pigment content, maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis, oxidative impact and antioxidant response. Furthermore, both nanomagnetites treatments in a TEs-contaminated soil significantly increased biomass production by 64 % compared to control and antioxidant enzyme activities compared to control and TEs-treated plants. NPsMagn and NPsMagn@CA particularly enhance phytoextraction of Cd and Cu, increasing the amounts of TEs in aerial parts from 1.5 to 4.5 times compared to set-ups without nanomagnetites. Based on Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn contents in soil solutions, both nanomagnetites treatments improved TEs phytoextraction without increasing groundwater contamination. On the contrary, nanomagnetites significantly reduce arsenic uptake by plants and solubilization in dissolved phase. Our results show that modifying surface physicochemical properties of NPsMagn with citric acid coating does not improve their effects compared to bare NPsMagn. NPsMagn and NPsMagn@CA also appear to mitigate the effects of drought stress. This work highlights several positive environmental aspects related to the use of nanomagnetites in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Mounier
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO, UMR 6553, Av. General Leclerc, F-35042, Rennes Cedex, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Av. General Leclerc, F-35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Pédrot
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Av. General Leclerc, F-35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Martine Bouhnik-Le-Coz
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Av. General Leclerc, F-35042, Rennes Cedex, France
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Li H, Liu Y, Zhen B, Lv M, Zhou X, Yong B, Niu Q, Yang S. Proline Spray Relieves the Adverse Effects of Drought on Wheat Flag Leaf Function. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:957. [PMID: 38611486 PMCID: PMC11013815 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the key factors restricting crop yield. The beneficial effects of exogenous proline on crop growth under drought stress have been demonstrated in maize, rice, and other crops. However, little is known about its effects on wheat under drought stress. Especially, the water-holding capacity of leaves were overlooked in most studies. Therefore, a barrel experiment was conducted with wheat at two drought levels (severe drought: 45% field capacity, mild drought: 60% field capacity), and three proline-spraying levels (0 mM, 25 mM, and 50 mM). Meanwhile, a control with no stress and no proline application was set. The anatomical features, water-holding capacity, antioxidant capacity, and proline content of flag leaves as well as grain yields were measured. The results showed that drought stress increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase and the content of proline in flag leaves, lessened the content of chlorophyll, deformed leaf veins, and decreased the grain yield. Exogenous proline could regulate the osmotic-regulation substance content, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, water-holding capacity, and tissue structure of wheat flag leaves under drought stress, ultimately alleviating the impact of drought stress on wheat yield. The application of proline (25 mM and 50 mM) increased the yield by 2.88% and 10.81% under mild drought and 33.90% and 52.88% under severe drought compared to wheat without proline spray, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Bo Zhen
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture & Forestry, Jurong 212499, China;
| | - Mouchao Lv
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Xinguo Zhou
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Beibei Yong
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Qinglin Niu
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shenjiao Yang
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (H.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.N.); (S.Y.)
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Nongpiur RC, Rawat N, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. OsRR26, a type-B response regulator, modulates salinity tolerance in rice via phytohormone-mediated ROS accumulation in roots and influencing reproductive development. PLANTA 2024; 259:96. [PMID: 38517516 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION OsRR26 is a cytokinin-responsive response regulator that promotes phytohormone-mediated ROS accumulation in rice roots, regulates seedling growth, spikelet fertility, awn development, represses NADPH oxidases, and negatively affects salinity tolerance. Plant two-component systems (TCS) play a pivotal role in phytohormone signaling, stress responses, and circadian rhythm. However, a significant knowledge gap exists regarding TCS in rice. In this study, we utilized a functional genomics approach to elucidate the role of OsRR26, a type-B response regulator in rice. Our results demonstrate that OsRR26 is responsive to cytokinin, ABA, and salinity stress, serving as the ortholog of Arabidopsis ARR11. OsRR26 primarily localizes to the nucleus and plays a crucial role in seedling growth, spikelet fertility, and the suppression of awn development. Exogenous application of cytokinin led to distinct patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the roots of both WT and transgenic plants (OsRR26OE and OsRR26KD), indicating the potential involvement of OsRR26 in cytokinin-mediated ROS signaling in roots. The application of exogenous ABA resulted in varied cellular compartmentalization of ROS between the WT and transgenic lines. Stress tolerance assays of these plants revealed that OsRR26 functions as a negative regulator of salinity stress tolerance across different developmental stages in rice. Physiological and biochemical analyses unveiled that the knockdown of OsRR26 enhances salinity tolerance, characterized by improved chlorophyll retention and the accumulation of soluble sugars, K+ content, and amino acids, particularly proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsong Chantre Nongpiur
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, India.
