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Tahir A, Abbasi NA, He C, Ahmad SR, Baqar M, Qadir A. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of short and medium chain chlorinated paraffins in water and sediments of river Ravi, Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171964. [PMID: 38537810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Short (SCCPs) and medium (MCCPs) chain chlorinated paraffins being the emerging organic pollutants have raised serious concerns due to their widespread use and related human health risks. However, their occurrence in aquatic bodies like rivers and associated damage to ecological integrity is yet unknown in some regions of the world. The current study is the first ever assessment of SCCPs and MCCPs in sediment and water of river Ravi, Pakistan. Spatial occurrence and associated ecological risks were investigated from sediments (n = 16) and composite water samples (n = 8) collected at eight locations along the stretch of river Ravi. The concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs varied from below limit of detection (
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Tahir
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Akhtar Abbasi
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Chang He
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Baqar
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadir
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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2
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Mark Graham P, Pattinson NB, Lepheana AT, Taylor RJJ. Clarity tubes as effective citizen science tools for monitoring wastewater treatment works and rivers. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024. [PMID: 38712817 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Improved freshwater resource management requires the implementation of widespread, effective, and timely water quality monitoring. Conventional monitoring methods are often inhibited by financial, infrastructural, and human capacity limitations, especially in developing regions. This study aimed to validate the citizen-scientist-operated transparency or clarity tube (hereafter "clarity tube") for measuring water clarity as a proxy for total suspended solids (TSS) concentration, a critical quality metric in river systems and wastewater treatment works (WWTW) effluent in Southern Africa. Clarity tubes provided a relatively accurate and precise proxy for TSS in riverine lotic systems and WWTW effluent, revealing significant inverse log-linear relationships between clarity and TSS with r2 = 0.715 and 0.503, respectively. We demonstrate that clarity-derived estimates of TSS concentration (TSScde) can be used to estimate WWTW compliance with WWTW effluent TSS concentration regulations. The measurements can then be used to engage with WWTW management, potentially affecting WWTW performance. Overall, these findings demonstrate the usefulness of clarity tubes as low-cost, accessible, and easy-to-use citizen science tools for high spatial and temporal resolution water quality monitoring, not only in rivers in Southern Africa but also in WWTW effluent for estimating compliance, with strong global relevance to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-10. © 2024 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Mark Graham
- GroundTruth, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
- Centre for Water Resources Research, Pietermaritzburg, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
| | | | | | - Robert James Jim Taylor
- Centre for Water Resources Research, Pietermaritzburg, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
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3
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Wu Y, Wang H, Deng Y, Li X, Xu H. Suspended sediment dynamics and the related environmental risk assessment in a sensitive water area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170627. [PMID: 38311078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Suspended sediment (SS) is a natural component of aquatic environments. It is characterized by the adsorption of pollutants, and its physical properties can affect water volume quality. In this study, SS dynamics were simulated using a 2D hydrodynamic model in the Nanji Mountain Nature Reserve (NNR), and the fluxes of pollutants caused by SS were calculated to assess the biological risks during the wet (May-August) and dry (November-March) seasons. High spatial and temporal variability in SS load within the NNR was found in this study. The average SS load in the reserve increased and then decreased during the year, and the SS input from Ganjiang significantly affected the SS load in the NNR (p < 0.01). The SS load uptrend in the NNR occurred later than that of Ganjiang during the wet season because of the SS sedimentation in the NNR. And the suspension of SS in the NNR during the dry season resulted in a later SS load downtrend compared to Ganjiang. High SS load from Ganjiang during the wet season was responsible for the high nutrient and microplastic fluxes in the NNR, which were 8.38 and 10.61 times higher than those in the dry season, respectively. And the pollutant fluxes during the wet season were almost all from Ganjiang. In contrast, higher waterbird diversity and population during the dry season is the main reason for the increased biological risk of contaminants. Therefore, monitoring and managing SS and its contamination concentrations in rivers entering the lake is helpful for the protection of ecologically sensitive areas and key species in the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yanqing Deng
- Water Quality Department, Jiangxi Hydrological Bureau, Nanchang 330000, China and Key Laboratory of Hydrological and Ecological Monitoring of Poyang Lake, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Haosen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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4
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Lin J, Liu J, Xing H, Chen S, Nan Y, He J, Hu B, Wei Y, Guo P. Effect of suspended particulate matter on physiological, biochemical and photosynthetic characteristics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the Jinjiang Estuary (Fujian, China). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:151-163. [PMID: 38329639 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Suspended particulate matter (SPM), an important component of the natural water environment, can act as a carrier of many pollutants that affect aquatic organisms. In the present study, the effect of SPM obtained from Jinjiang Estuary on the physiological, biochemical, and photosynthetic properties of typical freshwater algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) was investigated. The results showed that under different concentrations of SPM treatment, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of C. pyrenoidosa increased, but the soluble protein content decreased. SPM with different particle sizes had less effect on SOD of C. pyrenoidosa, but showed a promoting effect on CAT and MDA as well as soluble protein content. In terms of photosynthetic activity, high concentrations (70, 90 mg/L) and small particle sizes (0-75, 75-120 μm) of SPM had a greater effect on the chlorophyll a content of C. pyrenoidosa. In addition, different concentrations of SPM had no significant effect on the potential photosynthetic activity of PS II (Fv/F0) and the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), but the inhibition of the initial slope (alpha), the maximum photosynthetic rate (ETRmax) and the semi-light saturation point (Ik) increased with the increase of SPM concentration. Fv/F0, ETRmax, and Ik of C. pyrenoidosa showed some degree of recovery after inhibition in the presence of SPM of different particle sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yiting Nan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Junming He
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yanfang Wei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Peiyong Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China.
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Yan J, Li F. Effects of sediment dredging on freshwater system: a comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:119612-119626. [PMID: 37962757 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As a common geo-engineering method to control internal load of nutrients and pollutants, sediment dredging has been used in many freshwater basins and has achieved certain effects. However, dredging can disturb water bodies and substrates and cause secondary pollution. It negatively affects the water environment system mainly from the following aspects. Dredging suddenly changes the hydrological conditions and many physical indicators of the water body, which will cause variations in water physicochemical properties. For example, changes in pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, transparency, and temperature can lead to a series of aquatic biological responses. On the other hand, sediment resuspension and deep-layer sediment exposure can affect the cycling of nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus), the release and valence conversion of heavy metals, and the desorption and degradation of organic pollutants in the overlying water. This can further affect the community structure of aquatic organisms. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relevant literature on freshwater sediment dredging, and to summarize the current knowledge of the potential environmental risks caused by the dredging and utilization of freshwater sediments. Based on this, the paper attempts to propose suggestions to mitigate these adverse environmental impacts. These are significant contributions to the development of environmentally friendly freshwater sediment dredging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Yan
- College of Economics and Management, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
- Irvine Valley College, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA
| | - Fang Li
- College of Economics and Management, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Mukarugwiro JA, Newete SW, Nsanganwimana F, Byrne MJ. Water turbidity affects the establishment of Neochetina eichhorniae (Warner) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Implications for biological control of water hyacinth. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116946. [PMID: 37619631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Water hyacinth is the target of nine biological control agents in South Africa including Neochetina eichhorniae (Warner) and Neochetina bruchi (Hustache) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These two weevils have also been released against water hyacinth in Rwanda, but failed to control the weed invasion, possibly due to high turbidity in the country's water bodies. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effect of water turbidity on the establishment and performance of N. eichhorniae in Rwanda. Turbidity levels were measured over two seasons in four Rwandan rivers and two lakes. The results were then used to benchmark laboratory trials to test the effect of turbidity on the weevils' development. Water hyacinth plants were maintained at four turbidity levels: Clear water (2 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU): low (85 NTU), medium (600 NTU) and high (1500 NTU). Each treatment plant was inoculated with three N. eichhorniae larvae, while control plants were free of larvae. Plant growth was measured weekly for three months, while adult weevil emergence was recorded from the 56th day of the experiment. The number of adults emerging from the treatment plants grown in the clear water, low, medium and high turbidity levels were 24, 21, 12 and 0, respectively. Larval feeding was greater on plants growing in clear water and the low turbidity, compared to the medium and high turbidity treatments. These results indicate that N. eichhorniae may not establish or perform well in water bodies with high levels of turbidity, which in turn enhances the growth of water hyacinth, allowing compensatory growth for weevil feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mukarugwiro
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; Centre for Invasion Biology (CIB), South Africa
| | - S W Newete
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; Agricultural Research Council-Natural Resource and Engineering (ARC-NRE), Geo-Information Science Division, Arcadia, Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0008, South Africa.
| | | | - M J Byrne
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; Centre for Invasion Biology (CIB), South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellent for Invasion Biology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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7
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Rahat SH, Steissberg T, Chang W, Chen X, Mandavya G, Tracy J, Wasti A, Atreya G, Saki S, Bhuiyan MAE, Ray P. Remote sensing-enabled machine learning for river water quality modeling under multidimensional uncertainty. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165504. [PMID: 37459982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Two fundamental problems have inhibited progress in the simulation of river water quality under climate (and other) uncertainty: 1) insufficient data, and 2) the inability of existing models to account for the complexity of factors (e.g., hydro-climatic, basin characteristics, land use features) affecting river water quality. To address these concerns this study presents a technique for augmenting limited ground-based observations of water quality variables with remote-sensed surface reflectance data by leveraging a machine learning model capable of accommodating the multidimensionality of water quality influences. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) can serve as a surrogate for chemical and biological pollutants of concern in surface water bodies. Historically, TSS data collection in the United States has been limited to the location of water treatment plants where state or federal agencies conduct regularly-scheduled water sampling. Mathematical models relating riverine TSS concentration to the explanatory factors have therefore been limited and the relationships between climate extremes and water contamination events have not been effectively diagnosed. This paper presents a method to identify these issues by utilizing a Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) model trained on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite reflectance data, which is calibrated to TSS data collected by the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). The methodology developed enables a thorough empirical analysis and data-driven algorithms able to account for spatial variability within the watershed and provide effective water quality prediction under uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Haque Rahat
- Geosyntec Consultants, 920 SW 6th Ave Suite, 600, Portland, OR 97204, United States of America.
