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Horan MR, Latendresse SJ, Limbers CA. Mental Health in Mothers of Autistic Children with a Medical Home: The Potentially Mechanistic Roles of Coping and Social Support. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:2682-2692. [PMID: 37142909 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05997-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mothers of autistic children often report poor mental health outcomes. One established risk factor for these outcomes is the child having a medical home. This study examined possible mediating variables (coping, social support) in this relationship in 988 mothers of autistic children from the 2017/2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). The results of the multiple mediation model suggest the relationship between having a medical home and maternal mental health is largely explained by indirect associations with coping and social support. These findings suggest that clinical interventions for coping and social support provided by the medical home for mothers of autistic children may improve maternal mental health outcomes over and above implementation of a medical home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline R Horan
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS735, 38105, Memphis, TN, USA.
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2
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Lagang-Buenaventura MKC, Ang-Nolasco VDC. Needs and Coping during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Government Tertiary Hospital. ACTA MEDICA PHILIPPINA 2024; 58:152-162. [PMID: 38882907 PMCID: PMC11168959 DOI: 10.47895/amp.v58i7.6331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the well-being of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their families. The core deficits of the condition and increased parental stress during this time made them more vulnerable. Objectives This study aims to explore how the pandemic has affected these families by identifying their needs and capabilities in order to provide support. Methods A total of 227 parents of children with ASD completed an online survey consisting of items on socio-demographics, family needs, and coping strategies. Descriptive statistics were used and t-test and ANOVA/Kruskal Wallis were used to determine the relationship between parent and child factors with needs and coping. Results Needs for Information, Community Services, and Finances are the top categories while the greatest identified need during this pandemic was for financial assistance. Religiosity, Problem-Solving, and Cognitive Reappraisal were the widely used coping strategies by the parents. Fathers, younger children, daughters with ASD, and having more than one child with ASD showed significant association with needs. Parents with primary and tertiary education were associated with use of the cognitive reappraisal strategy and those with jobs were associated with substance use. Conclusion Families of children with ASD have multiple needs during this pandemic, from autism-specific information and services, to more generic concerns such as financial assistance. Despite these challenges, these families have positive strategies in place to facilitate coping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Khatrina C Lagang-Buenaventura
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila
| | - Victoria Dominique C Ang-Nolasco
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila
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3
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George-Levi S, Laslo-Roth R, Ben-Yaakov L. Differences in Interpersonal Resources and Risk Factors Among Mothers and Fathers of Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Serial Mediation Model. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:1398-1410. [PMID: 36710298 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mothers and fathers of children on the autism spectrum may differ in their perception of their interpersonal resources and risk factors. Fathers (114) and mothers (507) of children on the autism spectrum participated in the study. Fathers (vs. mothers) reported lower interpersonal resources (interpersonal emotion regulation and perceived support from friends and formal sources, but not family) and higher levels of interpersonal risk factors (social, not emotional, loneliness). A serial mediation model indicated that parents' gender predicted interpersonal emotion regulation which in turn related to parents' social loneliness directly and indirectly through perceived social support. Fathers of children on the autism spectrum may differ from mothers in perceptions of interpersonal resources and risk factors related to parents' social belonging needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan George-Levi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Peres Academic Center, 10 Peres St, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Roni Laslo-Roth
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Peres Academic Center, 10 Peres St, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lital Ben-Yaakov
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Peres Academic Center, 10 Peres St, Rehovot, Israel
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4
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Ault S, Helsabeck N, Breitenstein SM, Tucker S, Havercamp SM, Ford JL. A secondary analysis examining the influence of emotional support on the mental health of caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 75:e142-e151. [PMID: 38245387 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study purpose was to examine the effect of emotional support on the overall mental health and stress for caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS A cross-sectional retrospective study using secondary data from the 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health was conducted using single variable and multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS More informal emotional support sources were associated with better overall mental health (β = 0.124, SE = 0.015, p < .001) and reduced stress (β = -0.261, SE = 0.039, p < .001) for caregivers of children with ASD, controlling for covariates. The number of formal emotional support sources was not significantly associated with caregiver overall mental health or stress when controlling for covariates. Increased amounts of total emotional support sources were significantly associated with increased overall mental health (β = 0.042, SE = 0.010, p < .001) and reduced stress (β = -0.093, SE = 0.024, p < .001) for caregivers. Other factors significantly associated with caregiver outcomes included caregiver sex, caregiver marital status, caregiver education level, economic hardship, child sex, child race/ethnicity, ASD severity, and child receipt of ASD treatment. CONCLUSION More emotional support sources, in particular informal support sources, may be a protective factor for well-being for caregivers of children with ASD. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Health care providers should evaluate the impact of their formal support services on caregivers of children with ASD and advocate for increased informal and formal support resources for these caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ault
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, United States of America.
