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Stewart JG, Pizzagalli DA, Auerbach RP. Stress exposure in at-risk, depressed, and suicidal adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:942-958. [PMID: 38100210 PMCID: PMC11161328 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress exposure contributes to the onset, maintenance, and recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents. However, the precise stress facets (e.g. chronicity, domain) most strongly linked to outcomes at different stages along the depression severity continuum remain unclear. Across two studies, chronic and episodic stressors were comprehensively assessed among: (a) healthy youth with (High-Risk [HR]) and without (Low-Risk [LR]) a maternal history of MDD and (b) adolescents with current MDD and suicide ideation and healthy controls (HC). METHOD Study 1 included LR (n = 65) and HR (n = 22) 12- to 14-year-olds (49 females; 56.32%) with no lifetime history of mental disorders. Study 2 enrolled 87 mid-to-late adolescents (64 females; 73.56%), including 57 MDD youth from a short-term intensive treatment service and 30 HCs from the community. All depressed youth reported recent suicide ideation; some had no lifetime history suicide attempts (SI; n = 31) and others reported at least one past year attempt (SA; n = 26). The Life Events and Difficulties Schedule was used to capture stressor severity in both studies. RESULTS We used multiple linear regression models that adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. Being in the HR versus LR group was associated with more severe chronic (β = .22, CI95 = 0.01-0.42, p = .041), independent (β = .34, CI95 = 0.12-0.56, p = .003), and interpersonal (β = .23, CI95 = 0.004-0.45, p = .047) stress severity. By contrast, the MDD group reported significantly more severe chronic (β = .62, CI95 = 0.45-0.79, p < .001) and dependent (β = .41, CI95 = 0.21-0.61, p < .001) stress than the HC group, but not independent (p = .083) stress. Stress severity did not differ between recent attempters versus youth who reported suicide ideation alone (SA vs. SI contrast). However, the SA group reported a higher rate of targeted rejection events (RR = 3.53, CI95 = 1.17-10.70, p = .026). CONCLUSIONS Our findings clarify the stressor features that may most strongly contribute to adolescent depression and its clinical correlates at two important points along depression's clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy G. Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diego A. Pizzagalli
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randy P. Auerbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Zheng S, Wang J, Lu S, Xiao J. A longitudinal investigation of the cross-dimensional mediating role of negative life events between neuroticism and depressive symptoms in adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:333-341. [PMID: 38570037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroticism has been identified as a significant predictor for depression within the adolescent population However, few longitudinal studies have investigated this association and explored the mediation effect of the negative life events. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between neuroticism, negative life events, and depression in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. METHODS Data on Five Factor Inventory-Neuroticism Subscale (FFI-N) was collected from 1150 participants aged 14-19 years old at baseline, and data on Adolescent Life Event Questionnaire (ALEQ) and Center of Epidemiological Study-Depression (CES-D) were collected both at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Multilevel modelings were used to analyze the longitudinal associations among neuroticism, negative life events and depression. RESULTS Through a longitudinal study design, results from multilevel regression analyses indicated a direct correlation between increased levels of neuroticism and the aggregation of negative life events with the prediction of more severe depressive symptoms. Further, results of multilevel mediations suggested that the negative life events served to partially mediate the relationship between neuroticism and each dimension of depression. LIMITATIONS The results cannot be used to make a clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSION The current findings suggest the negative life events as a cross-dimensional mediator in the relationship between neuroticism and each dimension of depression. Regulating neuroticism levels and implementing strategies to coping stress derived from daily life events could be integral approaches to reducing the prevalence of depression within the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Jieyi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Shan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
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3
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Xia X, Tang J, Peng Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Yuan M, Yu R, Hou X, Fu Y. Brain alterations in adolescents with first-episode depression who have experienced adverse events: evidence from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1358770. [PMID: 38654725 PMCID: PMC11036546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1358770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adverse life events constitute primary risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD), influencing brain function and structure. Adolescents, with their brains undergoing continuous development, are particularly susceptible to enduring impacts of adverse events. Methods We investigated differences and correlations among childhood trauma, negative life events, and alterations of brain function in adolescents with first-episode MDD. The study included 23 patients with MDD and 19 healthy controls, aged 10-19 years. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and were assessed using the beck depression inventory, childhood trauma questionnaire, and adolescent self-rating life events checklist. Results Compared with healthy controls, participants with first-episode MDD were more likely to have experienced emotional abuse, physical neglect, interpersonal relationship problems, and learning stress (all p' < 0.05). These adverse life events were significantly correlated with alterations in brain functions (all p < 0.05). Discussion This study contributes novel evidence on the underlying process between adverse life events, brain function, and depression, emphasizing the significant neurophysiological impact of environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinxiang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yadong Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixiao Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hu N, Luo J, Xiang W, Yang G, Huang T, Guan L, Xu J, Peng B. The relationship between postpartum negative life events and postpartum depression: a moderated mediation model of neuroticism and psychological flexibility. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:147. [PMID: 38383358 PMCID: PMC10882800 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Previous studies have shown that postpartum negative life events and neuroticism are both important risk factors for PPD. However, few studies have considered the role of protective factors in the influence of postpartum negative life events and neuroticism on PPD. Based on the diathesis-stress model and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a moderated mediating model was established to examine the mediating role of neuroticism between postpartum negative life events and PPD, as well as the moderating role of psychological flexibility in this mediating effect. METHODS A sample of 776 parturients from three different Grade A hospitals in China were assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, the Postpartum Negative Life Events Scale, the Neuroticism Subscale of the Big Five Personality Scale, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire- II. RESULTS PPD, postpartum negative life events, neuroticism, and experiential avoidance were significantly positively correlated with one another. Neuroticism partially mediated the relationship between postpartum negative life events and PPD. In this mediation model, the direct path and the second half of the mediation path were moderated by psychological flexibility. Specifically, the links between postpartum negative life events and PPD, as well as between neuroticism and PPD, were stronger when psychological flexibility was low, but weaker when psychological flexibility was high. CONCLUSIONS The results show that psychological flexibility plays an important role in buffering the negative effects of postpartum negative life events and neuroticism on PPD. These findings provide implications for the prevention and intervention of PPD using an ACT approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Hu
- School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Marxism, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiying Yang
- The First People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Xichang, China
| | | | - Li Guan
- Hainan women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Jufang Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Biao Peng
- School of Marxism, Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China.
