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Yosep I, Suryani S, Mediani HS, Mardhiyah A, Hernawaty T. A scoping review of nursing interventions to reduce PTSD in adolescents who have been sexually abused. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:470. [PMID: 38982487 PMCID: PMC11232336 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Incidences of sexual violence have increased over the past few years. The negative impacts of sexual violence on adolescents are social isolation, low self-esteem, and disrupting the developmental stages of adolescents, and can even cause the risk of suicide. Nurses as providers of comprehensive nursing care have a role in reviewing various aspects to reduce the impact of sexual violence on adolescents. The purpose of this study is to explore methods of nursing intervention for reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents who are victims of sexual violence. The design used in this study is scoping review. Article were searched from CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria for articles in this study were full text, randomized control trial or quasi-experimental research design, English language, samples is adolescents (10-19 years based on WHO) who are victims of sexual violence, and the publication period of the last 10 years (2013-2022). We found 12 articles which discussed about nursing interventions in reducing PTSD symptoms in adolescents who are victims of sexual violence. Range of the samples is 40-405 adolescents. Several articles from developed countries. There are three nursing intervention methods that can be carried out, namely improve skill interventions, relaxation interventions, and cognitive behavior therapy. Nurses act as educators, facilitators and counselors so that victims can recover from their traumatic experiences. Providing nursing interventions to adolescents who are victims of sexual violence needs to pay attention to all aspects that affect the physical and psychological condition of the victim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Suryani Suryani
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Henny Suzana Mediani
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Taty Hernawaty
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Agor D, Knettel BA, Daici K, Meanley S. The Intersection of Mental Health and Sexual and Gender Minority Identities for Older Adults Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Narrative Review. Nurs Clin North Am 2024; 59:253-271. [PMID: 38670693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The transition of HIV into a chronic illness has brought to the forefront the pressing need to address the complex web of social determinants of HIV outcomes. A structured literature search and narrative review of studies describing intervention strategies for mental health among sexual/gender minority (SGM) older adults living with HIV (OALWH) published in the last decade identified 2 studies for inclusion. This narrative review identifies age-sensitive and culturally adapted therapies, mindfulness and meditation-based stress reduction, group therapy, digital mental health resources, and psilocybin-assisted group therapy as emerging intervention models tailored to meet the unique needs of SGM OALWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Agor
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, 218L E, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; University of Pennsylvania Eidos Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Brandon A Knettel
- Duke School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Global Mental Health Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth Daici
- Brown University, 69 Brown Street, Box 9734, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Steven Meanley
- University of Pennsylvania Eidos Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, 231L, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Kirschbaum AL, Metheny N, Skakoon-Sparling S, Grace D, Yakubovich AR, Cox J, Palachi A, Sang JM, O'Campo P, Tan DHS, Hart TA. Syndemic Factors and Lifetime Bidirectional Intimate Partner Violence Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Sexual Minority Men. LGBT Health 2023; 10:S89-S97. [PMID: 37754925 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Bidirectional intimate partner violence (IPV), the reporting of both IPV victimization and perpetration, is likely the most common form of violence among gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men (GBM) and is thought to be part of a larger syndemic of stressors. This purpose of this study was to examine associations between syndemic factors and lifetime bidirectional IPV among GBM in three Canadian cities to inform future interventions. Methods: Data from GBM (N = 2449) were used to fit three logistic regression models with lifetime bidirectional IPV as the outcome and four syndemic factors (i.e., depressive symptomatology, childhood sexual abuse [CSA], illegal drug use, and alcohol misuse) as independent variables. Model 1 examined syndemic factors individually. Model 2 employed a summative scale of syndemic exposure. Model 3 used marginal analysis to examine the relative excess risk of each potential iteration of the syndemic. Results: Thirty-one percent (N = 762) of respondents reported lifetime bidirectional IPV. Each of the syndemic factors were significantly associated with greater odds of reporting bidirectional IPV (Model 1). Model 2 exhibited a dose-response relationship between the number of syndemic factors reported and bidirectional IPV. Model 3 suggested that the specific combination of depressive symptomatology, CSA, and alcohol misuse resulted in the highest risk of lifetime bidirectional IPV. Conclusion: Bidirectional IPV was common in this sample and was associated with a complex interplay of stressors. However, there may be opportunities to target interventions to the specific syndemic issues in an effort to prevent and mitigate this form of IPV in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas Metheny
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | | | - Daniel Grace
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexa R Yakubovich
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joseph Cox
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Direction régionale de santé publique de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'Iîle-de-Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Aaron Palachi
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jordan M Sang
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patricia O'Campo
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Darrell H S Tan
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Trevor A Hart
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Hall DL, Batchelder AW, Fitch CJ, Glynn TR, Ironson G, Mizrach H, Safren SA, O'Cleirigh C. Posttraumatic Cognitions and Condomless Sex Among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) with a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse: The Role of Avoidance Coping. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:667-672. [PMID: 35930200 PMCID: PMC9899290 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03801-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explicated associations between trauma-related cognitions and condomless sex, examining avoidance coping style and behavior (i.e., substance use) as intermediate variables, among a group disproportionately affected by both trauma and HIV. Two hundred and ninety HIV-negative MSM with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) completed a cross-sectional psychosocial battery. Trauma-related cognitions were positively associated with more acts of condomless sex. Indirect associations on condomless sex were driven by avoidance coping, but not substance use. Findings indicate a need to address trauma-related cognitions and avoidance coping within interventions for reducing HIV risk among MSM with a history of CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Hall
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Mongan Institute, 100 Cambridge St., 16th floor, MB, 02114, Boston, USA.