| | - Nathan Helsabeck
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, United States of America
| | | | - Sharon Tucker
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, United States of America
| | | | - Jodi L Ford
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, United States of America
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5
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Tripathi I, Moody CT, Laugeson EA. Parent perspectives on treatment: A mixed methods analysis of PEERS® for Preschoolers. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:390-402. [PMID: 37306138 PMCID: PMC10851630 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231172314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autistic children have social communication differences that can contribute to difficulties making and keeping friends, as well as poor mental health (e.g. anxiety, depression). Social skills training programs for preschoolers on the spectrum have been shown to increase social functioning and improve outcomes. Parent involvement in these programs is essential, as parents are able to use the intervention strategies outside of sessions. Teaching parents skills to help their children is also thought to reduce parenting stress through empowerment, knowledge, and social support. However, we still do not know much about how parents experience social skills treatments and whether there are specific parts that are especially helpful to them. This study examined parent perspectives on the University of California, Los Angeles Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS®) for Preschoolers, an evidence-based, group social skills intervention for autistic young children who are struggling socially. Twenty-four parents reported on their child's progress through questionnaires and participated in semi-structured interviews that asked about their experiences and perspectives 1-5 years after completing (PEERS®) for Preschoolers. Parents reported that their children displayed increased social skills and confidence after (PEERS®) for Preschoolers, while parents described feeling more positive, supported, and having greater understanding of their child and their development. Those parents who continued to use strategies taught in (PEERS®) for Preschoolers, particularly priming and preparing their child for social activities, showed greater improvements in long-term child outcomes and parenting stress. Overall, findings show that parents had a positive experience during and after PEERS® for Preschoolers, finding the program helpful in multiple ways to both their child and to themselves as a parent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isita Tripathi
- University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
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6
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Amini S, Jalali A, Jalali R. Perceived social support and family members of patients with mental disorders: A mixed method study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1093282. [PMID: 36815153 PMCID: PMC9939439 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1093282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Family members are the caregivers to patients with mental disorders at home, and the mental and spiritual pressures caused by this responsibility necessitate physical, mental, and perceived social support for these families. The present mixed method study is an attempt to elaborate on the perceived social support by Iranian families of patients with chronic mental disorders. Materials and methods Using a sequential mixed method explanatory study (quantitative and qualitative), 200 family members of patients with chronic mental disorders were selected through convenient sampling (quantitative phase). Data gathering was started using a demographics form and Stewart and Sherburne's perceived social support scale. The qualitative phase included 10 participants who obtained low scores in the quantitative phase and took part in private, face-to-face, in-depth, and semi-structured interviews. The data obtained in the quantitative phase were analyzed using statistical tests, and the interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings The perceived social support by the participants was at a moderate level in different fields of tangible support, information and emotional support, kindness, and positive social interactions. The results of the qualitative phase revealed social support status in 15 subcategories, 6 categories, and 2 themes of support and acceptance by family, relatives, and friends, with support and being understood by society. The results of the qualitative and quantitative sections emphasized the needs of the patient's family members (who acted as caregivers for patients) for support in family, social, and emotional areas. Conclusion The family members of patients with chronic mental disorders have different needs in the area of perceived social support. Such needs are more tangible in family members such as children with mentally ill parents or parents with mentally ill children. The results of this study can be used for educational and supportive planning for caregivers of patients, most of whom are family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Amini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Jalali
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,*Correspondence: Amir Jalali ✉
| | - Rostam Jalali
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Evans K, Whitehouse AJO, D’Arcy E, Hayden-Evans M, Wallace K, Kuzminski R, Thorpe R, Girdler S, Milbourn B, Bölte S, Chamberlain A. Perceived Support Needs of School-Aged Young People on the Autism Spectrum and Their Caregivers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15605. [PMID: 36497683 PMCID: PMC9737194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demands for health, disability and education services, innovative approaches can help distribute limited resources according to need. Despite an increased focus on support needs within the clinical pathway and policy landscape, the body of research knowledge on this topic is at a relatively early stage. However, there appears to be a sense of unmet support needs and dissatisfaction with the provision of required support following an autism diagnosis amongst caregivers of young people on the spectrum. The primary aim of this study was to explore the perceived support needs of Australian school-aged young people on the spectrum and their caregiver(s). This was achieved using a phenomenographic Support Needs Interview conducted by occupational therapists during home-visits with caregivers of 68 young people on the spectrum (5-17 years). Qualitative data analysis resulted in two hierarchical outcome spaces, one each for young people and their caregivers, indicating interacting levels of support need areas that could be addressed through a combination of suggested supports. These support needs and suggested supports align with almost all chapters within the Body Functions, Activities and Participation and Environmental Factors domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The overall goals of meeting these complex and interacting support needs were for the young people to optimize their functioning to reach their potential and for caregivers to ensure the sustainability of their caregiving capacity. A series of recommendations for support services, researchers and policy makers have been made to position support needs as central during the assessment, support and evaluation phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiah Evans
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Andrew J. O. Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
| | - Emily D’Arcy
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Maya Hayden-Evans
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Kerry Wallace
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Rebecca Kuzminski
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Thorpe
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Milbourn
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Sven Bölte
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 104 31 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Chamberlain
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Autism CRC, Long Pocket, Brisbane 4068, Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group and School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
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Support Needs and Parent Outcomes in Arab Families of Children with Autism Living in the United Kingdom. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081114. [PMID: 36009177 PMCID: PMC9405880 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the experiences of Arab families of children with autism living in non-Arab countries is scarce. A survey investigated the support needs, psychological distress, and parental relationships of Arab parents (n = 100) of children with autism living in the United Kingdom (UK). The survey consisted of five main questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire, the GO4KIDDS Brief Adaptive Scale, the Family Needs Survey, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Descriptive analysis indicated that the most frequently identified support needs were information, community services, and explaining to others. Parents reported high levels of psychological distress, a high level of parental relationship satisfaction with their spouse, and few parental disagreements about their child with autism. Regression analyses showed that increased child behavior problems predicted more total family needs. Higher levels of child prosocial behavior, the better health status of parents, and a larger number of children in the family were associated with lower levels of parental psychological distress. A longer time living in the UK was associated with more parental disagreement over issues related to the child with ASD. Reducing child behavior problems and increasing child prosocial behavior may be important targets for support and intervention to improve outcomes for Arab parents of autistic children.
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9
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The impact of COVID-19 on individuals with ASD in the US: Parent perspectives on social and support concerns. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270845. [PMID: 35976958 PMCID: PMC9384980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic’s disruptions to daily routines and services have proven especially challenging for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families. The current retrospective study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic’s social environmental changes on parental ratings of personal and child concerns about family conflict, opportunities for social interaction, and loss of institutional support (school and therapy services). Analyses of responses from families with ASD in the US determined differences in concerns across three time points which were measured simultaneously: prior to COVID-19, at the start of COVID-19, and at the time of survey completion. From our sample of 246 school-aged children, parents retrospectively reported significantly increasing levels of concern for both themselves and their children over time, with parents’ personal concern levels rated consistently higher than their ratings of their child’s level of concern. Concerns about loss of institutional support were higher for parents of children reported as having co-occurring intellectual disability. Further, parents of younger children also reported more concerns about loss of services, as well as more social concerns. For parent ratings of child concerns, children who were reportedly aware of COVID-19 were determined to have higher levels of social concerns and concerns about loss of institutional support. Meanwhile, the child’s age and gender did not impact their parent ratings of child concerns. The increased level of parental and child-perceived concerns over the course of the pandemic suggests a need for improved service delivery and support for these families. The high levels of concerns observed in the current study provide support for the need to assess families’ priorities and tailor services to best meet families’ needs. This will potentially increase the quality of life of family members, and improve ASD services across the lifespan, and improve outcomes.
