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Babcock N, Zarate J, Wang S, Watson RJ, Eaton LA, Snapp SD. How LGBTQ+ Young Adults Navigate Personal Risk in App-Based Hookups: The Safety Spectrum Theory. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:2347-2359. [PMID: 38664349 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Research on hooking up is rife with examinations of risky sexual health practices among LGBTQ+ young adults; yet, little has been written about the personal safety practices for this population. This omission is notable because safety practices can enhance the notable positive outcomes related to hooking up. Drawing on one-on-one interviews with 50 LGBTQ+ young adults (20 cismen, 20 ciswomen, two transmen, and eight others) in British Columbia, California, and Connecticut, we developed the safety spectrum theory, which used a spectral measurement to assess how LGBTQ+ young adults negotiate safety practices and implement safety rules. This spectrum was then applied to a three-step sequence of application (app)-based hookup rituals: online initiation, pre-meeting preparation, and in-person meetup. Results indicated that safety strategies may be dictated by situational factors, where individuals adapt to varying circumstances to be more in control of personal safety when hooking up. We further identified that participants move across the spectrum depending upon contextual factors, such as the gender of the potential hookup partner. This work suggests that LGBTQ+ young adults are mindful of their personal safety and deserve more credit than previously attributed in queer and sexual health research. From these findings, we provide evidence-based recommendations to make dating/hookup apps and public health campaigns more effective at mitigating hookup-related risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikole Babcock
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd., U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Jose Zarate
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Skyler Wang
- Department of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J Watson
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd., U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Lisa A Eaton
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd., U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Shannon D Snapp
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA, USA
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Pravosud V, Ballard AM, Holloway IW, Young AM. Latent Class Analysis of Online Platforms for Partner-Seeking and Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men from Central Kentucky. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1015-1028. [PMID: 37824036 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Little is known whether engagement in sexual behaviors associated with potential HIV risks differs by subgroups of men who have sex with men (MSM), who are distinct regarding patterns of use of online tools for partner-seeking. Using latent class analysis, we revealed four classes of app-using MSM (n = 181, 18-34 y.o., 82.4% identified as White and non-Hispanic) residing in Central Kentucky: the Grindr/Tinder class; the Poly App Use class of MSM-oriented apps; the General Social Media class, and the Bumble class. Unadjusted penalized logistic regressions showed associations of the Poly App Use class with increased numbers of receptive anal sex partners and reporting condomless receptive anal sex. Adjusting for other covariates, poly app users versus others were more likely to be older (25-34 vs. 18-24, AOR = 3.81, 95%CI = 1.70-9.03), to report past six-month illicit drug use (AOR = 2.93, 95%CI = 1.25-7.43) and to have ever used pre-exposure prophylaxis (AOR = 2.79, 95%CI = 1.10-7.12). Poly app users had behavior profiles associated with an elevated HIV risk and also reported HIV-related protective behaviors likely indicating increased risk awareness among this class. Our findings warrant differentiation of behavior profiles by patterns of app use and suggest not to generalize sexual behaviors associated with potential HIV risks to all app-using MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vira Pravosud
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - April M Ballard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ian W Holloway
- Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - April M Young
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
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3
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Dietzel C. Clickable Consent: How Men Who Have Sex with Men Understand and Practice Sexual Consent on Dating Apps and in Person. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2024; 61:481-494. [PMID: 37526356 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2235584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone-based dating applications like Grindr are popular among men who have sex with men (MSM), and it is common for MSM to engage in sexual activity with other users. Despite this, there is limited research on MSM's negotiations of consent for online sexual interactions and in-person sexual encounters. This study examined MSM's understandings and practices of consent on dating apps and in person. Interpretative phenomenological analysis of 25 interviews with MSM dating app users revealed that many participants could identify key aspects of consent but did not always apply those understandings to their own practices. For online sexual interactions, some participants viewed consent as connecting to a dating app - a practice I term "clickable consent" - while other participants viewed consent as continuous and communicated consent in explicit and implicit ways. Although all participants negotiated consent online in preparation for an in-person sexual encounter, some renegotiated consent in person with explicit or non-explicit communication, while others did not renegotiate consent in person. Results shed light on how MSM's online conversations impact their in-app and in-person sexual activities, and reveal challenges that MSM face in digital and physical spaces. Conclusions, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed further.
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Aitken BC, Taylor L. Uses and Grindifications: Examining the Motivators and Antecedents of Grindr Usage Among GBMSM. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38266178 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2297953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Grindr is a popular geospatial networking application (GSNA) among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (GBMSM); it can be used for variety of goals (e.g. finding dates, making friends, or coordinating a hookup) depending on the user's wants. These needs and wants, however, do not arise in a vacuum. Informed by uses and gratification (U&G) theory, this paper examined individual factors such as race, body image and depression as drivers of the motivations behind Grindr usage In an online cross-sectional survey (N = 102), we explored the antecedents of six different motivations (i.e. friendship, sex, entertainment, romantic partnership, social inclusion, and location-based community) for Grindr use among GBMSM. The results revealed that romance and friendship motives increased Grindr usage compared to the other four motivation categories. Across motivation categories, habitual Grindr usage was a significant driver of continued Grindr use. Individual factors such as race, sociosexuality and self-disclosure also influenced users' motivations to use Grindr. Overall, the results point to individual factors eliciting differing motivations for Grindr use, resulting in either outcome-based or passive usage of the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Aitken
- Communication, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Laramie Taylor
- Communication, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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5
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Chadwick SB, Antebi-Gruszka N, Siegel K, Schrimshaw EW. "I Assumed that He Knows Because He's Seen My Profile": HIV Status Disclosure and Condom Use Decisions Among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Using Hookup Apps and Websites. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:3992-4009. [PMID: 37392269 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we sought to better understand how MSM make decisions about HIV disclosure when using hook-up apps/websites and how these decisions relate to condom use during app/website-facilitated sexual encounters. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 MSM (30% living with HIV) who had used hook-up apps and websites to meet sexual partners within the past three months. Results demonstrated a variety of approaches to HIV status disclosure. Some men reported usually discussing HIV status, but others discussed HIV status selectively (e.g., only when asked, when a relationship became more serious). Some men reported that listing one's status in a profile precluded the need to discuss it further. Others noted that leaving an HIV status blank "hinted" at their own or others' HIV positive or negative status. These approaches were closely linked to decisions about condom use. Many men reported serosorting based on inferences or assumptions about partners' HIV status. Together, results highlighted potential gaps in communication that can lead to faulty assumptions about HIV status and subsequent serodiscordant condomless sex and suggest that interventions that promote HIV status disclosure address these potential faulty assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara B Chadwick
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
- Departments of Psychology & Gender and Women's Studies, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Gender & Women's Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3381 Sterling Hall, 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | | | - Karolynn Siegel
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric W Schrimshaw
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Wang M. Safe on Blued? A Qualitative Exploration of Sex, Risk, and Stigma on a Gay Social Application in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2023; 35:596-607. [PMID: 38601809 PMCID: PMC10903620 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2023.2260797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Mobile dating apps emerged with the development of technology, for example, Blued in China, becoming a new risk field for gay men in the AIDS era. Users use social apps to chat online and date offline to achieve the satisfaction of lust or sexual practice, but the risk of AID looms over the whole process of using apps. Methods Nineteen interviewees were invited to participate in this study, which included gay men who were using or had used Blued. The content of the semi-structured interviews focused on the relationship between gay social apps and HIV risk. Results The study finds Blued interweaved with sex, risk, and stigma. Blued is sexualized due to sexual intentions and practices. There is also a sexual stratification of risk with Blued and its users based on socioeconomic factors. Users experience a dilemma between pursuing sex while being concerned about latent risk within a context of stigmatization. Conclusions Blued is sexualized in terms of the process of stimulating sexual gratification and facilitating sexual practices. The experience of Blued is an example of sexual stratification, and a structure of desire based on app users and app uses. Furthermore, the social stigma against men who have sex with men is transferred to Blued, which bears the stigma of "AIDS-Blued" with a dual stigma-HIV-related and homosexual stigma. However, with the authorized approval of Blued in public health, Blued could play an essential role in HIV/AIDS prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Woerner J, Chadwick SB, Antebi-Gruszka N, Siegel K, Schrimshaw EW. Negative Sexual Experiences Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Using GPS-Enabled Hook-Up Apps and Websites. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023:1-16. [PMID: 38016029 PMCID: PMC11130079 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2269930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) often use GPS-enabled dating apps and websites to facilitate in-person sexual encounters. Many of these encounters are positive and enjoyable. However, there is limited research on GBMSM's negative experiences with partners from hookup and dating apps/websites, especially those characterized by threats to GBMSM's sexual, physical, and/or psychological safety. In this report, we investigated this matter. We analyzed data from interviews with GBMSM (N = 60) and identified four categories of negative sexual experiences, each of which were comprised by sub-categories: 1) sexual violence (physical sexual assault, verbal sexual coercion, intoxicated assault/coercion), 2) sexual health risk behaviors (condom use resistance and coercion, deception related to HIV/STI status), 3) non-negotiated behaviors (undiscussed/unexpected sex acts, rough sex, sexualized racism, undesired substance use by the partner), and 4) threats to physical safety beyond sexual violence (being blocked from leaving, stalked, robbed, drugged). These results can inform future research and interventions that aim to promote safety on dating apps/websites within the GBMSM community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Woerner
- Departments of Sociology and Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Sara B. Chadwick
- Department of Gender & Women’s Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Karolynn Siegel
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Eric W. Schrimshaw
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