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35
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García-Locascio E, Valenzuela EI, Cervantes-Avilés P. Impact of seed priming with Selenium nanoparticles on germination and seedlings growth of tomato. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6726. [PMID: 38509209 PMCID: PMC10954673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor germination and seedlings growth can lead to significant economic losses for farmers, therefore, sustainable agricultural strategies to improve germination and early growth of crops are urgently needed. The objective of this work was to evaluate selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) as nanopriming agents for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds germinated without stress conditions in both trays and Petri dishes. Germination quality, seedlings growth, synergism-antagonism of Se with other elements, and fate of Se NPs, were determined as function of different Se NPs concentrations (1, 10 and 50 ppm). Results indicated that the germination rate in Petri dishes improved with 10 ppm, while germination trays presented the best results at 1 ppm, increasing by 10 and 32.5%, respectively. Therefore, seedlings growth was measured only in germination trays. Proline content decreased up to 22.19% with 10 ppm, while for same treatment, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total chlorophyll content increased up to 38.97% and 21.28%, respectively. Antagonisms between Se with Mg, K, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mo in the seed were confirmed. In the case of seedlings, the N content decreased as the Se content increased. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging confirmed that Se NPs surrounded the plastids of the seed cells. By this finding, it can be inferred that Se NPs can reach the embryo, which is supported by the antagonism of Se with important nutrients involved in embryogenesis, such as K, Mg and Fe, and resulted in a better germination quality. Moreover, the positive effect of Se NPs on total chlorophyll and TAC, and the negative correlation with proline content with Se content in the seed, can be explained by Se NPs interactions with proplastids and other organelles within the cells, resulting with the highest length and fresh weight when seeds were exposed to 1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel García-Locascio
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, CP 72453, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Edgardo I Valenzuela
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, CP 72453, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Pabel Cervantes-Avilés
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, CP 72453, Puebla, Pue, México.
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Wang C, Li X, Zhuang Y, Sun W, Cao H, Xu R, Kong F, Zhang D. A novel miR160a-GmARF16-GmMYC2 module determines soybean salt tolerance and adaptation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2176-2192. [PMID: 38135657 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major challenge that has a negative impact on soybean growth and productivity. Therefore, it is important to understand the regulatory mechanism of salt response to ensure soybean yield under such conditions. In this study, we identified and characterized a miR160a-GmARF16-GmMYC2 module and its regulation during the salt-stress response in soybean. miR160a promotes salt tolerance by cleaving GmARF16 transcripts, members of the Auxin Response Factor (ARF) family, which negatively regulates salt tolerance. In turn, GmARF16 activates GmMYC2, encoding a bHLH transcription factor that reduces salinity tolerance by down-regulating proline biosynthesis. Genomic analysis among wild and cultivated soybean accessions identified four distinct GmARF16 haplotypes. Among them, the GmARF16H3 haplotype is preferentially enriched in localities with relatively saline soils, suggesting GmARF16H3 was artificially selected to improve salt tolerance. Our findings therefore provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying salt response in soybean and provide valuable genetic targets for the molecular breeding of salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yongbin Zhuang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Wancai Sun
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Hongxiang Cao
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dajian Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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Sharifi Kalyani F, Babaei S, Zafarsohrabpour Y, Nosratti I, Gage K, Sadeghpour A. Investigating the impacts of airborne dust on herbicide performance on Amaranthus retroflexus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3785. [PMID: 38360846 PMCID: PMC10869696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Dust pollution poses environmental hazards, affecting agriculture through reduced sunlight exposure, photosynthesis, crop yields, and food security. This study explores the interference of dust pollution on herbicide efficacy to control weeds in a semi-arid region. In a factorial experiment conducted in 2019 and replicated in 2020, the interaction of dust and various herbicide applications, including bentazon, sulfosulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, aminopyralid + florasulam, foramsulfuron + iodosulfuron + thiencarbazone, 2,4-D + MCPA, and acetochlor, in controlling Amaranthus retroflexus L. were assessed. Dust induced a 9.2% reduction in the total chlorophyll content of A. retroflexus, while herbicide application independently led to a 67.5% decrease. Contrary to expectations, herbicides performed better in dust, except bentazon, which caused a 28% drop in plant height and a 29% decrease in total biomass compared to non-dust conditions. Both herbicides and dust exerted suppressive effects on A. retroflexus's leaf and stem weights and overall biomass. Despite dust presence, tribenuron-methyl (95.8%), aminopyralid + florasulam (95.7%), sulfosulfuron (96.5%), and foramsulfuron + iodosulfuron + thiencarbazone (97.8%) effectively controlled A. retroflexus. These findings indicate that dust's effect on herbicide efficacy is herbicide-dependent but except bentazon, dust generally increased herbicide efficacy and amplified the control of A. retroflexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firouzeh Sharifi Kalyani