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Emotional and behavioral problems in children with autism spectrum disorder and psychological distress in their parents in Saudi Arabia: The moderating effect of marital relationship satisfaction. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 65:e99-e106. [PMID: 35410735 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a well-established association between emotional and behavioral problems in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), unmet family support needs, and psychological distress in their parents. However, no studies hypothesized a buffering effect of marital relationship satisfaction. AIM The aim of this research was to investigate the moderating effect of marital relationship satisfaction in the associations among emotional and behavioral problems in children with ASD, unmet family support needs, and anxiety and depression of their parents in the context of Saudi Arabia. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited parents from five rehabilitation centers for children with ASD in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected with surveys completed online. A sample of 93 parents (84% female, 4.3% were 24 or younger, 36.2% between 25 and 34 years old, 40.5% between 35 and 44, and 14.7% between 45 and 54) of children with ASD was obtained. Two models of multiple regression analysis were performed to determine the relationships. RESULTS About 56% of the parents had anxiety symptoms and 60% had depressive symptoms. Emotional and behavioral problems of children and higher levels of unmet family support needs were associated with higher levels of anxiety in parents, and adaptive behavior of children was associated with reduced levels of depression in parents. Relationship satisfaction moderated the impact of children's emotional and behavioral problems on parental anxiety. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The study highlighted the importance of marital relationship satisfaction in buffering the negative effects of ASD-related factors of children on the psychological well-being of their parents.
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Chase B. The Unexpected Comfort of Feeling It All: A Support Group for Mothers of Autistic Adolescents Using the Lens of Ambiguous Loss. CLINICAL SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL 2022; 50:436-444. [PMID: 35125555 PMCID: PMC8801238 DOI: 10.1007/s10615-022-00834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many parents experience grief and loss in response to their child receiving an autism diagnosis in early childhood. However, there is a dearth of research that considers if grief and loss are experienced by parents throughout their child's adolescence and young adulthood. Further, there is a small but growing body of evidence suggesting that parents of autistic children may be living with ambiguous loss in particular, that is, a loss for which there is no closure or resolution. This case study introduces a peer group intervention utilizing an ambiguous loss framework that school social workers and other clinicians can adopt to support mothers of autistic adolescents who are struggling with ambiguous loss. Through the group process, the mothers developed deeper understanding, self-compassion, and effective coping strategies, resulting in a more resilient approach to the transition process and an enhanced capacity to plan for a meaningful adult life with their autistic child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Chase
- Rutgers University School of Social Work, New Brunswick, USA
- 390 George Street, 6th Fl, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
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12
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Downes N, Geoffray MM, Isnard P, Lemonnier E, Orêve MJ, Cappe E. Dyadic coping and coparenting among couples after their child's recent autism diagnosis. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021; 26:121-134. [PMID: 34098749 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211020916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT We investigated how couples support each other after their child's autism diagnosis and whether this affects the way they work together to raise their child. We recruited 70 couples raising a child on the autism spectrum. Both partners were asked to complete the same questionnaires measuring how they perceived the experience of having a child on the autism spectrum, how they used their relationship to support each other during stressful situations, how competent they felt completing their parenting tasks, and the coparenting relationship to explore how they worked together as a team when parenting their child. Parents participated in the study 1-36 months after their child's autism diagnosis. We used statistical techniques that allowed us to see the impact mothers and fathers had on each other. Overall, parents who felt more competent and supported by their partner worked better as a team to raise their child on the spectrum. Fathers invested in the coparenting relationship more when mothers felt more supported by fathers. Mothers invested in the coparenting relationship more when fathers felt more competent parenting their child. Further research is needed to better understand how we can support couples as their child gets older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Downes
- Université de Paris, LPPS, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Marie-Maude Geoffray
- Department of Child and Adolescent Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Boulevard Pinel, 69678 Bron CEDEX, France.,Health Services and Performance Research (HESPER), Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbane CEDEX, France
| | - Pascale Isnard
- APHP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Paris, France.,Le Moulin Vert, PDAP la Boussole, Paris, France.,INSERM, CESP, « Team DevPsy », Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Lemonnier
- Centre de Ressources Autisme du Limousin, CHU de Limoges, 2 Avenue Dupuytren, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Joëlle Orêve
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Equipe DevPsy, 78000, Versailles, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles
| | - Emilie Cappe
- Université de Paris, LPPS, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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13
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Lateef R, Alaggia R, Collin-Vézina D. A scoping review on psychosocial consequences of pandemics on parents and children: Planning for today and the future. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2021; 125:106002. [PMID: 35990215 PMCID: PMC9375174 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 worldwide pandemic has forced individuals into an unnatural way of life. Families with children experience unique stressors, such as school closures, disrupted childcare arrangements, requirement of parents to uptake additional responsibilities such as homeschooling, possible financial strain, and lack of breathing space between family members. The adjustments required of parents and children during a pandemic presumably impacts the psychosocial wellbeing of parents and children in different ways. To better under the psychosocial consequences of pandemics on parents, children, and youth, this scoping review used Arksey and O'Malley (2005) five-stage framework to examine the existing research literature on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Influenza Type A virus (H1N1), and COVID-19 to answer the following two research questions: (1) What are the psychosocial consequences of pandemics on parents of children and youth? (2) What are the psychosocial consequences of pandemics on children and youth? With the application of inclusion criteria, 29 articles were selected for analysis. Four major themes, including sub-themes emerged: 1) Each family members' emotions influence one another; 2) Parents experience greater levels of psychosocial problems than adults without children; 3) During a pandemic, parents require informal (social) and formal (specialized professional) support and; 4) Psychosocial consequences of pandemics on children/youth are understudied, indicating the need for more research on children/youth under the age of 20 years. Clinical prevention and intervention suggestions to support the psychosocial wellbeing of parents, children and youth during a pandemic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusan Lateef