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Wang T, Wu X. Self-compassion moderates the relationship between neuroticism and depression in junior high school students. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1327789. [PMID: 38414883 PMCID: PMC10896828 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1327789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroticism, an emotion-related personality trait, is often associated with a greater susceptibility to depression. On the other hand, self-compassion involves treating oneself in a peaceful, mindful, and friendly manner, particularly in the face of failure or frustration. The study investigated the relationship between neuroticism and depression in junior high school students, as well as the moderating role of self-compassion. A total of 757 junior high school students participated in the survey, which included the Children's Depression Inventory, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, Short Scale for Chinese, and the Chinese version of the Self-Compassion Scale. The results revealed that neuroticism positively predicted depression, while self-compassion had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between neuroticism and depression. Specifically, higher levels of self-compassion were associated with a weaker link between neuroticism and depression. These findings suggest that interventions promoting self-compassion may be beneficial for students exhibiting neurotic tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xicong Wu
- Chongqing No.110 Middle School, Chongqing, China
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Ma Y, Chiappelli J, Kvarta MD, Bruce H, van der Vaart A, Goldwaser EL, Du X, Sampath H, Lightner S, Endres J, Yusuf A, Yuen A, Narvaez S, Campos-Saravia D, Kochunov P, Hong LE. Effects of independent versus dependent stressful life events on major symptom domains of schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:84. [PMID: 38065979 PMCID: PMC10709301 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated two models to link stressful life events (SLEs) with the psychopathology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). We separated SLEs into independent (iSLEs, unlikely influenced by one's behavior) and dependent (dSLEs, likely influenced by one's behavior). Stress-diathesis and stress generation models were evaluated for the relationship between total, i- and d- SLEs and the severity of positive, negative, and depressive symptoms in participants with SSD. Participants with SSD (n = 286; 196 males; age = 37.5 ± 13.5 years) and community controls (n = 121; 83 males; 35.4 ± 13.9 years) completed self-report of lifetime negative total, i- and d- SLEs. Participants with SSD reported a significantly higher number of total SLEs compared to controls (B = 1.11, p = 6.4 × 10-6). Positive symptom severity was positively associated with the total number of SLEs (β = 0.20, p = 0.001). iSLEs (β = 0.11, p = 0.09) and dSLEs (β = 0.21, p = 0.0006) showed similar association with positive symptoms (p = 0.16) suggesting stress-diathesis effects. Negative symptom severity was negatively associated with the number of SLEs (β = -0.19, p = 0.003) and dSLEs (β = -0.20, p = 0.001) but not iSLEs (β = -0.04, p = 0.52), suggesting stress generation effects. Depressive symptom severity was positively associated with SLEs (β = 0.34, p = 1.0 × 10-8), and the association was not statistically stronger for dSLEs (β = 0.33, p = 2.7 × 10-8) than iSLEs (β = 0.21, p = 0.0006), p = 0.085, suggesting stress-diathesis effects. The SLE - symptom relationships in SSD may be attributed to stress generation or stress-diathesis, depending on symptom domain. Findings call for a domain-specific approach to clinical intervention for SLEs in SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Ma
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Joshua Chiappelli
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark D Kvarta
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heather Bruce
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew van der Vaart
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric L Goldwaser
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hemalatha Sampath
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Lightner
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jane Endres
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akram Yusuf
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexa Yuen
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Narvaez
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danny Campos-Saravia
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Chilver MR, Champaigne-Klassen E, Schofield PR, Williams LM, Gatt JM. Predicting wellbeing over one year using sociodemographic factors, personality, health behaviours, cognition, and life events. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5565. [PMID: 37019908 PMCID: PMC10076502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various sociodemographic, psychosocial, cognitive, and life event factors are associated with mental wellbeing; however, it remains unclear which measures best explain variance in wellbeing in the context of related variables. This study uses data from 1017 healthy adults from the TWIN-E study of wellbeing to evaluate the sociodemographic, psychosocial, cognitive, and life event predictors of wellbeing using cross-sectional and repeated measures multiple regression models over one year. Sociodemographic (age, sex, education), psychosocial (personality, health behaviours, and lifestyle), emotion and cognitive processing, and life event (recent positive and negative life events) variables were considered. The results showed that while neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and cognitive reappraisal were the strongest predictors of wellbeing in the cross-sectional model, while extraversion, conscientiousness, exercise, and specific life events (work related and traumatic life events) were the strongest predictors of wellbeing in the repeated measures model. These results were confirmed using tenfold cross-validation procedures. Together, the results indicate that the variables that best explain differences in wellbeing between individuals at baseline can vary from the variables that predict change in wellbeing over time. This suggests that different variables may need to be targeted to improve population-level compared to individual-level wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R Chilver
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5717, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers VISN21, Veterans Administration Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304-151-Y, USA
| | - Justine M Gatt
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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8
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Goldstein BL, Finsaas MC, Olino TM, Kotov R, Grasso DJ, Klein DN. Three-variable systems: An integrative moderation and mediation framework for developmental psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:12-23. [PMID: 34158142 PMCID: PMC9990490 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we consider an often overlooked model that combines mediation and moderation to explain how a third variable can relate to a risk factor-psychopathology relationship. We refer to it as moderation and mediation in a three-variable system. We describe how this model is relevant to studying vulnerability factors and how it may advance developmental psychopathology research. To illustrate the value of this approach, we provide several examples where this model may be applicable, such as the relationships among parental externalizing pathology, harsh parenting, and offspring psychopathology as well as between neuroticism, stressful life events, and depression. We discuss possible reasons why this model has not gained traction and attempt to clarify and dispel those concerns. We provide guidance and recommendations for when to consider this model for a given data set and point toward existing resources for testing this model that have been developed by statisticians and other methodologists. Lastly, we describe important caveats, limitations, and considerations for making this approach most useful for developmental research. Overall, our goal in presenting this information to developmental psychopathology researchers is to encourage testing moderation and mediation in a three-variable system with the aim of advancing analytic strategies for studying vulnerability factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Megan C. Finsaas
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas M. Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Damion J. Grasso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daniel N. Klein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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9
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Fausor R, Morán N, Gesteira C, Cobos B, Sanz‐García A, Liébana S, Altungy P, García‐Vera MP, Sanz J. Relationships of the Big Five facets and dysfunctional attitudes with depression. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:680-688. [PMID: 35674334 PMCID: PMC9796865 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There are two parallel lines of research on the relationship between personality and depression, one based on the Big Five personality model and one on Beck's cognitive theory of depression. However, no study has jointly examined the dimensions and facets of the Big Five and the dysfunctional attitudes of Beck's theory. This was the objective of the present study. The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS-A), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) were applied to 221 adults from the Spanish general population (53.7% females; mean age: 38.3 years). Various multiple linear regression analyses revealed that only the facet of depression was significantly related to depressive symptomatology. The different associations of the broad and specific personality traits and the need to control as many third variables as possible to prevent the finding of spurious relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fausor
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Noelia Morán
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Clara Gesteira
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Beatriz Cobos
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ana Sanz‐García
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Sara Liébana
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Pedro Altungy
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | | | - Jesús Sanz
- Facultad de PsicologíaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
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10