| | - Todd Steissberg
- U. S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), 707 Fourth St., Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Won Chang
- Department of Statistics, University of Cincinnati, 5516 French Hall, 2815, Commons Way, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States of America
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, Braunstein Hall, A&S Geography, 0131, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States of America
| | - Garima Mandavya
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 601, Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States of America
| | - Jacob Tracy
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 601, Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States of America
| | - Asphota Wasti
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 601, Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Atreya
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 601, Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States of America
| | - Shah Saki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Road Unit, 3037, Storrs, CT 06269-3037, United States of America
| | - Md Abul Ehsan Bhuiyan
- Climate Prediction Center, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), College Park, MA 20742, United States of America
| | - Patrick Ray
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 601, Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States of America
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Pinheiro M, Martins I, Raimundo J, Caetano M, Neuparth T, Santos MM. Stressors of emerging concern in deep-sea environments: microplastics, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and deep-sea mining. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162557. [PMID: 36898539 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although most deep-sea areas are remote in comparison to coastal zones, a growing body of literature indicates that many sensitive ecosystems could be under increased stress from anthropogenic sources. Among the multiple potential stressors, microplastics (MPs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs/PCPs) and the imminent start of commercial deep-sea mining have received increased attention. Here we review recent literature on these emerging stressors in deep-sea environments and discuss cumulative effects with climate change associated variables. Importantly, MPs and PPCPs have been detected in deep-sea waters, organisms and sediments, in some locations in comparable levels to coastal areas. The Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea are the most studied areas and where higher levels of MPs and PPCPs have been detected. The paucity of data for most other deep-sea ecosystems indicates that many more locations are likely to be contaminated by these emerging stressors, but the absence of studies hampers a better assessment of the potential risk. The main knowledge gaps in the field are identified and discussed, and future research priorities are highlighted to improve hazard and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Pinheiro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Martins
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Teresa Neuparth
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Miguel M Santos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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9
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van der Grient JMA, Drazen JC. Evaluating deep-sea communities' susceptibility to mining plumes using shallow-water data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158162. [PMID: 35988633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) are a major stressor across aquatic habitats. Here, the literature was synthesized to show that animal responses to increases in relative SSC (test concentration/natural background concentration) were similar in type and negative across different shallow-water (marine, estuarine, freshwater) habitats. Further, animal sensitivities are similar across habitats based on relative SSC and occur starting at low relative SSC increases in all habitats despite differences in natural background SSC. Based upon these similarities in relative SSC sensitivities, deep-sea sensitivity values for acute exposure to increased SSC, where empirical data are almost non-existent, were estimated. Because of the low natural SSC in deep sea environments, very small increases in absolute SSC could result in acute effects. How the methods and results can be used to inform regulatory thresholds are discussed. Because of the large variability in shallow water datasets and differences between deep-sea and shallow-water habitats, deep-sea specific data are needed to verify the estimates and improve their precision. Following the precautionary principle and the results presented here, it is recommended that the threshold for acute plume impacts is set very close to natural background levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M A van der Grient
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1000 Pope Road, Marine Sciences Building, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - J C Drazen
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1000 Pope Road, Marine Sciences Building, Honolulu, HI, USA
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10
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Doyle D, Sundh H, Almroth BC. Microplastic exposure in aquatic invertebrates can cause significant negative effects compared to natural particles - A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120434. [PMID: 36273689 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have now reported adverse effects of exposure to microplastics in aquatic organisms. Still, relatively few studies have compared the effects of MPs with those of natural particle controls, which makes it difficult to separate particle effects from chemical effects. In this study, we carry out a meta-analysis of 26 studies to compare the effects of MPs and natural particles on aquatic animals using three different endpoints - growth, reproduction, and mortality. This analysis showed that MPs have the capacity to induce more adverse effects on growth, reproduction, and mortality for some taxonomic groups. However, the effects of exposure to MPs are not consistent across each endpoint or between taxonomic groups. We were not able to clearly discern differing impacts resulting from exposure to specific polymer types or shapes, though more negative effects were associated with polylactic acid and polyethylene, as well as fragments as opposed to beads or fibres. Additionally, meta-regression indicated that larger MP sizes, higher experimental temperatures, and longer exposure periods were all generally associated with more adverse effects. Future studies should continue to make use of negative particle controls to allow for better risk assessment of microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh Doyle
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Medicinaregatan 18A, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Sundh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Medicinaregatan 18A, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bethanie Carney Almroth
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Medicinaregatan 18A, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Courtice G, Bauer B, Cahill C, Naser G, Paul A. Suspended sediment releases in rivers: Toward establishing a safe sediment dose for construction projects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157685. [PMID: 35908698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of suspended sediment (SS) exposures on aquatic ecosystems have been well documented. Integrating this knowledge into the management plans of in-stream construction projects that cause SS releases remains challenging. Commonly, these projects have fixed scopes that require decisions about trade-offs between elevated SS concentrations (SSC, mg∙L-1) and duration of exposure (DoE, h). Constraining SSC to levels below a regulatory guideline may lead to an increase in project duration, while extended SS exposure times have uncertain environmental impacts and reduce project efficiency. This paper evaluates an alternative limit of SS dose (SSD, mg∙h∙L-1), which is defined herein as the product of SSC and DoE, as a more useful regulatory guideline compared to maximum SSC for fixed scope projects. Managing SSD may lead to improved outcomes for project efficiency without jeopardizing environmental health. A dose-response model for salmonids is developed to contrast this approach with more common regulatory limits applied to fixed scope projects that focus on managing SS releases using maximum SSC values within a given time interval. Results demonstrate that the latter constrain the management operating space to a subset of the acceptable range of exposures, which may reduce project efficiency and increase environmental risk. Based on simulated predictions for mean salmonid probabilities of major physiological and lethal effects, an SSD limit of 600 mg∙h∙L-1 may offer a conservative upper range of SSC and DoE values when managing salmonid populations, according to a common regulatory guideline for short-term exposures to not exceed 25 mg∙L-1 over 24 h. This SSD limit would increase the available operating space to enhance project efficiency by not overly constraining SSC. The methods developed in this study may be used to evaluate other SS management limits by undertaking Monte Carlo simulations using dose-response models fit to available datasets to assess acceptable operating ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Courtice
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Bernard Bauer
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Geographic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Christopher Cahill
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Gholemreza Naser
- School of Engineering, Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg, PA 17257, United States of America
| | - Andrew Paul
- Alberta Environment and Parks, Cochrane T3L 1S4, Canada
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12
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Adeyeni SA, Adewole HA, Lawal BM, Ogundepo GE, Obuotor EM, Olaleye VF, Adeoye AE, Odufuwa PT. Growth performance and activities of some liver enzymes in Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 juveniles cultured in a water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart] Solms-Laubach) infested media. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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13
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Pham LH, Tran DD, Le TDH, Dinh QT, Khoi DN, Hue NTT, Au NH, Anh DT, Quan NH. Dynamic multivariate analysis for pollution assessment and river habitat conservation in the Vietnamese La Buong watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:774. [PMID: 36255503 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of temporal patterns of high-dimensional time-series water quality data is essential for pollution management worldwide. This study has applied dynamic factor analysis (DFA) and cluster analysis (CA) to analyze time-series water quality data monitored at the five stations installed along the La Buong river in Southern Vietnam. Application of the DFA identified two types of temporal patterns, one of the run-off driven parameters (total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, and iron) and the other of diffuse source pollution. The association of the variables like BOD5 and COD at most stations to the run-off-driven parameters revealed their sharing of drivers. On the contrary, separating variables like phosphate (PO43) at the three upstream stations from the run-off patterns suggested their local point-source origin. The DFA-derived factors were later used in the time-point CA to explore the seasonality of water quality parameters and their pollution intensities compared to regulatory levels. The result suggested intensification in wet season of Fe, TSS, BOD5, and COD concentrations at most sites, which are unobservable in run-off detached parameters like reactive nitrogen, phosphate (PO43-), and E. coli. These findings generated robust insights to support water quality management for river habitat conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Hong Pham
- Center of Water Management and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 01 Marie Curie, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dung Duc Tran
- Center of Water Management and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 01 Marie Curie, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Trong Dieu Hien Le
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, University of Thu Dau Mot, 06 Tran Van On street, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong, 820000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Toan Dinh
- Department of Science and Technology of Thanh Hoa, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Dao Nguyen Khoi
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Str., Dist. 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Hue
- Center of Water Management and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 01 Marie Curie, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hai Au
- Institute of Environment and Resources, National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duong Tran Anh
- HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu Street, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hong Quan
- Center of Water Management and Climate Change, Institute of Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 01 Marie Curie, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Institute for Circular Economy Development (ICED), Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 01 Marie Curie, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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14