- McGill University, 3506 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Ramona Alaggia
- University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada
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Srinivasan S, Ekbladh A, Freedman B, Bhat A. Needs assessment in unmet healthcare and family support services: A survey of caregivers of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in Delaware. Autism Res 2021; 14:1736-1758. [PMID: 33876563 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to collect data from families of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the state of Delaware, USA to understand their ongoing needs and challenges in accessing child healthcare and family support services. We analyzed responses from 263 caregivers of children and youth with ASD from 3 to 24 years using a statewide needs assessment survey. Over 50% caregivers indicated having unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Between 24 and 38% caregivers expressed unmet needs for healthcare services such as social skills training, speech-language therapy, behavioral intervention, and occupational therapy for their child and 20-24% expressed needs for family support services such as respite care, parent/sibling support groups, counseling, and babysitting support. Additionally, number of prior early interventions received, limitations in accessing healthcare services, and unmet needs for family support services significantly predicted child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Greater ASD severity and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare services predicted participant's functional dependence on caregivers for activities of daily living. Together, these findings call for designing holistic, family-centered interventions that address needs of both children and youth with ASD and their families. LAY SUMMARY: A statewide needs assessment survey of caregivers of children and youth with ASD revealed that 50% responders had unmet needs relative to both child/youth healthcare services and family support services. Number of prior services received, limitations in accessing healthcare, and unmet needs for family support are linked to child/youth unmet healthcare needs. Severity of autism and difficulties accessing child/youth healthcare are associated with participant's functional dependence. Together, these findings call for placing the family at the heart of the service system in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Srinivasan
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Annalisa Ekbladh
- Center for Disabilities Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Brian Freedman
- Center for Disabilities Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Anjana Bhat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Biomechanics & Movement Sciences Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Behavioral Neuroscience Division, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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15
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Bonfim TDA, Giacon-Arruda BCC, Hermes-Uliana C, Galera SAF, Marcheti MA. Family experiences in discovering Autism Spectrum Disorder: implications for family nursing. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20190489. [PMID: 33263673 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to describe the family's experience in the process of discovering the diagnosis and initiation of treatment of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. METHODS this qualitative and descriptive study interviewed nine relatives of eight children on autism spectrum. They were inserted in health services, public education, and Association of Parents and Friends of The Exceptional of cities in the countryside of the Center-West. Data were collected through open interviews from July to September 2017. Data was submitted to thematic analysis. RESULTS at the beginning, the family was difficult to perceive the first atypical signs presented by the children. Families experience situations of vulnerability, since support networks are insufficient. The school played a significant role in recognizing unexpected behaviors. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS support, offered by nurses, health professionals, school and social support devices, is important to family and children in this trajectory.
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16
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Salleh NS, Abdullah KL, Yoong TL, Jayanath S, Husain M. Parents' Experiences of Affiliate Stigma when Caring for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. J Pediatr Nurs 2020; 55:174-183. [PMID: 32957021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Stigma affects not only children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) themselves, but also people connected with them (i.e., parents, siblings). The capacity of parents to provide care is affected by the stigma they perceive. This meta-synthesis encompasses the experiences of affiliate stigma among parents of children with ASD. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Articles were limited to the English language, those reported on stigma experienced by parents of children with ASD aged 2-18 years, published between 1940 and 2019. SAMPLE PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus and The Cochrane Library databases were searched for eligible studies. Titles and abstracts were reviewed, and twelve articles fitted the selection criteria. The texts of the selected research papers were reviewed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Four common themes across parental experiences included felt stigma, enacted stigma, variations in stigma, and contributors to stigmatizing experiences. CONCLUSIONS Highlighting the differences in parents' views on affiliate stigma is necessary to create awareness about ASD and the stigma linked with this disorder. IMPLICATIONS The findings asserted that healthcare professionals, especially those in pediatric settings, and society need to have a greater awareness of the stigma and challenges that these parents encounter as this has implications on their mental and physical health. This awareness will lead to more compassionate health care delivery which will support them and create a better environment for families and children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Shuhada Salleh
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Lim Abdullah
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia; Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia.