| | - Abigail W Batchelder
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Fenway Health, The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Calvin J Fitch
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Fenway Health, The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany R Glynn
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Fenway Health, The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Gail Ironson
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Fenway Health, The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Yosep I, Mardhiyah A, Ramdhanie GG, Sari CWM, Hendrawati H, Hikmat R. Cognitive Behavior Therapy by Nurses in Reducing Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Children as Victims of Violence: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:407. [PMID: 36766982 PMCID: PMC9914721 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Violence against children can cause psychological problems such as post-traumatic syndrome disorder (PTSD). The negative impact of violence on children is psychological and physical problems and risk of suicide. Nurses have a role to provide comprehensive nursing care such as cognitive behavior therapy for reducing PTSD symptoms. The purpose of this study was to describe the methods of cognitive behavior therapy to reduce symptoms of PTSD in children who are victims of violence. This study used the scoping review method. The databases use for the literature review in this study were CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus. The keywords used in English were "cognitive behavioral therapy OR CBT" AND "violence OR abuse" AND "post-traumatic stress disorder OR PTSD" AND "child OR children". The inclusion criteria were full text, randomized control trial or quasi-experimental research design, English language, the sample was children, and the publication period was for the last 10 years (2013-2022). We found 10 articles discussing CBT intervention on children who experienced victim abuse to reduce symptoms of PTSD. Most of the articles in this study used randomized control trial design. Several samples in this study are from the USA. The total sample was 47-320 respondents. This study showed three methods of CBT, namely psychoeducation, self-management, and coping strategies. CBT interventions can be carried out face-to-face or online. The activities carried out by the participants were relaxing, participating in training, counseling, problem-solving discussions, and therapy to improve sleep quality. Cognitive behavioral therapy is an intervention that can be carried out to reduce the traumatic impact on child victims of violence by taking into account the characteristics and development of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Gusgus Ghraha Ramdhanie
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - Hendrawati Hendrawati
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Rohman Hikmat
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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Neilson EC, Schraufnagel TJ, George WH, Davis KC. The Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Mental Health, and Motives for Sex on Sexual Risk-Taking Among United States Men Who Have Sex with Women. JOURNAL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE 2023; 32:3-21. [PMID: 36515168 PMCID: PMC9911360 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2022.2155284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the role of mental health symptoms and motives for sex in the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and sexual risk-taking among men who have sex with women (MSW). The sample consisted of young adult (ages 21 to 30), non-monogamous MSW (N = 532) who reported having condomless sex at least once in the past year. Due to alcohol-related aims from two larger studies from which the data were analyzed, participation was excluded to men who regularly consumed alcohol (3 to 35 weekly drinks) and reported no symptoms of alcohol use disorder. Participants answered background questionnaires in lab and then completed a six-week, follow-up survey assessing the number of sex partners and condom use during the prior six weeks. CSA survivors reported greater mental health symptoms and sex motives related to coping, self-affirmation, and partner approval relative to non-survivors. CSA, sex for partner approval, and sex to enhance motives were positively associated with the number of sex partners. Participants endorsing self-affirmation sex motives reported higher condom use than those who did not. CSA contributes to long-term mental and sexual health outcomes among MSW. Identifying and treating depressive and anxiety symptoms and motives for sex may improve sexual health among CSA survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Neilson
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, United States
| | | | - William H George
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kelly Cue Davis
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Shangani S, van den Berg JJ, Dyer TV, Mayer KH, Operario D. Childhood sexual abuse, alcohol and drug use problems among Black sexual minority men in six US Cities: Findings from the HPTN 061 study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279238. [PMID: 36548261 PMCID: PMC9778556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has found a high prevalence of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among sexual minority men (SMM) in the US, and has indicated that CSA is associated with higher rates of alcohol and drug use disorders. However, most of these studies have focused almost exclusively on White SMM. We assessed associations of CSA, alcohol use, and drug use problems among adult Black SMM. METHODS Participants were 1,016 Black SMM recruited from six US cities (Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco, and Washington, DC) between July 2009 and December 2011. We used hierarchical logistic regression to evaluate the associations between CSA, alcohol use problems (≥ 8 AUDIT), and drug use problems (excluding marijuana). RESULTS Mean (SD) age was 37.8 (11.7) years, and 28.6% and 49.2% reported alcohol and drug use disorders in the past six months, respectively. Most of the study participants reported history of CSA (70.3%). Adjusting for sociodemographic and confounding variables, CSA was associated with higher odds of alcohol use problems (odds ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95% CI 1.09, 2.12) and drug use problems (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.19, 2.10) than non-CSA group. CONCLUSION Prevalence of CSA is high among BSMM in the US and is positively associated with alcohol and drug use problems. Substance use interventions should address the psychological health needs of BSMM with a history of CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Shangani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jacob J. van den Berg
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education, and Social Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Typhanye V. Dyer
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Mayer
- The Fenway Institute of Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Don Operario
- Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education, and Social Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Wang Y, Sun X, Li F, Li Q, Jin Y. Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for depression in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1050715. [PMID: 36438007 PMCID: PMC9691406 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major health concern worldwide. Recently, an increasing number of non-pharmacological interventions have been used in PD to alleviate depressive symptoms. However, it is uncertain which intervention is the best, and related evidence is limited. This network meta-analysis was performed to compare and rank non-pharmacological interventions for PD and analyze their effects on depression to provide evidence for clinicians to choose appropriate non-pharmacological management options. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to April 7, 2022. Two authors screened all studies, extracted the data, and evaluated the methodological quality. STATA software version 16.0 was used to conduct the network meta-analysis. RESULTS Our network meta-analysis included 62 studies involving 3,050 participants and 35 non-pharmacological interventions. Although most non-pharmacological interventions showed non-significant effects, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values indicated that the best non-pharmacological intervention for depression was dance (82.3%), followed by LSVT-BIG therapy (77.4%), and CBT (73.6%). CONCLUSION Dance can be considered as an effective therapy for improving depression in patients with PD. In the future, more strictly designed trials are needed to verify the conclusions of this network meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Nursing Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Nursing, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Wirtz AL, Burns PA, Poteat T, Malik M, White JJ, Brooks D, Kasaie P, Beyrer C. Abuse in the Continua: HIV Prevention and Care Outcomes and Syndemic Conditions Associated with Intimate Partner Violence Among Black Gay and Bisexual Men in the Southern United States. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:3761-3774. [PMID: 35661018 PMCID: PMC9561062 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been implicated in HIV acquisition and worse HIV outcomes. Limited research focuses on the experiences of Black gay and bisexual men. Using data from cross-sectional surveys in Baltimore, Maryland, and Jackson, Mississippi, we analyzed the association between IPV victimization and HIV-related outcomes among 629 adult Black gay and bisexual men, among whom 53% self-reported a negative result at last HIV test. 40% of participants reported lifetime physical, sexual, and/or psychological IPV victimization, and 24% past-year victimization. Recent and lifetime IPV were associated with recent clinical diagnosis of STI (adjPrR: 1.44; 95%CI: 1.08-1.92) and ART medication interruptions (adjPrR: 1.59; 95%CI: 1.25-2.01), respectively. Physical IPV was inversely associated with current PrEP use (adjPrR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.13-0.90). Recent IPV was independently correlated with depression symptomatology (adjPrR: 2.36; 95%CI: 1.61-3.47) and hazardous alcohol use (adjPrR: 1.93; 95%CI: 1.42-2.61), with evidence of interactions. IPV-HIV relationships were intersected by internalized stigma, housing instability, poverty, and lack of insurance. Tailored IPV services are urgently needed for comprehensive HIV services for Black gay and bisexual men in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L. Wirtz
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD,Corresponding Author
| | - Paul A. Burns
- Department of Population Health Science, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Tonia Poteat
- Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mannat Malik
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jordan J. White
- School of Social Work, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Parastu Kasaie
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chris Beyrer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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10
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Effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing HIV acquisition and transmission among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in high income settings: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276209. [PMID: 36260550 PMCID: PMC9581368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV transmission continues among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM), with those who are younger, or recent migrants, or of minority ethnicity or who are gender diverse remaining at increased risk. We aimed to identify and describe recent studies evaluating the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for GBMSM in high income countries. METHODS We searched ten electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), conducted in high income settings, and published since 2013 to update a previous systematic review (Stromdahl et al, 2015). We predefined four outcome measures of interest: 1) HIV incidence 2) STI incidence 3) condomless anal intercourse (CLAI) (or measure of CLAI) and 4) number of sexual partners. We used the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK) Quality Appraisal of Intervention Studies tool to assess the quality of papers included in the review. As the trials contained a range of effect measures (e.g. odds ratio, risk difference) comparing the arms in the RCTs, we converted them into standardized effect sizes (SES) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS We identified 39 original papers reporting 37 studies. Five intervention types were identified: one-to-one counselling (15 papers), group interventions (7 papers), online interventions (9 papers), Contingency Management for substance use (2 papers) and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) (6 papers). The quality of the studies was mixed with over a third of studies rated as high quality and 11% rated as poor quality. There was some evidence that one-to-one counselling, group interventions (4-10 participants per group) and online (individual) interventions could be effective for reducing HIV transmission risk behaviours such as condomless anal intercourse. PrEP was the only intervention that was consistently effective at reducing HIV incidence. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review of the recent evidence that we were able to analyse indicates that PrEP is the most effective intervention for reducing HIV acquisition among GBMSM. Targeted and culturally tailored behavioural interventions for sub-populations of GBMSM vulnerable to HIV infection and other STIs should also be considered, particularly for GBMSM who cannot access or decline to use PrEP.