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Brown CJM, Curry RA, Gray MA, Lento J, MacLatchy DL, Monk WA, Pavey SA, St-Hilaire A, Wegscheider B, Munkittrick KR. Considering Fish as Recipients of Ecosystem Services Provides a Framework to Formally Link Baseline, Development, and Post-operational Monitoring Programs and Improve Aquatic Impact Assessments for Large Scale Developments. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 70:350-367. [PMID: 35596789 PMCID: PMC9252955 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-022-01665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In most countries, major development projects must satisfy an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process that considers positive and negative aspects to determine if it meets environmental standards and appropriately mitigates or offsets negative impacts on the values being considered. The benefits of before-after-control-impact monitoring designs have been widely known for more than 30 years, but most development assessments fail to effectively link pre- and post-development monitoring in a meaningful way. Fish are a common component of EIA evaluation for both socioeconomic and scientific reasons. The Ecosystem Services (ES) concept was developed to describe the ecosystem attributes that benefit humans, and it offers the opportunity to develop a framework for EIA that is centred around the needs of and benefits from fish. Focusing an environmental monitoring framework on the critical needs of fish could serve to better align risk, development, and monitoring assessment processes. We define the ES that fish provide in the context of two common ES frameworks. To allow for linkages between environmental assessment and the ES concept, we describe critical ecosystem functions from a fish perspective to highlight potential monitoring targets that relate to fish abundance, diversity, health, and habitat. Finally, we suggest how this framing of a monitoring process can be used to better align aquatic monitoring programs across pre-development, development, and post-operational monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J M Brown
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - R Allen Curry
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Michelle A Gray
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Lento
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Deborah L MacLatchy
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Wendy A Monk
- Environment and Climate Change Canada @ Canadian Rivers Institute, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Scott A Pavey
- Department of Biological Sciences and Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - André St-Hilaire
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bernhard Wegscheider
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution and the Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute of Science and Technology (EAWAG), Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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15
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Bylak A, Kukuła K. Impact of fine-grained sediment on mountain stream macroinvertebrate communities: Forestry activities and beaver-induced sediment management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155079. [PMID: 35398428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine-grained sediments are a natural component of river systems. Human activities generate additional sources of fine sediment. In mountainous areas, the anthropogenic inputs of fine sediments are associated with forestry. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the macroinvertebrate communities between the reference and caused by forest harvesting activities increased influx of fine-sediment to mountain streams. The tested hypothesis was that the macroinvertebrate communities will differ depending on the intensity of forest harvesting practices in the stream catchment that causes excessive influx of fine sediment into the stream. The reintroduction of beavers in the study area, and the formation of in-stream beaver dams, contribute the accumulation of sediments in stream sections with slower water. Thus, it was also assumed that by capturing and storing fine sediments, may contribute to the restoration of the natural structure of the benthic communities downstream of the ponds. The study was carried out in a mountain stream catchment area (Carpathians, Poland), in which inflow of fine sediments in the stream sections varied in intensity. The study was conducted over three years (2018-2020). The extensive use of forest roads, timber skidding trails, and timber storage areas produced fine sediments that clogged the interstitial spaces between the stones in the riffles, limiting the presence of rheophilic taxa associated with coarse-grained substrates. The reduction of the number of scrapers and shredders (i.e. primary consumers) associated with the influx of fine sediments may significantly affect the entire food-web structure in stream ecosystems. The capture and deposition of fine sediments in beaver ponds may accelerate the revitalisation of the flowing sections of the stream. Beaver-induced sediment management is strongly recommended as a beneficial practice that could contribute to ecological preservation and the potential of streams, particularly in mountain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Bylak
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kukuła
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszów, Poland.
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16
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Leppi JC, Rinella DJ, Wipfli MS, Whitman MS. Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) isotopic niches: Stable isotopes reveal diverse foraging strategies and habitat use in Arctic Alaska. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270474. [PMID: 35881611 PMCID: PMC9321764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological niche of some fishes is complicated by their frequent use of a broad range of food resources and habitats across space and time. Little is known about Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) ecological niches in Arctic landscapes even though they are an important subsistence species for Alaska’s Indigenous communities. We investigated the foraging ecology and habitat use of Broad Whitefish via stable isotope analyses of muscle and liver tissue and otoliths from mature fish migrating in the Colville River within Arctic Alaska. The range of δ13C (-31.8– -21.9‰) and δ15N (6.6–13.1‰) across tissue types and among individuals overlapped with isotope values previously observed in Arctic lakes and rivers, estuaries, and nearshore marine habitat. The large range of δ18O (4.5–10.9‰) and δD (-237.6– -158.9‰) suggests fish utilized a broad spectrum of habitats across elevational and latitudinal gradients. Cluster analysis of muscle δ13Cˈ, δ15N, δ18O, and δD indicated that Broad Whitefish occupied four different foraging niches that relied on marine and land-based (i.e., freshwater and terrestrial) food sources to varying degrees. Most individuals had isotopic signatures representative of coastal freshwater habitat (Group 3; 25%) or coastal lagoon and delta habitat (Group 1; 57%), while individuals that mainly utilized inland freshwater (Group 4; 4%) and nearshore marine habitats (Group 2; 14%) represented smaller proportions. Otolith microchemistry confirmed that individuals with more enriched muscle tissue δ13Cˈ, δD, and δ18O tended to use marine habitats, while individuals that mainly used freshwater habitats had values that were less enriched. The isotopic niches identified here represent important foraging habitats utilized by Broad Whitefish. To preserve access to these diverse habitats it will be important to limit barriers along nearshore areas and reduce impacts like roads and climate change on natural flow regimes. Maintaining these diverse connected habitats will facilitate long-term population stability, buffering populations from future environmental and anthropogenic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Leppi
- Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
- Research Department, The Wilderness Society, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Daniel J. Rinella
- Anchorage Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Wipfli
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Whitman
- Arctic District Office, Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
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17
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Luis Val A, Wood CM. Global change and physiological challenges for fish of the Amazon today and in the near future. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:275450. [PMID: 35582942 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.216440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Amazonia is home to 15% (>2700, in 18 orders) of all the freshwater fish species of the world, many endemic to the region, has 65 million years of evolutionary history and accounts for 20% of all freshwater discharge to the oceans. These characteristics make Amazonia a unique region in the world. We review the geological history of the environment, its current biogeochemistry and the evolutionary forces that led to the present endemic fish species that are distributed amongst three very different water types: black waters [acidic, ion-poor, rich in dissolved organic carbon (DOC)], white waters (circumneutral, particle-rich) and clear waters (circumneutral, ion-poor, DOC-poor). The annual flood pulse is the major ecological driver for fish, providing feeding, breeding and migration opportunities, and profoundly affecting O2, CO2 and DOC regimes. Owing to climate change and other anthropogenic pressures such as deforestation, pollution and governmental mismanagement, Amazonia is now in crisis. The environment is becoming hotter and drier, and more intense and frequent flood pulses are now occurring, with greater variation between high and low water levels. Current projections are that Amazon waters of the near future will be even hotter, more acidic, darker (i.e. more DOC, more suspended particles), higher in ions, higher in CO2 and lower in O2, with many synergistic effects. We review current physiological information on Amazon fish, focusing on temperature tolerance and ionoregulatory strategies for dealing with acidic and ion-poor environments. We also discuss the influences of DOC and particles on gill function, the effects of high dissolved CO2 and low dissolved O2, with emphasis on water- versus air-breathing mechanisms, and strategies for pH compensation. We conclude that future elevations in water temperature will be the most critical factor, eliminating many species. Climate change will likely favour predominantly water-breathing species with low routine metabolic rates, low temperature sensitivity of routine metabolic rates, high anaerobic capacity, high hypoxia tolerance and high thermal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Brazil, 69080-971
| | - Chris M Wood
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaV6T 1Z4.,Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaL8S 4K1
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18
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Leppi JC, Rinella DJ, Wipfli MS, Brown RJ, Spaleta KJ, Whitman MS. Strontium isotopes reveal diverse life history variations, migration patterns, and habitat use for Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in Arctic, Alaska. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0259921. [PMID: 35499986 PMCID: PMC9060380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation of Arctic fish species is challenging partly due to our limited ability to track fish through time and space, which constrains our understanding of life history diversity and lifelong habitat use. Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) is an important subsistence species for Alaska's Arctic Indigenous communities, yet little is known about life history diversity, migration patterns, and freshwater habitat use. Using laser ablation Sr isotope otolith microchemistry, we analyzed Colville River Broad Whitefish 87Sr/86Sr chronologies (n = 61) to reconstruct movements and habitat use across the lives of individual fish. We found evidence of at least six life history types, including three anadromous types, one semi-anadromous type, and two nonanadromous types. Anadromous life history types comprised a large proportion of individuals sampled (collectively, 59%) and most of these (59%) migrated to sea between ages 0-2 and spent varying durations at sea. The semi-anadromous life history type comprised 28% of samples and entered marine habitat as larvae. Nonanadromous life history types comprised the remainder (collectively, 13%). Otolith 87Sr/86Sr data from juvenile and adult freshwater stages suggest that habitat use changed in association with age, seasons, and life history strategies. This information on Broad Whitefish life histories and habitat use across time and space will help managers and conservation planners better understand the risks of anthropogenic impacts and help conserve this vital subsistence resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Leppi
- Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
- Research Department, The Wilderness Society, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Rinella
- Fish and Wildlife Field Conservation Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Wipfli
- U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Randy J. Brown
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks Fish and Aquatic Conservation Office, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Karen J. Spaleta
- Alaska Stable Isotope Facility, Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Whitman
- Arctic District Office, Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
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19
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20
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Chenoweth J, Bakker JD, Acker SA. Planting, seeding, and sediment impact restoration success following dam removal. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Chenoweth
- Olympic National Park 600 E. Park Avenue Port Angeles WA 98362 U.S.A
- Fisheries Yurok Tribe 190 Klamath Blvd Klamath CA 95548‐1027 U.S.A
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 U.S.A
| | - Steven A. Acker
- United States Forest Service, Mt. Hood National Forest 16400 Champion Way Sandy OR 97055 U.S.A
- 156 SE 75th Avenue Portland OR 97215 U.S.A
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21
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Courtice G, Bauer B, Cahill C, Naser G, Paul A. A categorical assessment of dose-response dynamics for managing suspended sediment effects on salmonids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150844. [PMID: 34627878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the consequences of exposure to fine-grained suspended sediments (SS) on aquatic organisms. Exposure has two components-concentration and duration-and can be expressed as dose, where we define suspended sediment dose (SSD: mg·h·L-1) as the product of suspended sediment concentration (SSC: mg·L-1) and duration of exposure (DoE: h). We evaluated these three measurement endpoints for managing SS effects on salmonids by assembling and analyzing all published SS dose-response observations. Despite a prevalence in SS management guidelines for using SSC as a primary endpoint to manage SS effects on salmonids, SSC was found to be less effective than SSD or DoE as a predictor variable for the available dose-response observations. We used data visualization to identify trends and distinct response categories that were then evaluated using a logistic regression model that accounts for nested observations by study. The model estimates the probability of moving from behavioural to major physiological and lethal responses in the available literature, as explained by one or more predictor variables, including ln(SSC), ln(DoE), ln(SSD), and life stage (adult versus juvenile). Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to compare model fit and classification performance, respectively, among alternative models. The best performing model as judged by AIC and ROC incorporated ln(SSD) as the predictor variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Courtice