| | - Tang Li Yoong
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Subhashini Jayanath
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Maruzairi Husain
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
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17
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Di Renzo M, Guerriero V, Zavattini GC, Petrillo M, Racinaro L, Bianchi di Castelbianco F. Parental Attunement, Insightfulness, and Acceptance of Child Diagnosis in Parents of Children With Autism: Clinical Implications. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1849. [PMID: 32849089 PMCID: PMC7427563 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early parent-child relationships are an important factor influencing many domains of child development, even in the presence of autism. In this study, we investigated the associations between parent-child attunement during play, parental insightfulness, and parental acceptance of their child's diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder. A sample of 50 parents (26 mothers and 24 fathers) of 26 children aged between 24 and 58 months were videotaped during parent-child play interactions and then interviewed about what they thought had gone through their child's head during the play interaction, and about their feelings and thoughts about their child's diagnosis. Play interactions were evaluated using a coding protocol to assess parental attunement. The results showed that parents who were more able to accept their child's diagnosis and to see things from their child's perspective were more likely to also be attuned during play interactions with their children. These findings highlight the importance of studying the parental ability of insightfulness and acceptance of their child diagnosis of ASD for the implementation of intervention programs for supporting parental attunement and improving the interactions between the parents and the children with autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviana Guerriero
- Institute of Orthophonology (IdO), Rome, Italy.,Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Seymour M, Giallo R, Wood CE. Perceptions of social support: comparisons between fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder and fathers of children without developmental disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2020; 64:414-425. [PMID: 31808233 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research highlights the need for ongoing social support of mothers of children with Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Despite recognised differences between mothers and fathers, little is known about the particular social support needs of fathers of children with ASD. Broadly, this study aimed to explore the support needs of fathers of children with ASD compared with fathers of children without a disability (W/OD) and the relation between social support, psychological distress and sociodemographic factors. METHOD Drawing from a large, nationally representative community sample of children, 159 fathers of children with ASD were identified, where 6578 fathers of children W/OD were used as a comparison sample. RESULTS Over 70% of fathers of children with ASD reported that support was inaccessible and were significantly more likely to report so compared with fathers of children W/OD. Emotional/informational social support was the strongest social support domain associated with fathers' experiences of psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS This study provided important insight into the social support needs of fathers of children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seymour
- Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Intergenerational Health Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Giallo
- Intergenerational Health Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - C E Wood
- Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Lived experience of mothers of children with disabilities: a qualitative study of Iran. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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20
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Decroocq C, Soulas T, Lichtlé J, Sankey C, Engelberg A, Cappe E. Facilitators' perspectives on a psychoeducational program for parents of an autistic child. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 24:1273-1285. [PMID: 31969009 DOI: 10.1177/1362361319899766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT The recent increase of diagnosed cases of autism spectrum disorders has led to a considerable rise in the demands for autism-related services and interventions. Caring for an autistic child can be perceived as an enrichment, which coexists with stress in parents. Parents express the need to access relevant information about their child's difference, and parent support interventions appear to respond effectively to this demand, as they are knowledge-focused and offer indirect support to the child. The aim of this study was to capture the subjective experience of facilitators who implemented a psychoeducational program called Beyond PDD: Parental Skills within My Reach. This program is based on the acknowledged fact that parents of autistic children play a central role in their child's development. Its main goal is to help parents of autistic children under the age of 8 to identify, develop, and update their parenting competences. This program broaches different topics: (1) specific features of an autistic child, (2) post-diagnostic parental adjustment, (3) communication and social relationships, (4) importance of providing the child with a structured environment, and (5) parental emotions and perceptions that impact everyday life. Structured interviews of the facilitators provided insight on institutional support, issues related to the program itself, required and/or recommended professional background, personal experience and competences, and difficulties linked to recruitment and research criteria. Recommendations aiming to enhance program implementation and delivery were then created using facilitators' feedback on these aspects.
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21
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Baixauli I, Mira A, Berenguer C, Roselló B, Miranda A. Family Factors and Communicative Skills in Children with Autism Without Intellectual Disability. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:5023-5035. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Naheed A, Islam MS, Hossain SW, Ahmed HU, Uddin MMJ, Tofail F, Hamadani JD, Hussain AHME, Munir K. Burden of major depressive disorder and quality of life among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder in urban bangladesh. Autism Res 2019; 13:284-297. [PMID: 31647184 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the burden of depression and quality of life (QoL) among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attending six schools offering special educational services for children with ASD in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. All consenting mothers were 18 years of age and older and met criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) on the Structured Interview for DSM-V-TR Research Version-non patient edition administered by trained raters. QoL was assessed by the EuroQol five-dimensional standardized questionnaire. MDD was diagnosed in 45% of mothers and was proportionally higher among those who did not work outside the home, had no childcare support at home, expressed low level of satisfaction with the quality of providers when they had sought care for their children with ASD, and reported being recipient of negative attitudes from neighbors toward their children with ASD. QoL was negatively associated with MDD, mothers' illness, and low satisfaction with the health care providers for children with ASD, as well as experiencing a negative attitude by neighbors toward their children. QoL was positively associated with the reported family monthly income and improvement of the children with ASD on school attendance. The prevalence of MDD among mothers of children with ASD was high and associated with poor QoL. Integrating mental health services and supports for mothers in the ASD care of children is likely to address the high burden of depression they face, and improve their overall quality of life. Autism Res 2020, 13: 284-297. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The levels of depression were assessed among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attending six schools offering special educational services for children with ASD in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. Almost one in two mothers was found to have major depression. The quality of life of these mothers was generally poor. Integrating mental health services for mothers with ASD care in children is likely to address the burden of depression among the mothers of children with ASD and improve overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Naheed
- Initiative for Non-Communicable Diseases, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saimul Islam
- Initiative for Non-Communicable Diseases, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bangladesh (NIMH,B), Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M M Jalal Uddin
- National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Bangladesh (NINS,B), Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Tofail
- NCSD Administration, Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jena Derakhshani Hamadani
- Maternal and Neonatal Health, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A H M Enayet Hussain
- Planning and Development, Director General of Health Services (DGHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kerim Munir
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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23
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Alsem MW, Verhoef M, Braakman J, van Meeteren KM, Siebes RC, Jongmans MJ, Visser‐Meily JM, Ketelaar M. Parental empowerment in paediatric rehabilitation: Exploring the role of a digital tool to help parents prepare for consultation with a physician. Child Care Health Dev 2019; 45:623-636. [PMID: 31276605 PMCID: PMC7171983 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore experiences of parents of children with disabilities using the WWW, roadmap, a tool to support them in exploring needs, finding information, and asking questions of professionals and to explore differences between parents who had used the WWW-roadmap to prepare for consultation with their rehabilitation physician and parents who had not. METHODS In a sequential cohort study, we included 128 parents; 54 used the WWW-roadmap prior to consultation and 74 received care-as-usual. Both groups completed questionnaires after consultation, assessing empowerment, self-efficacy, parent and physician satisfaction, family centredness of care, and experiences using the tool. Additionally, 13 parents were interviewed. RESULTS Parents who used the WWW-roadmap looked up more information on the Internet. No other differences between parents and physicians were found. In the interviews, parents said that the WWW-roadmap was a useful tool for looking up information, exploring and asking questions, and maintaining a comprehensive picture. CONCLUSION Using the WWW-roadmap prior to consultation did not improve self-efficacy, satisfaction, or family centredness of care. Findings suggest positive experiences regarding factors determining empowerment, creating conditions for a more equal parent-physician relationship. The WWW-roadmap is useful for parents to explore their needs and find information, but more is needed to support empowerment in consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattijs W. Alsem
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMCMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Verhoef
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jessica Braakman
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Karen M. van Meeteren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Renate C. Siebes
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marian J. Jongmans
- Department of Education and Pedagogy, Faculty of Social and Behavioural SciencesUtrecht University, the Netherlands and Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's hospital, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Johanna M.A. Visser‐Meily
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - The WWW, roadmap study group
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMCMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands,BOSK Association of persons with congenital physical handicapsUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of Paediatric RehabilitationRehabilitation Center MeremHuizenThe Netherlands,Department of Paediatric RehabilitationRijndam RehabilitationRotterdamThe Netherlands,Research Center Autonomy and Participation, Faculty of HealthZuyd University of Applied ScienceHeerlenThe Netherlands
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24
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High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults: Consequences for Primary Caregivers Compared to Schizophrenia and Depression. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 48:1920-1931. [PMID: 29313177 PMCID: PMC5948267 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Primary caregivers experience consequences from being in close contact to a person with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study used the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire to explore the level of consequences of 104 caregivers involved with adults with High Functioning ASD (HF-ASD) and compared these with the consequences reported by caregivers of patients suffering from depression and schizophrenia. Caregivers involved with adults with an HF-ASD experience overall consequences comparable to those involved with patients with depression or schizophrenia. Worrying was the most reported consequence. More tension was experienced by the caregivers of ASD patients, especially by spouses. More care and attention for spouses of adults with an HF-ASD appears to be needed.