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Meanley S, Sexton Topper P, Listerud L, Bonett SK, Watson D, Choi SK, Teixeira Da Silva D, Flores DD, James R, Bauermeister JA. Leveraging Resilience-supportive Strategies to Enhance Protective Factors in Young Sexual Minority Men: A Scoping Review of HIV Behavioral Interventions Implemented in High-income Countries. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2022; 59:957-983. [PMID: 35080999 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.2024789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral HIV interventions focused on strengthening young sexual minority men's (SMM) internal (assets) and external (resources) protective factors are promising, yet their evaluation as resilience-supportive strategies to minimize or negate HIV-related risks remain understudied. The objective of this scoping review was to describe resilience-supportive intervention strategies that have been used to achieve desired HIV behavioral outcomes and to identify how these strategies have been evaluated using a resilience analytic framework. Our scoping review uncovered 271 peer-reviewed articles, of which 38 were eligible for inclusion based on our review criteria. The majority of interventions relied on social support strategies as their primary resilience-supportive strategy. A third of interventions reviewed analyzed their findings from a deficits-focused model, another third used compensatory resilience models, and the remaining interventions employed a hybrid (i.e., deficit and compensatory model) strategy. None of the interventions evaluated their intervention effects using a risk-protective model. From our synthesis regarding the current state of research around resilience-informed interventions, we propose strategies to inform the design of resilience-supportive approaches and make recommendations to move the field forward on how to develop, implement, and measure young SMM's resiliency processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Meanley
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Patrina Sexton Topper
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Louis Listerud
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen K Bonett
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
- University of Pennsylvania Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics
| | - Dovie Watson
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman
| | - Seul Ki Choi
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Teixeira Da Silva
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
- University of Pennsylvania Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics
- School of Medicine National Clinician Scholar, University of Pennsylvania Perelman
| | - Dalmacio D Flores
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - José A Bauermeister
- School of Nursing, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Nursing, Program on Sexuality, Technology, and Action Research, University of Pennsylvania
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12
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Helminen EC, Cascalheira CJ, Shaw TJ, Zollweg S, Hughes TL, Scheer JR. A latent class analysis of tailored substance use treatment programs: Implications for treating syndemic conditions facing sexual and gender minority populations. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 238:109550. [PMID: 35820291 PMCID: PMC9444885 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndemics (i.e., multiple, co-occurring, and synergistic conditions) contribute to elevated substance use among sexual and gender minority (SGM) people relative to heterosexual, cisgender people. Research suggests that syndemic-informed and SGM-tailored treatments are effective in substance use treatment among SGM people. However, few studies have examined 1) the proportion of substance use treatment facilities offering syndemic-informed, SGM-tailored treatment programming; and 2) the availability and accessibility of syndemic-informed, SGM-tailored treatment programs across the U.S. METHODS We used the 2020 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) dataset to perform a latent class analysis examining whether substance use treatment facilities' tailored treatment programs cluster together to form distinct classes indicating whether facilities offer syndemic-informed and SGM-tailored programming. We then used multinomial logistic regression to examine associations between class membership and facility availability and accessibility. RESULTS Analyses revealed four classes of substance use treatment facilities' tailored programs. Facilities with syndemic-informed and SGM-tailored treatment programs compared to facilities with no tailored programs were more likely to be in the Northeast compared to the Midwest and South; to offer payment assistance versus not offer payment assistance; and to be private, for-profit facilities versus public or non-profit facilities. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings identify the need for more facilities with syndemic-informed and SGM-tailored treatment, particularly in the Midwestern and Southern U.S. regions. Facilities offering syndemic-informed and SGM-tailored treatment might present accessibility barriers for low-income SGM people, as they were more likely to be private, for-profit facilities; however, they were more likely to offer payment assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Helminen
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Cory J Cascalheira
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Thomas J Shaw
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Zollweg
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jillian R Scheer
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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13
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Operario D, Sun S, Bermudez AN, Masa R, Shangani S, van der Elst E, Sanders E. Integrating HIV and mental health interventions to address a global syndemic among men who have sex with men. Lancet HIV 2022; 9:e574-e584. [PMID: 35750058 PMCID: PMC7613577 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(22)00076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this Series paper, we review evidence on the co-occurring and synergistic epidemics (syndemic) of HIV and mental health problems worldwide among men who have sex with men (MSM). The multilevel determinants of this global syndemic include structural factors that enable stigma, systematic bias, and violence towards MSM across geographical and cultural contexts. Cumulative exposure to these factors over time results in population-level inequities in the burden of HIV infections and mental health problems among MSM. Evidence for this syndemic among MSM is strongest in the USA, Canada, western Europe, and parts of Asia and Latin America, with emerging evidence from sub-Saharan Africa. Integrated interventions are needed to address syndemics of HIV and mental health problems that challenge the wellbeing of MSM populations worldwide, and such interventions should consider various mental health conditions (eg, depression, anxiety, trauma, and suicidality) and their unique expressions and relationships with HIV outcomes depending on cultural contexts. In addition, interventions should identify and intervene with locally relevant structural factors that result in HIV and mental health vulnerabilities among MSM.