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Bernard Bauer
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Geographic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Christopher Cahill
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gholemreza Naser
- School of Engineering, Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg, PA 17257, United States of America
| | - Andrew Paul
- Alberta Environment and Parks, Cochrane T3L 1S4, Canada
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22
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Miró JM, Megina C, Donázar-Aramendía I, García-Gómez JC. Effects of maintenance dredging on the macrofauna of the water column in a turbid estuary. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151304. [PMID: 34743819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many human activities in or near aquatic habitats generate alterations in their environmental conditions, which could affect the organisms that inhabit them. Maintenance dredging of navigation channels in order to allow large ships access to inland ports is one such source of disturbance. In this study, by taking multiple approaches (immediate-, short- and medium term), we analysed the effects of a maintenance dredging operation on physiochemical variables and the early life stages of fish and other macrofauna groups present in two zones of the Guadalquivir estuary with different salinity ranges (poly- and mesohaline). Most physiochemical variables were homogenized in the water column immediately after the water mass passed by the dredger, including sediment resuspension. However, this process seemed to be transient as no significant increments in the depth-averaged levels of turbidity were observed in the short- and medium-terms. Instead, metal concentrations of Cr, Fe and Zn increased in the polyhaline station. Even so, these perturbations did not appear to be severe enough to influence the macrofauna. Still, organisms can suffer direct mechanical impacts of the trailer suction. Hyperbenthic species, like Pomatoshcistus spp. or decapods, tended to decrease slightly, while pelagic species such as Engraulis encrasicolus or mysids did not, indicating that benthic organisms are usually more susceptible to high entrainment. Nonetheless, the possible effects of this disturbance were of the same order or less than those of natural ones; therefore, organisms of the macrofauna could be well adapted to cope with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Miró
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R + D + I Biological Research Area, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - C Megina
- Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Seville Aquarium R + D + I Biological Research Area, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I Donázar-Aramendía
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R + D + I Biological Research Area, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J C García-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R + D + I Biological Research Area, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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23
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Burman AJ, Hedger RD, Hellström JGI, Andersson AG, Sundt-Hansen LE. Modelling the downstream longitudinal effects of frequent hydropeaking on the spawning potential and stranding susceptibility of salmonids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148999. [PMID: 34280623 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydropower plant operating conditions are expected to change to be more in tandem with intermittent power production so as to meet the requirements of the Paris Agreement, which in turn may negatively impact ecological conditions downstream of the hydropower plants. The current study investigates how highly flexible hydropower operating conditions may impact several salmonid species (European grayling, Atlantic salmon and brown trout) in the River Umeälven, a major river in northern Sweden; specifically, how changes in hydropeaking frequency may affect the area of the downstream watercourse that is hydraulically suitable for spawning (potential spawning area) and how changes in spill gate closing time may affect the propensity to stranding. River hydrodynamics were modeled using the open-source solver Delft3D, with a range of hydropeaking frequencies (from 10 to 60 starts and stops per day) and a range of spill gate closing times from (1-30 min). Increasing the hydropeaking frequency caused a reduction in potential spawning area, but also a reduction in dewatering of potential spawning area at low flows. Increasing spill gate closing time caused a decrease in propensity to stranding. Effects were dependent on both species and life-stage, and declined longitudinally with distance downstream from the spillway outlet. The modelling approach used here provides an effective method for predicting likely outcomes of flexible hydropower operating conditions, taking into account fish species and life-stages present and watercourse characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton J Burman
- Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Richard D Hedger
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research - NINA, NO-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - J Gunnar I Hellström
- Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Anders G Andersson
- Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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24
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Effects of River-Ice Breakup on Sediment Transport and Implications to Stream Environments: A Review. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13182541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
During the breakup of river ice covers, a greater potential for erosion occurs due to rising discharge and moving ice and the highly dynamic waves that form upon ice-jam release. Consequently, suspended-sediment concentrations can increase sharply and peak before the arrival of the peak flow. Large spikes in sediment concentrations occasionally occur during the passage of sharp waves resulting from releases of upstream ice jams and the ensuing ice runs. This is important, as river form and function (both geomorphologic and ecological) depend upon sediment erosion and deposition. Yet, sediment monitoring programs often overlook the higher suspended-sediment concentrations and loads that occur during the breakup period owing to data-collection difficulties in the presence of moving ice and ice jams. In this review paper, we introduce basics of river sediment erosion and transport and of relevant phenomena that occur during the breakup of river ice. Datasets of varying volume and detail on measured and inferred suspended-sediment concentrations during the breakup period on different rivers are reviewed and compared. Possible effects of river characteristics on seasonal sediment supply are discussed, and the implications of increased sediment supply are reviewed based on seasonal comparisons. The paper also reviews the environmental significance of increased sediment supply both on water quality and ecosystem functionality.
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Modelling of sediment yield using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model: A case study of the Chanchaga Watersheds, Nigeria. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Farkas J, Nordtug T, Svendheim LH, Amico ED, Davies EJ, Ciesielski T, Jenssen BM, Kristensen T, Olsvik PA, Hansen BH. Effects of mine tailing exposure on early life stages of cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111447. [PMID: 34102163 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mining and processing of minerals produce large quantities of tailings as waste. Some countries, including Norway, allow disposal of mine tailings in the sea. In this study we investigated the impacts of tailings from a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) processing plant on early live stages of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Fish eggs (3 days post fertilisation; dpf) were exposed for 48 h to three concentrations of tailings, nominally 1 mg L-1 (low, L); 10 mg L-1 (medium, M) and 100 mg L-1 (high, H); with L and M representing concentrations occurring at tailing release points. Results show that tailings rapidly adhered to eggs of both species, causing negative buoyancy (sinking of eggs) in M and H exposures. While tailings remained on egg surfaces in both species also after exposure termination, adhesion seemed more pronounced in cod, leading to larger impacts on buoyancy even after exposure. Tailing exposure further induced early hatching and significantly reduced survival in M and H exposed embryos in both fish species, and in cod from the L exposure group. Moreover, tailing exposure caused reduced survival and malformations in larvae, potentially related to premature hatching. This study shows that mineral particles adhere to haddock and cod eggs, affecting egg buoyancy, survival and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Farkas
- SINTEF Ocean, Climate and Environment, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Trond Nordtug
- SINTEF Ocean, Climate and Environment, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Elettra D Amico
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Emlyn J Davies
- SINTEF Ocean, Climate and Environment, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomasz Ciesielski
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Pål A Olsvik
- Nord University, Universitetsalléen 11, 8026, Bodø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Henrik Hansen
- SINTEF Ocean, Climate and Environment, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
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27
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Firth BL, Drake DAR, Power M. Seasonal and environmental effects on upper thermal limits of eastern sand darter ( Ammocrypta pellucida). CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab057. [PMID: 35928053 PMCID: PMC8336138 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic stressors are predicted to increase water temperature, which can influence physiological, individual, and population processes in fishes. We assessed the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) of eastern sand darter (Ammocrypta pellucida), a small benthic fish listed as threatened under the Species at Risk Act in Canada. Field trials were conducted stream side June-November 2019 in the Grand River, Ontario, to encompass a range of ambient water temperatures (7-25°C) for which agitation temperature (Tag) and CTmax were determined. Additional measures were taken in the comparatively more turbid Thames River to test the effect of turbidity on both measures. In the Grand, Tag and CTmax ranged from 23°C to 33°C and 27°C to 37°C, respectively, and both significantly increased with ambient water temperature, with a high acclimation response ratio (0.49). The thermal safety margin (difference between ambient temperatures and CTmax) was smallest in July and August (~11°C) indicating that eastern sand darter lives closer to its physiological limit in summer. The between-river comparison indicated that turbidity had no significant influence on Tag and CTmax. Comparison of CTmax with in-river temperatures suggested that mean stream temperature 24 hours before the trial was most important for determining CTmax. Fish mass, temperature variance and maximum temperature in the 24-hour period prior to the CTmax trial were also shown to have some effect on determining CTmax. Overall, study results better define the sensitivity of eastern sand darter to temperature changes across the growing season and provide information to assess the availability of suitable thermal habitat for conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney L Firth
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - D Andrew R Drake
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Michael Power
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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28
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Motiei A, Ogonowski M, Reichelt S, Gorokhova E. Ecotoxicological assessment of suspended solids: The importance of biofilm and particle aggregation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 280:116888. [PMID: 33773304 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of microplastic impacts in biota is challenging due to the complex behavior of the test particles and their interactions with other particulates, including microorganisms, in the environment. To disentangle responses to microplastic exposure from those to other suspended solids, both microplastic and natural particles must be present in the test system. We evaluated how microplastic, non-plastic particles, and biofilms interacted in their effects on survivorship using acute toxicity assay with Daphnia magna. The animals were exposed to microplastic and kaolin at different concentrations of suspended solids (SS; 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L) with a varying microplastic contribution (%MP; 0-80%) and biofilm (presence/absence) associated with the solids. Also, we examined how these exposure parameters (SS, %MP, and Biofilm) affected aggregate formation that was analyzed using particle size distribution data. Under the exposure conditions, Daphnia mortality was primarily driven by SS concentration but ameliorated by both microplastic and biofilm. The ameliorating effects were related to increased particle aggregation in the presence of biofilm and high %MP. In addition, a weak yet significant positive effect of the biofilm on the survivorship was observed, presumably, due to microbial food supply to the daphniids in the exposure system; the bacteria were utilized at the absence of other food. Therefore, the effects of both natural and anthropogenic particulates depend on the particle behavior and aggregation in the water governed by microbial communities and physicochemical properties of the particles, which must be taken into account in the hazard assessment of plastic litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asa Motiei
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Ogonowski
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; SLU Aqua - Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 178 93, Drottningholm, Sweden.