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25
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Dovgan K, Mazurek MO. Impact of multiple co-occurring emotional and behavioural conditions on children with autism and their families. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 32:967-980. [PMID: 30941865 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbid conditions are very common in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can affect school performance, adaptive skills and peer relationships. Comorbid conditions place strain on the family as well as the individual with ASD. This project aimed to determine the affect of comorbid conditions over and above child and family characteristics. METHODS The present authors examined 3,055 cases of children with ASD who had varying numbers of comorbid conditions (i.e., ADHD, depression, anxiety or behaviour problems). RESULTS Multiple comorbid conditions did have a unique impact on difficulties accessing services. A greater number of comorbid conditions impacted daily activity participation, but not a family's receipt of mental health care or respite, work changes or number of weekly hours dedicated to caring for a child with ASD. CONCLUSIONS Families, practitioners, paraprofessionals and educators of children with autism should address comorbid conditions to ensure both child and family well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Dovgan
- Department of Psychology, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, New York
| | - Micah O Mazurek
- Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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26
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Shochet IM, Saggers BR, Carrington SB, Orr JA, Wurfl AM, Duncan BM. A Strength-Focused Parenting Intervention May Be a Valuable Augmentation to a Depression Prevention Focus for Adolescents with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:2080-2100. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-03893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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27
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The Perceptions of School Involvement of Parents of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Systematic Literature Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-019-00157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Cavonius-Rintahaka D, Aho AL, Voutilainen A, Billstedt E, Gillberg C. Health, functionality, and social support in families with a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder - a pilot study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:1151-1161. [PMID: 31190823 PMCID: PMC6514252 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s195722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several studies have reported that having a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) increases parental stress and that parental psychosocial functioning influences child`s development and behavior. It is unclear how parents of children with NDD experience family functionality, family health and receive support and if there are differences between experiences of mothers and fathers. Methods: Families with children referred to a neurocognitive unit were invited to the study. A modified version of the FAmily Functionality, HEalth, and Social support (FAFHES) questionnaire was used. Open-ended questions were also included. Results: Parents rated their social support lower than their family functionality and family health. Family functionality correlated positively with family health. No significant differences were found between mothers' and fathers' experiences. A three-months test-retest using the FAFHES showed no significant change in ratings of family functionality, family health, and social support. Conclusions: Family functionality was connected to family health in families with a child with NDD. Mothers and fathers experienced their family health, family functionality, and received social support in similar ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cavonius-Rintahaka
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Child Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatric Unit, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Aho
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Tampere, Helsinki
| | - Arja Voutilainen
- Child Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatric Unit, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Billstedt
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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29
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Mahapatra P, Pati S, Sinha R, Chauhan AS, Nanda RR, Nallala S. Parental care-seeking pathway and challenges for autistic spectrum disorders children: A mixed method study from Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Indian J Psychiatry 2019; 61:37-44. [PMID: 30745652 PMCID: PMC6341916 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_257_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is globally a major cause of childhood disability. It is estimated that in India approximately 1.7-2 million children are affected with this disorder. Early diagnosis is an important criterion to start early interventions for ASD treatment. However, for every childhood problem that receives a medical diagnosis, there is a period between a parents' first recognition of unusual symptoms and the eventual diagnosis. Several factors influence this initial symptoms recognition and final diagnosis. AIMS The present study attempts to decipher parents' perception regarding ASD and to understand the early signs of ASD recognition among parents, treatment-seeking pathways adopted their experiences and challenges in the overall process. SETTING AND DESIGN A facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken at Bhubaneswar, Odisha. METHODOLOGY Parents of children with ASD were recruited for this study. Seventy-six interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed. RESULTS The major symptom identified by the majority of the parents was social difficulty among their children. Maximum parents had not heard about ASD before their child was diagnosed with the disorder. Parents consulted multiple professionals or traveled long distances to confirm the diagnosis. Child psychiatrists often confirmed the diagnosis and referred patients to rehabilitation centers. CONCLUSION Lack of awareness, unavailability of services, and stress contributed to the delay in ASD diagnosis. There is a need for designing proper awareness and genuine center for the treatment. Similarly, referral and counter-referral mechanism is also required to be established to save delay in diagnosis and initiate prompt treatment in the field of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Department of Health Research, Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Ranjan Nanda
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Srinivas Nallala