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Gao J, Liu F, Xu J, Wang J, Mou J, Wang L. The influence of family incivility on cyberbullying perpetration: A moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:975335. [PMID: 36092052 PMCID: PMC9454330 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.975335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has extended the stress literature by exploring the relationship between family incivility and cyberbullying perpetration, yet relatively less attention has been paid to underlying psychological mechanisms between that relationship among university students. According to the Frustration-Aggression Theory, this study examined the relationships of family incivility, cyberbullying perpetration, negative emotions and neuroticism among Chinese university students. Data were collected from 814 university students (females, N = 423; Mage = 19.96 years, SD = 3.09). The results examined the mechanism through which family incivility was significantly related to cyberbullying perpetration through the mediation of negative emotions, suggesting a strong link of stressful life events to online aggression. In addition, high levels of neuroticism moderated the relationship between family incivility and cyberbullying perpetration, as well as that between family incivility and negative emotions. The study revealed the chronic and potential impact of family incivility, underlined the interaction between stressful life events and online aggression, and put forward the intervention strategies of cyberbullying among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- International College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Teacher Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Xu,
| | - Jinyu Wang
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaqi Mou
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lingchao Wang
- College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Luo J, Zhang B, Cao M, Roberts BW. The Stressful Personality: A Meta-Analytical Review of the Relation Between Personality and Stress. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022; 27:128-194. [PMID: 35801622 DOI: 10.1177/10888683221104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study presented the first meta-analytic review on the associations between the Big Five personality traits and stress measured under different conceptualizations (stressor exposure, psychological and physiological stress responses) using a total of 1,575 effect sizes drawn from 298 samples. Overall, neuroticism was found to be positively related to stress, whereas extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were negatively linked to stress. When stress assessed under different conceptualizations was tested, only neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were related to stressor exposure. All of the Big Five personality traits were significantly associated with psychological stress perception, whereas the five personality traits showed weak to null associations with physiological stress response. Further moderation analyses suggested that the associations between personality traits and stress under different conceptualizations were also contingent upon different characteristics of stress, sample, study design, and measures. The results supported the important role of personality traits in individual differences in stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
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12
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Yang Q, Kanjanarat P, Wongpakaran T, Ruengorn C, Awiphan R, Nochaiwong S, Wongpakaran N, Wedding D. Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived Stress: The Mediating Roles of Neuroticism and Perceived Social Support. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050812. [PMID: 35627949 PMCID: PMC9141688 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fear of COVID-19 leads to stress and may result in various kinds of mental health problems. Many factors are associated with an individual’s perception of stress, including neuroticism and perceived social support. This study aimed to examine the role of neuroticism and perceived social support as mediators of fear of COVID-19 on perceived stress. Methods: Data from 3299 participants aged ≥18 years from the HOME-COVID-19 survey in 2020 were used for analysis. Measurements used included the Fear of COVID-19 and Impact on Quality of Life Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale-10, the Neuroticism inventory and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support-12. A parallel mediation model within a structural equation modeling framework with 5000 bootstrapping sampling was used to test the mediating effect. Results: Fear of COVID-19 had a direct effect on perceived stress (B = 0.100, 95% CI = 0.080−0.121, p < 0.001), whereas neuroticism, but not perceived social support, partially mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress (B = 0.018, 95% CI = 0.000−0.036). Among all types of social support, only perceived support from friends was a significant mediator (B = 0.016, 95% CI = 0.006−0.025). Conclusions: Neuroticism and perceived support from friends are critical factors in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Yang
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
| | - Penkarn Kanjanarat
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Suthep Road, T. Suthep, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (T.W.); Tel.: +66-53-944334 (P.K.); +66-53-935422 (ext. 318) (T.W.); Fax: +66-53-222741 (P.K.); +66-53-935426 (T.W.)
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., T. Sriphum, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (T.W.); Tel.: +66-53-944334 (P.K.); +66-53-935422 (ext. 318) (T.W.); Fax: +66-53-222741 (P.K.); +66-53-935426 (T.W.)
| | - Chidchanok Ruengorn
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Suthep Road, T. Suthep, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Ratanaporn Awiphan
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Suthep Road, T. Suthep, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Surapon Nochaiwong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Suthep Road, T. Suthep, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., T. Sriphum, A. Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Danny Wedding
- Master of Science (Mental Health), Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (Q.Y.); (C.R.); (R.A.); (N.W.); (D.W.)
- Department of Clinical and Humanistic Psychology, Saybrook University, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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Wang X, Lin J, Liu Q, Lv X, Wang G, Wei J, Zhu G, Chen Q, Tian H, Zhang K, Wang X, Zhang N, Yu X, Su YA, Si T. Major depressive disorder comorbid with general anxiety disorder: Associations among neuroticism, adult stress, and the inflammatory index. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 148:307-314. [PMID: 35193034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that higher neuroticism and adult stress may be potential risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD) comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Studies have shown that anxious and depressed patients have significantly more neurobiological abnormalities than non-anxious depressed patients. However, the biological mechanism of comorbidity remains unknown. A study of serum markers allows a better understanding of the mechanism. This was a multi-centre, cross-sectional study. A total of 169 MDD patients (42 MDD patients with comorbid GAD and 127 MDD patients without comorbid GAD) were studied to analyse the risk factors for MDD with comorbid GAD. Twenty-four peripheral serum markers were measured. Path analysis was applied to test the association among neuroticism, adult stress, inflammatory markers, and psychopathology. After Bonferroni correction, MDD patients with comorbid GAD had lower levels of CCL2 (P = 0.001) and higher levels of α2M (P < 0.001) and TLR-1 (P = 0.001) than MDD patients without comorbid GAD (adjusted P < 0.002). In the path analyses of the association among adult stress, the inflammatory index, and psychopathology, neuroticism had a direct effect (β = 0.238, P = 0.003) and an indirect effect (β = 0.068, P = 0.004) on MDD and GAD comorbidity through adult stress and the inflammatory index. Our results suggest that MDD with comorbid GAD is associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers, stress factors and personality traits, which may provide some cues for early identification or more tailored and comprehensive treatment for MDD with comorbid GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China; Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Lin
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Lv
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Ai Su
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
| | - Tianmei Si
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
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14
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Goldstein BL, Armeli S, Adams RL, Florimon MA, Hammen C, Tennen H. Patterns of stress generation differ depending on internalizing symptoms, alcohol use, and personality traits in early adulthood: a five year longitudinal study. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2021; 34:612-625. [PMID: 33818193 PMCID: PMC8490491 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1910677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is thought to generate stressful life events. However, other internalizing symptoms such as anxiety or post-traumatic stress and individual difference variables such as personality traits and alcohol use may contribute to stressful life events. Whether stress generation is specific to depression or generalized to these other variables is unclear. Therefore, we tested whether stress generation was depression specific or generalizable to anxiety, PTSD, alcohol use, neuroticism, and extraversion. DESIGN Two-wave longitudinal study with a five-year follow-up. METHODS 917 young adults completed measures of internalizing symptoms, alcohol use, neuroticism, and extraversion during college and five years later along with an interview-based measure of life events. RESULTS Symptoms of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and neuroticism exhibited bivariate predictive effects on interpersonal-dependent events. When considering internalizing symptoms in the aggregate, stress generation was specific to symptoms rather than neuroticism. Furthermore, interpersonal-dependent life events mediated Time 1 internalizing symptoms predicting Time 2 symptoms. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that stress generation applies to internalizing symptoms broadly rather than specifically to depression. Moreover, neuroticism was no longer a significant predictor of life events when examined with internalizing symptoms simultaneously. These results support the value of integrative models that test numerous factors predicting stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
| | - Stephen Armeli
- Department of Psychology, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, USA
| | - Rachel L Adams
- Department of Psychology, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, USA
| | - Martin A Florimon
- Department of Psychology, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, USA
| | - Constance Hammen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Howard Tennen
- Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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15