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Zhang H, Sanchez T, Zlotorzynska M, Baral S, Hecht J. Experiences of Stigma and HIV Status Associated with Awareness and Usage of Safer Sex Functions in Dating Apps Among MSM, 2019 American Men's Internet Survey (AMIS) Study. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:3603-3611. [PMID: 37421546 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Dating apps represent opportunities to implement sexual health interventions among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those who may avoid traditional health services due to intersecting stigmas. We used multivariable models to explore whether stigma experience was associated with awareness and usage of safer sex functions in dating apps among 7700 MSM who completed a 2019 US nationwide online survey. Perceived community intolerance of gay and bisexual men was associated with reduced awareness of sexual health strategy profile options (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 0.95; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.93-0.98) and sexual health information and resources (aPR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99). Stigma from family and friends was associated with increased usage of app-based sexual health reminders (aPR 1.14; 95% CI 1.02-1.28) and sexual health information and resources (aPR 1.16; 95% CI 1.04-1.31). Stigma experience of MSM should be considered in optimizing app-based sexual health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisu Zhang
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Travis Sanchez
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Maria Zlotorzynska
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Stefan Baral
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21215, USA
| | - Jen Hecht
- Building Healthy Online Communities, Springboard Health Lab, Richmond, USA
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Echevarria SG, Peterson R, Woerner J. College Students' Experiences of Dating App Facilitated Sexual Violence and Associations with Mental Health Symptoms and Well-Being. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:1193-1205. [PMID: 36240457 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2130858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dating app facilitated sexual violence (DAFSV) includes behaviors such as unwanted sexual comments/harassment, unsolicited sexual photos, and gender/sexuality-based harassment - and could extend to sexual violence when meeting partners face-to-face. The effects of sexual violence on mental health are well-established; however, research on DAFSV has been limited. The goal of the current study was to understand college students' experiences of DAFSV and investigate cross-sectional associations with indicators of mental health (i.e. depression and anxiety symptoms) and well-being (i.e. self-esteem, loneliness, perceived control). Participants were college students in the United States who used dating apps (N = 277) and identified primarily as women (64.6%) and heterosexual/straight (74.0%). Most participants (88.4%) self-reported at least one instance of DAFSV. Women (vs. men) and sexual minority (vs. heterosexual/straight) individuals experienced more frequent DAFSV. Regression analyses indicated that DAFSV frequency was associated with higher depression and anxiety symptoms, higher loneliness, lower self-esteem, and lower perceived control. This study highlights the importance of DAFSV for a broad range of well-being indicators. Given that dating apps are one of the most common means of meeting partners, research is needed to better understand these initial interactions, prevent DAFSV from occurring, and mitigate the impact of DAFSV on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacqueline Woerner
- Department of Sociology, University of Central Florida
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida
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10
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Zheng L, Lin S. Motivation, Appearance Focus, and Exclusion on Gay Dating App "Blued" in China: Content and Network Analysis of Textual Self-Presentation. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37267123 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2218345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Blued is the most popular gay dating app among Chinese sexual minority men. This study explored the textual self-presentation of the profiles on Blued in terms of motivation, appearance focus, and exclusion. A total of 10,000 profiles were randomly selected from a dataset of 197,516 profiles using an interval sampling method. A total of 230 features were developed, and six themes were extracted from 4,881 profiles based on content analysis. The themes were motivation, personal information, partner preference, partner non-preference, sexual preference, and communication preference. Body and age were the most commonly mentioned self-presentations, followed by attractiveness and masculinity. Self-presentations largely focused on the users' photos are prominent on Blued. Exclusion against those who were "overweight," "elderly," "unattractive," and "effeminate" was common. Network analysis was used to analyze and visualize the co-occurrence of these features. Appearance focus and exclusion features were linked with both "hookup" and "no hookup" motivations. Photo-focused communication was linked to the exclusion of others. "No hookup" motivation was associated with more social motivation (e.g., making friends and chatting) and trait-focused communication (e.g., being polite and permanent). "Hookup" motivation was associated with genital presentations (i.e., "big penis" and "like big penis"). Most self-presentation features of sexual preference were sexual role-specific. The results indicate a widespread focus on appearance and exclusion on Blued, which may negatively affect the mental health of Chinese sexual minority men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University
| | - Sen Lin
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University
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Valentine JL, Miles LW, Mella Hamblin K, Worthen Gibbons A. Dating App Facilitated Sexual Assault: A Retrospective Review of Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examination Charts. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:6298-6322. [PMID: 36310506 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221130390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dating app facilitated sexual assault (DAppSA) is a concerning phenomenon with minimal published research. This retrospective study explored if DAppSAs were different than other sexual assaults (SAs) committed by acquaintances through a review of 3,413 sexual assault medical forensic examination (SAMFE) charts from 2017 to 2020 in a Mountain West state in the United States. Routine Activities Theory and Confluence Model of sexual aggression provided the theoretical framework for the study. Inclusion criteria for DAppSA cases included (1) victim was 14 years of age or older; (2) victim indicated meeting the perpetrator on a dating app; (3) SA occurred at initial in-person meeting; and (4) victim had a SAMFE with SA kit evidence collection. DAppSAs (n = 274) represented 8.02% of overall cases and 13.92% of acquaintance SAs (n = 1,968). DAppSA victims had unique characteristics including a higher percentage of male victims (7.5%), college students (22.2%), and victims with self-reported mental illness (MI) (59.6%). Victims were less likely to fight back during the assault with lower percentages of kicking (5.8%) and hitting (9%). DAppSA victims and perpetrators were less likely to use drugs or alcohol before or during the assault. DAppSAs were found to be more violent SAs with increased strangulation (32.4%); assaultive/penetrative acts; and victim injuries, especially anogenital and breast injuries. Unique and troubling differences were found in DAppSA cases than other SAs committed by acquaintances. Due to the increased violent nature of DAppSAs, the researchers propose that sexual predators use dating apps as hunting grounds for vulnerable victims. Recommendations to address dating app safety concerns, influence dating app usage policies, and improve care to survivors are discussed through systems-based and trauma-informed approaches.
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Chinbunchorn T, Thaneerat N, Howell S, Sowaprux T, Phiphatkunarnon P, Lujintanon S, Kaewpoowat Q, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Ramautarsing RA. Assessment of U=U understanding, PrEP awareness, HIV risk behaviours and factors associated with low HIV knowledge among users of Hornet, an online dating application for LGBTQ, in Thailand. Sex Transm Infect 2023; 99:21-29. [PMID: 35260436 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2021-055300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 50% of HIV infections in Thailand annually occur among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women who use online applications to meet their sexual partners. We conducted a cross-sectional study assessing undetectable=untransmittable (U=U) understanding, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness, sexual behaviours and factors associated with HIV knowledge among users of Hornet in Thailand. METHODS From November 2019 to January 2020, a survey was conducted using convenience sampling on Hornet in Thailand. HIV literacy was assessed via 22 questions, and multivariable linear regression was performed. RESULTS 960 responses were assessed; median age was 34 years, the majority were MSM (80.4%), Thai (83.8%), had at least bachelor's degree (74.9%). Regarding the risk profiles, 39.1% reported inconsistent condom use, 15.0% used amphetamine-type stimulants, 56.9% had not taken PrEP in the last six months and 20.5% never had an HIV test. Only 22.8% thought that U=U was completely accurate. Lower HIV knowledge was associated with being from Africa (β -8.13, 95% CI -14.39 to -1.87), age of 25 years or younger (β -2.6, 95% CI -4.37 to -0.82), education less than bachelor's degree (β -2.58, 95% CI -3.98 to -1.19), having more than one sexual partners (β -2.41, 95% CI -4.13 to -0.69), paying three or more people to have intercourse (β -2.5, 95% CI -4.26 to -0.74), not knowing one's HIV status (β -3.56, 95% CI -5.45 to -1.68) and not answering about previous PrEP use (β -4.11, 95% CI -7.86 to -0.36). Higher HIV knowledge was associated with being from Europe (β 2.54, 95% CI 0.46 to 4.61), the Americas (β 3.37, 95% CI 0.44 to 6.30) and previous PrEP use (β 2.37, 95% CI 0.94 to 3.81). CONCLUSION Among Hornet users in Thailand, the U=U message was unclear, and PrEP use was suboptimal. Large HIV knowledge gaps and high-risk behaviours were concerning. Educational campaigns in online spaces are needed to promote awareness and HIV prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanat Chinbunchorn
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI), Bangkok, Thailand .,Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natapong Thaneerat
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI), Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Sita Lujintanon
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Quanhathai Kaewpoowat
- Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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13
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Lim CC, Anderson RC. Effect of Sexual Racism on Partner Desirability in Gay Asian Men. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:329-346. [PMID: 34280080 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1948772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sexual racism-including or excluding racial minority members in partner selection based on race-negatively affects Asian men who have sex with men (MSM) across various domains. The current study aims to investigate the effect of potential partners' racial preferences on desirability in Asian MSM. The relationship between sexual racism awareness and partner desirability when evaluating white partners with racial preferences was also investigated. A sample of Asian MSM (N = 128) responded to hypothetical online dating scenarios in which the racial background (Asian/white) and racial preference (none/Asian/white) of facial stimuli were manipulated. A two-way ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analyses confirmed that, as hypothesized, among potential white partners, those that exhibited no racial preferences were most desirable, F(1.66, 210.54) = .11.37, p < .001, ηp2 = .08. Among potential Asian partners, those that preferred white men were least desirable, F(1.82, 231.60) = 81.95, p < .001, ηp2 = .39. Unexpectedly, there was no relationship evident between sexual racism awareness and desirability for potential white partners (in any racial preference condition; all rs < .20). Our findings suggest that overt expression of certain racial preferences can negatively affect desirability in online dating applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Lim
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan C Anderson
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Filice E. Shades of digital deception: Self-presentation among men seeking men on locative dating apps. CONVERGENCE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 28:1598-1620. [PMID: 36345504 PMCID: PMC9634332 DOI: 10.1177/13548565221102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, location-based real-time dating apps like Grindr and Tinder have assumed an increasingly pivotal role in brokering socio-sexual relations between men seeking men and have proven to be fertile ground for the study of identity negotiation and impression management. However, current research has given insufficient consideration to how various contextual elements of technology use interact with one another to shape self-presentation behaviour. Through analysis of interview data, we found impression construction on these apps reflects tensions between authentic depiction of the self-concept and self-enhancement via deception. Whether and the extent to which one engages in deception depends on how a number of technological affordances, platform-specific community norms and userbase characteristics interact with each other. Self-presentational choices were a result of a combination of deception facilitators, for example, belief in the normalcy of lying, and constraining determinants, for example, the expectation of brokering physical connection. Impression construction determinants also interact in ways where the influence of any one element is dependent on others. This was most plainly evidenced in the interactions between stigma management concerns, the affordances of audience visibility/control and locatability and common ground reinforcing social hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Filice
- Eric Filice, School of Public Health and
Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L
3G1, Canada.