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sirwan Babaei
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
- Crop, Soil, and Environmental Management Program, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
| | - Yasin Zafarsohrabpour
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Iraj Nosratti
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karla Gage
- Crop, Soil, and Environmental Management Program, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Amir Sadeghpour
- Crop, Soil, and Environmental Management Program, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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Ye J, Yang J, Zheng R, Yu J, Jiang X, Li S, Jiang M. Physiological response and tolerance of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. to low temperature stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:269-285. [PMID: 38623159 PMCID: PMC11016044 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The plant Sesuvium portulacastrum L., commonly referred to as sea purslane, is a perennial halophytic species with significant potential for development in marine ecological restoration. However, its growth is limited in high-latitude regions with lower temperatures due to its subtropical nature. Furthermore, literature on its cold tolerance is scarce. This study, therefore, focused on sea purslane plants naturally overwintering in Ningbo (29°77'N), investigating their morphological, histological, rooting, and physiological responses to low temperatures (7 °C, 11 °C, 15 °C, and 19 °C). The findings indicated an escalation in cold damage severity with decreasing temperatures. At 7 °C, the plants failed to root and subsequently perished. In contrast, at 11 °C, root systems developed, while at 15 °C and 19 °C, the plants exhibited robust growth, outperforming the 11 °C group in terms of leaf number and root length significantly (P < 0.05). Histological analyses showed a marked reduction in leaf thickness under cold stress (P < 0.05), with disorganized leaf structure observed in the 7 °C group, whereas it remained stable at higher temperatures. No root primordia were evident in the vascular cambium of the 7 and 11 °C groups, in contrast to the 15 and 19 °C groups. Total chlorophyll content decreased with temperature, following the order: 19 °C > 15 °C > 11 °C > 7 °C. Notably, ascorbic acid levels were significantly higher in the 7 and 11 °C groups than in the 15 and 19 °C groups. Additionally, the proline concentration in the 7 °C group was approximately fourfold higher than in the 19 °C group. Activities of antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase-were significantly elevated in the 7 and 11 °C groups compared to the 15 and 19 °C groups. Moreover, the malondialdehyde content in the 7 °C group (36.63 ± 1.75 nmol/g) was significantly higher, about 5.5 and 9.6 times, compared to the 15 °C and 19 °C groups, respectively. In summary, 7 °C is a critical threshold for sea purslane stem segments; below this temperature, cellular homeostasis is disrupted, leading to an excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides and subsequent death due to an inability to neutralize excess reactive oxygen species. At 11 °C, although photosynthesis is impaired, self-protective mechanisms such as enhanced antioxidative systems and osmoregulation are activated. However, root development is compromised, resulting in stunted growth. These results contribute to expanding the geographic distribution of sea purslane and provide a theoretical basis for its ecological restoration in high-latitude mariculture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01429-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Ye
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Rou Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiamin Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- Xiangshan Laifa Aquaculture Hatchery Facility, Ningbo, 315704 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Maowang Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Mariculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315832 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
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Brewster C, Fenner N, Hayes F. Chronic ozone exposure affects nitrogen remobilization in wheat at key growth stages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168288. [PMID: 37924890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between nitrogen storage and translocation, senescence, and late phase photosynthesis is critical to the post-anthesis grain fill period in wheat, but ozone's effect on nitrogen dynamics within the wheat plant is not well understood. This study used solardomes to expose a widely grown elite spring wheat cultivar, cv. Skyfall, to four levels of ozone (30 ppb, 45 ppb, 70 ppb, 85 ppb) for 11 weeks, with two levels of nitrogen fertilization, 140 kg ha-1 and 160 kg ha-1, the higher rate including an additional 20 kg N ha-1 at anthesis. Chronic ozone exposure triggered earlier senescence in the 4th, 3rd and 2nd leaves but not the flag leaf, with a similar pattern of reduced chlorophyll content in the lower, older leaf cohorts, which started before senescence became visible. At anthesis there was no evidence of any effect of ozone on nitrogen storage in upper plant parts. However, high ozone increased levels of residual nitrogen found within plant parts at harvest, with concomitant reductions in C:N ratios and Nitrogen Remobilization Efficiency. Extra nitrogen fertilization applied at anthesis appeared to ameliorate the effect of ozone on nitrogen content and nitrogen translocation. The application of 15N ammonium nitrate at anthesis confirmed that the majority of post-anthesis nitrogen uptake had been translocated to the ear/grain by harvest, with no effect of ozone on the translocation of nitrogen around the plant. These data can inform future modelling of ozone's effect on nitrogen dynamics and global wheat yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Brewster