| | - Sophia Reichelt
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Altieri P, Paz LE, Jensen RF, Donadelli J, Capítulo AR. Transplanting macrophytes as a rehabilitation technique for lowland streams and their influence on macroinvertebrate assemblages. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20191029. [PMID: 34231754 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lowland streams are usually affected by river engineering works that produce the loss of habitat heterogeneity. Our aim was to assess the transplantation of macrophytes with different complexity into a lowland stream which was dredged and widened. Stuckenia pectinata and Hydrocleys nymphoides were collected at an extraction site and installed at a transplant site. The growth and coverage of macrophytes beds were quantified. Taxonomic richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity, abundance, composition and proportion of functional feeding groups of the macroinvertebrate assemblage presented in macrophyte beds were assessed between sites and species. The growth of both macrophytes did not differ significantly between sites and the coverage of transplanted beds increased, therefore they established at the transplant site within a short period. Regarding to macroinvertebrate assemblage, only the functional feeding groups did not show differences between sites. Moreover, the proportion of predators presented differences between macrophytes at the same site, with H. nymphoides having a higher proportion. Our study showed that this technique is suitable for reintroducing these species and is applicable in rehabilitation projects that promote the restoration of habitat heterogeneity deteriorated by river engineering works. Also, we highlight the importance of incorporate macroinvertebrate functional traits to assess the ecological status after rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Altieri
- Instituto de Limnología, Dr.-Raúl A. Ringuelet (ILPLA) (CONICET La Plata, UNLP) C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Laura E Paz
- Instituto de Limnología, Dr.-Raúl A. Ringuelet (ILPLA) (CONICET La Plata, UNLP) C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Roberto F Jensen
- Instituto de Limnología, Dr.-Raúl A. Ringuelet (ILPLA) (CONICET La Plata, UNLP) C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Donadelli
- Instituto de Limnología, Dr.-Raúl A. Ringuelet (ILPLA) (CONICET La Plata, UNLP) C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alberto Rodrigues Capítulo
- Instituto de Limnología, Dr.-Raúl A. Ringuelet (ILPLA) (CONICET La Plata, UNLP) C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. C.C 712-1900, La Plata, Argentina
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30
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V. Capparelli M, Cabrera M, Rico A, Lucas-Solis O, Alvear-S D, Vasco S, Galarza E, Shiguango L, Pinos-Velez V, Pérez-González A, Espinosa R, M. Moulatlet G. An Integrative Approach to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining Contamination in the Amazon. TOXICS 2021; 9:149. [PMID: 34206785 PMCID: PMC8309824 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9070149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As the number of legal and illegal gold mining sites increases in the Andes-Amazonia region, integrative methods to evaluate the effects of mining pollution on freshwater ecosystems are of paramount importance. Here, we sampled water and sediments in 11 sites potentially affected by gold mining activities in the Napo province (Ecuador). The environmental impacts were evaluated using the following lines of evidence (LOEs): water physicochemical parameters, metal exposure concentrations, macroinvertebrate community response (AAMBI), and toxicity by conducting bioassays with Lactuca sativa and Daphnia magna. Dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids were under (<80%) and above (>130 mg/Ls) quality standards 65% of the sites. Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in water and V, B, and Cr in sediments were detected above quality standards at sampled sites. Nine out of eleven sites were classified as having bad environmental quality based on the AAMBI. L. sativa seed germination in both water (37% to 70%) and sediment (0% to 65%) indicate significant toxicity. In five sites, neonates of D. magna showed a 25% reduction in survival compared to the control. Our integrated LOEs index ranked sites regarding their environmental degradation. We recommend environmental impact monitoring of the mining expansion at the Andes-Amazonia region using multiple LOEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana V. Capparelli
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología-Estación El Carmen, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad del Carmen 24157, Mexico
| | - Marcela Cabrera
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
- Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia Del Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Oscar Lucas-Solis
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Daniela Alvear-S
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Samantha Vasco
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (S.V.); (R.E.)
| | - Emily Galarza
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Lady Shiguango
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Veronica Pinos-Velez
- Departamento de Recursos Hídricos y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010202, Ecuador;
- Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010202, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Pérez-González
- Grupo de Investigación en Quimiometría y QSAR, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca 010204, Ecuador;
| | - Rodrigo Espinosa
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (S.V.); (R.E.)
| | - Gabriel M. Moulatlet
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150150, Ecuador; (M.V.C.); (M.C.); (O.L.-S.); (D.A.-S.); (E.G.); (L.S.)
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31
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Tretyakova MO, Vardavas AI, Vardavas CI, Iatrou EI, Stivaktakis PD, Burykina TI, Mezhuev YO, Tsatsakis AM, Golokhvast KS. Effects of coal microparticles on marine organisms: A review. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1207-1219. [PMID: 34189057 PMCID: PMC8220176 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coal dust is a source of pollution not only for atmospheric air but also for the marine environment. In places of storage and handling of coal near water bodies, visible pollution of the water area can be observed. Coal, despite its natural origin, can be referred to as anthropogenic sources of pollution. If coal microparticles enter the marine environment, it may cause both physical and toxic effects on organisms. The purpose of this review is to assess the stage of knowledge of the impact of coal particles on marine organisms, to identify the main factors affecting them, and to define advanced research directions. The results presented in the review have shown that coal dust in seawater is generally not an inert substance for marine organisms, and there is a need for further study of the impact of coal dust particles on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Tretyakova
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - A I Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - C I Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - E I Iatrou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - P D Stivaktakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - T I Burykina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Y O Mezhuev
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - K S Golokhvast
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Pacific Institute of Geography FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnology RAS, Krasnoobsk, Russian Federation
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32
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Canedo A, Rocha TL. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) using as model for genotoxicity and DNA repair assessments: Historical review, current status and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144084. [PMID: 33383303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic pollutants lead to both DNA damage and changes in cell repair mechanisms. Selecting suitable biomonitors is a fundamental step in genotoxicity studies. Thus, zebrafish have become a popular model used to assess the genotoxicity of different pollutants in recent years. They have orthologous genes with humans and hold almost all genes involved in different repair pathways. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to summarize the existing literature on zebrafish using as model system to assess the genotoxicity of different pollutants. Revised data have shown that comet assay is the main technique adopted in these studies. However, it is necessary standardizing the technique applied to zebrafish in order to enable better result interpretation and comparisons. Overall, pollutants lead to single-strand breaks (SSB), double-strand breaks (DSB), adduct formation, as well as to changes in the expression of genes involved in repair mechanisms. Although analyzing repair mechanisms is essential to better understand the genotoxic effects caused by pollutants, few studies have analyzed repair capacity. The current review reinforces the need of conducting further studies on the role played by repair pathways in zebrafish subjected to DNA damage. Revised data have shown that zebrafish are a suitable model to assess pollutant-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryelle Canedo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil..