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Sanwald S, Widenhorn-Müller K, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Montag C, Kiefer M. Factors related to age at depression onset: the role of SLC6A4 methylation, sex, exposure to stressful life events and personality in a sample of inpatients suffering from major depression. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:167. [PMID: 33765975 PMCID: PMC7995700 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An early onset of depression is associated with higher chronicity and disability, more stressful life events (SLEs), higher negative emotionality as described by the primary emotion SADNESS and more severe depressive symptomatology compared to depression onset later in life. Additionally, methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is associated with SLEs and depressive symptoms. METHODS We investigated the relation of SLEs, SLC6A4 methylation in peripheral blood, the primary emotions SADNESS and SEEKING (measured by the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales) as well as depressive symptom severity to age at depression onset in a sample of N = 146 inpatients suffering from major depression. RESULTS Depressed women showed higher SADNESS (t (91.05) = - 3.17, p = 0.028, d = - 0.57) and higher SLC6A4 methylation (t (88.79) = - 2.95, p = 0.02, d = - 0.55) compared to men. There were associations between SLEs, primary emotions and depression severity, which partly differed between women and men. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) indicated the selection of a model including sex, SLEs, SEEKING and SADNESS for the prediction of age at depression onset. SLC6A4 methylation was not related to depression severity, age at depression onset or SLEs in the entire group, but positively related to depression severity in women. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we provide further evidence that age at depression onset is associated with SLEs, personality and depression severity. However, we found no associations between age at onset and SLC6A4 methylation. The joint investigation of variables originating in biology, psychology and psychiatry could make an important contribution to understanding the development of depressive disorders by elucidating potential subtypes of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sanwald
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | | | | | - Christian Montag
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Molecular Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Kiefer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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16
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Goldstein BL, Perlman G, Eaton NR, Kotov R, Klein DN. Testing explanatory models of the interplay between depression, neuroticism, and stressful life events: a dynamic trait-stress generation approach. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2780-2789. [PMID: 31615596 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classic conceptual frameworks explaining the relationship of personality traits to depression include the precursor and predisposition models. The former hypothesizes that depression is predicted by traits alone whereas the latter hypothesizes that stress, together with personality, predicts depression. Dynamic vulnerability models (DVM) expand on these perspectives by incorporating fluctuations in personality over time. The stress generation model provides an alternative view, positing that depression generates stress, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. However, these conceptual models are rarely directly compared. METHOD We tested these models, focusing on neuroticism and stressful life events that the participant may have contributed to, using path analysis in a sample of 550 never-depressed, adolescent females assessed five times over 3 years. RESULTS A dynamic precursor model with stress generation was best supported. For the precursor component, neuroticism predicted subsequent depression across four assessment intervals. For the dynamic trait component, stressful life events predicted subsequent neuroticism at three of four intervals. Finally, in line with stress generation, depression consistently predicted subsequent stressful life events, and life events then predicted depression. CONCLUSIONS Finding support for the DVM is noteworthy, as this is the first comprehensive test of this model. Moreover, results supported integrating stress generation with trait vulnerability. Continued use of integrated approaches and refining the statistical implementation of these theories is necessary to advance understanding of the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Goldstein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, CT, USA
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, NY, USA
| | | | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Daniel N Klein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
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17
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Zhang D, Huebner ES, Tian L. Longitudinal associations among neuroticism, depression, and cyberbullying in early adolescents. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Goldstein BL, Kessel EM, Kujawa A, Finsaas MC, Davila J, Hajcak G, Klein DN. Stressful life events moderate the effect of neural reward responsiveness in childhood on depressive symptoms in adolescence. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1548-1555. [PMID: 31274066 PMCID: PMC8101023 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reward processing deficits have been implicated in the etiology of depression. A blunted reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential elicited by feedback to monetary gain relative to loss, predicts new onsets and increases in depression symptoms. Etiological models of depression also highlight stressful life events. However, no studies have examined whether stressful life events moderate the effect of the RewP on subsequent depression symptoms. We examined this question during the key developmental transition from childhood to adolescence. METHODS A community sample of 369 children (mean age of 9) completed a self-report measure of depression symptoms. The RewP to winning v. losing was elicited using a monetary reward task. Three years later, we assessed stressful life events occurring in the year prior to the follow-up. Youth depressive symptoms were rated by the children and their parents at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Stressful life events moderated the effect of the RewP on depression symptoms at follow-up such that a blunted RewP predicted higher depression symptoms in individuals with higher levels of stressful life events. This effect was also evident when events that were independent of the youth's behavior were examined separately. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the RewP reflects a vulnerability for depression that is activated by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen M. Kessel
- Department of Psychology - Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Autumn Kujawa
- Department of Psychology and Human Development - Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Megan C. Finsaas
- Department of Psychology - Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Joanne Davila
- Department of Psychology - Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Psychology - Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Daniel N. Klein
- Department of Psychology - Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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19
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Brown A, Bennet J, Rapee RM, Hirshfeld-Becker DR, Bayer JK. Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:264. [PMID: 32471371 PMCID: PMC7260781 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study explored whether temperamentally inhibited children who experience early trauma are vulnerable to developing internalizing problems in the face of later life-stressors. Methods A validated screen for temperamental inhibition was distributed to parents of young children attending preschools in six government regions of Melbourne, Australia. Screening identified 11% of children as inhibited (703 of 6347 screened) and eligible for a prevention study. Participants were 545 parents of inhibited preschoolers (78% uptake), of whom 84% were followed into mid childhood (age 7–10 years: wave 1, n = 446; wave 2, n = 427; wave 3, n = 426). Parents and children then completed questionnaires for child internalizing (anxious and depressive) symptoms, and parents received a diagnostic interview for child anxiety disorder. In mid-childhood parents also completed questionnaires annually to describe recent life-stressors experienced by their child, and any potentially traumatic events in the first four years of life. Results Only one in 14 temperamentally inhibited children had experienced a potentially traumatic event in early childhood. In mid childhood 56% experienced recent life-stressors. Inhibited children who had early life trauma experienced slightly more anxiety disorder and symptoms in mid childhood. Those children with more recent life-stressors in mid childhood also had slightly more symptoms of anxiety and depression. In contrast to stress sensitization, inhibited children with early trauma plus recent stressors did not show especially high mid-childhood internalizing difficulties. Conclusions Early life trauma and recent life-stressors each convey a small risk for children with an inhibited temperament to develop internalizing problems. Nevertheless, early life stress may not always result in negative sensitization for children in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Brown
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanna Bennet
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dina R Hirshfeld-Becker
- Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jordana K Bayer
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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20
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Yárnoz-Yaben S, Garmendia A. Development, factor structure and psychometric properties of a questionnaire to evaluate post – divorce negative thoughts in Spanish. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-9783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Song Y, Liu Z, Chen H, Guo Q, Huang Y. Incidence and Risk Factors of Depressive Symptoms in Chinese College Students. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2449-2457. [PMID: 33122908 PMCID: PMC7591009 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s264775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous surveys have shown an increase in the prevalence of depression among college students. However, knowledge on the incidence and risk factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese college students is limited. The aim of the present study was to determine the two-year cumulative incidence of depressive symptoms in Chinese college freshmen and identified related psychosocial risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective survey was used to examine the cumulative incidence and risk factors of depressive symptoms (as assessed by the Centre for Epidemiological Study-Depression Scale, CES-D) among undergraduate freshmen. Five times (baseline, 5, 12, 17, and 24 months later) of self-reported data were collected from the students. RESULTS Of the initial 758 non-depressed respondents at baseline, 235 developed depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16) during the follow-up period. The two-year cumulative incidence was estimated to be 42% and not significantly different between males and females (χ2=3.138, df =1, p=0.077). Logistic regression model showed that female gender (OR=0.43, 95% CI (0.28-0.64)), high level of self-esteem (OR=0.67, 95% CI (0.52-0.86)), and moderate exercise (OR=0.71, 95% CI (0.55-0.92)) reduced the onset of depressive symptoms; while high levels of baseline anxiety (OR=1.48, 95% CI (1.12-1.94)), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Neuroticism (OR=1.40, 95% CI (1.09-1.79)), concern over mistakes (OR=1.35,95% CI (1.07-1.71)), daytime sleepiness (OR=1.28, 95% CI (1.02-1.60)), mild exercise (OR=1.25, 95% CI (1.01-1.55)) increased the new onset of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The high two-year cumulative incidence indicates that depressive symptoms are an important mental problem in Chinese college students. The present findings on the risk factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese college students may be useful for the design of student health screening and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Song