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15
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Wongsomboon V, Sietins E, Webster GD. Predictors of Face and Body Visibility in Online Dating Applications Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2022; 69:2305-2325. [PMID: 34110271 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1938469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the factors relating to face and body visibility in young men who have sex with men (YMSM) from online dating applications. Research on visual self-presentation in online dating applications, especially in YMSM, remains scarce. The sample consisted of 339 young men (ages 18-24 years) who had casual sex with one or more male partners from online dating applications. Participants completed an online survey asking how visible their face and body were on their profile pictures. For body visibility, participants rated the visibility of their upper and lower body separately. We also computed difference scores between face and body visibility to measure face visibility in relation to body visibility (e.g., showing more-visible face compared to body). Predictors included self-rated attractiveness, fear of being identified on the applications, and motives for application use. Participant age and duration of application use were statistically controlled in all analyses. Results showed that higher perceived attractiveness related to higher upper- and lower-body visibility on profile pictures. Greater fear of being identified related to lower face visibility and less-visible face relative to upper- and lower-body visibility. Having a relationship motive was associated with higher face visibility. Older age and longer duration of application use were associated with more-visible face relative to lower body. The findings contribute to the literature on visual self-presentation in online dating applications in young and vulnerable sexual minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Val Wongsomboon
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Emils Sietins
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory D Webster
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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16
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Xu Y, Zheng L. Relationships between use of geosocial mobile dating application “the L″ and self-objectification among Chinese female sexual minorities. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Konings F, Sumter SR, Vranken I, Dredge R, Vandenbosch L. Behind the Screens: A Systematic Literature Review of Quantitative Research on Mobile Dating. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:2969-3020. [PMID: 35790613 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mobile dating applications (MDAs) have become commonly used tools to seek out dating and sexual partners online. The current review aimed to systematically synthesize empirical findings in 72 quantitative studies on mobile dating, published in ISI-ranked journals between 2014 and 2020. This review focused on summarizing different approaches toward mobile dating, identity features of quantitative research on mobile dating, and hypothesized antecedents and outcomes of mobile dating. Our findings showed, first, that the literature diverges in how mobile dating is operationalized. Second, quantitative research on mobile dating predominantly consists of cross-sectional studies that draw on theoretical insights from multiple disciplines. Third, a variety of traits and sociodemographics were associated with MDA use. In particular, using MDAs for (1) relational goals related to being male, non-heterosexual, higher levels of sociosexuality, sensation seeking, extraversion, and holding more positive peer norms about using MDAs for relational goals; (2) intrapersonal goals related to being female and having more socially impairing traits; and (3) entertainment goals related to having higher levels of sociosexuality, sensation seeking, and antisocial traits. Outcomes significantly associated with general use of MDAs were scoring higher on sexual permissiveness and on engaging in casual (unprotected) sexual intercourse, as well as having higher risk at nonconsensual sex. MDA use was also connected with increased psychological distress and body dissatisfaction. Shortcomings of the existing research approaches and measures are discussed and six methodological and theoretical recommendations for future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Konings
- School for Mass Communication Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 45, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sindy R Sumter
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Vranken
- School for Mass Communication Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 45, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Dredge
- School for Mass Communication Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 45, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Vandenbosch
- School for Mass Communication Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 45, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Wade RM, Pear MM. A Good App Is Hard to Find: Examining Differences in Racialized Sexual Discrimination across Online Intimate Partner-Seeking Venues. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148727. [PMID: 35886579 PMCID: PMC9316549 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Young sexual minority Black men (YSMBM) report widespread instances of Racialized Sexual Discrimination (RSD) when seeking intimate partners online. RSD is associated with negative psychological health outcomes; however, little is known about the differences between virtual environments, and whether users are exposed to differential types/frequencies of RSD across different virtual environments. Using data from a cross-sectional web survey of YSMBM (N = 548), a multivariate Kruskal–Wallis test was conducted comparing those who primarily used Jack’d and those who primarily used Grindr to meet intimate partners; the frequency with which these two groups encountered six RSD domains was compared. Men who primarily used Grindr reported more frequent instances of White superiority and rejection from White men compared with men who primarily used Jack’d. Men who primarily used Jack’d reported more frequent instances of physical objectification from Black men compared with men who primarily used Grindr. RSD may manifest differentially based on the specific venue that YSMBM use. Such differences may reflect the sociodemographic makeup of these spaces, as well as differences in acceptability/normalization of different forms of RSD. These findings have implications for the development of anti-RSD initiatives that target the specific sociocultural norms that are unique to different virtual environments.
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19
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Forbes TD, Stacey L. Personal Preferences, Discursive Strategies, and the Maintenance of Inequality on Gay Dating Apps. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:2385-2397. [PMID: 35471676 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scholars have noted how online dating technologies are one important arena in which racism, classism, heteronormativity, and other systems of domination are reproduced. This often materializes via a "personal preference" discourse-a framing of desire as unique, individual, and untethered from systems of domination. Yet underexplored is how such a discourse, which fosters prejudice in preferences, is framed as socially acceptable. This paper draws on a content analysis of 858 unique profile screenshots and in-depth interview data of 26 users of Grindr, Scruff, and Jack'd to examine how users voice their "personal preferences." The content analysis results indicated that 24 percent of profiles listed a preference, and that most were framed in "positive" or polite ways (e.g., "I'm into…"). Analysis of interview data demonstrated that respondents engaged in what we call blatant exclusion and positive reframing in their interactions with other users to voice their "personal preferences." Users who did not state preferences still allowed their preferences to infuse their experiences on the app. We document how users negotiated racist, classist, and heteronormative preferences and, to an extent, how these users are understanding others' preferences. This study has implications for understanding the logic behind "personal preference" discourse and why it remains socially acceptable even as other systems of domination do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- TehQuin D Forbes
- Honors Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Lawrence Stacey
- Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Gazibara T, Cakic M, Cakic J, Grgurevic A, Pekmezovic T. Familiarity with the internet and health apps, and specific topic needs are amongst the factors that influence how online health information is used for health decisions amongst adolescents. Health Info Libr J 2022. [PMID: 35652454 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many adolescents believe that online health information is reliable, particularly when they are familiar with the source of information. OBJECTIVE To analyse the degree of influence of online health information on high school students' health decisions and examine whether socio-demographic characteristics, digital literacy, use of different websites and interest in specific health topics are associated with a stronger influence of online health information on adolescents' health-related decisions. METHODS Participants were students from four public high schools in Belgrade, Serbia. Socio-demographic and behavioural questionnaire as well as the e-health literacy scale (eHEALS) were used to collect data. RESULTS The study sample comprised 702 students. A total of 79.6% of students reported that online health information influenced their health decisions to a certain extent (from 'a little' to 'a lot'). Being a boy, using the internet since younger age, better self-perceived e-health literacy, using health apps, Google, health forums, websites of health institutions, social media and YouTube, being interested in diet/nutrition, sexually transmitted infections and cigarettes were the characteristics associated with a stronger influence of online health information on students' health decisions. CONCLUSION This study provides clues about how online health-related information can be used to adjust and enhance health promotion amongst adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Cakic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Cakic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anita Grgurevic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Pekmezovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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Hecht J, Zlotorzynska M, Sanchez TH, Wohlfeiler D. Gay Dating App Users Support and Utilize Sexual Health Features on Apps. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:2081-2090. [PMID: 35018547 PMCID: PMC9046136 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) frequently meet sex partners through dating apps. Research has demonstrated an association between app use and greater number of sex partners and STIs, but dating apps also pose an opportunity for intervention. By advocating for sexual health features on dating apps, Building Healthy Online Communities (BHOC) aims to increase communication about sexual health among app users. In partnership with Emory University, BHOC added questions to an annual survey of MSM. The questions assessed awareness and uptake of profile fields and sexual health features on the dating apps. Among survey participants, 67% (6737/10,129) reported using dating apps to meet a partner in the past year. Among this group, 77% (4993/6525) reported awareness of sexual health features. 61% of app users (2866/4721) who were aware of them reported using one or more sexual health features. BHOC continues to advocate for increased uptake of these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hecht
- Building Healthy Online Communities, Springboard HealthLab, 5601 Van Fleet Ave, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA.