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33
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Lonsdale JA, Blake S, Griffith A. A novel systematic, risk based approach to support the designation of aquatic disposal sites. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111874. [PMID: 33310542 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Humans rely fundamentally on the marine environment, which is at the same time subject to an increasingly broad range of anthropogenic pressures, leading to growing concerns and the need for effective management for marine protection. One activity is the dredging of ports and harbours which is necessary to maintain safe channels for commercial and recreational navigation. Regulatory authorities in developing countries have few resources to conduct full EIAs for determining dredged material disposal sites but are required to do so under international obligations. The Tool in this paper provides an effective, pragmatic, transparent, consistent, and robust approach to protect the environment whilst using limited technical and scientific resources through a risk based approach to defining need, characterising and designating disposal sites at sea for dredged material. Whilst this approach for dredged material disposal sites was developed for use in UK, this process is equally applicable to other waste types, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma-Anne Lonsdale
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Sylvia Blake
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew Griffith
- Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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34
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Donázar-Aramendía I, Sánchez-Moyano JE, García-Asencio I, Miró JM, Megina C, García-Gómez JC. Environmental consequences of dredged-material disposal in a recurrent marine dumping area near to Guadalquivir estuary, Spain. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111736. [PMID: 33075696 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study we assessed the effects of the recurrent disposal of dredged material from the Guadalquivir estuary (south-western Spain) in a marine disposal area. We analysed shifts in sediment characteristics as well as bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals through the benthic food web. Results showed that the significant increase in concentration of some heavy metals observed in the marine disposal area after the latest disposal event could be attributed to the deposition of river-dredged sediments. This increase could also explain the decreased amphipod survival in the ecotoxicology analysis. Heavy metal concentrations in organisms indicated some bioaccumulation in deposit feeders and predators but with no clear patterns nor biomagnification through the food web. Hence, combining studies that monitor shifts in sediment characteristics and their possible consequences for the food web seems to be an interesting approach that should be assessed further in this type of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Donázar-Aramendía
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - J E Sánchez-Moyano
- Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - I García-Asencio
- Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J M Miró
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - C Megina
- Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J C García-Gómez
- Laboratorio Biología Marina, Seville Aquarium R+D+I Biological Research Area., Dpto. Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avd. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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35
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Predicting the Impact of Climate Change on Freshwater Fish Distribution by Incorporating Water Flow Rate and Quality Variables. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122310001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, water flow rate and quality variables that restrict freshwater fish distribution were incorporated in species distribution modeling to evaluate the impacts of climate change. A maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to predict the distribution of 76 fish species in the present (2012–2014) and in the future (2025–2035 and 2045–2055) based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios for five major river basins (Han, Nakdong, Geum, Seomjin, and Yeongsan) in South Korea. The accuracy of MaxEnt performance was improved from 0.905 to 0.933, and from 0.843 to 0.864 in the model training and test, respectively, by introducing flow rate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS). TSS and TP were ranked as the second and fourth contributing parameters, respectively, among the 17 variables considered in this study. There was a greater decline in species richness index under scenario RCP 8.5 than under scenario RCP 4.5, and in 2050 compared with 2030. However, the tolerance guild index (TGI) was predicted to improve in the future. The increase in TGI coupled with the decrease in species richness index (SRI), indicated that climate change is likely to have adverse effects on freshwater fish. Notably, the habitat of Korean spotted barbel (Hemibarbus mylodon), an endemic species of South Korea, is expected to contract largely in 2050 based on the RCP 8.5 scenario. These findings demonstrate that the incorporation of flow rate and water quality parameters into climatic variables can improve the prediction of freshwater fish distribution under climate change.
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36
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Su MH, Azwar E, Yang Y, Sonne C, Yek PNY, Liew RK, Cheng CK, Show PL, Lam SS. Simultaneous removal of toxic ammonia and lettuce cultivation in aquaponic system using microwave pyrolysis biochar. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122610. [PMID: 32298865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study examined an aquaponic approach of circulating water containing ammonia excretions from African catfish grown in an aquaculture tank for bacterial conversion into nitrates, which then acted as a nutrient substance to cultivate lettuce in hydroponic tank. We found that microwave pyrolysis biochar (450 g) having microporous (1.803 nm) and high BET surface area (419 m2/g) was suitable for use as biological carrier to grow nitrifying bacteria (63 g of biofilm mass) that treated the water quality through removing the ammonia (67%) and total suspended solids (68%), resulting in low concentration of remaining ammonia (0.42 mg/L) and total suspended solid (59.40 mg/L). It also increased the pH (6.8), converted the ammonia into nitrate (29.7 mg/L), and increased the nitrogen uptake by the lettuce (110 mg of nitrogen per plant), resulting in higher growth in lettuce (0.0562 %/day) while maintaining BOD5 level (3.94 mg/L) at acceptable level and 100% of catfish survival rate. Our results demonstrated that microwave pyrolysis biochar can be a promising solution for growing nitrifying bacteria in aquaponic system for simultaneous toxic ammonia remediation and generation of nitrate for growing vegetable in aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Huan Su
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Elfina Azwar
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - YaFeng Yang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Peter Nai Yuh Yek
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; School of Engineering and Technology, University College of Technology Sarawak, Lot 88, Persiaran Brooke, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- NV WESTERN PLT, No. 208B, Jalan Macalister, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang 10400, Malaysia
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang Kuantan, Pahang 26300, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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O'Connor JD, Mahon AM, Ramsperger AFRM, Trotter B, Redondo‐Hasselerharm PE, Koelmans AA, Lally HT, Murphy S. Microplastics in Freshwater Biota: A Critical Review of Isolation, Characterization, and Assessment Methods. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2020; 4:1800118. [PMID: 35910491 PMCID: PMC9332120 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater systems provide key pathways for microplastic (MP) pollution, and although existing studies have demonstrated the susceptibility of freshwater biota to ingestion, translocation, and trophic transfer, specific challenges pertaining to methodological standardization remain largely unresolved, particularly with respect to isolating, characterizing, and assessing MPs. Here, a critical review is performed outlining the challenges and limitations currently faced by freshwater MP researchers, which may well apply across the MP research spectrum. Recommendations are provided for methodological standardization, particularly in MP characterization, quality assurance, and quality control (QA/QC) procedures as well as reporting. Considerations for the assessment of MPs in freshwater biota as a means of improving comparisons between studies are discussed. Technological advancements, including the improvement of laboratory infrastructure for identifying MPs within the smaller size range as well as methodological standardization are essential in providing policy makers with tools and measures necessary to determine the distribution of MPs within freshwater ecosystems, while also allowing for comparability and providing compliance for future monitoring requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. O'Connor
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Anne Marie Mahon
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Anja F. R. M. Ramsperger
- Biological Physics GroupUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
- Department of Animal Ecology and BayCEERUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Benjamin Trotter
- Department of Animal Ecology and BayCEERUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Paula E. Redondo‐Hasselerharm
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupDepartment of Environmental ScienceWageningen University & Research CentreP.O. Box 476700AAWageningenNetherlands
| | - Albert A. Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupDepartment of Environmental ScienceWageningen University & Research CentreP.O. Box 476700AAWageningenNetherlands
| | - Heather T. Lally
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
| | - Sinéad Murphy
- Marine and Freshwater Research CentreDepartment of Natural ScienceSchool of Science & ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyDublin RoadGalwayH91 T8NWIreland
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Guerra CA, Rosa IMD, Valentini E, Wolf F, Filipponi F, Karger DN, Xuan AN, Mathieu J, Lavelle P, Eisenhauer N. Global vulnerability of soil ecosystems to erosion. LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY 2020; 35:823-842. [PMID: 32587435 PMCID: PMC7316572 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-020-00984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Soil erosion is one of the main threats driving soil degradation across the globe with important impacts on crop yields, soil biota, biogeochemical cycles, and ultimately human nutrition. OBJECTIVES Here, using an empirical model, we present a global and temporally explicit assessment of soil erosion risk according to recent (2001-2013) dynamics of rainfall and vegetation cover change to identify vulnerable areas for soils and soil biodiversity. METHODS We used an adaptation of the Universal Soil Loss Equation together with state of the art remote sensing models to create a spatially and temporally explicit global model of soil erosion and soil protection. Finally, we overlaid global maps of soil biodiversity to assess the potential vulnerability of these soil communities to soil erosion. RESULTS We show a consistent decline in soil erosion protection over time across terrestrial biomes, which resulted in a global increase of 11.7% in soil erosion rates. Notably, soil erosion risk systematically increased between 2006 and 2013 in relation to the baseline year (2001). Although vegetation cover is central to soil protection, this increase was mostly driven by changes in rainfall erosivity. Globally, soil erosion is expected not only to have an impact on the vulnerability of soil conditions but also on soil biodiversity with 6.4% (for soil macrofauna) and 7.6% (for soil fungi) of these vulnerable areas coinciding with regions with high soil biodiversity. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that an increasing proportion of soils are degraded globally, affecting not only livelihoods but also potentially degrading local and regional landscapes. Similarly, many degraded regions coincide with and may have impacted high levels of soil biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Guerra
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5E, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel M D Rosa
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwyned, Wales, UK
| | - Emiliana Valentini
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - Florian Wolf
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5E, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Federico Filipponi
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - Dirk N Karger
- Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Nguyen Xuan
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - Jerome Mathieu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UPEC, Paris 7, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Lavelle
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UPEC, Paris 7, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5E, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Kanellopoulos TD, Panagiotopoulos IP, Karageorgis AP, Kikaki A, Morfis I, Hatiris GA, Vandarakis D, Rousakis G, Kapsimalis V. Assessment of the physical impact of a short-term dredging operation on a semi-enclosed environment: South Euboean Gulf, Greece. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 192:14. [PMID: 31811395 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The potential influence of short-period (May-June 2012) dredging activities (for the installation of a submarine gas pipeline) on physical properties of the marine environment of two shallow-water sites in the Aliveri and Varnavas areas of South Euboean Gulf (Greece) has been evaluated. During the dredging operation in Varnavas, the induced dredge plume traveled up to ~ 750 m from the shoreline, featured by light attenuation coefficient (cp) maxima of 4.01-4.61 m-1 and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations up to 6.01 mg L-1. After dredging the previous parameters reduced to the ambient seawater condition, ~ 0.45 m-1 and < 2.8 mg L-1 on average, respectively. Likewise in Aliveri, the dredging-associated sediment plume drifted offshore up to ~ 400 m from the shoreline, characterized by cp maxima of 2.11-4.86 m-1 and SPM concentrations up to 13.07 mg L-1. After the completion of the excavation and trenching activities, the cp and SPM values were restored to the pre-disturbance condition, ~ 0.6 m-1 and < 2.2 mg L-1 on average, respectively. The migration of the dredge plume in both dredging sites was accomplished through the formation of intermediate and benthic nepheloid layers, whose development and evolution were governed by seawater stratification and flow regime. The dredging-derived SPM levels appeared to increase within a distance of no more than 300 m from the shoreline (near-field zone). Based on data from the literature, this SPM enhancement together with the deposition of a post-dredging residual mud veneer in the near-field zone could deteriorate local marine biota, but in a reversible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore D Kanellopoulos
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece.