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor, Wales, UK; Bangor University, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor, Wales, UK.
| | - Nathalie Fenner
- Bangor University, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor, Wales, UK.
| | - Felicity Hayes
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor, Wales, UK.
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40
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Kadam SB, Barvkar VT. COI1 dependent jasmonic acid signalling positively modulates ROS scavenging system in transgenic hairy root culture of tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108229. [PMID: 38039582 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a routine event in plants. ROS function as signalling molecules in regulating plant development and defence. However, their accumulation beyond threshold leads to toxicity. Hence, plants are evolved with specialized ROS scavenging system involving phytohormones (synthesis and signalling), enzymes and metabolites. To understand the role of phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) signalling in ROS scavenging, tomato coronatine insensitive 1 (SlCOI1), a key gene in JA signalling, was silenced and overexpressed in tomato transgenic hairy roots (HR) under the constitutive promoter. Targeted metabolomics of transgenic HR revealed accumulation of phenolic acids including ferulic acid, coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and flavonoid catechin in SlCOI1 overexpressed line. Moreover, osmolyte amino acids proline, asparagine, and glutamine showed a positive co-relation with transgenic overexpression of SlCOI1. Ascorbic acid-glutathione, a crucial antioxidant system was found to be influenced by COI1-mediated JA signalling. The expression of genes encoding enzymes superoxide dismutase 1, ascorbate peroxidase 1, and dehydroascorbate reductase 2 was found to be down and upregulated in SlCOI1 silenced and overexpressed lines, respectively. Methyl jasmonate and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici crude extract treatment further confirmed the regulatory role of COI1-mediated JA signalling in regulation of enzymatic components involved in ROS scavenging. The COI1-mediated JA signalling could also elevate the expression of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG-B gene which is involved in ROS wave signal generation. The present study underscores the role of COI1-mediated JA signalling in modulating enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of ROS scavenging system and pathogen associated molecular pattern triggered immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil B Kadam
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
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Islam M, Ferrarini A, Ali A, Kam J, Trindade LM, Clifton-Brown J, Amaducci S. Assessment of Drought and Zinc Stress Tolerance of Novel Miscanthus Hybrids and Arundo donax Clones Using Physiological, Biochemical, and Morphological Traits. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1525. [PMID: 38132351 PMCID: PMC10741058 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
High-yield potential perennial crops, such as Miscanthus spp. and Arundo donax are amongst the most promising sources of sustainable biomass for bioproducts and bioenergy. Although several studies assessed the agronomic performance of these species on diverse marginal lands, research to date on drought and zinc (Zn) resistance is scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the drought and Zn stress tolerance of seven novel Miscanthus hybrids and seven Arundo clones originating from different parts of Italy. We subjected both species to severe drought (less than 30%), and Zn stress (400 mg/kg-1 of ZnSO4) separately, after one month of growth. All plants were harvested after 28 days of stress, and the relative drought and Zn stress tolerance were determined by using a set of morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass attributes in relation to stress tolerance indices (STI). Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and stress tolerance indices (STI) were performed for each morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass parameters and showed significant relative differences among the seven genotypes of both crops. Heatmaps of these indices showed how the different genotypes clustered into four groups. Considering PCA ranking value, Miscanthus hybrid GRC10 (8.11) and Arundo clone PC1 (11.34) had the highest-ranking value under both stresses indicating these hybrids and clones are the most tolerant to drought and Zn stress. In contrast, hybrid GRC3 (-3.33 lowest ranking value) and clone CT2 (-5.84) were found to be the most sensitive to both drought and Zn stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monirul Islam
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Andrea Ferrarini
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Jason Kam