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14
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Coleman JN, Batchelder AW, Kirakosian N, Choi KW, Shipherd JC, Bedoya CA, Safren SA, Ironson G, O'Cleirigh C. Indirect effects of dissociation on the relationship between lifetime PTSD symptoms and condomless sex among men who have sex with men with a history of childhood sexual abuse. J Trauma Dissociation 2022; 23:279-295. [PMID: 34678135 PMCID: PMC9023598 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2021.1989118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms may interfere with gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men's (MSM) ability to engage in safe sex practices. An indirect relationship with dissociation may help to elucidate the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and condomless sex among MSM with childhood sexual abuse (CSA) histories. These relationships have not previously been examined in this group, which has a unique vulnerability for HIV acquisition. A cross-sectional sample of MSM with histories of CSA (N=290) was recruited at study sites in Boston, MA, and Miami, FL. Participants had a mean age of 37.95 years (SD=11.68), 22% were African American and 29.4% identified as Latino. The sample reported a mean of 10.47 (SD=4.38) lifetime PTSD symptoms and 26.4% met the clinical threshold for dissociation. Logistic regression models (adjusted for age, education, and substance use disorder) were used to assess indirect effects of dissociation on the relationship between lifetime PTSD symptoms and condomless anal/vaginal sex episodes with serodiscordant or unknown status partners in the past 3 months. Dissociation accounted for the association between lifetime PTSD symptom severity and condomless sex episodes. The Sobel test (Sobel = 2.04, p= .042; CI 95% bias-corrected bootstrap) suggested significant indirect effects for dissociation. Dissociation among MSM with CSA histories may compromise accurate appraisals of sexual risk and safety and increase vulnerability for HIV acquisition. Further research is warranted to address HIV prevention in the context of PTSD symptom severity to improve the mental health of MSM and increase the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Coleman
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Abigail W Batchelder
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Norik Kirakosian
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Karmel W Choi
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jillian C Shipherd
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Women's Health Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Office of Patient Care Services, LGBT Health Program, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - C Andres Bedoya
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, United States
| | - Gail Ironson
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, United States
| | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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15
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Puccinelli M, Seay J, Otto A, Garcia S, Crane TE, Benzo RM, Solle N, Mustanski B, Merchant N, Safren SA, Penedo FJ. An adapted cognitive behavioral stress and self-management (CBSM) intervention for sexual minority men living with HIV and cancer using the SmartManage eHealth platform: Study design and protocol. (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37822. [PMID: 35849435 PMCID: PMC9345025 DOI: 10.2196/37822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Puccinelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Julia Seay
- Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Amy Otto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sofia Garcia
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tracy E Crane
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roberto M Benzo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Natasha Solle
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nipun Merchant
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
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16
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Bragard E, Macapagal K, Mustanski B, Fisher CB. Association of CAI Vulnerability and Sexual Minority Victimization Distress Among Adolescent Men Who Have Sex With Men. PSYCHOLOGY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER DIVERSITY 2021; 8:496-505. [PMID: 34957315 DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) are at high HIV risk. Condomless anal intercourse (CAI) increases HIV risk and has been associated with interpersonal power imbalances, such as asymmetries in decision-making authority, social status, and emotional dependence, between male sexual partners. AMSM experience high levels of psychological and physical victimization due to their sexual minority status. Sexual minority victimization (SMV) is similarly associated with low interpersonal power and may relate to the extent to which AMSM are vulnerable to partner influences to engage in CAI. This online survey study of AMSM 14-17 years (N = 143) tested the hypothesis that experiences and attitudes reflecting vulnerability to partner CAI influence (CAI Vulnerability) and distress in response to experienced sexual minority victimization (SMV Distress) would be positively associated with participant and partner condom non-use during anal sex (CAI frequency). Approximately 35% reported they or their partner(s) had never or rarely used a condom. Positive correlations were found among partners' CAI frequency during sex with the participant, CAI Vulnerability, and SMV Distress. Multiple regression indicated CAI Vulnerability significantly accounted for the relation between SMV Distress and partner's CAI frequency. Findings suggest that distress in response to SMV may be associated with a diminished sense of interpersonal control resulting in CAI Vulnerability and subsequent more frequent instances of partner CAI. HIV prevention strategies designed to increase condom use among AMSM have the potential to benefit from procedures aimed at increasing interpersonal sexual assertiveness and decreasing distress associated with sexual minority victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn Macapagal
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University
| | - Celia B Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University.,Center for Ethics Education, Fordham University
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17
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Scheer JR, Clark KA, Talan A, Cabral C, Pachankis JE, Rendina HJ. Longitudinal associations between childhood sexual abuse-related PTSD symptoms and passive and active suicidal ideation among sexual minority men. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 122:105353. [PMID: 34638046 PMCID: PMC8612966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual minority men report high rates of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adulthood suicidality. However, mechanisms (e.g., PTSD symptoms) through which CSA might drive suicidality remain unknown. OBJECTIVE In a prospective cohort of sexual minority men, we examined: (1) associations between CSA and suicidal thoughts and behaviors; (2) prospective associations between CSA-related PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation; and (3) interpersonal moderators of these associations. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants included 6305 sexual minority men (Mage = 33.2, SD = 11.5; 82.0% gay; 53.5% White) who completed baseline and one-year follow-up at-home online surveys. METHODS Bivariate analyses were used to assess baseline demographic and suicidality differences between CSA-exposed participants and non-CSA-exposed participants. Among CSA-exposed participants, multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to regress passive and active suicidal ideation at one-year follow-up on CSA-related PTSD symptoms at baseline. Interactions were examined between CSA-related PTSD symptoms and interpersonal difficulties. RESULTS CSA-exposed sexual minority men reported two-and-a-half times the odds of suicide attempt history compared to non-CSA-exposed men (95% CI = 2.15-2.88; p < 0.001). Among CSA-exposed sexual minority men, CSA-related PTSD symptoms were prospectively associated with passive suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.19; 1.61). Regardless of CSA-related PTSD symptom severity, those with lower social support and greater loneliness were at elevated risk of active suicidal ideation at one-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS CSA-related PTSD symptom severity represents a psychological mechanism contributing to CSA-exposed sexual minority men's elevated suicide risk, particularly among those who lack social support and report loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian R Scheer
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 414 Huntington Hall, Syracuse NY 13244, USA.