| | - Maria Zlotorzynska
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Travis H Sanchez
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dan Wohlfeiler
- Building Healthy Online Communities, Springboard HealthLab, 5601 Van Fleet Ave, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA
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22
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Galvan FH, Liu H, Brooks RA, Chen YT, Mendoza Lepe R. Using social and sexual networking mobile applications to promote HIV testing, medical care and prevention services among Latino men who have sex with men in Los Angeles County, California, USA. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268406. [PMID: 35560041 PMCID: PMC9106153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV disproportionately affects Latinos versus Whites, with Latinos having higher rates of HIV. Additionally, many HIV-positive Latinos are unaware of their infection. Proyecto Protégete, an HIV prevention intervention developed for Latino men who have sex with men (MSM), used social and sexual networking mobile applications (apps) to recruit individuals for HIV testing and linkage to medical care and prevention services. This study occurred in Los Angeles County, California, USA from December 18, 2015 to April 22, 2017. The study’s primary aim was to assess Proyecto Protégete‘s ability to successfully recruit Latino MSM involved in high-risk sexual activities. A secondary aim was to evaluate its capacity to promote HIV testing and linkage to HIV medical care and prevention services among this population by comparing it to two programs with similar samples. Comparisons using Fisher’s Exact Test were conducted between Proyecto Protégete and the HIV testing program of the agency in which Proyecto Protégete was located and the County-funded HIV testing programs to compare the samples’ rates of HIV-positive Latino MSM identified through HIV testing and linked to HIV medical care and prevention services. Participants were recruited through seven apps. In Proyecto Protégete, 9,573 individuals completed the screener, 4,657 were eligible, and 359 (7.7% of those eligible) enrolled. Among those enrolled, 79% reported anal sex without a condom in the previous twelve months; 51% reported anal sex under the influence of alcohol. The HIV positivity rates were as follows: Proyecto Protégete, 1.71%; the agency, 1.25% (p = .293, compared to Proyecto Protégete); and the County, 1.09% (p = .172, compared to Proyecto Protégete). The rates of those confirmed as new HIV-positives and linked to medical care within 30 days were as follows: Proyecto Protégete, 71.4%; the agency, 81.5% (p = .450, compared to Proyecto Protégete); and the County, 77.3% (p = .503, compared to Proyecto Protégete). Proyecto Protégete had a higher rate of linked referrals to prevention services than the agency’s testing program (19.5% versus 8.3%, p < .001). Proyecto Protégete experienced successes in some areas but not in others. Future research should build on Proyecto Protégete’s experiences to promote HIV-related services among Latino MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H. Galvan
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Inc., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Honghu Liu
- Division of Public Health & Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ronald A. Brooks
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Inc., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ying-Tung Chen
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Inc., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ricardo Mendoza Lepe
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Inc., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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23
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Witkovic YD, Kim HC, Bright DJ, Tan JY. Recruiting Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Couples via Dating Apps: Pilot Study on Challenges and Successes. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e31901. [PMID: 35394432 PMCID: PMC9034429 DOI: 10.2196/31901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HIV disproportionately impacts Black men who have sex with men (MSM), and targeting the primary relationship (ie, couples) using mobile technology for health holds promise for HIV prevention. Web-based recruitment of MSM is commonly employed in HIV prevention and intervention research. However, little known about recruiting Black MSM couples on the internet in the United States. Objective This study describes the process of recruiting Black MSM couples over social networking and dating apps frequented by MSM. We describe the activities for recruiting, screening, and enrolling participants as part of a randomized trial employing a multipronged recruitment approach. Methods Black MSM in couples were recruited via three apps (ie, Jack’d, Adam4Adam, and Growlr) between May 2020 and March 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Black MSM couples were eligible if one or both partners are Black, MSM, and living with HIV, and if both partners were 18 years or older, and have been together for at least 2 months in what they both consider a primary relationship (ie, one in which both partners reported feeling most committed to over any other partner or relationship). Results A total of 10 Black MSM couples (n=20) were enrolled via social networking apps. App recruitment activities were a combination of passive (eg, in-app advertisements) and active (eg, direct messaging of users) engagement. Recruitment approaches varied by the social networking app owing to differences in app features. A full-time recruiter experienced challenges such as bugs (ie, technical errors in computer program or system), navigating technical requirements specific to each app, and web-based harassment. Conclusions Despite challenges, it was possible to recruit Black MSM couples virtually into research as part of a multipronged recruitment strategy. We identify tips for using web-based dating and other social networking apps as part of a recruitment strategy in future research with Black MSM couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Darin Witkovic
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Hyunjin Cindy Kim
- Division of Prevention Science, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Darius Jovon Bright
- Division of Prevention Science, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Judy Y Tan
- Division of Prevention Science, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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24
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Choi SK, Bauermeister J. A Latent Profile Analysis of Online Dating Patterns Among Single Young Men Who Have Sex with Men. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:1279-1288. [PMID: 34609630 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increased use of geosocial networking applications for finding sexual partners among young men who have sex with men (YMSM), few studies have examined the intricate patterns of online dating behaviors. In order to advance understanding of online dating patterns among YMSM, various factors, including how frequently and how much time is spent within partner-seeking sites, need to be examined concurrently. Therefore, we used latent profile analysis to identify online dating patterns and logistic regressions to examine their associations with sexual behaviors and relationship characteristics among single YMSM (N = 180; ages 18-24). We found three online dating patterns: discouraged users (N = 93, 52%), date seekers (N = 67, 37%), and instant lovers (N = 20, 11%). Discouraged users were less likely to seek sexual sensational activities, while date seekers were more likely to seek sexual sensational activities. Moreover, instant lovers were less likely to pursue committed romantic relationships, while they reported a higher number of condomless anal intercourse. Given that online dating patterns are not homogeneous, HIV prevention interventions may benefit from tailored approaches based on YMSM's different online dating profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ki Choi
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, 2L, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - José Bauermeister
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, 2L, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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25
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Fan S, Li P, Hu Y, Gong H, Yu M, Ding Y, Luo Z, Wu G, Ouyang L, Zou H. Geosocial Networking Smartphone App Use and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Attending University in China: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e31033. [PMID: 35343911 PMCID: PMC9002592 DOI: 10.2196/31033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gay apps are smartphone-based geosocial networking apps where many men who have sex with men (MSM) socialize and seek sex partners. Existing studies showed that gay app use is associated with greater odds of high-risk sexual behaviors and potentially more HIV infections. However, little is known about this behavior among young MSM. OBJECTIVE We conducted this study to understand gay app use and its influencing factors among MSM attending university in China. METHODS From January to March 2019, participants were recruited from 4 regions with large populations of college students in China: Chongqing, Guangdong, Shandong, and Tianjin. The eligibility criteria were MSM aged 16 years or older, self-identified as a university student, and being HIV negative. A self-administered online structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic information, sexual behaviors, gay app use, substance use, and HIV testing history. We performed multivariable log-binomial regression to assess correlates of seeking sex partners via gay apps. RESULTS A total of 447 MSM attending university with an average age of 20.4 (SD 1.5) years were recruited. Almost all participants (439/447, 98.2%) reported gay app use at some point in their life, and 240/439 (53.7%) reported ever seeking sex partners via gay apps. Blued (428/439, 97.5%) was the most popular gay app. Higher proportions of sexual risk behaviors (including seeking sex partners via apps [P<.001], engaging in group sex [P<.001], having multiple sex partners [P<.001], unawareness of sex partners' HIV status [P<.001], and using recreational drugs during sex [P<.02]) were positively associated with the increase in the frequency of gay app use. In multivariable analysis, participants who used gay apps to seek sex partners might be more likely to have multiple sex partners in the past 3 months (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] 1.53, 95% CI 1.33-1.76; P<.001), engage in group sex in the past 3 months (APR 1.55, 95% CI 1.35-1.78; P<.001), and have sex partners with unknown or positive HIV status (APR 1.72, 95% CI 1.46-2.01; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Seeking sex partners via gay apps may associate with the increased high-risk sexual behaviors among MSM attending university. The causality between seeking sex partners via gay apps and increased high-risk sexual behaviors should be further investigated so as to inform potential policies for HIV prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900020645; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=34741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Fan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyang Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Maohe Yu
- Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenzhou Luo
- Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guohui Wu
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Ouyang
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Cope AB, Bernstein KT, Matthias J, Rahman M, Diesel JC, Pugsley RA, Schillinger JA, Chew Ng RA, Klingler EJ, Mobley VL, Samoff E, Peterman TA. Effectiveness of Syphilis Partner Notification After Adjusting for Treatment Dates, 7 Jurisdictions. Sex Transm Dis 2022; 49:160-165. [PMID: 34310526 PMCID: PMC9380961 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease intervention specialists (DIS) prevent syphilis by ensuring treatment for patients' sex partners through partner notification (PN). Different interpretations of how to measure partners treated due to DIS efforts complicates PN evaluation. We measured PN impact by counting partners treated for syphilis after DIS interviewed the patient. METHODS We reviewed data from early syphilis cases reported during the 2015-2017 period in 7 jurisdictions. We compared infected partners brought to treatment using the following: (1) DIS-assigned disposition codes or (2) all infected partners treated 0 to 90 days after the patient's interview (adjusted treatment estimate). Stratified analyses assessed patient characteristics associated with the adjusted treatment estimate. RESULTS Disease intervention specialists interviewed 23,613 patients who reported 20,890 partners with locating information. Many of the 3569 (17.1%) partners classified by DIS as brought to treatment were treated before the patient was interviewed. There were 2359 (11.3%) partners treated 0 to 90 days after the patient's interview. Treatment estimates were more consistent between programs when measured using our adjusted estimates (range, 6.1%-14.8% per patient interviewed) compared with DIS-assigned disposition (range, 6.1%-28.3%). Treatment for ≥1 partner occurred after 9.0% of interviews and was more likely if the patient was a woman (17.9%), younger than 25 years (12.6%), interviewed ≤7 days from diagnosis (13.9%), HIV negative (12.6%), or had no reported history of syphilis (9.8%). CONCLUSIONS Counting infected partners treated 0 to 90 days after interview reduced variability in reporting and facilitates quality assurance. Identifying programs and DIS who are particularly good at finding and treating partners could improve program impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barry Cope
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC
| | | | - James Matthias
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Mohammad Rahman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- Louisiana Department of Health, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jill C. Diesel
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
| | - River A. Pugsley
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, VA
| | - Julia A. Schillinger
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, NY
| | - Rilene A. Chew Ng
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ellen J. Klingler
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, NY
| | | | - Erika Samoff
- North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC
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Bartels S, Castillo I, Davis DA, Hightow-Weidman LB, Muessig KE, Galindo C, Barrington C. PrEP Disclosure Experiences of Gay and Bisexual Men in Guatemala. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:4115-4124. [PMID: 33966139 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV transmission among gay and bisexual men (GBM). However, stigma can inhibit disclosure of PrEP use, which may limit uptake. This study's purpose was to explore PrEP disclosure experiences and how disclosure is associated with PrEP adherence among GBM at a sexual health clinic in Guatemala City. We conducted in-depth interviews with PrEP users (n = 18) and used an iterative content analysis approach. All participants had or planned to disclose their PrEP use to at least one person, most commonly friends and sex partners, though many were selective about who they told. Main reasons for disclosure were to educate others, gain social support, and clarify their HIV status. Concerns about stigma and emotional discomfort deterred disclosure. Disclosure facilitated PrEP access and adherence by enhancing emotional and instrumental support. Interventions providing opportunities for GBM to practice disclosure, including addressing others' misconceptions, could promote PrEP uptake and adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Bartels
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Ingrid Castillo
- CAS Guatemala, Colectivo Amigos Contra el SIDA, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Dirk A Davis
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Lisa B Hightow-Weidman
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kathryn E Muessig
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Cesar Galindo
- CAS Guatemala, Colectivo Amigos Contra el SIDA, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Clare Barrington
- Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA
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Hovaguimian F, Martin E, Reinacher M, Rasi M, Schmidt AJ, Bernasconi E, El Amari EB, Braun DL, Calmy A, Darling K, Christinet V, Depmeier C, Hauser C, Läuchli S, Notter J, Stoeckle M, Surial B, Vernazza P, Bruggmann P, Tarr P, Haerry D, Bize R, Low N, Lehner A, Böni J, Kouyos RD, Fehr JS, Hampel B. Participation, retention and uptake in a multicentre pre-exposure prophylaxis cohort using online, smartphone-compatible data collection. HIV Med 2021; 23:146-158. [PMID: 34605153 PMCID: PMC9292805 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a national pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programme using smartphone‐compatible data collection. Methods This was a multicentre cohort study (NCT03893188) enrolling individuals interested in PrEP in Switzerland. All centres participate in the SwissPrEPared programme, which uses smartphone‐compatible data collection. Feasibility was assessed after centres had enrolled at least one participant. Participants were HIV‐negative individuals presenting for PrEP counselling. Outcomes were participation (number enrolled/number eligible), enrolment rates (number enrolled per month), retention at first follow‐up (number with first follow‐up/number enrolled), and uptake (proportion attending first visit as scheduled). Participant characteristics were compared between those retained after baseline assessment and those who dropped out. Results Between April 2019 and January 2020, 987 individuals were assessed for eligibility, of whom 969 were enrolled (participation: 98.2%). The median enrolment rate was 86 per month [interquartile range (IQR) 52–137]. Retention at first follow‐up and uptake were both 80.7% (782/969 and 532/659, respectively). At enrolment, the median age was 40 (IQR 33–47) years, 95% were men who have sex with men, 47% had a university degree, and 75.5% were already taking PrEP. Most reported multiple casual partners (89.2%), previous sexually transmitted infections (74%) and sexualized drug use (73.1%). At baseline, 25.5% tested positive for either syphilis, gonorrhoea or chlamydia. Participants who dropped out were at lower risk of HIV infection than those retained after baseline assessment. Conclusions In a national PrEP programme using smartphone‐compatible data collection, participation, retention and uptake were high. Participants retained after baseline assessment were at considerable risk of HIV infection. Younger, less educated individuals were underrepresented in the SwissPrEPared cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hovaguimian
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Martin
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Reinacher
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Rasi
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A J Schmidt
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Sigma Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - E Bernasconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - E B El Amari
- Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine Private Practice, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D L Braun
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Calmy
- Laboratory of Virology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Darling
- Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - C Depmeier
- Private practice Kalkbreite, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Hauser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Läuchli
- Dermatologic Centre Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Notter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - M Stoeckle
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - B Surial
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Vernazza
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - P Bruggmann
- Arud Centre for Addiction Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Tarr
- Kantonsspital Baselland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Haerry
- Positive Council, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Bize
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Low
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Lehner
- Swiss AIDS Federation, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Böni
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R D Kouyos
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J S Fehr
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Hampel
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Checkpoint Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Jozsa K, Kraus A, Korpak AK, Birnholtz J, Moskowitz DA, Macapagal K. "Safe Behind My Screen": Adolescent Sexual Minority Males' Perceptions of Safety and Trustworthiness on Geosocial and Social Networking Apps. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2021; 50:2965-2980. [PMID: 34581948 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dating and social media application ("app") use for sexual and romantic partner-seeking is increasingly ubiquitous among adolescent sexual minorities assigned male at birth (ASMM). Previous work suggests that ASMM use the Internet, including apps, for normative aspects of sexual identity exploration and development. However, there may be risks associated with their use of sexualized apps designed for adults and with sexual interaction with adult app users. Little is known about how they assess and mitigate risk or gauge the trustworthiness of potential partners on such apps. We recruited ASMM in the U.S. (N = 268; ages 15-18 years, mean age = 16.9) to complete an online survey with open- and closed-ended questions about their perceptions of safety and trustworthiness of others while using apps to find partners. Participants perceived various risks on apps (e.g., physical harm, being "catfished") but did not appear to have clear strategies for measuring or mitigating it. They often assessed trustworthiness by observing other users' behavior or profiles. Participants frequently described interacting with older app users as risky or untrustworthy. Sexual health risks were seldom mentioned and the legal risks of sexual interaction with adults were never mentioned. Although app use may meet some of ASMM's sexual development needs, they may lack the knowledge and skills to do so safely in sexualized online adult spaces. These findings suggest that sex education for sexual minority adolescents should address online sexual safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Jozsa