- Terravesta, Unit 4 Riverside Court, Skellingthorpe Road, Lincoln LN1 5AB, UK
| | - Luisa M. Trindade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK;
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung I, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Interdisziplinäres Forschungszentrum iFZ, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefano Amaducci
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
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Borde NL, Dweikat I. Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with Seedling Frost Tolerance in Sorghum. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2117. [PMID: 38136939 PMCID: PMC10743030 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is the fifth most valuable cereal crop globally. Although sorghum is tolerant to drought and elevated temperatures, it is susceptible to chilling, frost, and freezing stresses. Sorghum seeds planted in April may encounter frequent frost during late April and early May. Early spring freezing temperatures adversely affect crop development and yield. This study aims to identify genomic regions associated with frost tolerance at the seedlings stage. Breeding freeze-tolerant cultivars require selection for freeze tolerance in nurseries. However, the unpredictability of environmental conditions complicates the identification of freeze-tolerant genotypes. An indoor selection protocol has been developed to investigate the genetic determinism of freeze tolerance at the seedling stages and its correlation with several developmental traits. To accomplish this, we used two populations of recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from crosses between cold-tolerant (CT19, ICSV700) and cold-sensitive (TX430, M81E) parents. The derived RIL populations were evaluated for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) under controlled environments for their response to freezing stress. Linkage maps were constructed with 464 and 875 SNPs for the CT19 X TX430 (C1) and ICSV700 X M81E(C2) populations. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, we identified six QTLs conferring tolerance to freezing temperatures. One QTL in the C1 population and four QTLs in the C2 population, explain 17.75-98% of the phenotypic variance of traits measured. Proline leaf content was increased in response to exposing the seedlings to low temperatures. Candidate QTLs identified in this study could be further exploited to develop frost-tolerant cultivars as proxies in marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection, and genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ismail Dweikat
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915, USA;
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Liu F, Zhao Y, Wang X, Wang B, Xiao F, He K. Physiological response and drought resistance evaluation of Gleditsia sinensis seedlings under drought-rehydration state. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19963. [PMID: 37968307 PMCID: PMC10651932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
G. sinensis is a crucial tree species in China, possessing important economic and ecological value, and having a wide geographical distribution. G. sinensis seedlings is highly vulnerable to the drought-rehydration-drought cycle during their growth, and there is a lack of quantitative and systematic research on the physiological mechanisms of drought resistance and rehydration in G. sinensis. There is also a lack of good drought-resistant families and reliable methods for evaluating drought resistance, which severely hinders the selection and promotion of drought-resistant G. sinensis families and the industry's development. Therefore, this study selection 58 families seedlings of G. sinensis to drought stress and rehydration using an artificial simulated water control method in potted seedlings. The aim was to compare the effects of different levels of drought and rehydration on the growth and physiological indices of seedlings from different families. Identification of drought-resistant families and dependable drought related indices and techniques, the explanation of divergence in drought stress effects on various drought-resistant seedlings and the mechanisms underpinning growth and physiological responses, and the provision of theoretical reference for G. sinensis drought-resistant variety selection and cultivation. The Drought Resistance Index (DRI) served as the primary indicator, supplemented by growth, leaf morphology, and photosynthetic physiological indicators, to thoroughly assess and identify five distinct drought tolerant taxa while also selecting five representative families. Soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, as well as the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in seedlings from the five families, increased as the degree of drought intensified. The highest values were appeared during periods of severe drought, and gradually decreased after subsequent rehydration. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed MDA and soluble sugars (SS) as the primary predictors of drought and rehydration response in G. sinensis seedlings respectively. Changes in osmoregulatory substance content and increased antioxidant enzyme activity may be crucial for responding to drought tolerance mechanisms. Leaf morphological indicators, seedling height, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, photosynthetic indicators, and MDA are dependable parameters for assessing the drought tolerance of G. sinensis seedlings. When assessing the drought-resistance of seedlings using physiological indicators such as photosynthesis, a comprehensive analysis should incorporate multiple indicators and methods. This evaluation approach could serve as a reference for screening exceptional drought-resistant families of G. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Liu