| | - Kirsty A Clark
- Department of Medicine, Health & Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Ali Talan
- Whitman-Walker Institute, Inc., Washington, DC 20009, USA
| | - Cynthia Cabral
- Counseling and Wellness Center, St. Joseph's College, Brooklyn, NY 11205, USA
| | - John E Pachankis
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - H Jonathon Rendina
- Whitman-Walker Institute, Inc., Washington, DC 20009, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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18
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Batchelder AW, Fitch C, Feinstein BA, Thiim A, O'Cleirigh C. Psychiatric, Substance Use, and Structural Disparities Between Gay and Bisexual Men with Histories of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Recent Sexual Risk Behavior. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2021; 50:2861-2873. [PMID: 34676467 PMCID: PMC8761038 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority men disproportionately experience childhood sexual abuse (CSA) compared to heterosexual men, resulting in greater risk of psychiatric and substance use diagnoses, sexual risk taking, and HIV acquisition later in life. However, little is known about psychiatric and substance use disparities between gay and bisexual men who have experienced CSA. We recruited a purposive convenience sample in Boston and Miami, involving self-report and clinical interview data from 290 sexual minority men (M age = 38.0 years) who reported CSA, defined as unwanted sexual contact before 13 years of age with an adult or person five years older, or unwanted sexual contact between 13 and 16 years of age with a person 10 years older (or any age with the threat of force or harm). We compared those who self-identified as gay (n = 199) versus bisexual (n = 64) on demographic and structural variables (i.e., government benefits, unstable housing, and neighborhood crime) as well as psychiatric and substance use diagnoses. Across 15 unique diagnoses, three were more common in bisexual men than gay men in unadjusted models: bipolar disorder (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.01-8.34), obsessive compulsive disorder (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.01-4.88), and alcohol use disorder (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.03-3.38). Bisexual men were also more likely to meet criteria for "any substance use disorder" than were gay men (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.10-3.59). However, when race, education, and income were included as covariates, the odds ratios reduced significantly (bipolar disorder: aOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 0.59-6.61; obsessive compulsive disorder: aOR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.64-3.77; alcohol use disorder, aOR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.80-2.98; any substance use disorder, aOR = 1.79, 95% CI: 0.93-3.45, respectively). Our results highlight the mental health needs, including problematic substance use, of bisexual men with histories of CSA, as well as the importance of accounting for potential confounding demographic variables that may influence disparities in mental health and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail W Batchelder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Calvin Fitch
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian A Feinstein
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Behavioral Medicine Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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Li X, Guo M, Wang W, Wei L, Xiao C, Yu L, Yan H. Association between childhood sexual abuse and patterns of HIV risky sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men in China: A latent class analysis. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 120:105164. [PMID: 34225216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) exacerbate the transmission of HIV. Previous studies had demonstrated that childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with one or more sexual behaviors, but few studies have been conducted among MSM in China. OBJECTIVE This present study aimed to estimate latent classes of risky sexual behaviors and test for CSA differences in latent class memberships among Chinese MSM. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The eligible participants were MSM aged 16 years or older who reported ever having oral or anal sex with men in the past 6 months. METHODS Data were obtained from an anonymous questionnaire between September 2017 to January 2018 in three cities in China, and contained questions about sexual-related behaviors and CSA experience. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify the patterns of sexual behaviors and binomial regression was used to examine the relationships among these variables. RESULTS Among 628 MSM, 22.6% reported experiencing CSA. A two-classes pattern of sexual behaviors was identified, with 46.7% in the low-risk class and 53.3% in the high-risk class. MSM who experienced CSA were more likely to be high-risk group compared to those without CSA experiences [odds ratio (OR) = 1.981; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.329-2.954)]. CONCLUSIONS CSA was prevalent among Chinese MSM. And MSM with CSA experiences are more prone to be assigned to the high-risk group. Future HIV interventions need to focus on MSM who experienced CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglan Guo
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liqing Wei
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchang Xiao
- City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Yu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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20
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Emetu RE, Brandt AS, Forster M. Sexual self-concepts among sexual minority men with childhood sexual abuse histories. JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2020.1838379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta E. Emetu
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, College of Health & Human Development, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Alexis S. Brandt
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, College of Health & Human Development, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Myriam Forster
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, College of Health & Human Development, Northridge, California, USA
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21
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Hall CDX, Moran K, Newcomb ME, Mustanski B. Age of Occurrence and Severity of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Impacts on Health Outcomes in Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2021; 58:763-774. [PMID: 33215945 PMCID: PMC8134626 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2020.1840497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with a wide range of health outcomes and is more prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to men who have sex with women exclusively and among transgender women (TW) compared to cisgender peers; however, there is a lack of consensus regarding an explanatory theoretical model. This analysis examined these models across health outcomes using baseline data from a longitudinal study of MSM and TW in Chicago (n = 1,035) collected from 2015 to 2019. Severity of CSA was measured for two age ranges (prior to 13 and 13-17). Logistic regression and negative binomial regressions were estimated. Teenage experiences of CSA were associated with alcohol problems, cannabis problems, suicide ideation/attempt, depression, condomless anal sex partners, rectal STI, and HIV. Pre-teenage CSA was associated with alcohol use and depressive symptoms. Significant interactions across age of experience of CSA were found for alcohol problems, cannabis problems, and condomless anal sex partners. Consistent with previous literature, this analysis found CSA to be a significant influence on various health outcomes. No single explanatory framework emerged; however, adolescent exposures may be more closely linked to health outcomes and risk behaviors than pre-teenage or cumulative exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey D. Xavier Hall
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Northwestern University Institute for Sexual and Gender
Minority Health and Wellbeing, Chicago, IL
| | - Kevin Moran
- Northwestern University Institute for Sexual and Gender
Minority Health and Wellbeing, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael E. Newcomb
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Northwestern University Institute for Sexual and Gender
Minority Health and Wellbeing, Chicago, IL
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Northwestern University Institute for Sexual and Gender
Minority Health and Wellbeing, Chicago, IL
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22