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaorui Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Chen
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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22
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Van Beveren ML, Kuppens S, Hankin B, Braet C. Because you had a bad day: General and daily relations between reactive temperament, emotion regulation, and depressive symptoms in youth. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224126. [PMID: 31648247 PMCID: PMC6812825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative emotionality (NE) and positive emotionality (PE) have repeatedly shown to act as vulnerability factors for youth depression. Less research examined the mechanisms through which these reactive temperament traits may differently confer vulnerability to depression. Based on recent integrated models of depression proposing emotion regulation as a key underlying mechanism, the current study aimed to clarify the general and day-to-day relations among temperament, emotion regulation strategies, and depressive symptoms in Dutch-speaking youth (35% boys; Mage = 13.27 years, SD = 1.98) using a cross-sectional (n = 495) and a 7-day daily diary design (n = 469). Self-reported temperament, trait rumination, trait positive refocusing, and depressive symptoms were measured at baseline. State rumination, state positive refocusing, and depressive symptoms were further assessed daily. Whereas results revealed that NE and PE interacted in predicting baseline and daily depressive symptoms, the cross-sectional analyses provide preliminary evidence for the hypothesis that NE and PE each provide unique pathways for understanding vulnerability to depression. Additional analyses in the daily diary study showed NE to be significantly related to trajectories of state rumination. Results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the associations between temperament, emotion regulation strategies, and depressive symptoms in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lotte Van Beveren
- Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, East-Flanders, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Sofie Kuppens
- Social Research Methodology Group, Centre for Sociological Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flemish-Brabant, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Caroline Braet
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
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23
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Mackin DM, Kotov R, Perlman G, Nelson BD, Goldstein BL, Hajcak G, Klein DN. Reward processing and future life stress: Stress generation pathway to depression. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 128:305-314. [PMID: 31045413 PMCID: PMC6586409 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Blunted reward sensitivity and life stress are each depressogenic. Additionally, individuals with clinical and psychosocial vulnerabilities are prone to experience or evoke dependent life stressors (e.g., interpersonal conflict) that, in turn, increase depression risk. However, no previous study has investigated the role of neural vulnerability factors in generating life stress. Therefore, the current study investigated whether a neural measure of reward sensitivity prospectively predicts the generation of life stress, which in turn mediates effects of these neural processes on subsequent depression. Participants were 467 never-depressed adolescent girls. Using event-related potentials, neural sensitivity to the difference between monetary reward and loss (the Reward Positivity [RewP]) was assessed at baseline. Negative life events were assessed twice via interview over the ensuing 18 months, yielding an index of total life stress over the follow-up period. A self-report dimensional measure of depression symptoms was administered at baseline and follow-up. After accounting for baseline age, depression, and race, a blunted RewP predicted greater dependent, but not independent, life stress over the follow-up. Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of the RewP on follow-up depression through dependent, but not independent, life stress. Our results suggest that neural processing reward and loss plays a crucial role in depressogenic stress generation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Kotov
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Greg Perlman
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychiatry
| | | | | | - Greg Hajcak
- Florida State University, Department of Psychology
| | - Daniel N. Klein
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychiatry
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Li JJ, Hilton EC, Lu Q, Hong J, Greenberg JS, Mailick MR. Validating psychosocial pathways of risk between neuroticism and late life depression using a polygenic score approach. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 128:200-211. [PMID: 30829503 PMCID: PMC6462143 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism is a stable and heritable personality trait that is strongly linked to depression. Yet, little is known about its association with late life depression, as well as how neuroticism eventuates into depression. This study used data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS; N = 4,877) to examine the direct and indirect effects of neuroticism on late life depression at 3 points in the life course-ages 53, 64, and 71-via stressful life events (i.e., independent and dependent) and social supports measured across adulthood and into later life. Neuroticism was assayed using multiple methods, including self-report measures (phenotypic model) and a polygenic score (polygenic model) informed by a meta-analytic genome-wide association study. Results indicated that the phenotypic model of neuroticism and late life depression was partially mediated via dependent stressful life events experienced after the age of 53 and by age 64 social support. This association was replicated in the polygenic model of neuroticism, providing key evidence that the findings are robust. No indirect effects emerged with respect to age 53 social support, age 71 social support, adult dependent stressful life events (experienced between age 19 and 52), and adult and late life independent stressful life events in either the phenotypic or polygenic models as they pertained to late life depression. Results are consistent with previous findings that individuals with high neuroticism may be vulnerable to late life depression through psychosocial risk factors that are, in part, attributable to their own personality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson St., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emily C. Hilton
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson St., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Jinkuk Hong
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jan S. Greenberg
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1350 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Marsha R. Mailick
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Tsai HWJ, Cebula K, Fletcher-Watson S. The Role of the Broader Autism Phenotype and Environmental Stressors in the Adjustment of Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Taiwan and the United Kingdom. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 47:2363-2377. [PMID: 28502037 PMCID: PMC5509828 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the broader autism phenotype (BAP) on the adjustment of siblings of children with autism has previously been researched mainly in Western cultures. The present research evaluated a diathesis-stress model of sibling adjustment using a questionnaire study including 80 and 75 mother-typically developing sibling dyads in Taiwan and the United Kingdom (UK). UK siblings reported elevated adjustment difficulties compared to the Taiwanese sample and to normative data. Whilst higher BAP levels were generally associated with greater adjustment difficulties, differences were found across cultures and respondents. Although significant diathesis-stress interactions were found, these were in the opposite direction from those predicted by the model, and differed across cultural settings. Implications for culturally-sensitive sibling support are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Wei Joy Tsai
- Moray House School of Education, St John's Land, The University of Edinburgh, Holyrood Rd, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ, UK.
| | - Katie Cebula
- Moray House School of Education, St John's Land, The University of Edinburgh, Holyrood Rd, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ, UK
| | - Sue Fletcher-Watson
- The Patrick Wild Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UK
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Jin Y, Sun C, Wang F, An J, Xu J. The relationship between PTSD, depression and negative life events: Ya'an earthquake three years later. Psychiatry Res 2018; 259:358-363. [PMID: 29120843 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder) is a common post-disaster psychological condition which research has shown to have comorbidity with depression. To explore the relationship between PTSD and depression further, a cross-sectional study design was adopted. Three years after the Ya'an earthquake, 4137 adolescents (mean age 15.12) who had personally experienced the earthquake were assessed. The study results showed that PTSD significantly predicted future depression, with the effect being partially mediated by the negative life events after the earthquake. Gender was not found to be a significant moderator between PTSD and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Jin
- College of Teacher Education and Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5 Jingan Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Cuicui Sun
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Hope College, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610400, China.