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Nilses Å, Jingrot M, Linnsand P, Gillberg C, Nygren G. Experiences Of Immigrant Parents In Sweden Participating In A Community Assessment And Intervention Program For Preschool Children With Autism. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3397-3410. [PMID: 31827325 PMCID: PMC6902863 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s221908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barriers inherent in service systems for autism can hinder parents from getting help for their children, and this is probably especially true for immigrant parents. In order to provide accessible assessment and interventions for preschool children with autism, a multidisciplinary team was established in one district of a Swedish city, with a majority population of immigrants. AIM The aim of the present study was to gain knowledge of the parents' experiences of participating in the community assessment and intervention program. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted with parents of 11 children aged 3-5, who had been diagnosed with autism and participated in the community intervention program for at least 1 year. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed following a phenomenological hermeneutical method. RESULTS The overall meaning of the parents' narratives was interpreted as "A new way of understanding my child made life more hopeful and more challenging than before". Their experience was interpreted as a process, captured in the three main themes: "An overwhelming diagnosis", "Cooperating with the team", and "Growing as a parent". CONCLUSION As lacking knowledge of available resources and support seems to be an important barrier to access services, the results underscore the importance of providing individually tailored services including comprehensive societal support to immigrant families with young children suffering from autism. The study also highlights the importance of addressing the parents' previous awareness and knowledge of autism early in the assessment process, as well as continually involving parents in the intervention program, and this may enhance parental growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Nilses
- Center for Progress in Children's Mental Health, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marianne Jingrot
- Research and Development Primary Health Care, Region Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Linnsand
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Specialist Centre, Angered Hospital, Region Vastra Gotaland, Angered, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gudrun Nygren
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Specialist Centre, Angered Hospital, Region Vastra Gotaland, Angered, Sweden
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31
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Chu SY, Mohd Normal SNSAB, McConnell GE, Tan JS, Joginder Singh SKD. Challenges faced by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Malaysia. SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/2050571x.2018.1548678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ying Chu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Rehabilitation & Special Needs, Speech Sciences Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Grace E. McConnell
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Joo Siang Tan
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Susheel Kaur Dhillon Joginder Singh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Rehabilitation & Special Needs, Speech Sciences Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Vagenas D, Totsika V. Modelling correlated data: Multilevel models and generalized estimating equations and their use with data from research in developmental disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 81:1-11. [PMID: 29786528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of Multilevel Models (MLM) and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) for analysing clustered data in the field of intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) research is still limited. METHOD We present some important features of MLMs and GEEs: main function, assumptions, model specification and estimators, sample size and power. We provide an overview of the ways MLMs and GEEs have been used in IDD research. RESULTS While MLMs and GEEs are both appropriate for longitudinal and/or clustered data, they differ in the assumptions they impose on the data, and the inferences made. Estimators in MLMs require appropriate model specification, while GEEs are more resilient to misspecification at the expense of model complexity. Studies on sample size seem to suggest that Level 1 coefficients are robust to small samples/clusters, with any higher-level coefficients less so. MLMs have been used more frequently than GEEs in IDD research, especially for fitting developmental trajectories. CONCLUSIONS Clustered data from research in the IDD field can be analysed flexibly using MLMs and GEEs. These models would be more widely used if journals required the inclusion of technical specification detail, simulation studies examined power for IDD study characteristics, and researchers developed core skills during basic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Vagenas
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| | - Vasiliki Totsika
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal, and Research (CEDAR) and Centre for Education Studies (CES), University of Warwick, UK; Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia
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33
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Özgür BG, Aksu H, Eser E. Factors affecting quality of life of caregivers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Indian J Psychiatry 2018; 60:278-285. [PMID: 30405252 PMCID: PMC6201674 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_300_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Since autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong disease and because of its nature, the negative effects of the disease on the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers as well as patients are incontrovertible. AIMS It was aimed to evaluate the effect of the variables related to both parents and children on the QoL scores of the parents of the children with ASD. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This is a causality analysis study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Questionnaire on sociodemographic/disease-related variables, QoL in Autism Questionnaire-Parent Version (QoLA-P), autism behavior checklist and Clinical Global Impression scale were assessed of 162 patients with ASD. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Unpaired t- test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and one-way ANOVA test were used for comparing groups. The parameters found to be statistically significant for QoLA-P in different analyses were included as the independent variable in the logistic regression analysis. The backward (variable elimination) model was selected as the model in the analysis. RESULTS The causality has been established may be stated as the severity of autism, the presence of psychiatric disorder in the mother/father, attendance of the child at school, duration since the diagnosis of autism, and the child's medication use. CONCLUSIONS Autism affects the QoL of caregivers. The intervention of treatment by considering the factors that affect the QoL positively or negatively may increase the QoL of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Börte Gürbüz Özgür
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University Training and Research Hospital, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Hatice Aksu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Efeler/Aydin, Turkey
| | - Erhan Eser
- Department of Public Health, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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34
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Service Access to Reduce Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-018-0140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Rodríguez-Meirinhos A, Antolín-Suárez L, Oliva A. Support Needs of Families of Adolescents With Mental Illness: A Systematic Mixed Studies Review. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:152-163. [PMID: 29413065 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodríguez-Meirinhos
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Camilo José Cela, s/n, 41018 Seville, Spain.