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Collins PY, Velloza J, Concepcion T, Oseso L, Chwastiak L, Kemp CG, Simoni J, Wagenaar BH. Intervening for HIV prevention and mental health: a review of global literature. J Int AIDS Soc 2021; 24 Suppl 2:e25710. [PMID: 34164934 PMCID: PMC8222838 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous effective HIV prevention options exist, including behaviour change interventions, condom promotion and biomedical interventions, like voluntary medical male circumcision and pre-exposure prophylaxis. However, populations at risk of HIV also face overlapping vulnerabilities to common mental disorders and severe mental illness. Mental health status can affect engagement in HIV risk behaviours and HIV prevention programmes. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on HIV prevention among key populations and other groups vulnerable to HIV infection to understand the relationship between mental health conditions and HIV prevention outcomes and summarize existing evidence on integrated approaches to HIV prevention and mental healthcare. METHODS We searched five databases for studies published from January 2015 to August 2020, focused on HIV prevention and mental health conditions among key populations and individuals with serious mental illness. Studies were included if they evaluated an HIV prevention intervention or assessed correlates of HIV risk reduction and included assessment of mental health conditions or a mental health intervention. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We identified 50 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, of which 26 were randomized controlled trials or other experimental designs of an HIV prevention intervention with or without a mental health component. Behaviour change interventions were the most common HIV prevention approach. A majority of studies recruited men who have sex with men and adolescents. Two studies provided distinct approaches to integrated HIV prevention and mental health service delivery. Overall, a majority of included studies showed that symptoms of mental disorder or distress are associated with HIV prevention outcomes (e.g. increased risky sexual behaviour, poor engagement in HIV prevention behaviours). In addition, several studies conducted among groups at high risk of poor mental health found that integrating a mental health component into a behaviour change intervention or linking mental health services to combination prevention activities significantly reduced risk behaviour and mental distress and improved access to mental healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that mental health conditions are associated with poorer HIV prevention outcomes, and tailored integrated approaches are urgently needed to address overlapping vulnerabilities among key populations and other individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Y Collins
- Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | | | | | - Linda Oseso
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred HutchSeattleWAUSA
| | - Lydia Chwastiak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | | | - Jane Simoni
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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23
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Vollman BK. When Did I Become a Victim? Exploring Narratives of Male Childhood Sexual Abuse. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2021; 14:277-293. [PMID: 33986913 PMCID: PMC8099960 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This report presents narrative data of adult men self-identifying as victims of sexual abuse occurring in childhood or adolescence (CSA). Preliminary data were derived from written public stories posted by men to the Internet (n = 90). Many of these accounts indicate same-sex sexual abuse (male victim, male perpetrator). The primary research question: "how have adult male victims of childhood sexual abuse constructed written narratives of victimization?" The men in this study who posted public narratives about their sexual abuse demonstrated evidence in of two (turmoil and taking control) of six life course themes uncovered by Draucker and Martsolf (2010). Two temporally related additional subthemes emerged within the category "taking control": during the abusive event/relationship and after abuse in adulthood. Understanding how male victims organize and make sense of the trajectory of their victim and/or survivor identity may contribute to a more integrated healing for victims. This could also shape programs for outreach and support. The result of the study would aid in the development of diagnostic tools and frameworks for interviewing abuse victims who are not publicly presenting or formally reporting their stories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda K. Vollman
- Social Sciences, Human Services and Criminal Justice Department, Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, 199 Chambers Street, New York, NY 10007 USA
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Batchelder AW, Foley JD, Kim J, Thiim A, Kelly J, Mayer K, O'Cleirigh C. Intersecting internalized stigmas and HIV self-care among men who have sex with men and who use substances. Soc Sci Med 2021; 275:113824. [PMID: 33721745 PMCID: PMC8009855 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, substance use, and stigma related to co-existing or intersecting identities that are stigmatized or devalued by society (e.g., being a sexual minority male, a person living with HIV, or a person who uses substances). Evidence indicates that when stigma is internalized it may act as a barrier to engagement in self-care behaviors. OBJECTIVE Gaining a better understanding of how intersecting internalized stigmas affect HIV self-care among MSM who use substances. METHODS To investigate these relationships, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews until we reached thematic saturation (n = 33) with HIV + MSM who use substances and were sub-optimally engaged in HIV care. Interviews inquired about identity, internalized stigmas, substance use, HIV self-care behaviors, and interrelationships between concepts. RESULTS Our sample was 61% African American and 76% reported annual incomes of ≤$20,000. Approximately half of the participants explicitly described how intersecting internalized stigmas impacted their sense of self and their behavior. The overwhelming majority conveyed that internalized stigma related to substance use was the most burdensome and was considered a barrier to HIV self-care behaviors. Participants also described internalized stigmas related to HIV and sexual orientation, as well as race, effeminateness, poverty, and housing instability, which together impacted their psychological wellbeing and HIV self-care. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate a need for clinicians to consider and address intersecting internalized stigmas, particularly internalized stigma related to substance use, to both reduce substance use and improve HIV self-care among MSM who use substances and are sub-optimally engaged in HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail W Batchelder
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; The Fenway Health Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Jacklyn D Foley
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jane Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Aron Thiim
- The Fenway Health Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - John Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kenneth Mayer
- The Fenway Health Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, One Bowdoin Square, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; The Fenway Health Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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25
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Safren SA, Thomas B, Biello KB, Mayer KH, Rawat S, Dange A, Bedoya CA, Menon S, Anand V, Balu V, O'Cleirigh C, Klasko-Foster L, Baruah D, Swaminathan S, Mimiaga MJ. Strengthening resilience to reduce HIV risk in Indian MSM: a multicity, randomised, clinical efficacy trial. Lancet Glob Health 2021; 9:e446-e455. [PMID: 33740407 PMCID: PMC8091574 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) in India are extremely marginalised and stigmatised, and therefore experience immense psychosocial stress. As current HIV prevention interventions in India do not address mental health or resilience to these stressors, we aimed to evaluate a resilience-based psychosocial intervention in the context of HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. METHODS We did a multicity, randomised, clinical efficacy trial in Chennai (governmental tuberculosis research institute) and Mumbai (non-governmental organisation for MSM), India. Inclusion criteria were MSM, aged 18 years or older, who were at risk of HIV acquisition or transmission, defined as having any of the following in the 4 months before screening: anal sex with four or more male partners (protected or unprotected), diagnosis of an STI, history of transactional sex activity, or condomless anal sex with a man who was of unknown HIV status or serodiscordant. Participants were required to speak English, Tamil (in Chennai), or Hindi (in Mumbai) fluently. Eligible individuals were randomly assigned (1:1) to either a resilience-based psychosocial HIV prevention intervention, consisting of group (four sessions) and individual (six sessions) counselling alongside HIV and STI voluntary counselling and testing, or a standard-of-care control comprising voluntary counselling and testing alone. The primary outcomes were number of condomless anal sex acts with male partners during the past month (at baseline and 4 months, 8 months, and 12 months after randomisation), and incident bacterial STIs (at 12 months after randomisation). Resilience-related mediators included self-esteem, self-acceptance, and depression. Recruitment is now closed. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02556294. FINDINGS Between Sept 4, 2015, and June 28, 2018, we enrolled 608 participants; 305 (50%) were assigned to the psychosocial intervention condition and 303 (50%) were assigned to the control condition. 510 (84%) of 608 men completed an assessment at 4 months after randomisation, 483 (79%) at 8 months, and 515 (85%) at 12 months. 512 (99%) of 515 men had STI data from the 12-month assessment. The intervention condition had a 56% larger reduction in condomless anal sex acts (95% CI 35-71; p<0·0001) from baseline to 4-month follow-up, 72% larger reduction (56-82; p<0·0001) from baseline to 8-month follow-up, and 72% larger reduction (53-83; p<0·0001) from baseline to 12-month follow-up, compared with the standard-of-care control condition (condition by time interaction; χ2=40·29, 3 df; p<0·0001). Improvements in self-esteem and depressive symptoms both mediated 9% of the intervention effect on condomless anal sex acts. Bacterial STI incidence did not differ between study conditions at 12-month follow-up. INTERPRETATION A resilience-based psychosocial intervention for MSM at risk of HIV acquisition or transmission in India was efficacious in reducing condomless anal sex acts, with evidence for mediation effects in two key target resilience variables. HIV prevention programmes for MSM in India should address mental health resilience to augment reductions in the risk of sexually transmitted HIV. FUNDING National Institute of Mental Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA; Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Beena Thomas