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashley Kraus
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aaron K Korpak
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy Birnholtz
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Communication Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David A Moskowitz
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathryn Macapagal
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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30
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Hermosa-Bosano C, Hidalgo-Andrade P, Paz C. Geosocial Networking Apps Use Among Sexual Minority Men in Ecuador: An Exploratory Study. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2021; 50:2995-3009. [PMID: 34117560 PMCID: PMC8563596 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-01921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Geosocial networking applications (GSN apps) have become important socialization contexts for sexual minority men (SMM). Despite their popularity, there is limited research carried out in Latin American countries and no single previous study done in Ecuador. To fill this gap, this exploratory study described and analyzed the relationships between the sociodemographic characteristics of SMM using GSN apps, their sought and fulfilled expectations, profile shared and sought characteristics, and the evaluation of their experiences as users including their perceptions of support, and discrimination. We used an online recruited sample of 303 participants enrolled between November 2019 and January 2020. Most respondents used Grindr and reported spending up to 3 h per day using apps. Most common sought expectations were getting distracted, meeting new friends, and meeting people for sexual encounters. The least met expectation was meeting someone to build a romantic relationship with. When asked about their profiles, participants reported sharing mainly their age, photographs, and sexual role. Participants also prioritized these characteristics when looking at others' profiles. When asked about their experiences, most reported having been discriminated against, weight being the main reason for it. Some participants also indicated having received emotional support from other users. Correlation analyses indicated significant but weak relationships among the variables. Results indicated a positive correlation between time as an active GSN app user and higher experiences of discrimination. Likewise, higher number of used apps related positively with levels of received support. These results provide information that could inform future research in the country and the region regarding GSN apps use among SMM, socialization practices, and modern dating tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hermosa-Bosano
- School of Psychology, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Redondel del Ciclista, Antigua Vía a Nayón, Campus UDLAPark, 170124, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Paula Hidalgo-Andrade
- School of Psychology, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Redondel del Ciclista, Antigua Vía a Nayón, Campus UDLAPark, 170124, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Clara Paz
- School of Psychology, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Redondel del Ciclista, Antigua Vía a Nayón, Campus UDLAPark, 170124, Quito, Ecuador
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31
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Chen L, Chen W, Jiang T, Ni Z, Ma Q, Pan X. The Characteristics and Risk Factors of Web-Based Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Eastern China: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e25360. [PMID: 34473066 PMCID: PMC8446844 DOI: 10.2196/25360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Finding casual sex partners on the internet has been considered a huge challenge for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Objective This study aimed to identify the characteristics and risk factors of finding causal sex partners on the internet among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were enrolled by 4 community-based organizations (CBOs) and 10 Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) clinics through advertisements in bathrooms, bars, and gay hook-up apps from June to December 2018. A CBO- or physician-assisted survey was conducted to collected information on finding casual sex partners, perceived HIV infection, and HIV risk behaviors. Results Among 767 participants, 310 (40.4%) reported finding causal sex partners on the internet. Factors associated with finding casual sex partners on the internet included watching pornographic videos on the internet more than once a week (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.881, 95% CI 1.201-2.948), discussing “hooking-up online” with friends (aOR=4.018, 95% CI 2.910-5.548), and perceiving that the likelihood of HIV infection among casual sex partners sought on the internet was “medium” (aOR=2.034, 95% CI 1.441-2.873) or “low” (aOR=2.548, 95% CI 1.524-4.259). Among the participants who reported finding casual sex partners on the internet, 30.2% (91/310) reported having unprotected sex with casual sex partners encountered on the internet in the past 6 months. On multivariate logistic regression analyses, knowing the HIV infection status of casual sex partners sought on the internet was significantly associated with performing inserted intercourse (aOR=1.907, 95% CI 1.100-3.306) and a decreased risk of inconsistent condom use (aOR=0.327, 95% CI 0.167-0.642). Conclusions Web-based casual sexual behavior is becoming more prevalent, and the rate of unprotected sex among MSM in Zhejiang Province is high. Future HIV prevention approaches should emphasize the importance for MSM to proactively determine the HIV infection status of potential casual sex partners sought on the internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhikan Ni
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqin Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I, Reno H, Zenilman JM, Bolan GA. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep 2021; 70:1-187. [PMID: 34292926 PMCID: PMC8344968 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 750] [Impact Index Per Article: 250.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
These guidelines for the treatment of persons who have or are at risk for
sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were updated by CDC after consultation
with professionals knowledgeable in the field of STIs who met in Atlanta,
Georgia, June 11–14, 2019. The information in this report updates the
2015 guidelines. These guidelines discuss 1) updated recommendations for
treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis,
and Trichomonas vaginalis; 2) addition of
metronidazole to the recommended treatment regimen for pelvic inflammatory
disease; 3) alternative treatment options for bacterial vaginosis; 4) management
of Mycoplasma genitalium; 5) human papillomavirus vaccine
recommendations and counseling messages; 6) expanded risk factors for syphilis
testing among pregnant women; 7) one-time testing for hepatitis C infection; 8)
evaluation of men who have sex with men after sexual assault; and 9) two-step
testing for serologic diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus. Physicians and
other health care providers can use these guidelines to assist in prevention and
treatment of STIs.
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33
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Wade RM, Harper GW. Racialized Sexual Discrimination (RSD) in Online Sexual Networking: Moving from Discourse to Measurement. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2021; 58:795-807. [PMID: 32877277 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2020.1808945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Young Black gay/bisexual men (YBGBM) are at disproportionate risk for poor health outcomes due to multilevel stressors, such as community- and individual-level discrimination. Racialized Sexual Discrimination (RSD) is an under-examined type of discrimination experienced by gay/bisexual men of color when seeking partners online. RSD may be a driving force behind sexual network restriction (which elevates YBGBM's risk for HIV infection) and may have an adverse impact on YBGBM's psychological wellbeing. Thus, adequate measurement of this phenomenon is essential. Focus groups with young gay/bisexual men of color were conducted to generate survey content that captured RSD experiences; the resultant information was used to develop an RSD scale. The scale, along with other sociodemographic measures, was administered to a sample of 634 YBGBM. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the scale. Results revealed an 8-factor structure: 1-White superiority; 2-White inferiority; 3-White rejection; 4-same-race rejection; 5-White physical objectification; 6-same-race physical objectification); 7-degradation; and 8-role assumptions. The scale was psychometrically sound and demonstrated good reliability, providing preliminary support for the scale's utility in social science research. Future research should further refine the scale and examine the association between RSD and sexual/mental health outcomes among YBGBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Wade
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Social Work
| | - Gary W Harper
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health
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34
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Patterns of Online and Offline Partnering, Partnership Characteristics, and Condomless Sex Among Adolescent Sexual Minority Males in the USA. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:2033-2045. [PMID: 33385277 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-03133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Online partner-seeking among adolescent sexual minority males (ASMM) has been associated with condomless anal sex. Two hypotheses may explain this association: that online venues facilitate HIV transmission risk behavior more than offline venues (accentuation), or that individuals who tend to engage in these behaviors are more likely to seek partners online (self-selection). We examined these hypotheses in 700 13-18 year-old ASMM who completed the baseline survey of an effectiveness trial of an HIV prevention program in 2018-2020. The survey assessed demographic, sexual, and venue characteristics of male anal sex partnerships in the past 3 months. Many participants (83%) reported ≥ 1 online-met partner; most were met via sexual networking applications and were older than offline-met partners. Having met partners online, but not whether a particular partner was met online, was associated with greater odds of receptive condomless sex. Findings support the self-selection hypothesis, which has implications for HIV prevention in ASMM.