| | - Ioannis P Panagiotopoulos
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
- Department of Historical Geology and Paleontology, University Campus, School of Science, Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Zografou, Greece
| | - Aristomenis P Karageorgis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Kikaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
- School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, Remote Sensing Lab, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, 15780, Zografou, Greece
| | - Ioannis Morfis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - Georgios-Angelos Hatiris
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
- Geography Department, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vandarakis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - Grigoris Rousakis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - Vasilios Kapsimalis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
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Crémazy A, Wood CM, Smith DS, Val AL. The Effects of Natural Suspended Solids on Copper Toxicity to the Cardinal Tetra in Amazonian River Waters. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2708-2718. [PMID: 31499591 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of particles on metal aquatic toxicity in a tropical system. To this end, we investigated the effects of natural suspended solids on copper (Cu) geochemistry and acute toxicity to the cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), in 2 Amazonian rivers with different total suspended solids (TSS) levels: the Rio Negro (low TSS ~ 8 mg L-1 ) and the Rio Solimões (high TSS ~ 70 mg L-1 ). The effect of particles on Cu aqueous geochemistry was assessed by measuring total, dissolved, and free ionic Cu concentrations in filtered (<0.45 μm) and unfiltered waters. Furthermore, acute Cu toxicity to fish was assessed in both filtered and unfiltered waters, by measuring physiological net fluxes of Na+ , Cl- , K+ , and total ammonia (in both river waters) and 96-h fish mortality (in Rio Solimões only). The particles in the Rio Negro were not abundant enough to play a significant role in our study. On the other hand, the Rio Solimões particles bound approximately 70% of total aqueous Cu in our tests. In agreement with bioavailability-based models, this decrease in dissolved (and free ionic) Cu concentration decreased Cu lethality in the 96-h toxicity tests. In the physiological measurements, the best evidence of particle protection was the total alleviation of Cu-induced Cl- losses. These flux tests also suggested that the particles themselves may negatively affect Na+ balance in the fish. Overall, the present study supports the use of bioavailability concepts to account for the role of natural suspended solids on metal biological effects in the Amazon River basin. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2708-2718. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Crémazy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris M Wood
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Scott Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adalberto L Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
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Investigation of Sediment-Rich Glacial Meltwater Plumes Using a High-Resolution Multispectral Sensor Mounted on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11112405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A Parrot Sequoia+ multispectral camera on a Parrot Bluegrass drone registered in four spectral bands (green, red, red edge (RE), and near-infrared (NIR)) to identify glacial outflow zones and determined the meltwater turbidity values in waters in front of the following Antarctic glaciers: Ecology, Dera Icefall, Zalewski, and Krak on King George Island, Southern Shetlands was used. This process was supported by a Red-Green-Blue (RGB) colour model from a Zenmuse X5 camera on an Inspire 2 quadcopter drone. Additional surface water turbidity measurements were carried out using a Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) sonde EXO2. From this research, it was apparent that for mapping low-turbidity and medium-turbidity waters (<70 formazinenephelometricunits (FNU)), a red spectral band should be used, since it is insensitive to possible surface ice phenomena and registers the presence of both red and white sediments. High-turbidity plumes with elevated FNU values should be identified through the NIR band. Strong correlation coefficients between the reflectance at particular bands and FNU readings (RGreen = 0.85, RRed = 0.85, REdge = 0.84, and RNIR = 0.83) are shown that multispectral mapping using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be successfully usedeven in the unfavourable weather conditions and harsh climate of Antarctica. Lastly, the movement of water masses in Admiralty Bay is briefly discussed and supported by the results from EXO2 measurements.
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Heightened levels and seasonal inversion of riverine suspended sediment in a tropical biodiversity hot spot due to artisanal gold mining. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23936-23941. [PMID: 31712422 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907842116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, rising gold prices have exacerbated the global proliferation of artisanal-scale gold mining (ASGM), with catastrophic consequences for human and ecological health. Much of this burgeoning industry has occurred in biodiversity hot spots, notably in the tropical forests of South America. While the loss of tropical forests and floodplains as a result of ASGM has been well characterized, ASGM impacts on riverine hydrological properties are less understood. Previous fieldwork on ASGM-affected and gully-eroded tropical streams and rivers has demonstrated that increases in suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) can substantially impact fish diversity and aquatic community structure, yet our understanding of the timing and scope of impacts of such increases is limited by the lack of long-term records of SSC. To address this challenge, we present a 34-y analysis of the direct effect of ASGM on 32 river reaches in the Madre de Dios region of Peru, which has been heavily impacted by ASGM since the 1980s. We evaluate spatial and temporal patterns of impacts using estimated SSC derived from Landsat satellite imagery. We find that 16 of 18 stretches of river impacted by ASGM show significant increasing trends in SSC (P < 0.05), while only 5 of 14 unaffected sites do so. Additionally, ASGM appears to reverse natural seasonal cycles of SSC, which may imperil aquatic species. Overall, our findings indicate that ASGM is fundamentally altering optical water quality dynamics of a critical tropical biodiversity hot spot and provide guidance for future regulation of these activities.
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Parsapour-Moghaddam P, Brennan CP, Rennie CD, Elvidge CK, Cooke SJ. Impacts of Channel Morphodynamics on Fish Habitat Utilization. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 64:272-286. [PMID: 31372806 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-019-01197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is reasonable to expect that hydro-morphodynamic processes in fluvial systems can affect fish habitat availability, but the impacts of morphological changes in fluvial systems on fish habitat are not well studied. Herein we investigate the impact of morphological development of a cohesive meandering stream on the quality of fish habitat available for juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and white sucker (Catostomus commersonii). A three-dimensional (3D) morphodynamic model was first developed to simulate the hydro-morphodynamics of the study creek. The results of the morphodynamic model were then incorporated into a fish habitat availability assessment. The 3D hydro-morphodynamic model was successfully calibrated using an intensive acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) spatial survey of the entire 3D velocity field and total station surveys of topographic changes in a meander bend in the study creek. Two fish sampling surveys were carried out at the beginning and the end of the study period to determine presence-absence of fish as an indicator of the habitat utilization of each fish species in the study reach. It was shown that morphological development of the stream was a significant factor for the observed changes in the habitat utilization of juvenile yellow perch. It is shown that juvenile yellow perch mostly utilized habitat where deposition occurred whereas they avoided areas of erosion. The results of this study and the proposed methodology could provide some insights into the potential impact of sediment transport processes on the fish occurrence, and distribution and has implications for management of small fluvial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parna Parsapour-Moghaddam
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Colin P Brennan
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Colin D Rennie
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chris K Elvidge
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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44
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Nieman CL, Gray SM. Visual performance impaired by elevated sedimentary and algal turbidity in walleye Sander vitreus and emerald shiner Notropis atherinoides. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 95:186-199. [PMID: 30511351 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of different forms of elevated turbidity on the visual acuity of two native Lake Erie fishes and to assess the response of fishes from different trophic levels to elevated turbidity. Additionally, the role of visual morphology (e.g., eye and optic lobe size) on visual acuity was evaluated across visual environments. Reaction distance, a behavioural proxy for measures of visual acuity, was measured for a top predator, walleye Sander vitreus and a forage fish, emerald shiner Notropis atherinoides. In both S. vitreus (n = 27) and N. atherinoides (n = 40) reaction distance across all types of turbidity (sedimentary, algal, sedimentary + algal; 20 NTU) was approximately 50% lower relative to the clear treatment. Reaction distance was further reduced in algal compared with sedimentary turbidity for wild-caught S. vitreus. Eye and brain morphology also influenced reaction distance across turbidity treatments, such that larger relative eye and brain metrics were positively correlated with reaction distance. This study provides evidence for disrupted visual acuity as a potential mechanism underlying fish responses, such as decreased foraging efficiency, to increased turbidity and further indicates that algal turbidity will probably be more detrimental to visual processes than sedimentary turbidity. With the increasing occurrence and severity of harmful algal blooms due to cultural eutrophication globally, this could have significant implications for predator-prey relationships in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey L Nieman
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Suzanne M Gray
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Pinheiro M, Caetano M, Neuparth T, Barros S, Soares J, Raimundo J, Vale C, Coimbra J, Castro LFC, Santos MM. Ecotoxicology of deep-sea environments: Functional and biochemical effects of suspended sediments in the model species Mytilus galloprovincialis under hyperbaric conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:218-225. [PMID: 30903895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea is the biggest ecosystem in the world and is characterized by extreme conditions such as high pressure, low temperatures and absence or limited light. Despite the scarce studies due to inaccessibility, these ecosystems are considered highly biodiverse. The deep-sea is subjected to anthropogenic stressors with deep-sea mining being a likely new form of disruption. Understanding how it affects the surrounding environments is paramount to develop guidelines to protect sensitive habitats and allow for responsible exploitation of resources. One of the potential stressors associated with deep-sea mining are the sediment laden plumes that can be generated during the mining process. The present study examined, for the first time, the effects of suspended sediments (0, 1, 2 and 4 g/L) in the model mussel species, Mytilus galloprovincialis, under hyperbaric conditions (1, 4 and 50 Bar). Functional endpoints, i.e. feeding assays, together with biochemical biomarkers of oxidative stress [catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] were studied in juvenile mussels. The filtration rate (FR) of M. galloprovincialis decreased with the increment in the sediment concentrations, for all tested pressure conditions (1, 4 and 50 Bar). Significant alterations were also observed for all tested biomarkers, being sediment and pressure-dependent. Interestingly, pressure had an effect in GST activity, that increased in the 4 and 50 Bar experiments in comparison with the results at 1 Bar. Remarkably, filtration rates were significantly affected by pressure. These findings will support the filling of the knowledge gaps related with the hazard assessment of deep-sea mining associated stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Pinheiro