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Katie B Biello
- Department of Behavioural and Social Health Sciences and Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - C Andres Bedoya
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Vinoth Balu
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynne Klasko-Foster
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behaviour, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Soumya Swaminathan
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Matthew J Mimiaga
- Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioural Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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26
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Zvolensky MJ, Garey L, Rogers AH, Schmidt NB, Vujanovic AA, Storch EA, Buckner JD, Paulus DJ, Alfano C, Smits JA, O'Cleirigh C. Psychological, addictive, and health behavior implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Behav Res Ther 2020; 134:103715. [PMID: 32891956 PMCID: PMC7451060 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA,HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Corresponding author. Dept of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew H. Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Eric A. Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia D. Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Candice Alfano
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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27
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Henderson JT, Senger CA, Henninger M, Bean SI, Redmond N, O'Connor EA. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 2020; 324:682-699. [PMID: 32809007 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.10371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Increasing rates of preventable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the US pose substantial burdens to health and well-being. OBJECTIVE To update evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) on effectiveness of behavioral counseling interventions for preventing STIs. DATA SOURCES Studies from the previous USPSTF review (2014); literature published January 2013 through May 31, 2019, in MEDLINE, PubMed (for publisher-supplied records only), PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Ongoing surveillance through May 22, 2020. STUDY SELECTION Good- and fair-quality randomized and nonrandomized controlled intervention studies of behavioral counseling interventions for adolescents and adults conducted in primary care settings were included. Studies with active comparators only or limited to individuals requiring specialist care for STI risk-related comorbidities were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Dual risk of bias assessment, with inconsistent ratings adjudicated by a third team member. Study data were abstracted into prespecified forms. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using the DerSimonian and Laird method or the restricted maximum likelihood method with Knapp-Hartung adjustment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Differences in STI diagnoses, self-reported condom use, and self-reported unprotected sex at 3 months or more after baseline. RESULTS The review included 37 randomized trials and 2 nonrandomized controlled intervention studies (N = 65 888; 13 good-quality, 26 fair-quality) recruited from primary care settings in the US. Study populations were composed predominantly of heterosexual adolescents and young adults (12 to 25 years), females, and racial and ethnic minorities at increased risk for STIs. Nineteen trials (n = 52 072) reported STI diagnoses as outcomes (3 to 17 months' follow-up); intervention was associated with reduced STI incidence (OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.54-0.81; I2 = 74%]). Absolute differences in STI acquisition between groups varied widely depending on baseline population STI risk and intervention effectiveness, ranging from 19% fewer to 4% more people acquiring STI. Thirty-four trials (n = 21 417) reported behavioral change outcomes. Interventions were associated with self-reported behavioral change (eg, increased condom use) that reduce STI risk (OR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.10-1.56; I2 = 40%, n = 5253). There was limited evidence on persistence of intervention effects beyond 1 year. No harms were identified in 7 studies (n = 3458) reporting adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Behavioral counseling interventions for individuals seeking primary health care were associated with reduced incidence of STIs. Group or individual counseling sessions lasting more than 2 hours were associated with larger reductions in STI incidence, and interventions of shorter duration also were associated with STI prevention, although evidence was limited on whether the STI reductions associated with these interventions persisted beyond 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian T Henderson
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Caitlyn A Senger
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michelle Henninger
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sarah I Bean
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nadia Redmond
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Elizabeth A O'Connor
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
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28
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Emetu RE, Yarber WL, Sherwood-Laughlin CM, Brandt AS. Self-Reported Sexual Behavioral Similarities and Differences Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men With Childhood Sexual Abuse Histories: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320949355. [PMID: 32772691 PMCID: PMC7418259 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320949355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) have the highest burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a risk factor for high-risk sexual behavior and STI acquisition. Studies that have explored sexual behavior based on the type of reported sexual abuse are limited. This study aimed to further understand current sexual behaviors and perceptions among YMSM that have experienced different types of CSA. Sixteen YMSM who were survivors of CSA were interviewed utilizing a phenomenological conceptual framework and methodology. Thematic findings were divided into two parts. Part I gave an overview of the entire sample, and themes were as follows: unprotected oral sex used to evaluate penile abnormalities, trust promoting unprotected sex, and alcohol and other drugs not cited as the reason for casual sex. Part II demonstrated the differences among those with a history of CSA involving non-penile-anal intercourse and those with a history of CSA involving penile-anal intercourse. The major themes in Part II were that victims of CSA involving penile-anal intercourse reported the following: a hypersexual self-definition, an STI diagnosis and noncondom use history, and a third sexual partner during sexual activity. Based on the findings, early life experiences such as CSA should be considered when developing preventative sexual health strategies and individuals who experienced penetrative sexual abuse may have different needs which should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta E. Emetu
- Department of Health Science, College of Health & Human Development, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - William L. Yarber
- Department of Applied Health Science, Rural Center for AIDS/STD Prevention, The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Alexis S. Brandt
- Department of Health Science, College of Health & Human Development, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
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29