| | - Lucía Antolín-Suárez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Camilo José Cela, s/n, 41018 Seville, Spain
| | - Alfredo Oliva
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Camilo José Cela, s/n, 41018 Seville, Spain
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Kiami SR, Goodgold S. Support Needs and Coping Strategies as Predictors of Stress Level among Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. AUTISM RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2017; 2017:8685950. [PMID: 29435368 PMCID: PMC5757090 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8685950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined maternal stress, coping strategies, and support needs among mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A convenience sample of 70 mothers completed the Parent Stress Index Short Form (PSI-SF), Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP), and Modified Family Needs Questionnaire (FNQ). PSI-SF scores reflected clinically significant levels of stress for 77% of mothers, and mothers identified 62.4% of important needs as unmet. The five most frequently reported important unmet needs were (1) financial support; (2) break from responsibilities; (3) understanding of other after-school program children; (4) rest/sleep; (5) help remaining hopeful about the future. Most coping strategies (81%) were identified as helpful. Additionally, both coping strategies and support needs served as predictors for maternal stress. Maternal stress scores decreased by .402 points for each percent increase in helpful coping strategy, and stress scores increased by .529 points with each percent increase in unmet needs. Given large variation in questionnaire responses across participants and studies, utilization of user-friendly questionnaires, such as the PSI-SF, CHIP, and FNQ, is advocated to determine the evolving important needs unique to each family over the child's lifetime as well as guide prioritization of care, compilation of resources, and referrals for additional services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri R. Kiami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, 301 Robinson Hall, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Dinora P, Bogenschutz M, Lynch K. Factors That May Influence Parent Treatment Decision Making for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 16:377-395. [DOI: 10.1080/1536710x.2017.1392395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parthenia Dinora
- Partnership for People with Disabilities, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Bogenschutz
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kathleen Lynch
- Partnership for People with Disabilities, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Willis K, Timmons L, Pruitt M, Schneider HL, Alessandri M, Ekas NV. The Relationship Between Optimism, Coping, and Depressive Symptoms in Hispanic Mothers and Fathers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 46:2427-40. [PMID: 27017210 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined gender differences in the relationship between dispositional optimism, coping, and depressive symptoms of Hispanic mothers (n = 46) and fathers (n = 43) of children with autism spectrum disorder. Coping was hypothesized to mediate the relationship between optimism and depressive symptoms. The results revealed that mothers reported greater depressive symptoms and greater use of positive and support coping than fathers; however, both mothers and fathers reported similar levels of optimism and use of avoidant coping. In addition, positive and avoidant coping strategies mediated the association between optimism and depressive symptoms for both mothers and fathers. Clinical implications for this study include interventions for improving optimistic outlooks as well as interventions that improve parents' coping skills and therefore reduce negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelcie Willis
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298920, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Lisa Timmons
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298920, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Megan Pruitt
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298920, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Hoa Lam Schneider
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Naomi V Ekas
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298920, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
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Galpin J, Barratt P, Ashcroft E, Greathead S, Kenny L, Pellicano E. 'The dots just don't join up': Understanding the support needs of families of children on the autism spectrum. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017; 22:571-584. [PMID: 28449587 DOI: 10.1177/1362361316687989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Much research has documented the elevated levels of stress experienced by families of autistic children. Yet remarkably little research has examined the types of support that these families perceive to be beneficial to their lives. This study, co-produced by researchers and school-based professionals, sought to establish these families' support needs from their own perspectives. In total, 139 parents of autistic children with additional intellectual disabilities and limited spoken communication, all attending an inner-city London school, participated in an initial survey examining parental wellbeing, self-efficacy and the extent to which they felt supported. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a subgroup of parents ( n = 17), some of whom reported in the survey that they felt unsupported, in order to gain their in-depth perspectives. The results from both the survey and the interviews suggested that existing support (particularly from formal support services) was not meeting parents' needs, which ultimately made them feel isolated and alienated. Parents who were interviewed called for service provision that adopted a relational, family-centred approach - one that understands the specific needs of the whole family, builds a close working relationship with them and ensures that they are supported at times when the parents and families feel they need it most.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lorcan Kenny
- 2 UCL Institute of Education, University College London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Pellicano
- 2 UCL Institute of Education, University College London, UK.,3 School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Australia
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40
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of fathers in the management of sleeping problems in children with autism and their perspectives of the impact of these difficulties on family life.
Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews with 25 UK-based fathers of children with autism were undertaken.
Findings
Two-thirds of fathers reported that their children experienced severe sleeping problems in the areas of bed-time resistance, sleep onset and night-time waking. Fathers were significantly involved in the management of these difficulties and reported a range of associated deleterious impacts on the family, including significant negative effects on paternal and maternal health, father’s employment, couple relationship and sibling experiences.
Research limitations/implications
The interview sample cannot be said to be representative of all fathers of children with autism since the backgrounds of those taking part were relatively homogeneous in respect of ethnicity, marital status and level of education.
Practical implications
Improvements in effective, family-centred provision are urgently needed which employ a co-parenting, gender-differentiated methodology.
Social implications
Given the severity and frequency of difficulties, sleeping problems in children with autism should be viewed as a significant public health concern.
Originality/value
This is one of the first studies, qualitative or quantitative, to explore the role and perspectives of fathers of children with autism in the important area of sleep management.
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The Longitudinal Effects of Network Characteristics on the Mental Health of Mothers of Children with ASD: The Mediating Role of Parent Cognitions. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:1699-715. [PMID: 26810434 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Employing a cohort sequential design, the effects of network characteristics on maternal cognitions (perceived social support and parenting self-efficacy) and mental health (depression and well-being) were assessed over 7 years when children with ASD of mothers in the study were age 7-14. Findings indicated that network size, network emotional support, and network instrumental support were positively related to perceived support, while network availability and emotional support were positively linked to self-efficacy. In addition, network support exerted direct and indirect effects on maternal depression and well-being, with cognitive resources mediating the social network-mental health relationship. Finally, consistent with the support-efficacy model, parenting efficacy partially mediated the effects of perceived support on maternal mental health outcomes. Study findings and implications are discussed.
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Bennett M. "What is Life Like in the Twilight Years?" A Letter About the Scant Amount of Literature on the Elderly with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:1883-4. [PMID: 26810435 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this letter is to show the lack of published literature on elderly adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bennett
- Department of Disability and Community Inclusion, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
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Bolourian Y, Blacher J. Impact of Youth with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities on Families: Balancing Perspectives. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-016-0087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Developmental science is replete with studies on the impact of mothers on their children, but little is known about what might best help caregivers to function well themselves. In an initial effort to address this gap, we conducted an Internet-based study of over 2,000 mostly well-educated mothers, seeking to illuminate salient risk and protective processes associated with their personal well-being. When women's feelings in the parenting role were considered along with dimensions of personal support as predictors, the latter set explained at least as much variance-and often much more-across dimensions of mothers' personal well-being. Within the latter set of personal support predictors, findings showed that 4 had particularly robust links with mothers' personal adjustment: their feeling unconditionally loved, feeling comforted when in distress, authenticity in relationships, and satisfaction with friendships. Partner satisfaction had some associations with personal adjustment outcomes, but being married in itself had negligible effects. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for future research, and for interventions aimed at fostering resilience among mothers facing high level of stress in their role as parents. (PsycINFO Database Record
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