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Skaathun B, Ragonnet-Cronin M, Poortinga K, Sheng Z, Hu YW, Wertheim JO. Interplay Between Geography and HIV Transmission Clusters in Los Angeles County. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab211. [PMID: 34159215 PMCID: PMC8212943 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clusters of HIV diagnoses in time and space and clusters of genetically linked cases can both serve as alerts for directing prevention and treatment activities. We assessed the interplay between geography and transmission across the Los Angeles County (LAC) HIV genetic transmission network. METHODS Deidentified surveillance data reported for 8186 people with HIV residing in LAC from 2010 through 2016 were used to construct a transmission network using HIV-TRACE. We explored geographic assortativity, the tendency for people to link within the same geographic region; concordant time-space pairs, the proportion of genetically linked pairs from the same geographic region and diagnosis year; and Jaccard coefficient, the overlap between geographical and genetic clusters. RESULTS Geography was assortative in the genetic transmission network but less so than either race/ethnicity or transmission risk. Only 18% of individuals were diagnosed in the same year and location as a genetically linked partner. Jaccard analysis revealed that cis-men and younger age at diagnosis had more overlap between genetic clusters and geography; the inverse association was observed for trans-women and Blacks/African Americans. CONCLUSIONS Within an urban setting with endemic HIV, genetic clustering may serve as a better indicator than time-space clustering to understand HIV transmission patterns and guide public health action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Skaathun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Manon Ragonnet-Cronin
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kathleen Poortinga
- Division of HIV and STD Programs, Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County, California, USA
| | - Zhijuan Sheng
- Division of HIV and STD Programs, Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County, California, USA
| | - Yunyin W Hu
- Division of HIV and STD Programs, Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County, California, USA
| | - Joel O Wertheim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Marcantonio TL, O’Neil AM, Jozkowski KN. Sexual consent cues among sexual minority men in the United States. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2021.1936141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany L. Marcantonio
- University of Arkansas, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation
- Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction
| | | | - Kristen N. Jozkowski
- Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction
- Indiana University, Department of Applied Health Sciences
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Barrada JR, Castro Á, Fernández del Río E, Ramos-Villagrasa PJ. Do young dating app users and non-users differ in mating orientations? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246350. [PMID: 33529217 PMCID: PMC7853474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, dating apps have changed the way people meet and communicate with potential romantic and/or sexual partners. There exists a stereotype considering that these apps are used only for casual sex, so those apps would not be an adequate resource to find a long-term relationship. The objective of this study was to analyze possible individual differences in the mating orientations (short-term vs. long-term) between users and non-users of dating apps. Participants were 902 single students from a mid-size Spanish university, of both sexes (63% female, and 37% male), aged between 18 and 26 years (M = 20.34, SD = 2.05), who completed a battery of online questionnaires. It was found that, whereas dating apps users had a higher short-term mating orientation than non-users (more frequent behavior, higher desire, and more positive attitude), there were no differences in the long-term orientation as a function of use/non-use. Considering this, dating apps are a resource with a strong presence of people interested on hooking-up while, simultaneously, not a bad (nor good) option for finding long-term love.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ramón Barrada
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Ángel Castro
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Elena Fernández del Río
- Faculty of Labour and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Ramos-Villagrasa
- Faculty of Labour and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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38
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Koppe U, Marcus U, Albrecht S, Jansen K, Jessen H, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Bremer V. Barriers to using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and sexual behaviour after stopping PrEP: a cross-sectional study in Germany. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:159. [PMID: 33468089 PMCID: PMC7816315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistence of individuals at risk of HIV with Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is critical for its impact on the HIV epidemic. We analysed factors associated with stopping PrEP, barriers that may deter people from continuing PrEP and investigated sexual behaviour after stopping PrEP. Methods Current and former PrEP users in Germany were recruited to complete an anonymous online survey on PrEP use and sexual behaviour. Participants were recruited through dating apps, a PrEP community website, anonymous testing sites and peers. The results were analysed using descriptive methods and logistic regression. Results We recruited 4848 current and 609 former PrEP users in two study waves (July–October 2018, April–June 2019). Former PrEP users were more likely 18–29 years old than current users (adjusted OR = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.3). Moreover, they were more often unhappy with their sex life, which was more pronounced in former daily PrEP users (aOR = 4.5, 95% CI 2.9–7.1) compared to former on-demand users (aOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9, pinteraction = 0.005). The most common reason for stopping PrEP was a reduced need for PrEP (49.1%). However, 31.4% of former users identified logistic reasons and 17.5% stopped due to side effects. Former PrEP users using PrEP < 3 months were more likely to stop PrEP due to concerns over long-term side effects (32.0% vs. 22.5%, p = 0.015) and not wanting to take a chemical substance (33.2% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.020) compared to former PrEP users who used PrEP for longer. After stopping PrEP, 18.7% of former PrEP users indicated inconsistent condom use while having ≥4 sex partners within the previous 6 months. Former PrEP users with many partners and inconsistent condom use more often indicated logistic reasons for stopping (46.5% vs. 27.9%, p < 0.001) than did other former PrEP users. Conclusions To maximise persistence with PrEP we need to develop strategies for younger PrEP users, reduce logistic barriers to access PrEP, and to develop effective communication on side-effect management. Moreover, prevention strategies for people stopping PrEP are required, since some remain at high risk for HIV. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10174-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Koppe
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Marcus
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jansen
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Viviane Bremer
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Barrada JR, Castro Á. Tinder Users: Sociodemographic, Psychological, and Psychosexual Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8047. [PMID: 33142900 PMCID: PMC7662763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tinder is the most popular and most used dating app in the world today. Due to the recent popularization of the phenomenon of dating apps, there are still some gaps in the literature. Therefore, this study had a threefold objective: (1) to determine the prevalence and characteristics of Tinder users and Tinder use among young university students; (2) to know why these young people use Tinder; and (3) to analyze the relationship between Tinder use and different psychosocial correlates (positive and negative affect, body satisfaction, sociosexuality, and attitudes towards consensual nonmonogamy) and psychosexual well-being (self-esteem as a sexual partner, satisfaction with sex life, and preoccupation with sex). Participants were 1261 Spanish university students (77.4% women, 77.5% heterosexuals) between ages 18 and 26 (M = 20.59, SD = 2.04) who completed a battery of online questionnaires. A prevalence of Tinder use of about 15% was found. The motives for use most frequently reported by the participants were those of curiosity, passing time/entertainment, and sexual orientation. Besides, Tinder users showed greater sociosexuality than nonusers, as well as increased dissatisfaction with their sex life and sexual preoccupation, and more positive attitudes towards consensual nonmonogamy. Importantly, no or very small differences were found in the general emotional well-being-related variables. Tinder seems like just another tool used by young people for their romantic and/or sexual interactions, without any negative connotation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ángel Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle Atarazanas 4, 44003 Teruel, Spain;
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Hoenigl M, Little SJ, Grelotti D, Skaathun B, Wagner GA, Weibel N, Stockman JK, Smith DM. Grindr Users Take More Risks, but Are More Open to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: Could This Dating App Provide a Platform for HIV Prevention Outreach? Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:e135-e140. [PMID: 31677383 PMCID: PMC7583417 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology has changed the way that men who have sex with men (MSM) seek sex. More than 60% of MSM in the United States use the internet and/or smartphone-based geospatial networking apps to find sex partners. We correlated use of the most popular app (Grindr) with sexual risk and prevention behavior among MSM. METHODS A nested cohort study was conducted between September 2018 and June 2019 among MSM receiving community-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening in central San Diego. During the testing encounter, participants were surveyed for demographics, substance use, risk behavior (previous 3 months), HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, and Grindr usage. Participants who tested negative for HIV and who were not on PrEP were offered immediate PrEP. RESULTS The study included 1256 MSM, 1090 of whom (86.8%) were not taking PrEP. Overall, 580 of 1256 (46%) participants indicated that they used Grindr in the previous 7 days. Grindr users reported significantly higher risk behavior (greater number of male partners and condomless sex) and were more likely to test positive for chlamydia or gonorrhea (8.6% vs 4.7% of nonusers; P = .005). Grindr users were also more likely to be on PrEP (18.7% vs 8.7% of nonusers; P < .001) and had fewer newly diagnosed HIV infections (9 vs 26 among nonusers; P = .014). Grindr users were also nearly twice as likely as nonusers to initiate PrEP (24.6% vs 14%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Given the higher risk behavior and greater acceptance of PrEP among MSM who used Grindr, Grindr may provide a useful platform to promote HIV and STI testing and increase PrEP uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hoenigl
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Susan J Little
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David Grelotti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Britt Skaathun
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gabriel A Wagner
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nadir Weibel
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jamila K Stockman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Davey M Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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41
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Wang H, Zhang J, Chu Z, Hu Q, Dong W, Huang X, Chen Y, Wang H, He X, Zhang L, Hu Z, Bao R, Li S, Li H, Cui S, Jin X, Ding H, Geng W, Jiang Y, Xu J, Shang H. Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-World, Multicenter Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e22388. [PMID: 33052132 PMCID: PMC7593863 DOI: 10.2196/22388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over half of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking (GSN) apps to encounter sex partners. GSN apps’ users have become a unique large subpopulation among MSM for interventions concerning HIV prevention and control. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising measure for HIV prevention, especially for MSM, but its effectiveness largely depends on medication adherence. However, little is known about PrEP adherence among GSN apps’ users, which is critical to addressing the overall optimization of PrEP compliance outside of clinical trials in the context of large-scale implementation. Objective The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between GSN apps’ use and medication adherence among MSM receiving PrEP, with the aim to increase their awareness about PrEP use in order to increase adherence. Methods This study based on the China Real-world Oral intake of PrEP (CROPrEP) project, a multicenter, real-world study of Chinese MSM on daily and event-driven PrEP. Eligible participants completed a detailed computer-assisted self-interview on sociodemographic, GSN apps’ use, and sexual behavior. Then participants were followed up for 12 months and assessed for various characteristics (eg, PrEP delivery, adherence assessment, PrEP coverage of sexual activities, and regimens switch). A generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the predictors of medication adherence and regimen conversion among GSN apps’ users and nonusers. Results At baseline, 756 of the 1023 eligible participants (73.90%) reported primarily using GSN apps to seek sexual partners, and GSN apps’ users are more likely to have high-risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and condomless anal intercourse than other nonusers (all P<.05). During follow-up, GSN apps’ users had a significantly low level of pill-counting adherence than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0, P=.038). In the event-driven group, GSN apps’ users had marginally lower levels of self-reported adherence (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.060) and lower PrEP coverage of sexual practices (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.038). Additionally, GSN apps’ users seemed more likely to switch from event-driven to daily regimen (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.3, P=.084). Conclusions GSN apps’ users are highly prevalent among MSM, despite their higher sexual risk and lower adherence levels, suggesting that eHealth needs to be introduced to the GSN platform to promote PrEP adherence. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IIN-17013762; https://tinyurl.com/yy2mhrv4. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12879-019-4355-y
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Chu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghai Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Willa Dong
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Lukun Zhang
- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhili Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rantong Bao
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shangcao Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sitong Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Shang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Castro Á, Barrada JR. Dating Apps and Their Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Correlates: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186500. [PMID: 32906632 PMCID: PMC7557852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and popularization of dating apps have changed the way people meet and interact with potential romantic and sexual partners. In parallel with the increased use of these applications, a remarkable scientific literature has developed. However, due to the recency of the phenomenon, some gaps in the existing research can be expected. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the empirical research of the psychosocial content published in the last five years (2016–2020) on dating apps. A search was conducted in different databases, and we identified 502 articles in our initial search. After screening titles and abstracts and examining articles in detail, 70 studies were included in the review. The most relevant data (author/s and year, sample size and characteristics, methodology) and their findings were extracted from each study and grouped into four blocks: user dating apps characteristics, usage characteristics, motives for use, and benefits and risks of use. The limitations of the literature consulted are discussed, as well as the practical implications of the results obtained, highlighting the relevance of dating apps, which have become a tool widely used by millions of people around the world.