| | - Junxiu An
- Chengdu University of Information Technology, No. 24 Block 1, Xuefu Road, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jiuping Xu
- Institute of Emergency Management and Reconstruction in Post-disaster, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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27
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Booth C, Songco A, Parsons S, Heathcote L, Vincent J, Keers R, Fox E. The CogBIAS longitudinal study protocol: cognitive and genetic factors influencing psychological functioning in adolescence. BMC Psychol 2017; 5:41. [PMID: 29284537 PMCID: PMC5747087 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-017-0210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal psychological development is dependent upon a complex interplay between individual and situational factors. Investigating the development of these factors in adolescence will help to improve understanding of emotional vulnerability and resilience. The CogBIAS longitudinal study (CogBIAS-L-S) aims to combine cognitive and genetic approaches to investigate risk and protective factors associated with the development of mood and impulsivity-related outcomes in an adolescent sample. METHODS CogBIAS-L-S is a three-wave longitudinal study of typically developing adolescents conducted over 4 years, with data collection at age 12, 14 and 16. At each wave participants will undergo multiple assessments including a range of selective cognitive processing tasks (e.g. attention bias, interpretation bias, memory bias) and psychological self-report measures (e.g. anxiety, depression, resilience). Saliva samples will also be collected at the baseline assessment for genetic analyses. Multilevel statistical analyses will be performed to investigate the developmental trajectory of cognitive biases on psychological functioning, as well as the influence of genetic moderation on these relationships. DISCUSSION CogBIAS-L-S represents the first longitudinal study to assess multiple cognitive biases across adolescent development and the largest study of its kind to collect genetic data. It therefore provides a unique opportunity to understand how genes and the environment influence the development and maintenance of cognitive biases and provide insight into risk and protective factors that may be key targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Booth
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, Oxford, Headington OX3 7LG UK
| | - Annabel Songco
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, Oxford, Headington OX3 7LG UK
| | - Sam Parsons
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, Oxford, Headington OX3 7LG UK
| | - Lauren Heathcote
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - John Vincent
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Robert Keers
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Elaine Fox
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Richards Building, Oxford, Headington OX3 7LG UK
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Chang KH, Lu FJH, Chyi T, Hsu YW, Chan SW, Wang ETW. Examining the stress-burnout relationship: the mediating role of negative thoughts. PeerJ 2017; 5:e4181. [PMID: 29302397 PMCID: PMC5740956 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using Smith’s (1986) cognitive-affective model of athletic burnout as a guiding framework, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among athletes’ stress in life, negative thoughts, and the mediating role of negative thoughts on the stress-burnout relationship. Methods A total of 300 college student-athletes (males = 174; females = 126, Mage = 20.43 y, SD = 1.68) completed the College Student Athlete’s Life Stress Scale (CSALSS; Lu et al., 2012), the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ; Hollon & Kendall, 1980), and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ; Raedeke & Smith, 2001). Results Correlational analyses found that two types of life stress and four types of negative thoughts correlated with burnout. Additionally, hierarchical regression analyses found that four types of negative thoughts partially mediated the stress-burnout relationship. Discussion We concluded that an athlete’s negative thoughts play a pivotal role in predicting athletes’ stress-burnout relationship. Future study may examine how irrational cognition influences athletes’ motivation and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsin Chang
- Department of Physical Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Frank J H Lu
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Theresa Chyi
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- Department of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation, National Chiayi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Wei Chan
- Graduate Institute of Physical Education, National Taiwan Sport University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Erica T W Wang
- Office of Physical Education and Sports Affairs, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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March-Llanes J, Marqués-Feixa L, Mezquita L, Fañanás L, Moya-Higueras J. Stressful life events during adolescence and risk for externalizing and internalizing psychopathology: a meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:1409-1422. [PMID: 28502034 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-0996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the present research was to analyze the relations between stressful life events and the externalizing and internalizing spectra of psychopathology using meta-analytical procedures. After removing the duplicates, a total of 373 papers were found in a literature search using several bibliographic databases, such as the PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. Twenty-seven studies were selected for the meta-analytical analysis after applying different inclusion and exclusion criteria in different phases. The statistical procedure was performed using a random/mixed-effects model based on the correlations found in the studies. Significant positive correlations were found in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. A transactional effect was then found in the present study. Stressful life events could be a cause, but also a consequence, of psychopathological spectra. The level of controllability of the life events did not affect the results. Special attention should be given to the usage of stressful life events in gene-environment interaction and correlation studies, and also for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume March-Llanes
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, University of Lleida, Avda. de l'Estudi General, 4, 25221, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laia Marqués-Feixa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Avda. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12701, Castelló De La Plana, Spain
| | - Lourdes Fañanás
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Moya-Higueras
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, University of Lleida, Avda. de l'Estudi General, 4, 25221, Lleida, Spain. .,Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Gao T, Xiang YT, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Mei S. Neuroticism and quality of life: Multiple mediating effects of smartphone addiction and depression. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:457-461. [PMID: 28917440 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate the mediating effect of smartphone addiction and depression on neuroticism and quality of life. Self-reported measures of neuroticism, smart-phone addiction, depression, and quality of life were administered to 722 Chinese university students. Results showed smartphone addiction and depression were both significantly affected neuroticism and quality of life. The direct effect of neuroticism on quality of life was significant, and the chain-mediating effect of smartphone addiction and depression was also significant. In conclusion, neuroticism, smartphone addiction, and depression are important variables that worsen quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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31
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Meyer AE, Curry JF. Pathways from anxiety to stressful events: An expansion of the stress generation hypothesis. Clin Psychol Rev 2017; 57:93-116. [PMID: 28865244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John F Curry
- Duke University, United States; Duke University Medical Center, United States
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32
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Yeatts PE, Martin SB, Petrie TA. Physical fitness as a moderator of neuroticism and depression in adolescent boys and girls. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Bendezú JJ, Wadsworth ME. If the coping fits, use it: Preadolescent recent stress exposure differentially predicts post-TSST salivary cortisol recovery. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:848-862. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.21542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Bendezú
- Department of Psychology; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania
| | - Martha E. Wadsworth
- Department of Psychology; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania
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34
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Yu M, Xu W, Xie Q, Zhu Y, Chasson GS, Wang J. Automatic thoughts as a predictor of internalizing and externalizing problems in Chinese adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis with age effects. Scand J Psychol 2017; 58:351-358. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University; Beijing PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing PR China
| | - Qiuyuan Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University; Beijing PR China
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration; University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong PR China
| | - Yawen Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University; Beijing PR China
| | - Gregory S. Chasson
- Department of Psychology; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL USA
| | - Jianping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University; Beijing PR China
- Capital Medical University; Beijing PR China
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35
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Poole LA, Lewis AJ, Toumbourou JW, Knight T, Bertino MD, Pryor R. A Multi-Family Group Intervention for Adolescent Depression: The BEST MOOD Program. FAMILY PROCESS 2017; 56:317-330. [PMID: 27156970 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental disorder for young people, and it is associated with educational underachievement, self-harm, and suicidality. Current psychological therapies for adolescent depression are usually focused only on individual-level change and often neglect family or contextual influences. The efficacy of interventions may be enhanced with a broader therapeutic focus on family factors such as communication, conflict, support, and cohesion. This article describes a structured multi-family group approach to the treatment of adolescent depression: Behaviour Exchange Systems Therapy for adolescent depression (BEST MOOD). BEST MOOD is a manualized intervention that is designed to address both individual and family factors in the treatment of adolescent depression. BEST MOOD adopts a family systems approach that also incorporates psychoeducation and elements of attachment theories. The program consists of eight multifamily group therapy sessions delivered over 2 hours per week, where parents attend the first four sessions and young people and siblings join from week 5. The program design is specifically aimed to engage youth who are initially resistant to treatment and to optimize youth and family mental health outcomes. This article presents an overview of the theoretical model, session content, and evaluations to date, and provides a case study to illustrate the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda A Poole