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Neuparth
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Susana Barros
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Soares
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - João Coimbra
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - L Filipe C Castro
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel M Santos
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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46
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Affandi FA, Ishak MY. Impacts of suspended sediment and metal pollution from mining activities on riverine fish population-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:16939-16951. [PMID: 31028621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities are responsible for the elevated input levels of suspended sediment and hazardous metals into the riverine ecosystem. These have been shown to threaten the riverine fish populations and can even lead to localized population extinction. To date, research on the effects of mining activities on fish has been focused within metal contamination and bioaccumulation and its threat to human consumption, neglecting the effects of suspended sediment. This paper reviews the effects of suspended sediment and metal pollution on riverine ecosystem and fish population by examining the possibilities of genetic changes and population extinction. In addition, possible assessments and studies of the riverine fish population are discussed to cope with the risks from mining activities and fish population declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Ahmad Affandi
- Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusoff Ishak
- Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ma W, Schott D, van Rhee C. Numerical calculations of environmental impacts for deep sea mining activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 652:996-1012. [PMID: 30586835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the expected dramatic increase of mineral resources consumption, deep sea mining (DSM) was proposed as a method supplying the running of world economy by cooperating with or compensating for the terrestrial mining industry. However, its industrialization process is hindered by various reasons including the technological feasibility, economic profitability, and the DSM environmental impacts. The objective of this paper is to calculate the DSM environmental impacts based on a DSM environmental impact framework, which was selected through a systematic literature review in earlier work. The numerical calculations focus on the initial DSM disturbances and plume source, species disturbance, sediment plume and tailings. More importantly, the interconnection between the sediment plume and the species disturbances is also analysed particularly in this paper. The research quantifies the environmental impacts into a systematic framework, which could be helpful to assess the comprehensive environmental performances of a DSM activity and to promote the DSM industrialization process in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ma
- Department of Maritime & Transport Technology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Dingena Schott
- Department of Maritime & Transport Technology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Cees van Rhee
- Department of Maritime & Transport Technology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands
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48
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McLean MJ, Mouillot D, Goascoz N, Schlaich I, Auber A. Functional reorganization of marine fish nurseries under climate warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:660-674. [PMID: 30367735 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
While climate change is rapidly impacting marine species and ecosystems worldwide, the effects of climate warming on coastal fish nurseries have received little attention despite nurseries' fundamental roles in recruitment and population replenishment. Here, we used a 26-year time series (1987-2012) of fish monitoring in the Bay of Somme, a nursery in the Eastern English Channel (EEC), to examine the impacts of environmental and human drivers on the spatial and temporal dynamics of fish functional structure during a warming phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). We found that the nursery was initially dominated by fishes with r-selected life-history traits such as low trophic level, low age and size at maturity, and small offspring, which are highly sensitive to warming. The AMO, likely superimposed on climate change, induced rapid warming in the late 1990s (over 1°C from 1998 to 2003), leading to functional reorganization of fish communities, with a roughly 80% decline in overall fish abundance and increased dominance by K-selected fishes. Additionally, historical overfishing likely rendered the bay more vulnerable to climatic changes due to increased dominance by fishing-tolerant, yet climatically sensitive species. The drop in fish abundance not only altered fish functional structure within the Bay of Somme, but the EEC was likely impacted, as the EEC has been unable to recover from a regime shift in the late 1990s potentially, in part, due to failed replenishment from the bay. Given the collapse of r-selected fishes, we discuss how the combination of climate cycles and global warming could threaten marine fish nurseries worldwide, as nurseries are often dominated by r-selected species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McLean
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique de Manche et mer du Nord, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - David Mouillot
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier Cedex, France
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland
| | - Nicolas Goascoz
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Port-en-Bessin, France
| | - Ivan Schlaich
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Port-en-Bessin, France
| | - Arnaud Auber
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique de Manche et mer du Nord, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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49
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Bellmore JR, Pess GR, Duda JJ, O'Connor JE, East AE, Foley MM, Wilcox AC, Major JJ, Shafroth PB, Morley SA, Magirl CS, Anderson CW, Evans JE, Torgersen CE, Craig LS. Conceptualizing Ecological Responses to Dam Removal: If You Remove It, What's to Come? Bioscience 2019; 69:26-39. [PMID: 30647476 PMCID: PMC6327834 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biy152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the desired outcomes of dam decommissioning and removal is the recovery of aquatic and riparian ecosystems. To investigate this common objective, we synthesized information from empirical studies and ecological theory into conceptual models that depict key physical and biological links driving ecological responses to removing dams. We define models for three distinct spatial domains: upstream of the former reservoir, within the reservoir, and downstream of the removed dam. Emerging from these models are response trajectories that clarify potential pathways of ecological transitions in each domain. We illustrate that the responses are controlled by multiple causal pathways and feedback loops among physical and biological components of the ecosystem, creating recovery trajectories that are dynamic and nonlinear. In most cases, short-term effects are typically followed by longer-term responses that bring ecosystems to new and frequently predictable ecological condition, which may or may not be similar to what existed prior to impoundment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ryan Bellmore
- US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, in Juneau, Alaska
| | - George R Pess
- NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, in Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey J Duda
- US Geological Survey's Western Fisheries Research Center, also in Seattle
| | - Jim E O'Connor
- US Geological Survey's Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, in Portland, Oregon
| | - Amy E East
- US Geological Survey's Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, in Santa Cruz, California
| | - Melissa M Foley
- US Geological Survey's Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, in Santa Cruz, California
| | - Andrew C Wilcox
- University of Montana's Department of Geosciences, in Missoula
| | - Jon J Major
- US Geological Survey's Cascades Volcano Observatory, in Vancouver, Washington
| | - Patrick B Shafroth
- US Geological Survey's Fort Collins Science Center, in Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Sarah A Morley
- NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, in Seattle, Washington
| | - Christopher S Magirl
- Studies chief at the US Geological Survey's Arizona Water Science Center, in Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - James E Evans
- Department of Geology at Bowling Green State University, in Bowling Green, Ohio
| | - Christian E Torgersen
- US Geological Survey's Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Cascadia Field Station, at the University of Washington, in Seattle, Washington
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50
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Ašmonaitė G, Sundh H, Asker N, Carney Almroth B. Rainbow Trout Maintain Intestinal Transport and Barrier Functions Following Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:14392-14401. [PMID: 30451503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion has been proposed as a prominent exposure route for plastic debris in aquatic organisms, including fish. While the consequences of ingestion of large plastic litter are mostly understood, the impacts resulting from ingestion of microplastics (MPs) are largely unknown. We designed a study that aimed to assess impacts of MPs on fish intestinal physiology and examined integrity of extrinsic, physical and immunological barriers. Rainbow trout were exposed to polystyrene (PS) MPs (100-400 μm) via feed for a period of 4 weeks. Fish were fed four types of diets: control, diets containing virgin PS particles, or particles exposed to two different environmental matrices (sewage or harbor effluent). Extrinsic barrier disturbance in intestinal tissue was evaluated via histology. The paracellular permeability toward ions and molecules was examined using Ussing chambers and mRNA expression analysis of tight junction proteins. Active transport was monitored as transepithelial potential difference, short-circuits current and uptake rate of amino acid 3H-lysine. Immune status parameters were measured through mRNA expression level of cytokines, lysozyme activity, and hematological analysis of immune cells. We could not show that PS MPs induced inflammatory responses or acted as physical or chemical hazards upon ingestion. No measurable effects were exerted on fish intestinal permeability, active transport or electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedrė Ašmonaitė
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18 , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18 , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Noomi Asker
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18 , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Bethanie Carney Almroth
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18 , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
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