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43
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Sullivan MC, Eaton LA. Intersecting Barriers to PrEP Awareness and Uptake in Black Men Who Have Sex with Men in Atlanta, GA: a Syndemic Perspective. Int J Behav Med 2020; 28:349-359. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Ruscher C, Werber D, Thoulass J, Zimmermann R, Eckardt M, Winter C, Sagebiel D. Dating apps and websites as tools to reach anonymous sexual contacts during an outbreak of hepatitis A among men who have sex with men, Berlin, 2017. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24. [PMID: 31138363 PMCID: PMC6540642 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2019.24.21.1800460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background In an outbreak of hepatitis A among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Berlin (2016 and 2017), patients frequently reported anonymous sex and use of dating applications to meet sexual contacts, hampering tracing and vaccination of contacts. Aim Our objective was to evaluate dating apps and websites as a means of spreading prevention messages among MSM during the ongoing outbreak. Methods Advertisements in different formats were placed on three MSM dating apps and eight websites for anonymous dating during three weeks in March and April 2017. We calculated frequency of ads shown and click-through rates (CTR) and investigated the independent effect of format and platform on the number of clicks using a negative binomial regression model. We evaluated the campaign’s impact using a survey among visitors of a large gay-lesbian street-festival in Berlin. Results Overall, 1,920,180 ads were shown and clicked on 8,831 times (CTR = 0.46%). The multivariable model showed significantly more clicks on one dating app (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 9.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.7–12.2) than on websites and on full-screen ads (IRR = 3.1; 95% CI: 2.5–3.8) than on banner ads. Of 266 MSM who participated in the survey, 190 (71%) knew about the outbreak and 39 (15%) declared to have been vaccinated recently because of the campaign. Conclusions Dating apps provided a means to rapidly reach and influence a substantial number of MSM in Berlin and should complement case-based contact tracing among MSM in outbreak settings. Clicking on ads depended on platform and format used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ruscher
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.,Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,State Office for Health and Social Affairs (LAGeSo), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Werber
- State Office for Health and Social Affairs (LAGeSo), Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Thoulass
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruth Zimmermann
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Eckardt
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Winter
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.,European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.,Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology (PAE), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Sagebiel
- State Office for Health and Social Affairs (LAGeSo), Berlin, Germany
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Macapagal K, Li DH, Clifford A, Madkins K, Mustanski B. The CAN-DO-IT Model: a Process for Developing and Refining Online Recruitment in HIV/AIDS and Sexual Health Research. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 17:190-202. [PMID: 32444929 PMCID: PMC7380648 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-020-00491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV/AIDS and sexual health research has increasingly relied on online recruitment in recent years. However, as potential online recruitment avenues (e.g., dating and sexual networking applications, websites, social media) have proliferated, navigating this process has become increasingly complex. This paper presents a practical model to guide researchers through online recruitment irrespective of platform. RECENT FINDINGS The CAN-DO-IT model reflects 7 iterative steps based on work by the authors and other investigators: conceptualize scope of recruitment campaign, acquire necessary expertise, navigate online platforms, develop advertisements, optimize recruitment-to-enrollment workflow, implement advertising campaign, and track performance of campaigns and respond accordingly. Online recruitment can accelerate HIV/AIDS research, yet relatively limited guidance exists to facilitate this process across platforms. The CAN-DO-IT model presents one approach to demystify online recruitment and reduce enrollment barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Macapagal
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 14-057, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Dennis H Li
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 14-057, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology for Drug Abuse and HIV, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Antonia Clifford
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 14-057, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Krystal Madkins
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 14-057, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, 625 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 14-057, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology for Drug Abuse and HIV, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 750 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Profiling Dating Apps Users: Sociodemographic and Personality Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103653. [PMID: 32455986 PMCID: PMC7277526 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of new technologies, the expansion of the Internet, and the emergence of dating apps (e.g., Tinder, Grindr) in recent years have changed the way to meet and approach potential romantic and/or sexual partners. The recent phenomenon has led to some gaps in the literature on individual differences (sociodemographic variables and personality traits) between users (previous and current users) and non-users of dating apps. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between using dating apps, sociodemographics (gender, age, sexual orientation, and relationship status), and bright and dark personality traits. Participants were 1705 university students (70% women, 30% men), aged between 18 and 26 (M = 20.60, SD = 2.09), who completed several online questionnaires. Through multinomial logistic regression analyses, it was found that men, older youth, and members of sexual minorities were more likely to be current and previous dating apps users. Being single and higher scores in open-mindedness were associated with higher probability to be current dating apps user. The dark personality showed no predictive ability. The discussion highlights the usefulness of knowing and considering the sociodemographic background and the characteristics of personality patterns in the design and implementation of preventive and promotion programs of healthy romantic and sexual relationships to improve people's better health and well-being.
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Tran A, Kaplan JA, Austin SB, Davison K, Lopez G, Agénor M. “It’s all outward appearance-based attractions”: A qualitative study of body image among a sample of young gay and bisexual men. JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2019.1706683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Tran
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, University of New Haven, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin A. Kaplan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S. Bryn Austin
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kirsten Davison
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gilberto Lopez
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Madina Agénor
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Acceptability of Using Geosocial Networking Applications for HIV/Sexually Transmitted Disease Partner Notification and Sexual Health Services. Sex Transm Dis 2020; 47:41-47. [PMID: 31688728 PMCID: PMC9773232 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geosocial networking (GSN) app use among men who have sex with men (MSM) has presented new opportunities for increasing the reach and efficiency of sexual health interventions but also poses challenges to HIV/sexually transmitted disease partner notification. Understanding MSM's attitudes toward app-based preventive sexual health services can help inform their development and delivery. METHODS We recruited US MSM who had met a sex partner on GSN apps in the last year to participate in an online survey assessing acceptability and preferences regarding app-based partner notification, health department presence, and sexual health services. Three app-based notification strategies were presented: sending notification messages through participant's/partner's app profile, health department app profile, or in-app anonymous messaging. RESULTS Of 791 respondents, a majority (70%) preferred to be notified by their partner directly; however, most would get tested if notified by health department profile (95%) or anonymous in-app message (85%). Given the options provided, 50% preferred notifying a partner using their own profile, 26% with health department assistance, and 24% via in-app anonymous message. A majority (71%) were comfortable notifying a partner through a health department profile, and 74% were comfortable using in-app anonymous messaging. Most participants (82%) were comfortable with health departments having app profiles to provide sexual health services. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that GSN app-based partner notification and sexual health services would be used by and are acceptable to US MSM. Partnering with app companies to integrate these services and increase access to public health programs has potential to improve MSM sexual health.
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Rosengren AL, Menza TW, LeGrand S, Muessig KE, Bauermeister JA, Hightow-Weidman LB. Stigma and Mobile App Use Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2019; 31:523-537. [PMID: 31815533 PMCID: PMC6938279 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2019.31.6.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV. Intersectional stigmas are associated with increased HIV vulnerability, and worse outcomes for YBMSM with HIV. YBMSM find sex partners through sexual networking apps, but stigma on apps has been poorly studied. We conducted cross-sectional analysis of 324 YBMSM seeking sex partners through apps to assess stigma experiences in eight dimensions compared to non-users (N = 150). We conducted detailed stratified analyses to identify granular stigma data. App users had higher median scores than non-users in perceived HIV discrimination, perceived HIV stigma, experienced sexual minority stigma, racial discrimination, and perceived homophobia. We demonstrate higher levels of intersectional stigmas among app users than non-users, but did not find an overall increase in stigma with increasing app use. Considering the prominent role of apps in YBMSM sexual networking, interventions that reduce stigma on apps are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lina Rosengren
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Kathryn E Muessig
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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50
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The influence of Grindr, a geosocial networking application, on body image in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men: An exploratory study. Body Image 2019; 31:59-70. [PMID: 31446375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates use of geosocial networking apps is associated with body image-related issues among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. The current study aims to elaborate upon these findings by investigating how Grindr, the most widely-used dating app among this population, impacts users' body image and body satisfaction. Using an exploratory, qualitative study design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 current and previous Grindr users and analyzed thematically. Our findings suggest Grindr affects users' body image through three primary mechanisms: weight stigma, sexual objectification, and social comparison. In each case, normative user attitudes and behaviours interact with the app's constitutional elements to affect bodily perceptions in a way that differs in form or intensity from social influence via offline exchanges. These interactions are often enabled by features shared with traditional social networking sites, like asynchronous, text-based communication and technology-assisted appearance augmentation, but certain features unique to Grindr may also play an important role. Moreover, participants identified several protective factors and coping strategies which suggest the relationship between Grindr and body image is dependent on a number of complex interactions between technology, user, and environment. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
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