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lewis
- School of Psychology & Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - John W Toumbourou
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Tess Knight
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Melanie D Bertino
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Reima Pryor
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
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36
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Wang Y, Wang X, Liu F, Jiang X, Xiao Y, Dong X, Kong X, Yang X, Tian D, Qu Z. Negative Life Events and Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women in Rural China: The Role of Negative Automatic Thoughts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167597. [PMID: 27977715 PMCID: PMC5157981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have looked at the relationship between psychological and the mental health status of pregnant women in rural China. The current study aims to explore the potential mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts between negative life events and antenatal depression. METHODS Data were collected in June 2012 and October 2012. 495 rural pregnant women were interviewed. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, stresses of pregnancy were measured by the pregnancy pressure scale, negative automatic thoughts were measured by the automatic thoughts questionnaire, and negative life events were measured by the life events scale for pregnant women. We used logistic regression and path analysis to test the mediating effect. RESULTS The prevalence of antenatal depression was 13.7%. In the logistic regression, the only socio-demographic and health behavior factor significantly related to antenatal depression was sleep quality. Negative life events were not associated with depression in the fully adjusted model. Path analysis showed that the eventual direct and general effects of negative automatic thoughts were 0.39 and 0.51, which were larger than the effects of negative life events. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that there was a potentially significant mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts. Pregnant women who had lower scores of negative automatic thoughts were more likely to suffer less from negative life events which might lead to antenatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, China Institute of Health, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangnan Liu
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Mianzhu County, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuehan Dong
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Teacher Education College, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Donghua Tian
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, China Institute of Health, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Qu
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, China Institute of Health, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Pössel P. Comparing Different Sequential Mediational Interpretations of Beck’s Cognitive Model of Depression in Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 46:725-743. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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38
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Kandler C, Ostendorf F. Additive and Synergetic Contributions of Neuroticism and Life Events to Depression and Anxiety in Women. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this genetically informative and longitudinal study of women, we investigated the nature of individual differences in tendencies to depression (TD) and anxiety (TA) as well as in the probability to develop unipolar mood disorders (UMDs), anxiety disorders (ADs) or both. Specifically, we examined the roles of neuroticism, negative and positive life events and their interplay as heritable and environmental factors of variance in TD and TA. Cross–sectional data from a total of 1200 women including 232 patients (suffering from UMDs and/or ADs) and longitudinal data from 630 female twins including 260 complete pairs were analysed. The analyses yielded that variance in neuroticism mediated the vast majority of the genetic variance in both TD (about 85–90%) and TA (about 70–75%). Negative life events additionally contributed as risk factors accounting for common and specific environmental variance in both TD and TA, whereas positive life events only acted as protective factors in the case of TD. Moreover, TD but not TA was associated with both the probability of exposure and the sensitivity to negative life events and a negative life–event balance (i.e. more negative than positive experiences). The results were discussed within the framework of additive, dynamic and synergetic diathesis–stress models. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fritz Ostendorf
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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39
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Kim SE, Kim HN, Cho J, Kwon MJ, Chang Y, Ryu S, Shin H, Kim HL. Direct and Indirect Effects of Five Factor Personality and Gender on Depressive Symptoms Mediated by Perceived Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154140. [PMID: 27120051 PMCID: PMC4847785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate associations among five factor personality traits, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms and to examine the roles of personality and perceived stress in the relationship between gender and depressive symptoms. The participants (N = 3,950) were part of a cohort study for health screening and examination at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Personality was measured with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Perceived stress level was evaluated with a self-reported stress questionnaire developed for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A higher degree of neuroticism and lower degrees of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were significantly associated with greater perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Neuroticism and extraversion had significant direct and indirect effects (via stress as a mediator) on depressive symptoms in both genders. Agreeableness and conscientiousness had indirect effects on depression symptoms in both genders. Multiple mediation models were used to examine the mediational roles of each personality factor and perceived stress in the link between gender and depressive symptoms. Four of the personality factors (except openness) were significant mediators, along with stress, on the relationship between gender and depressive symptoms. Our findings suggest that the links between personality factors and depressive symptoms are mediated by perceived stress. As such, personality is an important factor to consider when examining the link between gender and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song E. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Na Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (HNK); (HLK)
| | - Juhee Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAHIST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Family Medicine and Health Screening Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Lae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (HNK); (HLK)
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Park S, Kim BN, Park MH. The relationship between parenting attitudes, negative cognition, and the depressive symptoms according to gender in Korean adolescents. Int J Ment Health Syst 2016; 10:35. [PMID: 27123043 PMCID: PMC4847343 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-016-0069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parenting style is one potential contributor to the development of adolescents' cognitions, self-esteem and emotional problems. This study examined the relationship between maternal parenting attitudes and adolescents' negative cognitions, and depressive symptoms according to gender. METHODS A total of 401 middle and high school students were recruited (i.e. 221 males and 180 females; mean age, 13.92 ± 1.31 years). The Maternal Behavior Research Instrument assessed maternal parenting attitudes. Analyses examined the relationship between parenting attitudes and affective symptoms, with self-esteem and negative automatic thoughts as mediators of these relations. RESULTS Maternal rejecting attitudes were positively associated with depressive symptoms via increasing negative autonomic thoughts and decreasing self-esteem among female adolescents. Among male adolescents, maternal rejecting attitudes were associated with low self-esteem, but they were not associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Maternal parenting has a larger impact on the emotional adjustment of females compared to males. Interventions to increase self-esteem and correct negative cognitions may be helpful for depressed female adolescents, specifically for those whose mothers are rejecting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- />Research Planning Division, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, 127, Yongmasan-ro, Gwangin-gu, Seoul, 04933 Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- />Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyeon Park
- />Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary׳s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Stress sensitivity interacts with depression history to predict depressive symptoms among youth: prospective changes following first depression onset. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 43:489-501. [PMID: 25123081 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-014-9922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Predictors of depressive symptoms may differ before and after the first onset of major depression due to stress sensitization. Dependent stressors, or those to which characteristics of individuals contribute, have been shown to predict depressive symptoms in youth. The current study sought to clarify how stressors' roles may differ before and after the first depressive episode. Adolescents (N = 382, aged 11 to 15 at baseline) were assessed at baseline and every 3 months over the course of 2 years with measures of stressors and depressive symptoms. Semi-structured interviews were conducted every 6 months to assess for clinically significant depressive episodes. Hierarchical linear modeling showed a significant interaction between history of depression and idiographic fluctuations in dependent stressors to predict prospective elevations of symptoms, such that dependent stressors were more predictive of depressive symptoms after onset of disorder. Independent stressors predicted symptoms, but the strength of the association did not vary by depression history. These results suggest a synthesis of dependent stress and stress sensitization processes that might maintain inter-episode depressive symptoms among youth with a history of clinical depression.