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiurong Wang
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Kequan He
- The State-Owned Forest Farm of Dushan County, Dushan, 558200, Guizhou, China
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Wang J, Tian Q, Zhou H, Kang J, Yu X, Shen L. Key metabolites and regulatory network mechanisms in co-culture of fungi and microalgae based on metabolomics analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129718. [PMID: 37678649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jue Kang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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45
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Rahimi M, Mortazavi M, Mianabadi A, Debnath S. Evaluation of basil (Ocimum basilicum) accessions under different drought conditions based on yield and physio-biochemical traits. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:523. [PMID: 37891460 PMCID: PMC10612340 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basil is one of the most famous herbs, which has broad usage as a fresh vegetable and therapeutic and pharmaceutical services. The main abiotic stress limiting basil production globally is drought. As a result, appropriate drought screening-which effectively separates high-yielding but drought-sensitive genotypes from drought-tolerant genotypes-is necessary for the optimal selection of high-yielding basil cultivars under drought stress conditions. So, a split plot experiment with three replications based on a completely randomized design were carried out in a pot under field conditions for this investigation. Water levels (full irrigation or control, moderate stress, and severe stress) were assigned as main plots, while 22 basil accessions were given as sub-plots. In this study, leaf yield as well as physio-biochemical traits had measured on accessions. RESULTS Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions. The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively. Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively. Furthermore, the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the ward method in both conditions (moderate and severe drought conditions) placed the accessions in three groups, and accessions were identified as tolerant, whose average traits in that group were higher than the total average. The principal component analysis also showed that in moderate drought conditions, the first two components explained about 95.28% of the total variation, while in severe drought conditions, these two components explained about 96.37% of the total variation. CONCLUSIONS The different multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, PCA, mean comparison) were used to identify tolerant and sensitive accessions based on all traits. The accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be tolerant to stress, while G10, G15, G16, and G20 were found to be sensitive to drought. These accessions are a useful step in producing drought-tolerant, high-yielding accessions and can be utilized in breeding programs for basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ameneh Mianabadi
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, PalliSiksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731236, India
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Luo Z, Che X, Han P, Chen Z, Chen Z, Chen J, Xiang S, Ding P. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveals the potential mechanism of Morinda officinalis How in response to freezing stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:507. [PMID: 37872484 PMCID: PMC10591367 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morinda officinalis How (MO) is a vine shrub distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, known as one of the "Four Southern Herbal Medicines" in China. The unclear responsive mechanism by which MO adapt to freezing stress limits progress in molecular breeding for MO freezing tolerance. RESULTS In this study, morphological, physiological and microstructure changes in MO exposed to -2℃ for 0 h, 3 h, 8 h and 24 h were comprehensively characterized. The results showed that freezing stress caused seedling dehydration, palisade cell and spongy mesophyll destruction. A significant increase in the content of proline, soluble protein and soluble sugars, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase was observed. Subsequently, we analyzed the transcriptomic changes of MO leaves at different times under freezing treatment by RNA-seq. A total of 24,498 unigenes were annotated and 3252 unigenes were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Most of these DEGs were annotated in starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signaling pathways. Family Enrichment analysis showed that the glucosyl/glucuronosyl transferases, oxidoreductase, chlorophyll a/b binding protein and calcium binding protein families were significantly enriched. We also characterized 7 types of transcription factors responding to freezing stress, among which the most abundant family was the MYBs, followed by the AP2/ERFs and NACs. Furthermore, 10 DEGs were selected for qRT-PCR analysis, which validated the reliability and accuracy of RNA-seq data. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an overall view of the dynamic changes in physiology and insight into the molecular regulation mechanisms of MO in response to freezing stress. This study will lay a foundation for freezing tolerance molecular breeding and improving the quality of MO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoying Che