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Pantalone DW, Nelson KM, Batchelder AW, Chiu C, Gunn HA, Horvath KJ. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Combination Behavioral Interventions Co-Targeting Psychosocial Syndemics and HIV-Related Health Behaviors for Sexual Minority Men. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2020; 57:681-708. [PMID: 32077326 PMCID: PMC7457381 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2020.1728514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the U.S., sexual minority men (SMM) are disproportionately affected by HIV. Interventions are needed to increase HIV prevention and treatment behaviors, especially among syndemically exposed SMM. In recent years, researchers have created and tested combination behavioral interventions co-targeting syndemics and HIV-related health behaviors. We evaluated that literature via systematic review and meta-analysis, identifying 44 trials targeting mental health symptoms, alcohol use, and drug use, as well as sexual risk behavior, antiretroviral adherence, and healthcare engagement. For the randomized controlled trials, we computed between-group, pre-post effect sizes and tested them via random-effects models. Results supported the efficacy of combined interventions with significant, small, positive effects for improving mental health and reducing substance use (d = .20, CIs: 0.12, .29), and reducing sexual risk behavior and improving antiretroviral adherence (d = .16, CIs: .03, .30). Stratification analyses indicate that longer (9+ sessions) and individual (vs. group) interventions resulted in stronger effects on syndemic but not health behavior outcomes. Intervention developers should attend to intervention intensity and format. More evidence is needed about the importance of additional factors, such as novel intervention targets and cultural tailoring, as well as broadening the focus to multi-level interventions to address both interpersonal and structural mechanisms of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Pantalone
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health
| | - Kimberly M Nelson
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health
| | - Abigail W Batchelder
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Hamish A Gunn
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston
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30
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Connecting the dots: a comparison of network analysis and exploratory factor analysis to examine psychosocial syndemic indicators among HIV-negative sexual minority men. J Behav Med 2020; 43:1026-1040. [PMID: 32361793 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-020-00148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Syndemics, or comorbid and mutually reinforcing psychosocial problems, are associated with increased HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM). Although the dynamic interplay among syndemic indicators is theorized to be crucial for increasing risk of HIV acquisition, novel approaches are needed to understand how these syndemic problems interrelate. This study examined the associations between nine self-reported syndemic indicators in 194 MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition. We compared exploratory factor analyses (EFA) to a network analysis. In the present study, network analysis consisted of edges representing bidirectional partial polychoric correlations between nodes, which represent psychosocial syndemic indicators. EFA yielded a 1-factor solution including suicidal ideation (SI), injection drug use (IDU), depression, social anxiety, intimate partner violence, substance use, and sexual compulsivity, and excluded heavy drinking and childhood sexual abuse. Network analysis yielded a pattern of interconnectedness with the most central nodes being SI, IDU, substance use, and depression. Statistically significant relationships (absolute edge weights) were found between SI and depression, social anxiety, and IDU, and IDU and substance use. These results suggest that depression and substance use, especially more severe presentations of these conditions such as SI and IDU, are prominent interconnected components of the HIV syndemic among MSM at high risk for HIV acquisition. SI, IDU, substance use, and depression may indeed be prudent targets of intervention. Future research on the inclusion of these syndemic indicators in analytical models involving interaction terms may be warranted.
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31
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Livingston NA, Berke D, Scholl J, Ruben M, Shipherd JC. Addressing Diversity in PTSD Treatment: Clinical Considerations and Guidance for the Treatment of PTSD in LGBTQ Populations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 7:53-69. [PMID: 32421099 PMCID: PMC7223966 DOI: 10.1007/s40501-020-00204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Trauma exposure is widespread but is especially common among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals. LGBTQ individuals also experience higher rates of discrimination, victimization, and minority stress which can complicate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment but also represent independent intervention targets. In this review, we highlight existing evidence-based practices, current limitations, and provide recommendations for care in the absence of established guidelines for treatment PTSD among LGBTQ patients. Recent findings Trauma-focused therapies (e.g., CPT, PE) and medications (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs) have shown benefit for people with PTSD. However, evaluations of these interventions have failed to examine the role of LGBTQ identities in recovery from trauma, and existing PTSD treatments do not account for ongoing threat to safety or the pervasive minority stress experienced by LGBTQ patients. In addition, many LGBTQ patients report negative experiences with healthcare, necessitating increased education and cultural awareness on the part of clinicians to provide patient-centered care and, potentially, corrective mental health treatment experiences. Summary Providers should routinely assess trauma exposure, PTSD, and minority stress among LGBTQ patients. We provide assessment and screening recommendations, outline current evidence-based treatments, and suggest strategies for integrating existing treatments to treat PTSD among LGBTQ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Livingston
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, Boston, MA USA.,2Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA.,3VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Danielle Berke
- 4Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York City, NY USA.,5The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York City, NY USA
| | - James Scholl
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA.,3VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mollie Ruben
- 6Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Jillian C Shipherd
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, Boston, MA USA.,National Center for PTSD, Women's Health Sciences Division, Boston, MA USA.,8Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Health Program, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC USA
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32
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Boroughs MS, Ehlinger PP, Batchelder AW, Safren SA, O’Cleirigh C. Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Emerging Adult Sexual Minority Men: Implications for Assessment and Treatment of Childhood Sexual Abuse. J Trauma Stress 2018; 31:665-675. [PMID: 30338584 PMCID: PMC6557140 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood (EA) is a developmental period marked by unique challenges that affect health including burgeoning occupational, relational, and financial stability; and increased risk taking in terms of sexual behavior(s) and substance use. Data were collected from 296 HIV-uninfected sexual minority men with childhood sexual abuse (CSA) histories. We analyzed baseline assessment data from a multisite randomized controlled trial that tested the efficaciousness of an experimental psychosocial treatment and examined vulnerabilities known to be linked with CSA. Our analyses compared EA sexual minority men, aged 18-29, with older sexual minority men (OSMM) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health and substance use outcomes. We found higher odds of PTSD, odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% CI [0.33, 0.96]; panic disorder or panic disorder with agoraphobia, OR = 0.36, 95% CI [0.16, 0.85]; and cocaine use, OR = 0.50, 95% CI [0.25, 0.97], among OSMM and higher odds of alcohol intoxication, OR = 5.60, 95% CI [3.20, 9.82]; cannabis use, OR = 3.09, 95% CI [1.83, 5.21]; and non-HIV sexually transmitted infections, OR = 3.03, 95% CI [1.29, 7.13], among the EA men. These results present a complex picture of health risks among sexual minority men in general and EA sexual minority men in particular. HIV seroconversion linked health risk behaviors, among sexual minority men, may be better addressed via increased attention to treating trauma and comorbid mental health and substance use problems using evidence-based psychosocial assessments and integrated treatment platforms that are tailored to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Boroughs
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada,The Fenway Institute at Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter P. Ehlinger
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Abigail W. Batchelder
- The Fenway Institute at Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Behavioral Medicine Service, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven A. Safren
- The Fenway Institute at Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Conall O’Cleirigh
- The Fenway Institute at Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Behavioral Medicine Service, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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