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Paulus DJ, Vanwoerden S, Norton PJ, Sharp C. Emotion dysregulation, psychological inflexibility, and shame as explanatory factors between neuroticism and depression. J Affect Disord 2016; 190:376-385. [PMID: 26546773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between neuroticism and depression is well documented. However, neuroticism is a general risk factor associated with many forms of psychopathology, such as anxiety, eating, and personality disorders. Past research has suggested that other factors may mediate the relationship between neuroticism and symptoms of particular disorders. METHODS Self-report questionnaires measuring neuroticism, emotion dysregulation, psychological inflexibility, shame, and symptoms of depression were administered to 105 inpatient adolescents (aged 12-17). The current study examined three factors (emotion dysregulation difficulties, psychological inflexibility, and shame) as concurrent mediators of the neuroticism/depression association. RESULTS Neuroticism was significantly associated with depression, as expected. Neuroticism was also associated with emotion dysregulation and psychological inflexibility, which, in combination, fully mediated the association between neuroticism and depression. Shame was not significantly associated with neuroticism or depression, when controlling for anxiety, externalizing, sex, and age. Follow-up analyses examined six sub-factors of emotion dysregulation as multiple mediators of the neuroticism/depression association. Goal directed behavior, lack of emotion regulation strategies, and impulse control were significant mediators, controlling for the other three emotion dysregulation sub-factors. LIMITATIONS The study is limited by the cross sectional design, sample size, and self-report measurement. CONCLUSIONS Despite limitations, this study demonstrated that the link between neuroticism and depression is explained by both emotion dysregulation and psychological inflexibility and that specific emotion dysregulation facets may be at play in adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Paulus
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Peter J Norton
- Monash University, School of Psychological Sciences, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Carla Sharp
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, Houston, TX, USA.
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Friedmann JS, Lumley MN, Lerman B. Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience. Cogn Behav Ther 2015; 45:32-48. [DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2015.1100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Arnarson EÖ, Matos AP, Salvador C, Ribeiro C, de Sousa B, Edward Craighead W. Longitudinal Study of Life Events, Well-Being, Emotional Regulation and Depressive Symptomatology. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-015-9524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Vazsonyi AT, Ksinan A, Mikuška J, Jiskrova G. The Big Five and adolescent adjustment: An empirical test across six cultures. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Du X, Luo W, Shen Y, Wei D, Xie P, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Qiu J. Brain structure associated with automatic thoughts predicted depression symptoms in healthy individuals. Psychiatry Res 2015; 232:257-63. [PMID: 25914142 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous behavioral studies have examined the correlation between personality and depression, and between negative automatic thoughts and depression. Little is known, however, about the relationships among these three factors. Even less is known about how variations in brain structure are related to negative automatic thoughts, which are thought to mediate the association between personality traits and depressive symptoms. A total of 298 healthy participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and completed the following questionnaires: a Neuroticism scale, the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). We first investigated the relationships among the three questionnaires and found that the ATQ was a mediator between the Neuroticism scale and the SDS. Then, we investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of the ATQ in the participants using voxel-based morphometry. We found that the ATQ was significantly positively correlated with the gray matter volume of the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). Structural Equation Modeling revealed that negative automatic thoughts mediated the relationship between the GMV of the parahippocampal gyrus and depression. Moreover, the interaction between parahippocampal gyrus volume and neuroticism predicted automatic thoughts. These findings highlight that negative automatic thoughts might be a good predictor of depression outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Du
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yimo Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Normal personality traits, rumination and stress generation among early adolescent girls. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2015; 57:131-142. [PMID: 28845067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined associations between personality and stress generation. Expanding upon prior work, we examined (a) the role of Positive Emotionality (PE), Negative Emotionality (NE), and Constraint (CON), and their lower-order facets, as predictors of acute and chronic interpersonal stress generation; (b) whether personality moderated effects of rumination on stress generation; and (c) whether personality increased exposure to independent (uncontrollable) stress. These questions were examined in a one-year study of 126 adolescent girls (M age = 12.39 years) using contextual stress interviews. NE predicted increases in acute and chronic interpersonal stress generation, but not independent stress. NE, CON and affiliative PE each moderated the effect of rumination on chronic interpersonal stress generation. These effects were driven by particular lower-order traits.
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Choon MW, Abu Talib M, Yaacob SN, Awang H, Tan JP, Hassan S, Ismail Z. Negative automatic thoughts as a mediator of the relationship between depression and suicidal behaviour in an at-risk sample of Malaysian adolescents. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2015; 20:89-93. [PMID: 32680393 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the mediating role of negative automatic thoughts in the relationship between depression and suicidal behaviour in a sample of at-risk Malaysian adolescents. METHOD A total of 1441 adolescents were initially recruited via multistage cluster sampling. Subsequently, 294 at-risk adolescents were selected for further analyses through a specified cut-off score. RESULTS The results showed significant positive relationships among the study variables. Specifically, negative automatic thoughts emerged as a significant mediator in the relation between depression and suicidal behaviour (z = 7.15, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that depressed adolescents are at high risk for a host of negative thought processes which in turn lead to suicidal behaviour. The study limitations and recommendations for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wai Choon
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mansor Abu Talib
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Yaacob
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hamidin Awang
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jo Pei Tan
- Department of Social Work and Social Care, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom
| | - Sallahuddin Hassan
- Department of Economics and Agribusiness, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Ismail
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Sadeh N, Miller MW, Wolf EJ, Harkness KL. Negative emotionality and disconstraint influence PTSD symptom course via exposure to new major adverse life events. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 31:20-7. [PMID: 25659969 PMCID: PMC4394853 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the factors that influence stability and change in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is important for improving clinical outcomes. Using a cross-lagged design, we analyzed the reciprocal effects of personality and PTSD symptoms over time and their effects on stress exposure in a sample of 222 trauma-exposed veterans (ages 23-68; 90.5% male). Personality functioning and PTSD were measured approximately 4 years apart, and self-reported exposure to major adverse life events during the interim was also assessed. Negative emotionality positively predicted future PTSD symptoms, and this effect was partially mediated by exposure to new events. Constraint (negatively) indirectly affected PTSD via its association with exposure to new events. There were no significant effects of positive emotionality nor did PTSD symptom severity exert influences on personality over time. Results indicate that high negative affect and disconstraint influence the course of PTSD symptoms by increasing exposure to stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Sadeh
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, United States; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 715 Albany Street, M-8th Floor, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130,Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 715 Albany Street, M-8th Floor, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130,Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 715 Albany Street, M-8th Floor, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Kate L. Harkness
- Queen’s University, Department of Psychology, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6
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Mohiyeddini C, Bauer S, Semple S. Neuroticism and stress: the role of displacement behavior. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2015; 28:391-407. [PMID: 25599405 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.1000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neuroticism is linked with an impaired ability to cope with stress and is an important risk factor for stress-related disorders. Hence, there is interest in exploring the behavioral correlates of neuroticism and how such behaviors may moderate the link between neuroticism and the response to stress. Displacement behavior - activity such as face touching and scratching - is important to investigate in this respect, as recent studies indicate that such behavior is linked to negative emotional states and has an important stress coping function. Here, we explored the relationship between neuroticism, displacement behavior, and stress in a healthy population of men. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional, quasiexperimentally controlled study. METHODS We assessed participants' levels of neuroticism, and then during a Trier Social Stress Test quantified displacement behavior, physiological, and cognitive indices of the stress response; after the test we measured the self-reported experience of stress. RESULTS Displacement behavior was negatively correlated with self-reported experience, physiological, and cognitive measures of stress and moderated the relationships between neuroticism, self-reported experience, and cognitive index of stress. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest displacement behavior plays an important role in shaping the link between neuroticism and the response to stress.
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