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Panpan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zien Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinfang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sishi Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Zhu J, Cai Y, Wakisaka M, Yang Z, Yin Y, Fang W, Xu Y, Omura T, Yu R, Zheng ALT. Mitigation of oxidative stress damage caused by abiotic stress to improve biomass yield of microalgae: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165200. [PMID: 37400020 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have been recognized as emerging cell factories due to the high value-added bio-products. However, the balance between algal growth and the accumulation of metabolites is always the main contradiction in algal biomass production. Hence, the security and effectiveness of regulating microalgal growth and metabolism simultaneously have drawn substantial attention. Since the correspondence between microalgal growth and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level has been confirmed, improving its growth under oxidative stress and promoting biomass accumulation under non-oxidative stress by exogenous mitigators is feasible. This paper first introduced ROS generation in microalgae and described the effects of different abiotic stresses on the physiological and biochemical status of microalgae from these aspects associated with growth, cell morphology and structure, and antioxidant system. Secondly, the role of exogenous mitigators with different mechanisms in alleviating abiotic stress was concluded. Finally, the possibility of exogenous antioxidants regulating microalgal growth and improving the accumulation of specific products under non-stress conditions was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China; Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan.
| | - Yifei Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Minato Wakisaka
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan; Food Study Centre, Fukuoka Women's University, 1-1-1 Kasumigaoka, Fukuoka 813-8529, Japan.
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Yongqi Yin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Weiming Fang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang West Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Taku Omura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ruihui Yu
- School of International Trade, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Alvin Lim Teik Zheng
- Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, Sarawak 97008, Malaysia
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Bączek-Kwinta R, Janowiak F, Simlat M, Antonkiewicz J. Involvement of Dynamic Adjustment of ABA, Proline and Sugar Levels in Rhizomes in Effective Acclimation of Solidago gigantea to Contrasting Weather and Soil Conditions in the Country of Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15368. [PMID: 37895047 PMCID: PMC10607263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea Aiton) is one of the most invasive plant species occurring in Europe. Since little is known about the molecular mechanisms contributing to its invasiveness, we examined the natural dynamics of the content of rhizome compounds, which can be crucial for plant resistance and adaptation to environmental stress. We focused on rhizomes because they are the main vector of giant goldenrod dispersion in invaded lands. Water-soluble sugars, proline, and abscisic acid (ABA) were quantified in rhizomes, as well as ABA in the rhizosphere from three different but geographically close natural locations in Poland (50°04'11.3″ N, 19°50'40.2″ E) under extreme light, thermal, and soil conditions, in early spring, late summer, and late autumn. The genetic diversity of plants between locations was checked using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Sugar and proline content was assayed spectrophotometrically, and abscisic acid (ABA) with the ELISA immunomethod. It can be assumed that the accumulation of sugars in giant goldenrod rhizomes facilitated the process of plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions (high temperature and/or water scarcity) caused by extreme weather in summer and autumn. The same was true for high levels of proline and ABA in summer. On the other hand, the lowering of proline and ABA in autumn did not confirm the previous assumptions about their synthesis in rhizomes during the acquisition of frost resistance by giant goldenrod. However, in the location with intensive sunlight and most extreme soil conditions, a constant amount of ABA in rhizomes was noticed as well as its exudation into the rhizosphere. This research indicates that soluble sugars, proline, and ABA alterations in rhizomes can participate in the mechanism of acclimation of S. gigantea to specific soil and meteorological conditions in the country of invasion irrespective of plant genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bączek-Kwinta
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Podłużna 3, ul. Łobzowska 24, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Simlat
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Podłużna 3, ul. Łobzowska 24, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Jacek Antonkiewicz
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
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49
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Jin EJ, Yoon JH, Lee H, Bae EJ, Yong SH, Choi MS. Evaluation of drought stress level in Sargent's cherry ( Prunus sargentii Rehder) using photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and proline content analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15954. [PMID: 37842053 PMCID: PMC10576498 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargent's cherry trees (Prunus sargentiiRehder) are widely planted as an ornamental, climate change-sensing species. This study investigated changes in the soil moisture content, fresh weight, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence properties, and the chlorophyll and proline content of four-year-old P. sargentii seedlings after 30 days of drought stress. In the trees subjected to drought stress treatment, soil moisture content decreased, and the fresh weight of the aboveground part of the plant decreased. However, there was no significant difference in the root growth of the dried plants. Among the photosynthesis parameters, Pn MAX, E and gs showed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease after 15 days in dry-stressed seedlings, but there was no difference between treatments in WUE until 20 days, and there was a significant (p < 0.001) difference after 24 days. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, Rfd, NPQ, and Pn MAX, also increased after 10 days in dry-stressed seedlings, but these changes did not reach statistical significance compared to the control treatment. These results may suggest that drought stress highly correlates with photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Chlorophyll content also significantly decreased in the seedlings under drought stress compared with the control treatment. The proline content decreased until the 10th day of drought stress treatment and increased after the 15th day, showing an increase of 10.9% on the 15th day and 57.1% on the 30th day, compared to the control treatment. These results suggest that photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and proline content can be used to evaluate drought stress in trees. The results of this study can contribute to the management of forests, such as the irrigation of trees when pore control ability and photosynthesis ability decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon Ju Jin
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National institute of Forest Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Yoon
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National institute of Forest Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyeok Lee
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National institute of Forest Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Bae
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National institute of Forest Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Yong
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Myung Suk Choi
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Division of Environmental Forest Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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50
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Rodrigues M, Forestan C, Ravazzolo L, Hugueney P, Baltenweck R, Rasori A, Cardillo V, Carraro P, Malagoli M, Brizzolara S, Quaggiotti S, Porro D, Meggio F, Bonghi C, Battista F, Ruperti B. Metabolic and Molecular Rearrangements of Sauvignon Blanc ( Vitis vinifera L.) Berries in Response to Foliar Applications of Specific Dry Yeast. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3423. [PMID: 37836164 PMCID: PMC10574919 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Dry yeast extracts (DYE) are applied to vineyards to improve aromatic and secondary metabolic compound content and wine quality; however, systematic information on the underpinning molecular mechanisms is lacking. This work aimed to unravel, through a systematic approach, the metabolic and molecular responses of Sauvignon Blanc berries to DYE treatments. To accomplish this, DYE spraying was performed in a commercial vineyard for two consecutive years. Berries were sampled at several time points after the treatment, and grapes were analyzed for sugars, acidity, free and bound aroma precursors, amino acids, and targeted and untargeted RNA-Seq transcriptional profiles. The results obtained indicated that the DYE treatment did not interfere with the technological ripening parameters of sugars and acidity. Some aroma precursors, including cys-3MH and GSH-3MH, responsible for the typical aromatic nuances of Sauvignon Blanc, were stimulated by the treatment during both vintages. The levels of amino acids and the global RNA-seq transcriptional profiles indicated that DYE spraying upregulated ROS homeostatic and thermotolerance genes, as well as ethylene and jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes, and activated abiotic and biotic stress responses. Overall, the data suggested that the DYE reduced berry oxidative stress through the regulation of specific subsets of metabolic and hormonal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodrigues
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristian Forestan
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Laura Ravazzolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Philippe Hugueney
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), SVQV UMR A1131, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; (P.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Raymonde Baltenweck
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), SVQV UMR A1131, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; (P.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Angela Rasori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Valerio Cardillo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Pietro Carraro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Mario Malagoli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Stefano Brizzolara
- Crop Science Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Silvia Quaggiotti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Duilio Porro
- Technology Transfer Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all ‘Adige, Italy;
| | - Franco Meggio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
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